Academic literature on the topic 'Exercise – Physiological aspects'
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Journal articles on the topic "Exercise – Physiological aspects"
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Elliot, Ninni, Johan Sundberg, and Patricia Gramming. "Physiological aspects of a vocal exercise." Journal of Voice 11, no. 2 (June 1997): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0892-1997(97)80075-6.
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Saris, Wim HM. "Physiological aspects of exercise in weight cycling." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 49, no. 5 (May 1, 1989): 1099–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/49.5.1099.
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Tschakert, Gerhard, and Peter Hofmann. "High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise: Methodological and Physiological Aspects." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 8, no. 6 (November 2013): 600–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.8.6.600.
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High-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) has been applied in competitive sports for more than 100 years. In the last decades, interval studies revealed a multitude of beneficial effects in various subjects despite a large variety of exercise prescriptions. Therefore, one could assume that an accurate prescription of HIIE is not relevant. However, the manipulation of HIIE variables (peak workload and peak-workload duration, mean workload, intensity and duration of recovery, number of intervals) directly affects the acute physiological responses during exercise leading to specific medium- and long-term training adaptations. The diversity of intermittent-exercise regimens applied in different studies may suggest that the acute physiological mechanisms during HIIE forced by particular exercise prescriptions are not clear in detail or not taken into consideration. A standardized and consistent approach to the prescription and classification of HIIE is still missing. An optimal and individual setting of the HIIE variables requires the consideration of the physiological responses elicited by the HIIE regimen. In this regard, particularly the intensities and durations of the peak-workload phases are highly relevant since these variables are primarily responsible for the metabolic processes during HIIE in the working muscle (eg, lactate metabolism). In addition, the way of prescribing exercise intensity also markedly influences acute metabolic and cardiorespiratory responses. Turn-point or threshold models are suggested to be more appropriate and accurate to prescribe HIIE intensity than using percentages of maximal heart rate or maximal oxygen uptake.
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Hausswirth, Christophe, and Yann Le Meur. "Physiological and Nutritional Aspects of Post-Exercise Recovery." Sports Medicine 41, no. 10 (October 2011): 861–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/11593180-000000000-00000.
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D'Acquisto, Leo Joseph, Laura Jean Miller, Debra Mary D'Acquisto, Karen Roemer, and Mitchell Grant Fisher. "Physiological and Psychophysical Aspects of Shallow Water Exercise." International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education 9, no. 3 (August 1, 2015): 273–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijare.2015-0027.
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This study investigated the cardiorespiratory responses to perceptually self- regulated shallow water exercise (SR-SWE) efforts. Females (26 ± 6 years) performed a series of SWE bouts prescribed at rating of perceived exertion (RPE) 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 (Borg scale) and an incremental, SR-SWE bout to a max of RPE 20. Oxygen uptake (VO2 ), heart rate (HR), and blood lactate (BLa) were monitored. VO 2, HR, and BLa ranged from 0.68 ± 0.13 l·min –1 , 90 ± 16 bpm, 2.0 ± 0.7 mM (RPE 9) to 2.21 ± 0.21 l·min–1 , 162 ± 11 bpm, and 3.9 ± 1.6 mM (RPE 17), respectively. Peak VO2, HR, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and BLa were 2.72 ± 0.33 l·min –1 , 181 ± 7 bpm, 1.05 ± 0.05, and 8.1 ± 1.7 mM, respectively. The group linear regression equation was as follows: VO 2 = –0.97 ± 0.189 (RPE), R2 = .89 (p < .0001). The regression model predicted VO 2 peak of 2.81 ± 0.28 l·min –1 equivalent to the measured value of 2.72 ± 0.33 l·min–1 (p = .33). Findings suggest that self-regulation of intensity based on prescribed RPE is a viable way of regulating intensity while exercising in a shallow water medium.
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FOSTER, CARL, NIKOLAOS GEORGAKOPOULOS, and KATHARINA MEYER. "Physiological and pathological aspects of exercise left ventricular function." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 30, Supplement (1998): S379—S386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199810001-00006.
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Sabillah, Muhamad Ichsan, and Faza Annasai. "THE STUDY OF E-SPORT AS A SPORT IN TERMS OF SOCIAL ASPECTS, PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS, AND ASPECTS OF SPORTS PHILOSOPHY." MAJORA: Majalah Ilmiah Olahraga 27, no. 2 (September 2, 2021): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/majora.v27i2.50940.
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The purpose of this study is to examine E- Sport in the realm of exercise from an overview of social, physiological, and philosophical aspects of exercise. This study uses literature review research and library research ordinance. The information analysis method uses an information reduction model of 24 posts. This research got the result that out of 10 articles, the articles studied in the social aspect reported agreeing with E- Sport on the contrary, 1 article did not agree. Of the 6 articles studied from the physiological aspect, 2 posts reported agreeing and 4 articles reported disagreement. Finally, of the 8 articles studied from the philosophical aspect, 6 articles reported agreed and reported disagreements as many as 2 articles. The conclusions are sourced from research and information collected from the results until it can be concluded that E-Sport is a sport, has positive issues in the social aspect, as well as sports philosophy, but sourced from the results of E- sport has shortcomings in the part of the physiolgic aspect is the problem of changing body functions to negative and addicted to games if you cannot control a healthy lifestyle balance.
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Rowland, Thomas W. "Developmental Aspects of Physiological Function Relating to Aerobic Exercise in Children." Sports Medicine 10, no. 4 (October 1990): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199010040-00004.
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Duke, Joseph W., Adam J. Lewandowski, Steven H. Abman, and Andrew T. Lovering. "Physiological aspects of cardiopulmonary dysanapsis on exercise in adults born preterm." Journal of Physiology 600, no. 3 (January 12, 2022): 463–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jp281848.
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Walter, Nadja, and Thomas Heinen. "EXERCISE ADDICTION AND ITS RELATION TO PSYCHO-SOCIAL ASPECTS AND MOTIVES." Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century 13, no. 2 (December 12, 2019): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/ppc/19.13.113.
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Despite typical physiological risks of regular physical activity such as injuries or overtraining, particularly excessive exercise can have psychological side effects and become obsessive. This obsessiveness is often associated with symptoms of addiction (i.e., reduction of other activities, lack of control, withdrawal symptoms). However, the underlying process of developing an exercise addiction is not yet fully understood. Besides the physiological approach, there are several psychological and socio-theoretical models focusing on personal and situational factors. The aim of this research was to explore the role of psycho-social aspects and their influence on symptoms of exercise addiction. 501 participants were asked to record their current sport regarding type, intensity, frequency, and competitive activity. Furthermore, the participants were asked about the motives to exercise as well as their inspiration to start with their current sport. Addictive symptoms were assessed using the Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS). It was expected, that inspiration, competitive activity, as well as the motives achievement striving and catharsis have an influence on the EDS score. The results showed that athletes rating the motives achievement striving, catharsis and enjoyment of movement as important or very important showed significantly higher scores in the EDS. No significant differences were found for inspiration, but competitive activity. The findings suggest an important role of intrinsic motivation on the development of exercise addition, particularly the motive enjoyment of movement. However, the interaction of personal and situational factors needs to be explored further. Keywords: achievement striving, catharsis, competitive athletes, exercise dependence scale, inspiration, physical activity.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Exercise – Physiological aspects"
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Swartz, Ann M. "A comparison of the health and fitness benefits received with varying quantities of energy expenditure." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1115731.
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The Surgeon General's Report on Physical Activity and Health recommends expending 200 kcals "on most, if not all days of the week" (1000 to 1400 kcals/week) as a minimum quantity of exercise energy expenditure (EE) required to obtain health benefits. The ACSM recommends expending a minimum of 1000 kcals/week to receive fitness benefits. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of EE above and below 1200 kcals/week on health and fitness benefits. Twenty-six previously sedentary males and females (mean age = 47 ± 2 years), with at least one risk factor for CAD completed the 22-32 week endurance exercise training study. Subjects performed an initial health screening and treadmill test which included measures of heart rate, blood pressure, blood lipids, body composition at rest, and metabolic data (V02, VE, RER) during the maximal treadmill test. Subjects began exercising with the Adult Physical Fitness Program at a self-selected amount of energy expenditure, recording heart rate, frequency, and duration of exercise on an exercise log card after every exercise session. After 22-32 weeks, subjects returned to the laboratory for a final evaluation identical to the first. The metabolic data from the initial and final tests, along with the data from the exercise log card was used to develop an estimation of energy expenditure/week. Subjects were then categorized into either < or > 1200 kcal/week energy expenditure. Results of the pre/post (n=12) training blood pressure, blood lipids, body composition and V02 __ measures were:EE <1200 kcalsEE >1200 kcalsVariablePre TrainingPost TrainingPre Training 'PostTrainingVO2.(L/min)2.287+.1982.397±.1983.064±.2073.290±.210VO2.(ml/kg/min)27.4+1.7-28.2+1.7-33.0+2.4-37.3±2.6 #HDL-C(mg/dl)51+4.355±4.547±2.850±3.2SBP(mmHg)121±4117±3124±4y120±37BMI(k g/m2)28.0±1.728.3+1.731.2+1.6730.0+1.5y #*p <0.05 training main effect, #p < 0.05 group by time interaction, y: n=14The group that expended above 1200 kcals/week displayed more improvement inrelative V02 n,.,., and BMI following the training program than the group thatexpended less than 1200 kcals/week. Furthermore, there was a training main effect showing adaptations in V02 ., HDL and SBP. In conclusion, previously at risk, sedentary individuals exercise training > 2 days/week can receive health and fitness benefits. However, those expending more than 1200 kcals/week will receive a greater benefit in terms of body composition and cardiovascular fitness.School of Physical Education
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Hart, Linda E. "The influence of a single session of aerobic exercise on blood pressure during daily activities." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08182009-040432/.
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Xu, Fan 1960. "Effect of prolonged exercise on running economy." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68149.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of prolonged exercise on running economy. Fourteen male long distance runners performed two 90 minute runs on an outdoor 400m track at velocities equal to 65 and 80% of VO$ sb2$max. Prior to and following each 90 minute run, running economy (RE) was measured as the steady-state VO$ sb2$ during treadmill runs at speeds of 188 and 228 m/min. During the 90-min run at 65% of VO$ sb2$max, the mean weight loss was 1.3 kg. The HR was 143 bpm between minutes 5-10 and increased to 150 bpm between minutes 85-90. During the 90-min run at 80% of VO$ sb2$max, the mean weight loss was 1.4 kg. The HR was 161 bpm between minutes 5-10 and increased to 165 bpm between minutes 85-90. When the post RE test was conducted following each 90-min run, there was a significant increase in VO$ sb2$ expressed in both l/min and ml/kg$ cdot$min (a decrease in running economy). The increase in oxygen cost of running following the 90-min run at 80% of VO$ sb2$max was greater than that following the run at 65% of VO$ sb2$max.
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Scordo, Kristine A. Bludau. "The effects of aerobic exercise training on symptomatic females with mitral valve prolapse syndrome." Connect to resource, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1244145517.
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Bozac, Anna Elena. "Determining exogenous glucose oxidation during moderate exercise." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28736.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the quantity of a glucose drink oxidized during cycle ergometer exercise at 60% VO₂max for 75 minutes. A second purpose was to determine if the glucose drink improved sprint time to exhaustion at 90% VO₂max after 75 minutes of exercise. Six trained male cyclists (VO₂max > 60 ml•kg⁻¹•min•¹) exercised on three occasions during which they ingested either water ad lib (W), ¹³C-cornsyrup (100 g, 2.02 M) + water ad lib (CS), or NaH¹²CO₃/NaH¹³CO₃ mixture (5 mg•kg⁻¹, 1% ¹³C-enriched) + water ad lib (B). Treatments B and CS were ingested after 5 minutes of cycling at 60% VO₂max. During exercise, there was no difference between treatments in plasma lactate response, changes in plasma volume, sprint time to exhaustion, or in respiratory exchange ratio (RER), VO₂, or VCO₂. RER showed a significant decline (p< .01) from 5 minutes (1.00±0.05, X±SD) to 75 minutes (0.96±0.05), and VO₂ showed a significant positive shift (p< .01) from 3.15(±0.29) to 3.52(±0.45) l•min⁻¹. A transient rise in plasma glucose was observed with CS. Changes from rest in ¹³C/¹²C ratio (∂13C) showed a significant increase (p< .01) following CS. Peak glucose oxidation rate was 7.26 g•15 min⁻¹ which occurred after 75 minutes. Total dose of exogenous ¹³C-glucose recovered as ¹³CO₂ (above baseline) was 22%. These observations suggest that (1) during moderate exercise of 75 minutes duration, oxidation of exogenous glucose occurs within 15 minutes but contributes marginally to total carbohydrate utilization as RER continued to fall with or without CS, and (2) sprint time to exhaustion after 75 minutes of cycling is not improved with glucose ingestion.Education, Faculty of
Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of
Graduate
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Conley, Travis B. "Growth response to resistance exercise : influence of exercise device." Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1395457.
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The purpose of this study was to compare the growth response elicited by an acute bout of resistance exercise (RE) conducted on a traditional weight stack device (WS) and a flywheel device (FW). Eight recreationally trained males (25 ± 9 y, 77 ± 27 kg) performed 4 sets of 7 repetitions of bilateral knee extension on each exercise device separated by 7 days. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis at rest and 4 hrs post-exercise to examine the expression of selected myogenic and proteolytic genes. RE increased (P < 0.05) mRNA expression of Myogenin (3.6 vs. 3.6 fold), and MyoD (2.2 vs. 2.0 fold) and decreased (P < 0.05) expression of Myostatin (1.4 vs. 1.5 fold) to a similar degree on both exercise devices. There was no change in the expression of Atrogin-1, MuRF-1 or MRF4 following RE on either device. The only device mediated difference in the expression of the selected genes was observed in Atrogin-1 which was lower following RE on the FW versus the WS device. The current data shows that in the initial hrs following RE, use of the FW is as effective as the traditional resistance training devices (WS) in promoting the induction of genes involved with muscle remodeling and growth.School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science
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Reardon, Constance R. "Exercise and premenstrual syndrome." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/471854.
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Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a term used to describe a number of symptoms affecting women approximately two weeks prior to menstruation, and ceasing with the onset of menstrual flow. The general physiological and psychological adaptations to training suggest that physical activity could lessen some PMS symptoms. Therefore, the purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to compare the number of PMS symptoms of intercollegiate athletes with those of sedentary college age women, and 2) to determine if training reduced the severity of PMS symptoms in a group of previously sedentary women.In study #1, a PMS questionnaire was distributed to female athletes representing six teams (n=92), and sedentary female athletes (n=47) at Ball State University. A one-way analysis of variance revealed that there was no significant difference (p>.05) in occurance of symptoms between the athletes and the sedentary females.In study #2, 13 sedentary women (X age= 34.6 + 1.9) suffering from PMS, participated in a four month study to determine if training would reduce the severity of their PMS symptoms. Eight women comprised the training group, and participated in 30-40 minutes of aerobic exercise four times per week. The control group consisted of five women who remained inactive. A correlated t-test revealed a significant increase (p<.Ol) in maximal oxygen uptake and a significant decrease (p<.Ol) in PMS symptoms after four months of activity in the experimental treatment group. The control group showed no significant changes (p>.05) in maximal oxygen uptake or PMS symptoms during the four months of the investigation. Based on the data from this study, it was concluded that women with PMS have significant decreases in mood swings, appetite, cravings for sweets, breast tenderness, anxiety and depression after training.
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Lee, Jonah D. "The effects of pre-exercise carbohydrate supplementation on anaerobic exercise performance in adolescent males." Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1366300.
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This study examined the effects of pre-exercise carbohydrate (CHO) supplementation on anaerobic exercise performance in adolescent males (n =11; 15.0 ± 0.9 yrs). On separate days, subjects consumed either a CHO or a placebo (PL) beverage followed by 2 Wingate anaerobic tests (WAnT) separated with ten by 10-second sprints. Peak (PP), mean power (MP) and fatigue index (FI) were assessed. Venous blood samples were obtained and analyzed for glucose, lactate, insulin, and catecholamines. A trial by time ANOVA (P < 0.05) was used in the analysis. PP and MP tended to be higher (P < 0.09) in CHO versus PL, and MP tended to decline more in CHO (P < 0.06); Fl for the two WAnT were similar. Glucose concentration significantly increased after CHO consumption and then returned to baseline post-exercise, whereas glucose level remained unchanged over time during PL; similarly observed for insulin. Lactate and catecholamine levels significantly increased over time, but a trial difference was only observed in epinephrine. The tendency for PP and MP to be higher in CHO might suggest a potential ergogenic benefit of pre-exercise CHO although the change in MP over time in CHO and the similarity in Fl might suggest otherwise.School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science
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Hasson, Christopher J. "Neural and mechanical influences on the initation of the squat jump." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1260619.
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The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of a premovement silent period (PSP), and an involuntary small amplitude countermovement (CM) on the maximal height of the squat jump (SJ). Fifteen elite male volleyball players (20.6 ± 1.6 yrs) and thirteen untrained males (20.2 ± 1.7 yrs) performed ten maximal effort SJs from identical starting positions. The electromyographic activity of the vastus lateralis and biceps femoris was measured in conjunction with the vertical ground reaction force, and the vertical displacement measured by a cable-extension transducer. The presence of a PSP or small amplitude CM did not increase maximal SJ height significantly (p > 0.05). These findings indicate that in the SJ, facilitation effects of the PSP and small amplitude CM are minimal. This is important to past and future studies utilizing the SJ, as it is often difficult for individuals to perform SJs with no detectable CM.School of Physical Education
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Burns, Jennifer Marie. "Effects of choline ingestion on endurance performance." Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/539635.
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Plasma choline levels have been reported to be significantly reduced in athletes at the endof prolonged, exhaustive exercise (marathon running), and this may affect the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction (16). The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the influence of two levels of choline (from soy lecithin) ingestion on plasma choline levels and exercise performance. Ten endurance-trained male cyclists exercised on an electrically resisted ergometer for 105 minutes at a load equal to 70% V02 max, followed by an all-out, self-paced 15 minute performance ride on an isokinetic cycle. Three randomly ordered trials were performed four hours after the feedings of (A) 0.0 g, (B) 1.1 g, or (C) 1.8 g choline. Dietary intake of choline was controlled. Before and after the trials, blood samples were drawn and analyzed for serum choline (umol/liter) using an HPLC method. Feedings of 1.1 g and 1.8 g of choline significantly (p < 0.05) elevated serum choline values compared to control (A = 34.16 [± 0.63], B 38.17 [+ 0.96], and C = 42.32 [+ 0.59]).Post-exercise serum choline values, however, were not significantly different (p > 0.05) from pre-exercise levels. In addition, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in performance between placebo, 1.1 g, and 1.8 choline trials (2.11 x 105, 2.07 x 105, 2.07 x 105 Newton-meters, respectively). This study indicates a dose response to choline ingestion, with no effect on performance.School of Physical Education
Books on the topic "Exercise – Physiological aspects"
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McNeil, Hill Paul, ed. Exercise: The physiological challenge. Auckland, N.Z: Conference Pub., 1993.
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Thomas, Tom R. Scientific exercise training. 2nd ed. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co., 1987.
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Robergs, Robert A. Exercise physiology: Exercise, performance, and clinical applications. London: Mosby, 1996.
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1958-, Roberts Scott, ed. Exercise physiology: Exercise, performance, and clinical applications. St. Louis: Mosby, 1997.
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Hale, Tudor. Exercise Physiology. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2005.
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Svoboda, Milan. Exercise physiology. Reston, Va: American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance, 1987.
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Hardyman, Robyn. Exercise. London: Wayland, 2009.
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Reid, J. Gavin. Exercise prescriptionfor fitness. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1985.
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deVries, Herbert A. Physiology of exercise: For physical education, athletics and exercise science. 5th ed. Madison, Wis: Brown & Benchmark, 1994.
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DeVries, Herbert A. Physiology of exercise for physical education, athletics, and exercise science. 5th ed. Madison, Wis: WCB Brown & Benchmark, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Exercise – Physiological aspects"
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Brooke, Antonia, Kagabo Hirwa, Claire Higham, and Alex Lewis. "Endocrinology aspects of other clinical or physiological situations." In Oxford Handbook of Endocrinology & Diabetes 4e, 719–86. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198851899.003.0012.
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This chapter covers endocrine aspects of a variety of conditions and situations. It explains the symptoms and investigations of hypoglycaemia along with its management; mastocytosis, cancer and the associated endocrine sequalae of survivors of childhood cancer, syndromes of ectopic hormone production, and associated disorders. It then covers the effects on endocrinology on liver and renal diseases, and in the critically ill. Differential diagnosis of endocrine disorders is outlined, alongside the effects of stress and exercise on the endocrine system. Finally, alternative therapies are discussed.
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Coll-Andreu, Margalida, Laura Amorós-Aguilar, David Costa-Miserachs, Isabel Portell-Cortés, and Meritxell Torras-Garcia. "Physical exercise: Effects on cognitive function after traumatic brain injury." In Cellular, Molecular, Physiological, and Behavioral Aspects of Traumatic Brain Injury, 461–74. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-823036-7.00016-5.
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Bresnahan, James, Benjamin Scoblionko, Patricia Orme, James Pendleton, and Roger Liu. "Cardiometabolic changes and upper exercise as an augmentative strategy in spinal cord injury." In Cellular, Molecular, Physiological, and Behavioral Aspects of Spinal Cord Injury, 339–50. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-822427-4.00028-9.
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Lee, Jeongmin, Dong-il Kim, and Justin Y. Jeon. "Exercise programs and spinal cord injury (SCI): Linking the clinical, physiological, and psychological consequences of SCI." In Cellular, Molecular, Physiological, and Behavioral Aspects of Spinal Cord Injury, 23–34. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-822427-4.00003-4.
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López-Lluch, Guillermo. "Physiological Aspects of Coenzyme Q10 in Plasma in Relationship with Exercise and Aging." In Nutrition and Functional Foods for Healthy Aging, 307–16. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-805376-8.00026-5.
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Silva, Yara Oliveira, and Euler Alves Cardoso. "Quality of life of elderly physically ativivos DTHE city of Goiânia Goiás." In Themes focused on interdisciplinarity and sustainable development worldwide. Seven Editora, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/tfisdwv1-166.
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Introduction: Quality of life (Qol) can be defined as the perception of well-being resulting from a set of individual and socio-environmental parameters. QoL can be divided into three fundamental aspects: subjectivity, multidimensionality and presence of positive and negative dimensions. According to WHOQOL GROUP, Qol relates the individual's perception of his life in the context of the culture and values in which he lives in relation to his/her goals, expectations and concerns. Physical, psychological, social, spiritual life, level of independence are factors that can influence QoL. Active aging has become increasingly common, experts from all areas of health recommend physical exercise as prevention and control of physiological deficits because of aging. Objective: To analyze the quality of life of elderly practitioners of physical exercise in the city of Goiânia-GO. Methodology: Cross-sectional study carried out in different academies in the city of Goiânia-Go. Eighty-seven elderly practitioners and non-practitioners of physical exercise were evaluated using the Qol questionnaire - WHOQOL - OLD). The data were analyzed using the Student's t-test for comparisons of means between two groups. The significance adopted was 5%. Results: In the domain, sensory ability and past activity present and future there were significant differences between the groups practicing and non-practicing exercise, being p=0.00 and p=0.05, respectively. Variable aas, social participation and death and dying were not found significant differences between the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Elderly practitioners of physical exercises have a higher quality of life when compared to nonpracticing elderly. The domains, sensory ability and past activity present and future were the factors that demonstrated the importance of exercise practice.
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Mistri, Shradha. "Relations between Dietary Habits, Lifestyle and Leading Obesity." In Psychology and Patho-physiological Outcomes of Eating [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98307.
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Obesity, hypertension, depression currently in the rise are some of the many problems faced by a common person due to poor dietary and sleeping habits along with some genetic disorders. An extensive study has been done over two years with 205 subjects regarding their eating & sleeping habits and their mental & physical state on a day-to-day basis. The subjects include both males and females ranging from 15 years of age to 70 above. Altogether 12.68% of people suffer from obesity while just 51.21% of them have an appropriate weight. Women below the age of 25 have shown an overpowering presence of PCOS affecting their health and 38.53% of the population showcasing suffering from hypertension and 14.14% suffering from depression. Sleep has yet proven to be a defining factor in wellbeing. 17.07% of the population exhibit signs of sleep deprivation while just 63.9% of the population sleep over 7 hours daily. Like many other countries, in India, the shift from traditional healthy food to fast food & processed food is taking place, resulting in various health problems like obesity, heart problems, arthritis, weakness, diabetes, high blood pressure, difficulty in breathing, stroke & so on. The aim of this meta-analysis was to quantify the effects of nutrition, mental health and exercise on the various aspects of a person’s well-being.
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de la Torre-Valdovinos, Braniff, Laura Paulina Osuna-Carrasco, and Carlos Alberto Cuellar Ramos. "The Role of Supraspinal Structures for Recovery after SCI: From Motor Dysfunction to Mental Health." In Paraplegia. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96140.
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Neural circuitry controlling limbed locomotion is located in the spinal cord, known as Central Pattern Generators (CPGs). After a traumatic Spinal Cord Injury (SCI), ascending and descending tracts are damaged, interrupting the communication between CPGs and supraspinal structures that are fundamental to initiate, control and adapt movement to the environment. Although low vertebrates and some mammals regain some physiological functions after a spinal insult, the capacity to recover in hominids is rather limited. The consequences after SCI include physiological (sensory, autonomic and motor) and mental dysfunctions, which causes a profound impact in social and economic aspects of patients and their relatives Despite the recent progress in the development of therapeutic strategies for SCI, there is no satisfactory agreement for choosing the best treatment that restores the affected functions of people suffering the devastating consequences after SCI. Studies have described that patients with chronic SCI can achieve some degree of neurorestoration with strategies that include physical rehabilitation, neuroprosthesis, electrical stimulation or cell therapies. Particularly in the human, the contribution of supraspinal structures to the clinical manifestations of gait deficits in people with SCI and its potential role as therapeutic targets is not well known. Additionally, mental health is considered fundamental as it represents the first step to overcome daily adversities and to face progression of this unfortunate condition. This chapter focuses on the consequences of spinal cord disconnection from supraspinal structures, from motor dysfunction to mental health. Recent advancements on the study of supraspinal structures and combination of different approaches to promote recovery after SCI are discussed. Promising strategies are used alone or in combination and include drugs, physical exercise, robotic devices, and electrical stimulation.
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Seiler, Christian. "Cardiovascular physiology: regulation of coronary circulation." In ESC CardioMed, edited by Guido Grassi, 120–25. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0023.
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This chapter reviews coronary circulatory structural and functional aspects with a focus on human physiology and on pathophysiology relating to ischaemic heart disease. During augmented myocardial oxygen demand (e.g. during physical exercise), oxygen extraction is enhanced only marginally due to high extraction at rest. Thus, the increased demand is met by augmented coronary blood flow. The structural design of the coronary artery tree is matched to myocardial perfusion at rest, and can be derived from an economic construction principle ubiquitously present in biology: the physiological or optimality principle of minimum work. Myocardial perfusion at rest amounts to 1 mL/min/g, the level of which is maintained over a broad range of coronary perfusion pressures between 60 and 140 mmHg (coronary autoregulation). Coronary flow at rest under different coronary pressure challenges is held constant by microcirculatory resistance adaptation. Likewise, coronary flow in response to augmented myocardial metabolic challenges is increased four- to fivefold (coronary flow reserve) by a reduction in microcirculatory resistance. Active regulation of coronary microcirculatory resistance results from a balance between vasodilator and vasoconstrictor stimuli exerted by metabolic signals from the myocardium, the vascular endothelium, and neurohumoral influences. An atherosclerotic coronary stenosis is a vascular resistance in series to the downstream microcirculatory resistance inducing an epicardial coronary pressure drop. At rest, normal coronary flow is maintained due to compensatory microvascular dilatation. Hence, the capacity for further microcirculatory dilatation under increased oxygen demand is limited, that is, coronary flow reserve is reduced.
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Mathisen, Therese Fostervold, Christine Sundgot-Borgen, and Jorunn Sundgot-Borgen. "Nutrition and eating disorders in youth sport." In Oxford Textbook of Children's Sport and Excercise Medicine 4e, edited by Neil Armstrong and Willem van Mechelen, 691—C51P247. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780192843968.003.0051.
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Abstract Optimal energy and nutrient intake is important for health and performance in youth athletes who also have additional energy needs due to growth and development. Specific recommendations for energy and nutrient intake for youth athletes are lacking, and as such adolescents are mainly advised to follow recommendations for adult athletes. Findings indicate suboptimal intake of energy and of nutrients in youth athletes, and specifically among those who restrict energy intake. Energy and nutrients should be consumed through (whole) foods, and there is no evidence to suggest increased needs for, or effects from, micronutrients above the recommended basic needs. Youth athletes who maintain growth and development and thereby naturally gain weight, are suggested to be in a positive energy balance. Energy balance is, however, not the most precise estimate of adequate energy intake, as low energy availability may occur in a scenario of energy balance. Energy availability is the amount of energy remaining to support all other body functions after the energy expended in exercise and physical activity, and, if insufficient, it will impair metabolism and several physiological and psychological aspects. Eating behaviour exists on a continuum from normal to abnormal eating, finally resulting in behaviour and cognitions qualifying for an eating disorder (ED) diagnosis. Disordered eating (DE) is common in athletes and findings suggest a higher frequency of eating disorders compared to the general population. Prevention of DE and EDs should integrate education and screening for early identification. Education should target not only athletes, but also parents, coaches, officials, and healthcare providers.
Conference papers on the topic "Exercise – Physiological aspects"
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Pires-Neto, Ruy C., Yurica M. F. Kawaguchi, Adriana S. Hirota, Carolina Fu, Clarice Tanaka, Marcelo Park, and Carlos R. R. Carvalho. "An Early Trial Of Passive Cycling Exercise In Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Patients. Safety, Physiological And Metabolic Aspects." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a3070.
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Carballo Leyenda, Belén, Jorge Gutiérrez Arroyo, José Gerardo Villa Vicente, Fabio García-Heras, Juan Rodríguez Medina, and Jose A Rodríguez-Marroyo. "Laboratory assessment of heat strain in female and male wildland firefighters." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003976.
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Wildland firefighters (WFF) face a set of specific work-related factors that directly affect their physical and cognitive abilities and compromise their health and safety. The working conditions include hard physical work and environmental conditions that combine high temperatures and high radiant heat. Such environments make using personal protective equipment (PPE) mandatory to protect them from risks. This fact restricts heat removal and adds extra weight, increasing thermal strain and the risk of heat-related illnesses on WFF. Since the number of females WFF has increased, it is necessary to study the repercussions of heat stress on this group. To date, it is not yet well-known whether sex-related differences in thermoregulation will be relevant when the individuals are wearing PPE and performing high physical effort in a hot environment. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the physiological response when performing moderate to high-intensity effort in a hot-dry environment while wearing PPE according to sex. Twenty WFF 10 females [23.9 ± 3.2 yr, 163.8 ± 3.4 cm and 62.7 ± 9.1 kg] and 10 males [31.9 ± 6.6 yr, 178.8 ± 5.8 cm and 73.9 ± 7.7 kg]) performed a 125 min treadmill test in a controlled ambient (30 ºC and 30% relative humidity). The protocol consisted of two exercise stages where WFF performed different continuous and variable exercise bouts in order to mimic the effort performed during real deployments. Participants wore the full standard PPE during the test. Oxygen uptake (VO2), heart rate (HR), core temperature (CT) and chest temperature (SkT) were monitored throughout the test. HR and CT were used to calculate the physiological strain index (PSI). Differences in body mass pre-post trials corrected for fluid intake were used to calculate sweat production (SwP), sweating rate (SwR), and evaporative efficiency (EE). Differences (p < 0.05) between females and males were found in %VO2max (62.5 ± 7.4 vs 55.3 ± 5.), HR (155 ± 10 vs 134 ± 14 beats·min–1), % of maximal HR (81.3 ± 3.5 vs 42.3 ± 6.5), CT (38.0 ± 10 vs 37.7 ± 0.33 ºC), SkT (36.0 ± 0.6 vs 35.3 ± 0.6 ºC) and PSI (4.1 ± 0.5 vs 3.5 ± 0.6). Even though SwR was higher (p < 0.05) for male participants (1001.5 ± 268.3 ml) compared to females (647.5 ± 145.9 ml), females had higher EE (32.9 ± 4.6 vs 16.7 ± 6.2 %). In conclusion, performing high-intensity exercise in hot-dry conditions while wearing PPE leads to a higher thermal and cardiovascular load for female WFF, making them more susceptible to heat illness. These results could be linked to lower aerobic fitness, sweating rate, and hormonal aspects that increased the thermal burden.
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Almer, Alexander, Anna Weber, Florian Haid, Lucas Paletta, Michael Schneeberger, Stefan Ladstätter, Dietmar Wallner, et al. "Real-time remote stress monitoring based on specific stress modelling considering load characteristics of different military forces." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003977.
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An ongoing challenge for the Military Task Forces is the management of personnel to optimise and maintain performance, whilst also ensuring ongoing health and wellbeing. In the course of intensive training and exercises as well as in real operational scenarios, soldiers often suffer physiological and psychological borderline stresses and also injuries during physical and combat-related training, with overuse injuries often occurring here. Innovative developments and research projects for the physiological monitoring of soldiers arise, based on innovative developments in the field of biosensor technology. Soldiers are at the center of deployed sociotechnical systems despite major innovations in the field of autonomous systems and artificial intelligence (Swiss, 2020). These are aspects and development approaches that are of great interest to military as well as civilian task forces. Motivation and Requirements: Military training and exercise missions as well as real deployment scenarios are often associated with a high degree of physical stress and responsibility and require a high level of mental performance and concentration. Reduced concentration and reaction cause delayed or possibly even wrong decisions, which can have fatal consequences. The research project VitalMonitor therefore focuses on the development of a (i) real-time monitoring system, which analyses changes in physiological parameters from heart rate, heart rate variability, skin conductance, core body temperature, etc., (ii) decision support tool for mission commanders to determine optimal work-rest-cycles preventing physical overstraining in trainings and missions (iii) personalized physical fitness training for soldiers to control their individual stress situation in a targeted manner avoiding poor performance. Methods and Results: In order to be able to make concrete statements about a current, individual stress situation for the soldiers of different task forces, it is necessary to characterize the work stress and to develop specific load and stress models. Basically, here is a relevant difference in the stress models if we compare e.g. CBRN group, light infantry forces and special military forces in the operational loads. In a first step, an attempt was made to create a so-called expert model for the load characteristics on the basis of extensive expert knowledge and measured values collected in the context of various stress tests with various military task forces. The focus was initially on the CBRN task force and further extensive tests were carried out as part of the VitalMonitor project.The basis for the creation of a specific stress model is the comprehensive analysis of the scenario-related work conditions, the psychological and cognitive stress as well as the physiological stress and the interrelationships that occur. The use of an available innovative bio-sensor technology must enable the remote measurement of vital values of the soldiers in the different deployment scenarios. Conclusion and Outlook: Soldiers are at the center of deployed sociotechnical military systems, while requirements in the physiological and cognitive field have increased significantly. Therefore, optimized capability and performance development for soldiers is a key focus for military organizations. Innovative biosensor technology, which is currently available on the commercial market, enables the monitoring of physiological parameters during physical strain and thus basically also during different military deployment scenarios. A targeted use for military tasks, which provides soldiers, executives and medical personnel with meaningful, real-time situation-relevant information, requires an intelligent analysis of the sensor data. These analysis methods take into account, on the one hand, the load characteristics of the operational scenarios and, on the other hand, the individual fitness and stress situation of the persons.
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Canina, Marita, Daniela Amandolese, and Carmen Bruno. "Design for Sustainable Behaviour to design an Adaptive Climbing Wall." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001885.
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In recent years, Europe has been moving towards a concept of inclusivity as highlighted by the sixteenth goal of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals Agenda that promotes peaceful and inclusive societies. (UN Dept. of Global Communications, 2015). The increasing awareness of social diversity has attracted the attention of designers who started to adopt an inclusive design approach and design products or services to be usable by as many people as reasonably possible, without the need for specialised adaptions. The inclusive design approach has been largely applied in adaptive sports to improve levels of functioning and independence in daily living activities and increase physical capability, physiological capacity, social status, and sense of belonging. Adaptive sports can become a way to promote involvement as an active part of the rehabilitation exercise to stimulate neuromotor recovery, particularly in children with disabilities (Canina et al., 2020). Recent research has demonstrated that climbing could be an excellent rehabilitation tool that involves the child with disabilities in a natural way. This sport exploits the propensity to play, to sport, to compete, to stimulate the execution of specific exercises, can transform this effort into a game and multiply the effectiveness of the rehabilitation process (Reljin, V., 2019). An intensive rehabilitation from an early age guarantees the recovery of part of their neuromotor abilities. In order to achieve better results in rehabilitation, adaptive sports must adopt a holistic approach to the user considering both the physical and the psycho-perceptual aspects, i.e. the ability to do it but also the feeling of fulfilment in doing it. However, current climbing walls do not include these aspects of the adaptive sport. An adaptive climbing wall design requires identifying a methodology that could lead to a coherent and effective solution, using explicit attention for inclusiveness. The paper describes the Design for Sustainable Behaviour (DfSB) approach adopted to design an adaptive climbing wall as a tool for the rehabilitation of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) by identifying the sustainable, inclusive requirements that consider children’s diversity. The DfSb approach, as user- and use-centred design that create preconditions for a sustainable everyday life, considers the sustainability aspects from two essential points of view. The user's sustainable behaviour, in which inclusiveness is a fundamental part of these attitudes, and the product's sustainability that uses new recycled materials create a more natural environment (similar to climbing in natural environments). Indeed, the project considers first the sustainable behavioural aspects, spreading climbing as a tool to improve the health conditions of CP children, introducing them to climbing by making it accessible and inclusive, intending to help children with different abilities to build trust and awareness of their potentialities, and a sense of accomplishment while training problem-solving and decision-making skills. As a second point of DfSB, the climbing wall and holds are designed with sustainable materials (waste material content) that provide the feeling of natural stone considering the entire product lifecycle. This paper shows how the DfSB approach can support the definition of design requirements of a training tool introducing children with CP to climbing as a natural approach to rehabilitation, making it accessible and inclusive. The project brings children with disabilities closer to the adapted sport through an indoor and democratic recreational activity. Bibliography 1. AA.VV. (2020). What is inclusive design? Inclusive Design Toolkit. University of Cambridge. Retrieved from http://www.inclusivedesigntoolkit.com/whatis/whatis.html 2. Canina M., Parise C., Bruno C. (2020). An Inclusive Design Approach for Designing an Adaptive Climbing Wall for Children with CP. 3. DesignCouncil. (2020). What is the framework for innovation? Retrieved from https://www.designcouncil.org.uk/news-opinion/what-framework-innovation-design-councils-evolved-double-diamond 4. Dixon-Fyle, S., Dolan, K., Hunt, V., Prince, S.: Diversity wins! How inclusion matters, pp. 1–12. McKinsey Co. (2020) 5. Persson, H., Åhman, H., Yngling, A. A., & Gulliksen, J. (2015). Universal design, inclusive design, accessible design, design for all: different concepts—one goal? On the concept of accessibility—historical, methodological and philosophical aspects. Universal Access in the Information Society, 14(4), 505–526. 6. Reljin, V. (2019). Effects of Adaptive Sports on Quality of Life in Individuals with Disability. Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects., 822. 7. United Nations Department of Global Communications. (2015). Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
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Milani, Massimo, Luca Montorsi, Luca Fontanili, Salvatore Rossini, and Roberto Citarella. "Integration Protocol of Different Measurement Methods for the Analysis of the Physiological and Biomechanical Efficiency of a Professional Athlete." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11774.
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Abstract The paper focuses on the methodology for the analysis of the physiological and biomechanical efficiency of a professional athlete for integrating the standard preparation routine. The proposed methodology combines an in-house developed prototype of multiple uniaxial force plates for the measurement of the vertical component of ground reaction forces during movement and an infrared motion capture technique is adopted for measuring accurately the body motion. The procedure is applied on a top level professional volley player and integrates the working routines used for the training over an entire season. The dynamic performance of the athlete is measured in terms of fatigue threshold and the aerobic workload. The proposed methodology demonstrates to be an accurate and reliable instrument for quantifying, for both slow and fast movements, the efficiency with which the athlete reaches the defined training targets and the precision achieved in developing an exercises’ routine. Furthermore, the dynamic response of the athlete is also measured by evaluating the position of the body during the workload as well as the speed of the movements and the corresponding interaction with the ground. This analysis verifies if an asymmetrical loading of the lower limbs and the power exerted during the impulsive contact phase with the ground. The measurements carried out during the analysis provide a map of the athlete performances during an entire season training and the mono- and bi-podalic movements could be associated with the time evolution of the athletic results, such as jumping length and height, speed, precision. Therefore, inefficiencies in the postural and technical aspects during the training can be measured and thus corrected leading to an improvement of the performance and to a reduction of the possibility for injuries onset.
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Tónix Cuahutle, Yuliana, Donovan Esqueda Merino, Ricardo Jaramillo Godinez, Hector Rafael Morano Okuno, Luis Enrique Villagómez Guerrero, and Oliver Gómez Meneses. "Developing anthropometrics competency-based learning with a simplified CAD model of a person." In 15th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005185.
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In today's competitive markets, companies must prioritize user needs to ensure the preference and recommendation of their products. This paper explores the evolution of product development from Raymond Loewy's era to modern times, emphasizing the crucial role of ergonomic factors for both end users and labor workers. Today, as we navigate highly competitive markets, the preference and recommendation of a company's products over competitors' offerings lie in the hands of discerning consumers. The journey from pioneers era to the present has witnessed a paradigm shift, where the development of materials, aesthetics, and, most critically, human factors, has become instrumental not only for end-users but also for the well-being of labor workers.Modern engineers face the challenge of considering not only customer desires but also essential human factors that impact product usability and overall user experience. Human factors, encompassing physiological, psychological, cognitive, and organizational aspects, have become pivotal in product design since the industrial era. Ergonomics and anthropometrics play a key role in physical product and workstation design, influencing comfort, safety, and long-term health. The importance of realize and connect with reality how software can not only simplify the task but also help to develop better models and prototypes considering design aspects and developing a systematical thinking is relevant for the activity developed at class and the one we discuss.This study emphasizes the significance of incorporating these factors into the design process, employing a human-centered design approach. Through the use of some Computer-Aided Design models requiring the adaptation of the team's measurements, this paper emphasizes the importance of bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application in mechatronic engineering education. By integrating anthropometric design activities in their undergraduate junior year, students can develop a deeper understanding of human factors, contributing to their preparedness for the dynamic challenges of the industry. This approach not only enhances students' academic journey but also fosters a systematic design mindset, prompting reflection on the 'why' of design creation alongside the 'how.'To validate the results, students filled-up an entry and an exit survey in a Likert-Scale. This survey focused on the understanding and empowerment of human factors in product design. Looking at the data we identified that while most students marked a higher empowerment in relation to the entry survey, some of them indicated a lower value possibly due to the fact that they realized that accounting for human factors is more complicated than what they originally thought. Academically, new generations of students would benefit from these practices where they would be able to connect with the principal requirements for product, service or system design that are in their immediate environment and from where they could obtain the principal insights assists by accurate software. Professionally, future professionals and the industry will complement each other to work together and make the better for the human needs in an industry that is constantly growing and that needs to consider every aspect of human life; therefore the use and development of anthropometric aspects would be consider as a medullar part of human centered design and how design and engineering converse in an universe where both are disciplines that can converge in and out a classroom. From exercises like the one presented here our graduates will be adept in the agile management of multidisciplinary projects, showcasing their versatility and capacity to navigate the complexities inherent in collaborative endeavors.