Journal articles on the topic 'Executive ability'
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Wei, Chengyan, and Shenxiang Wang. "Research on Improving the Executive Ability of University Administrators Based on Deep Learning." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2022 (June 9, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6354801.
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Over the years, experts have focused their research on ways to increase the executive capacity of university administrators. This is because only by improving the quality of execution of college and university administrative personnel can they actively execute various policies and measures, fully exploit their subjective initiative, and ensure the educational reform of colleges and universities. Increasing the executive capacity of administrative staff can help colleges and universities manage more effectively. Therefore, in the development process of higher education institutions, it is necessary to strengthen the execution of administrative staff, especially the need to adhere to the problem as the basic orientation. Take scientific and practical steps to strengthen administrative personnel’s executive ability in light of current issues with administrative management personnel’s executive power, and establish the groundwork for ensuring the quality of management work. Combining deep learning, this paper proposes a path to improve the executive power of college administrators based on deep learning. To begin, familiarize yourself with the deep noise reduction autoencoder model and support vector regression (SVR) theory and build the DDAE-SVR deep neural network (DNN) model. Then, input a small-scale feature index sample data set and a large-scale short-term traffic flow data set for experiments; then, assess the model’s parameters to achieve the optimal model. Finally, use performance indicators such as MSE and MAPE to compare with other shallow models to verify the effectiveness and advantages of the DDAE-SVR DNN model in the execution improvement path output of university administrators and large-scale data sets.
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Park, Won, and Chunggyu Byun. "Effect of SME’s Managerial Ability and Executive Compensation on Firm Value." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (October 26, 2021): 11828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111828.
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This paper analyzes the impact of the managerial ability and level of compensation on firm value in small and medium enterprises. The ability of managers is important for the sustainability and growth of small and medium enterprises because they lack awareness of resources, technology, and reputation compared to large enterprises. The managerial ability is the ability to efficiently utilize resources and choose the investment plan with the highest future net cash flows. Managerial ability is also an indicator of the level of compensation for executives. Therefore, the level of executive compensation can help a firm value or growth if it is based on managerial abilities. In addition, high executive compensation standards can be an opportunity or motivation to work hard for the wealth of companies and shareholders. We analyzed 1872 small and medium-sized companies listed on the Korean stock market to achieve the purpose of the research. We analyzed the accounting period of 6 years from 2012 to 2017. Our results have had a positive impact on firm value with executive compensation. In groups with excellent managerial skills, executive compensation has had a positive (+) impact on firm value. However, executive compensation did not have a significant impact on firm value in groups with poor managerial skills. These results validate that the CEO’s role in small and medium enterprise is important and that the level of compensation for executives is important to motivate. It also suggests that executive compensation cannot affect the firm value in groups with low managerial abilities.
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Carter, Mary Ellen, Francesca Franco, and İrem Tuna. "Matching Premiums in the Executive Labor Market." Accounting Review 94, no. 6 (February 1, 2019): 109–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-52393.
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ABSTRACT We study whether executives receive pay premiums for the uncertainty of their match with a new firm. Using changes in executive-firm matches from Execucomp, we document that executives receive significant attraction premiums when they move to new firms. These premiums vary with proxies that capture potential sources of uncertainty about the quality of the match, and are incremental to pay for managerial talent, generalist ability, industry turnover risk, and potential additional costs incurred by the new employer to attract the executive to the firm, such as payments for forfeited equity and relocation costs. Consistent with compensation for uncertainty of fit, we find that the premiums decrease with the executive's tenure at the new firm, as the uncertainty about the executive-firm match is resolved over time. Our findings raise the possibility that attraction premiums are an additional cost of executive turnover and may contribute to the overall rise in executive pay. JEL Classifications: J24; J33; M12; M52. Data Availability: Data are available from sources cited in the text.
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Cai, Ze Dong, Xiaotong Tang, Bin Wang, and Mingxiang Yang. "Research on Tactical Executive Ability of College Men's Football Team." International Journal of Management Science Research 7, no. 3 (June 30, 2024): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.53469/ijomsr.2024.07(03).02.
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By using the methods of literature and video observation, this paper studies the tactical executive ability of the men's football team in colleges and universities through various forms of observation, this paper combs out the factors that affect the tactical executive ability of the men's football team, and makes a comprehensive analysis of the factors, and obtains the problems caused by the factors. In view of the problems and the present situation, this paper puts forward some countermeasures to affect the tactical execution ability of the professional men's soccer team in Gongga Cup, aiming at improving its tactical execution ability and tactical accomplishment.
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Wecker, Nancy S., Joel H. Kramer, Amy Wisniewski, Dean C. Delis, and Edith Kaplan. "Age effects on executive ability." Neuropsychology 14, no. 3 (2000): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0894-4105.14.3.409.
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McGrath, John, Susan Scheldt, Peter Hengstberger, and Frances Dark. "Thought Disorder and Executive Ability." Cognitive Neuropsychiatry 2, no. 4 (November 1997): 303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/135468097396306.
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HENDERSON, VICKY, JIA SUN, and A. ELIZABETH WHALLEY. "THE VALUE OF BEING LUCKY: OPTION BACKDATING AND NONDIVERSIFIABLE RISK." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 24, no. 04 (June 2021): 2150023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219024921500230.
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The practice of executives influencing their option compensation by setting a grant date retrospectively is known as backdating. Since executive stock options are usually granted at-the-money, selecting an advantageous grant date to coincide with a low stock price will be valuable to an executive. Empirical evidence shows that backdating of executive stock option grants was prevalent, particularly at firms with highly volatile stock prices. Executives who have the opportunity to backdate should take this into account in their valuation. We quantify the value to a risk averse executive of a lucky option grant with strike chosen to coincide with the lowest stock price of the month. We show the ex ante gain to risk averse executives from the ability to backdate increases with both risk aversion and with volatility, and is significant in magnitude. Our model involves valuing the embedded partial American lookback option in a utility indifference setting with key features of risk aversion, inability to diversify and early exercise.
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Huang, Xin Xing, and Zhan She Yang. "Project Executive Ability Research under Lean Construction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 2806–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.2806.
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Project execution is the guarantee of project success. This paper suggest the project plan system, project organization and governance structure, project execution culture and flow, the execution literacy of the project team are the key factors to affect the construction projects execution. Based on the study of the lean construction theory system, this paper also investigates the TFV, JIT, LPS and 5S can improve project execution from different perspective, so construction enterprises should carry out lean construction to improve project execution.
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Purdy, Mary. "Executive function ability in persons with aphasia." Aphasiology 16, no. 4-6 (April 2002): 549–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02687030244000176.
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W, Olmos, Moreno J, Tran J, Alving L, and Woo E. "A-03 Executive and Memory Components of Prospective Memory in Aging and Dementia." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 35, no. 6 (August 28, 2020): 793. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa068.03.
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Abstract Objective Prospective memory (PM) involves remembering to perform an intended action in the future. PM is critical for older adults’ daily functioning. This ability is not a unitary construct, so in this study, we determined the roles of executive and memory functioning in different subtypes of PM, including simple PM (ability to execute a single action in the future) and complex PM (ability to execute different actions depending on the context). Method Participants included 58 healthy older adults, 64 persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 17 participants with Alzheimer’s disease. Simple PM was defined as remembering to ask the examiner for a pill after each neuropsychological test performed. Complex PM was defined as asking for the correct number of pills based on whether the test just completed involved memory (1 pill) or not (2 pills). An Executive composite score included Trail Making Test-B and FAS. The Memory composite score included delayed recall from the California Verbal Learning Test-II and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised. Results Whole group analyses showed that simple PM was significantly correlated with memory functions, and complex PM was significantly correlated with both memory and executive functions. Specific to the MCI group, regression analyses showed that executive and memory skills predicted both simple PM and complex PM. Conclusions These findings suggest that complex PM requires more executive demands than simple PM. For those with MCI, better executive and memory functions predicted PM generally. These findings indicate that both types of PM may be important for assessing the risk state for dementia.
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Wu, Qiao Ling, Dong Xiao Niu, Chun Xiang Liu, and Lei Lei Fan. "The Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation and Research of the Executive Ability in Power Supply Company." Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 2310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.2310.
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The level of enterprise executive ability has direct correlation with the survival and development of enterprise. According to the particularity of electric power enterprise development and the connotation of executive ability, the paper established a comprehensive multi-level evaluation index system for electric power enterprise executive ability in terms of executive power, executive effectiveness and executive efficiency. Then the paper quantifies the qualitative indicators and introduced the corresponding fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model. At last, the applicability of the comprehensive index system just created was demonstrated by an example calculation about one power supply company.
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Kolodinsky, Robert W., and Paul E. Bierly. "Understanding the elements and outcomes of executive wisdom: A strategic approach." Journal of Management & Organization 19, no. 1 (January 2013): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2013.1.
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AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to: (a) offer rationale for the importance of an increasingly important organizational management topic – the wisdom of top managers – what we call executive wisdom; (b) develop a theoretical framework for the construct, including core components and outcomes, and (c) provide implications for practice. The research in several related literatures is reviewed and synthesized to provide the foundation for the development of this theoretical framework. Applying the extant literature on wisdom to the specific context of a top-level business manager, we argue that there are four foundational characteristics of executive wisdom: (1) Knowledge, developed by prior learning and experience, (2) moral maturity, (3) reflective strategic decision-making, and (4) ability to manage uncertainty. Executives possessing such characteristics are: (a) able to make enlightened strategic judgments that are (b) implemented as principled actions. The effectiveness of such implementation is contingent upon, among other moderators, the executive's leadership skills. We view each of the characteristics as necessary but not sufficient to possess and benefit from executive wisdom. The principled actions undertaken by those possessing executive wisdom will, when compared to other executives, have a greater likelihood of leading to valued outcomes indicative of organizational effectiveness, including enhanced stakeholder trust and loyalty, reputational capital, and stronger financial and social performance. We believe that the main arguments developed in this paper will help improve managers’ understanding of how to become a wise executive and to realize the benefits of doing so. From a theory perspective, this paper adds to the growing body of literature in a new and increasingly valued area of research.
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Lü, Junmei, Lijuan Liang, and Baoguo Chen. "The effect of executive control ability on the comprehension of second language metaphor." International Journal of Bilingualism 23, no. 1 (May 25, 2017): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006917709096.
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Aims: The present study examined the effect of language-related executive control ability on second language (L2) metaphor comprehension in L2 learners. Design: All participants were Chinese–English bilinguals. The Stroop task was used to measure language-related executive control ability. Three types of sentences were used as stimulus materials, including familiar metaphoric sentences, unfamiliar metaphoric sentences and literal sentences. Participants were asked to determine whether the sentence presented was metaphoric or not. Data and analysis: Both response latencies and accuracy scores were obtained. Linear mixed effect model was used for statistical analysis. Findings: The effect of executive control ability on L2 metaphor comprehension is modulated by the familiarity of the metaphor. Specifically, for familiar metaphor sentences, the response time of participants with higher executive control ability was significantly faster than those with lower executive control ability. However, for the unfamiliar metaphor sentences and literal sentences, the effect of executive control ability was not significant. Originality: This study directly explored the impact of language-related executive control on metaphor comprehension in L2 learners. Significance/Implications: Our results found that the Predication Model is also applicable to L2 learners.
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Qiu, Boyu, Yanrong Chen, Xu He, Ting Liu, Sixian Wang, and Wei Zhang. "Short-Term Touch-Screen Video Game Playing Improves the Inhibition Ability." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13 (June 26, 2021): 6884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136884.
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There is mixed evidence regarding whether video games affect executive function. The inconsistent results in this area may have to do with researchers’ conceptualizations of executive function as a unified construct or as a set of independent skills. In the current study, 120 university students were randomly assigned to play a video game or to watch a screen record of the video game. They then completed a series of behavioral tasks to assess the shifting, updating and inhibiting subcomponents of executive function. Scores on these tasks were also used as indicators of a component-general latent variable. Results based on analysis of covariance showed that, as predicted, the inhibition subcomponent, but not the updating or the shifting subcomponent, was significantly enhanced after gaming. The component-general executive function was not enhanced after gaming once the results were controlled for other subcomponents. The results were unrelated to participants’ self-reported positive and negative affect. The findings add key evidence to the literature on executive function and potentially contribute to the therapeutic use of video games to maintain executive function in the aged population.
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Ayranci, Evren, and Tamer Gurbuz. "Considering Glass Ceiling in Turkey: Ideas of Executives in Education Sector Regarding Women in the Workplace." International Journal of Human Resource Studies 2, no. 4 (November 18, 2012): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v2i4.2583.
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The purpose of this study is to determine, taking the “glass ceiling” into account, which factors contribute to the ideas of top education executives regarding women in the workplace and to identify whether these ideas vary depending on the executives’ demographic profile. This research included top state high school executives from Istanbul. An important conclusion was that the participants took into consideration only the “executive” qualities of the women in their workplace. In other words, they were already thinking about women in executive positions when participating. The participants had positive opinions regarding female executives and thoughts on the ability of female executives to create a balance between home and work. To a significant extent, these ideas varied depending on the participants’ gender. When considering the participants’ number of children, the ideas also generated differences. Age and marital status did not influence the participants’ ideas about female executives.
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de Villemor-Amaral, Anna Elisa. "Executive Performance on the Rorschach Comprehensive System." Rorschachiana 28, no. 1 (January 2006): 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604.28.1.119.
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The Rorschach request for candidates for positions in the upper corporate hierarchy – the so-called executive positions – has become a usual practice since the 1960s when the most classic and complete work about executive evaluation with the Rorschach appeared. The most commonly cited traits for successful executives are: ambition and intense desire to achieve; ability to make decisions; assertiveness; practicality; ability to work efficiently in frustrating conditions; ability and desire to include others in solving problems; ability to question his/her own positions and decisions in an objective fashion; ability to express hostility with tact; ability to set realistic targets; have varied tastes; “ability to work most of the time at a dizzying pace and sometimes with the reflection and calm of a Buddhist monk” (p. 4); interest in others; ability to deal with concrete and abstract problems; ability to be cautious or bold depending on circumstances; ability to take positions; initiative; predictive capacity; security; emotional stability; honesty; integrity; dedication; objectivity and cooperation. The study involved 20 Rorschach protocols of executives, all of them employed but in competition for positions in the direction of international or multinational companies, which were assessed as part of the selection process. The results do not match the profile expected. The high frequencies of Zd < –3 given by 10 executives (50%) show a hasty attitude for analyzing facts and a tendency to draw rash and careless conclusions, which increases the risk of error in making a decision. Furthermore, 7 subjects (35%) showed a high p, which reveals a tendency to a more passive attitude, expecting that others will solve the problem, and acting according to the desires of others, which can indicate feeling uncomfortable as leaders and avoiding responsibilities. In addition, 50% of the group presented Fd responses, and in four of them (20%) the food responses were accompanied by a < p, and two of them also showed an association with T > 1, a triad indicating dependency. Concerning the AdjD, 55% of our sample presented a negative score – meaning lack of resources for coping in stress situations and little ability to confront new problems. There is a high incidence of DEPI. The presence of DEPI greater than or equal to 5 in 50% of the group is surprising in executives and directors. The CDI is also positive in 50% of the subjects, which means difficulties coping with complex social situations. The lack of relational skills can create adaptation problems, make people more vulnerable to stress, and is a precursor to secondary depression. In the group, six individuals presented values of S > 3, five showed S = 3, and none of them showed S only in the first three cards. These data reflect oppositionist tendencies and aggressiveness that is manifested in making decisions and in negativist and obstinate ways of relating to others, or the manner of seeing the world, understanding situations, and confronting the environment with feelings of rage. With the exception of the high number of responses, which denote high productivity, most of the indicators we found would not allow the prediction of professional success, especially as concerns characteristics of depression, relational deficit, and passive dependency. The fact that many among the executives examined presented rather good curriculum vitae and were, thus, sent for the assessment, is interesting.
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Wishart, Heather A., William B. Barr, Robert M. Bilder, and Neil Schaul. "Examination of executive ability in epilepsy surgery candidates." Clinical Neuropsychologist 11, no. 2 (May 1997): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13854049708407045.
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Kim, Jung Min, and Jihyun Kim. "Relationship between Preschoolers' Executive Function and Verbal Ability." Korean Journal of Community Living Science 24, no. 3 (September 30, 2013): 289–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.7856/kjcls.2013.24.3.289.
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Harland, R., R. Krikorian, R. Rojdev, and M. Shidler. "Gender and executive function ability in severe psychopathology." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 14, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/14.1.114.
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Zhu, Lin. "The Relation between Executive Function and Emotion Regulation in 3-6-Year-Old Children: The Mediating Role of Language Ability." Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science 37, no. 6 (July 19, 2024): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jesbs/2024/v37i61324.
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Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between executive function, emotion regulation and language ability in children aged 3-6 years. A total of 180 children from 10 kindergartens were selected as the research subjects. The results showed that executive function and language ability had a positive predictive effect on children's emotion regulation, and language ability played a complete mediating role in the relationship between executive function and emotion regulation. Studies have shown that preschool educators should pay attention to the development of children's language ability, so as to promote the development of children's executive function and emotional regulation ability.
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Wang, Dandan. "Executive Overconfidence and Green Innovation." E3S Web of Conferences 275 (2021): 02053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127502053.
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As one of the important ways to achieve sustainable economic development, enterprise green innovation will also have an important impact on the future development of enterprises. Through the analysis, it is found that green innovation can realize the sustainable development of enterprises. However, green innovation has the characteristics of high risk and double externality, so the enthusiasm of enterprise green innovation is relatively low. As the decision maker of enterprises, the characteristics of management will have an important impact on green innovation. This paper studies the influence of Managerial Overconfidence on green innovation. This paper first studies the impact of management overconfidence on enterprise risk-taking ability, and finds that management overconfidence can improve enterprise risk-taking ability. Then it studies the impact of enterprise risk-taking ability on green innovation. The higher the enterprise risk-taking ability is, the more conducive to the implementation of green innovation activities. Through theoretical analysis, this paper concludes that management overconfidence can further promote the green innovation of enterprises by improving the risk-taking ability of enterprises.
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Zahra, Rastya Mutiarani, Sumiyadi Sumiyadi, Isah Cahyani, and Andoyo Sastromiharjo. "Role of Executive Functions in Improving Students' Narrative Text Writing Ability." International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research 22, no. 6 (June 30, 2023): 694–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.22.6.35.
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This research was motivated by the low ability of students to engage in narrative writing. The purpose of this research was to examine the role of executive function in the process of students writing narrative texts and to investigate the contribution of executive function to various aspects of narrative text composition. The research method used in this study was a factorial analysis design to find out which executive functions contribute the most to the students' narrative writing skills. The participants of this study were 250 elementary school students with an age range of 9-12 years old. The data collection was carried out through several tests. The tests conducted assessed the transcription skills, language skills, and executive functions involved in the students' writing process, specifically using menggunakan CLAN (Computerized Language Analysis), Mean Length of T-unit in words (MLTUw), and the ERRNI test (Expression, Reception and Recall of Narrative Instrument). The research findings show that executive function contributes directly and indirectly to the students' narrative writing abilities. Aspects of the constraints encountered, updating, and planning contribute directly to both the long and short aspects of the text. In addition, the constraint and renewal aspects indirectly contribute to the length of the text, the level of complexity of the sentences, and the quality of the story content. The implication of this research is that a teacher must be able to optimize the implementing function, namely by planning, revising, and reviewing the students' abilities using various writing strategies and methods. The development of this executive function is very beneficial for students in relation to improving their writing skills, especially the writing of literary texts.
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Luo, Chenjia. "Analysis of the Connection Between Executive Remuneration and Corporate Fiscal Achievement." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 24 (January 22, 2024): 1177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/mf987z22.
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The interplay between top executive pays and fiscal achievements remains at the forefront of discourse in organizational leadership and governance frameworks. Understanding the connection between executive incentives and performance outcomes is crucial for effective corporate governance. This study dives deep into the tapestry of research that dissects these nuanced interactions. Executive compensation, a critical component of corporate governance, directly influences the behaviors and decision-making of top executives. Simultaneously, financial performance serves as a key indicator of a company's operational health and ability to generate value. According to the analysis, the relationship between both is complete and multifaceted. In some cases, higher levels of executive remuneration are positively correlated with improved financial performance, while negative correlations also exist. The relationship between the two is influenced by characteristics, e.g., corporate governance, industry characteristics, company performance, and individual executive characteristics. Numerous studies are currently available on the relationship between the two. However, it is important to acknowledge the limitations and shortcomings of the existing studies, which may impact the generalizability and applicability of the findings. In conclusion, the nexus between executive compensation and financial output is a complex and multidimensional issue that requires further in-depth research and study.
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Oliveira, Maria Conceição, and Eliza Adriana Sheuer Nantes. "Secretariado Executivo: uma Investigação da Influência da Tecnologia no Cotidiano Profissional." Revista de Ensino, Educação e Ciências Humanas 17, no. 5 (December 30, 2016): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2447-8733.2016v17n5p470-477.
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Vive-se em uma realidade em que as mudanças, oriundas das tecnologias, modificaram as formas de se relacionar, dentre elas as que se referem ao trabalho. O profissional de Secretariado Executivo deixou de executar atividades meramente operacionais e passou a exercer atividades de assessor, gestor, atuando como um profissional multifuncional e polivalente. Diante desta nova realidade, o profissional tem em suas competências a habilidade de dominar as novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação, que o auxiliam no processo de ser um agente facilitador de mudança, de qualidade e de resultado dentro da organização. Utilizando, assim, das tecnologias acessíveis e gratuitas existentes nos dispositivos móveis como o smartphone e tabltet. Diante desta nova realidade, a pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar a importância da tecnologia na formação do acadêmico do Curso de Secretariado Executivo dos alunos em processo de formação de uma Universidade na Cidade de Londrina, Paraná, denominada como Universidade “Alfa”. Palavras-chave: Ensino. Tecnologia. Secretariado Executivo. AbstractWe live in a reality in which the changes resulting from the technologies have modified the ways of relating, and among them those related to work. The Professional Executive Secretary left behind the merely operational activities execution and began to exert advisory activities, manager, acting as a multi-professional and multi-purpose professional. Before this new reality, the professional has in his or her competencies the ability to master the new information and communication technologies, which help him or herin the process of being a changing facilitator agent quality and results within the organization. Using the accessible and free technologies existent, the mobile devices such as the Smartphones and tablets. Facingthis new reality, the search aimed at investigating the importance of technology in the academic formation of the students from Executive Secretary course in a university in Londrina city, in Paraná state, known as University “Alpha”. Keywords: Education. Technology. Executive Secretary.
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Malan, Irfah Najihah Basir, Lyu Yingkun, and Halim Shukri Kamaruddin. "A Systematic Review on the Executive Compensation Gap and Its Multiple Impacts on the Company." Information Management and Business Review 15, no. 4(SI)I (November 11, 2023): 284–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v15i4(si)i.3602.
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In recent years, the public has begun to pay attention to the compensation gap of executives, in such a background of social reality, this researcher conducts a systematic review of the executive compensation gap (horizontal gap and vertical gap) and its impacts on the company through the review and summary of the empirical studies of Scopus Indexed journal articles for the last decade of 2013-2022, then this study figure out the literature trend in this research area in the last decade, summarized how the literature measure executive compensation gap, then reviewed the impact of executive compensation gap can have on company (company performance, risk management, innovation ability, audit fees and other aspects), and at last summarized the findings and put forward the suggestion for future researchers. Such research fills the gap of a systematic review of the executive compensation gap and its impact on companies and provides the company compensation plan maker with practical evidence.
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Tomlin, Georgia. "Spatial skills and driving ability: Is there a link?" BPS Branch Awards 1, no. 1 (June 2023): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsba.2023.1.1.29.
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Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are one of the 10 top causes of death and injury worldwide. This study uses a correlational design to investigate the associations between spatial thinking and driving ability, when controlling for executive functions. This involved participants (N=129) completing a series of questionnaires and tasks to assess their spatial skills, executive functions and driving ability. We found that spatial thinking was not a significant predictor of driving ability. We discuss how the creation of a novel driving questionnaire lays a foundation to investigate spatial thinking and driving.
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Sakai, Katsuya, Yuichiro Hosoi, and Yusuke Harada. "Walking Ability Associated with Executive Dysfunction in Patients with Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study." Brain Sciences 13, no. 4 (April 6, 2023): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13040627.
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Previous studies have shown an association between executive dysfunction and walking ability. However, it remains unclear whether the degree of executive dysfunction is associated with differences in walking ability in patients with stroke. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are differences in walking ability according to executive dysfunction in patients with stroke. A total of 51 patients with stroke were enrolled in this study. Executive function was measured using the Trail Making Test (TMT) Part B, and walking ability was assessed using the 10 m walk test and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT). Cluster analysis was performed using the TMT Part B and compared within each cluster. TMT Part B was categorized into three groups (cluster 1: n = 20, cluster 2: n = 24, and cluster 3: n = 7). Cluster 1 was significantly better than clusters 2 and 3, and cluster 2 was significantly better than cluster 3. The 10 m walk time and TUGT of cluster 1 were significantly better than those of cluster 3. However, the 10 m walk time and TUGT of clusters 1 and 2 did not differ significantly. In conclusion, these findings may indicate differences in walking ability according to executive dysfunction.
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ARNETT, PETER A., CHRISTOPHER I. HIGGINSON, and JOHN J. RANDOLPH. "Depression in multiple sclerosis: Relationship to planning ability." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 7, no. 6 (September 2001): 665–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617701766027.
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Recent research has demonstrated deficits on effortful executive tasks involving planning in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Given the high prevalence of depression in MS and the commonly reported link between depression and performance on executive tasks, planning impairments in MS may be associated with depression. We compared the performance of depressed and nondepressed MS patients on a planning task (Tower of London–TOL) to evaluate this hypothesis. Compared with nondepressed MS patients, depressed MS patients made significantly (p < .05) more moves and took more time per trial on the TOL. A follow-up regression analysis was conducted that included the TOL and speeded attentional/working memory task indices found to be associated with depression in MS from the authors' prior reports. This analysis revealed that 25% of the variance in depression scores was predicted by the most sensitive speeded attentional/working memory task. Furthermore, this variance overlapped completely with variance predicted by the TOL–time/trial index. The only clearly nonspeeded task index, TOL–moves per trial, was associated with unique variance (8%) in predicting MS depression scores. These results suggest that slowed information processing speed and, secondarily, deficient nonspeeded central executive skill, may be core to the cognitive deficits characteristic of depressed MS patients. (JINS, 2001, 7, 665–674.)
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Shah, Julie, Patrick Conrad, and Brian Williams. "Fast Distributed Multi-agent Plan Execution with Dynamic Task Assignment and Scheduling." Proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling 19 (October 16, 2009): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icaps.v19i1.13362.
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An essential quality of a good partner is her responsiveness to other team members. Recent work in dynamic plan execution exhibits elements of this quality through the ability to adapt to the temporal uncertainties of others agents and the environment. However, a good teammate also has the ability to adapt on-the-fly through task assignment. We generalize the framework of dynamic execution to perform plan execution with dynamic task assignment as well as scheduling.This paper introduces Chaski, a multi-agent executive for scheduling temporal plans with online task assignment. Chaski enables an agent to dynamically update its plan in response to disturbances in task assignment and the schedule of other agents. The agent then uses the updated plan to choose, schedule and execute actions that are guaranteed to be temporally consistent and logically valid within the multi-agent plan. Chaski is made efficient through an incremental algorithm that compactly encodes all scheduling policies for all possible task assignments. We apply Chaski to perform multi-manipulator coordination using two Barrett Arms within the authors' hardware testbed. We empirically demonstrate up to one order of magnitude improvements in execution latency and solution compactness compared to prior art.
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García-Pintor, Beatriz, Francisco Manuel Morales-Rodríguez, and José Manuel Pérez-Mármol. "The Association between Executive Function and Performing Instrumental Daily Activities in People with Intellectual Disabilities." Healthcare 11, no. 17 (August 23, 2023): 2374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11172374.
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Institutionalized individuals with intellectual disabilities have few opportunities to participate in instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), which probably affects higher cognitive functions, or vice versa. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the possible difference in the ability to perform IADLs and executive functioning between individuals with and without intellectual disabilities and to determine if executive functions are associated with the performance of IADLs in people with intellectual disabilities. This was a multi-center cross-sectional study, conducted between July 2019 and May 2020. Participants with intellectual disabilities were recruited from four centers for people with intellectual disabilities. Adults without these disabilities were gathered from several community centers. The sample consisted of 90 individuals with moderate intellectual disabilities and 79 individuals with no intellectual disability. Executive functions were evaluated using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—WAIS-IV, the INECO Frontal Screening test, the Semantic Verbal Fluency Test, and the Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome—BADS—Scale. The performance of the IADLs was assessed by the Lawton and Brody Scale. The results showed that the higher the function in instrumental activities, the lower the impairment of executive functions. Executive functions accounted for 81% of the total variance in the ability to perform the IADLs. In conclusion, individuals with moderate intellectual disabilities demonstrated limitations in executing the IADLs, which were partially associated with low performance in executive functions. This information could help in the development of evidence-based intervention programs and facilitate the formulation of appropriate support strategies to enhance participation in these activities.
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Reed, Catherine L., Audrey Siqi-Liu, Kirsten Lydic, Madison Lodge, Aditi Chitre, Chandlyr Denaro, Astrid Petropoulos, Jasmin Joshi, Cindy M. Bukach, and Jane W. Couperus. "Selective contributions of executive function ability to the P3." International Journal of Psychophysiology 176 (June 2022): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.03.004.
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WILLIAMS, TRICIA S., ROBYN WESTMACOTT, NOMAZULU DLAMINI, LEEOR GRANITE, PETER DIRKS, RAND ASKALAN, DAUNE MACGREGOR, MAHENDRANATH MOHARIR, and GABRIELLE DEVEBER. "Intellectual ability and executive function in pediatric moyamoya vasculopathy." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 54, no. 1 (November 24, 2011): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2011.04144.x.
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Lesiuk, Teresa. "Music perception ability of children with executive function deficits." Psychology of Music 43, no. 4 (February 21, 2014): 530–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0305735614522681.
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Lewis, Monica S., and L. Stephen Miller. "Executive Control Functioning and Functional Ability in Older Adults." Clinical Neuropsychologist 21, no. 2 (March 26, 2007): 274–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13854040500519752.
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St. John, Ashley M., Basak Oztahtaci, and Amanda R. Tarullo. "Parental executive function and verbal ability matter for scaffolding." Journal of Family Psychology 32, no. 3 (April 2018): 406–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/fam0000374.
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Chi, Sung-Ae, Set-Byeol Shin, and Jin-Hwa Jung. "An Analysis of the relationships among children’s intellectual ability, executive function, language ability, and self-regulation ability." Korean Joural of Children's Media 17, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 167–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21183/kjcm.2018.09.17.3.167.
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Zeng, Hongjun. "Can Executive Academic Experience Help Companies Improve Their Innovation? Empirical Study of Chinese Listed It Companies." International Journal of Business and Management Future 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.46281/ijbmf.v4i1.435.
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In recent years, as the largest emerging market, China's economic development has gradually shifted from the high growth stage to the high-quality development stage. Company is an essential micro-subject of macroeconomic activities, and an entrepreneur's academic background is a critical factor in achieving high-quality corporate development. This study takes the data of IT listed companies in China from 2012 to 2017 as the sample, Screening research samples based on academic experience requirements based on requirements for current or former teaching and research positions in universities, then makes an empirical analysis on the connection between academic executives and companies innovation ability. The results indicate that there is a significant positive correlation between executive academic experience and company’s innovation ability, i.e., academics-type. There is also a significant positive correlation between the average tenure of executives and innovation ability, which still holds after robustness test. Researching the relationship between the academic experience of the executives of listed companies and their innovation ability can not only enrich the research on the characteristics of senior management team, but also provide theoretical guidance for the construction of senior management team, and provide a few suggestions for the improvement of innovation ability and the formulation of government-related policies.
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Thyne, Clayton, and Erika Moreno. "Squeaky Wheels and Unequal Policy." Comparative Political Studies 41, no. 7 (February 13, 2008): 921–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414007301704.
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The World Bank has been increasingly involved in reforming Latin America's education systems. However, compliance with World Bank directives varies greatly. Recent scholarship has made significant progress in fashioning an explanation for this variation by focusing on the presence of democracy. This article takes the literature a step further by identifying the mechanism by which democracy matters. Specifically, variations in executive authority are key factors in explaining the adoption of controversial World Bank directives. The authors argue that a government's ability to implement World Bank reforms and overcome popular dissent, if present, is a function of executive authority. They examine executive authority using several measures to test their hypotheses on a 20-year panel of 17 American states from 1980 to 2000. Results indicate that newly democratized governments and strong executives are indeed more successful in passing World Bank reforms.
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Key, Thomas Martin, and Astrid Lei Keel. "How executives talk." European Journal of Marketing 54, no. 3 (January 31, 2020): 546–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-01-2019-0105.
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Purpose This paper aims to explore how chief executive officers (CEOs) and C-suite marketing executives (chief marketing officers [CMOs], chief customer officers [CCOs], chief branding officers [CBOs], etc.) talk about marketing concepts to better understand how marketers can more effectively articulate their value and increase their strategic influence within the firm. Design/methodology/approach Artificial intelligence-enabled computerized text analysis was used to identify and weight keywords from 266 CEO and C-suite marketing executive interviews. Custom marketing concept dictionaries were used to gauge overall marketing focus. Findings The analysis revealed opportunities for C-suite marketers to align specific marketing concepts with that of CEOs for increased strategic influence. Comparisons between C-suite marketing roles showed that CMOs are more focused on marketing strategy than specialized C-suite marketing positions, such as CCO and CBO. This points to a potential decrease in strategic impact for marketing executives dependent on the specialization of their position. Research limitations/implications Using IBM Watson’s black-box artificial intelligence may limit the ability to replicate results from the content analysis; however, the results identify important ways that marketing executives can use to increase their ability to articulate their value within the firm. Practical implications C-suite marketing executives who want to increase the strategic alignment of their role with their firm must pay close attention to the marketing concepts they talk about, and how those align with their CEO’s marketing knowledge. The creation of specialized C-suite marketing roles may unintentionally limit the strategic thinking and firm-level impact of marketers. Originality/value This paper represents the first use of artificial intelligence-enabled computerized text analysis to explore and compare executive speech acts to help increase marketing’s influence in the firm. It is also the first to explore differences in marketing concept use between C-suite marketing roles.
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Kusuma, Dani, Wardono Wardono, and Adi Nur. "The Characteristics of Mathematical Literacy Based on Students’ Executive Function." European Journal of Educational Research 11, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.11.1.193.
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<p style="text-align: justify;">Literacy ability is an individual's ability to reason, formulate, solve, and interpret mathematically to solve problems related to daily life. Executive function is a cognitive aspect that has a relation with mathematical literacy. One of some aspects that affects the low mathematical literacy ability is the aspect of executive function. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of mathematical literacy based on the executive function aspects of 15 years old students. A qualitative method with a descriptive approach is employed in this study. The present research applies interview guidelines, questionnaires, and students' mathematical literacy tests as the instruments. Research subjects are junior high school students in grade VIII from two different schools. The result shows that the students' executive function influences mathematical literacy ability. Students' mathematical literacy ability is not fully achieved by fulfilling all the indicators involved. Another aspect found in the research is the low critical thinking ability impacts the achievement of mathematical literacy ability indicators.</p>
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Lin, Xintian. "The Impact of Executive Heterogeneity on Firm Performance - Mediating Role Based on Digital Transformation of Firms." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 19 (August 17, 2023): 177–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v19i.11034.
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According to the "14th Five-Year Plan for Digital Economy Development" issued by the State Council, major enterprises should insist on digital development as the guide to promote the digital transformation of enterprises. The degree of digital transformation of enterprises is affected by the cognitive ability of managers, so the strategic decisions made by executives are crucial to enterprises, which will not only affect the development direction of enterprises, but also further influence the performance. Therefore, this paper selects A-share listed companies in China from 2010-2019 as the research object, and empirically tests the interrelationship between executive heterogeneity, corporate digital transformation, and corporate performance from three dimensions: executive age, financial background, and overseas background, supported by higher-order theory, and the findings show that (1) executive team age heterogeneity, financial background heterogeneity, and overseas background heterogeneity are all significantly and positively related to corporate performance significantly and positively; (2) executive team age heterogeneity is significantly and negatively related to corporate digital transformation, while executive team financial background heterogeneity and overseas background heterogeneity are significantly and positively related to corporate digital transformation; (3) corporate digital transformation is significantly and positively related to corporate performance; and (4) corporate digital transformation shows a partial mediating effect in executive heterogeneity and corporate performance.
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Sulaiman, Amal Al-Shaikh, Marie Kelly, Mairead O’Connor, Doris-Eva Bamiou, and Marousa Pavlou. "Dual tasking interferes with dynamic balance in young and old healthy adults." Physiotherapy Practice and Research 41, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ppr-190394.
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BACKGROUND: Functional mobility requires an ability to adapt to environmental factors together with an ability to execute a secondary task simultaneously while walking. A complex dual-tasking gait test may provide an indication of functional ability and falls risk among community-dwelling older adults. PURPOSE: The aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate age-related differences in dual-tasking ability and to evaluate whether dual-tasking ability is related to executive function. METHODS: Forty-one community-dwelling healthy older and forty-one younger adults completed a dual-tasking assessment in which concurrent tasks were incorporated into the Functional Gait Assessment (FGA). The manual dual-task involved carrying a glass of water (FGA-M) while the cognitive dual-tasks involved numeracy (FGA-N) and literacy (FGA-L) related tasks. FGA scores under single (FGA-S) and dual-task conditions together with associated dual-task costs and response accuracy were determined. Executive function was assessed using The Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS). RESULTS: FGA-N and FGA-L scores were adversely affected in both groups compared to FGA-S (p≤0.001). However, score reductions and dual-task costs were significantly greater for older adults compared to younger adults on FGA-N (p≤0.05) and FGA-L (p≤0.001), with older adult performance on FGA-N associated with falls risk (p≤0.05). Executive function did not appear to be related to dual-tasking ability. CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that cognitively demanding tasks while walking, have a deleterious effect on dynamic balance and could place older adults at a greater risk of falls.
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D’Aurizio, Giulia, Daniela Tempesta, Gennaro Saporito, Francesca Pistoia, Valentina Socci, Laura Mandolesi, and Giuseppe Curcio. "Can Stimulus Valence Modulate Task-Switching Ability? A Pilot Study on Primary School Children." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 11 (May 25, 2022): 6409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116409.
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Executive functions and emotional processes follow a time-dependent development that reflects the brain’s anatomo-functional maturation. Though the assessment of these cognitive functions is largely examined, in children the role of emotions in the mental set-shifting is still rarely investigated. The aim of this study was to assess how attention shifting can be modulated by the valence of emotional stimuli. To this end, sixty-two primary school children were tested with a new emotional task-switching paradigm obtained by manipulating the emotional valence and physical features of the stimulus pool. Thus, two tasks were alternatively presented: the Valence task and the Color task. Based on executive performance results, we found a lengthening of response times and a lower accuracy in the emotionally connoted task (Valence task), compared to the neutral task (Color task). The data demonstrate that the processing of emotional stimuli modulates the task-switching performance during development. These findings could help in the implementation of teaching strategies that can promote the development of executive functions and, therefore, functionally improve the overall academic performance of children. Finally, a better understanding of the developmental trajectories of executive functions can help neuropsychologists both in the early diagnosis and treatment of potential executive alterations.
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Woolard, Alix, Elizabeth Stratton, Eleni A. Demetriou, Kelsie A. Boulton, Elizabeth Pellicano, Nick Glozier, Vicki Gibbs, et al. "Perceptions of social and work functioning are related to social anxiety and executive function in autistic adults." Autism 25, no. 7 (July 16, 2021): 2124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211013664.
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Autistic adults report concerns with social skills and unemployment. Despite anxiety and difficulty with executive cognitive skills being associated with autism, no studies to date have investigated relationships between anxiety or executive cognition with social and work functioning. This study aimed to investigate the associations between perceived social anxiety, perceived and objective executive function, and perceived social and work functioning in a sample of autistic people. A total of 62 participants completed self-report questionnaires of social anxiety (via the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale), mental health (via the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale), executive cognition (via the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function) and perceived social and work functioning (the Work and Social Adjustment Scale), and a smaller subset ( n = 36–40) completed performance-based executive function tasks (Trail Making Task and Rapid Visual Processing Task). Participants who reported having more social anxiety and more difficulty with executive cognition also perceived themselves as having poorer social and work functioning. Performance-based executive function was not related to social or work functioning. Our results suggest that perceived social anxiety and executive cognition are both areas that have potential to be targeted to investigate whether they improve social and vocational outcomes for autistic people. Lay abstract Many autistic adults have trouble in social situations and at work. Researchers do not know exactly why autistic people might find it difficult in these environments, and no studies to date have looked the way anxiety or other cognitive processes might affect autistic peoples’ ability to socialise and succeed in getting and keeping jobs. Anxiety (how much you worry) and difficulty with getting stuff done or switching attention (known as executive function) can be concerns for autistic people and may contribute to social and work difficulties. This study looked at the relationships between the way autistic people perceived their anxiety and executive functioning and their ability to socialise and work. Sixty-two autistic participants completed questionnaires related to their ability to socialise and work, their social anxiety and their executive function. We found that participants who thought that they had poorer ability to work also found themselves to have more difficulties with executive function and they were more socially anxious. Our results showed that how autistic participants perceived their social anxiety and executive function were important in their perception of their social skills and work ability. This study supports the idea that anxiety and executive function could be targeted in interventions to support autistic people and their social and work outcomes.
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Rost, Agata, Emilia J. Sitek, and Adam Tarnowski. "Impact of post-stroke cognitive dysfunction on driving ability." Aktualności Neurologiczne 21, no. 2 (December 17, 2021): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15557/an.2021.0011.
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The paper aims to present the current views on the impact of post-stroke cognitive deficits on driving ability, and diagnostic assessment practices in this area. Firstly, the neuropsychological consequences of stroke are briefly presented. This part focuses specifically on visuospatial and executive dysfunctions. Among those dysfunctions, unilateral neglect, especially as it is frequently associated with anosognosia, may have the greatest impact on driving ability, leading to an increased accident risk. Then, different approaches to assessing fitness to drive after stroke are presented, including on-road testing, testing with the use of simulator, and clinical assessment focusing on cognition. The role of cognitive assessment in predicting fitness to drive is described in more detail. The Clock Drawing Test is the most appropriate screening measure in this context, as it engages both visuospatial and executive functions. The Trail Making Test is the most popular working memory test in the context of drivers’ assessment, as it requires visual search and psychomotor speed. The Rey Complex Figure Test is another commonly used test. It requires visuospatial and executive functions, and may also serve as a measure of visuospatial memory. Finally, the legal aspects of the assessments are discussed with reference to the practices used in Great Britain, Belgium, Sweden, and Germany. In Poland, there are no detailed standards for post-stroke fitness-to-drive assessment.
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Jovanovic, Stevan, Biljana Stojanovic-Jovanovic, Aleksandra Pavlovic, Radovan Milosevic, and Dragan Pavlovic. "Cognitive ability and motor performances in the elderly." Vojnosanitetski pregled, no. 00 (2020): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp200812143j.
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Background/Aim. Ageing entails a wide range of cognitive processes that are not independent of one another. It leads to changes in physical-motor characteristics and sometimes to disability. The aim was to examine the association between multiple cognitive performances in elderly subjects and their physical-motor abilities measured by a variety of tests. Methods: In total, 98 elderly (60+) participants (16 males and 82 females), took part in the study. Cognitive abilities were assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)/Serbian version and physical measures were assessed by the Senior Fitness Test with its five subtests, supplemented by the Walking Speed Test. Results: Several MoCA items demonstrated relatively low variability, i.e. they proved to be too easy for most of the participants. The participants exhibited the lowest performance on the memory relating to other domains, followed by executive functions, visuospatial skills, attention, concentration, and working memory domains, with the highest performance on temporal and spatial orientation relating to other domains. Executive functions and language correlated most significantly with physical strength. Agility and dynamic balance, lower- and upper-body strength, and aerobic endurance correlated moderately and positively. Conclusions: This study underlines the positive correlation between physical fitness and cognitive level in the elderly and emphasizes the importance of physical fitness for cognitive functions, especially those of executive type in elderly subjects. Clinicians should consider the association between cognitive function and physical-motor performances when dealing with functioning improvement in the elderly. The importance of designing the most efficient exercise programs to achieve maximal somatic and cognitive effects.
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Healy, Brian, Aaron Treadwell, and Mandy Reagan. "Measures of RSA Suppression, Attentional Control, and Negative Affect Predict Self-Ratings of Executive Functions." Journal of Psychophysiology 25, no. 4 (January 2011): 164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803/a000053.
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The current study was an attempt to determine the degree to which the suppression of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and attentional control were influential in the ability to engage various executive processes under high and low levels of negative affect. Ninety-four college students completed the Stroop Test while heart rate was being recorded. Estimates of the suppression of RSA were calculated from each participant in response to this test. The participants then completed self-ratings of attentional control, negative affect, and executive functioning. Regression analysis indicated that individual differences in estimates of the suppression of RSA, and ratings of attentional control were associated with the ability to employ executive processes but only when self-ratings of negative affect were low. An increase in negative affect compromised the ability to employ these strategies in the majority of participants. The data also suggest that high attentional control in conjunction with attenuated estimates of RSA suppression may increase the ability to use executive processes as negative affect increases.
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Fauziyah, Cicik. "Peran Fungsi Eksekutif Siswa SMP dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Matematika." MATHEdunesa 9, no. 3 (December 18, 2020): 518–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/mathedunesa.v9n3.p518-528.
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Mathematics is a subject that has an important influence in every daily life. So that mathematics becomes the subject of learning at almost every level of education. However, many people complain that they have difficulty working on math problems. One of the factors that influence someone in solving math problems is the executive function. This study will conduct research to describe the role of the executive function of students in learning mathematics. The method used in this is descriptive qualitative research. Researchers will explore the role of junior high school students' executive function in solving story problems with the subject of three eighth grade students from 5 Junior High School of Surabaya. Data collection techniques used were tests and interviews. The results showed that the level of mathematical ability played a role in students' ability to solve story problems. There is an indication that the higher the level of mathematical ability, the higher the executive function they have and the students will solve the form of the story problem better. The conclusion in this study is that there is an important role of the executive function on students' ability to solve story problems in mathematics.
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Paxton, Jessica, and Nancy Chiaravalloti. "Rule Monitoring Ability Predicts Event-Based Prospective Memory Performance in Individuals with TBI." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 20, no. 7 (July 28, 2014): 673–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617714000575.
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AbstractNumerous studies have demonstrated that prospective memory (PM) abilities are impaired following traumatic brain injury (TBI). PM refers to the ability to remember to complete a planned action following a delay. PM post-TBI has been shown to be related to performance on neuropsychological tests of executive functioning and retrospective episodic memory (RM). However, the relative influence of impairments in RM versus executive functioning on PM performance post-TBI remains uninvestigated. In the current study, PM and neuropsychological test performance were examined in 45 persons with a history of moderate to severe TBI at least 1 year before enrollment. Regression analyses examined the relative contributions of RM and executive functioning in the prediction of PM performance on the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT). Results indicated that scores on tests of delayed RM and rule monitoring (i.e., ability to avoid making errors on executive measures) were the strongest predictors of PM. When the interaction between RM impairment and rule monitoring was examined, a positive relationship between PM and rule monitoring was found only in TBI participants with impaired RM. Results suggest that PM performance is dependent upon rule monitoring abilities only when RM is impaired following TBI. (JINS, 2014, 20, 1–11)
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Suleymanov, Ramil, Natalya Klimanova, and Galina Semenova-Poliakh. "Reliability in an extreme situation in managerial activity." SHS Web of Conferences 128 (2021): 01027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202112801027.
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The article presents a new approach to researching reliability in an extreme situation in mid-level managers (males and females). We assessed reliability of psychomotor activity in an extreme situation, psychoemotional stability, and stability of the functional asymmetry of brain hemispheres. It was shown that psychoemotional stability is the most important reliability parameter in managerial activity, while for practitioners (civilians and enforcers) stability of thinking is the most important. For executives, psychoemotional stability is important for decision making in extreme situations, while for practitioners most important is the ability to adequately and effectively perform actions. The proposed approach to studying executives via diagnosing psychophysiological parameters provides an informative material for its effective use in professional selection and recruiting to executive and practitioner positions. By the example of diagnostics of male and female executives, as well as practitioners (civilians and enforcers) one can see how the reliability structure changes in compliance with the activity specificity. The reliability diagnostics indicators can be effectively used to specify the patterns of individual reliability of an executive or an employee.