Journal articles on the topic 'Exercise Victoria'
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Morrice-West, Ashleigh, Peta Hitchens, Elizabeth Walmsley, and R. Whitton. "Track Surfaces Used for Ridden Workouts and Alternatives to Ridden Exercise for Thoroughbred Horses in Race Training." Animals 8, no. 12 (November 26, 2018): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani8120221.
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Little is known about the types of surfaces used during training of Thoroughbred racehorses or methods of exercise used in addition to ridden track-work. Our aims were to (1) describe the types of surfaces used in the training of Thoroughbred racehorses and to (2) identify alternative approaches used to exercise horses in addition to, or in place of, ridden overground track-work. Information regarding surface and alternative exercise methods was collected as part of an in-person survey of training practices of 66 registered Thoroughbred trainers in Victoria, Australia. Sand and synthetic surfaces were used by 97% and 36% of trainers respectively for slow-workouts, with galloping on turf training tracks used in training regimens by 82% and synthetic by 58% of trainers. Of those trainers utilising turf tracks, only 34% of gallop training was completed on turf despite turf being the predominant racing surface. Almost 90% of trainers used alternatives to ridden exercise. There is substantial variation in training surface used and alternative types of exercise undertaken by Victorian trainers. Future research should focus on how such practices relate to injury risk, particularly as it relates to the importance of musculoskeletal adaptation to specific race-day surfaces.
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Flynn, Asher. "'Fortunately We in Victoria Are Not in That UK Situation': Australian and United Kingdom Perspectives on Plea Bargaining Reform." Deakin Law Review 16, no. 2 (December 1, 2011): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dlr2011vol16no2art107.
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The polarisation between consistency, controls and the unscrutinised discretionary powers held by criminal justice agencies is a complex issue that transcends jurisdictions. In the Australian State of Victoria, this conflict is particularly evident in the prosecutor’s decision-making powers in the plea bargaining process, because these powers are not subject to scrutiny and the decisions made under them are not transparent. Furthermore, plea bargaining itself is a non-formalised and unscrutinised method of case resolution. While the use of discretion is an important component of prosecutorial work, it is the potentially individualised and idiosyncratic nature of unscrutinised discretionary decisions that results in plea bargaining and prosecutorial decision-making in Victoria giving rise to perceptions of inappropriateness and misconduct. Drawing upon the voices of Victorian and United Kingdom legal professionals, this article critically analyses the controls placed on United Kingdom prosecutors by the Attorney General’s Guidelines on the Acceptance of Pleas and the Prosecutor’s Role in the Sentencing Exercise 2009 (UK), and considers whether similar guidelines could be implemented in Victoria to redress problems surrounding the idiosyncratic nature of prosecutorial decision-making in plea bargaining. By offering a unique insight into the perspectives of those involved in plea bargaining, this article explores the benefits of implementing a transparent and scrutinised control on prosecutorial discretion in plea bargaining, and considers whether this would in turn offer greater safeguards, consistency and transparency of prosecutorial decision-making in Victoria.
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Eastwood, David, Kylie Dyson, Emily Andrew, Stephen Bernard, and Karen Smith. "Exercise-related out of hospital cardiac arrest in Victoria, Australia." Resuscitation 130 (September 2018): e20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2018.07.347.
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Eastwood, David, Emily Andrew, Karen Smith, Resmi Nair, Ziad Nehme, Stephen Bernard, and Kylie Dyson. "Exercise-related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Victoria, Australia." Resuscitation 139 (June 2019): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.03.043.
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Nancarrow, Susan A., Gretchen Young, Katy O'Callaghan, Mathew Jenkins, Kathleen Philip, and Kegan Barlow. "Shape of allied health: an environmental scan of 27 allied health professions in Victoria." Australian Health Review 41, no. 3 (2017): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah16026.
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Objective In 2015, the Victorian Department of Health and Human Services commissioned the Victorian Allied Health Workforce Research Program to provide data on allied health professions in the Victorian public, private and not-for-profit sectors. Herein we present a snapshot of the demographic profiles and distribution of these professions in Victoria and discuss the workforce implications. Methods The program commenced with an environmental scan of 27 allied health professions in Victoria. This substantial scoping exercise identified existing data, resources and contexts for each profession to guide future data collection and research. Each environmental scan reviewed existing data relating to the 27 professions, augmented by an online questionnaire sent to the professional bodies representing each discipline. Results Workforce data were patchy but, based on the evidence available, the allied health professions in Victoria vary greatly in size (ranging from just 17 child life therapists to 6288 psychologists), are predominantly female (83% of professions are more than 50% female) and half the professions report that 30% of their workforce is aged under 30 years. New training programs have increased workforce inflows to many professions, but there is little understanding of attrition rates. Professions reported a lack of senior positions in the public sector and a concomitant lack of senior specialised staff available to support more junior staff. Increasing numbers of allied health graduates are being employed directly in private practice because of a lack of growth in new positions in the public sector and changing funding models. Smaller professions reported that their members are more likely to be professionally isolated within an allied health team or larger organisations. Uneven rural–urban workforce distribution was evident across most professions. Conclusions Workforce planning for allied health is extremely complex because of the lack of data, fragmented funding and regulatory frameworks and diverse employment contexts. What is known about this topic? There is a lack of good-quality workforce data on the allied health professions generally. The allied health workforce is highly feminised and unevenly distributed geographically, but there is little analysis of these issues across professions. What does this paper add? The juxtaposition of the health workforce demographics and distribution of 27 allied health professions in Victoria illustrates some clear trends and identifies several common themes across professions. What are the implications for practitioners? There are opportunities for the allied health professions to collectively address several of the common issues to achieve economies of scale, given the large number of professions and small size of many.
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Hemming, Andrew. "Resolving the Application of the Christie Discretion in the Uniform Evidence Legislation." Federal Law Review 42, no. 3 (September 2014): 539–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22145/flr.42.3.5.
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The application of s 137 of the uniform evidence legislation, which essentially restates the Christie discretion, has been thrown into confusion with the Supreme Courts of New South Wales and Victoria taking a restrictive and expansive interpretation respectively of the meaning of ‘probative value’ for the purpose of the weighting exercise between probative value and unfair prejudice. Definitive clarification of such an important and well known evidential principle, which could reasonably have been previously regarded as settled law, will most likely be postponed until a suitable case is heard by the High Court. This article seeks to anticipate such a judicial resolution of the application of s 137, by applying well-understood principles of statutory interpretation, to argue in favour of the Victorian expansive approach to the meaning of ‘probative value’ in the uniform evidence legislation.
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Hodge, Alex. "The 6th International Conference on Self-Determination Theory: A review and emerging themes." Sport & Exercise Psychology Review 13, no. 1 (March 2017): 94–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpssepr.2017.13.1.94.
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The 6th International Conference on Self-Determination Theory (SDT: Deci & Ryan, 1985, 2000) was held from 2–5 June, 2016, in Victoria, British Colombia, Canada. The conference was organised by the Universities of Victoria, Alberta and Saskatchewan, and attracted more than 400 attendees, from varying academic disciplines. This review highlights major themes of the conference, including: 1) challenges to the triad of basic psychological needs; 2) a focus on further examination of need thwarting, frustration and satisfaction; and 3) practical applications and interventions using SDT. All of these themes are tied to sport, exercise science and behaviour management. Future directions for research, both applying and advancing SDT, are discussed.
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Wheller, Rochelle, Cameron Gosling, and Nathan Herman. "Patient compliance to exercise prescription at the Victoria University Osteopathic Medicine Clinic." International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 9, no. 1 (March 2006): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijosm.2006.01.007.
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Lee, Den-Ching A., Lesley Day, Caroline F. Finch, Keith Hill, Lindy Clemson, Fiona McDermott, and Terry P. Haines. "Investigation of Older Adults’ Participation in Exercises Following Completion of a State-wide Survey Targeting Evidence-based Falls Prevention Strategies." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 23, no. 2 (April 2015): 256–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2014-0012.
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This paper examines whether involvement in an observational study may prompt participants to change their exercise behaviors. Data were collected from 394 older community dwellers in Victoria, Australia using a baseline survey, and 245 of these participated in a follow-up survey one year later. Survey domains were drawn from constructs of relevant health behavior models. Results showed that the proportion of respondents who were currently participating in exercises to prevent falls at follow-up was 12% higher than at baseline (Wilcoxon p value < .001). Twenty-nine percent reported they had changed their perceptions about falls and their risk of falls, with comments focused on threat appraisal. Forty-four percent reported having taken strategies to reduce their risk of falling, with comments based on implementation of different preventive strategies. Respondents who held favorable views toward exercises for the prevention of falls appear to change their behaviors that might address falls when participating in observational studies.
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Callaly, Tom, Graeme Hollis, Paul Hantz, and Peter Faulkner. "An Historical Account of the Development of a Patient Record System for use in a Mental Health Service." Australasian Psychiatry 5, no. 6 (December 1997): 281–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10398569709082286.
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Elsewhere, we have argued for the need to redesign patient records in psychiatric services [1] this paper we describe the process and result of the redesign of the patient record system in the Division of Psychiatry in Geelong, Victoria, and which may be Of interest to many who are embarking on or are currently engaged in a similar exercise. We could find little practical advice in available literature to assist.
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McPhate, Lucy, Emily M. Simek, Terry P. Haines, Keith D. Hill, Caroline F. Finch, and Lesley Day. "“Are Your Clients Having Fun?” The Implications of Respondents’ Preferences for the Delivery of Group Exercise Programs for Falls Prevention." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 24, no. 1 (January 2016): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2014-0168.
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Background:Group exercise has been shown to be effective in preventing falls; however, adherence to these interventions is often poor. Older adults’ preferences for how these programs can be delivered are unknown.Objective:To identify older people’s preferences for how group exercise programs for falls prevention can be delivered.Design:A two-wave, cross-sectional, state-wide telephone survey was undertaken. Respondents were community-dwelling men and women aged 70+ in Victoria, Australia.Methods:Open-ended questions were asked to elicit information regarding respondent preferences of the program, which were analyzed using a framework approach.Results:Ninetyseven respondents completed the follow-up survey. The results indicate that older adults most frequently report the short-term advantages and disadvantages when describing their preferences for group exercise, such as enjoyment, social interaction, and leader qualities. Longer-term advantages such as falls prevention were described less frequently.Conclusions:This study indicates the importance of interpersonal skills, and that the opportunity for social interaction should not be overlooked as a positive feature of a group exercise program.
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Harveson, Andrew T., James C. Hannon, Timothy A. Brusseau, Leslie Podlog, Charilaos Papadopoulos, Morgan S. Hall, and EvaRose Celeste. "Acute Exercise and Academic Achievement in Middle School Students." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 19 (September 20, 2019): 3527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193527.
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(1) The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and non-exercise on measures of academic achievement and cognition in pre-adolescent students. (2) In a randomized crossover design, sixty-three participants with a mean age of 13.7 ± 0.47 years completed 20 min of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, or non-exercise with a period of seven days between each bout. Immediately after each bout, participants were tested for academic achievement and cognitive performance. Academic achievement was assessed using standardized, age-appropriate mathematics tests. Cognition was measured using the Dot, Word, and Color tasks of the Stroop Test (Victoria version). (3) Participants scored significantly higher on the mathematics tests (F1,62 = 4.50, p = 0.038) and all elements of the Stroop Test (Dot: F1,62 = 8.14, p = 0.006; Word: F1,62 = 9.90, p = 0.003; Color: F1,62 = 7.57, p = 0.008) following acute resistance exercise as compared to non-exercise. Math test performance was not statistically different between the aerobic and resistance exercise treatments (F1,62 = 0.214, p = 0.645), but participants did perform significantly better on all elements of the Stroop Test following resistance exercise as compared to aerobic exercise (Dot: F1,61 = 25.82, p < 0.001; Word: F1,62 = 14.73, p < 0.001; Color: F1,62 = 20.14, p < 0.001). (4) Resistance exercise acutely influenced academic achievement and cognition in a positive manner. Such results add to the growing body of research that may support an increase in the prescription of varied exercise modalities within school settings for the purposes of improving academic performance and student health.
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Demeter, Stephen L. "Cardiopulmonary Exercise Stress Testing – an Update." Guides Newsletter 19, no. 4 (July 1, 2014): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2014.julaug03.
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Abstract This article updates one published in The Guides Newsletter in January/February 1998 and reflects changing legislation in the workers’ compensation area and also in motor accident compensation. In the various Australian state and federal jurisdictions, impairment rating has become an important component of independent medical examinations, and in many areas, impairment guides have been adopted as a mandatory tool for assessing permanent impairment. For example, in the mid-1990s the state of Victoria established use of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Fourth Edition, as the sole tool for evaluating impairment and continues to use this edition to the present time. Despite the publication of the AMA Guides, Fifth Edition, in 2000, the Motor Accidents Authority in New South Wales (NSW) continues to use the fourth edition, supplemented with the NSW Motor Accidents Authority Guidelines. In November 2001, Tasmania adopted the same guidelines that were being used by the NSW Motor Accidents Authority. Despite publication of the AMA Guides, Sixth Edition, in 2007, there has remained a general reticence in Australia to progress to use of this latest edition either as stand-alone impairment rating tools or an underpinning of the purpose-developed impairment guidelines already in place. A large number of Australian medical assessors have become used to the model based on the NSW WorkCover Guides for the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, which interprets the AMA Guides, Fifth Edition.
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Nemček, Dagmar, and Alexander Simon. "Effect of 3-Months Home-Based Exercise Program on Changes of Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults Living in Old People’s Home." Acta Facultatis Educationis Physicae Universitatis Comenianae 56, no. 1 (May 1, 2016): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afepuc-2016-0002.
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SummaryThe aim of the study was to determine the effect of regular participation in home-based exercise programme on cognitive functioning changes in institutionalised older adults. Two groups of participants were recruited for the study: experimental (n = 17) in mean age 76 ± 5.6 years, who participated in home-based exercise program and control (n = 14) in mean age 80 ± 4.2 years. The standardised Stroop Color-Word Test-Victoria version (VST) was used to measure the level of cognitive functions. Group differences were analyzed with Mann-Whitney U-test for independent samples and for differences between pre-measurements and post-measurements on experimental and control group we used non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed - Rank Test. The level of significance was α < 0.05. Application of 3-months home-based exercise program significantly improved the cognitive functions only in one (Word condition; p<0.01) from three VST conditions in institutionalised older adults. That’s why we recommend longer participation in home-based exercise program, at least 6- months, with combination of various types of cognitive interventions, like concepts of cognitive training, cognitive rehabilitation, and cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in older adults living in old peoples’ homes.
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Cooper, Matthew, Jakub Chmelo, Rhona C. F. Sinclair, Sarah Charman, Kate Hallsworth, Jenny Welford, Alexander W. Phillips, Alastair Greystoke, and Leah Avery. "Exploring factors influencing uptake and adherence to a home-based prehabilitation physical activity and exercise intervention for patients undergoing chemotherapy before major surgery (ChemoFit): a qualitative study." BMJ Open 12, no. 9 (September 2022): e062526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062526.
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ObjectivesPreoperative exercise training can improve cardiorespiratory fitness before major surgery. However, little is known about what influences participation and adherence in high-risk patient groups. We identified barriers and facilitators to uptake, engagement and adherence to a presurgical, home-based physical activity and exercise intervention called ChemoFit delivered during chemotherapy and before major oesophagogastric surgery.DesignA qualitative study using focus group discussions and individual semi-structured interviews was conducted. All were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and data thematically analysed.SettingNorthern Oesophagogastric Unit, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Hospitals Foundation Trust.ParticipantsPatients with oesophagogastric cancer who participated in the ChemoFit intervention recruited between March 2020 and January 2021.InterventionA home-based physical activity and exercise intervention involving cardiovasular and strength exercise using resistance bands and pedometers to monitor step count. Weekly telephone calls provided feedback, support and positive reinforcement.ResultsTwenty-two participants (18 men, 4 women; aged 67±8 years old) took part in a focus group discussion (n=17) or a semi-structured interview (n=5). Fifteen themes were identified from the data generated. Participants reported that the intervention was physically and mentally beneficial, and data highlighted features of the intervention that influenced uptake and adherence. An opportunity to increase the likelihood of surviving the pending operation was reported by participants as the most salient factor to engagement, and using the intervention as a distraction from illness and taking steps to positively influence the situation were the most salient factors to adherence.ConclusionsUptake to the ChemoFit intervention was encouraged by provision of information that participation could reduce surgical risk and that participants could play an active role in risk reduction. Adherence was facilitated by the intervention being considered a positive distraction and participants being able to do something that could ultimately provide benefit. While participants reported difficulties and avoidance with some of the exercises recommended, understanding the importance of physical activity and exercise as part of their treatment regimen led to individual adaptations to intervention components to reach individual goals.Trial registration numberNCT04194463
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Hardcastle, Lesley, Terry Bartholomew, and Joe Graffam. "Legislative and Community Support for Offender Reintegration in Victoria." Deakin Law Review 16, no. 1 (August 1, 2011): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dlr2011vol16no1art96.
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The status of offender rehabilitation has been influenced by the prevailing social climate, the promotion of ways to improve rehabilitation’s efficacy, and the well documented cycling of correctional imperatives. A renewed interest in offender transitions and reintegration has been apparent in recent years and most western correctional systems now feature policies and/or programs that address issues relating to the housing, employment, education and the broader ‘resettlement’ of offenders. However, this movement of correctional imperatives into the ‘social’ realm brings considerable challenges. Perhaps most significantly, the achievement of reintegration is dependent on juridical and community support in ways that other sentencing goals are not. Given the array of understandings of what ‘reintegration’ actually is, the abundance of programs claiming such a focus, and the reliance that reintegrative ideas have on community support, measuring the extent and nature of such support is seen as a useful exercise. With the above in mind, the goal of this paper is to identify legislative and community obstacles to the success of reintegrative ideals and policies. The paper first examines relevant legislation for references to reintegrative notions, finding a legislative ambivalence about such ideas. It then presents findings from a Victoria-wide survey of community views about the reintegration of ex-offenders. Participants in the community survey (n = 2635) were asked for their views about sentencing objectives, and the nature of their support for employment and housing initiatives. The results showed low levels of overall support for reintegration, with numerous more subtle distinctions being evident. The data also identify numerous areas where reintegrative programs are likely to be more readily accepted. The findings also indicate a need for targeted research into the correlates of community readiness for specific aspects of offender reintegration, and underlines the need for community education about the social implications of effective reintegration policies for urban, regional and rural communities.
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Mpomwenda, Veronica, Tumi Tómasson, Jón Geir Pétursson, Anthony Taabu-Munyaho, Herbert Nakiyende, and Daði Mar Kristófersson. "Adaptation Strategies to a Changing Resource Base: Case of the Gillnet Nile Perch Fishery on Lake Victoria in Uganda." Sustainability 14, no. 4 (February 18, 2022): 2376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14042376.
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Sustainable management of fisheries has proven to be a daunting exercise for Lake Victoria. Exploitation patterns in the fishery are driven by fishers who adopt different strategies as a response to changing economic, management, socio-economic, and resource conditions. Fisheries managers, however, seldom consider these changes in management policies. The aim of the study, therefore, was to evaluate the adaptation strategies of the Nile perch gillnet fishers on Lake Victoria in Uganda using 8-year catch and effort data collected in the period from 2005 to 2015. Trends of the selected effort and catch variables in the study period identified two adaptive fishing strategies by gillnet fishers on the lake. The first group, the paddled fishermen whose gillnet use varied in the first half of the study, diverted to harvesting juvenile Nile perch by using smaller, mesh sizes, monofilament nets and gillnets of less depth in the second half of the study. Motorized fishers, on the other hand, maintained their mesh size, using multifilament gillnets, however, they increased the depth of their nets in the second half of the study period to maintain their targeted fish size. Fishers on Lake Victoria adapted strategies to cope with their constraints and opportunities based on the Nile perch population structure and their economic needs. It is important for fishery managers to consider that the fishers are an integral part of the fisheries ecosystems, and considering their behavior in management decisions will aid in devising adaptive policies for sustainable resource use and sustainable livelihood development of the fishers’ communities.
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Bastani, Amir, and Colin Gavaghan. "Challenges to "a Most Dangerous Doctrine" or a "Fantastic Theory" of Volitional Insanity." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 47, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v47i4.4788.
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In theory, an insanity defence can take two forms: the cognitive form (C-insanity) and the volitional form (V-insanity). The defence of C-insanity recognises that a disordered state of mind can make the ability to understand the nature of an action impossible. On the other hand, V-insanity is recognised in some common law jurisdictions, such as all jurisdictions in Australia except for Victoria and New South Wales, and is a full defence. It recognises that a disordered state of mind can make the exercise of self-control impossible. However, that disordered state of mind does not necessarily affect the understanding of the nature of the act impossible.
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Bruton, Crystal, and Danielle Tyson. "Leaving violent men: A study of women’s experiences of separation in Victoria, Australia." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 51, no. 3 (December 7, 2017): 339–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865817746711.
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Despite decades of feminist efforts to educate the community about, and improve responses to, domestic violence, public attitudes towards domestic violence continue to misunderstand women’s experiences of violence. Underlying such responses is the stock standard question, ‘Why doesn’t she leave?’ This question points to a lack of understanding about the impacts and threat of violence from an abusive partner on women’s decisions to leave the relationship. Moreover, it places sole responsibility for ending the relationship squarely upon women, assuming women are presented with numerous opportunities to leave a violent relationship and erroneously assumes the violence will cease once they do leave. This study explores women’s experiences of separating from an abusive, male partner through women’s narratives (n = 12) in Victoria, Australia. Findings reveal that fear was a complex influencing factor impacting upon women’s decision-making throughout the leaving process. The findings show that women seek to exercise agency within the context of their abusers’ coercively controlling tactics by strategically attempting to manage the constraints placed on their decision-making and partner’s repeated attempts to reassert dominance and control.
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Wilson, Fiona, Margaret Walshe, Tom O’Dwyer, Kathleen Bennett, David Mockler, and Christopher Bleakley. "Exercise, orthoses and splinting for treating Achilles tendinopathy: a systematic review with meta-analysis." British Journal of Sports Medicine 52, no. 24 (August 31, 2018): 1564–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-098913.
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ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy of exercise, orthoses and splinting on function, pain and quality of life (QoL) for the management of mid-portion and insertional Achilles tendinopathy, and to compare different types, applications and modes of delivery within each intervention category.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesMedline, CINAHL, Embase, AMED, WHO ICTRP, Web of Science, PEDro and Cochrane Library from inception to October 2017. Citation tracking of published studies and conference proceedings and contacting experts in the field.Study eligibility criteriaControlled clinical trials evaluating either exercise, orthoses or splinting for the management of Achilles tendinopathy.MethodsIndependent reviewers undertook searches, screening and risk of bias appraisal. Primary outcomes of interest were function, pain and QoL.ResultsTwenty-two studies were included (1137 participants). Moderate level evidence favoured eccentric exercise over control for improving pain and function in mid-portion tendinopathy. Moderate level evidence favoured eccentric exercise over concentric exercise for reducing pain. There was moderate level evidence of no significant difference in pain or function between eccentric exercise and heavy slow resistance exercise. There was low level evidence that eccentric exercise was not superior to stretching for pain or QoL. There was moderate level evidence that a combined exercise protocol was not superior to a lower dosage protocol for improving functional performance. There was moderate to low level evidence of a significant difference in pain (mean difference (MD) 6.3 mm, 95% CI −4.45 to 17.04, moderate) or function (MD 1.83 Victoria Institute of Sport Assessment points, 95% CI −7.47 to 11.12, low) between high-dose and low-dose eccentric training. There was high to moderate level evidence of no difference in pain (moderate) or function (high) between orthoses and control. There was low level evidence of no significant benefit in adding a night splint to an eccentric exercise programme for function, and moderate level evidence for no reduction in pain (MD −3.50, 95% CI −10.49 to 3.48). Eccentric exercise was not superior to splinting for pain (moderate evidence) or function (low level evidence).SummaryWe conditionally recommend exercise for improving pain and function in mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy. The balance of evidence did not support recommendation of one type of exercise programme over another. We conditionally recommend against the addition of a splint to an eccentric exercise protocol and we do not recommend the use of orthoses to improve pain and function in Achilles tendinopathy.
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Dennett, Amy M., Katherine E. Harding, Casey L. Peiris, Nora Shields, Christian Barton, Lauren Lynch, Phillip Parente, David Lim, and Nicholas F. Taylor. "Efficacy of Group Exercise–Based Cancer Rehabilitation Delivered via Telehealth (TeleCaRe): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial." JMIR Research Protocols 11, no. 7 (July 18, 2022): e38553. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/38553.
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Background Access to rehabilitation to support cancer survivors to exercise is poor. Group exercise–based rehabilitation may be delivered remotely, but no trials have currently evaluated their efficacy. Objective We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a group exercise–based cancer rehabilitation program delivered via telehealth compared to usual care for improving the quality of life of cancer survivors. Methods A parallel, assessor-blinded, pragmatic randomized controlled trial with embedded cost and qualitative analysis will be completed. In total, 116 cancer survivors will be recruited from a metropolitan health network in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The experimental group will attend an 8-week, twice-weekly, 60-minute exercise group session supervised via videoconferencing supplemented by a web-based home exercise program and information portal. The comparison group will receive usual care including standardized exercise advice and written information. Assessments will be completed at weeks 0 (baseline), 9 (post intervention), and 26 (follow-up). The primary outcome will be health-related quality of life measured using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire at week 9. Secondary measures include walking capacity (6-minute walk test), physical activity (activPAL accelerometer), self-efficacy (Health Action Process Approach Questionnaire), and adverse events. Health service data including hospital length of stay, hospital readmissions, and emergency department presentations will be recorded. Semistructured interviews will be completed within an interpretive description framework to explore the patient experience. The primary outcome will be analyzed using linear mixed effects models. A cost-effectiveness analysis will also be performed. Results The trial commenced in April 2022. As of June 2022, we enrolled 14 participants. Conclusions This trial will inform the future implementation of cancer rehabilitation by providing important data about efficacy, safety, cost, and patient experience. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12621001417875; https://tinyurl.com/yc5crwtr International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/38553
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Finch, Caroline F., Shannon E. Gray, Muhammad Akram, Alex Donaldson, David G. Lloyd, and Jill L. Cook. "Controlled ecological evaluation of an implemented exercise-training programme to prevent lower limb injuries in sport: population-level trends in hospital-treated injuries." British Journal of Sports Medicine 53, no. 8 (September 14, 2018): 487–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099488.
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ObjectiveExercise-training programmes have reduced lower limb injuries in trials, but their population-level effectiveness has not been reported in implementation trials. This study aimed to demonstrate that routinely collected hospital data can be used to evaluate population-level programme effectiveness.MethodA controlled ecological design was used to evaluate the effect of FootyFirst, an exercise-training programme, on the number of hospital-treated lower limb injuries sustained by males aged 16–50 years while participating in community-level Australian Football. FootyFirst was implemented with ‘support’ (FootyFirst+S) or ‘without support’ (FootyFirst+NS) in different geographic regions of Victoria, Australia: 22 clubs in region 1: FootyFirst+S in 2012/2013; 25 clubs in region 2: FootyFirst+NS in 2012/2013; 31 clubs region 3: control in 2012, FootyFirst+S in 2013. Interrupted time-series analysis compared injury counts across regions and against trends in the rest of Victoria.ResultsAfter 1 year of FootyFirst+S, there was a non-statistically significant decline in the number of lower limb injuries in region 1 (2012) and region 3 (2013); this was not maintained after 2 years in region 1. Compared with before FootyFirst in 2006–2011, injury count changes at the end of 2013 were: region 1: 20.0% reduction (after 2 years support); region 2: 21.5% increase (after 2 years without support); region 3: 21.8% increase (after first year no programme, second year programme with support); rest of Victoria: 12.6% increase.ConclusionEcological analyses using routinely collected hospital data show promise as the basis of population-level programme evaluation. The implementation and sustainability of sports injury prevention programmes at the population-level remains challenging.
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Naccarella, Lucio, Theonie Tacticos, Jane Sims, and Maria Potiriadis. "Capacity building initiatives within the Divisions of General Practice setting in Victoria, Australia." Australian Journal of Primary Health 11, no. 2 (2005): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py05031.
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The General Practice Education, Support and Community Linkages Program (the Program) supported uptake of the Enhanced Primary Care (EPC) Medicare Benefits Schedule items. A goal underpinning the Program was to build the capacity of Divisions of General Practice to support GPs' EPC item usage. Capacity building was operationalised as: workforce development, organisational development, and resource allocation. This paper reports on the extent to which the Program built the Divisions' capacity to support GPs' EPC item usage. Telephone interviews were conducted with participating Division Chief Executive Officers (CEOs), EPC Coordinators and GP Trainers. Division CEOs, EPC Coordinators and GP trainers corroborated that the Program contributed to Divisions' capacity to support GPs' EPC item usage. Responses reflected interviewees' respective roles and position in Divisions. Given CEOs' strategic roles, they were more positive about the Program, EPC Coordinators and GP Trainers were less positive, given their pragmatic roles. It appeared that respondents had not explicitly considered the Program as a capacity building exercise. We infer that they may have been too close to implementation to see the Program's overarching policy and strategy. The evaluation highlighted the importance of implementing and evaluating capacity building initiatives explicitly using capacity building frameworks. To assist program sustainability, future schemes in the general practice setting would benefit from an explicit reference to capacity building in their stated objectives.
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Fookes, Bram. "Canadian Veteran's Headstones and What They Can Tell Us." General: Brock University Undergraduate Journal of History 7 (April 11, 2022): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/tg.v7i1.3692.
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This paper was an exercise that stepped outside of my comfort zone, as an undergraduate history student, by gathering data in the field before contextualizing it with a healthy dose of library research. This task involved visiting a cemetery, determining a research question and then answering it by gathering data on site before contextualizing the findings with existing sources. The synthesis of gathering one’s own data and supporting it with a more traditional exploration of secondary research before expressing unique findings was an exhilarating experience. This paper explores the information gathered from Canadian Veterans headstones found in the Victoria Lawn Cemetery in St. Catharines, Ontario while focusing on key variables such as age at death, distribution of service branches, and religious affiliations present on the headstones.
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Steel, C., and A. Morrice-West. "A survey of trainers on the use of swimming and other water-based exercise for Thoroughbred racehorses in Australia." Comparative Exercise Physiology 15, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/cep190012.
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We aimed to determine the extent of use of water-based exercise and to describe swimming training practices in Thoroughbred racehorses in Victoria, Australia. A convenience sample of 118 trainers were interviewed, information relating to swimming protocols, perceived benefits and contra-indications, and use of other water-based exercise recorded and descriptive data analyses performed. Water-based exercise was used by 85.6% (n=101) trainers: 82.2% (n=97) swimming, 25.4% (n=30) using a water walker, 13.6% (n=16) incorporating ridden trotting (‘surging’) exercise in chest deep water, and 1.7% (n=2) using an underwater treadmill. Common reasons (and trainer %) for swimming were training variety and mental ‘freshness’ (62.9%), part of the exercise regime on ‘slow’ days (61.9%) and fitness benefits (60.8%). These horses swam a median of 50-90 m (ranging from a minimum of 40-180 m to a maximum of 40-450 m), continuously or as intervals, after track work, once or twice daily a median 3 days/week (range 0.5-7). Swimming for 50 (range 40-120 m) to 90 m (range 40-200 m) before track work 7 days/week (range 3-7) was used by 43 of the 97 trainers (44.3%) to manage horses prone to exertional rhabdomyolysis. Swimming was used to replace fast work by three trainers who swam horses with limb injuries up to 270-450 m. Common reasons (and % trainers) for not swimming individual horses were demeanour/distress (73.2%), previous swim colic (35.1%) or exercise induced pulmonary haemorrhage (35.1%) although only five trainers had ever seen epistaxis after swimming exercise. Swimming is widely used in training Thoroughbred horses in Australia yet trainer opinions particularly on fitness benefits, contra-indications and protocols vary widely and need to be scientifically validated. Diversifying training activities is a common strategy for managing racehorses in training, yet a better understanding of the best use of swimming and other cross-training options is needed so that evidence-based recommendations can be made.
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Marr, Calum, Eleftheria Vaportzis, Malwina A. Niechcial, Michaela Dewar, and Alan J. Gow. "Measuring activity engagement in old age: An exploratory factor analysis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (December 6, 2021): e0260996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260996.
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A growing body of literature suggests that higher engagement in a range of activities can be beneficial for cognitive health in old age. Such studies typically rely on self-report questionnaires to assess level of engagement. These questionnaires are highly heterogeneous across studies, limiting generalisability. In particular, the most appropriate domains of activity engagement remain unclear. The Victoria Longitudinal Study-Activity Lifestyle Questionnaire comprises one of the broadest and most diverse collections of activity items, but different studies report different domain structures. This study aimed to help establish a generalisable domain structure of the Victoria Longitudinal Study-Activity Lifestyle Questionnaire. The questionnaire was adapted for use in a sample of UK-based older adults (336 community-dwelling adults aged 65–92 with no diagnosed cognitive impairment). An exploratory factor analysis was conducted on 29 items. The final model retained 22 of these items in a six-factor structure. Activity domains were: Manual (e.g., household repairs), Intellectual (e.g., attending a public lecture), Games (e.g., card games), Religious (e.g., attending religious services), Exercise (e.g., aerobics) and Social (e.g., going out with friends). Given that beneficial activities have the potential to be adapted into interventions, it is essential that future studies consider the most appropriate measurement of activity engagement across domains. The factor structure reported here offers a parsimonious and potentially useful way for future studies to assess engagement in different kinds of activities.
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Condo, Dominique, Rachel Lohman, Monica Kelly, and Amelia Carr. "Nutritional Intake, Sports Nutrition Knowledge and Energy Availability in Female Australian Rules Football Players." Nutrients 11, no. 5 (April 28, 2019): 971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11050971.
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This study aimed to assess nutritional intake, sports nutrition knowledge and risk of Low Energy Availability (LEA) in female Australian rules football players. Victorian Football League Women’s competition (VFLW) players (n = 30) aged 18–35 (weight: 64.5 kg ± 8.0; height: 168.2 cm ± 7.6) were recruited from Victoria, Australia. Nutritional intake was quantified on training days using the Automated 24 h Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24-Australia), and sports nutrition knowledge was measured by the 88-item Sports Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (SNKQ). The risk of LEA was assessed using the Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire (LEAF-Q). Daily mean carbohydrate intake in the current investigation was 3 g⋅kg−1⋅d−1, therefore, below the minimum carbohydrate recommendation for moderate exercise of approximately one hour per day (5–7 g⋅kg−1⋅d−1) and for moderate to intense exercise for 1–3 h per day (6–10 g⋅kg−1⋅d−1) for 96.3% and 100% of players, respectively. Daily mean protein intake was 1.5 g⋅kg−1⋅d−1, therefore, consistent with recommendations (1.2–2.0 g⋅kg−1⋅d−1) for 77.8% of players. Daily mean calcium intake was 924.8 mg⋅d−1, therefore, below recommendations (1000 mg⋅d−1) for 65.5% of players, while mean iron intake was 12.2 mg⋅d−1, also below recommendations (18 mg⋅d−1) for 100% of players. Players answered 54.5% of SNKQ questions correctly, with the lowest scores observed in the section on supplements. Risk of LEA was evident in 30% of players, with no differences in carbohydrate (p = 0.238), protein (p = 0.296), fat (p = 0.490) or energy (p = 0.971) intakes between players at risk of LEA and those not at risk. The results suggest that female Australian rules football players have an inadequate intake of carbohydrate and calcium and low sports nutrition knowledge. Further investigation to assess the risk of LEA using direct measures is required.
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Sulaiman, Iman, and Ahmad Rizaldy Fajrin. "PENGEMBANGAN MODEL LATIHAN MENYERANG PADA PERMAINAN BOLA BASKET." GLADI JURNAL ILMU KEOLAHRAGAAN 9, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/gjik.091.06.
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The objective of the research and development of the training model is to attack on the game of basketball. In addition, research and development is conducted to obtain in-depth information about the development and implementation of the exercise model and to know the effectiveness, efficiency of the model made.This research and development uses Research & Development (R & D) development methods from Borg and Gall. The subjects in this research and development are 2 different two place clubs of Victoria basketball club, Level Up basketball club.The model effectiveness test uses a test instrument to collect the basketball player's ability data. Analysis of research data using t test with significance level of 0.05. Analysis of data obtained average attack value before given model of attacking exercise is 61.0455 or 61 and after being given treatment with attacking model 75.5909 or 75.6. In the test of significance difference with SPSS 16 can result t-count = -29,567 db = 44 and p-value = 0.00 <0.05 which means there is a significant difference in the ability to attack before and after being given an attacking training model on basketball game that with a significance level of 0.05 then H0 is rejected. Based on the description it can be concluded that the training model attack on basket game developed that can be applied effectively and efficiently so that it can increase attack on basketball players.
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Harrán, Don. "Dedication and Labelling Practices in Seventeenth-Century Instrumental Music: the Case of Marco Uccellini." Royal Musical Association Research Chronicle 45 (2014): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14723808.2014.887282.
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Marco Uccellini (1610–80) published seven instrumental collections, four in the 1630s–40s and three in the 1660s. About one third of the works, 92 to be exact, carry titles or labels of various kinds. After preliminary information on the composer and his instrumental works (section 1), the author considers his dedication practices as an exercise in morphology and typology (section 2). He then turn to opus 4 (1645). Beyond having Uccellini's first examples of solo sonatas, six in all, the opus warrants attention for the inscriptions, in the six, to various women, e.g. a triumphant Victoria, a satisfied Luciminia and a shining Laura; Uccellini may have drawn some of them from literary and historical sources (section 3). Assuming that the information gleaned from the titles to Uccellini's works can serve as a measuring rod for those in others' works, the author summarizes the questions that apply methodologically to the study of dedications in the seventeenth-century instrumental literature at large (section 4).
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Hughes, Emma, Susanne Kean, and Fiona Cuthill. "Fluctuating power: an exploration of refugee health nursing within the resettlement context in Victoria, Australia." Journal of Research in Nursing 27, no. 3 (May 2022): 217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17449871221083786.
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Background The Refugee Health Program (RHP) is a nurse-led community initiative, introduced in 2005 with the aim of responding to complex health issues of refugees arriving in Victoria, Australia. Little is known about refugee health nursing in the resettlement context and the impact of dedicated refugee healthcare. Aim To explore the experiences and perspectives of Refugee Health Nurses (RHNs), Refugee Health Managers (managers) and refugees, gaining insight into professional relationships and the complexities of offering a specialised refugee health service. Method A focused ethnographic approach incorporated semi-structured interviews with five RHNs, two managers and eight refugees, two focus groups with refugees and participant observation within the RHP during April 2017 to December 2017. Data collection was undertaken across two sites and interviews, focus groups and observations were transcribed and thematically analysed. Social constructionism asserts that the focus of enquiry should be on interaction, group processes and social practices. Emphasis is placed upon relationships between RHNs, managers and refugees, with knowledge viewed as relational and interactional. Results Professional relationships between RHNs and refugees are complex, with power oscillating between them. Contrary to discourses of ‘vulnerability’ of refugees, both RHNs and refugees demonstrated power in their relationships with each other. Nurses also suggested that these relationships were stressful and could lead to burnout. Key themes were developed: (1) nursing autonomy and gatekeeping; (2) vicarious trauma and burnout; and (3) refugee negotiation of care. Conclusions The balance of power is central to therapeutic relationships. In relationships between RHNs and refugees, power fluctuates as RHNs are exposed to vicarious trauma and symptoms of burnout, while refugees exercise agency by recognising benefits to specialised care. In developing effective therapeutic relationships between RHNs and refugees, attention should be paid to how care is delivered to protect RHNs from burnout while ensuring that refugees receive appropriate care.
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Lahham, Aroub, Angela T. Burge, Christine F. McDonald, and Anne E. Holland. "How do healthcare professionals perceive physical activity prescription for community-dwelling people with COPD in Australia? A qualitative study." BMJ Open 10, no. 8 (August 2020): e035524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035524.
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ObjectivesClinical practice guidelines recommend that people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should be encouraged to increase their physical activity levels. However, it is not clear how these guidelines are applied in clinical practice. This study aimed to understand the perspectives of respiratory healthcare professionals on the provision of physical activity advice to people with COPD. These perspectives may shed light on the translation of physical activity recommendations into clinical practice.DesignA qualitative study using thematic analysis.SettingHealthcare professionals who provided care for people with COPD at two major tertiary referral hospitals in Victoria, Australia.Participants30 respiratory healthcare professionals including 12 physicians, 10 physical therapists, 4 nurses and 4 exercise physiologists.InterventionsSemistructured voice-recorded interviews were conducted, transcribed verbatim and analysed by two independent researchers using an inductive thematic analysis approach.ResultsHealthcare professionals acknowledged the importance of physical activity for people with COPD. They were conscious of low physical activity levels among such patients; however, few specifically addressed this in consultations. Physicians described limitations including time constraints, treatment prioritisation and perceived lack of expertise; they often preferred that physical therapists provide more comprehensive assessment and advice regarding physical activity. Healthcare professionals perceived that there were few evidence-based strategies to enhance physical activity. Physical activity was poorly differentiated from the prescription of structured exercise training. Although healthcare professionals were aware of physical activity guidelines, few were able to recall specific recommendations for people with COPD.ConclusionPractical strategies to enhance physical activity prescription may be required to encourage physical activity promotion in COPD care.
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Maylea, Christopher. "The capacity to consent to sex in mental health inpatient units." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 53, no. 11 (May 22, 2019): 1070–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867419850320.
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Objective: Discussions of capacity to consent in mental health care usually revolve around capacity to consent to treatment. This paper instead explores the issue of capacity to consent to sexual activity in a mental health inpatient setting as a way of exploring capacity from a different perspective. This is not a purely theoretical exercise, with both consensual sexual activity and sexual assault commonplace in mental health inpatient units, current policy and practice approaches are clearly not working and require re-examination. Methods: Four key frameworks are explored: human rights law, mental health law, the criminal law and the law of tort governing the duty of care. These frameworks are explored by highlighting relevant case law and statutes and considering their potential application in practice. This is undertaken using the state of Victoria, Australia, as a case study. Results: The four frameworks are shown to be consistent with each other but inconsistent with contemporary policy. All four legal frameworks explored require clinicians to take a case-by-case assessment to ensure that a person’s right to make their own decisions is preserved ‘ unless the contrary is demonstrably justified’ or where it is ‘ legally demanded’. While Victorian inpatient units attempt to enforce a blanket ban on consensual sexual activity in inpatient settings, this ban may be without legal basis and may be in breach of both human rights and mental health law. Conclusion: In policing the lawful bodily interactions of their patients and pushing sexual activity out of sight, clinicians may be breaching their duty of care to provide sexual health support and risk creating an environment in which the therapeutic relationship will be sacrificed to the enforcement of institutional policy. Clinicians and policymakers must understand the relevant legal frameworks to ensure that they are acting ethically and lawfully.
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Hahm, Jarang, Jun-Pyo Choi, Ghazal Ayoub, Sae-Hoon Kim, Eu Suk Kim, Ji Yun Noh, Joon Young Song, and Yoon-Seok Chang. "A novel digital device-based adjuvant-like effect for influenza vaccine: A feasibility and pilot study." Journal of Immunology 208, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2022): 116.02. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.116.02.
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Abstract Viral infections such as influenza and COVID-19 have a huge impact on humans. Previous studies showed that some exercise could enhance the anti-viral antibody titers after vaccination. We developed a novel digital device designed to enhance host immune system against viral infection by acting like adjuvants. The digital device, SAT-008, is a mobile application based on an algorithm to regulate physical activity. To assess the feasibility of SAT-008, a randomized, open-label, and controlled study was conducted for 13 weeks (Oct 20 to Jan 21). A total of 42 healthy adults (mostly healthcare workers) aged 24 to 46 years were recruited and finally 32 subjects served for analysis. A single-dose of quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine was administered for each subject. The control group maintained daily life without using SAT-008, while the experimental group (Exp) used SAT-008 during the study. As a result, compared to the controls, the Exp showed a significant increase in hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) titers of antigen subtype B Yamagata lineage after 4 weeks of vaccination and antigen subtype B Victoria lineage after 12 weeks of vaccination (P < 0.05), whereas the controls did not. As for type A influenza, there was no significant difference in HI titers between groups. In addition, the Exp was divided into high performers (HP) and low performers (LP) based on the adherence rate. The HP showed significantly higher HI titers of B Yamagata lineage in 12 weeks after vaccination than controls and LP (P < 0.05) and of B Victoria lineage than controls (P < 0.01). Our findings indicate a novel approach using digital device may play an important role to enhance host immune system to act as a vaccine adjuvant against viral diseases such as influenza. Supported by grants from S-Alpha Therapeutics, Inc.
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Ruíz, Sofía, Bella Pajares, Maria-Jose Bermejo-Perez, Cristina Roldán Jiménez, Antonio Cuesta Vargas, and Emilio Alba Conejo. "Effect of tailored and supervised therapeutic exercise in metastatic breast cancer patients: A prospective study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e13075-e13075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e13075.
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e13075 Background: The safety, feasibility and benefit of physical activity is robust in adjuvant breast cancer, but as far as we know, there is little information on the feasibility and benefit of exercise in women with advanced breast cancer. The objective of our study is to analyze the feasibility and impact on fatigue, quality of life and functionality of an individualized, prospective and supervised exercise program in a group of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Methods: A prospective study on 30 metastatic breast cancer patients who were recruited as volunteers between February 2018 and April 2019 by Medical Oncologists from the Medical Oncology Unit at University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Victoria (Malaga, Spain). Participants included in this study were patients aged between 34 and 71 years old and all had metastatic breast cancer, not amenable to curative treatment. The intervention was a twelve-week Therapeutic Exercise and Education Programme delivered by a physiotherapist. The intervention was preceded by a physical assessment of the musculoskeletal system. The outcomes were cancer-related fatigue, quality of life and functional outcomes (patient- reported and other measured by investigators). Results: Of the 30 patients initially recruited, only 11 of them completed the program with an attendance greater or equal to 17 sessions (75% of assistance). Most of patients who dropped (19), did it because of personal matters, not related to disease progression. Regarding patients who completed the completion of physical activity program (n = 11), the majority were treated on first line of treatment with hormonal receptors positive tumors and bone metastasis. After the intervention, no major changes were observed in cancer-related fatigue, quality of life and several patients-reported outcomes, although an improvement in functionality was observed, in investigator-measured parameters (30-STS and adapted burpees). Conclusions: Our study shows that a supervised and individualized tailored physical activity program in metastatic breast cancer patients is safe and feasible, although more studies are needed to analyse its impact on improving functional parameters, fatigue and quality of life.
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Davis, Lloyd. "Sexual Secrets and Social Knowledge: Henry James's The Sacred Fount." Victorian Literature and Culture 26, no. 2 (1998): 321–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150300002448.
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Henry James's Autobiography recalls a first vision of “vast portentous London” in 1855, and contrasts brother William's boredom to his own imaginative response to the city (Small Boy 157, 170–71). Having moved there, he feels that amid the “London scene” he can fully exercise his “intellectual curiosity,” feeding “on the great supporting and enclosing scene itself” (Middle Years 553, 564). A later announcement to William Dean Howells that “henceforth I must do, or half do, England in fiction” comes as no surprise (Letters 284). James would follow up his intention in half-a-dozen novels, gradually refining the treatment of broad aesthetic, moral, and political issues in The Tragic Muse and The Princess Casamassima to a more specific “form of social-scientific inquiry” into characters and their interactions (Mizruchi 119). The novels written during the last years of Victoria's reign — The Spoils of Poynton, What Maisie Knew, The Awkward Age, and The Sacred Fount — convey perceptions of crumbling social values, “the lost sense, the brutalized manner” (James, Notebooks 196), through close analysis of individuals' speech, actions, motives, and relationships. Indeed, James held that wider trends were summed up by the differences between the personal traits of Victoria and her heir. After the old queen's death, he voiced misgivings in various letters: whereas she had been “a kind of nursing mother of the land and of the empire,” Edward was “an arch-vulgarian,” whose accession seemed bound to bring “vulgarity and frivolity” (qtd. in Edel 2: 426). The tone is first gloomy, “It's a new era — and we don't know what it is,” and later resigned: “We live notoriously, as I suppose every age lives, in an ‘epoch of transition’ ” (Preface, Awkward Age 12). A strong conviction that personal and social behavior influence and signify each other informs such comments.
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Ruíz, Sofía, Bella Pajares, Marcos Iglesias Campos, Cristina Roldán Jiménez, Antonio Cuesta Vargas, and Emilio Alba Conejo. "Analysis of the fatigue benefit, functionality, and body composition of a program of therapeutic exercise and healthy lifestyle habits in patients breast cancer operated." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e12533-e12533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e12533.
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e12533 Background: Numerous studies support the benefit of physical exercise in breast cancer, with a lower rate of fatigue, lower risk of recurrence and greater survival. In addition, it prevents cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and obesity. The objective of this work is to analyze the effect of a program of physical exercise and habits of healthy life on fatigue, functionality and body composition in breast cancer patients of the Medical Oncology Unit of the Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga. Methods: Prospective study on 97 patients with breast cancer after completing locoregional treatment and systemic chemotherapy. Treatment with hormone therapy and trastuzumab was allowed. All patients were without disease, without cardiovascular history that contraindicated the program and have signed the relevant informed consent. The duration of the program was 3 months and the parameter measurement was performed before and after. The main objective was analyze cancer-related fatigue and secondary functional parameters, anthropometric and adherence to Mediterranean diet. Fatigue, parameters functional and adherence to Mediterranean diet were evaluated by tests specific and anthropometric by different measurements including use of Tanita TBF-300A. Results: 97 patients were recruited, with a median age of 52 years (32 and 69), 60% had received neo/adjuvant chemotherapy, 84% hormonal therapy and 12% trastuzumab. Most patients underwent conservative surgery. (76%). After 3 months of intervention, women improved significantly cancer-related fatigue (p = 0.000), levels of diet adherence Mediterranean (p = 0.000), as well as functional parameters. One was observed statistically significant improvement in limb functionality/mobility upper, lower limb and general functionality (p = 0.005, p = 0.013 and 0.000, respectively). No differences were observed in terms of mass index body, fat mass or lean mass. Conclusions: This study shows the benefit in functionality and fatigue of an exercise program therapeutic and healthy lifestyle habits in breast cancer operated patients. Despite a significant increase in adherence to the Mediterranean diet, it is not they observed differences in anthropometric parameters.
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Iglesias Campos, Marcos, Bella Pajares, Cristina Roldán Jiménez, Begona Jimenez, Emilio Alba, and Antonio Cuesta Vargas. "Feasibility and patient perception of a web-based exercise program during COVID pandemic in breast and ovarian cancer patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e13623-e13623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e13623.
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e13623 Background: Current literature shows us that therapeutic exercise has multiple benefits in oncology patients, such as improvement in quality of life or a reduction in cancer-related fatigue. Furthermore, given the risk of obesity, both exercise and diet play a key role in recovery from cancer. As a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, oncology patients present more difficulties to attend programs as they are considered a risk population, so new online exercise programs should be developed to ensure that patients take advantage of them in the post-COVID era. The main objective was to study patient´s perspectives and the feasibility of a web-based tailored and supervised therapeutic exercise program during COVID pandemic. Methods: A prospective study was performance on patients recruited from the Medical Oncology Unit of the Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga. Participants were between 18 and 65 years old and diagnosed of early resected breast cancer after finishing chemotherapy (CT) or metastatic ovarian (MOC) or breast cancer (MBC) with or without active treatment. Patients had had a good performance status (PS) with no prior cardiovascular history, and they were excluded if they were not used to online technologies. The duration of the program was 3 months, twice a week, delivered by a physiotherapist and a nutritionist. At the end of the program, women were asked 9 questions about their perspectives on the program. All of them signed informed consent. Results: 17 breast cancer survivor (BCS), 10 MBC and 3 MOC patients were initially recruited. From 30 patients recruited, 5 BCS did not started the program because of clinical contraindication and 5 patients left due to personal issues. 15 out of the remaining 20 completed the survey. All of patients reported that the program had contributed to improve their mood during the pandemic due to issues such functional ability, feeling better or less asthenia, and serving as improvement and encouragement in their lives. 86,7% reported having met their objectives and 100% reported going to continue doing some type of exercise or physical activity on a regular basis after the program is finished. Regarding advantages of online format compared to the face-to-face one, they reported avoiding displacement and lower risk of contagion. Lately, if they could participate again, 50% reported they would prefer online, while the remining 50% would prefer traditional modality. Conclusions: At the light of these results, the tele-exercise program contributed to improve the mood and fatigue of patients during the pandemic. The web-based program seems to be feasible and allow patients to meet their objectives after program completion and encourage them to keep doing some type of physical activity.
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Rawstorn, Jonathan Charles, Kylie Ball, Brian Oldenburg, Clara K. Chow, Sarah A. McNaughton, Karen Elaine Lamb, Lan Gao, et al. "Smartphone Cardiac Rehabilitation, Assisted Self-Management Versus Usual Care: Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare Effects and Costs Among People With Coronary Heart Disease." JMIR Research Protocols 9, no. 1 (January 27, 2020): e15022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15022.
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Background Alternative evidence-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) delivery models that overcome significant barriers to access and delivery are needed to address persistent low utilization. Models utilizing contemporary digital technologies could significantly improve reach and fidelity as complementary alternatives to traditional center-based programs. Objective The aim of this study is to compare the effects and costs of the innovative Smartphone Cardiac Rehabilitation, Assisted self-Management (SCRAM) intervention with usual care CR. Methods In this investigator-, assessor-, and statistician-blinded parallel 2-arm randomized controlled trial, 220 adults (18+ years) with coronary heart disease are being recruited from 3 hospitals in metropolitan and regional Victoria, Australia. Participants are randomized (1:1) to receive advice to engage with usual care CR or the SCRAM intervention. SCRAM is a 24-week dual-phase intervention that includes 12 weeks of real-time remote exercise supervision and coaching from exercise physiologists, which is followed by 12 weeks of data-driven nonreal-time remote coaching via telephone. Both intervention phases include evidence- and theory-based multifactorial behavior change support delivered via smartphone push notifications. Outcomes assessed at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks include maximal aerobic exercise capacity (primary outcome at 24 weeks), modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, exercise adherence, secondary prevention self-management behaviors, health-related quality of life, and adverse events. Economic and process evaluations will determine cost-effectiveness and participant perceptions of the treatment arms, respectively. Results The trial was funded in November 2017 and received ethical approval in June 2018. Recruitment began in November 2018. As of September 2019, 54 participants have been randomized into the trial. Conclusions The innovative multiphase SCRAM intervention delivers real-time remote exercise supervision and evidence-based self-management behavioral support to participants, regardless of their geographic proximity to traditional center-based CR facilities. Our trial will provide unique and valuable information about effects of SCRAM on outcomes associated with cardiac and all-cause mortality, as well as acceptability and cost-effectiveness. These findings will be important to inform health care providers about the potential for innovative program delivery models, such as SCRAM, to be implemented at scale, as a complement to existing CR programs. The inclusion of a cohort comprising metropolitan-, regional-, and rural-dwelling participants will help to understand the role of this delivery model across health care contexts with diverse needs. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN): 12618001458224; anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=374508. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/15022
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Rauw, Jennifer Marie, Sunil Parimi, Nikita Ivanov, Jessica Noble, Eugenia Wu, Monita Sundar, Jennifer Goulart, and Celestia S. Higano. "The evolution of the education module for men with metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) in the prostate cancer supportive care (PCSC) program." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 28_suppl (October 1, 2021): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.39.28_suppl.279.
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279 Background: The PCSC Program was initiated in 2013 at the Vancouver Prostate Centre to provide a comprehensive program for patients and partners with prostate cancer. This program provides educational sessions (ES) and clinical services, including decision-making for primary therapy, sexual health, pelvic floor physiotherapy, hormone therapy, counseling, exercise, and nutrition for patients in BC, Canada. In 2016, the PCSC Program expanded to BC Cancer Victoria and in 2017 to other BC Cancer sites. In 2018, medical oncologists (MDs) in Victoria (JR, SP) developed an Education Module addressing treatment options for men with metastatic hormone sensitive (mHSPC) and metastatic castration resistant (mCRPC) disease. MDs delivered in-person ES in Victoria in 2018 and, in 2019, added a virtual platform (VP) option. From 3-5/2020, the ESs were on hold due to the COVID pandemic and parental leaves. In 6/2020, the ESs resumed only on VP, and the PCSC Oncology Nurse Practitioner (NP), NI, gave the presentations for the MDs on leave. In 10/2020, due to a changing standard of care for mHSPC, the PCSC team consolidated the two ESs into one. We report on the evolution of this Education Module in response to both the changing standard of care and the COVID pandemic. Methods: We prospectively collected attendance and patient characteristic metrics from all ES for men with mPC. We tracked presenter type (MD vs. NP) and prospectively collected anonymous patient satisfaction questionnaires. Results: From 1/2018 to 1/2021, 100 men registered for 27 ES; 81 men, 41 partners, and 2 family members actually attended. 48/75 (64%) men were white, 39/75 (52%) retired, and 56/75 (74.7%) married. 47 men attended 12 mHSPC ES, 13 men attended ten mCRPC ES, and 17 attended four consolidated ES. MDs presented 15 ES, and the NP presented 12 ES. Responses to questions on 70 satisfaction surveys were similar for MD vs. NP presenters. 9 responders to the recently added VP-specific questions said they agreed (4) or strongly agreed (5) that it was beneficial to watch the ES at home on a computer. The Table below shows attendance per site per year. Conclusions: The ESs for men with mPC were well-received. Although there was a VP option before COVID, attendance increased significantly after the lockdown as patients and providers became more familiar with VPs. Satisfaction surveys confirmed that an NP could deliver the ES rather than MD. Consolidation of the mHSPC and mCRPC ES reflected the changing standard of care and resulted in more efficient use of presenter time. Virtual delivery of the sessions provided greater access to those living in distant or remote areas of the province and those in lockdown during the COVID pandemic. [Table: see text]
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Wallis, Christopher, Hilary L. Nelson, and P. J. Pommerville. "Testosterone deficiency syndrome and cardiovascular health: An assessment of beliefs, knowledge and practice of general practitioners and cardiologists in Victoria, BC." Canadian Urological Association Journal 8, no. 1-2 (February 10, 2014): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.1448.
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Introduction: Testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS) has been shown to be an independent cardiovascular risk factor and a predisposing factor for metabolic syndrome. As general practitioners and cardiologists primarily care for these patients, we sought to assess their knowledge, beliefs and practice patterns with respect to TDS and cardiac health.Methods: We distributed a questionnaire to all 20 cardiologists and a cohort of 128 family practitioners in Victoria, British Columbia. Of the 13 questions, 10 assessed knowledge and beliefs on TDS and 3 assessed current practice patterns.Results: Most respondents believed that TDS is a medical condition (66.7%) and could negatively affect body composition (62%), buta similar majority was unsure whether it was a cardiac risk factor (66.7%). While most believed that testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) could improve exercise tolerance (62%), most were unsure if it was beneficial in cardiac patients. Cardiologists were significantly less likely to believe that TRT was beneficial in preventing recurrent myocardial infarction and improving myocardial perfusion (p = 0.0133, 0.00186, respectively). The vast majority (88%) did not screen cardiac patients for TDS. If a patient was identified as having TDS, only 10% of those surveyed would refer these patients to a urologist.Conclusion: Despite its prevalence in cardiac patients, TDS is not well-understood by general practitioners and cardiologists; they lack knowledge on its deleterious cardiovascular effects. In their role as men’s health advocates, urologists should educate our colleagues regarding the correlation between TDS and cardiovascular mortality and risk factors. Limitations of this study include small sample size and restricted geographic scope.
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Iglesias Campos, Marcos, Bella Pajares, Cristina Roldán Jiménez, Maria-Jose Bermejo-Perez, Emilio Alba, and Antonio Cuesta Vargas. "Functional status of patients suffering from ovarian cancer: A cross-sectional study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e17556-e17556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e17556.
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e17556 Background: Physical activity displays multiple benefits in oncology patients, with the strongest evidence related to breast cancer. But there is little information about patient with ovarian cancer, even less in those who are metastatic. The main objective of this study was to assess and describe the performance´s in patients suffering from ovarian cancer in terms of function and cancer-related fatigue (CRF). Methods: Patients willing to join therapeutic exercise program (TEP) were at the Medical Oncology Unit of the Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga. A physiotherapist carried out an interview and a baseline assessment. The following outcomes were recorded: number of repetitions (n) performed in 30 seconds sit-to-stand test (30-STS), handgrip strength (Kg), cancer related fatigue (CRF) measured by Piper Fatigue Scale (0-10), upper and lower limb function measured by Upper Limb Functional Index (ULFI) and Lower Upper Limb Functional Index (LLFI), respectively (%). Results: Patients recruited had a diagnosed of an advanced ovarian cancer receiving or not active treatment. All participants had a good performance status (PS) and signed informed consent. 8 women were included, with a mean age of 52.66 (9.53) years and a mean BMI of 27.22 (4.56) kg/m2. Women performed 22 (4.24) repetitions of 30-STS test. Handgrip strength was 22 (2.7) Kg and CRF 5.43 (2.91) points. Patients reported 64.81% (34.65) and 66.83% (37.91) in ULFI and LLFI questionnaires, respectively. Conclusions: At the light of these preliminary results, ovarian cancer patients present a good level of function measured by 30-STS and a good grip strength. However, they report a moderate level of CRF and affected upper and lower limbs function. In additions, patients measured had function enough to participate in a therapeutic exercise program. Given the heterogeneity of the sample and its low number of participants, future studies with a wider sample should be carried out.
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Farmer, Erin, Nicole Papadopoulos, Chloe Emonson, Ian Fuelscher, Caterina Pesce, Jane McGillivray, Christian Hyde, Lisa Olive, and Nicole Rinehart. "A Preliminary Investigation of the Relationship between Motivation for Physical Activity and Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties in Children Aged 8–12 Years: The Role of Autonomous Motivation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (August 3, 2020): 5584. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155584.
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While motivation for physical activity (PA) and PA participation have been linked, research on the relationship between motivation for PA and mental health outcomes is scant, with studies involving children largely underrepresented. Grounded in self-determination theory, this cross-sectional study aimed to determine whether autonomous motivation versus external motivation (a form of controlled motivation) for PA is associated with fewer emotional and behavioural difficulties and higher levels of PA in children. A sample of 87 children (aged 8–12 years) were recruited from five primary schools in Victoria, Australia. An adapted version of the Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ) was used to measure motivation for PA and structured parent-report questions were used to assess moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) levels. Parents also completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to measure children’s emotional and behavioural difficulties. Children’s autonomous motivation was associated with fewer emotional and behavioural difficulties (β = −0.25, p = 0.038) and higher levels of MVPA (β = 0.24, p = 0.014). These results indicate autonomous motivation is associated with improved mental health outcomes and higher levels of PA in children. Thus, PA interventions that promote autonomous motivation may enhance children’s mental health compared to interventions that promote mainly controlled forms of motivation.
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Finley, James K., and Suzanne Huot. "Interspecific Mate Choice and Hybridism in the Bufflehead, Bucephala albeola." Canadian Field-Naturalist 124, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v124i1.1026.
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Observations of a male Bufflehead (Bucephela albeola) paired with a female Common Goldeneye (Bucephela clangula) in northern Alberta in 1995 and of a hybrid male Common Goldeneye × Bufflehead photographed near Victoria, British Columbia, in March 2009 provide the first combined evidence of interspecific mate choice and out-crossing in Bucephala albeola. Since 1999, there have been at least 10 unofficial records, including photographs, of Common Goldeneye × Bufflehead hybrids posted on the Internet, as well as 6 records of hybridization with Hooded Mergansers (Lophodytes cucullatus). In all cases, where evident in Common Goldeneye × Buffleheads, gold eyes and pink feet were expressed and social affiliation was with Common Goldeneyes, suggesting matrilineage with that species. Because most attention is given to the hybrid - and to male hybrids at that - rather than to the progenitors, the theory of mate attraction, through sexual imprinting of males, is biased toward the paternal viewpoint. It appears that there is more plasticity in mate choice, particularly by the female. The opportunity to observe mate choice is much rarer than the hybrid outcome, while the odds of the latter have increased many fold in the last decade due to advances in Internet communication and digital photography. This exercise illustrates the ability of the Internet to amplify the prevalence of rare phenomena many fold over historical records.
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Sanya, Richard E., Irene Andia Biraro, Margaret Nampijja, Christopher Zziwa, Carol Nanyunja, Denis Nsubuga, Samuel Kiwanuka, et al. "Contrasting impact of rural, versus urban, living on glucose metabolism and blood pressure in Uganda." Wellcome Open Research 5 (February 25, 2020): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15616.1.
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Background: The burden of cardiometabolic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, is increasing in sub-Saharan Africa and this has been linked to urbanisation. Helminths, through their immunomodulatory properties, may protect against these disorders. We hypothesised that the rural environment protects against cardiometabolic diseases and that helminths may influence rural-urban disparity of cardiometabolic disease risk. Methods: We compared metabolic parameters of individuals aged ≥10 years living in rural, high-helminth-transmission and urban, lower-helminth-transmission settings in Uganda. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in rural Lake Victoria island communities and in urban sub-wards in Entebbe municipality. Helminth infection and outcomes, including insulin resistance (computed using the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]), fasting blood glucose, fasting blood lipids, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumference, were assessed. Results: We analysed 1,898 rural and 930 urban participants. Adjusting for BMI, exercise, smoking, alcohol intake, age and sex, urban residents had lower mean fasting glucose (adjusted mean difference [95%CI] -0.13 [-0.24, -0.01] p=0.04) and HOMA-IR (-0.13 [-0.25, -0.01] p=0.04) but higher blood pressure (systolic, 4.64 [3.23, 6.06] p<0.001; diastolic, 1.89 [0.81, 2.97] p=0.001). Current helminth infection did not explain the observed differences. Conclusions: In low-income countries, rural living may protect against hypertension but impair glucose metabolism.
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Sanya, Richard E., Irene Andia Biraro, Margaret Nampijja, Christopher Zziwa, Carol Nanyunja, Denis Nsubuga, Samuel Kiwanuka, et al. "Contrasting impact of rural, versus urban, living on glucose metabolism and blood pressure in Uganda." Wellcome Open Research 5 (August 24, 2020): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15616.2.
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Background: The burden of cardiometabolic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, is increasing in sub-Saharan Africa and this has been linked to urbanisation. Helminths, through their immunomodulatory properties, may protect against these disorders. We hypothesised that the rural environment protects against cardiometabolic diseases and that helminths may influence rural-urban disparity of cardiometabolic disease risk. Methods: We compared metabolic parameters of individuals aged ≥10 years living in rural, high-helminth-transmission and urban, lower-helminth-transmission settings in Uganda. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in rural Lake Victoria island fishing communities and in urban sub-wards in Entebbe municipality. Helminth infection and outcomes, including insulin resistance (computed using the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]), fasting blood glucose, fasting blood lipids, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumference, were assessed. Results: We analysed 1,898 rural and 930 urban participants. Adjusting for BMI, exercise, smoking, alcohol intake, age and sex, urban residents had lower mean fasting glucose (adjusted mean difference [95%CI] 0.18 [-0.32, -0.05] p=0.01) and HOMA-IR (-0.26 [-0.40, -0.11] p=0.001) but higher blood pressure (systolic, 5.45 [3.75, 7.15] p<0.001; diastolic, 1.93 [0.57, 3.29] p=0.006). Current helminth infection did not explain the observed differences. Conclusions: In the Ugandan context, living in rural fishing communities may protect against hypertension but worsen glucose metabolism.
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Timperio, Anna, David Cameron-Smith, Catherine Burns, and David Crawford. "The public's response to the obesity epidemic in Australia: weight concerns and weight control practices of men and women." Public Health Nutrition 3, no. 4 (December 2000): 417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980000000483.
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AbstractObjectiveTo assess weight perceptions, weight concerns and weight control behaviours and related beliefs in a representative sample of adults.DesignCross-sectional postal survey.SettingThe survey was conducted between October and December 1997 in the state of Victoria, Australia.SubjectsA total of 2500 subjects were selected at random from the Australian electoral roll; 900 provided usable responses.ResultsAt the time of the survey, 2.7% of respondents were trying to gain weight, 26.6% were trying to avoid gaining weight, 22.9% were trying to lose weight and 47.9% were not doing anything for their weight. Men (47.2%) were less likely than women (55.3%) to be attempting any form of weight control. Watching the type of food eaten (95.6%), reducing dietary fat intake (87.3%) and engaging in physical activity or exercise (84.4%) were the most common weight control strategies used. Potentially harmful strategies, such as self-induced vomiting and smoking, were used by relatively few respondents. Many adults believed that vigorous activity (26.8%) and total omission of fat from the diet (35.3%) are necessary in order to lose weight.ConclusionsAttempts at weight control are common in the community. However, many men, including men who are already overweight, appear to be unconcerned about their weight. Obesity prevention initiatives should attempt to influence individuals' weight-related beliefs and behaviours, as well as seeking to change policies and environments to better support weight control.
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Haas, Romi, Stephen Maloney, Eva Pausenberger, Jennifer L. Keating, Jane Sims, Elizabeth Molloy, Brian Jolly, Prue Morgan, and Terry Haines. "Clinical Decision Making in Exercise Prescription for Fall Prevention." Physical Therapy 92, no. 5 (May 1, 2012): 666–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20110130.
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Background Physical therapists often prescribe exercises for fall prevention. Understanding the factors influencing the clinical decision-making processes used by expert physical therapists working in specialist fall and balance clinics may assist other therapists in prescribing exercises for fall prevention with greater efficacy. Objectives The objective of this study was to describe the factors influencing the clinical decision-making processes used by expert physical therapists to prescribe exercises for fall prevention. Design This investigation was a qualitative study from a phenomenological perspective. Methods Semistructured telephone interviews were conducted with 24 expert physical therapists recruited primarily from the Victorian Falls Clinic Coalition. Interviews focused on 3 exercise prescription contexts: face-to-face individual therapy, group exercise programs, and home exercise programs. Interviews elicited information about therapist practices and the therapist, patient, and environmental factors influencing the clinical decision-making processes for the selection of exercise setting, type, dosage (intensity, quantity, rest periods, duration, and frequency), and progression. Strategies for promoting adherence and safety were also discussed. Data were analyzed with a framework approach by 3 investigators. Results Participants described highly individualized exercise prescription approaches tailored to address key findings from physical assessments. Dissonance between prescribing a program that was theoretically correct on the basis of physiological considerations and prescribing one that a client would adhere to was evident. Safety considerations also were highly influential on the exercise type and setting prescribed. Terminology for describing the intensity of balance exercises was vague relative to terminology for describing the intensity of strength exercises. Conclusions Physical therapists with expertise in fall prevention adopted an individualized approach to exercise prescription that was based on physical assessment findings rather than “off-the-shelf” exercise programs commonly used in fall prevention research. Training programs for people who prescribe exercises for older adults at risk of falling should encompass these findings.
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Gallegos-Sánchez, Jesús José, Francisco Ruiz-Juan, Mario Alberto Villarreal-Angeles, and Jorge Isabel Zamarripa Rivera. "Etapas de cambio en la práctica de actividad física de tiempo libre en estudiantes de secundaria de Victoria de Durango, México. (Change stages to practice of physical activity within free time in high school students of Victoria of Durango, Mexico)." Retos, no. 35 (September 13, 2018): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i35.66878.
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El propósito del estudio fue analizar las etapas de cambio ante la práctica de actividad física en el tiempo libre en estudiantes de educación secundaria de la Ciudad de Victoria de Durango, México. El marco teórico empleado fue el Modelo Transteórico. Se diseñó un estudio cuantitativo, observacional-descriptivo de corte transversal. La muestra fue 1112 estudiantes de secundaria, edades entre los 12 y 15 años (M= 13.52; ±.92); el 52.6% fueron chicas y 47.4% chicos; 37.2% de primer curso, 33.9% segundo, 28.9% de tercero; 69% de turno matutino y 31% vespertino; el 25.5% inscritos en de secundarias Generales Federales, 36.6% Técnicas Federales y 37.9% Estatales; 15.5% en secundarias con índice de marginación urbana alto, 29% medio, 12.2% bajo y 43.4% muy bajo. Se administró el cuestionario de etapas de cambio hacia la práctica del ejercicio físico. El análisis de datos fue realizado por medio de estadística descriptiva y prueba de Chi2. Los principales resultados advierten que la mayoría de los estudiantes(60.4%) están en etapas de cambio poco activas o inactivas (no ofrecen beneficios a la salud); los chicos son más activos (51.7%)que las chicas (29.1%); los estudiantes más activos son los de secundarias Federales Generales así como los de primer curso; cuando el índice de Marginación Urbana bajael porcentaje de estudiantes en etapas más activas o con beneficios para la salud aumenta. Concluyendo que es importante considerar las etapas de cambio de comportamiento para planificar estrategias de modelos educativos. The purpose of the study was to analyze the change stages to practice of physical activity within free time in high school students of the City of Victoria of Durango, México. The theoretical framework used was the trans-theoretical model. It was designed a quantitative, observational-descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample was 1112 high school students, with ages between 12 and 15 years (M = 13.52; ± .92), (52.6% girls and 47.4% boys, 37.2% first, 33.9% second and 28.9% of third deggre 69% morning shift and 31% evening shift, 25.5% Federal General High Schools, 36.6% Federal Techniques and 37.9% Local, 15.5% high urban marginalization index, 29% medium level, 12.2% low and 43.4% very low. The questionnaire of stages of change towards the practice of physical exercise was administered. The data analysis was performed by means of descriptive statistics and proof of Chi2. The main results the majority of students (60.4%) are established in non-active or inactive stages of change that do not offer any health benefits; boys are more active (51.7%) than girls (29.1%); the students of the Federal General High Schools are the most active, as well as those in the first year; In relation to the IMU, as it improves, the percentages of students increases with more active stages or with health benefits. Concluding It is important to consider the stages of behavior change to plan strategies for educational models.
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Turyahabwe, Nelson, David Mwesigye Tumusiime, Willy Kakuru, and Bernard Barasa. "Wetland Use/Cover Changes and Local Perceptions in Uganda." Sustainable Agriculture Research 2, no. 4 (September 1, 2013): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v2n4p95.
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<p>With increasing population, coupled with land shortage and weather variations, wetlands in Uganda have continued to face degradation due to mainly conversion for agricultural, industrial and settlement purposes. The objective of this study was to determine the spatial and temporal wetland use/cover changes and local perceptions attributed to these changes. The study utilized three sets of ortho-rectified and cloud free Landsat TM/ETM+/MSS temporal images (30 m) of 1986, 2000 and 2011. The classification procedures were carried out using an Integrated Land and Water Information System (ILWIS) software version 3.7. A wetland classification system for Uganda developed by the National Biomass Study, 2003 was adopted to describe the wetland use/cover types. The classified images were validated in a ground truthing exercise using Global Positioning System (GPS) to improve on the classification accuracy. Key informant interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with communities adjacent to the wetlands in each of three of the ten Ugandan agro-ecological zones to determine the underlying drivers of wetland use/cover changes, while household interviews generated information on local perceptions of the changes. Significant changes were mainly observed in wetland use/cover between 1986 and 2011. Major factors responsible for these changes were subsistence farming due to intensification of growing paddy rice in Kyoga plains, an influx of migrants who accessed wetlands for daily subsistence (livestock grazing) in South western farmlands and proximity to urban centres in the Lake Victoria Crescent. In all the sampled agro-ecological zones, increased crop farming in wetlands was due to changing opportunities created by existent large markets for wetland crops. Majority (60%) of the local people perceived wetlands in their proximity to have undergone high degradation within the last 10 years, and to have declined in quantity and quality of vegetation, soil fertility and water levels. There was a noticeable variation across the sampled agro-ecological zones, with the highest proportion of local communities perceiving degradation being in Kyoga plains (76%), followed by Lake Victoria crescent (63%) and South-western farmlands (41%). Locally perceived threats to wetlands were mainly from crop growing that accounted for 33% of the frequency of mentioned threats, collection of wetland resources (30%), and prolonged floods and droughts (12%). This study confirms the importance of economic opportunities from new market outlets and migration in its various forms as key factors in land use change, especially at timescales of a couple of decades.<strong></strong></p>
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Hart, Michael J., Catherine M. Milte, Susan J. Torres, Maree G. Thorpe, and Sarah A. McNaughton. "Dietary patterns are associated with depressive symptoms in older Australian women but not men." British Journal of Nutrition 122, no. 12 (September 25, 2019): 1424–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114519002435.
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AbstractStudies have examined the association between depressive symptoms and dietary patterns; however, only few studies focused on older adults. The present study examines the association between current and past dietary patterns and depression in a community-dwelling adult population aged 55 years and over. Adults (n 4082) were recruited into the Wellbeing, Eating and Exercise for a Long Life study in Victoria, Australia. In 2010 and 2014, data were collected using self-administered questionnaires including a 111-item FFQ, the RAND thirty-six-item Short Form Health Survey of health-related quality of life and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale in 2014. Current (2014) and past (2010) dietary patterns were determined using principal component analysis. Association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms was assessed using a mixed model analysis with adjustment for covariates. Two similar dietary patterns were identified in men and women (n 2142). In women, a healthy dietary pattern (characterised by frequent intake of vegetables, fruits and fish) was associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms (current diet: β = −0·260, 95 % CI −0·451, −0·070; past diet: β = −0·201, 95 % CI −0·390, −0·013). A current unhealthy dietary pattern in women (characterised by frequent intake of red and processed meat, potatoes, hot chips, cakes, deserts and ice cream) was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms (β = 1·367, 95 % CI 0·679, 2·056). No associations were identified in men. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and to understand the differences that may occur by sex.