Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ex-prisoners of war Australia

Academic literature on the topic 'Ex-prisoners of war Australia'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Ex-prisoners of war Australia"

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Zernetska, O., and O. Myronchuk. "Historical Memory and Practices of Monumental Commemoration of World War I in Australia (Part 1)." Problems of World History, no. 12 (September 29, 2020): 208–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2020-12-11.

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The authors’ research attention is focused on the specifics of the Australian memorial practices dedicated to the World War I. The statement is substantiated that in the Australian context memorials and military monuments formed a special post-war and post-traumatic part of the visual memory of the first Australian global military conflict. The features of the Australian memorial concept are clarified, the social function of the monuments and their important role in the psychological overcoming of the trauma and bitter losses experienced are noted. The multifaceted aspects of visualization of the monumental memory of the World War I in Australia are analyzed. Monuments and memorials are an important part of Australia’s visual heritage. It is concluded that each Australian State has developed its own concept of memory, embodied in various types and nature of monuments. The main ones are analyzed in detail: Shrine of Remembrance in Melbourne (1928–1934); Australian War Memorial in Canberra (1941); Sydney Cenotaph (1927-1929) and Anzac Memorial in Sydney (1934); Desert Mounted Corps Memorial in Western Australia (1932); Victoria Memorials: Avenue of Honour and Victory Arch in Ballarat (1917-1919), Australian Ex-Prisoners of War Memorial (2004), Great Ocean Road – the longest nationwide memorial (1919-1932); Hobart War Memorial in the Australian State of Tasmania (1925), as well as Villers-Bretonneux Australian National Memorial in France dedicated to French-Australian cooperation during the World War I (1938). The authors demonstrate an inseparable connection between the commemorative practices of Australia and the politics of national identity, explore the trends in the creation and development of memorial practices. It is noted that the overwhelming majority of memorial sites are based on the clearly expressed function of a place of memory, a place of mourning and commemoration. It was found that the representation of the memorial policy of the memory of Australia in the first post-war years was implemented at the beginning at the local level and was partially influenced by British memorial practices, transforming over time into a nationwide cultural resource.
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Zernetska, O., and O. Myronchuk. "Historical Memory and Practices of Monumental Commemoration of World War I in Australia (Part 2)." Problems of World History, no. 13 (March 18, 2021): 203–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2021-13-10.

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The authors’ research attention is focused on the specifics of the Australian memorial practices dedicated to the World War I. The statement is substantiated that in the Australian context memorials and military monuments formed a special post-war and post-traumatic part of the visual memory of the first Australian global military conflict. The features of the Australian memorial concept are clarified, the social function of the monuments and their important role in the psychological overcoming of the trauma and bitter losses experienced are noted. The multifaceted aspects of visualization of the monumental memory of the World War I in Australia are analyzed. Monuments and memorials are an important part of Australia’s visual heritage. It is concluded that each Australian State has developed its own concept of memory, embodied in various types and nature of monuments. The main ones are analyzed in detail: Shrine of Remembrance in Melbourne (1928–1934); Australian War Memorial in Canberra (1941); Sydney Cenotaph (1927-1929) and Anzac Memorial in Sydney (1934); Desert Mounted Corps Memorial in Western Australia (1932); Victoria Memorials: Avenue of Honour and Victory Arch in Ballarat (1917-1919), Australian Ex-Prisoners of War Memorial (2004), Great Ocean Road – the longest nationwide memorial (1919-1932); Hobart War Memorial in the Australian State of Tasmania (1925), as well as Villers-Bretonneux Australian National Memorial in France dedicated to French-Australian cooperation during the World War I (1938). The authors demonstrate an inseparable connection between the commemorative practices of Australia and the politics of national identity, explore the trends in the creation and development of memorial practices. It is noted that the overwhelming majority of memorial sites are based on the clearly expressed function of a place of memory, a place of mourning and commemoration. It was found that the representation of the memorial policy of the memory of Australia in the first post-war years was implemented at the beginning at the local level and was partially influenced by British memorial practices, transforming over time into a nationwide cultural resource.
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Twomey, Christina. "Prisoners of war of the Japanese: War and memory in Australia." Memory Studies 6, no. 3 (June 28, 2013): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750698013482649.

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This article reflects on the place of prisoners of war of the Japanese in Australian memory of World War II. It examines the return to prominence of prisoners of war memory in the 1980s and places this phenomenon in the context of the memory boom and the attention accorded to difficult or traumatic memories. By exploring the relationship between Australian war memories and debates about Indigenous suffering, it suggests that cosmopolitan memory cultures form an important conceptual link between them. Recognising prisoners of war memory as an example of traumatic memory allows us to move beyond an analysis bounded by the nation state, and to argue that instead of seeing it as emerging in competition with other contemporary memories focused on the suffering of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, it shares some elements in common with them.
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Lewandowsky, Stephan, Werner G. K. Stritzke, Klaus Oberauer, and Michael Morales. "Memory for Fact, Fiction, and Misinformation." Psychological Science 16, no. 3 (March 2005): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.00802.x.

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Media coverage of the 2003 Iraq War frequently contained corrections and retractions of earlier information. For example, claims that Iraqi forces executed coalition prisoners of war after they surrendered were retracted the day after the claims were made. Similarly, tentative initial reports about the discovery of weapons of mass destruction were all later disconfirmed. We investigated the effects of these retractions and disconfirmations on people's memory for and beliefs about war-related events in two coalition countries (Australia and the United States) and one country that opposed the war (Germany). Participants were queried about (a) true events, (b) events initially presented as fact but subsequently retracted, and (c) fictional events. Participants in the United States did not show sensitivity to the correction of misinformation, whereas participants in Australia and Germany discounted corrected misinformation. Our results are consistent with previous findings in that the differences between samples reflect greater suspicion about the motives underlying the war among people in Australia and Germany than among people in the United States.
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Bonner, Frances. "The Mediated Asian-Australian Food Identity: From Charmaine Solomon to Masterchef Australia." Media International Australia 157, no. 1 (November 2015): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1515700113.

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This article considers the significance of food competitions, not just in helping ex-contestants to achieve careers in various food media sites, but also the consequences of this, together with televised food programs generally, in making Australian television more fully represent a multicultural nation, most specifically its Asian-Australian citizens. In 1964, Charmaine Solomon came second in a Woman's Day recipe competition. This, combined with her earlier training as a journalist in Ceylon/Sri Lanka, led the magazine's food editor, Margaret Fulton, to offer her a job. This began her long career as the leading Australian writer on Asian food. More recently, television and shows like MasterChef Australia have replaced magazine competitions in providing a breakthrough into a mediated career in the food industry. Again it was as second place-getter in the very first series of MasterChef that Poh Ling Yeow achieved her break and found her place. Television requires and bestows celebrity, and Poh provides a valuable counterpoint to Solomon here. Several other Asian-Australian contestants have similarly flourished after exposure on the program, like second series winner Adam Liaw. It has become evident that cooking competitions have become one of the principal sites in prime-time Australian television for Asian faces to be seen as a matter of course. While scholars of, and commentators on, Australian multiculturalism are rightly scathing about popular statements claiming a better Australian food culture as an index of the success of post-war migration policies, it appears that Australian television and other media continue to find this conjunction fruitful.
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Astika Pidada, Ida Bagus. "PERALATAN PERANG NICA DALAM MENGHADAPI PEJUANG PADA MASA REVOLUSI FISIK DI BALI TAHUN 1945 - 1950." KULTURISTIK: Jurnal Bahasa dan Budaya 3, no. 1 (January 18, 2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/kulturistik.3.1.939.

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[Title: The Nica War Equipment in Facing Patriots in Physical Revolution in Bali In 1945 – 1950] Giving up without the conditions of Lieutenant General H. Ter Poorten (Commander of the Dutch East Indies) on behalf of the United States Army in Indonesia to Liuetenant General Hiroshi Imamura (Japanese Army Leader). Since the Dutch East Indies government ended in Indonesia. At that time Dutch soldiers who were Japanese prisoners of war because they did not have time to flee to Australia were sent to the interior of Siam and Birma to clear forests and make bridges and railways. On August 15th 1945, Japan finally surrendered to allies. This defeat of Japan caused the captives of the Dutch to quickly hold preparatory exercises back to Indonesia. The arrival of the Dutch in Bali received resistance from the fighters under the leadership of Lieutenant Colonel I Gusti Ngurah Rai. Although the weapons possessed by fighters in Bali is limited but the struggle is long enough to survive. NICA in the face of fighters in Bali during the physical revolution has used modern war equipment such as: pipercub airplanes, lucked airplanes, motorbikes, jeeps, telephones, bren, mitraliur, stengun, mortar, lichthalon and others but not easy can beat him. This is because the fighters with the people in Bali are united.
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Evans, Raymond. "The lowest common denominator: loyalism and school children in war-torn Australia 1914 – 1918." Queensland Review 3, no. 2 (July 1996): 100–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1321816600006474.

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It is the march of the troops through the children's playground which makes the recruits of ten years afterwards.R.E.N.Twopeny (1883)I made up my mind I was going to the war … I had no idea whatever what war implied, but I did know what it was to march to military music …– ex-AIF member (World War I)Most Australian school children, whether public or private, primary or secondary, had been finely tuned for warfare long before the Great War of 1914–18 had actually begun. School papers and reading books, history, geography and civics lessons, the personal persuasiveness of teachers trained to accept unequivocally “the power for good in teaching patriotism” to captive and captivated young audiences, the “rhythmic harmony” of loyalist singing, marching and versifying, the Imperial pageantry of Empire Day and the militaristic inculcations of highly disciplinary cadet training schemes all combined, in the closed educational environment of the schools, to produce young Australians well primed for unquestioning obedience to the State and martial sacrifice to the Empire. Children at a Sydney primary school were ordered to chant, in 1907, “I give my mind to my country to think for it; I give my heart because I love it; I give my hands to my country to work for it”; — “[and] to fight for it”, all the boy pupils were then expected to intone. Such orchestrated love of country was subordinated, in tum, to love of Britain's Empire — “our peace-bearing, peerless, guardian Empire” as one educator described it - which was presented as not only the largest but the worthiest empire in world history. The “cement of Empire”, it was said, contained such essential ingredients as social conformity, duty and sacrifice, which non-Catholic private schools and state schools applied with a heavily-laden trowel to impressionable young minds both preceding and during World War One.
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Absalom, Roger. "Hiding history: the Allies, the Resistance and the others in Occupied Italy 1943–1945." Historical Journal 38, no. 1 (March 1995): 111–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00016307.

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ABSTRACTOf the almost 80,000 prisoners-of-war held by Italy at the time of the Armistice with the Allies of 8 September 1943, more than half succeeded in escaping and almost 18,000 were not recaptured, largely due to the help offered spontaneously by Italian civilians. The records of the Allied Screening Commission preserved in Washington, and other official papers available in England, South Africa and Australia, complemented by oral history fieldwork among former escapers and their Italian helpers, reveal an Anglo-Italian epic of anti-heroism, whose protagonists nevertheless displayed great courage, ingenuity, perseverance and humanity.Exploration of this neglected but critical dimension of the secret history of the years of occupation and resistance between 1943 and 1945 throws new light upon the characteristics and the long-term potential of a submerged nation of peasants, charcoal-burners and shepherds. The article is an attempt to historicise their expression of an often overlooked but universal peasant culture of survival, far deeper at the time than political commitment, but not without ultimate political importance.
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Grayson, David A., Richard P. Marshall, Matthew Dobson, Brian I. O'toole, Ralph J. Schureck, Margot Ffrench, Belinda Pulvertaft, and Lenore Meldrum. "Australian Vietnam Veterans: Factors Contributing to Psychosocial Problems." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 30, no. 5 (October 1996): 600–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679609062655.

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Objective: The objective of the present paper is to present comprehensive models of the current psychosocial morbidity of Australian Vietnam veterans. Seldom has research in this area attempted to ‘untangle’ direct and indirect influences on current functioning via possible pre-army, Vietnam and homecoming pathways. Method: The Australian Vietnam Veterans' Health Study gathered data on a sample of 641 veterans throughout Australia drawn randomly from army Vietnam tour lists of the era. The data arose from interview and army records of the era, and fall into four temporal categories: pre-army, Vietnam service, homecoming after Vietnam, and current state. Path analysis models of the veterans' current psychological morbidities and social wellbeing are used to identify direct aetiological influences of earlier era constructs on current state, free of confounding by indirect (often selection) effects. Results: Our results indicate that psychological morbidity (particularly post-traumatic stress disorder) is largely influenced by combat and poor homecoming experiences, although pre-military characteristics do play some direct roles in symptomatology. Social dysfunction measures show smaller effects of the Vietnam War, which may be accounted for by an indirect association with Vietnam-related psychological morbidity. Some social measures show evidence of compensatory influences of combat, high combat leading to social dysfunction because of morbidity, but simultaneously being associated with healthier social disposition (possibly because of increased ex-service activity). Conclusions: For Australian Vietnam veterans, combat-related and homecoming effects persist on a range of psychosocial endpoints 20–30 years after exposure. These effects are not explicable in terms of veterans' pre-Vietnam characteristics.
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Roedyati, Joevi, Hafied Cangara, and Andi Faisal Bakti. "Rivalry USA and China in The Pacific: Interpretation of Communication Theorities." Journal Research of Social, Science, Economics, and Management 1, no. 9 (April 20, 2022): 1545–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/jrssem.v1i9.164.

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Communication is a way of interacting with fellow human beings, because communication is essentially a needfor each individual to exist as a society. In communicating, ethics must be considered whencommunicating with others.Thisstudy aims to provide an overview of the perspectives and impressions exchanged by the United States and China during the Pacific War. Methods of the writings is qualitative, which sources are taken from many of Chinese and USA plus Australia and New Zealand’s policies in order to gain economic benefit from Pacific States. Superpowers have been put a lot of intentions in the Pacific regions, since its Colonial times. This writing only want to stressed the rivalty which had beenput in the region nowadays. This effort only tried to understand form of policies of the countries in the Pacific, to addressed these rivalries of ex colonial powers, USA and China, for least mentioned.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ex-prisoners of war Australia"

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Nagata, Yuriko. "Japanese internment in Australia during World War II /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phn147.pdf.

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McMullan, Peter. "From burden to benefit: Italian and German prisoners of war in Western Australia, 1943-1946." Thesis, McMullan, Peter (2020) From burden to benefit: Italian and German prisoners of war in Western Australia, 1943-1946. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2020. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/62425/.

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During the Second World War, Australia faced an extreme manpower shortage due to the requirements of its armed services, munitions production and agriculture. The federal government, having tried other sources of labour, was eventually forced to utilise Italian and German prisoners of war (POWs), interned in Australia, as additional workers. The option to employ POWs was allowed by the 1929 Geneva Convention, provided that this labour was not used for war purposes. The limited scholarly work available on POW employees in Australia deals predominantly with the eastern states. I analyse the decision to use almost 4000 Italian and German prisoners, transferred from POW camps in the eastern states and overseas, in Western Australia. I also show how the system worked in practice, and analyse the economic significance of the scheme. Western Australia’s greatest need for labour was in farm work and firewood supply. The army administered schemes under which POWs were employed in these tasks throughout the state’s agricultural regions. Over 3500 Italian and 300 German prisoners were used on the two projects. Army administrative centres were established in country towns, from where labour was distributed to employers after a vetting process. The POW labour scheme proved economically and politically beneficial for Western Australia and financially advantageous for the federal government. Farmers were able to access cheap and experienced Italian labour, while the German POW workforce assisted the Forests Department in overcoming the state’s critical firewood shortage. Australian authorities accepted POW employment because it was fiscally self-sufficient and low maintenance, while country towns appreciated the army’s presence because it provided security and because money was spent in the towns The labour scheme also appears to have been relatively congenial for the prisoners, who were far removed from the war zones and were generally well treated by their hosts.
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Watt, Mary R. "The 'stunned' and the 'stymied' : The P.O.W. experience in the history of the 2/11th Infantry Battalion, 1939-1945." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1996. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/966.

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Stimulated by a pronouncement of Joan Beaumont that prisoners of war are a neglected subject of historical inquiry this thesis undertakes an empirical and analytical study concerning this topic. Within the context of the prisoner of war experience in the history of the 2/11th Infantry Battalion during the Second World War, it puts a case for including non-operational strands of warfare in the body of Australian official military history. To facilitate this contention the study attempts to show the reasons for which historians might study the scope and range of the prisoner of war experience. Apart from describing the context and aims of the study, the paper utilizes Abraham Maslow's theory of a hierarchy of needs to highlight the plight of prisoners of war. Amongst the issues explored are themes of capture, incarceration and recovery. Suggestions are made to extend the base of volunteer soldiers curriculum in favour of a greater understanding of the prisoner of war and an awareness that rank has its privileges. In addition to the Official Records from the Australian War Memorial, evidence for the study has been drawn mainly from the archive of the 2/11th Infantry Battalion, Army Museum of Western Australia, catalogued by the writer as a graduate student, December 1992, and military literature that were readily available in Perth. At every opportunity the men are allowed to speak for themselves thus numerous and often lengthy quotations are included.
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Regan, Patrick Michael Humanities &amp Social Sciences Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "Neglected Australians : prisoners of war from the Western Front, 1916-1918." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38686.

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About 3850 men of the First Australian Imperial Force were captured on the Western Front in France and Belgium between April 1916 and November 1918. They were mentioned only briefly in the volumes of the Official Histories, and have been overlooked in many subsequent works on Australia and the First World War. Material in the Australian War Memorial has been used to address aspects of the experiences of these neglected men, in particular the Statements that some of them completed after their release This thesis will investigate how their experiences ran counter to the narratives of CEW Bean and others, and seeks to give them their place in Australia???s Twentieth Century experience of war.
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Cheng, Shing. "Waging a two-front war inmates during incarceration and social workers working on ex-convict rehabilitation in China /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41634135.

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Cheng, Shing, and 鄭誠. "Waging a two-front war: inmates during incarceration and social workers working on ex-convict rehabilitationin China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41634135.

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Khan, K. "Psychiatric morbidity amongst ex Far East prisoners of war more than thirty years after repatriation." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381265.

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Lein, Richard. "Zurück aus dem Krieg : die Kriegsgefangenen- und Heimkehrerfürsorge der Republik Österreich nach dem 2. Weltkrieg /." Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0709/2007387676.html.

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Pappas, Caroline History Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "Law and politics : Australia's war crimes trials in the Pacific, 1943-1961." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of History, 1998. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38701.

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This dissertation examines the trial of Japanese war crimes conducted by Australia between 1945 and 1951; although the study commences in 1943, when the Government first focussed on the issue, and ends in 1961, when the issue was closed. Beyond providing an overview of the trials the thesis addresses the major criticism of the trials by looking at whether the trails were fair and if they fulfilled Australian aims. This is addressed within the context of the two elements of international law, the political, and the legal, and examined in each of the three sections. The Policy section establishes the political context of the trials by examining the influence of the international community and the Australian Government. Both influenced structure and progress rather than the final application of the law. When Australian attitudes were incongruous with international views, a perception that Australia was harsh and repressive developed even though justice was an important part of the Government???s agenda. A study of legal aspects of the trials commences in the Procedures section. Australia???s legislation and regulations are explained with particular emphasis on the more controversial aspects, and a comparison is made with the war crimes instruments of other Allies trying the Japanese showing many similarities between the regulations used by other nations and Australia???s. Procedures also discusses the framework for the Australian trials, the procedures used to bring a case to trial, the process used in court, the review process and the carrying out of sentences. Such a thorough study of the procedural basis is necessary to evaluate the individual trials. Practical examples of some of the procedural problems are also discussed in the following section ??? Practice. This section reviews a number of trials and the various types of crimes and the claims made in defence to show how Australia applied and interpreted the law. The study finds many similarities between Australia???s application of the law and the practice of other nations, indicating that Australian courts were applying what was considered to be customary expectations of behaviour. Throughout the trials there was little evidence of vindictiveness or revenge, either by Government or in the courts. Both were faced with significant problems, which were not always dealt with well but overall the trials were fair and those involved were concerned that justice should not only be seen to be done, but actually be done.
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Nagata, Yuriko. "Japanese internment in Australia during World War II / Yuriko Nagata." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21427.

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Books on the topic "Ex-prisoners of war Australia"

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Stalag Australia: German prisoners of war in Australia. North Ryde, NSW, Australia: Angus & Robertson, 1986.

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Bray, George. Aboriginal ex-servicemen of Central Australia. Alice Springs, N.T: IAD Press, 1995.

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Tami, Tullio. Escape from Australia: A story of Italian prisoners of war. [S.l.]: L. Tami, M. Tami and T. Tami, 1993.

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Bevege, Margaret. Behind barbed wire: Internment in Australia during World War II. St Lucia, Qld., Australia: University of Queensland Press, 1993.

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Hellfire: The story of Australia, Japan and the prisoners of war. Sydney: Pan Macmillan, 2007.

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Hellfire: The story of Australia, Japan and the prisoners of war. Sydney: Pan MacMillan Australia, 2005.

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Gérard, Fischer, ed. The enemy at home: German internees in WWI Australia. Kensington, N.S.W: UNSW Press, 2011.

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Blood brothers: Sabah and Australia, 1942-1945. Kota Kinabalu: Opus Publications, 2010.

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Jeffrey, Betty. White coolies: The graphic account of Australian nurses held captive during World War II. North Ryde, N.S.W., Australia: Angus & Robertson, 1988.

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Nagata, Yuriko. Unwanted aliens: Japanese internment in Australia = Gōshū Nikkeijin kyōsei shūyō. St. Lucia, Qld: University of Queensland Press, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ex-prisoners of war Australia"

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Malpass, Alan. "Rubbing Shoulders with the Ex-Enemy: Fraternisation and Marriage." In British Character and the Treatment of German Prisoners of War, 1939–48, 107–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48915-1_4.

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King, Edmund G. C. "A Captive Audience? The Reading Lives of Australian Prisoners of War, 1914–1918." In Reading and the First World War, 153–67. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137302717_9.

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Goss, W. M., Claire Hooker, and Ronald D. Ekers. "Driving the GRT, 1957–1959." In Historical & Cultural Astronomy, 437–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07916-0_29.

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AbstractThe late 1950s were chiefly characterised by immense frustration and very difficult relations with the British designers Freeman, Fox and Partners (FFP). A crucial change forced by Bowen and initially resisted by FFP, was to call for competitive bids. Despite the pressure to select a British firm for the construction contract it was awarded to a German firm, Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg (MAN). This dramatically illustrates the extent to which an ex-British colony was now truly independent and capable of making what certainly transpired to be an excellent solution. The combination of the innovative UK FFP mechanical design, the efficient MAN German construction and the Australian radio systems engineering was a great success.
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Aszkielowicz, Dean. "A New Direction." In The Australian Pursuit of Japanese War Criminals, 1943-1957. Hong Kong University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888390724.003.0009.

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In 1954, the Australian government moved on from its cautious approach to Japan, and charted a new course in Australia-Japan relations, where the government would do all that it could to develop close political ties with Japan. War criminals though, remained an important issue in Japan and after they were repatriated the Australian government began to receive calls from Japan for their release. Even with Australia-Japan relations moving towards a new era though, the government was reluctant to simply release the war criminals. Instead the government sought a legal solution where the prisoners could be released on parole or have their sentences reduced. The conditions for the reduction of sentences became ever more lenient and in 1957, all remaining war criminals convicted by Australian courts were released.
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Aszkielowicz, Dean. "Post-trial." In The Australian Pursuit of Japanese War Criminals, 1943-1957. Hong Kong University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888390724.003.0008.

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Australia’s trials ended in April 1951, and just a few months later in September, the San Francisco Peace Treaty signalled that the Occupation would end the following year and Japan would return to the international community. A nationwide petition movement in Japan began calling for the repatriation of war criminals who had been convicted by Allied courts and resided in overseas prisons, such as some of those convicted by Australia who were now imprisoned on Manus Island. Meanwhile, other war criminals who were convicted by Australian courts resided in Sugamo Prison in Tokyo, and the Japanese government was bound by Article 11 of the peace treaty to keep them in prison until the convicting country allowed their release. Article 11 was not enough to reassure the Australian government that the Japanese would respect the decisions handed down in its war crimes courts, however, and this made the government anxious over repatriating the war criminals on Manus. In Japan, the petition movement began to pressure the Japanese government and the Australian embassy for the return of these prisoners.
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"Monument and ceremony: The Australian Ex-Prisoners of War Memorial and the Anzac legend." In Forgotten Captives in Japanese-Occupied Asia, 55–70. Routledge, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203934746-13.

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Banham, Tony. "Conclusion." In Reduced to a Symbolical Scale. Hong Kong University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888390878.003.0008.

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So we decided to emigrate to Australia and I suppose we could now be called ‘Dinkum Aussies’ – after 30 years.1 By 1946 Hong Kong’s pre-war colonial society, which had celebrated its hundredth birthday just five years earlier, had gone forever. Hong Kong, to the British people who lived there between the twentieth century’s two great wars, had been perhaps the prime real estate to be had in the empire. Life there was entertaining and cheap, profits were bountiful. But then came the threat of war. Mindful of their own situation in 1939, the British government instructed the Hong Kong government to mandate evacuation of British women and children should the colony be threatened by attack. In mid-1940, as the Battle of Britain stamped an indelible, greasy smoke stain through British skies thousands of miles away, the majority of Hong Kong’s civilians prescriptively escaped the threat of Asian war. Those families split asunder would often—in the context of the more than 200 husbands killed, and the many divorces—never be reunited; the cost of war being measured in permanently broken homes. That evacuation, in stages from Hong Kong to the Philippines, from the Philippines to Australia, and from Australia to the UK, or back to Hong Kong, and—in many cases—back to Australia again, would define many lives. Looking at Australia’s population today, a surprisingly large number can—at least in part—track their heritage back to Hong Kong’s pre-war society: the garrison, the businessmen, earlier evacuees who had washed up in the colony, and local families. From the perspective of Australia’s twenty-first century population, the effects of Hong Kong’s evacuation still reverberate through tens of thousands of its people. Many of the ancestors of those Australians are buried in Hong Kong or—for those who died as prisoners of war—in Japan, or they lie lost and forgotten, skeletons in Hong Kong’s remotest ravines or at the bottom of the South China Sea....
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Wilkinson, Oliver. "Ex-Prisoners of War, 1914–18." In Veterans of the First World War, 172–90. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429056949-11.

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"The Bridge on the River Kwai and King Rat: Protest and ex-prisoner of war memory in Britain and Australia." In Forgotten Captives in Japanese-Occupied Asia, 161–85. Routledge, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203934746-20.

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Brooks, Aloysia. "Torture at Abu Ghraib: Non-disclosure and Impunity." In The Legacy of Iraq. Edinburgh University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9780748696161.003.0004.

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This chapter discusses some of the long-standing social and political impacts of the torture of prisoners in Iraq by Coalition forces, and reflects on the consequences of the culture of silence and impunity that has typified torture in the so-called War on Terror. More specifically, it explores the culture of silence and non-disclosure that has led to further human rights abuses globally, including the exportation of torture techniques used at Abu Ghraib prison to different parts of the world, the increased public acceptance of torture in countries such as the United States and Australia, and the marginalisation and vilification of certain groups within the global community. Finally, the chapter explores the importance of acknowledgement, transparency, and accountability in relation to torture and for the broader promotion and protection of human rights, and the achievement of long-standing peace in the region.
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Conference papers on the topic "Ex-prisoners of war Australia"

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Shevtsova, Natalie L., Dmitriy I. Gudkov, and Andrian A. Yavnyuk. "Some Aspects of Radioecological Monitoring of High Aquatic Plants From Water-Bodies Within the Chernobyl Accident Exclusion Zone." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16368.

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The impact analysis of low doses of ionizing radiation on the breathers in natural populations is an important part of radiobiological studies of non-human biota. The main aim of our studies was to investigate some cytogenetic, morphological and reproductive rates of the common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex. Steud.) from different water bodies within the Chernobyl accident exclusion zone. The absorbed dose rate for littoral emergent plants in sampling water bodies was varied from 1.3E−02 to 1.6E−01 Gy/h. The rate and main types of chromosome aberrations in roots meristems, morphological damages in seed germs, as well as rates of germinating ability and power were analyzed. There were registered rather low rate of germinating ability (14–48%) and germinating power (<1) of seeds from all sampling water bodies with high levels of radioactive contamination in comparison to control ones. Against the general suppressed background the effect of relative stimulation of more affected seeds was observed. With increase of absorbed dose in range of 1.3E−02–1.6E−01 Gy/h the number of germinated seeds was increased. At the same time the number of morphological damages of seeds was increased as well. There was determined the positive correlation between absorbed dose rate and chromosome aberration rate in roots of the common reed from sampling water bodies. The highest rate of chromosome aberrations (up to 17%) were registered in plants with high level of morphological deviations in seeds germs. The data obtained from the complex analysis of natural populations of the common reed from the radioactive contaminated water bodies testify about rather high level of genetic efficiency of low doses of long-term exposure.
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Reports on the topic "Ex-prisoners of war Australia"

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Schad, Aaron, Gary Dick, Kris Erickson, Paul Fuhrmann, and Lynde Dodd. Vegetation community changes in response to phragmites management at Times Beach, Buffalo, New York. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42149.

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Management of invasive phragmites (Phragmites australis [Cav.] Trin. Ex Steud.) in the United States has proven challenging over the last several decades. Various methods for control exist, but integrated approaches appear to have the most success. However, documentation of vegetation community–wide responses to these approaches remains limited. This study monitored plant community changes at Times Beach, New York, over a five-year period. In concert with mowing and thatch removal in all areas, the study evaluated two herbicides separately and together, representing three experimental treatment areas (TAs), for control efficacy by measuring plant community structure. Phragmites was targeted for treatments, avoiding native and nonproblematic non-native species when possible, to preserve beneficial habitat during phragmites control efforts. Monitoring results showed significant drops in phragmites relative cover, relative frequency, and importance values due to integrated management, regardless of herbicide treatment, with corresponding increases in these same values for native and other plant species. This suggests that prudent removal of phragmites is compatible with beneficial plant restorative efforts to maintain and improve habitat in infested areas.
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