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Journal articles on the topic 'Executive functions'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 May 2024

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1

Diamond, Adele. "Executive Functions." Annual Review of Psychology 64, no. 1 (January 3, 2013): 135–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750.

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2

Miller, Karen J. "Executive Functions." Pediatric Annals 34, no. 4 (April 1, 2005): 310–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0090-4481-20050401-12.

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3

Perrotta, G. "Executive Functions: Definition, Contexts and Neuropsychological Profiles." Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery 4, no. 3 (August 7, 2019): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/058.

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Starting from the concept of "executive functions", we proceeded to describe the object under examination in a more complete and functional way, and their possible role in neuropsychology and developmental psychopathology. The use of statistical methods and clinical observation have allowed us to emphasize the understanding of the multicomponential structure of the processes themselves. Paying particular attention to the psychopathological contents listed in the DSM-V psychiatric manual, the main pathological forms were then analyzed to better contextualize the present discussion, also from a psychotherapeutic point of view, with the preferential choice of the strategic approach for the management of pathological disorders related to the deficit of executive functions
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4

Kolb, Bryan, and Lorenz S. Neuwirth. "Fronto-executive functions." Psychology & Neuroscience 13, no. 3 (September 2020): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pne0000236.

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5

Fuster, Joaquín M. "Executive frontal functions." Experimental Brain Research 133, no. 1 (May 10, 2000): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002210000401.

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6

Sabhesan, S., and S. Parthasarathy. "Executive functions in schizophrenia." Indian Journal of Psychiatry 47, no. 1 (2005): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.46069.

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7

Bobrowicz, Katarzyna, and Samuel Greiff. "Executive Functions in Birds." Birds 3, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 184–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/birds3020013.

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Executive functions comprise of top-down cognitive processes that exert control over information processing, from acquiring information to issuing a behavioral response. These cognitive processes of inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility underpin complex cognitive skills, such as episodic memory and planning, which have been repeatedly investigated in several bird species in recent decades. Until recently, avian executive functions were studied in relatively few bird species but have gained traction in comparative cognitive research following MacLean and colleagues’ large-scale study from 2014. Therefore, in this review paper, the relevant previous findings are collected and organized to facilitate further investigations of these core cognitive processes in birds. This review can assist in integrating findings from avian and mammalian cognitive research and further the current understanding of executive functions’ significance and evolution.
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8

Mac Kay, Ana Paula Machado Goyano. "Executive functions and aging." CoDAS 28, no. 4 (August 4, 2016): 329–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162016056.

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9

Serpell, Zewelanji N., and Alena G. Esposito. "Development of Executive Functions." Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3, no. 2 (July 8, 2016): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2372732216654718.

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10

Bunk, Stefanie, Lukas Preis, Sytse Zuidema, Stefan Lautenbacher, and Miriam Kunz. "Executive Functions and Pain." Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie 30, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 169–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1016-264x/a000264.

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Abstract. A growing body of literature suggests that chronic-pain patients suffer from problems in various neuropsychological domains, including executive functioning. In order to better understand which components of executive functioning (inhibition, shifting and/or updating) might be especially affected by pain and which mechanisms might underlie this association, we conducted a systematic review, including both chronic-pain studies as well as experimental-pain studies. The chronic-pain studies (N = 57) show that pain is associated with poorer executive functioning. The findings of experimental-pain studies (N = 28) suggest that this might be a bidirectional relationship: Pain can disrupt executive functioning, but poorer executive functioning might also be a risk factor for higher vulnerability to pain.
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11

Bayard, Sophie, Valérie Decock Cochne, Muriel Croisier Langenier, Sabine Scholz, and Yves Dauvilliers. "EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS IN NARCOLEPSY." Sleep Medicine 12 (September 2011): S19—S20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1389-9457(11)70069-7.

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12

Helland, Turid, and Arve Asbjørnsen. "Executive Functions in Dyslexia." Child Neuropsychology 6, no. 1 (March 2000): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/0929-7049(200003)6:1;1-b;ft037.

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13

Weiss, E. M., A. Hofer, and W. W. Fleischhacker. "Executive functions in schizophrenia." European Psychiatry 17 (May 2002): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(02)80105-5.

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14

Dana-Gordon, C., J. M. Mazaux, O. Camsouline, C. Platre, and B. N’Kaoua. "Bilingualism and executive functions." Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 56 (October 2013): e334-e335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2013.07.1073.

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15

Campbell, Alana M., Deana B. Davalos, David P. McCabe, and Lucy J. Troup. "Executive functions and extraversion." Personality and Individual Differences 51, no. 6 (October 2011): 720–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.06.018.

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16

Tamura, Ayame, and Yoshinori Sugiura. "Psychopathy and Executive Functions." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 79 (September 22, 2015): 2AM—003–2AM—003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.79.0_2am-003.

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17

Rouw, Romke, Joram van Driel, Koen Knip, and K. Richard Ridderinkhof. "Executive functions in synesthesia." Consciousness and Cognition 22, no. 1 (March 2013): 184–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2012.11.008.

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18

Catipay Campoy, Archer, and Jouhvyn Catipay Campoy. "AUTOMATIC DEPUTATION: IMPACT ON POLICE FUNCTIONS." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 06 (June 30, 2022): 348–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/14894.

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The study aimed todetermine the extent of the exercise of the automatic deputation by the local chief executive as perceived by the respondents and the level of impact of the exercise of automatic deputation by the local chief executive on the different types of police functions. The research study utilized a descriptive methodology. The researchers designed a questionnaire. The statistical tools includedweighted mean, Pearson r Product Moment Coefficient Correlation (r), and theT-Test for Correlated Datain order to determine the significance of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The findings revealed that the extent of the lawful exercise of the automatic deputation by the local chief executive positively impacts police functions. The authority of the mayor to control and supervise the Philippine National Police is an effective instrument of the state which guarantees the delivery of professional and excellent police services to the public. Thus, the authors would like to offer that the police officers should deliver professional services with impartiality and in the interest of the public should conduct themselves in accordance with standards and laws the local chief executive sustains honest adherence to legal mandate in the exercise of control and supervision over the PNP theCongress of the Philippines should review Republic Act 8551 in order to reinforce the mechanisms that would entirely prevent abuses by local chief executives.
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19

Morin, Lisa L. "A Short Report of Parent Reports on Executive Functions." Psychology & Psychological Research International Journal 8, no. 1 (2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/pprij-16000322.

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Results from 45 parent respondents indicated a near-significant relationship between children with intellectual disability (ID) and comorbid autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF-2; Gioia et al., 2015) scale raw scores, emotional control scale and the behavioral regulation index. The manuscript raises an important message about the necessity to better understand the executive functioning and cognitive processes in children with ID, especially those children with comorbid ASD.
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20

Thuaire, F., F. Rondepierre, E. Bacon, G. T. Vallet, I. Jalenques, and M. Izaute. "Executive functions in schizophrenia aging: differential effects of age within specific executive functions." French Journal of Psychiatry 1 (November 2018): S160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2590-2415(19)30410-6.

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21

Thuaire, Flavien, Fabien Rondepierre, Elisabeth Bacon, Guillaume T. Vallet, Isabelle Jalenques, and Marie Izaute. "Executive functions in schizophrenia aging: Differential effects of age within specific executive functions." Cortex 125 (April 2020): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2019.12.003.

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22

Sarma, U. Arathi, and Tissy Mariam Thomas. "Breaking the limits of executive functions: Towards a sociocultural perspective." Culture & Psychology 26, no. 3 (January 7, 2020): 358–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354067x19898673.

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Executive functions refer to the neurocognitive processes that enable conscious control of goal-directed behaviour. Executive functions lay the neural and cognitive foundation for civilisation and culture with its far reaching effects in day-to-day planning, problem-solving, creativity, self-regulation, empathy and cooperative social behaviour. Though a celebrated area of research for cognitive scientists, contemporary studies find that most of the interventions that target executive functions promote academic achievement in children, but fail to transfer to real-life interpersonal situations. This suggests the need for breaking its cognitive shell and conceiving executive function development in the larger sociocultural context. Thus, the present paper inquires into the cultural space that provides collaborative learning experiences for young children to become efficient problem-solvers and empathetic social beings. After reviewing certain theoretical perspectives and research findings, it is concluded that the early experiences of scaffolding by more competent individuals, specific to the social context and culture, are the crucial determinant of positive executive function development and its expression in everyday situations. The process of such sociocultural influences seems to be mediated by learning appropriate rules that guide executive functions. The paper puts forth the need for culture-specific value-based training for children that can potentially improve the internally motivated execution of control in practical situations. Revival of activities inherent in cultures is also found to be a promising option for devising effective training methods.
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23

Qehaja-Osmani, F. "Executive Functions and Life Success:." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 46, no. 8 (2013): 247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20130606-3-xk-4037.00039.

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24

Nikolaeva, Elena I. "Executive functions in early childhood." Comprehensive Child Studies 1, no. 4 (2019): 330–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33910/2687-0223-2019-1-4-330-337.

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25

Rossi, Tainá, Mariane Bernardi Trevisol, Daiane Santos de Oliveira, Daiana Meregalli Schütz, Manuela Polidoro Lima, Tatiana Quarti Irigaray, Camila Rosa de Oliveira, and Luis Henrique Paloski. "Executive Functions in Parkinson’s Disease." Psico-USF 26, no. 3 (September 2021): 439–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-82712021260304.

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Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate executive functions (EFs) in older adults with Parkinson’s disease (PD). It was a cross-sectional and comparative study, composed of 62 participants divided into PD group (n = 31; M age = 75.26; SD age = 7.26) and control group (n = 31; M age = 74.03; SD age = 6.95), aged 61 to 93 years, recruited for convenience in 5 cities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The instruments used were a sociodemographic data questionnaire; MMSE; GDS-15; BIS-11; verbal fluency tasks (FAS and animals), DEX; WCST-64 and FDT. Descriptive analyzes and Student’s t and Chi-square tests were used. The PD group had a lower performance in the WCST-64 and FDT tests compared to controls, indicating worse performance in tasks that required reasoning, cognitive flexibility and processing speed, in addition, showed difficulties in performing tasks that require EF (DEX).
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26

Keon, Thomas L., and Chester I. Barnard. "The Functions of the Executive." Academy of Management Review 11, no. 2 (April 1986): 456. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/258476.

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27

MICHEL, EVA. "Motor coordination and executive functions." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 54, no. 11 (August 30, 2012): 971. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04416.x.

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28

Potvin, Patrice, and Grégoire Borst. "Executive functions and academic learning." Neuroeducation 5, no. 2 (September 19, 2018): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24046/neuroed.20180502.42.

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29

Smith, Pamela K., Nils B. Jostmann, Adam D. Galinsky, and Wilco W. van Dijk. "Lacking Power Impairs Executive Functions." Psychological Science 19, no. 5 (May 2008): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02107.x.

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30

Rydell, Robert J., Katie J. Van Loo, and Kathryn L. Boucher. "Stereotype Threat and Executive Functions." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 40, no. 3 (December 17, 2013): 377–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167213513475.

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31

Shulman, Stanford T. "The Importance of Executive Functions." Pediatric Annals 34, no. 4 (April 1, 2005): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0090-4481-20050401-03.

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32

Vandierendonck, André. "Executive Functions and Task Switching." Psychologica Belgica 40, no. 4 (January 1, 2000): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/pb.963.

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33

Elliott, Rebecca. "Executive functions and their disorders." British Medical Bulletin 65, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bmb/65.1.49.

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34

Cerhan, J. H., D. Tranel, and S. W. Anderson. "Developmental deficits in executive functions." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 11, no. 5 (January 1, 1996): 375–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/11.5.375a.

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35

Tregay, Jenifer, Jane Gilmour, and Tony Charman. "Childhood rituals and executive functions." British Journal of Developmental Psychology 27, no. 2 (June 2009): 283–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/026151008x299737.

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36

Hofmann, Wilhelm, Brandon J. Schmeichel, and Alan D. Baddeley. "Executive functions and self-regulation." Trends in Cognitive Sciences 16, no. 3 (March 2012): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2012.01.006.

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37

Chevignard, M., and F. Poncet. "Ecological assessment of executive functions." Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 56 (October 2013): e344-e345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2013.07.889.

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38

Dincer, E. Dogutepe, H. M. Karakas, and S. Karakas. "Mapping linguistic and executive functions." International Journal of Psychophysiology 69, no. 3 (September 2008): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.05.486.

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39

Pattij, Tommy, Joost Wiskerke, and Anton N. M. Schoffelmeer. "Cannabinoid modulation of executive functions." European Journal of Pharmacology 585, no. 2-3 (May 2008): 458–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.02.099.

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40

Pennington, Bruce F., and Sally Ozonoff. "Executive Functions and Developmental Psychopathology." Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 37, no. 1 (January 1996): 51–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01380.x.

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41

Liu, Mu-En, Yun-Hsuan Chang, Yan-Chiou Ku, Sheng-Yu Lee, Chih-Chung Huang, Shiou-Lan Chen, Shih-Heng Chen, Chun-Hsien Chu, Wen-Chien Liu, and Ru-Band Lu. "Executive functions in elderly men." AGE 34, no. 1 (February 19, 2011): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11357-011-9215-7.

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42

Liu-Ambrose, Teresa. "Resistance Training and Executive Functions." Archives of Internal Medicine 170, no. 2 (January 25, 2010): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2009.494.

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43

Sullivan, Yulia, Fred Davis, and Chang Koh. "Executive Functions and Information Systems Learning." MIS Quarterly 46, no. 2 (May 24, 2022): 813–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.25300/misq/2022/15979.

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Information systems (IS) are complex and effortful, placing ever-greater demands on humans’ executive functions. Executive functions, general-purpose control processes that regulate one’s thoughts and behaviors, are the subject of growing investigation in cognitive psychology. The present research examines the relationship between individuals’ executive functions and IS learning. Using neuropsychological methods from cognitive psychology, we measured three key dimensions of executive functions: working memory, shifting, and inhibition. Two empirical studies were conducted. Study 1 tested the relationship between executive functions and IS learning in a self-paced offline learning environment. Study 2 replicated Study 1 and extended it to include a comparison of two self-paced online learning methods: behavior modeling and text-based learning. Both studies found significant effects of executive functions on IS learning after controlling for known IS learning determinants. Study 2 also showed that declarative knowledge was higher for behavior modeling than for text-based learning. Overall, our research highlights the influence of executive functions on IS learning. This research advances knowledge about determinants of IS learning and opens important research avenues for gaining deeper insights into cognitive mechanisms underlying effective IS learning.
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44

Frolli, Alessandro, Francesco Cerciello, Clara Esposito, Sonia Ciotola, Gaia De Candia, Maria Carla Ricci, and Maria Grazia Russo. "Executive Functions and Foreign Language Learning." Pediatric Reports 14, no. 4 (October 24, 2022): 450–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pediatric14040053.

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Executive functions (EFs) serve as an umbrella term to describe a set of higher-order cognitive abilities that include working memory, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, planning, reasoning, and problem-solving. Various studies suggest that foreign language learning likely promotes executive functions, but others suggest that executive functions could improve foreign language learning. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between executive functions and foreign language learning and how these processes could interact. The sample included 64 children from kindergarten, aged 4–5 years, with no documented neuropsychiatric disorders, and from the middle–high literacy group. They were divided into three groups based on the level of their knowledge of the foreign language. A significant effect of the group on the executive tasks is shown in the comparison of the groups. Children who belonged to a group that had advanced foreign language proficiency had better results in executive tasks. Our results suggest that the higher the level of foreign language proficiency, the higher the performance of the executive tasks. However, we do not know if there is a causal effect between these variables.
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45

Gerasymchuk, V. R., I. F. Uwa-Agbonikhena, L. T. Maksymchuk, M. Yu Kupnovytska-Sabadosh, T. I. Nehrych, O. O. Doroshenko, A. V. Sorokhman, and S. I. Genyk. "COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS CONDITION OF POST-STROKE PATIENTS." PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Pulse, no. 5(57) (April 24, 2019): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21802/10.21802/2304-7437-2019-5(57)-16-21.

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60 patients after a hemispheric ischemic stroke (IS) were examined. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), Trail Making Test A and B (TMT), and the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) were used for the cognitive status assessment. A decrease in the MMSE, FAB and MoCA score compared to the control group (CG) (p<0.05) was observed, with probable differences mainly in the domains of attention (p<0.05) and executive functions (p<0.05). An increase in the time of task execution by 45.5% was detected for TMT A (p <0.05) and 61.9% for TMT B (p <0.01), and violation of CDT performance compared to the CG (p<0.05). Thus, the study of cognitive status using TMT and CDT may be recommended for timely detection of the initial executive functions impairment.
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46

Gerasymchuk, V. R., I. F. Uwa-Agbonikhena, L. T. Maksymchuk, M. Yu Kupnovytska-Sabadosh, T. I. Nehrych, O. O. Doroshenko, A. V. Sorokhman, and S. I. Genyk. "COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS CONDITION OF POST-STROKE PATIENTS." PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Pulse, no. 5(57) (April 24, 2019): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21802/2304-7437-2019-5(57)-16-21.

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60 patients after a hemispheric ischemic stroke (IS) were examined. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), Trail Making Test A and B (TMT), and the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) were used for the cognitive status assessment. A decrease in the MMSE, FAB and MoCA score compared to the control group (CG) (p<0.05) was observed, with probable differences mainly in the domains of attention (p<0.05) and executive functions (p<0.05). An increase in the time of task execution by 45.5% was detected for TMT A (p <0.05) and 61.9% for TMT B (p <0.01), and violation of CDT performance compared to the CG (p<0.05). Thus, the study of cognitive status using TMT and CDT may be recommended for timely detection of the initial executive functions impairment.
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47

García-Pintor, Beatriz, Francisco Manuel Morales-Rodríguez, and José Manuel Pérez-Mármol. "The Association between Executive Function and Performing Instrumental Daily Activities in People with Intellectual Disabilities." Healthcare 11, no. 17 (August 23, 2023): 2374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11172374.

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Institutionalized individuals with intellectual disabilities have few opportunities to participate in instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), which probably affects higher cognitive functions, or vice versa. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the possible difference in the ability to perform IADLs and executive functioning between individuals with and without intellectual disabilities and to determine if executive functions are associated with the performance of IADLs in people with intellectual disabilities. This was a multi-center cross-sectional study, conducted between July 2019 and May 2020. Participants with intellectual disabilities were recruited from four centers for people with intellectual disabilities. Adults without these disabilities were gathered from several community centers. The sample consisted of 90 individuals with moderate intellectual disabilities and 79 individuals with no intellectual disability. Executive functions were evaluated using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—WAIS-IV, the INECO Frontal Screening test, the Semantic Verbal Fluency Test, and the Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome—BADS—Scale. The performance of the IADLs was assessed by the Lawton and Brody Scale. The results showed that the higher the function in instrumental activities, the lower the impairment of executive functions. Executive functions accounted for 81% of the total variance in the ability to perform the IADLs. In conclusion, individuals with moderate intellectual disabilities demonstrated limitations in executing the IADLs, which were partially associated with low performance in executive functions. This information could help in the development of evidence-based intervention programs and facilitate the formulation of appropriate support strategies to enhance participation in these activities.
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48

Ferreira, Larissa de Oliveira e., Daniela Sacramento Zanini, and Alessandra Gotuzo Seabra. "Executive Functions: Influence of Sex, Age and Its Relationship With Intelligence." Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto) 25, no. 62 (December 2015): 383–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-43272562201512.

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AbstractThe Tower of Hanoi is a tool used to evaluate executive functions. However, few studies describe what functions are evaluated in this test. This study investigates the executive functions, evaluated by the Tower of Hanoi (ToH), and the influence of gender, age and its relationship with intelligence. We evaluated 55 children and adolescents, between the ages of ten and 16, without diagnosed neuropsychiatric disorders. The results showed that the performance and time in to complete the Tower of Hanoi have no discriminative power when comparing age groups and sex; there was also no significant correlation found between the ToH and the execution quotient of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Third Edition (WISC III), perceptual organization and the speed of processing. Only the subtest coding were positively related to the ToH, demonstrating that these instruments may be measuring related aspects of intelligence and executive functions, namely intelligence and working memory.
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49

Buczylowska, Dorota, and Franz Petermann. "Age-Related Differences and Heterogeneity in Executive Functions: Analysis of NAB Executive Functions Module Scores." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 31, no. 3 (March 6, 2016): 254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acw005.

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50

Czermainski, Fernanda Rasch, Felipe Ornell, Luciano Santos Pinto Guimarães, Félix Kessler, Lísia Von Diemen, and Rosa Maria Martins De Almeida. "Assessment of executive functions and inhibitory control in alcohol and crack use disorders." Psico 49, no. 1 (April 4, 2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1980-8623.2018.1.25877.

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This study assessed executive functions and inhibitory control in alcohol and crack users, as previous research suggests an association between substance-related disorders and impaired self-regulation and impulse control. In this study, 67 men aged 18-65 years completed the following instruments: sociodemographic questionnaire, Vocabulary and Matrix Reasoning (Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence), Five Digit Test, and Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome. Alcohol and crack users showed deficits involving processing speed, response inhibition, flexibility, abstraction, planning, and monitoring. Analysis per type of drug revealed poorer cognitive performance among alcohol users. Years of drug use were associated with planning deficits. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis of an association between drug abuse and cognitive changes. In conclusion, impairments in executive functioning and inhibitory control were found in the study samples.***Avaliação das funções executivas e controle inibitório nos transtornos por uso de álcool e crack***Este estudo investigou as funções executivas e o controle inibitório em usuários de álcool e crack, pois pesquisas prévias sugerem associação entre os transtornos relacionados a substâncias e o comprometimento das capacidades de autorregulação e de controle dos impulsos. Neste estudo, 67 homens com idades entre 18-65 anos responderam aos seguintes instrumentos: questionário sociodemográfico, Vocabulário e Raciocínio Matricial (Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence), Five Digit Test e Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome. Os usuários de álcool e crack apresentaram déficits envolvendo velocidade de processamento, inibição de respostas, flexibilidade, abstração, planejamento e monitoramento. A análise por droga de abuso revelou desempenho cognitivo inferior entre os alcoolistas. O tempo de abuso de drogas foi associado a déficits de planejamento. Esses achados são consistentes com a hipótese de associação do abuso de drogas com alterações cognitivas. Em conclusão, foram observadas alterações do funcionamento executivo e do controle inibitório nas amostras de usuários avaliadas.
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