Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Exercices physiques – Physiologie'
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Vercruyssen, Fabrice. "Influence de la cadence de pédalage sur les paramètres métaboliques et neuromusculaires lors d'un enchaînement cyclisme-course à pied de durée prolongée chez des triathlètes." Toulon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOUL0006.
Full textVille, Nathalie. "Compréhension des facteurs limitant la tolérance à l'exercice du sujet transplanté cardiaque et implications dans la mesure indirecte de la performance physique." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON14003.
Full textMessner, Patrick. "Rôle de la fonction pulmonaire dans la limitation à l'exercice musculaire d'origine cardiaque." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON1T019.
Full textBrun, Jean-Frédéric. "Influence des facteurs métaboliques de la glycorégulation sur la rhéologie sanguine : application à la physiologie de l'exercice physique." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11280.
Full textReland, Sylvia. "Effets de l'activité physique sur la variabilité sinusale de la fréquence cardiaque : études cliniques chez la femme senior et expérimentale chez le rat agé." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN1B076.
Full textLaunay, Thierry. "Etude des effets du changement d'activité physique sur la plasticité musculaire et sur la morphogenèse du membre chez l'amphibien urodèle Pleurodeles waltii." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05S031.
Full textGalvani, Christel. "Effet de l’activité physique et du régime diététique sur une population de grands obèses à court et à long terme." Rennes 2, 2008. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00293704/fr/.
Full textThis study deals with the comparison of different training protocols for healthy severe obese subjects in terms of body weight and body composition, physiological and health related enhancement parameters. All subjects participated in an integrated body mass eduction program (duration: 3 weeks), consisting in: a) energy-restricted diet, b) nutritional education, c) psychological counseling, d) exercise training. All tests were performed the day before the beginning of the integrated program and repeated after 3 weeks (end of the first intervention phase of the program) and once again during a day hospital organized 1 y after the beginning of the treatment. These are the major findings of this research: 1) all behavioral interventions structured in this study provided positive effects at short-term for weight loss and body composition, physiological and health parameters and at the long-term for weight-maintenance; the studied interventions had a positive effect on lifestyle modification because inactive obese subjects had increase their physical activity level (PAL); 2) 30 min of moderate aerobic exercise 5 days/week has been well tolerated during a low caloric diet and it is the PAL we suggest to maintain; 3) strength training has been an important component of the weight loss program at short-term to enhance maximal strength but has not allowed to preserve fat free mass; 4) an increase in intensity has not been necessary at the short-term, since it has not determined any advantages. At the end of this study we can conclude that in our opinion the greatest obesity challenge is to find how to obtain a permanent lifestyle modification for obese subjects
Martin, Vincent. "Intérêts et limites de l'électrostimulation pour l'évaluation, le traitement et la prévention des altérations neuromusculaires induites par l'exercice excentrique." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOS073.
Full textMelin, Bruno. "Déshydratation - réhydratation et exercice musculaire en ambiance chaude : effets sur la performance physique, les régulations cardio-respiratoire et thermique, le bilan hydrominéral et son contrôle hormonal." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO1T148.
Full textMessonnier, Laurent. "Cinétique d'échange et de disparition du lactate après l'exercice intense : effets de l'entraînement et influence sur la performance." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10282.
Full textJutand, Luce. "Fatigue et contrôle des muscles inspiratoires à l'exercice." Poitiers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009POIT2276.
Full textThis work aimed firstly to determine the duration and intensity of the exercice inducing diaphragmatic central fatigue. We tested the presence of the diaphragmatic central fatigue for three exercice durations (5,15 and 40 minutes) keeping the same intensity of exercice (55% of V̇O2max). The diaphragmatic central fatigue was present for a duration of 40 minutes. This fatigue would settle in progressively with time. On a second time, we checked if the exercice intensity influenced this fatigue. We checked the presence of diaphragmatic central fatigue for different intensities of exercice (40%, 55%, 75% of V̇O2max) keeping the same duration (15 minutes). The central diaphragmatic fatigue was absent, whatever the intensity of exercice. In a third work, we studied the ventilatory control during exercice. We checked if premotor potentials, which are evidences of the premotor cortex activation, were present during exercices of different intensities (40% et 70% of V̇O2max) and during a moderate exercice with resistive inspiratory load (40% de V̇O2max with a load of 5cmH2O). We did not observe any premotor preinspiratory activity, suggestive of an absence of cortical contribution of human ventilation during exercise
Soudain-Pineau, Mickaël. "Statistiques appliquées à la physiologie du sport dans l’exploration des variables influençant la performance chez les cyclistes." Reims, 2008. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000981.pdf.
Full textFirst, we studied a population of 112 cyclists divided into three levels amateurs. These subjects carried out an incremental test by three minute old stage. Anthropometric variables like physiological and physical were studied at two times, at the lactic threshold and at the maximum of the for each individual. We used discriminant analysis to obtain with the lactic threshold a linear discriminant function and in max a quadratic discriminant function made up of the most significant variables. Then, for 213 professional cyclists, we had the values of several hormones before and after an incremental test. We also had physical and physiological parameters for each athlete. We studied the behavior of these hormones and the impact of the physical and physiological parameters on the excepted values. The multiple regression analysis allowed to establish a linear model made up of the most significant parameters explaining the power. Finally, the study of the lactatemy taken at an incremental exercise and for 10 minutes after exercice for a population of professional cyclists allowed, using an existing model, to modeling the blood lactate reaction. This function describing the blood lactate evolution throughout all exercice duration allow to carry out a simulation on the return to a basal level
Bret, Carine. "Qualités neuro-musculaires et métabolisme du lactate : relation avec la performance sur 100 m et dans différentes spécialités athlétiques (400 à 1500 m)." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10240.
Full textLemoine, Sophie. "Détection du récepteur musculaire des oestrogènes : influence du sexe, de l'entraînement et de la typologie." Rennes 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN20047.
Full textEstrogens exert, in women, significant muscle effects during exercise. Their actions via specific receptors suppose the presence of estrogen receptors in skeletal muscle. The presence of estrogen receptor alpha mRNA (ERα mRNA) was investigated in human skeletal muscle by Nested Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction technique (Nested RT-PCR). ERα mRNA was detected in male and female deltoid muscles as well as in female pectoral muscle. There is no gender difference in ERα mRNA levels in skeletal muscle. In order to observe endurance training effect on ERα expression in skeletal muscle, male and female rats were trained during 7 weeks. ERα mRNA levels were determinated by RT-PCR. These levels increased in the female trained group but not in the male trained group. This adaptation, observed on intermediate muscle, was determined in muscles with different typology. ERα mRNA levels were estimated in intermediate muscle (gastrocnemius), slow twitch muscle (soleus) and fast twitch muscle (Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL). In the control group, ERα mRNA level was significantly higher in soleus muscle compared to gastrocnemius and eXtensor digitorum longus muscles. After training, ERα mRNA level was significantly higher in soleus and gastrocnemius muscles compared to extensor digitorum longus muscle. Indeed, ERα mRNA level significantly increased in gastrocnemius muscle, significantly decreased in EDL and was not significantly modified in soleus
Gauché, Elodie. "Etude des altérations neuromusculaires au cours d'exercices à dominante excentrique : influence du type d'exercice, de la durée et du niveau d'expertise." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05S022.
Full textThe purpose of the present work is to analyse the effect workload on the neuromuscular fatigue and to determine the influence of the nutritional antioxidant contribution on the muscular recovery and the evolution of the markers of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, muscular damage, and ignition during the first two days which follow an eccentric exercise. The first study evaluates the neuromuscular fatigue following high versus low intensity eccentric exercise corresponding to the same amount of work. These results indicate that muscle fatigue appears independent of the intensity of eccentric contractions when total work performed is the same. The two following studies examined the effects of vitamins and minerals complex supplementation on the neuromuscular recovery, oxidative stress, and tissue damage induced by the eccentric exercise. The results of the two last studies indicate that an antioxidants nutritional contribution did not reducethe alterations of the maximal force generating capacity of the knee extensor muscles after exercise. The contractile properties alterations seem to result respectively from a reduction central mechanisms and a dysfunction of the excitation-contraction coupling process. Nevertheless, the dietary supplementation elicits a modest and faster improvement in maximal isometric voluntary contraction recovery at 48 hours after a prolonged trail running race. Moreover, it seems to minimize the chronic ignition related to ageing. The whole of this experimentation work suggests that the mechanical and oxidative stress eccentric contractions induced a muscular fatigue and tissue damage at the origin of the contractile capacities failure which can be limited by an increase in the nutritional antioxidant contribution
Chakir, Abderrazzak. "Etude des effets de l'exposition intermittente à l'hypoxie hypobare sur la performance du rat à l'endurance." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10164.
Full textBoussana, Alain Marc. "Enchaînement cyclisme-course à pied et triathlon : effets sur la performance des muscles respiratoires et la fonction pulmonaire." Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON14002.
Full textRaberin, Antoine. "Hypoxémie induite à l'exercice (HIE) et adaptations à l'exercice d'athlètes entraînés en endurance lors de l'acclimatation en altitude modérée : approche globale, systémique et cellulaire." Thesis, Perpignan, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PERP0039.
Full textExercise-induced hypoxemia (EIH) is a phenomenon characterized by a drop of oxygen arterial pressure and saturation. EIH is often present in endurance-trained athletes, given their intensive aerobic training, which pushes the muscular, cardiovascular and pulmonary systems to their limits. EIH prevalence is more than 70% during a running exercise. Moreover, endurance-trained athletes often perform in high altitudes for competition, competition preparation or training camps. With altitude elevation, the drop in barometric pressure leads to a decrease in oxygen availability. This condition in return, results in hypoxic stress. In order to manage the latter, different adaptations take place, in order to allow sufficient oxygen supply maintenance to human tissues. During an exercise at sea level, EIH and non-EIH athletes reached the same maximal oxygen uptake, but altitude is a harmful environment for performance and its consequences could be more significant in EIH athletes. The putative potentiation of EIH and hypoxic stress effects could decrease further oxygen availability. The purpose of this study was therefore to test the hypothesis that responses to exercise at sea level and in altitude are not the same in EIH and non-EIH athletes. Therefore, we have studied responses to exercise in normoxia and during exercise in acute (from minutes to few hours) and prolonged (after five days of exposure) moderate hypoxia. The first study reports an exacerbate cerebral deoxygenation, a drop-in muscle oxygenation during exercise in normoxia, and an inadequate muscle and cerebral adaptation to exercise in acute hypoxia. Studies 2 and 3 show specific responses to exercise but also at rest, during the first five days of altitude exposure. Indeed at rest, EIH athletes have lower oxygen saturation than control athletes. Despite the persistence of EIH, compensatory mechanisms occurred at cerebral and cardiac levels, possibly due to differences in pro-antioxidant balance. These mechanisms allowed EIH athletes to have similar performance than control group after 1 and 5 days of exposure. Study 4 reports that blood viscosity and pulmonary hemodynamics are not implicated in the greater drop of resting arterial saturation exhibited by EIH athletes during exposure to hypoxia. Study 5 indicates a specific vasodilatator response to exercise in EIH group at sea level and after 5 days in altitude. This entire study shows that EIH is harmful for performance in acute hypoxia and it can lead to specific responses to exercise in both normoxia and hypoxia, which probably takes place in order to counterbalance the drop in oxygen arterial saturation. Thus, EIH must be taken into account when considering performance in hypoxia. EIH interactions with training modalities must therefore be further studied and understood, and in particular with respect to hypoxic training
Gastinger, Steven. "Mesure ambulatoire des mouvements thoraciques et abdominaux : développement d’un prototype pour l’estimation de la dépense énergétique." Phd thesis, Rennes 2, 2010. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00585127/fr/.
Full textCurrently physical inactivity is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a major risk factor of morbidity and mortality. It is comparable with a disease which would be the 10th cause of mortality in the world. In the European countries and in France particularly, physical activity has decreased by approximately 15% these twenty last years. It results from many deaths, many diseases and billions expenses of medical treatment each year. Moreover, numerous studies indicate that regular physical activity prevents metabolic disorders, bringing a decrease in morbidity and mortality associated. Nevertheless, many questions remain unanswered about the relationship between physical activity (dose) and its health benefits (the response). These reflections are major society issues and justify the interest on the development of new methods to estimate energy expenditure. The aim of this thesis is to propose a new method to estimate energy expenditure. The activities explored are body postures (sitting and standing) and ambulatory activity (walking activity), which represent the major part of energy expenditure in free-living conditions. Thus, our first study showed the interest to use ventilation to estimate energy expenditure during activities of different intensities. Our second study aimed to validate a new device, lightweight, portable and non-invasive able to estimate ventilation from the anteroposterior displacement of the rib cage and abdomen and the axial displacements of the chest wall and the spine. Finally, our third study validates this system as a device able to estimate energy expenditure in resting and exercise conditions
Bieuzen, François. "Influence des propriétés musculaires sur un exercice de locomotion humaine : de l'efficience à la déficience motrice." Phd thesis, Toulon, 2007. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00194541/fr/.
Full textThe purpose of the present work is to determine the influence of the muscular properties of the lower limbs on the locomotor pattern. The first studies (studies n°l and n°2) analyse the relationship between the strength capacity of the lower extremity muscles and the choice of a particular locomotor pattern during cycling. Our results indicate that, on healthy subject, the locomotor pattern is not affected by the muscular characteristics. On the other hand, the muscular properties modify the synergy of the muscle coordination and the criteria of energy and neuromusoular efficiency during locomotion. The three following studies (3, 4 and 4bis) aim to characterize the effects of various muscular alterations on locomotion. Two methods are used to generate these alterations. The first consists to generate a muscular fatigue from two types of repeated lower limbs contractions (concentric vs. Eccentric) (Study 3). The second method is comparative, and aims to analyze the effects of a fatiguing exercise on the locomotion in two populations with different muscular properties (young vs. Elderly adults) (Studies 4 and 4bis). The results of the study 3 show, on the one hand, that muscular alterations are directly dependent on the type of contraction and, on the other hand, that these alterations specifically modify the locomotor pattern. The two last studies produce two original results, The first result indicates that the alteration of the muscular properties after a fatiguing exercise is potentiated when the subjects have a preliminary muscular insufficiency. The second result shows that, whatever the characteristics of the muscular function, the modification of the locomotor pattern after a fatiguing exercise is always the same. However, this adaptation is accompanied by a reorganization of the muscular cooperation specific to each population. The whole of this experimental work suggests that the muscular properties of the lower limbs, altered or not, do not influence the kinematics of the locomotor pattern. However, they could determine a particular organization of the muscular synergies to produce the movement
Bourzac, Céline. "Effets comparatifs de protocoles de course sur la qualité et la réparation osseuse chez le rat Wistar." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UNIP7061.
Full textIt is now well established that physical exercise has unquestionable beneficial effects on bone tissue and metabolism. However, no consensus regarding the osteogenic effects of exercise on healthy or healing bone has been reached yet. The objective of this work is (i) to evaluate the effects of two running protocols (continuous vs. intermittent) on the parameters of bone quality and bone metabolism, and (ii) to evaluate the preventive effects of these running protocols on bone repair in Wistar rats. We demonstrated here that high-intensity interval-running has positive effects on cortical bone quality, while moderate continuous running has beneficial effects on trabecular bone but is detrimental to cortical bone. These effects also depend on the bone (tibia vs. femur). In addition, our data suggest that both running protocols accelerate the repair of a non-critical bone defect in the tibia but not in the femur, possibly by modulating bone resorption. Associating different types of running is more beneficial to bone health than just one. As part of the refinement of animal models, the use of the tibia would be more suitable to study bone healing than the femur
Kervio, Gaëlle. "Effets de l'insuffisance cardiaque sur les adaptations cardiorespiratoires à l'exercice sous-maximal et exploration de leur régulation par l'étude du système nerveux autonome." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN1B075.
Full textBeliard, Samuel. "Exercice, veines et maladie veineuse chronique : effets de l'exercice et des conditions de récupération." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCE009/document.
Full textThe role of the venous system is central to cardiovascular fonction, yet, in terms of scientific literature, it appears to be the "poor relation" compared to the heart or arterial system. This is true both for the physiological understanding of venous hemodynamics and for the pathophysiological analysis of chronic venous disease and more particularly when the link is made with exercise. The aim of our investigations was to better understand the adaptations of the venous system during physical activity and during the post-exercise recovery period and, to evaluate the impact of chronic venous disease on physical activity and vice versa. We have studied the acute effects of physical activity on venous hemodynamics (evaluation of the calf venous pump), and the effects of various recovery methods ( compression, immersion, calf low frequency electrical stimulation), and we have also explored the consequences of chronic venous disease upon physical activity through the analysis of venous claudication. The main results of our work enabled a better understanding of the adjustments in venous hemodynamics linked to exercise in healthy subjects and to better understand the pathophysiological consequences of high venous pressure on the microcirculation of patients with chronic venous disease. Our findings also provide a detailed understanding of venous hemodynamics during post-exercise recovery and the positive effects of recovery methods on both performance and vascular adjustments. The interdependence of the different organs and tissues (heart, arteries, microcirculation, veins) of the cardiovascular system is an essential element highlighted in this work. Thus, we demonstrated that venous hemodynamics could not be analyzed in isolation, but rather that it should be assessed as a whole by measuring implications on cardiac filling and on tissue exchange, and looking for the part of the splanchnic system and limbs system on systemic venous return. ln conclusion, we have filled some of the gaps in the literature by examining the relationships between veins, physical exercise, recovery and venous pathology. However, questions remain regarding the methodology to be implemented for the evaluation of the venous system and the chronic effects of the intensive physical activity practice on the chronic venous disease prevalence
Chamari, Karim. "Réponses physiologiques aux exercices brefs et intenses : effets du niveau d'aptitude physique et du vieillissement." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON1T010.
Full textDelamarche, Paul. "L'enfant et l'exercice prolongé : adaptations métaboliques et hormonales." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1H185.
Full textBillat, Véronique. "Puissance critique déterminée par la lactatémie en régime continu d'exercice musculaire pour la validation d'une méthode d'évaluation de la capacité maximale aérobie." Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10140.
Full textMourot, Laurent. "Régulation neurovégétative des fonctions cardiovasculaires : étude lors de l'exercice, de l'entraînement, du surentraînement et lors de l'immersion." Phd thesis, Besançon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BESAA006.
Full textWe studied the effects of exercise (with/without exercise training) and water immersion (thermoneutral/cold, short/long duration) on cardiovascular and autonomic nervous system requirements. These responses appeared beneficial in some conditions : thermoneutral water immersion minimizes sympathetic activity and the control requirements; exercise training shifts autonomic control towards p-arasympathetic predominance (supine rest, orthostatism, exercise). Other responses appeared potentially deleterious for subjects with limited functions: post immersion dehydration hampers vasomotor adjustments ; a wrong management of training loads triggers a high sympathetic activation ; cold exposure increases peripheral resistances and activates the two efferent limbs of the autonomic nervous system. These results in healthy subjects provide landmarks for procedure proposaIs to patients in whom rehabilitation through exercise, submerged or not, are now frequently considered
Messan, Folly. "Etude du bronchospasme induit par l’exercice chez des cyclistes professionnels en climat continental et chez des basketteurs amateurs en climat équatorial." Rennes 2, 2007. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00268051/fr/.
Full textIn studies based on questionnaires, asthma prevalence varies from 11% to 20 %. In athletes, the prevalence of exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) is 50-74 % when studied with questionnaires. However, respiratory functional exploration (RFE) tests carried out in this population reveal that EIB prevalence is down to 11-55 %. Regular exercise in cold and dry air is often evoked as a factor promoting EIB. We studied the EIB prevalence in a team of 25 male professional cyclists under continental climate using a combination of interrogation with pharmacodynamic tests and RFE performed at rest and after exercise. The results showed that 68 % of the subjects were symptomatic and 60 % confirmed asthmatic. These results corroborate the studies carried out under the same type of climatic conditions. In order to evaluate a possible effect of the climate, we tested EIB in the hot and wet climate of Benin in 20 amateur basketball players. The combination of questionnaire with pharmacodynamic test and RFE revealed that 55 % of the subjects were symptomatic and 35 % asthmatic. The lack of difference in the results obtained in a continental and in a hot and wet climate indicates that BIE prevalence is not affected by climatic conditions. Consequently the mode of exercise is the major factor initiating and maintaining BIE
Keslacy, Stéfan. "Le rôle des facteurs neuromécaniques dans le contrôle de la ventilation à l'exercice." Montpellier 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON1T004.
Full textBrandou, Frédérique. "Obésité de l'enfant : perturbations de l'insulinosensibilité et de l'utilisation des substrats énergétiques à l'exercice au cours de la puberté : intérêt du réentraînement." Montpellier 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON1T017.
Full textMoro, Cédric. "Rôle physiologique des peptides natriurétiques dans le contrôle de la mobilisation des lipides chez l'homme." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30028.
Full textCaillaud, Corinne. "L'hypoxémie induite par l'exercice chez l'athlète extrème : rôle d'une hypoventilation relative et d'une limitation de la diffusion." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON1T025.
Full textPrioux, Jacques. "Facteurs de variation de la commande centrale inspiratoire, de la ventilation et des échanges respiratoires au cours de l'exercice chez l'homme." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON1T024.
Full textZinoubi, Badrane. "Contributions à l'étude physiologique des exercices sinusoïdaux de courte période." Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100022.
Full textThe aim of the present thesis was to study the adaptations of several physiological variables [heart rate (HR), blood lactate [La],oxygen uptake (VO2), ventilatory variables (VE, VE/VO2), rate of perception of effort (RPE), time limit (tlim), critical velocity (CV)] during sinusoidal exercises (S) with short periods (≤ 20 s) compared with exercises at constant power output with the same average intensity either in running or cycling on an ergometre. Three experimental studies (A, B, and C) have been carried out. In study A, tlim at 90, 100 and 110% Maximal Aerobic Velocity (VMA) were significantly shorter for sinusoidal running exercises but critical velocities were the same for both exercise protocols. In contrast with HR, the values of [La] and RPE were higher for exercises S than for exercises C. In study B, cycling exercises were performed either at steady power outputs (160 and 240 W) or according to a square wave protocol with the same average power outputs (80 watts amplitude, 10 second phases or 20 second phases]. In study B, the values of HR, [La] and RPE were higher with protocol S compared with protocol C. In addition, HR and [La] during 20 second square wave exercises were higher than during 10 second square wave exercises at the same power output. In study C, the values of HR, RPE, VO2, VO24mmol and HR4mmol measured after 10 minute running exercises at 65, 75 and 85% VMA were significantly higher with protocol S when compared with protocol C at the same velocity. The running velocity corresponding to 4mmol. L-1 was higher in protocol C. All the results of this thesis focus on the difference in mechanisms of adaptations answers cardio-respiratory and metabolic function in the exercise modality (continuous vs sinusoidal)
Wouassi, Dieudonné. "Réponses métaboliques et hormonales au cours de l'exercice bref et intense." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON1T023.
Full textTaoutaou, Zohra. "Cinétiques des réponses métaboliques et cardiorespiratoire au cours de la récupération de l'exercice musculaire." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON1T016.
Full textKrichen, Makni Olfa. "Influence des variations du volume plasmatique dans l'interprétation des paramètres biologiques mesurés lors de l'exercice musculaire." Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIE0004.
Full textThe muscular exercise in itself induces physiological changes which affect biological parameters but in addition involves variations of plasmatic volume (hemoconcentration or hemodilution) which bias the results. 126 cyclists male, 8 professional cyclists and 8 cyclists amateur took respectively part in a incremental triangular exercise, a three week stage race (Tour de France), and a longitudinal follow-up. The aims of the study was: 1) to show the importance of the correction of the biological parameters; 2) to determine from which value a necessary correction and 3) to specify the validity of three methods of correction of the measured biological parameters. The main finding of our study are. Even if only one parameter on those which we had studied finds modified significantly after correction and this in spite of the weak caracter of the variation, we consider that it is necessary to carry out. In our opinion the best sweated equations in case of hemoconcentration those are used by Berthoin et al. (2000) and of Kraemer and Brown (1986) which do not show significant differences between them. However, in the event of hémodilution only the equation of Berthoin et al. (2000) gives logical results
Mercier, Béatrice. "Le métabolisme anaérobie lactique au cours de la répétition d'exercices brefs et intenses." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON1T016.
Full textNajimi, Abdelhakim. "Mise au point de modèles d'étude in vitro des îlots de Langerhans : application à l'étude de l'inhibition de l'insulino-sécrétion à l'exercice physique par les catécholamines et les opiacés endogènes." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON1T031.
Full textLatrabe, Françoise. "Microcirculation et exercice physique : étude au doppler-Laser." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR25319.
Full textAnselme-Poujol, Florence. "Histamine et hypoxémie induite par l'exercice chez l'athlète extrême." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON1T018.
Full textMiladi, Imed. "Effet du mode de récupération sur les réponses cardiorespiratoires, l'activité électromyographique, la lactatémie et le temps limite suite à la répétition des exercices intermittents supra-maximaux." Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIE0018.
Full textThe present thesis studied the effect of the mode of recovery on the improvement of the performance following intermittent exercises. Healthy and voluntary group of subjects aged 25,66 ± 2,39 years, weight 69,6 ± 8,6Kg and height of 176,7 ± 5,2cm took part in the experiment. The protocol consisted on 2 series of 4 repetitions of 30S at 120% of the MAP on ergocycle. Exercise repetitions are separated by 30S of passive recovery. Two periods of 4min - recovery were carried out between the 2 exercise series and the second series and exercise time limit (Tlim) assessment. During these last exercises, the recovery mode was randomly changed (passive: PR, active: AR or dynamic stretching: SR). The variables assesses were the VO2, MAP, the heart rate (HR), the blood lactate concentration [La] and Tlim as well as the RMS and the MPF from the electromyographic signals. The results show that lowest value of lactate was obtained with RS. The VO2 found during RS ranged between the value obtained during RA and RP. Concerning the FC, not difference was observed between RS and RA. The RMS values found were significantly higher than those obtained during Tlim following RP and RA. The MPF values were significantly lower compared at RA and RP attesting more important fatigue during SR. It is concluded that dynamic stretching recovery (SR) allowed respectively more improvement of Tlim (P<0. 01) than active recovery (AR, P<0. 05) in comparison to passive recovery
Yacono-Lo-Luongo, Michel. "Le concept de seuil anaérobie : essai de corrélation entre les différents seuils décrits." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11146.
Full textBillaut, François. "Exercice intermittent de haute intensité et de très courte durée : Influences de l'heure de la journée, du genre et de l'agencement des temps de récupération." Toulon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUL0008.
Full textEvolution of performances and fatigue processes during intermittent cycling sprints (6-8 s)is analyzed through effects of time of day, gender, and recovery period repartition. Fatigue and recovery processes of anaerobic maximal power output are poorly dependant on biologic rhythms and gender. However, women exhibit greater fatigability than men within the same srpint (P<0,005). The repartition of recovery periods (same total duration : constant, increasing, or decreasing duration)modifies the time of fatigue development (P<0. 05), but do not affect overall performance during series. Owing to neuromuscular activity and inter-muscle coordiantion, the decline in performances during sprints is attributable to fatigue that is peripheral and central in origin
Rupp, Thomas. "Responsabilité de la commande motrice centrale dans la fatigue neuromusculaire." Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON14001.
Full textMercier, Jacques. "Le contrôle ventilatoire au cours de l'exercice musculaire : influence de la période de croissance : sensibilité des centres respiratoires au dioxyde de carbone." Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11305.
Full textFavret, Fabrice. "Modifications du transport de l'oxygène et des récepteurs adrénergiques et muscarines cardiaques au cours de l'acclimatation à l'hypoxie : influence de l'entrainement." Paris 13, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA1300T3.
Full textCavalié, Hélian. "Effets au niveau musculo-squelettique d'un traitement de 8 semaines au clenbuterol, associé ou non à un entraînement de force chez le rat." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF20040.
Full textKeochkerian, David. "Caractérisation de la performance des muscles inspiratoires à l'exercice : effets de pathologies cardio-respiratoires, du vieillissement et de l'entraînement." Amiens, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AMIE0019.
Full textTo assess effects of pathology, aging and training on the performance and adaptation mechanism of the inspiratory muscle during exercise, we have used the tension-time index TT0. 1. This non-invasive index, is easy to use, and gives information on inspiratory muscle neural drive, inspiratory muscle strength, respiratory centers activity normalized by the maximal inspiratory strength and the duty cycle. We have studied many populations which led us to expect a lower inspiratory muscle performance during exercise. Our studies contribute to a better breathing pattern understanding adopted by subject to adapt to physiological (aging) or pathological (cystic fibrosis and congenital heart disease) alteration of the respiratory system. The lower inspiratory muscle performance is the outcome of a greater energy demand for a same workload by the inspiratory muscle
Kippelen, Pascale. "Les désordres respiratoires de l'athlète endurant : de l'hypoxémie induite par l'exercice aux dysfonctions bronchiques." Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON14003.
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