Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Exclosure'
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Ter, Beest Julia M. "EFFECTS OF A RESTORED ELK POPULATION ON SOILS, VEGETATION, AND WATER QUALITY IN EASTERN KENTUCKY." UKnowledge, 2005. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/284.
Full textAdkins, Nicholas. "Vegetation Assessment to Understand the Effect of Feral Goat Populations on Native Flora Composition." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Forestry, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7466.
Full textLeeson, Ryan Elizabeth. "Interactions between white-tailed deer and vegetation in southern Illinois." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2314.
Full textau, k. maher@murdoch edu, and Kellie Maher. "Encroachment of sandplain heathland (kwongan) by Allocasuarina huegeliana in the Western Australian wheatbelt: the role of herbivores, fire and other factors." Murdoch University, 2008. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20081211.92011.
Full textLemessa, Debissa. "Pests and pest controlling organisms across tropical agroecological landscapes in relation to forest and tree-cover." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och botanik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-102849.
Full textAt the time of the doctoral defence the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Manuscript; Paper 3: Manuscript; Paper 4: Manuscript
Burkholder, Derek A. "Top Down Control in a Relatively Pristine Seagrass Ecosystem." FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/799.
Full textGrubh, Archis R. "Effects of anthropogenic disturbances and biotic interactions on stream biota in gulf coastal plain streams." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1155753270.
Full textBrandenburg, Marci D. "Effects of deer exclosures on forest floor mammals." Ohio : Ohio University, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1097606609.
Full textBrandenburg, Marci. "Effects of deer exclosures on forest floor mammals." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1097606609.
Full textBunn, Victoria Jeanne. "The effects of riparian grazing exclosures on adjacent riverine ecosystems." Thesis, Montana State University, 2011. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2011/bunn/BunnV0811.pdf.
Full textBessey, Cindy. "The Role of Teleost Grazers in a Relatively Pristine Seagrass Ecosystem." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/911.
Full textEnsing, David John. "Novel approaches to evaluating compositional heterogeneity : a case study using grazing exclosures in alpine meadow communities." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45076.
Full textRichardson, Isabelle M. G. "Predator exclosures, a management technique to increase piping plover (charadrius melodus) reproductive success in the Canadian prairies." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ40100.pdf.
Full textWest, Benjamin C. "The Influence of Predator Exclosures and Livestock Grazing on Duck Production at Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge, Utah." DigitalCommons@USU, 2002. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4431.
Full textMolin, Johan. "Predation på evertebrater under tidig vår i sjön Tåkern." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Biologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-79044.
Full textScholtz, Theo. "The evaluation of the establishment and growth of indigenous trees to restore deforested riparian areas in the Mapungubwe National Park, South Africa / Theo Scholtz." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1842.
Full textThesis (M.Sc. (Botany))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.
Grellmann, Doris. "Top-down and bottom-up effects in a Fennoscandian tundra community." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-96883.
Full textDiss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2001, härtill 6 uppsstser.
digitalisering@umu
Moen, Jon. "Herbivory and plant community structure in a subarctic altitudinal gradient." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, 1993. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-102558.
Full textDiss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1993, härtill 5 uppsatser.
digitalisering@umu.se
Bernard, Marianne. "Changements climatiques et herbivorie : influence sur la régénération et le potentiel d'avenir des forêts mélangées." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTG052/document.
Full textThere is growing concern about the future of temperate mountainous forests, because of climate change and of the difficulties in regenerating forests caused by large ungulates pressure. Herbivore ungulate populations have strongly increased since the middle of the XXth century in the northern hemisphere. By their selective browsing due to their dietary preferences, they exert a strong pressure on regeneration, which intensity on each tree species varies with their palatability. The response of regeneration to climate change in terms of growth and survival is still poorly known, but some results suggest it could be affected differentially given the different autecologies of the species. In such a global changes context, mixed forests are considered a valuable option of adaptation. How would the regeneration phase respond to those two pressures, and what could be the future of a mixed stand in such a context? This study focuses on the effects of browsing by large ungulates and climate change on mixed silver fir, Norway spruce and beech stand regeneration. We show that the lower amount of light reaching the ground in mixed stands does not affect beech regeneration germinating. We demonstrate a quasi-substitution of silver fir by Norway spruce saplings when submitted to high browsing pressure. At the finer scale of foliar traits, we find different responses among the three species to varying climate and browsing pressure, silver fir being the only species expressing an answer to browsing (increase in shoot mechanical resistance and in foliar C:N). Our results also demonstrate a decrease in browsing with increasing winter temperature, and a stronger effect of browsing than of spring temperature on saplings growth for silver fir, beech and sycamore maple. Finally, our simulations of the dynamics of a mixed silver fir-Norway spruce-beech stand suggest a shift in tolerance to drought thresholds due to browsing, and confirm the possible eradication of silver fir in scenarios combining browsing and climate change. This work highlights the influence of large ungulates interacting with climate conditions on forest regeneration dynamics, and the importance to consider this pressure in research protocols aiming at studying the behaviour of regeneration in changing climate contexts
Vidaller, Christel. "Quels facteurs limitent l’installation de Brachypodium retusum : une espèces clé pour la restauration écologique des steppes méditerranéennes ?" Thesis, Avignon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AVIG0349/document.
Full textRamose false brome (Brachypodium retusum) is a perennial herbaceous species that dominates dry grasslands of the Western Mediterranean. In our southern French study area, spontaneous re-colonisation is very low after soil disturbance. This observation does not correspond to the results of studies from other regions showing a high colonisation capacity. The major objective of this PhD thesis was to test different hypotheses potentially explaining the different colonisation patterns.In the first chapter, we tested whether these different colonisation patterns are the result of genetic differentiation among populations. AFLP markers were used to analyse genetic structure including neutral population differentiation in 17 Western Mediterranean populations. In a sub-sample of 13 French populations, differentiation in phenotypic traits under selection was tested in a common garden and compared to neutral differentiation. In the second chapter, we present a study on adaptive differentiation in phenotypic traits testing a potentially differential response to the manipulation of key environmental factors. The last two chapters of the PhD analysed environmental factors that limit re-colonisation in the field independent of genotype or population. In the third chapter, we tested the effect of grazing and fire on vegetative recovery as well as on sexual reproduction of established B. retusum and in the fourth chapter we measured the effect of initial watering and grazing on the establishment of transplanted seedlings pre-grown in a greenhouse and of field-sown seedlings.Our results showed that populations of B. retusum are genetically differentiated in neutral markers but also in phenotypic traits. This differentiation is superior to drift alone and suggests adaptation to environmental conditions, particularly to summer temperature and winter frost frequency. A differential response to experimental manipulation of environmental factors (soil, pasture, soil moisture) confirmed the adaptive character of genetic differentiation. The field experiments showed that fire has a positive effect on B. retusum reproduction and on the associated community whereas vegetative recovery was not higher than community average. Two seasons of grazing exclosure did not affect any of the measured parameters in adult populations. Initial watering affected seedling establishment in the first season. In the second season, the watering main effect was not significant but interestingly the effect remained positive on survival in grazed plots whereas no such effect was observed in exclosures. Grazing in early life cycle stages of B. retusum had a negative effect on seedling recruitment and growth.In conclusion, adaptive differentiation between populations may have contributed to regional differences in colonisation capacity and needs to be taken into account in targeting source populations for plant introduction in ecological restoration. The positive response of B. retusum indicated that fire was an important selective force in the past which may be used to favour the species and its associated plant community in current conservation and restoration management. Short-term grazing exclosure is tolerated by mature B. retusum populations but long-term abandonment results in a decrease of cover relative to high-growing perennial grasses. In early stages of seedling establishment grazing should be avoided to guarantee introduction success - or grazing stress needs to be compensated by watering
Chang, Chia-wei, and 張家維. "The Impact of Migratory Shorebirds (Scolopacidae and Charadriidae) Feeding on Prey Abundance with Exclosure Experiment in Su Tsao Wild Life Reserve." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85696684801169522488.
Full text國立彰化師範大學
生物學系
90
The Su Tsao Wild Life Reserve is a very important perching habitat in southwest Taiwan for winter migrant birds. Feeding is the main activity to wintering shorebirds. Therefore, the exclosure experiment and the analysis of stomach content in shorebird were designed to assess the impact of feeding activities of winter shorebirds on the prey abundances in this Reserve Area. According to the experimental results and statistic analysis, I concluded that: (1) Except water depth, other environmental factors were no significance differences in every experimental day. (2) Feeding of shorebirds declined the numbers of the invertebrates, however, the numbers of birds were few, the numbers of the invertebrates no significant declined. (3) The reduced quantity of invertebrates was positively correlated with the numbers of shorebirds. (4) From the study of stomach contents, shorebirds consumed Thiara riqueti, Neanthes glandicincta, and Capitellidae sp.1. Exclosure experiment produced the same result. (5) At night, shorebirds still fed and reduced the numbers of invertebrates. The result also presented that the distribution of shorebirds was no concern with the invertebrate numbers. The possible reason for this would be the invertebrates were abundant to supply the consumptions of shorebirds. The feeding rate of shorebirds might be over estimated by mathematical magnification. In addition, more information about resident invertebrates, such as life cycle and activity times, will provide more thorough understanding in the feeding ecology of winter shorebirds.
Beaulieu, Gabrielle. "The Implications of Predator Management for an Endangered Shorebird; Do Nest Exclosures Affect the Behaviour of Piping Plovers and their Predators?" Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15520.
Full textZhou, Rugare. "The long term changes of woody vegetation patches inside and outside of exclosures in Kruger National Park, South Africa." Thesis, 2014.
Find full textBennett, Ami. "The impacts of sambar (Cervus unicolor) in the Yarra Ranges National Park." 2008. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/6804.
Full textFaecal pellet transect surveys determined that sambar occupancy and density was greatest on open flats, lower on forest edges adjacent to open flats (< 250 m), and significantly less in other forested areas of the catchment. Observations of The Flats revealed that hinds were the main demographic class represented, with a mean group size of 39 individuals, and up to 70. This is the largest aggregation of sambar ever reported anywhere in the world, and equates to an approximate density of 200 km-2 at this site.
Selective exclosures effectively differentiated the offtake of forage by sambar from that of native herbivores. Sambar contributed to the majority of offtake at The Flats, and were able to obtain a substantial proportion of their daily food requirements from this source. A culling program began in the Yarra Ranges National Park in May 2008, to reduce the large numbers of deer in the park. The cull reduced the time spent by sambar on The Flats, as determined by faecal pellet accumulation plots, and significantly reduced faecal pellet load and forage offtake.
Sambar significantly decreased relative foliage cover of shiny nematolepis (Nematolepis wilsonii), a threatened understorey tree, through their antler rubbing activities. Thrashing of shiny nematolepis saplings also significantly decreased relative foliage cover, with sambar selecting saplings with a larger stem diameter from those available. Rubbed trees and thrashed saplings experienced damage to, on average, over half the stem circumference.
Selective exclosures allowed differentiation of sambar and native herbivore browsing on forest understoreys. Browsing by sambar in high densities prevented the vertical growth of plants in the understorey, with branches above 60 cm in height most commonly browsed. Plants in the understorey were more frequently and intensely browsed in areas of high sambar density. Three species were browsed to a significantly greater extent by sambar than native herbivores: hazel pomaderris (Pomaderris aspera), prickly tea-tree (Leptospermum continentale) and prickly bush-pea, (Pultenaea juniperina). Sambar significantly reduced plant biomass in forest understoreys where they occur in high densities.
The presence of large, open herb-rich areas drives the high local densities and associated impacts of sambar within the Yarra Ranges National Park. Future areas of research are identified and management recommendations are outlined. A sustained culling program appears to be the only practical option to reduce sambar density and impacts at this locality.
Solorzano-Filho, Jorge Alberto. "On Small Mammal Sympatry in the Southeastern Amazon and Ecological Relationships with Brazil Nut Dispersal and Harvesting." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/19233.
Full textMaas, Bea. "Birds, bats and arthropods in tropical agroforestry landscapes: Functional diversity, multitrophic interactions and crop yield." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-5E77-5.
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