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Journal articles on the topic 'Executive functioning'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 21 February 2023

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1

Sun, Miao-Kun. "Executive functioning." Behavioural Pharmacology 29, no. 7 (October 2018): 592–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/fbp.0000000000000427.

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2

Hunt, Amelia R., and Alan Kingstone. "Multisensory executive functioning." Brain and Cognition 55, no. 2 (July 2004): 325–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2004.02.072.

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3

Bapte, Aditi, and Kailash Chandra Vashistha. "“Hill, Skill, and Will”: Dyscalculia and Executive Functioning." Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education 15, no. 5 (July 1, 2018): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.29070/15/57510.

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4

Rutherford, Helena J. V., Simon P. Byrne, Michael J. Crowley, Jonathan Bornstein, David J. Bridgett, and Linda C. Mayes. "Executive Functioning Predicts Reflective Functioning in Mothers." Journal of Child and Family Studies 27, no. 3 (November 13, 2017): 944–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0928-9.

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5

Allain, P. "Theories of executive functioning." Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 56 (October 2013): e340-e341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2013.07.883.

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6

Dixson, Dante D., and Stefanie Gill Scalcucci. "Psychosocial perceptions and executive functioning: Hope and school belonging predict students' executive functioning." Psychology in the Schools 58, no. 5 (January 15, 2021): 853–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pits.22475.

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7

Gailliot, Matthew T. "Unlocking the Energy Dynamics of Executive Functioning: Linking Executive Functioning to Brain Glycogen." Perspectives on Psychological Science 3, no. 4 (July 2008): 245–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00077.x.

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8

Serhiienko, N. A. "NORMS OF LAW GOVERNING THE ORGANIZATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ENFORCEMENT OF DECISIONS IN UKRAINE, IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE LEGAL SYSTEM OF UKRAINE." Actual problems of native jurisprudence 3, no. 3 (June 2021): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/392144.

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In the scientific article the approaches of scientists-lawyers to detecting the place of legal norms, which regulate the organization and functioning compulsory execution of decisions in Ukraine, on the structure of Ukrainian law system. Analytics is made regarding approaches the object of legal regulation in the sphere of organization and functioning compulsory execution of decisions in Ukraine, and the method. In the article is stated, that relations, that take place during organization and functioning compulsory execution of decisions, are very different on their subjects, composition, the scope of regulation inside the organization and functioning compulsory execution of decisions is characterized as complex. The article contains the summary about that fact, that in the sphere of organization and functioning compulsory execution of decisions coercion is used widely. But authorized coercion is not the single or basic method of regulation relations in the sphere of organization and functioning compulsory execution of decisions. Dispositive method of legal regulation is also widely represented in the sphere of organization and functioning compulsory execution of decisions. During the scientific exploration, made inside this scientific article, there has been stated, that legal regulation of relations, connected with organization and functioning compulsory execution of decisions, is grounded on imperative and dispositive cornerstones. As an examples can be demonstrated the right of the person, mentioned as a creditor in an executive document, to file executive document to execution, the right of debtor to offer kinds of properties of objects, he / she wants to be under enforcement primarily. In the scientific article is summarized, that legal norms, which regulate the organization and functioning compulsory execution of decisions in Ukraine form complex branch of domestic law system. Its complexity connected with complexity of object and method of legal regulation within this branch of law. The author of article offers to name this branch of law as “Executive law of Ukraine”.
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9

Liss, Miriam, Deborah Fein, Doris Allen, Michelle Dunn, Carl Feinstein, Robin Morris, Lynn Waterhouse, and Isabelle Rapin. "Executive Functioning in High‐functioning Children with Autism." Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 42, no. 2 (February 2001): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00717.

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10

Rochette, Émilie, and Annie Bernier. "Parenting and preschoolers’ executive functioning." International Journal of Behavioral Development 40, no. 2 (November 7, 2014): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025414557370.

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A growing body of theoretical and empirical work has been attempting to answer the questions of how and how much of the effects of children’s early experience may depend on their inner characteristics. Theory and evidence suggest that some children, notably those with difficult temperaments, are more susceptible to both negative and positive aspects of parenting. The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether child temperament moderated the links between the quality of mother-infant interactions, observed when children were 1 year of age, and two components of child executive functioning (EF) at 3 years, namely impulse control and conflict EF, among 74 mother–child dyads. The results were consistent with the notion that children with more difficult temperaments may be more susceptible to maternal behaviors than children with less difficult temperaments, but only regarding the development of impulse control abilities. There was no clear evidence of such moderation for conflict EF. These results support the idea that distinct mechanisms may underlie the development of different dimensions of child EF.
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11

Bull, Rebecca, and Kerry Lee. "Executive Functioning and Mathematics Achievement." Child Development Perspectives 8, no. 1 (February 11, 2014): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12059.

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12

Lee, Kerry, Rebecca Bull, and Ringo M. H. Ho. "Developmental Changes in Executive Functioning." Child Development 84, no. 6 (April 1, 2013): 1933–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12096.

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13

Jack, Bergman, Vanderschuren Louk, Ellenbroek Bart, and Willner Paul. "The pharmacology of executive functioning." Behavioural Pharmacology 29, no. 7 (October 2018): 557–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/fbp.0000000000000444.

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14

Jack, Bergman, Vanderschuren Louk, Bart Ellenbroek, and Willner Paul. "The pharmacology of executive functioning." Behavioural Pharmacology 29, no. 8 (December 2018): 665–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/fbp.0000000000000457.

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15

Entwistle, P. C., C. A. Leavell, and J. Fierstien. "Verbal learning and executive functioning." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 11, no. 5 (January 1, 1996): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/11.5.388.

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16

Hobson, Peter, and Lesley Leeds. "Executive functioning in older people." Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 11, no. 4 (November 2001): 361–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959259801011479.

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There are estimated to be more than 18 million people world-wide suffering from dementia and, on entering the twenty-first century, demographic projections suggest that there will be a significant growth in elderly populations due to decreasing infant mortality, improved public health and safety, medical advances, better education and housing and increased service provision. These population shifts will predictably lead to a greater demand on medical and welfare services.Despite the fact that a sizeable proportion of the elderly population will at some time develop cognitive problems, accurate diagnosis is difficult due to the multiple pathology involved in these impairments. With the introduction of pharmacological treatments for cognitive impairments, the emphasis on establishing if people are suffering from a dementing illness is crucial. Furthermore, patients who are categorized as ‘subclinical’ cases of cognitive impairment often have an underlying risk for further progression. Although all clinical definitions of dementia stress that there must be evidence of intellectual decline, the most common being memory failure, there is confusion surrounding the nature of cognitive deficits in the three most commonly applied criteria for dementia – The International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM–IV) and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Strokes (NINDS), Association Internationale pour le Recherche et l’Enseignement en Neurosciences (AIREN).
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17

Entwistle, P. "Verbal learning and executive functioning." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 11, no. 5 (1996): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0887-6177(96)83877-7.

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18

Dumont, L., S. El Mouderrib, and H. Théoret. "Impact of tDCS on executive functioning and executive domains." Brain Stimulation 10, no. 2 (March 2017): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.155.

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19

von Hippel, William. "Aging, Executive Functioning, and Social Control." Current Directions in Psychological Science 16, no. 5 (October 2007): 240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00512.x.

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Aging is associated with atrophy of the frontal lobes of the brain, which are the seat of executive functions. Because successful social functioning often requires executive control, aging can lead to unintended social changes via deficits in executive control. In this article I review evidence that, due to losses in executive control, aging leads to increased prejudice and social inappropriateness and, under certain circumstances, increased depression and problem gambling. I then discuss theory and research suggesting possible interventions that might ameliorate unwanted social changes brought about by executive decline.
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20

Casey, B. J., Yolanda C. Vauss, Amy Chused, and Susan E. Swedo. "Cognitive functioning in sydenham's chorea: Part 2. executive functioning." Developmental Neuropsychology 10, no. 2 (January 1994): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/87565649409540570.

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21

Nilsen, Elizabeth S., Vanessa Huyder, Tara McAuley, and Dana Liebermann. "Ratings of Everyday Executive Functioning (REEF): A parent-report measure of preschoolers’ executive functioning skills." Psychological Assessment 29, no. 1 (January 2017): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pas0000308.

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22

Mandell, Dorothy J., and Sarah E. Ward. "Building the blocks of executive functioning: Differentiating early developing processes contributing to executive functioning skills." Developmental Psychobiology 53, no. 8 (May 11, 2011): 796–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dev.20552.

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23

Bunk, Stefanie, Lukas Preis, Sytse Zuidema, Stefan Lautenbacher, and Miriam Kunz. "Executive Functions and Pain." Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie 30, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 169–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1016-264x/a000264.

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Abstract. A growing body of literature suggests that chronic-pain patients suffer from problems in various neuropsychological domains, including executive functioning. In order to better understand which components of executive functioning (inhibition, shifting and/or updating) might be especially affected by pain and which mechanisms might underlie this association, we conducted a systematic review, including both chronic-pain studies as well as experimental-pain studies. The chronic-pain studies (N = 57) show that pain is associated with poorer executive functioning. The findings of experimental-pain studies (N = 28) suggest that this might be a bidirectional relationship: Pain can disrupt executive functioning, but poorer executive functioning might also be a risk factor for higher vulnerability to pain.
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24

Kudlicka, Aleksandra, Linda Clare, and John V. Hindle. "Awareness of Executive Deficits in People with Parkinson's Disease." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 19, no. 5 (February 15, 2013): 559–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617713000064.

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AbstractExecutive functioning is frequently impaired among people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Little is known about awareness of executive functioning, in the sense of being able to accurately appraise functioning or performance, in people with PD, or about whether awareness is particularly affected in those who have impaired executive functioning. This study explored awareness of executive functioning at the levels of evaluative judgment (comparison of self- and informant ratings of executive functioning), and performance monitoring (comparison of performance on cognitive tests and self-ratings of that performance). Awareness levels were assessed in people with PD with and without executive deficits, and in healthy controls. When the level of agreement between self- and informant ratings was considered, people with PD in both groups appeared as accurate in evaluating their overall executive functioning as healthy controls. When appraising their performance as the specific tasks were completed, people with PD who had impairments in executive functioning appeared less accurate than controls and people with PD without executive impairments. People with PD who have executive deficits may lack the ability to recognize their limitations while performing specific tasks, which may have implications for their functional abilities. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–12.)
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25

Gehlert, Kurt M., Thomas H. Ressler, Nicholas H. Anderson, and Nicole M. Swanson. "A method to improve the coach-participant match in executive coaching." Coaching Psychologist 9, no. 2 (December 2013): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpstcp.2013.9.2.78.

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To prepare executives for the competitive and dynamic world of business, MBA and EMBA programmes have begun using executive coaching to develop high-functioning executives. Of the top 10 EMBA programmes discussed in the 2011 US News and World Report, all offered some form of executive coaching to their students. Despite this, many programmes are unsure of how to effectively utilise coaching with their students. This article presents a four-step method developed to facilitate student self-awareness and optimise matching with an executive coach. Because of the critical importance of the coach-participant match in coaching outcome, this method is presented as a way to optimise the efficiency and effectiveness of executive coaching with MBA and EMBA students.
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26

Albert, Avery B., Tamara Abu-Ramadan, Wendy R. Kates, Wanda Fremont, and Kevin M. Antshel. "Childhood Executive Functioning Predicts Young Adult Outcomes in22q11.2Deletion Syndrome." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 24, no. 9 (October 2018): 905–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617718000784.

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AbstractObjective:While individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) are at increased risk for a variety of functional impairments and psychiatric disorders, including psychosis, not all individuals with 22q11DS experience negative outcomes. Efforts to further understand which childhood variables best predict adult functional outcomes are needed, especially those that investigate childhood executive functioning abilities.Methods:This longitudinal study followed 63 individuals with 22q11DS and 43 control participants over 9 years. Childhood executive functioning ability was assessed using both rater-based and performance-based measures and tested as predictors of young adult outcomes.Results:Childhood global executive functioning abilities and parent report of child executive functioning abilities were the most consistent predictors of young adult outcomes. The study group moderated the relationship between child executive functioning and young adult outcomes for several outcomes such that the relationships were stronger in the 22q11DS sample.Conclusion:Rater-based and performance-based measures of childhood executive functioning abilities predicted young adult outcomes in individuals with and without 22q11DS. Executive functioning could be a valuable target for treatment in children with 22q11DS for improving not only childhood functioning but also adult outcomes.(JINS,2018,24, 905–916)
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27

Manning, Kevin J., George S. Alexopoulos, Amanda R. McGovern, Sarah Shizuko Morimoto, Genevieve Yuen, Theodora Kanellopoulos, and Faith M. Gunning. "Executive Functioning in Late-Life Depression." Psychiatric Annals 44, no. 3 (March 1, 2014): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20140306-06.

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28

Millichap, J. Gordon. "Executive Functioning after Traumatic Brain Injury." Pediatric Neurology Briefs 22, no. 7 (July 1, 2008): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15844/pedneurbriefs-22-7-7.

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29

Baker, Katharine S., Stephen Gibson, Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis, Robert M. Roth, and Melita J. Giummarra. "Everyday Executive Functioning in Chronic Pain." Clinical Journal of Pain 32, no. 8 (August 2016): 673–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ajp.0000000000000313.

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30

Kaufman, Jason A., and Jon A. Jensen. "Meditative Training Improves Undergraduate Executive Functioning." Journal of College Student Psychotherapy 32, no. 2 (October 9, 2017): 163–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/87568225.2017.1366282.

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31

Bialystok, Ellen, and Anne-Marie DePape. "Musical expertise, bilingualism, and executive functioning." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 35, no. 2 (2009): 565–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0012735.

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32

Giancola, Peter R. "Executive Functioning and Alcohol-Related Aggression." Journal of Abnormal Psychology 113, no. 4 (2004): 541–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-843x.113.4.541.

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33

Farvolden, Peter, and Erik Z. Woody. "Hypnosis, Memory, And Frontal Executive Functioning." International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis 52, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/iceh.52.1.3.23926.

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34

Thompson, E. H., and M. Stone. "Executive functioning deficits in sex offenders." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 14, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/14.1.101.

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35

Launay, Jacques, Eiluned Pearce, Rafael Wlodarski, Max van Duijn, James Carney, and Robin I. M. Dunbar. "Higher-order mentalising and executive functioning." Personality and Individual Differences 86 (November 2015): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.05.021.

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36

Holler, Karen, Brian Kavanaugh, and Nathan E. Cook. "Executive Functioning in Adolescent Depressive Disorders." Journal of Child and Family Studies 23, no. 8 (June 28, 2013): 1315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10826-013-9789-z.

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37

Kofler, Michael J., Lauren N. Irwin, Elia F. Soto, Nicole B. Groves, Sherelle L. Harmon, and Dustin E. Sarver. "Executive Functioning Heterogeneity in Pediatric ADHD." Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 47, no. 2 (April 28, 2018): 273–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10802-018-0438-2.

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38

Groza, Victor, Scott D. Ryan, and Sara Thomas. "Institutionalization, Romanian Adoptions and Executive Functioning." Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal 25, no. 3 (April 3, 2008): 185–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10560-008-0120-6.

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39

Mäntylä, Timo, Michael Rönnlund, and Matthias Kliegel. "Components of Executive Functioning in Metamemory." Applied Neuropsychology 17, no. 4 (November 30, 2010): 289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09084282.2010.525090.

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40

Manning, Victoria, Hui Chin Teoh, Song Guo, Kim Eng Wong, and Ting-Kai Li. "Executive functioning in Asian pathological gamblers." International Gambling Studies 13, no. 3 (August 25, 2013): 403–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2013.829516.

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41

Lepach, Anja C., Franz Pauls, and Franz Petermann. "Executive Functioning and Visual Working Memory." Applied Neuropsychology: Adult 22, no. 2 (July 29, 2014): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2013.860603.

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42

Kerns, John G., Keith H. Nuechterlein, Todd S. Braver, and Deanna M. Barch. "Executive Functioning Component Mechanisms and Schizophrenia." Biological Psychiatry 64, no. 1 (July 2008): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.04.027.

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43

Jester, Jennifer M., Joel T. Nigg, Leon I. Puttler, Jeffrey C. Long, Hiram E. Fitzgerald, and Robert A. Zucker. "Intergenerational transmission of neuropsychological executive functioning." Brain and Cognition 70, no. 1 (June 2009): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2009.01.005.

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44

Hass, Michael R., Ashlea Patterson, Jocelyn Sukraw, and Brianna M. Sullivan. "Assessing Executive Functioning: A Pragmatic Review." Contemporary School Psychology 18, no. 2 (January 22, 2014): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40688-013-0002-6.

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45

Newton, Hannah. "Supporting Executive Functioning in a Play-Based Environment." He Rourou 2, no. 1 (October 25, 2022): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54474/herourou.v2i1.7141.

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This project examines how executive function is exercised in a New Zealand primary school. This project aimed to bring together two fields of research: current conceptions of executive functioning and the features of high-quality play-based environments, to uncover the executive functioning skills of children in play and the supports teachers employ in their development. To implement the project, consideration was given to creating an environment that demonstrated quality play practices to support the development of executive functioning. The action research design was undertaken in three iterations that included 16 Year 1 and 2 student participants. The first two iterations focused on capturing student behaviours using researcher observations and audio recordings, and the third used third-party observations to capture teacher behaviour. An observational tool developed by Moreno et al., (2017) was adopted to analyse student and teacher behaviours for markers of executive function. The findings of the project suggested that executive function primarily occurs as conversations outside the play itself as it sets the rules that allow a suspension of reality and push the narrative forward. To maximise executive function in guided play, teachers can use a range of verbal supports to support students' executive functioning and provide many opportunities for children to organise their cognition in self-directed and guided play with an intentional adult. These findings are significant because they support current research trends to place executive functions back into the contexts in which they are embedded (Doebel, 2020). To ground these findings in practice, several classroom-ready resources were created. A reflective questionnaire to support teachers to stocktake their current play practices and shift them towards promoting student executive function. A questioning prompt linked to the items in the observational tool. An executive function checklist to determine strengths and areas of support for executive functioning adapted from Stowell (2018). Future research would focus on how classroom practitioners could use these resources in everyday Year 0–2 classrooms to support teachers wanting to develop executive functioning skills in a play-based environment.
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46

MARIJE BOONSTRA, A., JAAP OOSTERLAAN, JOSEPH A. SERGEANT, and JAN K. BUITELAAR. "Executive functioning in adult ADHD: a meta-analytic review." Psychological Medicine 35, no. 8 (May 12, 2005): 1097–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003329170500499x.

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Background. Several theoretical explanations of ADHD in children have focused on executive functioning as the main explanatory neuropsychological domain for the disorder. In order to establish if these theoretical accounts are supported by research data for adults with ADHD, we compared neuropsychological executive functioning and non-executive functioning between adults with ADHD and normal controls in a meta-analytic design.Method. We compared 13 studies that (1) included at least one executive functioning measure, (2) compared the performance of an adult ADHD group with that of an adult normal control group, (3) provided sufficient information for calculation of effect sizes, and (4) used DSM-III-R or DSM-IV criteria to diagnose ADHD.Results. We found medium effect sizes both in executive functioning areas [verbal fluency (d=0·62), inhibition (d=0·64 and d=0·89), and set shifting (d=0·65)] and in non-executive functioning domains [consistency of response (d=0·57), word reading (d=0·60) and color naming (d=0·62)].Conclusions. Neuropsychological difficulties in adult ADHD may not be confined to executive functioning. The field is in urgent need of better-designed executive functioning tests, methodological improvements, and direct comparisons with multiple clinical groups to answer questions of specificity.
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47

Beckmann, Emily A., and Kristen E. Jastrowski Mano. "Advancing the Measurement of Executive Functioning in Pediatric Chronic Pain." Children 8, no. 8 (July 24, 2021): 630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8080630.

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Youth with chronic pain often report executive functioning difficulties, many of which have been linked to poor treatment adherence and health-related quality of life in adults with chronic pain, as well as in other pediatric chronic health populations. Despite the extensive implications for functional impairment, executive functioning remains understudied in pediatric chronic pain. Measurement approaches have lacked clear theoretical guidance, resulting in only some domains of executive functioning being investigated. To date, the methods used to measure executive functioning have been inconsistent, ranging from self-report measures of everyday executive functioning in home and school contexts to standardized neuropsychological tests. We argue for enhanced measure validation efforts and increased clarity in the approaches chosen to measure executive functioning in pediatric chronic pain to better guide research efforts in this area, thus yielding clearer clinical implications.
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48

Pham, Uyen Ha Gia, Stein Andersson, Mathias Toft, Are Hugo Pripp, Ane Eidahl Konglund, Espen Dietrichs, Ulrik Fredrik Malt, Inger Marie Skogseid, Ira Ronit Hebolt Haraldsen, and Anne-Kristin Solbakk. "Self-Reported Executive Functioning in Everyday Life in Parkinson’s Disease after Three Months of Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation." Parkinson's Disease 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/461453.

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Objective. Studies on the effect of subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) on executive functioning in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are still controversial. In this study we compared self-reported daily executive functioning in PD patients before and after three months of STN-DBS. We also examined whether executive functioning in everyday life was associated with motor symptoms, apathy, and psychiatric symptoms.Method. 40 PD patients were examined with the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version (BRIEF-A), the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R), and the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES-S).Results. PD patients reported significant improvement in daily life executive functioning after 3 months of STN-DBS. Anxiety scores significantly declined, while other psychiatric symptoms remained unchanged. The improvement of self-reported executive functioning did not correlate with motor improvement after STN-DBS. Apathy scores remained unchanged after surgery. Only preoperative depressed mood had predictive value to the improvement of executive function and appears to prevent potentially favorable outcomes from STN-DBS on some aspects of executive function.Conclusion. PD patients being screened for STN-DBS surgery should be evaluated with regard to self-reported executive functioning. Depressive symptoms in presurgical PD patients should be treated. Complementary information about daily life executive functioning in PD patients might enhance further treatment planning of STN-DBS.
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49

Antshel, K. M., S. V. Faraone, K. Maglione, A. E. Doyle, R. Fried, L. J. Seidman, and J. Biederman. "Executive functioning in high-IQ adults with ADHD." Psychological Medicine 40, no. 11 (January 20, 2010): 1909–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291709992273.

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BackgroundTo examine the association between psychological tests of executive functioning and functional outcomes among high-IQ adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).MethodSubjects were high-IQ adults with (n=64) and without ADHD (n=53). Subjects were administered a battery of neuropsychological tests assessing executive functioning.ResultsHigh-IQ adults with ADHD performed less well than those without ADHD on several psychological tests of executive functioning, including the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Stroop Color and Word Test, Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCF), California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) and an auditory continuous performance test (CPT). Test performance in the high-IQ adult ADHD group, however, was average. In the entire sample, performance on several tests of executive functioning including the ROCF and the CVLT were significant predictors of real-world functioning.ConclusionsHigh-IQ adults with ADHD perform less well on tests of executive functioning relative to high-IQ control participants. Performance on several tests of executive functioning was a significant predictor of functioning.
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Wittke, Kacie, Tammie J. Spaulding, and Calli J. Schechtman. "Specific Language Impairment and Executive Functioning: Parent and Teacher Ratings of Behavior." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 22, no. 2 (May 2013): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360(2012/11-0052).

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Purpose The current study used the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function—Preschool Version (BRIEF–P; Gioia, Espy, & Isquith, 2003), a rating scale designed to investigate executive behaviors in everyday activities, to examine the executive functioning of preschool children with specific language impairment (SLI) relative to their typically developing (TD) peers. Method Nineteen preschool children with SLI were age- and gender-matched to 19 TD peers. Both parents and teachers of the participants completed the BRIEF–P. Results The executive functioning of children with SLI were rated significantly worse than those of controls by both parents and teachers. Adults' perceptions of the children's executive functioning significantly correlated with the children's language abilities. Conclusion Parent and teacher perceptions of executive functioning in children with SLI align with prior findings of executive deficits that have been documented on neuropsychological assessments and experimental tasks. Furthermore, the results provide additional supporting evidence of the relationship between language abilities and executive functioning in early child development.
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