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Journal articles on the topic 'Excavations (Archaeology)'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Genç, Bülent. "ARCHAEOLOGY OF DESTRUCTION: TOPRAKKALE." Iraq 80 (September 18, 2018): 113–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/irq.2018.13.

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Toprakkale is the site that constitutes the starting point for the archaeology of Urartu, but the history of the largely destructive early excavations of the site is shrouded in darkness. The presence of items on the antiquities market said to come from the Van region attracted the interest of Austen Henry Layard, which led to brief excavations at the site of Toprakkale by the British Museum under Hormuzd Rassam in 1877, followed by further also brief investigations by K. Kamsarakan as well as continued illegal excavations. It is commonly held that Carl Friedrich Lehmann-Haupt and Waldemar Belck excavated here between 1898–1899, but research performed in the Ottoman Archives of the Prime Minister's Office reveals their claim to have excavated there to be fraudulent and empty. This article uses primary source material from Ottoman archives to investigate the excavation history of one of the most iconic sites for the beginnings of Urartian Studies, and compels us to re-evaluate what we think we know about Toprakkale and the provenance of the objects associated with it.

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Moloney, Colm, and John A. Lawson. "Excavations at Maybury Park, Edinburgh (1990–2)." Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports, no. 23 (2006): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/issn.2056-7421.2006.23.1-39.

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This paper presents the results of a series of excavations carried out by the City of Edinburgh Council Archaeology Service between 1990 and 1992 in advance of the Edinburgh Park development (NGR: NT 178 720). Following a programme of test excavations, seven areas were opened up for excavation. Three of these contained significant archaeology dating to the Neolithic, Bronze and Iron Ages. The main findings included a Neolithic trackway, evidence for Bronze Age settlement and a large stone-built structure dating to the beginning of the 1st millennium AD.

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Moundrea-Agrafioti, Antikleia. "The "global" and the "local" in the Aegean Bronze Age: The case of Akrotiri, Thera." Ekistics and The New Habitat 73, no. 436-441 (December 1, 2006): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200673436-441102.

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The author is Assistant Professor of Prehistoric Archaeology, Department of History Archaeology and Social Anthropology , University of Thessaly, Greece. After undergraduate studies in History and Archaeology at the University of Athens she obtained her Masters as well as her Ph. D degree in Prehistoric Archaeology at the University of Paris X, Nanterre in 1981. Her research interests focus on Aegean prehistory, spanning the Palaeolithic to Late Bronze Age, the prehistoric stone and bone technology, the obsidian characterization studies and the material culture issues, the interaction between technology and prehistoric communities and aspects involved in the contextual analysis. Her current fieldwork interests concern survey and excavation involving new technologies. Since 2005 she is the Director of the Zerelia Excavations Program, of the University of Thessaly. She has a long affiliation with The Akrotiri Thera Excavations since 1983. On the site she is involved in the excavation, study and publication of stone tools industries, and the database and GIS applications. Dr Moundrea Agrafioti is a member of the World Society for Ekistics.

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Yoltar-Yildirim, Ayşin. "Raqqa: The Forgotten Excavation of an Islamic Site in Syria by the Ottoman Imperial Museum in the Early Twentieth Century." Muqarnas Online 30, no. 1 (January 31, 2014): 73–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22118993-0301p0005.

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Raqqa, in Syria, was the only Islamic site excavated by the Ottoman Imperial Museum during its existence in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Although the Imperial Museum may not have been searching specifically for an Islamic site of the medieval period to excavate, its response to the plundering of Raqqa, which began as early as 1899, was to pursue an archaeological excavation in a systematic manner. Two campaigns were conducted, under the directorships of Macridy and Haydar Bey, in 1905–6 and 1908 respectively. Although not lasting more than a couple of months, they were relatively important from the perspective of the Imperial Museum and Islamic archaeology at that time. This article focuses on the history of these Raqqa excavations, namely, the reasons the Imperial Museum began excavating there, how it conducted its excavations, and, finally, the finds and the way they were displayed at the Museum. Existing archival documents on the excavation, along with the earliest inventories of the finds in the Imperial Museum and the personal letters of Macridy, all hitherto unpublished, are analyzed in order to shed light on these long forgotten excavations.

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Hodges, Richard. "Rewriting the Rural History of Early Medieval Italy: Twenty-five Years of Medieval Archaeology Reviewed." Rural History 1, no. 1 (April 1990): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793300003186.

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The archaeology of rural settlements is a comparatively new branch of history. Its genealogy is easy to trace. Spurred on by the growth of economic and social history in the inter-war years, Dutch archaeologists, like A.E. van Giffin, and younger Danish archaeologists, such as Gunther Hatt and Axel Steensburg, undertook large open-area excavations of North Sea Migration period settlements. Van Giffin's excavation of the terp at Ezinge during the ‘thirties is a typical example. Using open-area excavation, a controlled form of the clearance excavation being employed on the large classical sites in Mussolini's Italy, it became feasible to examine the Migration-period architecture (as an architectural historian might) and the evolution of the settlement (as a classical topographer might do it). Neither would have been possible if a site such as Ezinge had been trenched. As far as we can tell today, van Giffin et al. did not intend to rewrite history, so much as to use archaeology to confirm prevailing ethnically-oriented theses about Migration period peoples. In some ways this was also the case when W.G. Hoskins and Maurice Beresford began to undertake small excavations of deserted medieval villages in England in 1947. Both hoped that small excavation trenches might help them to date the desertion of some of these settlements. In practice, of course, what they discovered in the course of nineteen excavations merely proved to be confusing (cf. Hurst, 1971: 83). Hoskins turned to other matters, but Beresford pursued the possibilities of archaeology at Wharram Percy, a fine example of a so-called deserted medieval village.

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6

Wallace, Colin Allan Bruce. "Retrospective Photogrammetry in Greek Archaeology." Studies in Digital Heritage 1, no. 2 (December 14, 2017): 607–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/sdh.v1i2.23251.

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This paper addresses the advantages as well as the obstacles in practicing photogrammetry based on archival photos of archaeological sites and examines how the results can be put to use for further research, preservation, restoration and monitoring rates of deterioration. While the extensive use of historic aerial photographs has been applied to photogrammetric modeling, archaeological excavation archives have been largely ignored. Historically archaeological excavations have been vigorously documented photographically and many of these photographs are available in archives. Not all photo archives are suitable for photogrammetry as they were not photographed with the intention of overlap and other photogrammetric qualities. By selectively choosing photographs with common points and manipulating exposures, cropping and other properties to enhance commonality, 3D models of past structures and excavations can allow us to revisit them, produce accurate measurements and view angles that were never photographed. Some sites are still available for modern comparison and surveying, allowing us to quantitatively compare conditions at the time of excavation with the current state of those sites. Given the right treatment, retrospective photogrammetry will have impacts in the preservation, restoration and monitoring of the deterioration of archaeological sites. Examples from the Athenian Agora: the state prison and Omega House, and Ancient Corinth: the Fountain of the Lamps, will be used to demonstrate these possibilities.

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7

Onderka, Pavel, Vlastimil Vrtal, Gabriela Jungová, and Jiří Honzl. "Preliminary Report on the Eighteenth Excavation Season of the Archaeological Expedition to Wad Ben Naga." Annals of the Náprstek Museum 42, no. 1 (2021): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/anpm.2021.004.

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The eighteenth excavation season of the Archaeological Expedition to Wad Ben Naga focused on the continued excavations of the so-called Isis Temple (WBN 300; more specifically on the frontal part of the proper temple), the continued excavations of structure WBN 250, and the continued excavations of cemetery WBN C260.

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8

Sargent, Andrew. "The changing pattern of archaeological excavation in England; as reflected by the Excavation Index." Antiquity 67, no. 255 (June 1993): 381–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00045452.

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The Excavation Index, a national index of excavations compiled by the Royal Commission, makes it possible to generate some statistics on the changing pattern of English archaeology, as reflected in the number and periods of sites dug.

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9

Leone, Mark P., Douglas V. Armstrong, Yvonne Marshall, and Adam T. Smith. "The Archaeology of Liberty in an American Captial: Excavations in Annapolis." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 18, no. 1 (February 2008): 101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774308000115.

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Over the last two decades, there has been increasing attention to community archaeology, an archaeology which acknowledges the impact of archaeological research upon the communities among which it is conducted. Doing fieldwork has tangible effects upon the people we work among: archaeologists provide employment, spend money locally, negotiate local power structures, provide exotic connections, and, not least, change the landscape of knowledge by helping local people understand more or different things about their ancestors and about their own historical identity. While this is true worldwide, within American Historical Archaeology this strand of research has converged with a tradition of sophisticated materialist analysis highlighting not only class domination but also resistance and the persistence of alternative practices, ideologies and identities. A key element of this archaeology is public participation in the process of revealing a past of domination, struggle and resistance. The result is an archaeology which aspires not only to revise traditionally endorsed accounts of American history, but also to be an activist archaeology.Mark Leone began this line of activist, participatory historical archaeology many years ago in Annapolis, and many of the scholars currently contributing to this body of work have been trained or inspired by this project. In The Archaeology of Liberty in an American Capital, Leone summarizes twenty-five years of research at Annapolis.The Archaeology of Liberty in an American Capital: Excavations in Annapolis has received the Society for Historical Archaeology's James Deetz Book Award for 2008.

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Onderka, Pavel, and Vlastimil Vrtal. "Preliminary Report on the Eleventh Excavation Season of the Archaeological Expedition to Wad Ben Naga." Annals of the Náprstek Museum 37, no. 2 (2016): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/anpm-2017-0015.

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The eleventh excavation season of the Archaeological Expedition to Wad Ben Naga focused on the rescue excavations around the rail track intersecting the western part of the archaeological site, excavations around the so-called Circular Building (WBN 50), conservation of the Palace of Queen Amanishakheto (WBN 100) and other minor projects.

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Whittaker, William E., and Joseph A. Tiffany. "A Mississippian Hooded Bottle and the Genesis of Iowa Archaeology." Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology 46, no. 3 (October 1, 2021): 195–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/23274271.46.3.01.

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Abstract A Mississippian hooded bottle from the Henry Aicher Mound Group in eastern Iowa is significant to the study of Mississippian interactions with non-Mississippian groups in the upper Mississippi Valley. The mound excavations by M. W. Davis in 1863–1864 were the first research-oriented archaeological projects in Iowa, and the mounds were among the first mapped in the state. The excavation methods, analysis, reporting, and outreach by Davis and later researchers were exemplary for their time. Although undated, comparison of the decorated hooded bottle recovered from the 1864 excavations with artifacts from other regional cultures with Mississippian Stirling phase contacts, notably the Mill Creek culture of northwest Iowa, supports a date of AD 1100–1200 for this vessel associated with a child burial.

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12

Williams, George. "Recent Work on Rural Settlement in Later Prehistoric and Early Historic Dyfed." Antiquaries Journal 68, no. 1 (March 1988): 30–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581500022472.

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The archaeology of Dyfed in the first millennia B.C. and A.D. is largely that of defended enclosures. The distribution of these is described. This suggests the existence of three zones of defended enclosures, reflecting differences in environment and socio-economic systems, particularly differences in the relative productivity of different areas. The results of recent excavations are described and discussed in terms of chronology, economy, function and status. The excavations at Llawhaden—which have included the total excavation of three small enclosures—provide a key sequence, covering the whole period in question, with which other excavations can be compared. Throughout much of the period differences in the development of settlements can be related to the environmental and socio-economic differences between zones. In terms of function and status, it can be suggested that the majority of totally excavated defended enclosures were high status sites.

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13

Michels, Joseph W. "Excavations at Aksum." African Archaeological Review 8, no. 1 (1990): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01116875.

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Åstveit, Leif-Inge. "Formidling fra felt i den digitale tidsalder." Primitive Tider, no. 22 (December 15, 2020): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/pt.8396.

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Most archaeologists agree that public outreach is an important part of archaeological practice. Communication of fresh results from excavations and new research creates both legitimacy and greater understanding of our activities. In Norway, large scale archaeological excavations are often funded by the public sector, and public outreach is considered an important way of giving something back to society. Still, reaching out to the public is often downgraded during stressful fieldwork and considered as something you do when (or if) you have some spare time. This is unfortunate, because fieldwork is what most people associate with archaeology and has a huge potential when it comes to public outreach. In 2017-2019 the University of Bergen carried out a large excavation project, Sotrasambandet. While excavating 12 sites, we wanted to reach the public as well, to present fresh findings, introduce them to our methods, tell stories from the excavation and of course of what Stone Age life in Western Norway could have been like. In total, we produced 56 films and several different texts, and used social media as well as “open day” (evt. public day?), talks and small exhibitions to reach people. The films got great feedback, and were appreciated by schoolchildren, politicians and journalists alike.

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15

Rudling, David, B. Cunliffe, A. Down, and D. Rudkin. "Chichester Excavations IX, Excavations at Fishbourne 1969-1988." Britannia 30 (1999): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/526700.

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16

Gestrich, Nikolas, and Kevin C. MacDonald. "On the Margins of Ghana and Kawkaw: Four Seasons of Excavation at Tongo Maaré Diabal (AD 500-1150), Mali." Journal of African Archaeology 16, no. 1 (August 1, 2018): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21915784-20180001.

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AbstractThis article summarises the results of four seasons of excavation at Tongo Maaré Diabal (AD500-1150), near Douentza, Mali. Deep stratigraphic excavations were directed by MacDonald and Togola in 1993, 1995 and by MacDonald in 1996. Complementary, large exposure excavations of the abandonment layer were undertaken by Gestrich in 2010. The combined excavation results speak to topics of craft specialisation, trade, and social organisation. They provide evidence of a specialised blacksmithing community situated at the margins of early Middle Niger and Niger Bend statehood and urbanisation.

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McGowan, Angela. "Historical archaeology at Cape Denison, Commonwealth Bay, Antarctica." Polar Record 24, no. 149 (April 1988): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003224740000872x.

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AbstractArchaeological investigations formed part of the conservation work of Project Blizzard in 1985–86 at the site of Mawson's Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1911–14) huts, Cape Denison, Commonwealth Bay. The extent and nature of the archaeological resources are described, and the results of excavations inside the main hut in 1985 are summarized. Excavation stratigraphy is interpreted in the light of the documented post-abandonment history of the site, and used to measure the extent to which human activity inside the hut may be contributing to its deterioration.

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18

Henninger, Maureen. "From mud to the museum: Metadata challenges in archaeology." Journal of Information Science 44, no. 5 (November 17, 2017): 658–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165551517741790.

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An archaeological site is a palimpsest in which the evidence of the depositional episodes is destroyed through the excavation processes; all that remains are the artefacts and their documentary evidence manifested in registers, datasets, dig diaries and reports. While the reports may represent the end product of a specific excavation, the archaeological record tells a story; it is interpretative and dynamic, with later excavations adding new knowledge and narratives. Museums preserve the artefacts but unless the documentary evidence is preserved in standard formats, it cannot be easily re-used by the archaeology community to create that knowledge; nor can museums provide the narratives for the general public whose cultural heritage it is. This article presents a case study from the Ness of Brodgar excavations that examines possibilities for reconciling one part of the data of an archaeological dig, the small finds register (SFR) and its sparse amount of descriptive metadata, with the potentiality of data re-use and with the requirements of a museum that may have custody of the artefacts. It maps and enriches messy domain-specific ontologies to standard archaeological and cultural heritage ontologies and taxonomies using simple natural language processing, linked open data and the museum CIDOC conceptual reference model (CRM). This research, in examining the application of ontology mapping tools, explores common practices and processes that are useful in any discipline within the cultural heritage domain.

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Mathieson, Ian J., and Ana Tavares. "Preliminary Report of the National Museums of Scotland Saqqara Survey Project, 1990–91." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 79, no. 1 (October 1993): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030751339307900104.

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The National Museums of Scotland Survey aims to produce an up-to-date archaeological and sub-surface geophysical map of the area known as the Abusir West-Saqqara Wadi. The work combines remote sensing investigation, field inspection and archival research into previous excavations and surveys with selected excavation exposures of targeted anomalies.

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Blumberg, Angie. "Victorian literature and archaeology: Contemporary excavations." Literature Compass 15, no. 4 (February 6, 2018): e12444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lic3.12444.

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Salman Fahad, Sa’ad, and Raghad Abdul-Qadir Abbas. "Cuneiform Tablets from Shmet from the Excavation Season of 2001." Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie 110, no. 1 (June 25, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/za-2020-0001.

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AbstractIn 2001–2002, the Iraqi State Board of Antiquities and Heritage undertook excavations at the site of Shmet in the Umma region, thereby uncovering a large residential quarter. This article presents the first six cuneiform tablets from the first excavation season at the site, dating to the Presargonic and Ur III periods. The god names mentioned support the identification of Shmet with the ancient city of Ki.anki.

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22

Kolen, Jan. "A new empiricism. Excavating at the start of the 21st century." Archaeological Dialogues 18, no. 1 (April 21, 2011): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203811000080.

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AbstractThis paper investigates the rationale for excavation against the background of a new trend in archaeology: the renewed interest in the values of experience and empiricism in both archaeological practice and interpretation. It is argued that we should seriously reconsider the principles of archaeological heritage management as it has developed from the 1970s onwards. Reasons for excavating are discussed by referring to three examples: (1) the reconstruction of cultural evolution in the time period roughly between 40,000 and 30,000 B.P., when anatomically modern humans entered Europe but Neanderthals were still there; (2) recent excavations in 20th-century terrorscapes; and (3) public activities, like geocaching, that evoke a kind of ‘archaeological experience’. It is concluded that the time is ripe for a broad empirical and experiential attitude, based on new intellectual orientations like the new empiricism, to return to the archaeological agenda. Excavation may fulfil a vital role in this project.

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Rosenswig, Robert M., and Douglas J. Kennett. "Reassessing San Estevan's Role in the Late Formative Political Geography of Northern Belize." Latin American Antiquity 19, no. 2 (June 2008): 123–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1045663500007756.

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We reassess San Estevan's role within the Late Formative period political geography of northern Belize. This medium-sized site has been interpreted as a subsidiary center to Nohmul that ruled the area along with Cerros, Lamanai, and Colha (Scarborough 1991). It has also been suggested that scores of autonomous polities existed in the region at this time (McAnany 1995). We examine these contrasting models in light of our recent excavations in the central precinct of San Estevan. These excavations reveal a stratigraphic sequence of Middle through Late Formative period deposits. Excavations document that the central part of the site was plastered over after 50 cal. B.C.—at roughly the same time as monumental construction projects were also started at Cerros, Nohmul, and Lamanai. San Estevan's central Mound XV was built on these plaster surfaces during the Late Formative period as was the adjacent ballcourt. Based on our new excavation data we suggest that San Estevan was an independent polity during the Late Formative period. Further, we propose that San Estevan competed, and engaged in warfare, with other medium and large regional centers and was one of ~12 independent polities forming a political patchwork across northern Belize.

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Waelkens, Marc, Ali Harmankaya, and W. Viaene. "The Excavations at Sagalassos 1990." Anatolian Studies 41 (December 1991): 197–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3642940.

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After five years of survey and the rescue excavation in 1989, large scale excavations started at Sagalassos from July 11th until August 22nd 1990. The work was directed by Professor Marc Waelkens (Dept. of Archaeology, Catholic University of Leuven) and by the Archaeological Museum of Burdur, represented by Ali Harmankaya, temporary director of the museum, who also represented the Turkish Antiquities Department. During the excavation the Council of Ministers granted a full scale excavation permit to Marc Waelkens. The team included 18 scientists and students from the Catholic University of Leuven, three from Britain and four from Turkey. Financial support came from the Research Council of the Catholic University of Leuven, from the Belgian Fund for Collective Fundamental Research, the Flemish Ministry of Education, the Ministry of the Flemish Community (Foreign Relations), the ASLK/CGER Bank, the Belgian tour operator ORION, and from the association “Friends of Sagalassos”. Thanks are due to the Anıtlar ve Müzeler Genel Müdürlüǧü and the Bakanlar Kurulu, who gave permission for the excavation, to the staff of the Emniyet Müdürlüǧü and the Archaeological Museum in Burdur, and to the Belediye officials and the inhabitants of Aǧlasun.

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VAN BEEK, R., and J. BEELEN. "Excavations in Klazomenai." BABESCH - Bulletin Antieke Beschaving 63 (January 1, 1988): 138–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/bab.63.0.2012571.

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Leighton, Mary. "Excavation methodologies and labour as epistemic concerns in the practice of archaeology. Comparing examples from British and Andean archaeology." Archaeological Dialogues 22, no. 1 (May 15, 2015): 65–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203815000100.

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AbstractArchaeologists’ excavation practices vary significantly from country to country and site to site. But variation in the most fundamental, ‘common-sense’ excavation practices is ‘black-boxed’ - it is not discussed outside casual, informal contexts, and is treated as having no effect on higher-level interpretation. These practices can, however, be a source of conflict when archaeologists from different communities of practice work together. In this paper, I explore what variation in excavation methodology reveals about the nature of archaeological knowledge itself. By comparing methodologies and the organization of labour on British and Andean excavations, I argue that archaeologists in different communities of practice have divergent understandings of what the object of archaeological investigation is, and of how it can be known, and by whom. This results in contrasting understandings of the nature of material/archaeological objects, as well as contrasting conceptualizations of excavation as an ‘expert’ practice – one requiring skills, knowledge and bodily practices that are specific to trained archaeologists. Situating these concerns in historical and ethnographic context, this paper suggests that archaeological excavation is, in fact, a far more complex, nuanced and variable practice than the lack of attention paid to it implies.

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Kennedy, Titus. "The Bronze Age Destruction of Jericho, Archaeology, and the Book of Joshua." Religions 14, no. 6 (June 15, 2023): 796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14060796.

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The ancient city of Jericho, located at the archaeological site of Tell es-Sultan west of the Jordan River and adjacent to the Ein es-Sultan spring on the edge of modern Jericho, has often been associated with the biblical city of Jericho and the story found in the book of Joshua. The identification of Jericho with Tell es-Sultan is not disputed, and numerous excavation teams have affirmed Tell es-Sultan as Jericho. While excavations have also uncovered the fiery destruction of a walled city at Jericho, the date of the fall of Bronze Age Jericho and the association of this destruction with the narrative in the book of Joshua have been a point of disagreement among archaeologists for more than a century. The first excavations at Jericho (Tell es-Sultan) occurred in 1868 under the direction of Charles Warren, followed by soundings conducted by FJ Bliss in 1894, the expeditions of the years 1907–1909 and 1911 by Ernst Sellin and Carl Watzinger, the excavations of 1930–1936 directed by John Garstang, the 1952–1958 project of Kathleen Kenyon, brief excavations by Shimon Riklin in 1992, and the most recent excavations and restorations by the joint Italian–Palestinian team from 1997 to 2000 under Nicolo Marchetti and Lorenzo Nigro, followed by the 2009–2017 seasons directed by Jehad Yasin, Hamdan Taha, and Lorenzo Nigro. Although there is a significant deviation in views over the exact date of the destruction and abandonment, archaeological analyses of Jericho generally agree on the manner in which the city met its end, including a widespread fire, collapsed mudbrick walls, burning of the stored grain, and abandonment. However, assessing all of the archaeological data from Jericho IVc, both new and old, including pottery wares, Egyptian scarabs, a cuneiform tablet, stratigraphic analysis, and radiocarbon samples, allows a more definitive historical reconstruction concerning the chronology of the destruction of Jericho and its connections to the biblical narratives.

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Pedley, John Griffiths, and Jan Sevink. "Excavations at Paestum 1984." American Journal of Archaeology 89, no. 1 (January 1985): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/504770.

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Wilmott, Tony, and Philip Smither. "The Plan of the Saxon Shore Fort at Richborough." Britannia 51 (July 2, 2020): 147–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068113x20000379.

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AbstractRecent excavation and coring of the collapsed east wall of the Saxon Shore fort of Richborough has revealed the manner in which the wall collapsed. This led to a re-evaluation of the original siting of the wall, which must have lain to the west of where it is usually depicted. Reassessment of previous excavations, including the examination of original records from the J.P. Bushe-Fox excavations of the 1920s and 1930s leads to the conclusion that the so-called ‘unfinished’ or ‘abandoned’ east wall foundation was in fact the base of the built east wall, from which the collapse derives. A revised fort plan based upon this conclusion is suggested. Supplementary material is available online (https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X20000379), and includes additional backing tables and illustrations referenced in the text.

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Rudling, David, and A. Down. "Chichester Excavations VI." Britannia 22 (1991): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/526654.

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Hernandez, David Ray. "Wet-Site Excavation and Field Methodology at Butrint, Albania: The Roman Forum Excavations Project." Journal of Field Archaeology 42, no. 4 (July 4, 2017): 312–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2017.1338511.

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Ghisleni, Mariaelena, Emanuele Vaccaro, Kim Bowes, Antonia Arnoldus, Michael MacKinnon, and Flavia Marani. "EXCAVATING THE ROMAN PEASANT I: EXCAVATIONS AT PIEVINA (GR)." Papers of the British School at Rome 79 (October 31, 2011): 95–145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068246211000067.

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Begun in 2009, the Roman Peasant Project was designed to excavate the smallest sites found in field survey and to analyse the diet, economies, land use and landscapes of the Roman peasant. The Project's excavations at the site of Pievina are presented here, and suggest a more complex image of Roman peasant life in the late Republic and late antiquity than current assumptions would anticipate, including surplus production, a high degree of monetization and ties to urban markets.

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Mjærum, Alex. "Nye åkre og gamle funn Metodiske betraktninger om undersundersøøkelser av skelser av søørrøøstnorske steinalderbostnorske steinalderbo--plasser i dyrket mark." Primitive Tider, no. 14 (December 11, 2021): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/pt.7235.

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Old finds in new plough soils – Excavations of infield Stone Age sites in Southeastern Norway. This paper discusses the results of field archaeology in southeast Norway in the last ten years and concludes that infield Stone Age sites are rarely excavated in this region. Although the reasons are complex, this can partly be explained by the emphasis given to other types of sites and subjects, and is also related to the lack of a disciplinary tradition of survey and excavation of plough zone sites.The article also examines the value of infield Stone Age sites and presents and evaluates some of the methods used in recent excavations of plough soil settlements. Although some of these sites can provide new information about settlement patterns and the Stone Age economy, there are also sites that are of less interest. An important conclusion is that more focus should be given to the more productive sites both by applying new methods of survey and by excavations.

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Barker, Graeme, Laura Basell, Ian Brooks, Lucilla Burn, Caroline Cartwright, Franca Cole, John Davison, et al. "The Cyrenaican Prehistory Project 2008: the second season of investigations of the Haua Fteah cave and its landscape, and further results from the initial (2007) fieldwork." Libyan Studies 39 (February 2000): 175–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263718900010074.

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AbstractThe second (2008) season of fieldwork of the Cyrenaican Prehistory Project has significantly advanced understanding of the Haua Fteah stratigraphy and of the archaeology and geomorphology of the landscape in which the cave is located. The excavations of the McBurney backfill have reached a total depth of 7.5 m below the present ground surface, the depth at which two human mandibles were found in the 1950s excavations. Reconnaissance at the Hagfet ed-Dabba established that the sediments associated with the Upper Palaeolithic ‘Dabban’ industry were more or less entirely removed by the McBurney excavation. Exploratory excavations in the Hagfet al-Gama, a coastal cave west of the Haua Fteah, found evidence of Mesolithic, Neolithic, and Hellenistic occupation. The initial results from the study of botanical remains, both macroscopic and microscopic, obtained in the 2007 season at the Haua Fteah confirm the potential of the site to yield a rich suite of materials to inform on climatic and environmental change, and on human activities in the cave.

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Renfrew, Colin, Michael Boyd, and Evi Margaritis. "Interdisciplinary approaches to the prehistory of Keros." Archaeological Reports 64 (November 2018): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0570608418000200.

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First investigated archaeologically in 1963, it is only with the recent publication of the 2006–2008 excavations that the nature of the Early Bronze Age sanctuary and settlement on Keros is becoming clear. Further investigations – a survey in 2012–2013 and excavations in 2016–2018 – have expanded our knowledge of the sanctuary. This paper sets out the interdisciplinary nature of the research on Keros, highlighting the contribution of a panoply of environmental techniques built into the project methodology from its inception, with all sampling taking place during the excavation itself. In addition, compositional and microscopic analyses of materials such as ceramics, metals and marble contribute to understanding their manufacture and provenance. Finally, taphonomic analyses include micromorphological and soil-chemistry studies, both of which are the largest of their kind yet undertaken in the Aegean. The reflexive contribution of all these specialisms to the ongoing study and publication of the site is described.

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Buzaian, Ahmed M. "Excavations at Tocra (1985-1992)." Libyan Studies 31 (2000): 59–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026371890000532x.

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AbstractThis article presents a preliminary report on the post-excavation analysis of excavations conducted between 1985 and 1992 by the Department of Archaeology of the University of Garyunis (Benghazi) at the ancient city of Tocra. The construction and design of the buildings excavated are analysed, with particular emphasis on the late antique phases; and descriptions of pottery, other artefacts (including two early Islamic coins) are given. The area appears to have been an artisan district, as evidenced by the finds of a pottery kiln, ovens, vats and other structures associated with manufacturing activities. Mortar and plaster samples were analysed to help phase the structures, and to compare the excavated vats with their counterparts at another site within the city. A limited study of the faunal remains gives some insight into diet at the site in late antiquity.The study shows clearly that Tocra remained inhabited after the Arab conquest (AD 640s), confirming suggestions of previous excavations at other sites within the city wall.

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Niblett, Rosalind, William Manning, and Christopher Saunders. "Verulamium: Excavations within the Roman Town 1986–88." Britannia 37 (November 2006): 53–188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3815/000000006784016639.

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ABSTRACTExcavations in Insulae II, III and XIII in the southern half of Verulamium demonstrated the absence of occupation prior to the late first century and the relatively late development of the street grid in this area. This forced a re-evaluation of the date of the 1955 ditch, suggesting it was not dug until the Flavian period. The excavations also demonstrated that Watling Street had never bisected Insula XIII on the south-eastern side of the Forum-Basilica, thus negating a major argument for the presence of a Claudian fort under the centre of the later town. A restricted excavation in the northern corner of Insula XIII revealed evidence for the location of the town’s baths, while excavation in Insula XIII revealed a long sequence of industrial and domestic occupation stretching from the late first to early fifth centuries. Evidence for continued occupation into the fifth century or beyond was recovered from Insula II, and to a lesser extent, in Insula XIII.

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Karlsson, Lars, Jesper Blid, Olivier Henry, and Ragnar Hedlund. "Labraunda 2011. A preliminary report on the Swedish excavations." Opuscula. Annual of the Swedish Institutes at Athens and Rome 5 (November 2012): 49–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.30549/opathrom-05-03.

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The main goals of the 2011 campaign were the excavation of the Kepez tower, the West Church and the necropoleis. The tower of Kepez was excavated and black-gloss pottery indicates a date in the 3rd century BC. The 2011 excavations in the West Church uncovered three Late Roman and Byzantine building phases. Among the finds from Late Antiquity was a well-preserved glass lamp with a Greek inscription and a marble figurine, possibly representing an apostle or a saint. The excavations in the necropolis uncovered eleven tombs in the Area 5B, located along the Sacred Way, completing the excavation initiated in 2010. New tombs were discovered in the territory east and south of the sanctuary. Finally, the three stone sarcophagi inside the Built Tomb were moved in order to facilitate complete excavation and the cleaning of all the interior space of this monumental tomb. The conservation of architectural marble was continued and included the conservation of an Ionic column capital and an anta capital from Andron B. Thomas Thieme and Pontus Hellström prepared the publication of the andrones.

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Gabel, Creighton, P. L. Shinnie, and F. J. Kense. "Archaeology of Gonja, Ghana: Excavations at Daboya." International Journal of African Historical Studies 24, no. 1 (1991): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/220104.

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Skyrda, Valerii, and Iryna Skyrda. "Archaeological research carried out by Yevhen Tryfiliev and Oleksandr Pokrovskyi." Materials and studies on archaeology of Sub-Carpathian and Volhynian area 25 (December 28, 2021): 288–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/mdapv.2021-25-288-298.

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Ye. Tryfiliev and O. Pokrovskyi are little-known figures in the archaeological environment. Nevertheless, their contribution to the development of archaeology is quite significant. The formation of interest in archaeological research among these scientists is mainly associated with the XII Archaeological Congress held in Kharkiv in 1902. O. Pokrovskyi and Ye. Tryfiliev were involved in the excavations during the preparatory work for the scientific forum. These scientists received open letters to conduct archaeological research in 1900 at the request of the Kharkiv preliminary committee: O. Pokrovskyi was sent to the Izyumsky district and Ye. Tryfiliev – to the Starobelsky and Kupyansky districts. Subsequently, O. Pokrovskyi joined the excavation of the newly opened Verkhnesaltovsky catacomb burial ground. O. Pokrovskyi and Ye. Tryfiliev reported on the results of their research at the meetings of the Kharkiv preliminary committee, and then the materials of the excavations formed the basis of their reports at the XII Archaeological Congress. In the future, O. Pokrovskyi did not carry out archaeological research, except for minor works in 1920 at the Verkhnesaltovsky burial ground. Ye. Tryfiliev, however, continued his activities in the field of archaeology in connection with the preparation of the XIII Archaeological Congress, which took place in 1905 in Кaterуnoslav. In particular, he excavated burial mounds in Kharkiv and Кaterynoslav provinces territory. In the Kharkiv region, the scientist investigated the mounds of the Scythian era near the village of Dergachi, and in the Кaterуnoslav region, he was engaged in the excavation of burial mounds on Mariupol district’s territory. The major task of Ye. Tryfiliev was to establish a connection between the kurgans and stone women, as well as to determine their cultural affiliation. In 1923, Ye. Tryfiliev carried out excavations of burial mounds near Odessa. Thus, it can be concluded that the archaeological activity of O. Pokrovskyi and Ye. Tryfiliev was mainly associated with the preparation and conduct of Archaeological Congresses. Key words: research, scientists, excavations, burial mounds, Archaeological Congresses.

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Itach, Gilad. "The diachronic archaeological record of ancient Yehud: From the Late Chalcolithic to Modern Times." Jerusalem Journal of Archaeology 4 (2023): 1–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.52486/01.00004.1.

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Substantial archaeological exposure of the ancient city of Yehud was achieved through as many as forty-four trial and salvage excavations conducted since 1993. The accumulated data has now reached a critical mass where a broad synthesis is made possible, concerning a site for which investigation has been slow due to the challenges of excavating within a densely populated and rapidly developing modern city. Excavations in the city, located in Israel’s central coastal plain, revealed a patchy history of human settlement, ranging in date between the Late Chalcolithic and Ottoman periods, with lengthy periods of sparse residential use, when the site was variably utilized for funerary, industrial, agricultural, or other types of yet unidentified activities. This comprehensive synthesis unravels the archaeology and history of this little-known site, located at the heart of a region that has undergone major social transformations and historical upheavals during the period in question. The information on Yehud is contextualized with up-to-date knowledge of the archaeology of the central coastal plain, especially concerning Yehud’s hinterland within the Ayalon valley.

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Ben-Tor, Amnon. "The Renewed Hazor Excavations." Near Eastern Archaeology 76, no. 2 (June 2013): 66–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5615/neareastarch.76.2.0066.

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SAGONA, Antonio, Mustafa ERKMEN, Claudia SAGONA, Ian McNIVEN, and Sarah HOWELLS. "Excavations at Sos Höyük." Anatolica 24 (January 1, 1998): 31–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ana.24.0.2015476.

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ASLİHAN YENER, K., Christopher EDENS, Jesse CASANA, Benjamin DIEBOLD, Heidi EKSTROM, Michelle LOYET, and Rana ÖZBAL. "Tell Kurdu Excavations 1999." Anatolica 26 (January 1, 2000): 31–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ana.26.0.2015494.

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Schaafsma, Curtis F. "Great Excavations: Tales of Early Southwestern Archaeology, 1888-1939:Great Excavations: Tales of Early Southwestern Archaeology, 1888-1939." Museum Anthropology 20, no. 1 (March 1996): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mua.1996.20.1.80.

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Gambin, Timmy, Maja Sausmekat, John Wood, and Kari Hyttinen. "When Time Is of the Essence—Recording an Underwater Excavation at 110 m." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 9 (September 20, 2023): 1835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11091835.

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Underwater archaeological excavations present unique challenges, particularly when conducted at significant depths where divers face limited time on the archaeological site. Traditional methods of recording excavation progress, such as manual documentation and drawings, are too time-consuming when the time on the site totals no more than 12 min. To address these limitations, this paper introduces an innovative approach for daily recording and observation of underwater archaeological excavations using 3D photogrammetric models and point of view (PoV) cameras developed specifically for the excavation of a shipwreck situated at a depth of 110 m. The proposed system leverages advancements in photogrammetry and 3D modelling techniques to capture and analyse detailed visual data of the excavation site on a daily basis. Three-dimensional photogrammetric models offer a comprehensive and easily accessible representation of the excavation site, enabling the team to record and analyse excavation levels and features in a highly precise and detailed manner. By comparing the 3D models captured on consecutive days, researchers can precisely measure changes in the excavation area, identify new artifacts or structures, and record the progress of the excavation. The PoV cameras contribute to the planning of daily tasks required on the site. Overall, this paper showcases innovative methods for underwater archaeological excavations at significant depths, employing 3D photogrammetric models for daily recording as well as PoV cameras for observation. The proposed system represents a substantial advancement in the field of underwater archaeology, offering a more accurate, efficient, and reliable approach to documenting and analysing excavation progress, whilst also producing results that can be subsequently adapted and applied to other deep water archaeological sites.

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Venclová, Natalie. "Mšecké Žehrovice, Bohemia: excavations 1979–88." Antiquity 63, no. 238 (March 1989): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00075669.

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Megaw & Megaw, in the December 1988 ANTIQUITY, published a new study of the carved stone head from Mšecké Žehrovice. Here the excavator of the site adds new information about the archaeology of this remarkable find-spot.

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Rosén, Christina. "Recent Excavations at Nya Lödöse." Current Swedish Archaeology 27, no. 27 (December 30, 2019): 256–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37718/csa.2019.14.

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Hammond, Norman, Sara Donaghey, Colleen Gleason, J. C. Staneko, Dirk Van Tuerenhout, and Laura J. Kosakowsky. "Excavations at Nohmul, Belize, 1985." Journal of Field Archaeology 14, no. 3 (1987): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/530084.

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Renfrew, Colin, T. W. Jacobsen, W. R. Farrand, Tjeerd H. Van Andei, Susan B. Sutton, Catherine Perles, Judith C. Shackleton, et al. "Excavations at Franchthi Cave, Greece." Journal of Field Archaeology 21, no. 3 (1994): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/530344.

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