Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Excercise'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Excercise.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Excercise.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Anderson, Scott Cameron. "Blood lactate reduction at three recovery intensities following severe rowing excercise." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26348.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to observe the differences in rates of blood lactate reduction (BLR) at three recovery intensities (40% VO₂max,
60% V02max, and combined recovery ) when subjects are highly trained
and aerobically fit. Eight well-trained oarsmen (age = 23.2 yr, Ht = 189.6 cm, Wt = 85.3 kg, VO₂max = 5.2 1 / min or 61.6 ml / kg min⁻¹) were tested
in one pre-experimental procedure and three experimental treatments. The pre-experimental procedure involved the determination of VO₂max,
and the loads at which 40 -, 50 -, and 60% VO₂max occurred from a
progressive load VO₂max. The three experimental treatments each
involved three one minute maximal load intervals on the rowing
ergometer to elevate blood lactate, followed by a 30 minute randomly assigned recovery on the rowing ergometer at either 40% VO₂max (40R),
60% VO₂max (60R), or combined recovery (CR). Blood samples, from an
indwelling catheter placed in the cephalic vein, were taken at t=0,1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9,12,15,18, 21, 24, 27, and 30 min of recovery. Analysis of plasma samples revealed a mean resting blood lactate concentration ( [ Bla ] ) of 1.2 mM and a mean peak [ Bla ] following maximal exercise of 16.3 mM. ANOVA indicated that no significant differences occurred between the rates of lactate reduction for the three treatments (p<.055). With p<.055 and an effect size of eta=.31, further testing using a post-hoc multicomparison analysis revealed a significantly faster (p<.05) rate of BLR during the 60R treatment when compared to the rate of BLR for 40R. No further differences were revealed between any of the other comparisons (40R vs CR, or 60R vs CR). The significant differences between the rate of BLR for 60R compared to 40R may be due to the subjects' high aerobic fitness, the specific nature of both their training and the recovery task, and physiological adaptations related to a high fitness level.Education, Faculty of
Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of
Graduate
2
Thamrin, Husni. "Modelling the respiratory control system in human subjects for excercise conditions." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/421/.
Full textAbstract:
A model is a very helpful tool to describe, interpret and explain the behaviour of a highly complex system such as the human respiratory system. The research work presented in this thesis is concerned with the development of a nonlinear dynamic simulation model of the respiratory control system in human subjects for exercise conditions. Modelling the respiratory system is not a new activity but the development of a general model that takes into account the conditions above the lactate threshold has not been attempted previously because of a number of problems that arise for these particular operating conditions. Many variables become increasingly non linear in terms of their temporal pattern and magnitudes. Also metabolic acidosis, which is negligible below the lactate threshold, cannot be neglected for exercise conditions that take the system above the lactate threshold. The current work has established a general model that applies for exercise conditions below and above the lactate threshold. The model takes into account the factor of metabolic acidosis, which is calculated by estimating the production and consumption of lactate in body tissues and its kinetics in the blood. The slow component increase of muscle energetics and O2 extraction is also considered. Well established algorithms are employed to estimate the O2 and CO2 dissociation curves and the Siggaard-Andersen nomogram is used to calculate blood pH. The model is able to reproduce the main features of the system response in terms of ventilation and pulmonary gas exchange during moderate and heavy exercise. It is also able to reproduce the characteristics of several blood quantities including arterial gas partial pressures, arterial O2 and CO2 concentrations, mixed-venous and arterial pH and also lactate and bicarbonate concentrations. Potential applications of the model include describing the contribution of haemoglobin to performance in exercise conditions, estimating how cardiac output should change during heavy exercise, describing the effect of acidosis, and describing the changes of body CO2 stores during exercise. Assumptions, limitations and procedures for testing and evaluating the model are discussed, along with suggestions for further developments that could lead to possible improvements of the model and thus to an extension of the range of problems to which the model could be applied.
3
Muthalib, Makii. "Effects of muscle contractions on biceps brachii oxygenation investigated by near-infrared spectroscopy." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2010. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1894.
Full textAbstract:
Oxidative metabolism is the dominant source of energy for skeletal muscle. To investigate muscle oxidative metabolism, it is necessary to measure muscle oxygen (O2) consumption during exercise. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) allows for the noninvasive investigation of muscle oxidative metabolism during exercise at a high time resolution. However, limited studies have used NIRS to compare oxidative metabolic responses of the biceps brachii during lengthening (eccentric), shortening (concentric) and static (isometric) voluntary contractions, and electrically evoked isometric contractions. Therefore, the overall purpose of this thesis was to investigate the effects of muscle contractions on biceps brachii oxygenation and haemodynamics using NIRS...
4
Ryder, Jeffrey W. "Mechanisms regulating metabolic and mitogenic events in skeletal muscle : implications for insulin resistance and excercise /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4024-X.
Full text
5
Wiles, Jonathan. "The Effects of isometric excercise on selected cardiovascular Variables with specific reference to blood pressure." Thesis, University of Kent, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499702.
Full text
6
Guild, R. James. "Design and analysis of a model reconfigurable cyber-excercise laboratory (RCEL) for information assurance education /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Mar%5FGuild.pdf.
Full text
7
Raine, Neil Martin. "Cardiovascular adjustments and blood pressure regulation immediately following dynamic exercise in normotensive men." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388524.
Full text
8
McMaster, D. Travis. "Effect of resistance mode on squat and jump kinematics and kinetics." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2009. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1892.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis provides an in depth investigation of the following four resistance modes: constant resistance (CR), rubber based resistance (RBR), pneumatic resistance (PnR) and standard link steel chain (SLSC) resistance; where the following issues were assessed: i) a review of literature discussing the kinematics, kinetics, practical applications and limitations of constant, accommodating and vaiiable resistance modes; ii) a descriptive analysis of the resistive properties of RBR, SLSC and PnR; and iii) an experimental study researching the kinematic and kinetic effects of performing squat and jump type movements with CR, PnR, RBR and SLSC.
The review provides valuable biomechanical information with regards to human strength curves ( def. which approximate the torque production capabilities of single and multi-joint movements), cam and lever systems, RBR and SLSC resistance. The descriptive analysis of RBR, SLSC and PnR provides the strength and conditioning coach and clinician with a methodology to quantify variable resistance, which may be useful in the presc1iption of specific loading intensities. The RBR bands exhibited curvilinear tension-defonnation relationships and were best represented by quadratic function equations (R2 2: 0.99); while the SLS chains exhibited linear mass-displacement relationships and were best represented by linear function equations (R2 = 1). When purchasing bands the buyer needs to be aware of inter-band resting length differences (0.5 to 5.3%), as this results in mean tension imbalances (1.6 to 17.5%) in the same colour band. The development of adjustment equations were required for the PnR system to correct for the inaccuracies of the displayed values. The displayed and measured (i.e. force plate) loads increased in a linear fashion allowing the regression equations to accurately predict (r2 = 1) true loads from displayed load values. The mean displayed load was 28% greater than the mean measured load, which would pose a major problem for prescribing specific pneumatic loads if adjustment equations were unavailable. All pneumatic resistive devices should be tested by the manufacturer, practitioner and scientist in a similar manner if utilized in institutes of sport and research, as well as fitness centres.
The experimental study was undertaken to determine the mechanical effects of CR, RBR, SLSC and PnR on peak velocity (PV), mean force (MF), peak force (PF), work, mean power (MP), peak power (PP), rate of force development (RFD) and rate of power development (RPD) while performing h·aditional squats (TS), shallow counte1movement jumps (SCMJ) and deep countennovement jumps (DCMJ). Nine resistance-trained male participants (age 25.8 ± 4.7 years; height 178.9 ± 7.3 cm; mass 81.4 ± 8.4 kg) completed a total of eight sessions, which were comprised of four familiarization and four testing sessions. The significant differences found between the resistance modes suggest that strength and conditioning professionals should use RBR bands and PnR in training programs to increase speed and power in their athletes; and utilize CR and PnR to maximize force and power development. Based on current findings the use of SLS chains for training ballistic movements is not recommended.
9
Bennett, Christina G. "Religious Freedom or Child Abuse? Drawing the Line between Free Excercise and Crimes against Children in Georgia." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/rs_theses/31.
Full textAbstract:
This project examines how Georgia draws the line between religious freedom and child abuse. In Georgia, certain religious parents are granted spiritual exemptions for conduct that would otherwise be prohibited due to its potential harm to children, while other parents must alter their religious practices to conform to the law. An examination of Georgia law governing conduct that is both religiously-motivated and poses a risk of physical harm to children illustrates that Georgia’s spiritual exemptions have contributed to producing legally-defined religious orthodoxy, inconsistent regulation of religious conduct, and less stringent state protection from harm for the children of some religious parents.
10
Goh, Shi Shien. "Effect of a lower-body compression garment on submaximal and maximal running performance in cold (10°C) and hot (32°C) environments." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2009. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1878.
Full textAbstract:
Lower body compression garments (LBCG) are commonly worn by athletes in an attempt to improve performance and enhance recovery. To date, research has shown equivocal findings on the effects of LBCG on endurance performance. Moreover, some athletes may use such garments in warmer climates, which could impair thermoregulation. As no previous study has investigated the effect of LBCG on endurance running in hot and cold ambient temperatures, the purpose of this study was to compare the wearing of conventional running shorts versus full- length LBCG, Skins™, on running performance and physiological responses, in both hot (32ºC) and cold (10ºC) conditions. It was hypothesised that the wearing of LBCG would improve running economy, and would increase skin and core temperature as well as time to exhaustion at 10 °C; time to exhaustion was hypothesized to be lower with LBCG at 32ºC. Ten male recreational runners (19 - 44 y, V ˙ O2max: 56 - 64 ml/kg/min) performed 4 running performance tests (20 min at first ventilatory threshold [VT1], followed immediately by a run to exhaustion at the minimal velocity which elicits V ˙ O2max [v.V O2max]) under 4 different conditions (10°C with LBCG, 10°C without LBCG, 32°C with LBCG, 32°C without LBCG) each separated by one week in a randomized order. Criterion measures consisted of time to exhaustion (TTE), rectal and skin temperature (Tre and Tskin), oxygen consumption (VO2), heart rate (HR), blood lactate (BLa) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). VO2, Tre and Tskin, HR, BLa and RPE were monitored intermittently during 10 min of rest, the VT1 run, the run to exhaustion at v.VO2max and during 10 min of seated recovery. These variables were compared with and without LBCG (Control) for each temperature separately using a two-way repeated measures ANOVA with a Tukey’s post-hoc test. Changes in these variables were also compared between temperatures independent of garment condition. TTE, pressure of garment and weight loss incurred from exercise were compared between conditions using a one-way repeated measures ANOVA. Significance was set at p
11
Contarteze, Ricardo Vinicius Ledesma. "Biomarcadores do estresse em ratos exercitados por natação e corrida em esteira rolante /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87423.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Maria Alice Rostom de MelloBanca: José Roberto Moreira de Azevedo
Banca: Eliane Stevanato
Resumo: Muitos estudos enfocando metabolismo e exercício são desenvolvidos em modelos animais, especialmente os ratos. Entre os exercícios mais utilizados nas pesquisas com animais estão a esteira rolante e a natação. Contudo, ainda persistem dúvidas de qual seria o exercício mais apropriado para desencadear mais respostas ao exercício e menos respostas associadas a outros estresses. A atividade do eixo hipotálamo-hipófise-adrenal constituído pelos hormônios ACTH e corticosterona são importantes biomarcadores de estresse. Portanto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar biomarcadores do estresse durante exercício de intensidade conhecida em ratos exercitados por natação e por corrida em esteira rolante. Foram utilizados ratos Wistar adultos, adaptados aos exercícios, que tiveram a máxima fase estável de lactato (MFEL) determinada. Para isso, foram submetidos a 3 testes de 25 minutos de exercícios de natação (n=18) suportando cargas de 5,0 ; 5,5 e 6,0% do peso corporal (PC) ou 3 corridas com 25 minutos de duração (n=13) às velocidades de 15; 20 e 25 m/min. Houve coleta sangüínea da extremidade da cauda dos ratos a cada 5 minutos de exercício para dosagem de lactato. Após obtenção da MFEL, os animais foram divididos em subgrupos: (M) sacrificados imediatamente após sessão de 25 minutos de exercício (natação=09 ou esteira=07) na intensidade da MFEL ou (S) sacrificado após exercício exaustivo (natação=09 ou esteira=06) em intensidade 25% superior a MFEL. Para comparações, um grupo controle C (n=10) foi sacrificado em repouso. Utilizou-se Anova Two Way para identificar possíveis diferenças nos parâmetros de estresse (p<0,05). Foram obtidos os seguintes resultados MFEL: natação 5,5% do PC e corrida 20m/min às concentrações de lactato sanguíneo (mmol/L) de 5,2l0,3 na natação e 3,8l0,1 na corrida... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Many studies on metabolism and exercise are developed with animal models especially rats. Treadmill running and swimming are among the exercises most used in researches involving animals. However, doubts on which would be the most suitable exercise to unchain more responses to exercise and less responses associated to other stresses still remain. The activity of the hypothalamic-pytuitary-adrenal axis composed of ACTH and corticosterone hormones are important stress biomarkers. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to compare stress biomarkers during known-intensity swimming and treadmill running exercises performed by rats. Wistar adult rats previously adapted to exercises and with their maximum lactate steady state (MLSS) determined were used. To do this, rats were submitted to 3 swimming tests with 25 minutes of duration (n=18) with loads of 5.0; 5.5 and 6.0% of their body weight (BW) or to 3 running sessions with 25 minutes of duration (n=13) at velocities of 15; 20 and 25 m/min. Blood samples were collected from the tip tail of rats each 5 minutes of exercise for lactate dosage. After MLSS attainment, the animals were divided into the following subgroups: (M) sacrificed shortly after session of 25 minutes of exercise (swimming=09 or treadmill=07) at the MLSS intensity or (S) sacrificed after exhaustive exercise (swimming=09 or treadmill=06) at intensity 25% above MLSS. For comparison purposes, a control group C (n=10) was sacrificed in rest. The Two-Way ANOVA was used in order to identify possible differences in the stress parameters (P<0.05). The following results were obtained: MLSS: swimming 5.5% of the BW and treadmill running at 20 m/min at blood lactate concentrations (mmol/L) of 5.2l0.3 in swimming and of 3.8l0.1in running. Serum ACTH concentrations (pg/mL) were significantly higher for the swimming group (963.3l420.4)... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
Mestre
12
Nimphius, Sophia. "Performance characteristics of elite softball players: Changes and determinants of performance related to the lower body." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2009. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2091.
Full textAbstract:
Study 1: Relationship between ground reaction force and ball velocity during windmill softball pitching The purpose of this research was to (1) determine the reliability of measuring ground reaction force (GRF) in multiple pitching trials and (2) investigate the relationship between ground reaction forces and pitch velocity in elite fastpitch softball pitchers. Seven female softball pitchers (19.6 ± 3.9 years; 167.4 ± 7.2 cm; 77.3 ± 7.6 kg) from the state, national and international level pitched six fastballs for maximal velocity and the fastest three pitches were used for analysis. Vertical peak forces (Fz1, Fz2), anterior-posterior peak forces (FAP1, FAP2), resultant peak forces (FR1, FR2) and maximal pitch velocity (PV) were measured using a force plate (Type 9287BA, Kistler) and a JUGS radar gun. Intraclass correlation (ICC) and coefficient of variance (CV) was determined for all variables and the relationship between PV and GRF was evaluated by Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. Statistical significance was set at α level of p < 0.05. The ICC for all GRF variables (0.922-0.985) and PV (0.914) were high. CV for GRF variables ranged from 2.2% to 4.9% and 2.4% for PV. Fz2 and PV were significantly correlated (r = 0.89; p < 0.01). Fz2 relative to bodyweight (Fz2/BW) was also significantly correlated to PV (r = .801, p < 0.05). No other GRF measures were significantly correlated to PV. A high ICC and low CV across the variables support the reliability of GRF and PV over multiple trials. The strong correlation between Fz2 and PV provides evidence that a transfer of force to the lower body has a large contribution to windmill pitching performance. This supports prescription of lower body strength exercises to improve the ability of pitchers to effectively transmit forces through the lower body for improved PV.
Study 2: Relationship between strength, power, speed and change of direction performance of female softball players The purpose of this study was to investigate (1) the cross-sectional relationship of strength, power, and performance variables in trained female athletes and (2) determine if the relationship between these variables changes over the course of a season. Ten female softball players (age = 18.1 ± 1.6 years, height = 166.5 ± 8.9 cm, weight = 72.4 ± 10.8 kg) from a state Australian Institute of Sport softball team were tested for maximal lower body strength (1RM), peak force (PF), peak velocity (PV), and peak power (PP) during jump squats unloaded and loaded, unloaded countermovement vertical jump height (VJH) one base (1B) and two base (2B) sprint performance and change of direction performance on dominant (505 D) and non-dominant sides (505 ND). The testing sessions occurred pre, mid and post a 20 week pre/in-season training period. Relationship between body weight (BW), relative strength (1RM/BW), VJH, relative PP, relative PF, PV, speed and change of direction variables were assessed by Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient at each testing session. Significant relationships were found across all time points with BW, speed and change of direction measures (r = 0.70 to 0.93) and relative strength and measures of speed and change of direction ability (r = -0.73 to -0.85). There were no significant relationships between VJH and any measure of performance at any time point. In conclusion, body weight and relative strength have strong to very strong correlations with speed and change of direction ability and these correlations remain consistent over the course of the season. However, it seems as if many relationships vary with time and their relationships should therefore be investigated longitudinally to better determine if these cross-sectional relationships truly reflect a deterministic relationship.
Study 3: Changes in muscle architecture and performance during a competitive season in female softball players The purpose of this research was to (1) examine the performance changes that occur in elite female softball players during 20 weeks of concurrent softball training and (2) examine the relationship between percentage change in muscle architecture variables and percentage change in strength, speed and change of direction performance. Ten female softball players (age = 18.1 ± 1.6 years, height = 166.5 ± 8.9 cm, weight = 72.4 ± 10.8 kg) from a state Australian Institute of Sport softball team were tested for maximal lower body strength (1RM), peak force (PF), peak velocity (PV), and peak power (PP) during jump squats unloaded and loaded, one base (1B) and two base (2B) sprint performance, change of direction (505) on dominant (D) and non-dominant (ND) sides, aerobic capacity and vastus lateralis (VL) muscle architecture characteristics including muscle thickness (MT), fascicle length (FL) and pennation angle (θp). The testing sessions occurred pre, mid and post a 20 week pre/in-season training period. Changes over time were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA. Relationship between percentage (%) change in muscle architecture variables and strength, speed and change of direction variables from pre to post were assessed by PPM correlation coefficient. Significant improvements in PV and PP occurred at all JS loads pre-mid and pre-post. Significant increases occurred pre-post in absolute 1RM, relative 1RM, 505 ND and 2B sprint. The strongest relationships were found between % change in VL MT and 1B sprint (r = -0.800, p = 0.06), % change in VL FL and 2B sprint (r = -0.835, p = 0.02), and % change in relative 1RM and 505 D (r = -0.702, p = 0.04). In conclusion, gains in strength, power and performance can occur through the season in elite softball players and are correlated to changes in muscle architecture.
13
Hwang, Ji Hui. "The effects of acute exercise and aging on the growth of prostate cancer cells." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/130703/2/Ji_Hui_Hwang_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigated the effects on exercise and ageing on prostate cancer cell growth. Blood serum was collected before and after exercise from older and younger adults and tested in a cell culture model using prostate cancer cells. Expanding upon previous research by others that was conducted in young adults only, the results of this study suggest that exercise increases the cancer-inhibitory effects of serum from older adults.
14
Contarteze, Ricardo Vinicius Ledesma [UNESP]. "Biomarcadores do estresse em ratos exercitados por natação e corrida em esteira rolante." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87423.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2006-04-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:08:43Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
contarteze_rvl_me_rcla.pdf: 244333 bytes, checksum: bb439309fd00a352f846a3b4aad3fa24 (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Muitos estudos enfocando metabolismo e exercício são desenvolvidos em modelos animais, especialmente os ratos. Entre os exercícios mais utilizados nas pesquisas com animais estão a esteira rolante e a natação. Contudo, ainda persistem dúvidas de qual seria o exercício mais apropriado para desencadear mais respostas ao exercício e menos respostas associadas a outros estresses. A atividade do eixo hipotálamo-hipófise-adrenal constituído pelos hormônios ACTH e corticosterona são importantes biomarcadores de estresse. Portanto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar biomarcadores do estresse durante exercício de intensidade conhecida em ratos exercitados por natação e por corrida em esteira rolante. Foram utilizados ratos Wistar adultos, adaptados aos exercícios, que tiveram a máxima fase estável de lactato (MFEL) determinada. Para isso, foram submetidos a 3 testes de 25 minutos de exercícios de natação (n=18) suportando cargas de 5,0 ; 5,5 e 6,0% do peso corporal (PC) ou 3 corridas com 25 minutos de duração (n=13) às velocidades de 15; 20 e 25 m/min. Houve coleta sangüínea da extremidade da cauda dos ratos a cada 5 minutos de exercício para dosagem de lactato. Após obtenção da MFEL, os animais foram divididos em subgrupos: (M) sacrificados imediatamente após sessão de 25 minutos de exercício (natação=09 ou esteira=07) na intensidade da MFEL ou (S) sacrificado após exercício exaustivo (natação=09 ou esteira=06) em intensidade 25% superior a MFEL. Para comparações, um grupo controle C (n=10) foi sacrificado em repouso. Utilizou-se Anova Two Way para identificar possíveis diferenças nos parâmetros de estresse (p<0,05). Foram obtidos os seguintes resultados MFEL: natação 5,5% do PC e corrida 20m/min às concentrações de lactato sanguíneo (mmol/L) de 5,2l0,3 na natação e 3,8l0,1 na corrida...
Many studies on metabolism and exercise are developed with animal models especially rats. Treadmill running and swimming are among the exercises most used in researches involving animals. However, doubts on which would be the most suitable exercise to unchain more responses to exercise and less responses associated to other stresses still remain. The activity of the hypothalamic-pytuitary-adrenal axis composed of ACTH and corticosterone hormones are important stress biomarkers. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to compare stress biomarkers during known-intensity swimming and treadmill running exercises performed by rats. Wistar adult rats previously adapted to exercises and with their maximum lactate steady state (MLSS) determined were used. To do this, rats were submitted to 3 swimming tests with 25 minutes of duration (n=18) with loads of 5.0; 5.5 and 6.0% of their body weight (BW) or to 3 running sessions with 25 minutes of duration (n=13) at velocities of 15; 20 and 25 m/min. Blood samples were collected from the tip tail of rats each 5 minutes of exercise for lactate dosage. After MLSS attainment, the animals were divided into the following subgroups: (M) sacrificed shortly after session of 25 minutes of exercise (swimming=09 or treadmill=07) at the MLSS intensity or (S) sacrificed after exhaustive exercise (swimming=09 or treadmill=06) at intensity 25% above MLSS. For comparison purposes, a control group C (n=10) was sacrificed in rest. The Two-Way ANOVA was used in order to identify possible differences in the stress parameters (P<0.05). The following results were obtained: MLSS: swimming 5.5% of the BW and treadmill running at 20 m/min at blood lactate concentrations (mmol/L) of 5.2l0.3 in swimming and of 3.8l0.1in running. Serum ACTH concentrations (pg/mL) were significantly higher for the swimming group (963.3l420.4)... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
15
Goldbaum, Erika. "Human factors and vaccine responses: how behaviours impact reactogenicity and immunogenicity." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29740.
Full textAbstract:
A healthy lifestyle can optimize immune system function, but its ability to benefit vaccine responses is less established. The effects of external factors, such as weather, which influence our health behaviours are also less clear. This thesis investigated whether there is an interaction effect from acute exercise and physical activity (PA) on antibody responses; whether adverse events following immunization (AEFI) vary with time or weather; and whether lifestyle behaviours affect the likelihood of AEFI or post-vaccination disease incidence. Study one evaluated the interaction effect on antibody responses in individual participant data (n = 550) from a meta-analysis. Study two examined associations between ambient temperature and AEFI using a large active surveillance dataset; study three similarly evaluated the time of day and AEFI relationship. Study four examined associations between behaviours and vaccine effectiveness and reactogenicity in a 16-week study of 1301 participants. Some health behaviours were associated with vaccine immunogenicity but had minimal associations with reactogenicity. Sufficient PA increased the likelihood for seroconversion. Usual sleep quality was inversely associated with illness; other associations included a sex × age interaction, indicating the higher illness frequency in women dissipated with age, and a positive association between AEFI and illness. In contrast, the only behaviour associated with AEFI was usual sleep duration. AEFI were also associated with vaccine coadministration and showed a sex × age interaction, with increased AEFI in females relative to males from 7.5-87.5 years of age. The thesis demonstrated that health behaviours can affect vaccine responses. Future research with objective measures addressing the roles of PA and sleep in immunogenic responses would improve understanding and potentially provide avenues for improving vaccination effectiveness and experience.
16
Lishman, Marny. "A goal setting approach to a healthy lifestyle in adolescent females." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2009. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/330.
Full textAbstract:
Obesity and overweight, caused by unhealthy lifestyle behaviours such as physical inactivity and an unbalanced diet, contribute to a multitude of problems for both individuals and the community. The literature has demonstrated that risk factors that contribute to unhealthy lifestyle behaviours arise during childhood and adolescence. These behaviours lead into adulthood and the onset of chronic diseases such as Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
This thesis reported on the construction, implementation and exploratory evaluation of a goal setting program to help facilitate behaviour change in the areas of healthy eating and physical activity in female adolescents. Forty-two female adolescents enrolled in high school who were between 13 and 17 years of age participated in the study. Participants were split into two groups, an intervention group and a control group. Participants were educated in a goal framing technique which emphasised setting ‘approach’ over ‘avoidance’ goals, particularly in reference to living a healthy lifestyle; and they were encouraged to set goals that were moving towards success or gaining something, rather than giving up something. Both the goal setting program and the accompanying healthy lifestyle education program took an hour long each. The intervention period spanned six weeks with follow up after a further four weeks.
Dependent variables were behaviour, knowledge, Body Mass Index (BMI), self perception, exercise self efficacy and eating self efficacy. Individuals who participated in the goal setting program lost more weight (as measured by BMI), and increased their knowledge compared to those in the control group who did not set goals. Both findings ceased to be significant when age was controlled for statistically. Further exploration of the data revealed individual differences associated with culture and pre-intervention BMI evident in the goal setting group.
This research provided some support for using an aspect of goal setting (goal framing) in health behaviour modification for adolescents. Additional resources may be needed to facilitate change in the health behaviours of adolescents including ongoing support through an adolescent’s school and family, the use of motivational interviewing, and additional support for those adolescents who are already overweight.
17
Mirian, Mauricio. "Padronização de teste incremental de esforço máximo a campo para cavalos que pratiquem \"Hipismo Clássico\"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-15012009-113659/.
Full textAbstract:
Tendo em vista o grande numero de cavalos praticantes de atividades físicas altamente competitivas, a necessidade de se acompanhar o treinamento e a observação dos efeitos do treinamento no rendimento atlético dos animais, foi proposta a padronização de um teste incremental de esforço máximo a campo para cavalos adaptado do UM-TrackTest proposto para humanos. Para tanto foram utilizados 10 animais da raça Brasileiro de Hipismo, alojados em uma única vila hípica e submetidos ao mesmo manejo nutricional e de treinamento. Foram avaliados parâmetros bioquímicos (CK, LDH, lactato circulante e glicemia circulante) e sanguíneos (numero total de hemácias, concentração de hemoglobina circulante e hematócrito) ao final de cada estágio de aceleração onde as velocidades foram mantidas através de um sinal sonoro e marcações na pista de teste eqüidistantes a 50 metros. A análise estatística dos resultados obtidos das amostras colhidas demonstrou correlação de todas as variáveis analisadas em relação à intensidade do exercício quando comparadas ao repouso exceto a analise de CK e LDH que não mostrou alterações significantes durante todo o teste ( p = 0,5205 e p = 0,7913 respectivamente). O lactato apresentou uma correlação positiva (p = 0,000) em relação a FC e esta uma correlação positiva (p = 0,000) com relação a intensidade. Numero de hemácias circulantes (p = 0,000), concentração de hemoglobina circulante (p = 0,002) e hematócrito (p = 0,000) também tiveram correlação positiva com à intensidade. Com relação à glicemia observou-se uma correlação negativa significante com a FC (p = 0,003 e r = -0,312). O teste proposto demonstrou ser uma ferramenta de fácil aplicação e de reprodução a campo, permitiu a observação e constatação do limiar de lactato e permitiu a observação e avaliação das interações e inter-relações dos sistemas orgânicos mais relevantes durante o exercício.In a view of the larger number of horses that practice highly competitive physical activities, the need to monitor the training and observation of the effects of training in athletic performance of the animals, it was proposed to develop a standard test for incremental maximum effort at the field for horses adapted to UM-TrackTest proposed for humans. To achieve this purpose, 10 animals of the breed of Brazilian Equestrian, housed in a single town riding and submitted at the same nutritional management and the same training. Biochemical (CK, LDH, lactate and glucose circulating stock) and hematologic parameters (total number of red blood cells, concentration of hemoglobin and hematocrit) were evaluated at the end of each stage of acceleration where the speeds were maintained through a sound and markings in equidistant test track at 50 meters. Statistical analysis of the results of samples taken showed correlation of all variables in relation to the intensity of physical exercise when compared to resting status at the end of exercise, except for review of CK and LDH that showed no significant changes throughout the test (p = 0.5205 and p = 0.7913 respectively). The lactate showed a positive correlation (p = 0000) compared to HR and HR showed a positive correlation (p = 0000) with regard to intensity. Number of circulating red blood cells (p = 0000), circulating concentration of hemoglobin (p = 0002) and hematocrit (p = 0000) also had positive correlation with the intensity. With regard to glycemic there was a significant negative correlation with HR (p = 0003 and r = -0312). The proposed test proved to be a tool for easy application that can be applied on the field, allows the observation and finding the lactate threshold and allowed the observation and evaluation of the interactions and inter-relationships of organic systems more relevant during exercise.
18
Hinton, Benjamin. "The acute effects of whole-body vibration and heavy resistance exercise on countermovement jump." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2009. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2088.
Full textAbstract:
Postactivation potentiation (PAP) has been recognised as an improvement in muscle-twitch force following conditioning contractile activity. The phosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chains has been identified as the principal mechanism underlying PAP. Contractile activity has been shown to produce both PAP and fatigue, and it is the balance between the two that determines whether the response is enhanced, suppressed or unaffected. To date, the optimum time period between the heavy-resistance exercise and subsequent power performance remains to be elucidated. Similarly, many studies have been conducted on the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) in relation to PAP with inconclusive results. The use of WBV with elite athletes has been limited, and there are no published studies focussing on WBV and its possible use in activating PAP. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether an acute enhancement of power (PAP) differs between WBV training and a heavy set of resistance exercise, and to investigate the time-course changes at 1, 3 and 5 minutes post WBV and heavy resistance exercise interventions. Fifteen male professional rugby union players (age 20.4±2.6 yrs) were recruited as participants. Using a cross-over design where participants performed all interventions, the heavy-resistance intervention consisted of a 3RM back squat, while the WBV intervention consisted of participants performing full dynamic squats whilst exposed to a vibration treatment (40 Hz, 4 mm displacement) on a VibroGym Professional vibration platform. A control condition consisting of body-weight squats only was also employed. All interventions were performed after a standardised squat warm-up. Peak power and peak displacement were measured by means of a countermovement jump. Comparison between interventions showed no statistically significant differences in peak power or peak displacement at any time point, but ES calculations indicated that moderate to large changes occurred in peak displacement (WBV - 5.9%, ES=0.60; 3RM - 10.9%, ES=1.09; Control - 8.2%, ES=1.05). The results also showed that a large effect (ES=1.16) was evident 3-5 minutes post-intervention. The results from the present study suggest that in professional rugby union players, PAP may be elicited from both WBV and heavy-resistance exercise. The large effects found post-intervention have implications for both strength and conditioning coaches and athletes in understanding potential outcomes when trying to elicit PAP using WBV or heavy-resistance exercise. Further study in this area will need to focus on the underlying mechanisms and their effects on an elite or high-performance population.
19
Van, Niekerk Estelle. "Exercise preferences and expectations of young female students in a university environment." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1529.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M Sport Sc (Sport Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The study investigated the exercise preferences of female university students participating in exercise modes presented at the local gymnasium and their expectations of the outcomes of such participation. Secondly, the study aimed to determine the most important reason for their participation and whether this was satisfied by their choice of exercise mode. A third aim was to determine other reasons that contributed to the selection of exercise environment and mode. The size of the research group of the pilot study was 210 (n=210). For the final longitudinal study, over a period of three years, it was 985 (N=985). The study population was selected on a basis of convenient sampling, availability and interest among young female gymnasium members, (aged 18 to 27 years). Their participation was voluntary. Original questionnaires were constructed for the purpose of the study to provide general demographic and physical characteristic information of the participants, their exercise preference and choice of exercise mode, reasons for participation in particular exercise modes, time spent on physical activity, frequency of attendance of exercise sessions, exercise motivators, barriers to exercise, medication and supplementation prevalence, health problems and smoking. The questionnaire was completed in a five to 10 minute time slot before the commencement of exercise classes at the gymnasium. Information required on the questionnaire was verbally explained to the participants during the initial few minutes of data capturing. Guidance was given for each section of the questionnaire during the five to 10 minute period allocated for completion. Data was captured on Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and the analysis was performed using Statistica for Windows (Statsoft SA-2008). Descriptive statistics were used to analyse and present the data. The results of the study indicated that most (34.4%) young female students who regularly attended group exercise sessions at the gymnasium preferred participating in the exercise modality punchline (a boxing aerobic modality), with the aim of losing weight (45%) and improving their general fitness (24%).
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was om die oefenvoorkeure en oefenverwagtinge van jong damestudente wat gereeld by die plaaslike universiteitgimnasium oefen, vas te stel. Tweedens wou die studie die belangrikste redes vir deelname bepaal, en of hierdie verwagting gerealiseer het met die keuse van oefenmodaliteite in hierdie oefenomgewing. 'n Derde doel was om vas te stel watter ander redes 'n bydrae sou maak tot die keuse van 'n oefenomgewing en oefenmodaliteite. Die navorsingspopulasiegroep was jong dames in 'n universiteitsomgewing. Tydens die verkennende studie was die getal kandidate 210 (n=210). Vir die finale longitudinale studie, oor ’n tydperk van 3 jaar, was dit 985 (N=985). Die jong dames by die spesifieke universiteitgimnasium is geselekteer op grond van beskikbaarheid en belangstelling in die navorsing en was tussen die ouderdom van 18 en 27 jaar. Hul deelname was vrywillig. 'n Vraelys is spesiaal vir hierdie navorsing opgestel. Die vraelys het inligting ingewin oor algemene demografiese aspekte en fisieke kenmerke van die deelnemers, oefenvoorkeure en verwagtings van oefenmodaliteite, redes vir die seleksie en deelname in oefenmodaliteite, tyd bestee aan oefening, frekwensie van deelname, motiveerders vir oefening, beperkende faktore ten opsigte van gereelde deelname aan fisieke aktiwiteit, medikasie en supplementasie gebruik, gesondheidsprobleme en rook. Die vraelyste is voltooi in die eerste vyf tot 10 minute van oefenklasse, voor die aanvang van die gereelde gimnasiumprogram. Inligting op die vraelys is verbaal aan die teikengroep verduidelik in die eerste paar minute van elke klas. Tydens hierdie tydperk is gereeld inligting oor elke vraag verskaf vir kontrole en akkuraatheid van voltooiing van die vraelys. Data oor die veranderlikes is in die rekenaarprogram Microsoft Excel gekodeer en die statistiese ontleding is deur middel van Statistica vir Windows (Statsoft SA 2008) gedoen. Beskrywende data is gebruik om die resultate te ontleed en aan te bied.
20
Tirén, Torkel. "En Ny Gymkultur: Ett normkritiskt projekt om maskulinitet, gym och träning." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22278.
Full textAbstract:
Den här uppsatsen undersöker hur design kan synliggöra rådande maskulinitetsnormer inom gym och träning med syfte att undersöka hur gym bättre tillgodoser gymbesökares behov. Utifrån studiens resultat utvecklas ett normkreativt gymkoncept samt prototyp. Studiens litterära efterforskningar beskriver hur design använts som kritiskt och synliggörande verktyg samt hur maktförhållanden kopplade till rådande maskulinitetsnormer tar sig i uttryck. Studiens koncept och prototyp är ett möjligt förslag på hur en bredare syn på maskulinitet, gym och träning skulle kunna möjliggöra uppfyllandet av fysiska och psykiska behov genom att introducera gymkontexten för värden som inte ryms inom rådande maskulinitsnormer.This study examines how design can be used to highlight the current norms around masculinity within gym and excercise with the purpose of exploring how gyms better meet the gym visitors needs. The result of the study is developed in to a norm-creative concept and prototype. The literary research in the study describes how design has been used as a critical and highlighting tool and how current norms around masculinity and associated power relations expresses itself. The study’s concept and prototype are a possible suggestion for how a widened understanding of masculinity, gym and exercise could facilitate the gym meeting the gym visitors physical and mental needs by introducing values in the gymcontext which isn’t included in current masculinity.
21
Matheri, Joseph Mwangi. "Physical inactivity among adolescents with physical disabilities attending high schools in Kenya." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_3717_1258009225.
Full textAbstract:
Physical inactivity together with overweight and obesity has emerged as a major health risk factor for chronic disease of lifestyle as coronary heart disease, diabetes type 2, and hypertension affecting adolescents with physical disabilities in developed countries. This has contributed to the increase of social and economic costs of healthcare and social services in these countries. Review of literature has revealed that little has been documented about the status of adolescents with physical disabilities in developing countries. This study, therefore, aimed at establishing the degree of physical inactivity among high school adolescents with physical disabilities in Kenya.
22
Mirian, Mauricio. "Avaliação comparativa do grau de esforço e condição cardíaca em cavalos árabes e mestiços árabes submetidos a treinamento de resistência, avaliados através de teste de esforço máximo em esteira." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-15072014-150248/.
Full textAbstract:
As modalidades esportivas equestres exigem cada vez mais cavalos com alto desempenho. Portanto o conhecimento das principais adaptações dos sistemas envolvidos na melhora do desempenho (muscular, pulmonar e cardiocirculatório) se faz necessário. Há diversos estudos na literatura sobre a adaptação do sistema muscular e respiratório em equinos, porém os poucos estudos existentes que envolvam o sistema cardiocirculatório durante o exercício o referem-se apenas a alterações de ritmo. O número de trabalhos científios é ainda mais escasso quando se pesquisa a interação do treinamento físico com o sistema cardiocirculatório. O presente estudo tem por objetivo caracterizar as principais alterações cardiocirculatórias decorrentes da prática de atividade física contínua em intensidade leve a moderada por um período de 90 dias de treinamento aeróbico. Para isso foram avaliados nove equinos, da raça Árabe e Cruzados Árabes, machos ou fêmeas, adultos, em início das atividades de treinamento para prática de enduro, sendo cinco treinados a campo e quatro treinados em esteira de velocidade a 60% da frequência cardíaca máxima por 90 dias. Podemos concluir no presente estudo que o treinamento aeróbico num período de 90 dias já é suficiente para promover hipertrofia da parede livre do ventrículo esquerdo melhorando a força de contração cardíaca. Essa, por sua vez, permite o aumento do volume ejetado pelo ventrículo esquerdo tendo como consequência um melhor fornecimento de oxigênio e nutrientes para a musculatura que está sendo utilizada para a atividade física levando a melhora dos parâmetros de desempenho (lactato, limiar de lactato, FC, V200, PCO2). No mesmo período se observa a diminuição da FC tanto de repouso como durante a prática de atividade física e diminuição do DC, PAS e PAM. Os resultados sugerem que assim como observado em ratos e em atletas a diminuição da PAS se dá pela diminuição do DC por ação do cronotropismo negativo.Equestrian sports are increasingly demanding high performance horses. Therefore the knowledge of the main adaptations of the systems involved in the improvement of performance (muscle, lung and cardiocirculatory) is required. There are several studies in the literature on the adaptation of muscle and respiratory system in horses, but the few studies involving the cardio-circulatory system during exercise refers only to arrhythmic events. The number of studies is even sparse when researching the interaction of physical training with the cardiocirculatory system . The present study aims to characterize the main cardiovascular changes resulting from the practice of continuous physical activity in mild to moderate for a period of 90 days of aerobic training intensity. Nine horses were evaluated , arab and crusader arab breed, male or female , adult , in the beginning of training activities for practicing endurance, five trained to field and four trained treadmill speed at 60 % of maximum heart rate for 90 days. We can conclude in this study that aerobic training within 90 days is enough to promote hypertrophy of the free wall of the left ventricle to improve the strength of cardiac contraction. This improvement increases the volume ejected by the left ventricle resulting in a better supply of oxygen and nutrients to the muscles being used for physical activity leading to improvement in performance parameters (lactate, lactate threshold, FC, V200, PCO2). In the same period we observe a decrease in heart rate both at rest and during physical activity and decreased DC, SBP and MBP. The results suggest that as observed in rats and athletes decreased SBP occurs by decreasing the DC for the negative chronotropic action.
23
Adel, Ahmed Mousa. "Response of Female Athletes to Twelve-Week Plyometric Depth-jump Training." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc935688/.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to investigate the response of trained intercollegiate and national level female athletes to twelve week depth-jump (DJ) training performed twice weekly with forty repetitions of DJs performed each training session. Results of statistical analysis revealed that only the .3 and .5 meter experimental group improved significantly on VJ ability. However, there was no significant increase in LS for either experimental group compared to the control group. It was concluded that DJ training from .3 and .5 meter heights is more optimal for increasing VJ ability of trained female athletes compared to the 0.75 and 1.1 meter heights as recommended by Verhoshanski for trained male athletes. It was also concluded that DJ training has the the ultimate purpose of developing explosive leg power not leg strength.
24
Sheriff, Constance, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. ""I wanna be toned I don't want to be muscular" : dominant discourses and women's exercise choices." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Kinesiology, c2011, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/2582.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores how women who exercise regularly frame their involvement in
exercise with regard to discourses of femininity, fitness, consumerism, and healthism,
and how these contemporary discourses impact women’s exercise choices. Sixteen semistructured
interviews were conducted with women who exercise regularly. The objective
was to elicit detailed information about the types of exercise these women were involved
in, how they came to exercise in particular ways, and with what rationales. A Foucaultian
discourse analysis of the interview transcripts was undertaken to uncover commonalities
and differences in how the sometimes competing discourses of femininity, fitness,
consumerism, and healthism affect the types of exercise engaged in. By examining the
interplay between discourse, power/knowledge, surveillance, discipline, subjectivity, and
the resultant construction of normative feminine and health ideals, this thesis attempts to
determine how women are constructed, and construct themselves, as regular exercisers
and how this construction impacts the ways in which the women chose to exercise.vii, 149 leaves ; 29 cm
25
Hult, Johan. "Effekten av excentrisk träning gällande smärta och funktion hos patienter med kronisk patellar tendinopati : En systematisk litteraturstudie." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-3369.
Full textAbstract:
Syfte - Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie var att sammanställa forskning som utvärderar effekten av excentrisk träning samt jämföra excentrisk träning med alternativ behandling på smärta och funktion vid kronisk patellar tendinopati. Frågeställningar 1. Vilken evidens finns idag för att excentrisk träning minskar smärta och förbättrar funktion hos personer med patellar tendinopati? 2. Vilken evidens finns idag för att excentrisk träning är mer effektiv gällande smärta och funktion jämfört med andra behandlingsstrategier hos personer med patellar tendinopati? Metod Sökning av litteratur gjordes i PubMed, Web of Science, Cinahl och AMED. 12 artiklar valdes ut för granskning enligt PEDro scale. Poängbedömningen omsattes till SBUs mall för bevisvärde för evidensgrad och sammanställdes i tabellform med rubrikerna syfte, urval, metod, statistik, resultat, slutsats och primära utfallsvariabler. Resultat Resultatet av denna litteraturstudie visar en indikation på att excentrisk träning minskar smärta och ökar funktion hos personer med patellar tendinopati. Jämfört med annan behandling är excentrisk träning lika effektivt som kirurgi, Heavy Slow Resistance och mer effektiv än kortisoninjektion vid långtidsuppföljning. En artikel hade högt bevisvärde och elva medelhögt. Slutsats Nuvarande forskning ger en indikation på att excentrisk träning ger en minskning av smärtan och ökad funktion hos personer med patellar tendinopati, dock kan man om möjligheten finns använda sig av andra behandlingsmetoder som visat sig ge samma effekt. För att säkerställa effekten gentemot andra behandlingsmetoder behövs fler studier med hög kvalité som jämför samma metoder. I dagsläget är det för få studier som faktiskt jämför samma saker vilket gör det svårare att med säkerhet säga att excentrisk träning är bättre än annan behandling.Aim - The purpose of this systematic review was to compile research evaluating the effect of eccentric training and compared with alternative therapy, on pain and function in patients with chronic patellar tendinopathy. Method - Search of the literature was done in PubMed, Web of Science, Cinahl and AMED. 12 articles were selected for review using the PEDro scale. Points assessment were traded with SBU template probative value of evidence level and summarized in tabular form. Results - The results of this study showed that eccentric training reduces pain and increases function of patients with patellar tendinopathy. Compared to other treatments eccentric training is as effective as surgery, Heavy Slow Resistance and more effective than cortisone injection at long term follow-up. Also more effective than friction and ultrasound. One article had high quality and the rest medium quality. Conclusions -Current research provides an indication that eccentric exercise results in a decrease in pain and improved function in patients with patellar tendinopathy, however, the use of other therapies has proven to give the same effect and can be used if there is a possibility to. To ensure efficacy against other treatments more studies with high quality comparing the same methods are needed. In the current situation there are too few studies that actually compare the same things which make it difficult to say with certainty that eccentric training is better than any other treatment.
26
Hlavica, Michal. "Analýza audio kodeků užívaných při IP telefonii." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219778.
Full textAbstract:
Issue of this diploma thesis is focused on analysis of audio codecs used within IP telephony. Attention of teoretical part is given mostly to audio codecs according to ITU-T recommendations, but also to signaling protocols used here. For practical part of analysis is chosen router Cisco 2821 and IP phones Cisco 7975G. Configuration is done over operating system Cisco IOS. Chosen signaling protocol is SCCP. For analysis itself are chosen 2 analysers – L-580FX and Fluke NetTool. These are used in combination with program Wireshark. Analysed parameters are latency, packet lost, bandwidth, jitter and mean opinion score. Measured values are presented in graphs and tables and they are discussed. Next output of the thesis is laboratory excercise, which deals with analysis of audio codecs.
27
Martín, Ontiyuelo Clara 1988. "Implicaciones clínicas y biológicas del déficit de hierro en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica : Efectos tras la reposición con hierro carboximaltosa." Doctoral thesis, TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa), 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673393.
Full textAbstract:
El déficit de hierro (DH) podría jugar un papel en la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) dado que es fundamental en la bioenergética celular. Estudio 1: Se analizaron 18 pacientes EPOC con DH y 18 pacientes EPOC sin DH evidenciándose en el grupo con DH mayor grado de sedentarismo y menor actividad física. Estudio 2: Ensayo clínico aleatorizado con hierro carboximaltosa vs placebo. El 52,3% de los pacientes tratados con hierro mejoraron la tolerancia al ejercicio frente al 18,2% en el grupo placebo. Estudio 3: Determinación de los niveles en suero de estrés oxidativo sistémico, antioxidantes y metabolismo del hierro. El ensayo clínico evidenció una disminución de los marcadores de estrés oxidativo tras la reposición con hierro. En definitiva, el DH en la EPOC se asoció con una mejoría de la capacidad de ejercicio y una disminución de los niveles de estrés oxidativo sistémico tras la reposición con hierro carboximaltosaIron deficiency (ID) may play a role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as it is fundamental in cellular bioenergetics. Study 1: 18 COPD patients with ID and 18 COPD patients without ID were analysed, showing a more sedentarism and less physical activity in ID group. Study 2: Randomised clinical trial with iron carboxymaltose vs placebo. 52.3% of patients treated with iron improved exercise tolerance compared to 18.2% in the placebo group. Study 3: Determination of systemic oxidative stress levels, antioxidant markers and serum iron metabolism. This randomized clinical trial evidenced that iron replacement elicited a decline in serum oxidative stress markers. In conclusion, ID in COPD was associated with an improvement in exercise capacity and a decline in serum oxidative stress markers after replacement with iron carboxymaltose.
28
Tscherter, Vincent. "Exorciser : Automatic generation and interactive grading of structured excercises in the theory of computation /." Zürich, 2004. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=15654.
Full text
29
Kwiatkowska, Angelika. "What is the “Ševčík Method”? : Deeper understanding of Otakar Ševčík’s excercises for violin based on the example of his 40 Variations, op. 3." Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för klassisk musik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-3595.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis I have studied the so-called “Ševčík method” based on the example of his 40 Variations, op. 3. I’ve tried to achieve a deeper understanding of what the exercises are good for and how they work. I took a closer look at Otakar Ševčík’s life and work history, I also investigated other’s opinions and judgements of the “method” that were appearing in press and literature during the last hundred years. The practical part of my project is the experiment that I’ve put myself through. I was diligently practicing 40 Variations every day, trying to improve my technique and learn by playing how to apply those exercises in real life. As a result of this process I’ve developed my bow technique and gained better understanding of how to use Ševčík’s exercises.The sounding part of the work consists of the following recordings:
1)Mozart before 2) Mozart after 3) Rossini before 4) Rossini after
The Corona virus situation spring semester 2020 has caused limitations in the recording possibilities. The recordings may be supplemented.
30
Therriault, Audrey. "Effets d’une diète hypocalorique contrôlée en protéines lors d’un programme de perte de poids combiné ou non à un entraînement musculaire sur la composition corporelle chez les femmes ménopausées, obèses et sédentaires." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/7576.
Full textAbstract:
Problématique : La diète hypocalorique est une approche efficace pour traiter les problèmes de surpoids et d’obésité. Toutefois, cette solution est également associée à une diminution de la MM. Des données indiquent qu’une diète avec un apport optimal en protéines aiderait au maintien de la MM. Cependant, l’impact d’une diète riche en protéines en combinaison avec un entraînement en résistance n’a jamais été étudié chez des femmes ménopausées, obèses et sédentaires jusqu’à maintenant. Objectifs : Examiner l’impact d’une diète riche en protéines contenant un minimum de 25 g de protéines d’origine animale, combinée ou non à un entraînement en résistance, sur le poids et la composition corporelle chez des femmes ménopausées, obèses et sédentaires. Méthodes : Quatorze femmes ménopausées et obèses (65,1 ± 2,8 ans; IMC 31,9 ± 2,7 kg/m²) ont été distribuées aléatoirement dans deux groupes (1 : diète riche en protéines contenant un minimum de 25 g de protéines d’origine animale et 2 : diète riche en protéines contenant un minimum de 25 g de protéines d’origine animale + entraînement en résistance) et suivies sur une période de 16 semaines. Variables d’intérêt : masse grasse (MG) et masse maigre (MM) totale (par DXA), et apports alimentaires (journaux alimentaires sur 3 jours). Résultats : Aucune différence significative n’a été observée entre les deux groupes pour les variables d’intérêt au début de l’étude. Pour les deltas de changement du journal alimentaire en valeurs absolues, l’apport énergétique était significativement différent entre les deux groupes. La consommation en grammes de protéines est demeurée similaire au début et à la fin de l’intervention pour les deux groupes. Les analyses ont révélé des diminutions significatives du poids, de l’IMC, de la MG, du % MG et de l’indice de MG (MG/taille m²) pour chacun des groupes (P< 0,05). Le delta de changements de la composition corporelle étaient similaire pour les deux groupes, sauf pour la perte de MG relative [ MG / sur poids initial) x 100] (P< 0,05). Finalement, aucun changement significatif n’a été observé pour la MM et l’indice de MM (MM/taille m²) après l’intervention pour les deux groupes. Conclusion : Les résultats démontrent qu’une diète ayant 1,27 g de protéines par kg de poids par jour (contenant un minimum de 25 g de protéines d’origine animale) permet le maintien de la MM suite à une perte de poids associée à une diète hypocalorique seule chez les femmes ménopausées. L’ajout d’un programme d’entraînement en résistance n’a pas eu d’effet additif sur la composition corporelle dans notre étude.
31
Mathis, Barbara. "Selected Vocal Exercises and Their Relationship to Specific Laryngeal Conditions: a Description of Seven Case Studies." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331362/.
Full textAbstract:
Good vocal health is a vital concern for those people who use the voice in a professional capacity, such as teachers, singers, actors, clergymen, and lawyers. Research in the area of vocal health reveals the need to determine if specific exercises are beneficial to the voice and if exercises used to train the singing voice might be beneficial to alleviate pathological and/or dysfunctional voice disorders.
The purpose of this study was to describe the response of a variety of pathological voices to a selected set of singing exercises. Subjects were selected from the private practice of cooperating physicians who felt that the vocal instruction and exercise program might be helpful to the teachers, students, professional "pop" singers, and housewife-singers who were diagnosed to have muscle tension dysphonia, nodules, recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis, or iatrogenic dysphonia.
Instrumentation for assessing conditions before, during, and after exercise included a brief case history, subject interviews, attending physicians' medical charts, flexible fiberoptic video nasolaryngoscopy, video cassette recorder and video tape segments, three physician/observers, and a specific diagnostic procedure which provided a method of assessing organic, functional, and perceptual variables.
For the exercise program the researcher chose seven vocalises from the routine designed by Allan R. Lindquest, whose techniques combined those of the Italian school with those of Swedish studios which produced such singers as Flagstad and Bjoerling. The seven vocalises included a warm up "massage" and exercises for separation and blending of the registers, vowel clarity and modification, tone focus, vocal attack, and flexibility.
Since all the subjects showed improvement after exercise in the vocal conditions observed in this study, these vocalises and technique may be helpful to alleviate pathological conditions and/or dysfunctional behavior in other subjects. The researcher further suggests that the voice profession investigate the efficiency of other techniques, exercises, and musical vocalises which might bring about positive changes in vocal conditions and behavior.
32
Pettersson, Anna. "Uppfattningar om bålstabilitet samt upplevelse av att träna bålstabilitet i grupp hos personer med ländryggssmärta." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-60439.
Full textAbstract:
Bakgrund: Ländryggssmärta är vanligt förekommande och ger konsekvenser både på individ- och samhällsnivå. För individen kan ländryggssmärta leda till begränsning i funktion och aktivitet samt är ofta relaterad till olika grad av rörelserädsla. Kliniska riktlinjer för ländryggssmärta rekommenderar bland annat individanpassad träning samt att relevant information och förklaringsmodeller ges till patienten. Det finns tidigare studier som kvantitativt utvärderar träning riktad mot bålstabilitet och motorisk kontroll och som visar på effekt på utfallsmått som smärta och funktion. Den här studien ger en kvalitativ beskrivning av hur patienter upplever begreppet bålstabilitet och bålstabiltetsträning i grupp. Syfte: Att beskriva hur personer med ländryggsmärta uppfattar begreppet bålstabilitet samt deras upplevelse av att träna bålstabilitet i grupp. Metod: För att besvara syftet valdes en kvalitativ metod. Tio personer som deltagit i bålstabiliserande träning i grupp intervjuades. Intervjumaterialet analyserades med innehållsanalys. Resultat: Informanternas upplevelse av begreppet bålstabilitet är att ha bra och starka muskler i rygg och mage och framför allt att man även har bra kontroll på de inre små magmusklerna. Det leder till förbättrad förmåga posturalt och i rörelse och aktivitet samt kan förebygga eller behandla smärta. Studien visar att träning i en grupp där det finns en engagerad ledare som ger individanpassad introduktion och feedback och som ser alla deltagare är positivt för upplevelsen av träning och ger ökad motivation. För att gruppdeltagarna ska uppnå egen kunskap om träningen och hur den ska genomföras önskar deltagarna individanpassad feedback på rätt nivå under hela inlärningsprocessen. Bålstabiliserande träning i grupp ger upplevelse av förbättring och ökad medvetenhet och tillit till sin rygg och sin förmåga. Konklusion: Studien bekräftar klinisk erfarenhet om det positiva med att träna i grupp och visar att gruppträning är tillämpbart trots att bålstabilitetsträning kräver individanpassad feedback.Background: Low back pain is a common problem with consecuences for both comunity and individual. For the individual the pain can give limitations i function and activity and is often correlated with different levels of fear of movement. Clinical guidelines for low back pain recommends individualized exercise and that relevant explainations are given to the patient. There are previous studies that quantitatively evaluates training directed towards corestability and motor control and these show that the interventions gives effects on outcomemeasures such as pain and function. This study provides a qualitative description of how patients experience the concept of corestability and training of corestability in a group. Aim: To describe how people with low back pain experience the concept of corestability and their experience to train corestability in a group. Methodology: To answer the purpose a qualitative method was chosen. Ten people whom had participated in a corestabilizing traininggroup were interviewed. The interviewmaterial was analyzed using content analysis. Results: The informants experience of the concept of corestability is to have good strong muscles in the back and abdomen and also good control over the local small abdominal muscles. This leads to improved ability in postural- and movementactivities and can prevent or treat pain. This study shows that training in a group where there is a committed leader that provides individualized introduction and feedback and that notice all participants is positive for the experience of training and provides increased motivation. For the participants to achieve their own knowledge about the training they wish for individualized feedback throughout the learningprocess. Corestabilitytraining in a group gives an experience of improvement and increased awareness and trust in ones back and ones ability. Conclusion: The study confirms clinical experience of positive impact of groupexercise and shows that groupexercise is applicable although stabilitytraining requires individualised feedback.
33
Ollivier, Karen. "Effet d'un entrainement aérobie sur des patients atteints d'une myopathie métabolique : la maladie de McArdle." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066066.
Full text
34
Chen, Yu-Chan, and 陳宇泉. "The research on preparation for the excercise of emergency response." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34432490170429916447.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
防災與環境工程研究所
97
In recent years, an exercise for emergency response was hold by an organization or an enterprise annually in Taiwan to improve the emergency response capability and to reduce the damage in a toxic accident. The present era computer has become a significant tool to obtain information. This study was to design a computer program named “Little Helper -Preparedness for an Toxic Emergency Response Excercise (Hel-Per-E). The steps and methods of this study include:(1) To collect and classify the relevant information of exercises from Central of Accident Response in Taiwan or Central of Emergency Response in California; (2) To participate an emergency exercise to obtain experience actually; (3) To design the software content, focusing on the exercise procedure and attentive matters; (4) To design relevant interfaces of procedure and to employ the combining function to categorize information; (5) To learn the program language Delphi 7.0, such as paging function, the Drop-down type menu function, and etc; (6) To design a computer program to assist the management on the exercise; (7) To test and correct the program. The result of this study is a program called HelPERE which includes: preparatory which way provide an organization or an enterprise with good reference to excercise an emergency response task. The Drop-down menu function and paging function in Delphi software offer completely convenient user interfaces and practical drill information for users that will assist to build the emergency response exercise.
35
Lennox, K. "The effect of an excercise intervention on mood is mediated by eating attitude change." Thesis, 2013. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/20792/1/whole_LennoxKate2013_thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Physical exercise is associated with improved mood and psychological wellbeing, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We assessed the relative importance of change in exercise, weight-loss and psychological variables (social support, self-esteem, self-efficacy, disordered eating attitudes and body image) in predicting changes in mood following an exercise intervention; and tested the mediating role of disordered eating attitudes in the relationship between exercise intervention and mood improvement. Adult women enrolled in a 12 week exercise intervention (GFC group) (N=17 ) or a control group (N=40) were assessed for key exercise, weight, mood and psychological wellbeing variables at four time points across a 16 week period. Significant positive mood and psychological wellbeing changes were observed in the GFC group but not the control group following the 12 week exercise intervention. Regression analysis revealed decrease in disordered eating attitudes to be the most consistent and significant predictor of positive mood change associated with exercise intervention. Mediation analysis revealed that disordered eating attitude change was a significant mediator of mood improvements observed following the exercise intervention. This study provides preliminary evidence to suggest an important role of disordered eating attitudes in understanding exercise-related mood improvements and supports models that highlight the importance of psychological aspects to exercise interventions.
36
Wilkinson, Maureen. "Ultrasound analysis of the normal variability of muscle and tendon response to daily activity and excercise." 2003. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/46697.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis describes a series of studies in which ultrasound was used to measure muscle activity around the shoulder. The preliminary studies used professional musicians as subjects because the chronic nature of their problems with shoulder muscles offered an opportunity to test the usefulness of ultrasound in a changing physical environment. Once protocols, reliability, validity and sensitivity to change were established, the main study focused on ?normal? subjects in order to explore ?normal? variability.
37
Chetty, Julie. "An investigation into the use of exercise as a medium for mental health promotion among institutionalised children." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/68.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophiae in psychology
in the
Department of Psychology at the University of Zululand, 2006.It is widely documented that institutionalised children represent a vulnerable sector of the population as they carry a high risk for the development of psychological problems. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in the use of exercise as a medium for mental health promotion. Various studies have provided evidence that exercise improves general health, quality of life, mood, subjective well-being, self esteem, self perception and other attributes which influence mental health positively. However, there is little research done in the South African context with specific emphasis on children. It was against this backdrop that an investigation into the use of exercise as a medium of mental health promotion among institutionalised children was conducted. This study was contextualised within the community psychological model of mental health promotion with mental health being conceptualised as a subset of physical activities aimed at improving health and well-being. A quasi-experimental control group research design, with pre and post testing on self report measures of physical self-perception, depression and paediatric symptoms, was used to investigate the effectiveness of physical exercise as a medium for mental health promotion among institutionalised children in local children's homes. Focus groups were held with children and caregivers to obtain qualitative data. The exercise intervention was associated with significant improvements in the physical self-perception of the children and caretakers' ratings of children's behaviour. These findings provide a compelling argument for the value of exercise in the promotion of mental health in children's homes.
National Research Foundation
38
Van, Rooijen Agatha Johanna. "Physical activity as an intervention in urban black females with type 2 diabetes mellitus disorders." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24177.
Full textAbstract:
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 DM) is present in the populations of almost all the countries in the world and is a significant disease burden in most developed countries. Evidence suggests that populations in Africa develop Type 2 DM at an increasing rate as they reject their traditional lifestyles. Furthermore, newly released figures by the Medical Research Council of South Africa indicate that diabetes is the 10th most common cause for total life years lost in females in South Africa. Exercise is a low cost, non-pharmacological intervention that has been shown to be effective in metabolic control. Exercise is still vastly under-utilised in the management of Type 2 DM, especially in urban black females with Type 2 DM. This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of an exercise intervention to decrease haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) over period of 12 weeks in Type 2 DM black female subjects, aged 40to 65 years. This study consisted of three phases. Data captured in the first two phases were utilised to plan the exercise intervention. Questionnaires and focus groups were used in the first two phases of the stud. The final phase of the study consisted of a randomized controlled trial. For this phase 157 female subjects who were recruited at the Mamelodi hospital diabetes outpatient clinic, were randomized to either an experimental or a control group. It was found that the subjects had little knowledge about their disease and that they lead a sedentary lifestyle. Subjects felt that Type 2 DM had a negative impact on their lives. Their attitudes bout Type 2 DM showed a dependence on health professionals and they disagreed with the attitude that they should be involved in decision-making about their health care. The results of the focus groups indicated that patients viewed walking and household chores as suitable exercise for them. Personal barriers to exercise were lack of knowledge, tiredness and health-related stress. Subjects expected that exercise would increase the functional capabilities, increase their knowledge and improve their well being. These findings were used to plan the exercise intervention, which consisted of a home-based exercise programme and fortnightly exercise sessions at the Mamelodi hospital. Subjects also had to complete a diary of their physical activities at home. An analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA) was used to compare the experimental and control groups with respect to change in HbA1c and the secondary outcomes such as walking distance and quality of life outcomes. It was found that the exercise intervention was no more efficacious (p=0.05) than a supervised self-relaxation training intervention to decrease HbA1c, over a period of 12 weeks. The exercise group was however able to walk a significantly further distance (p<0.01) than the control group after the 12-week intervention. While not significantly different between groups (p=0.80), the positive well-being improved significantly within both groups (p<0.01). It is possible to improve blood glucose control by means other than medication in urban black female patients with Type 2 DM. The patients are willing to change their sedentary lifestyle to a more active one, but several environmental and personal barriers impact negatively o their attempts to do so. The role of the health care worker is to identify these barriers and to accompany the patient on the road to a healthier lifestyle. However, this population of women may need more assistance and support initially to take self-responsibility for their diabetes self-management eventually.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2006.
Physiotherapy
unrestricted
39
Beer, Pavel. "Assessment Center-Skupinové úlohy." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-310937.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis deals with the problem of group tasks in assessment centers. The theoretical part provides an overview to the basic characteristics of the method of assessment center, describes the process of designing and realization, and discusses in detail the issue of simulation exercises and group tasks. The empirical part focuses on relations among activity of participants during group tasks, their personal characteristics and experience with the method of assessment center. Key words: assessment center group tasks simulation excercise
40
Jaromin, Ewa. "Neurophysiological mechanisms underlying increased performance of bank voles selected for high swim-induced aerobic metabolism." Praca doktorska, 2019. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/148748.
Full textAbstract:
Poziom aktywności fizycznej zależy zarówno od biomechanicznych i fizjologicznych ograniczeń organizmu (np, sity mięśni), jak i cech behawioralnych (np. motywacji, która jest "generowana" przez układ nerwowy). Celem pracy było zbadanie, czy ewolucja zwiększonej wydolności tlenowej może być wsparta przez ewolucję motywacji do podjęcia aktywności fizycznej, Hipotezy dotyczące roli sygnalizacji monoaminergicznej (dopaminergicznej, noradrenergicznej, serotoninergicznej) lub endokannabinoidowej w regulacji motywacji do podejmowania wysiłku były testowane w oparciu o unikalny model zwierzęcy - linie nornic rudych (Myodesglareolus) selekcjonowane w kierunku wysokiego tempa metabolizmu tlenowego uzyskiwanego podczas pływania (linie A) oraz nieselekcjonowane linie kontrolne (linie C), W pokoleniu 19 nornice z linii A osiągnęły o 61% wyższy metabolizm tlenowy podczas pływania (VChs^m) niż nornice z linii C. Ponieważ podczas pomiarów nornice mogły energicznie pływać lub po prostu unosić się na powierzchni wody, poziom VO2swim zależał zarówno od wydolności tlenowej jak i motywacji do podjęcia intensywnej aktywności. Poziom metabolizmu osiągany podczas wysiłku, który zależy głównie od wydolności tlenowej (wymuszony bieg na bieżni, VO2^rn) był wyższy niż VChswim u nornic z linii C (korygowane na masę ciała LSM ± SE [mlC^/min]: bieg: 4,73±0,13, pływanie: 4,31±0,13; p=0,008), podczas gdy nornice z linii A osiągnęły podobny poziom VO2run i VO2 swim (bieg: 6,09±0,13, pływanie: 6,31±0,13; p=0,13), W kolejnych pokoleniach wyniki były podobne, Zatem pod wpływem selekcji zmianie uległa zarówno wydolność tlenowa, jak i mechanizmy neuronalne odpowiedzialne za motywację do podjęcia intensywnej aktywności fizycznej, W celu testowania hipotezy badano wpływ manipulacji farmakologicznej na VO2 swim, Użyto nieselektywnego inhibitora wychwytu zwrotnego (RI) dopaminy/noradrenaliny (DARI/NERI, bupropion), selektywnych RI dopaminy (DARI, wanokseryna), serotoniny (SSRI, fluoksetyna), noradrenaliny (NERI, reboksetyna) i endokannabinoidów (eCBRI, AM404) oraz antagonistę receptora endokannabinoidowego CB1 (CBlAnta, rimonabant), DARI/NERI i CB1Anta nie wpłynęły znacząco na mierzone cechy, DARI, SSRI, NERI i eCBRI obniżyły poziom VO2 swim u nornic z linii A i C (spadek % w porównaniu z pomiarem po zastrzyku kontrolnym, pozbawionym leku: DARI 8%, p<0,001; SSRI 6%, p<0,001; NERI 8%, p<0,001; eCBRI 4%, p=0,03). Wyniki sugerują, że zarówno sygnalizacja monoaminergiczna jak i endokannabinoidowa bierze udział w kontroli motywacji do podejmowania wysiłku fizycznego, Brak różnicy w odpowiedzi na zastrzyk z DARI, SSRI i eCBRI pomiędzy nonicami z linii A i C sugeruje, że dopamina, serotoninia i endonkannabinoidy nie miały udziału w ewolucji zwiększonej wydolności tlenowej w przedstawionym modelu zwierzęcym. Jednak proporcjondna odpowiedź na lek (stosunek VO2swim uzyskany po zastrzyku zawierającym lek do VO2swim po zastrzyku kontrolnym) różniła się między liniami A i C dla NERI (o 8% silniejszy efekt w liniach C w stosunku do linii A: p = 0,008), Wynik sugeruje, że nora&endina miała udział w ewolucji zwiększonej wydolności tlenowej w przedstawionym modelu zwierzęcym. Ponieważ eksperyment eweolucyjny nadal trwa, wyniki kolejnych badań (np. badanie zawartości neurotransmiterów w tkance mózgowej) mogą pomóc w znalezieniu odpowiedzi na pytanie który mechanizm neurobiologiczny bierze udział w zmienionej motywacji do aktywności nornic z linii A.The level of physical activity achieved in a given situation depends on both physiological abilities (e.g. muscle strength) and behavioral characteristics (e.g. motivation), The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that evolution of increased aerobic exercise performance can be facilitated by evolution of motivation to undertake physical activity mediated by monoaminergic (dopaminergic, noradrenergic, serotoninergic) or endocannabinoid signaling, The study was based on a unique model: four lines of bank voles (Myodes glareolus) selected for high swim-induced aerobic metabolism ("aerobic" A lines) and four lines of unselected voles ("control" C lines), In generation 19, voles from the A lines achieved 61% higher aerobic metabolism during swimming (VO2swim) than voles from C lines, Because the voles could vigorously swim or just float on the water surface, the level of VO2swim depended both on aerobic capacity and motivation to undertake intensive activity, C-lines voles achieved higher level of metabolism during an exercise that depends mainly on aerobic capacity (forced running, VO2run) than during swimming (mass-adjusted LSM±SE [mlO2/min]; run: 4.73±0.13, swim: 4.31±0.13; p=0,008), while A-lines voles achieved similar VO2run and VO2swim (^m: 6.09±0.13, swim: 6.31±0.13, p=0,13), Thus, the selection changed both aerobic capacity and neuronal mechanisms behind motivation to undertake activity, In a set of pharmacological manipulation experiments the influence of a nonselective reuptake inhibitor (RI) of dopamine/noradrenaline (DARI/NERI, bupropion), selective RIs of dopamine (DARI, vanoxerine), serotonin (SSRI, fluoxetine), noradrenaline (NERI, reboxetine) and endocannabinoids (eCBRI, AM404), and an endocannabinoid receptor CB1 antagonist (CB1Anta, rimonabant) on VO2 swim was investigated, DARI/NERI and CB1Anta had no significant effect on the measured traits, DARI, SSRI, NERI and eCBRI decreased VO2 swim in voles from A and C lines (% decrease compared with saline: DARI 8%, p<0,001; SSRI 6%, p<0,001; NERI 8%, p<0,001; eCBRI 4%, p=0,03), The results suggest that all the three monoamines and endocannabinoids are involved in signaling pathways controlling the motivation to be active, Because there was no significant difference in the response to DARI, SSRI and eCBRI between voles from A and C lines, the results did not support the hypothesis that an alternation of dopaminergic, serotoninergic or endocannabinoid signaling pathway have played a role in the evolution of increased aerobic exercise performance in the experimental evolution model, However, the proportional response (the ratio of a VO2swim achieved after drug to that after vehicle) differed between selection directions in case of NERI (8% stronger effect in C lines when compared to A lines: p=0,008), Thus, noradrenaline could have played a role in the evolution of increased aerobic exercise performance in the animal model, As the selection experiment is continued, further studies (for example analyses of neurotransmitters content in brain tissue) can answer the question which neurobiological mechanism underlies the evolutionary changes in motivation to be active.
41
Vogalová, Naděžda. "Podpora využívání experimentálního systému Vernier na českých školách." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-313751.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this thesis is to summarize already published tutorials for experiments with the Vernier lab system and to write new tutorials respecting requirements and specifics of the Czech educational system. Six new detailed tutorials were prepared. All of them were, or would be, published on the Internet web site of The Framework Education Programmes (www.rvp.cz). Following tutorials were written: Bulb flickering, Warm-up of a compact fluorescent lamp, Relation between illumination and distance of the light source, Relation between illumination and number of filters, Why is salt used in the winter on the roads, Photochromic glasses. Each experiment is accompanied by a classification with respect to The Framework Education Programmes and by requirements for The State High School Leaving Exam (``maturita'').
42
Wisura, Marek. "Kompenzační program u hráčů národní házené." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-335877.
Full textAbstract:
Title: Compensation programme for players national handball team In my thesis I am researching the muscle imbalance of athletes focused especially on playing national handball. My aim is to determine what the muscle imbalances are in the junior team and then creation of a compensating program which should help to remove or decrease the muscle imbalance. Once I have the compensating program created I will apply it to practice. The compensating program was based on analysis of the most active muscles in the body of National handball player. This thesis should be used as a part of a complex training for National handball players and should have a positive impact on the asymmetric load and also prevent development of the muscle imbalance. My thesis is based on a research which was done in the gym of ZŠ and MŠ in Nýřany. Keywords: national handball, testing, compensating program, muscle imbalance, stretching exercise, strengthening exercises
43
Jenčová, Kristýna. "Rozvoj odrazových schopností dětí mladšího školního věku." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-336225.
Full textAbstract:
1 Abstrakt v angličtině The target of my work is to prove the functionality of the composed programme developing the take-off skills in children of early school age. The work comprises of 24 instruction sheets of work out, which may be used in lessons of physical education. This instruction set compiles of initial warm up, dynamic stretching, muscle and strength building, and finally practise. All work out phases are adjusted to children of early school age. The work out was piloted by the experimental group of 5th graders of one Prague elementary school. The data was collected twice a week for the period of three months. The indicator of the successful performance was the results of motor skill test of long jump with both legs. All the data has been collected by gathering and meassuring of childrens' weight, height, and performance. Each tested child performed the long jump three times and the best performance was selected. For the period of three months the experimental group of children was following the designed work out in order to improve their take-off skills. Contrary, the children in the second peer group followed the regular instruction of their form teacher. In three months time the children from the experimental group as well as the children from the second group were tested again. The results...
44
Veberová, Marta. "Časná mobilizace kriticky nemocných." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-434709.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: The most of critical ill patients is immobilised for short or longer period of time. This depends on the character of their illness, medication or another organ support. As it has been proved during critical illness and forced immobilisation there is an significant reducing in muscle strength, exactly in 3 to 11 percent with every another day of immobilisation (46.) It is necessary to say that early mobilisation is not standardised approach in Czech medical environment. Aim of tthe work: The main target of this diploma is to figure out whether early mobilisation in critical ill patients means any significant difference in their functional status in comparison to those given standardised physiotherapy. Another target of this research is to set up safe and structured protocol for leading early mobilisation and to determine whether exercising with cyclo ergometer is linked to higher risk of side effects and to state the most probable reasons for delayed or not performed rehabilitation. Research methods: This diploma thesis is based on randomised research. Participants in the control group are undergoing standardised rehabilitation, intervention group is undergoing extended rehabilitation with cycle ergometer. The cyclo ergometer exercise will take place at least six times a week with...
45
Šilar, Martin. "Vliv aktivního a paasivního zotavení na opakovaný krátkodobý motorický výkon." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-348645.
Full textAbstract:
Title: The ifluence of active and passive recovery for repetitive short-term motorised exercise Objectives: To explore and discover the influence of active and passive recovery for repetitive short-term motorised exercise. Methods: Research of the professional publications used during the process. Target group sample consists of female footballers of FK Dukla Praha, who actively play the chosen sport - football. The entire sample were divided into two groups containing 5 members. Each group completed 2 tests with a different type of recovery and a 48 hour break. The results were measured with a photocell and then evaluated and utilised. Results: We discovered that during repetitive short-term motorised exercise passive recovery is better than active recovery. For passive recovery, the overall average of the measured values of 10.6 and active recovery, it was 10.67. Keywords: active recovery, passive recovery, motorised excercise, agilities of performance
46
Kolářová, Kateřina. "Pohybový režim aktivních seniorů." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-335841.
Full textAbstract:
Title: Excercise regimen in active seniors Aim: This thesis sets out to find out wheher the active elderly people follow guidance of general recommnedations for the excercise regimen designed for them. I'm trying to find out whether the frequency of excercise changes through positive biosocial variables. Secondary goals of the research are monitoring the activity preferences and the level of health condition of the elderly. The last secondary goal of the research is measuring the condition of their muscular apparatus with the help of a hand grip (hand squeezing test), that reflects to a great degree the physical ability of a person. Methods: In this thesis specialist publications were researched, content analysis of a survey was perfomed and a comparison of found results has been carried out. Results: The results for fulfilling the recommended excercise regimen by the active elderly population have been confirmed. The effect of some positive biosocial variables has been confirmed, albeit not all of them. We found out what excercise activities are preferred by our elderly and the test for their muscular strenght was performed to find that the elderly people, visiting fitness centers regularly are stronger than the rest of elderly population. Keywords: age, elderly, seniority, excercise activity,...
47
Wilczyński, Karol. "Pojęcie filozofii w dziełach wczesnych myślicieli arabskich." Praca doktorska, 2019. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/74853.
Full text
48
Sebechlebská, Ladislava. "Romská lidová píseň a možnosti jejího využití v hodinách hudební výchovy." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372552.
Full textAbstract:
5 ABSTRACT Romani folk song is not generally known among Czech population, which is a reason why this thesis in its theoretical part tries to familiarize with its origin, describe historical development of Romani music and divide songs according to functions and close geographical areas of its occurrence, so that a comprehensive picture can be created for the readers. The following part brings analysis of five Romani dance songs, which are described musically, textually and semantically. This section is based on various songbooks and audio recordings to create as authentic a version of a song as possible. The songs are enriched of sheet music together with lyrics and harmonisation for better possibilities of their application. The thesis continues with a suggestion of eventual means of application of Romani folk songs in vocal, musical and physical education. Moreover, there are described analysed songs with Romani scatting suggestions, typical features of expression, dance steps and rhythmical moves, which are typically observed in Romani culture. The dance steps are added in a form of textual description as well as short video recordings to become easily comprehensible. The main aim of the work is to point out the vibrant and energetic character of Romani songs, to unite Roma with majority population and...
49
Jiráčková, Jana. "Změny v pohybovém aparátu vlivem úrazu s trvalými následky." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-365106.
Full textAbstract:
Title: Changes in the locomotor apparatus due to an injury with permanent consequences Objectives: The aime of the diploma thesis is to define changes in motor system of chosen persons after injury using classic methods often used in physiotherapy. In addition, it presents some of the options of therapy and self-therapy, education and reeducation in the area of the client's behavior towards his health. Methods: This diploma thesis is formed with use of qualitative research. It is a pilot study focused on five persons with permanent consequences in motor system. The content of examination is an anamnesis, an ori- entational static examination, an examination of shortened muscles, en examination of muscle strenght, an evaluation of posture and body distances. All above were meassured every 3 - 4 months, when the changes in body posture due to premanent consequences are ob- served. Results: All data are processed using tables and graphs. Results has shown an improvement in all clients in different degree. Improvement in postu- re and activation of coremuscles. Excercises also improved stere- otype in breathing. Study has also shown importance of clienťs active cooperation to achieve the best results. Keywords: Locomotor apparatus, injury, permanent consequences, physical activities, hypoactivity, type...
50
Plachá, Tereza. "Vliv statického a dynamického strečinku na koordinaci a flexibilitu u dětí 1. stupně ZŠ." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-397209.
Full textAbstract:
TITLE: The impact of static and dynamic stretching on coordination and flexibility in children in primary school AUTHOR: Tereza Plachá DEPARTMENT: Katedra tělesné výchovy SUPERVISOR: Mgr. Lucie Kainová ABSTRACT: In my final thesis I want to deal with two types of warm-up - static stretching and dynamic stretching. Warming up is an important part not only of the sport performance, but also at the beginning of the physical education lesson. In schools, this phase is often neglected. With the help of selected tests, I will observe primary school pupils at primary school to get better results after static or dynamic stretching. I will watch them in coordination and flexibility. I compiled two types of stretching, which I will try in grades 1, 3 and 5. In the first lesson, I will do static stretching with the pupils after the proper warm-up. In the second lesson, I will include dynamic stretching along the busy part. In the main part of the lesson, the pupils then pass three tests for coordination - flamingo, crossing the bench and running with the roll; and three for flexibility - standing forward bend, shoulder joint range, and hip joint range. After dynamic stretching, the children are warmed up, reaching the necessary temperature for further activities. They have a greater range of motion and therefore...