Academic literature on the topic 'Executive attention tactile'

Introduction. Previously, the authors conducted a series of studies of changes in the bioelectric activity (BEA) of the brain of patients while an osteopath was working with them. Data on the specific response of the brain to osteopathic effects allow us to explain many mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of osteopathy. It is of interest to study the nature of changes in the BEA of an osteopath′s brain during prolonged tactile contact with objects of influence. Aim: the identification of changes in the BEA of the osteopath′s brain that occur in the process of performing osteopathic listening of the patient relative to the period of quiet wakefulness; the reproducibility of the interaction patterns of the osteopath′s cerebral cortex biopotentials during working with different patients; the comparison of the nature of changes in the BEA of the osteopath′s brain during osteopathic listening of the patient and during imitation of listening (palpation of an inanimate object). Materials and methods. The study involved 2 osteopaths (the article′s authors) having more than 5 years of experience in osteopathy. Measurements were carried out twice with each of them. The authors of the article themselves and the clinic′s assistant acted as patients. A soccer ball was used for an experiment with simulated listening. The BEA of the osteopaths′ brain was recorded by the method of multiparametric computer EEG. Results. Changes in the BEA of the osteopath′s brain during imitation of listening (palpation of an inanimate object) are characterized by the greatest increase in EEG correlations in the leads C4, P4. Changes in the BEA of the osteopath′s brain when performing diagnostic listening of the patient′s cranial rhythmic impulse relative to the period of calm wakefulness are characterized by a longitudinal direction of brain activity and an increase in interhemispheric interaction of biopotentials. During the end of the audition immediately after working with the patient, the individual differences of each of the subjects related to the style of working with patients and the nature of the mobility of nervous processes became more pronounced. Conclusion. Changes in the BEA of the osteopath′s brain during imitation of listening allow us to talk about the activity of the secondary somatosensory cortex, i.e., the work of ascending mechanisms of the nervous system, orientation reaction, and cognitive attention. Changes in the BEA of the brain of an osteopath during diagnostic listening may indicate the predominance of descending mechanisms of the nervous system, the work of the executive control system, perceptual attention of the doctor.

Background:The nosology and etiological underpinnings of very late -onset schizophrenia-like psychosis (VLOSLP) have remained controversial. This case report highlights its diagnostic complexity.Case report:A 64-year-old woman, with a previous history of hypertension, diabetes, mild cognitive decline, right grade-4 hemiparesis as sequelae of an ischemic-stroke (three years before), started persecutory and partition delusions. After six months, the delusions were accompanied by complex visual hallucinations (scenic, lilliputian and holocampine), elementary auditory, tactile, olfactory, and gustatory hallucinations, causing a profound daily life impact, consequently she was hospitalized. Neither negative symptoms nor formal thought disorders were present. Electroencephalography and laboratorial evaluations were unremarkable (including thyroid function, folic acid, cyanocobalamin, infectious serologies and anti-gliadin/transglutaminase antibodies). Neuroimaging displayed subcortical microvascular lesions in the left centrum semiovale, bilateral thalamic and basal ganglia lacunes. Neuropsychological examination revealed mild/moderate impairment in working-memory, sustained-attention, executive functions, abstract thinking, and visuospatial abilities. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scored 20/30. Clozapine was started. As psychotic symptoms ameliorated cognitive deficits also improved (MMSE score: 25/30). She was discharged with residual symptoms.Discussion:Late-life psychosis implies a thorough investigation, bringing about challenges in diagnosis. Several medical causes, including neuroinflammatory/immunologic, were ruled out. This two-stage progression, with partition delusions and multimodal hallucinations, in the absence of formal thought disorder and negative symptoms is typical of VLOSP. It is arguable to ascribe our patient’s psychosis to a previous vascular dementia or to VLOSLP. Almost half of VLOSLP patients may develop dementia. It is still debatable whether this propensity is a true characteristic of VLOPSL or reflects an initial misdiagnosis. Some neuropathological studies suggest a restricted limbic tauopathy underlying VLOSP. Notwithstanding, cognitive impairment is common in VLOSLP, including in those patients who do not develop dementia. Neuroimaging studies evidence that lacunar infarction in the basal ganglia alongside chronic white matter small vessels ischemic disease, may underlie the pathophysiology of psychosis via a disruption in the frontal-subcortical pathways. Nevertheless, cases of post-stroke psychosis usually resolve in few months. In conclusion, the neurobiological underpinnings of VLOSLP are complex and multifaceted. More systematized studies using biomarkers and neuroimaging are needed so clinicians can perform a more accurate diagnosis of VLOSLP.

Tactile information arriving at our sensory receptors is differentially processed over the various temporal phases of goal-directed movements. By using event-related potentials (ERPs), we investigated the neuronal correlates of tactile information processing during movement. Participants performed goal-directed reaches for an object placed centrally on the table in front of them. Tactile and visual stimuli were presented in separate trials during the different phases of the movement (i.e., preparation, execution, and post-movement). These stimuli were independently delivered to either the moving or the resting hand. In a control condition, the participants only performed the movement, while omission (movement-only) ERPs were recorded. Participants were told to ignore the presence or absence of any sensory events and solely concentrate on the execution of the movement. The results highlighted enhanced ERPs between 80 and 200 ms after tactile stimulation, and between 100 and 250 ms after visual stimulation. These modulations were greatest over the execution phase of the goal-directed movement, they were effector-based (i.e., significantly more negative for stimuli presented at the moving hand), and modality-independent (i.e., similar ERP enhancements were observed for both tactile and visual stimuli). The enhanced processing of sensory information over the execution phase of the movement suggests that incoming sensory information may be used for a potential adjustment of the current motor plan. Moreover, these results indicate a tight interaction between attentional mechanisms and the sensorimotor system.

Tactile attention tasks are used in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological and sensory processing disorders, while somatosensory event-related potentials (ERP) measured by electroencephalography (EEG) are used as neural correlates of attention processes. Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology provides an opportunity for the training of mental task execution via providing online feedback based on ERP measures. Our recent work introduced a novel electrotactile BCI for sensory training, based on somatosensory ERP; however, no previous studies have addressed specific somatosensory ERP morphological features as measures of sustained endogenous spatial tactile attention in the context of BCI control. Here we show the morphology of somatosensory ERP responses induced by a novel task introduced within our electrotactile BCI platform i.e., the sustained endogenous spatial electrotactile attention task. By applying pulsed electrical stimuli to the two proximal stimulation hotspots at the user’s forearm, stimulating sequentially the mixed branches of radial and median nerves with equal probability of stimuli occurrence, we successfully recorded somatosensory ERPs for both stimulation locations, in the attended and unattended conditions. Waveforms of somatosensory ERP responses for both mixed nerve branches showed similar morphology in line with previous reports on somatosensory ERP components obtained by stimulation of exclusively sensory nerves. Moreover, we found statistically significant increases in ERP amplitude on several components, at both stimulation hotspots, while sustained endogenous spatial electrotactile attention task is performed. Our results revealed the existence of general ERP windows of interest and signal features that can be used to detect sustained endogenous tactile attention and classify between spatial attention locations in 11 healthy subjects. The current results show that features of N140, P3a and P3b somatosensory ERP components are the most prominent global markers of sustained spatial electrotactile attention, over all subjects, within our novel electrotactile BCI task/paradigm, and this work proposes the features of those components as markers of sustained endogenous spatial tactile attention in online BCI control. Immediate implications of this work are the possible improvement of online BCI control within our novel electrotactile BCI system, while these finding can be used for other tactile BCI applications in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders by employing mixed nerve somatosensory ERPs and sustained endogenous electrotactile attention task as control paradigms.

AbstractPresident Franklin Delano Roosevelt shaped the role of the modern president in part with his relentless pursuit of grand policies and his ability to marshal historic legislation through Congress. In this article, I focus on one legislative tactic employed by FDR that has received little attention—the detailing of Executive Branch staff to select Senate committees. This tactic, effectively a blending of legislative powers, was used to implement FDR’s ambitious postwar domestic agenda as detailed in his Second Bill of Rights. I find that the tactic, used late in FDR’s presidency, was moderately effective, served as a substitute for the personal energy FDR applied to the presidency in his first term, and created a backlash that contributed to the adoption of the Legislative Reform Act of 1946. With these findings I conclude that FDR deserves credit as a transitionary figure for the modernity of Congress, as well as the presidency.

Применение рекомендаций криминалистики в смежных с уголовным процессом сферах в настоящее время является одним из тех вопросов, который притягивает все большее и большее внимание криминалистов. Это касается прежде всего таких сфер, как пенитенциарная и административно-процессуальная. Вместе с тем, прямое заимствование тактики следственных действий и применение ее в указанных сферах показало свою малую эффективность. В связи с этим одним из приоритетных вопросов стала разработка самостоятельных криминалистических рекомендаций о тактике проведения, к примеру, поисковых мероприятий - осмотра (досмотра). Для уточнения ряда аспектов о совершенствовании тактико-криминалистического базиса существенным является сравнение с криминалистических и правовых позиций, используя опыт государств постсоветского пространства. The application of forensic recommendations in areas related to criminal proceedings is currently one of those issues that attracts more and more attention of forensic scientists. This concerns, first of all, such areas as penitentiary and administrative-procedural. At the same time, direct borrowing of tactics of investigative actions and its application in these areas showed its low efficiency. In this regard, one of the priority issues was the issue of developing independent forensic recommendations on the tactics of conducting, for example, search activities - inspection (search). In order to clarify a number of aspects on the improvement of the tactical and forensic basis, it is essential to compare the forensic and legal positions using the experience of the post-Soviet states.

The article is devoted to the study of financial policy under martial law. It is substantiated that Ukraine's financial policy in recent years has seen significant progress and attention from both government agencies and foreign creditors such as the IMF, the World Bank and the European Union. The focus is on the development of budget legislation since the adoption of the Budget Code of Ukraine. It is noted that the Strategy for the Development of the Public Financial Management System and the Action Plan for its Implementation are a certain roadmap for reforming the budget system in general and budget legislation in particular. The author argues that in today's conditions of war, the situation around the entire financial policy, as well as around the public economy as a whole, has changed dramatically for the needs of warfare and hostilities. Financial policy priorities have changed for the needs of operational support and for the proper and continuous execution of local budgets. In order to ensure the effective functioning of the budget sphere and the vital needs of Ukrainians during hostilities, public authorities make quick, efficient and prompt decisions to maintain financial stability in the country. Today, the local budget is amended not only by executive committees of local councils, local state administrations, but also by military-civil administrations at the request of local financial bodies without a decision by the Verkhovna Rada or local council. Based on the study, it was found that the financial and economic levels are stable and unchanging, which means high professionalism in government and political decision, as well as professionalism and resilience of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Today, financial policy strategy and tactics must be interlinked. Financial strategy is a long-term course of financial policy, designed for the future and which involves the solution of major challenges identified by economic and social strategy. While financial tactics should be aimed at solving the current problems of the country's development through the timely redistribution of financial resources.

In the realm of modern video game development, special attention is given to the simulation of artillery systems, which play a crucial role in various military-themed games. This research presents a mathematical model for simulating the actions of a virtual artillery system. The model is designed to manage the execution of combat tasks, including targeting destruction with a specified number of shells and incorporating the strategic movement between firing positions to minimize detection and attack by enemy forces in the game. The model presumes that all shots are effective and equates the number of firing positions to the number of shots, with a minimum of one shot per position. The model's dynamics do not allow for returning to previous positions, adding a layer of complexity and realism to the gameplay. Movement simulations between positions are designed along virtual roads of varying quality, enhancing the strategic elements of the game. A method for determining the optimal strategy for the artillery system's actions has been developed, introducing the concept of the current structure of combat task execution. This problem-solving approach falls within the realm of Pareto-oriented tasks or dynamic programming challenges. The computational method of the model is based on a general algorithm, underpinned by specialized additional algorithms. Results from this model demonstrate the feasibility of completing combat tasks effectively, with a maximum of two shots per firing position. The research differentiates between defensive and offensive tactics in gameplay, suggesting that while a strategy involving ten shots per target aligns with defensive gameplay, a strategy with four shots per target aligns with offensive actions. Consequently, the "shot-and-scoot" tactic in an offensive context can be aptly termed as “hid-and-shot”.

The article reconstructs the “revolutionary biography” of populist Vladimir Antonovich Sviridenko who was previously practically unknown in the scientific community, using the methodological approaches inherent to the “personal history” direction. The source base of the article is both documents from the archives of Moscow (State Archive of the Russian Federation) that were not previously introduced into scientific use, and the existing memoir literature. The article examines and analyzes the process of Sviridenko's ideological evolution from a peaceful propagandist to an active member of the “Executive Committee of the Russian Social-Revolutionary Party” (“Southern Executive Committee”) who used the tactics of political terror against the representatives of the Russian ruling elite. In the process of studying the sources, including the documents of the Gendarme department, it was possible to establish that Sviridenko was a very prominent figure among the revolutionaries of the south of Russia in the late 1870s. The study of Sviridenko’s revolutionary biography revealed previously little-known moments of populist propaganda in Novorossiya (Odessa, Nikolaev) among military sailors. It was also established that at that time the revolutionaries decided to use dynamite to prepare for regicide. Special attention is paid to Sviridenko's activity in Kiev, in 1878-early 1879, in the ranks of the “Southern Executive Committee” created by V.A. Osinsky. There is analyzed the role played by Sviridenko in its work. There are also considered the negotiations of the representatives of the “Southern Executive Committee” with the liberals in Kiev at the end of 1878 in which he was directly involved. The analysis of Sviridenko’s ideological evolution allowed us not only to better understand the motives of his actions, but also made it possible to trace on his example the typical path of the transition of southern revolutionaries from propaganda to terror. On the basis of the material studied, the author comes to the conclusion that the reconstruction of V.A. Sviridenko's “revolutionary biography” is extremely important for clarifying the reasons for the evolution of revolutionary populism from peaceful propaganda to political terror.

The article is devoted to the disclosure of some aspects of the investigation of criminal offenses in the sphere of circulation of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, their analogues or precursors. Initial investigative (search) actions are considered: inspection of the scene, search. Special attention is paid to the recording of evidentiary information that was discovered during their conduct. In connection with the specifics of the subject of proof of a criminal offense, methods of its concealment, as well as the person who committed it, the tactics of initial investigative (search) actions have their own specific features. The relevance of the researched problem is determined by the fact that activities related to procedural and forensic problems of conducting investigative (search) actions during the disclosure and investigation of criminal offenses in the sphere of drugs traffic, psychotropic substances, their analogues or precursors, require detailed regulation and improvement in connection with the emergence of new ways of committing criminal offenses of this category, as well as the development of new effective means of countering their disclosure, which, on the one hand, complicates the execution of the task of criminal proceedings, on the other – provides new opportunities for effective counteraction to criminal offenses of this category, quickly and effective investigation and disclosure, establishment of persons who commit them, channels of supply of narcotics, places of their sale, etc. Special attention should be focused on the tactics of conducting investigative (search) actions with a detailed description of the nature of the actions assigned to each specific subject of interaction. It is the investigator and the prosecutor, who determine the optimal choice of tactics and methods used during initial and further investigative (search) actions. Keywords: pre-trial investigation, evidence, proving, investigative (search) actions, search, inspection.

L’attention exécutive se développe considérablement durant la période préscolaire, période à laquelle peuvent se manifester les premiers signes de trajectoires développementales atypiques. Des troubles de l’attention exécutive conjointement à des atypies sensorielles, notamment tactiles, sont fréquemment rapportés dans les troubles neurodéveloppementaux. L’objectif de ce travail de thèse était d’explorer les liens entre attention exécutive et traitement sensoriel tactile chez des enfants d’âge préscolaire. Dans une première étude, nous avons mis en évidence un lien entre le score de traitement sensoriel tactile, mesuré par le questionnaire du Profil Sensoriel de Dunn, et le score composite exécutif global de la BRIEF-P. Pour explorer ultérieurement ce lien au niveau cérébral auprès de notre population d’étude, nous avons adapté une tâche informatisée d’attention exécutive, nommée la Preschool-ANT, compatible avec des mesures en EEG. Dans une seconde étude, nous avons mis à profit ce nouvel outil pour évaluer en EEG les liens entre attention exécutive et traitement sensoriel tactile. Nous avons conçu un paradigme vibrotactile de type oddball-omission pour mesurer la prédiction sensorielle et son mécanisme associé, la suppression par répétition. Nous mettons en évidence des liens entre suppression par répétition tactile et réponses au conflit à la Preschool-ANT en région fronto-centrale. De plus, la suppression par répétition tactile en région somatosensorielle est corrélée à l’inhibition et la planification en situation de vie quotidienne (BRIEF-P). Enfin, la détection de stimuli tactiles déviants montrait des liens à la fois avec la différence des réponses neurales positives tardives de la Preschool-ANT et le contrôle émotionnel en situation de vie quotidienne (BRIEF-P). Ce travail de thèse souligne la pertinence d’étudier, dès le plus jeune âge, la qualité du traitement sensoriel tactile pour comprendre l’évolution vers des trajectoires développementales atypiques. Il offre des perspectives pour concevoir de nouveaux outils d’évaluation et des interventions précoces ciblées sur les troubles sensoriels, pour conjointement réduire leur impact et prévenir les troubles attentionnels
Executive attention develops rapidly during the preschool period, during which the first signs of atypical developmental trajectories can appear. Executive attention disorders, along with sensory atypicalities, particularly tactile, are frequently reported in neurodevelopmental disorders. The aim of this doctoral work was to explore the connections between executive attention and tactile sensory processing in preschool-aged children. In a first study, we identified a relationship between the tactile sensory processing score, measured by the Dunn Sensory Profile questionnaire, and the BRIEF-P overall executive composite score. To further investigate this connection at the neural level within our study population, we adapted a computerized executive attention task called the Preschool-ANT, which is compatible with EEG measurements. In a second study, we utilized this new tool to assess the links between executive attention and tactile sensory processing in EEG. We designed a vibrotactile oddball-omission paradigm to measure sensory prediction and its associated mechanism, repetition suppression. We found links between tactile repetition suppression and conflict responses in the Preschool-ANT in the fronto-central region. Furthermore, tactile repetition suppression in the somatosensory region is correlated with inhibition and planning in everyday life situations (BRIEF-P). Lastly, the detection of deviant tactile stimuli showed links both with the difference in late positive neural responses in the Preschool-ANT and emotional control in daily life situations (BRIEF-P). This doctoral work emphasizes the importance of studying the quality of tactile sensory processing from a very young age to understand the emergence of atypical developmental trajectories. It offers new perspectives for designing new assessment tools and promoting early interventions targeting sensory disorders to simultaneously reduce their impact and prevent attentional disorders

Education for the twenty-first century continues to promote discoveries in the field through learning analytics. The problem is that the rapid embrace of learning analytics diverts educators' attention from clearly identifying requirements and implications of using learning analytics in higher education. Learning analytics is a promising emerging field, yet higher education stakeholders need to become further familiar with issues related to the use of learning analytics in higher education. This chapter addresses the above problem and design of learning analytics implementations: the practical shaping of the human tactics involved in taking on and using analytic equipment, records, and reviews as part of an educational enterprise. This is an overwhelming but equally essential set of design choices from the ones made within the advent of the learning analytics structures themselves. Finally, this chapter's implications for learning analytics teachers and students and areas requiring further studies are highlighted.

In 1971, United Bronx Parents administered New York City’s first free summer meals program after the municipal government refused to take on the responsibility. Under the leadership of Executive Director Evelina Antonetty and coordinator Kathy Goldman, the grassroots antipoverty agency transformed a new and largely theoretical federal entitlement program into much-needed meals for children while school was out of session. Antonetty and Goldman’s activist backgrounds, including their experiences of American Communism and anticommunism, Puerto Rican independence, and Alinskyism, had a significant impact on how they carried out the citywide initiative: interracial cooperation, job creation, economic development, cultural nationalism, and creative, attention-grabbing tactics were just some of the legacies bequeathed to the two leaders by their prior movement work. Working in partnership with a private food service company, United Bronx Parents’ sponsorship of free summer meals shows that public-private collaborations predated the neoliberal policies of the later 1970s and since. Their work also shows how direct service provision could build the legitimacy of a grassroots organization citywide and serve as a model for improved public services.

The Ukrainian statehood is compelled to assert its right to self-defense in response to the unprovoked armed attack by the Russian Federation utilizing the territory of the Republic of Belarus. The aggressive military tactics employed by the aggressor nation necessitate Ukraine's comprehensive utilization of all available means of resistance [1, p. 153]. Since the onset of the full-scale invasion, the Ukrainian government and allied states have confronted significant challenges, addressed in part through the imposition of martial law nationwide. Warfare encompasses not only frontline combat but also countering the intelligence activities of hostile groups, fighting by collaborators, maintaining public safety and law and order, security and traffic regulation in the rear, preventing and detecting cyberattacks, organizing and carrying out the evacuation of the civilian population from danger, social support of displaced persons, etc. The second year of the war revealed certain problems, the resolution of which posed certain difficulties, thereby necessitating legislative changes, particularly in the areas of criminal, administrative, disciplinary, and civil liability, as well as the adoption and formal establishment of new compulsory legal enforcement procedures regarding the implementation of restrictive measures of the legal regime of martial law. Some of these provisions are completely new, provoked by the extreme conditions of martial law, therefore need in the shortest time a thorough scientific analysis and substantiation in order to predict further consequences and possible improvement, to obtain clear mechanisms of implementation and application in practice. Purpose. The aim of this work is to identify the characteristics and scope of administrative coercion during a state of emergency, and to formulate evidence-based suggestions for enhancing both the legislation and its practical application in this domain. Methodology. The research relies on a collection of scientific methods and techniques to achieve its objectives, driven by a systemic approach aimed at investigating problems through the integration of their social context and legal framework. The primary method employed is the general scientific dialectical method, facilitating the analysis of current legislation regarding the application of administrative coercion measures during a state of emergency. Additionally, specific methods of scientific inquiry are employed. For instance, the comparative legal method is utilized to explore issues such as the positioning of a state of emergency within the framework of emergency administrative and legal regimes, the responsibilities of various stakeholders in implementing emergency measures, and the normative foundations governing the use of coercion during a state of emergency. Furthermore, systemic and functional methods are employed to analyze the structure of entities responsible for implementing state of emergency measures. Practical implications. Today's reality is marked by significant changes in the life of the country, accompanied by a range of man-made disasters, natural and man-made emergencies, and socio-political phenomena including mass events and attempts to seize state power, which often lead to group violations of public order and mass riots. The progression of these events directly influences the day-to-day functions of state authorities and local self-government bodies, shaping their operational peculiarities and modes of interaction. Amidst these challenges, there arises an urgent need for the socialization of all spheres of public life to ensure reliable public order during emergencies of varying natures and scales, prompting the declaration of special states of emergency. The grounds and procedures for implementing states of emergency and martial law, along with the regulations governing these states, establish a specific framework for the functioning of executive and local self-government bodies. In addressing the consequences of such states, and working to eliminate their causes and conditions, these bodies undertake a series of administrative and legal measures. Foremost among these measures is administrative coercion, wielded exclusively by state authorities and local self-government bodies. Results. The exploration of theoretical and practical challenges related to the implementation of administrative coercion measures during a state of emergency represents a central and prioritized focus of contemporary scientific inquiry within the realm of state authorities and local self-government. This area of study demands a comprehensive integration of knowledge across various branches of legal regulation. It is noteworthy that following Ukraine's independence, discussions regarding the utilization of administrative coercion measures during states of emergency did not receive adequate attention within legal scholarship. Instead, most theoretical and practical developments centered around themes such as economic stability, the application of administrative responsibility, the maintenance of public order, and the organization of internal affairs activities under such conditions. Value/originality. The originality of the research was driven by the imperative to address several key objectives: establishing the position of the legal regime of a state of emergency within the framework of emergency administrative and legal regimes; systematizing the legal provisions governing the use of administrative coercion during a state of emergency; describing the structure of entities responsible for implementing administrative coercion measures during a state of emergency and elucidating the specifics of their authority during this period; classifying various types of administrative coercion applicable during a state of emergency and providing a comprehensive understanding of their essence; clarifying the nuances associated with implementing both primary and supplementary administrative coercion measures in the context of a state of emergency; proposing avenues for enhancing the legal framework governing the application of administrative coercion measures during a state of emergency. These objectives collectively contributed to the originality and significance of the research, addressing crucial aspects of administrative coercion within the unique context of a state of emergency.

A variety of societal sectors were significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In the specific situation of higher education, many classrooms switched to remote learning throughout the several lockdowns. Numerous constraints related to this problem are reported in the literature, particularly in classes where students were not proficient in using technology or where there was a heavy emphasis on in-person communication. The problem was worsened in countries with inadequate or insufficient technology resources.Even in the absence of a pandemic or a situation requiring a similar treatment, it is important to comprehend the added value of this experiment and how it can live up to students, families, educators, and institutions’ expectations. With this aim in mind, we analysed, in Portugal, the adoption of the remote/hybrid model during the confinements and its execution using inputs from students enrolled in a technology course (Bachelor in Informatics Engineering). This choice aimed to capture the perception of this specific profile, characterized by strong digital proficiency, and, in most cases, access to technological resources. This allows us to focus the research on the teaching mode itself, rather than potential constraints of its operationalization.We collected information to analyse several aspects, namely the class type preferences, the assessment type preferences and the behavioural and attitudinal aspects, before, during, and after the pandemic. Even though some negative aspects were noted, especially in the social and psychological domain, it was also clear that these students responded favourably to some of the tactics and strategies used at the time, which they deemed suitable for a post-COVID scenario. In this paper, the focus is on the assessment type preferences. For that, we questioned students and analysed the following aspects: the type of assessment students prefer (online or presential); the type of online and presential assessment students prefer (multiple-choice assessments, open-ended questions, filling in blanks, or other modalities); the type of tests students prefer in face-to-face assessment; the adequacy of the time allocated to the duration of the online tests; their difficulty level when compared to face-to-face tests; and the students' opinion on whether their ethical principles could potentially disadvantage them in a context of possible academic fraud. For each aspect, the reasons behind them were analysed.The findings suggest that students faced numerous challenges when transitioning to virtual environments but also reveal their overall satisfaction with the assessment process. They also support the idea that the predominantly face-to-face teaching system currently in use should undergo a reflection. Once it has been tried, remote evaluation processes endure inside the system and must be adapted to the present expectations of the various players. In our study, students paid significant attention to aspects such as time and cost savings, exam duration, the appropriateness of the exam type for each topic, and the potential for fraud.The full paper will be structured as follows: Section 1 will focus on the impact of the pandemic on evaluation processes, section 2 will describe the research methodology adopted, section 3, will describe and analyse the research results, and, finally, section 4, will present the conclusions and discuss future research.