Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Evolutionary problem support system'
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Cameron, Mark A., and Mark Cameron@csiro au. "A Problem Model for Decision Support Systems." The Australian National University. Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, 2000. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20020717.144031.
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This body of research focuses on supporting problem-stakeholders, decision-makers and
problem-solvers faced with an ill-defined and complex real world problem. An ill-defined
problem has a characteristic trait of continual refinement. That is, the definition
of the problem changes throughout the problem investigation and resolution process.
The central theme of this research is that a support system should provide problem
stakeholders with a problem definition model for constructing and manipulating a
representation of the definition of the problem as they understand it. The approach
adopted herein is to first develop a problem definition model for ill-defined problems
the 6-Component problem definition model. With this model, it is then possible to move
on to identifying the types of changes or modifications to the problem definition that
problem stakeholders, decision makers and problem solvers may wish to explore.
Importantly, there must be a connection between the surface representation of the
problem and the underlying implementation of the support system. This research argues
that by focusing the support system around the problem definition, it is possible to
reduce the mismatch between the problem objectives and the representation of the
problem that the support system offers. This research uses the Unified Modelling
Language to record and explore the requirements that problem stakeholders, faced with
an evolving problem definition, place on a support system. The 6-Component problem
definition model is then embedded within a design for an evolutionary support system.
This embedding, supported by collaboration diagrams, shows how a system using the
6-Component problem definition model will support stakeholders in their exploration,
evaluation and resolution of an ill-defined and complex real-world problem. A case
study provides validation of the effectiveness of the 6-Component problem definition
model proposed and developed in this work. The case study uses the 6-Component
problem definition model as a basis for implementing the Integration Workbench, an
evolutionary support system for land-use planning. Stakeholders explore, communicate,
evaluate and resolve the Tasmanian Regional Forest Agreement problem with
assistance from the Integration Workbench.
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Hasan, S. M. Kamrul Engineering & Information Technology Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "Evolutionary algorithms for solving job-shop scheduling problems in the presence of process interruptions." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. Engineering & Information Technology, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43768.
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In this thesis, the Job Shop Scheduling Problem (JSSP) is the problem of interest. The classical JSSP is well-known as an NP-hard problem. Although with current computational capabilities, the small problems are solvable using deterministic methods, it is out of reach when they are larger in size. The complexity of JSSP is further increased when process interruptions, such as machine breakdown and/or machine unavailability, are introduced. Over the last few decades, several stochastic algorithms have been proposed to solve JSSPs. However, none of them are suitable for all kinds of problems. Genetic and Memetic algorithms have proved their effectiveness in these regards, because of their diverse searching behavior. In this thesis, we have developed one genetic algorithm and three different Memetic Algorithms (MAs) for solving JSSPs. Three priority rules are designed, namely partial re-ordering, gap reduction and restricted swapping, and these have been used as local search techniques in designing our MAs. We have solved 40 well-known benchmark problems and compared the results obtained with some of the established algorithms available in the literature. Our algorithm clearly outperforms those established algorithms. For better justification of the superiority of MAs over GA, we have performed statistical significance testing (Student's t-test). The experimental results show that MA, as compared to GA, not only significantly improves the quality of solutions, but also reduces the overall computation. We have extended our work by proposing an improved local search technique, shifted gap-reduction (SGR), which improves the performance of MAs when tested with the relatively difficult test problems. We have also modified the new algorithm to accommodate JSSPs with machine unavailability and also developed a new reactive scheduling technique to re-optimize the schedule after machine breakdowns. We have considered two scenarios of machine unavailability. Firstly, where the unavailability information is available in advance (predictive), and secondly, where the information is known after a real breakdown (reactive). We show that the revised schedule is mostly able to recover if the interruptions occur during the early stages of the schedules. We also confirm that the effect of a single continuous breakdown has more impact compared to short multiple breakdowns, even if the total durations of the breakdowns are the same. Finally, for convenience of implementation, we have developed a decision support system (DSS). In the DSS, we have built a graphical user interface (GUI) for user friendly data inputs, model choices, and output generation. This DSS tool will help users in solving JSSPs without understanding the complexity of the problem and solution approaches, as well as will contribute in reducing the computational and operational costs.
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Kojima, Kazuaki, and Kazuhisa Miwa. "BRIDGING AUTOMATIC PROBLEM GENERATION SYSTEM AND LEARNING SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR HUMAN'S PROBLEM GENERATION." INTELLIGENT MEDIA INTEGRATION NAGOYA UNIVERSITY / COE, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10477.
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Yusuf, Syed Adnan. "An evolutionary AI-based decision support system for urban regeneration planning." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/114896.
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The renewal of derelict inner-city urban districts suffering from high levels of socio-economic deprivation and sustainability problems is one of the key research areas in urban planning and regeneration. Subject to a wide range of social, economical and environmental factors, decision support for an optimal allocation of residential and service lots within such districts is regarded as a complex task. Pre-assessment of various neighbourhood factors before the commencement of actual location allocation of various public services is considered paramount to the sutainable outcome of regeneration projects. Spatial assessment in such derelict built-up areas requires planning of lot assignment for residential buildings in a way to maximize accessibility to public services while minimizing the deprivation of built neighbourhood areas. However, the prediction of socio-economic deprivation impact on the regeneration districts in order to optimize the location-allocation of public service infrastructure is a complex task. This is generally due to the highly conflicting nature of various service structures with various socio-economic and environmental factors. In regards to the problem given above, this thesis presents the development of an evolutionary AI-based decision support systemto assist planners with the assessment and optimization of regeneration districts. The work develops an Adaptive Network Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) based module to assess neighbourhood districts for various deprivation factors. Additionally an evolutionary genetic algorithms based solution is implemented to optimize various urban regeneration layouts based upon the prior deprivation assessment model. The two-tiered framework initially assesses socio-cultural deprivation levels of employment, health, crime and transport accessibility in neighbourhood areas and produces a deprivation impact matrix overthe regeneration layout lots based upon a trained, network-based fuzzy inference system. Based upon this impact matrix a genetic algorithm is developed to optimize the placement of various public services (shopping malls, primary schools, GPs and post offices) in a way that maximize the accessibility of all services to regenerated residential units as well as contribute to minimize the measure of deprivation of surrounding neighbourhood areas. The outcome of this research is evaluated over two real-world case studies presenting highly coherent results. The work ultimately produces a smart urban regeneration toolkit which provides designer and planner decision support in the form of a simulation toolkit.
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Chapman, Dona Elizabeth. "A decision support system for the faculty/course assignment problem." Thesis, This resource online, 1985. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10022008-063148/.
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Bergey, Paul K. "A Decision Support System for the Electrical Power Districting Problem." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27347.
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Due to a variety of political, economic, and technological factors, many national electricity industries around the globe are transforming from non-competitive monopolies with centralized systems to decentralized operations with competitive business units. This process, commonly referred to as deregulation (or liberalization) is driven by the belief that a monopolistic industry fails to achieve economic efficiency for consumers over the long run. Deregulation has occurred in a number of industries such as: aviation, natural gas, transportation, and telecommunications. The most recent movement involving the deregulation of the electricity marketplace is expected to yield consumer benefit as well.
To facilitate deregulation of the electricity marketplace, competitive business units must be established to manage various functions and services independently. In addition, these business units must be given physical property rights for certain parts of the transmission and distribution network in order to provide reliable service and make effective business decisions. However, partitioning a physical power grid into economically viable districts involves many considerations. We refer to this complex problem as the electrical power districting problem.
This research is intended to identify the necessary and fundamental characteristics to appropriately model and solve an electrical power districting problem. Specifically, the objectives of this research are five-fold. First, to identify the issues relevant to electrical power districting problems. Second, to investigate the similarities and differences of electrical power districting problems with other districting problems published in the research literature. Third, to develop and recommend an appropriate solution methodology for electrical power districting problems. Fourth, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution method for a specific case of electric power districting in the Republic of Ghana, with data provided by the World Bank. Finally, to develop a decision support system for the decision makers at the World Bank for solving Ghana's electrical power districting problem.
Ph. D.
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Zhang, Yi. "Synthesis of optimum HVAC system configurations by evolutionary algorithm." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2005. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7714.
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The HVAC system configuration is a conceptual design of the HVAC system, including the employed components, the topology of the airflow network, and the control strategy with set points. Selection of HVAC system configuration is normally done in the early stage of the design process. The configuration design, however, has significant impacts on the performance of the final system. This thesis describes the development of the design synthesis of optimal HVAC system configurations by Evolutionary Algorithm. In this research, the HVAC system configuration design synthesis has been formulated as an optimisation problem, in which, the component set of the configuration, the topology of the airflow network, and the control set points for the assumed supervisory control strategy, are the optimisation variables. Psychrometrics-based configuration model has been developed in order to evaluate the optimisation objective of minimising the annual energy consumption of the HVAC system. The optimisation is also subjected to a number of design constraints, including the connectivity of the topology, the performance limitations of the components, and the design requirements for the air-conditioned zones. The configuration synthesis problem is a multi-level optimisation problem. The topology depends on the set of selected components, whereas the search space of the control set points changes with the different components and topology. On the other hand, the performance of the configuration is assessed with its optimum operation; therefore the control set points have to be optimised for each configuration solution, before the optimum configuration can be identified. In this research, a simultaneous evolutionary approach has been developed. All optimisation variables of the configuration have been enwded into an integrated genotypic data structure. Evolutionary operators have also been developed to search the topological space (for the optimum topology) and parametric space (for the optimal control set points) at the same time. The performance of the developed approach has been validated with example optimisation problems. It is concluded that the implemented evolutionary algorithm has been able to find (near) optimum solutions for various design problems, though multiple trials may be required. The limitations of this approach and the direction of future development have been discussed.
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Brandao, Jose Carlos Soares. "A decision support system and algorithms for the vehicle routing and scheduling problem." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238909.
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Bird, Simon N. "Decision problem structuring for selection of fixed firefighting systems." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/17409.
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Active fire protection systems are an essential fire safety management tool, particularly in potentially high financial and risk consequence scenarios. In the UK and Europe over recent decades regulatory changes have been successful in creating an environment in which more innovation can take place. Increased numbers of fixed firefighting system types are now available to the user. However, not all systems offered are equal in terms of; suitability, cost, maturity of supporting knowledge, and overall performance or in-service reliability. Understanding of the systems performance and its limitations and how to match this to the assessed fire risk is incomplete among users. Experts are observing increasing numbers of what they consider to be poor fixed firefighting system choices leading to weaker fire safety designs, which is a cause of concern. Therefore the research aim is to verify that these concerns are founded and, that being the case, to develop a decision support system and related supporting resources to further this aspect of fire safety education and enable users to make better informed system selections. Thus, the focus of this research has been to develop a fixed firefighting system selection tool to complement existing legislation, which incorporates logic, rules and fire safety educational resources in a variety of formats to aid the fire safety design process. A variety of largely heuristic techniques have been used to aggregate data to form knowledge to underpin fixed firefighting system selection tool. In this form, the tool has been validated by experts as being a useful resource. The developed tool also provides ample opportunity for useful ongoing future development. The work recognises that cost and benefit are critical in the selection process. Supporting resources have been incorporated into the tool to assist users in evaluating the levels of reliability they might expect from a system in their circumstances. This tool has now been exposed to a wider audience of experts as part of an evaluation process. Findings include: that the tool is an innovative approach to promoting good fire safety designs, the tool efficiently provides useful fire safety education to users and the developed supporting resources which consider firefighting system reliability are helpful. This thesis and reference papers summarise the key stages of this research and tool development. The thesis concludes by outlining the progress achieved by this work and recommendations arising.
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Hawken, Leanne S. "Evaluation of a targeted group intervention within a school-wide system of behavior support /." view abstract or download file of text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3055691//.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2002.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-105). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Hender, Jillian Mary. "Improving group creativity : an evaluation of the use of creative techniques with a group support system." Thesis, Henley Business School, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387532.
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Young, William Albert II. "A Team-Compatibility Decision Support System to Model the NFL Knapsack Problem: An Introduction to HEART." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1273158239.
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Ferrell, Natasha Shantel. "Evaluating the relationship between treatment integrity, social acceptability, and behavior outcomes within a school-wide positive behavior support system." Diss., UC access only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=62&did=1905733931&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1270228113&clientId=48051.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2009.Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 63-71). Issued in print and online. Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations.
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Yang, Lingxue. "UX design for memory supplementation to support problem-solving tasks in analytic applications." Thesis, Compiègne, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018COMP2452/document.
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Cette thèse a été initiée dans un contexte d’amélioration de l'expérience utilisateur (UX) pour l'analyse des données de Business Intelligence en raison de l'augmentation du volume de données liées à cette activité. D'une part, les besoins psychologiques des utilisateurs portent sur la simplification de l’utilisation des applications analytiques, ils font l’objet de plus en plus d’attention ; d'autre part, les tâches qu'ils sont prêts à mener deviennent de plus en plus complexes ce qui peut entraîner une surcharge de mémoire qui influe sur les performances dans leur réalisation. Pour garantir la prise en compte de ces deux aspects, les designers doivent concevoir des interfaces et fournir des informations appropriées qui répondent à la fois aux besoins des utilisateurs et aux nécessités de leur activité. Dans cette recherche, nous nous sommes intéressés à l'amélioration de la reprise de la tâche suite à une suspension ou à une interruption de celle-ci dans le cadre de l’analyse visuelle de données. La nature multitâche des actions des utilisateurs et les capacités limitées de stockage de la mémoire de travail humaine entraînent des difficultés à s’engager de nouveau dans une tâche qui a été interrompue ou suspendue. Il devient donc avantageux de disposer d'un outil de suppléance de la mémoire qui aide les utilisateurs à se remettre à leur tâche dans des conditions optimales.Une revue de la littérature nous a conduit tout d'abord au positionnement de notre recherche vis à vis de l'approche énactive et de la perception sensorimotrice qui considèrent l'outil comme un artefact configurant l'interaction entre l'utilisateur et la tâche, selon deux états, saisi ou déposé. De ce point de vue, nous avons constaté que le modèle de mémoire cognitiviste utilisé couramment ne considère pas le rôle de l’interaction avec le monde extérieur dans la construction de la mémoire, et par conséquent ignore la dimension saisie des supports et outils dans la construction d’une mémoire. Par conséquent, nous proposons de compléter ce modèle avec un modèle de mémoire incarnée, qui ouvre une nouvelle perspective permettant de concevoir un outil de suppléance mémorielle approprié. Enfin, les principes de conception d’IHM et d’UX nous aident à construire une proposition d’outil et à mener un plan d'expérience mettant en avant le lien entre les modifications des conditions de perception et les modifications de la dynamique d’interaction. En conclusion de cette partie, la problématique générale est introduite avec l’exploration, la mise en œuvre et l’évaluation de la proposition. La première expérience, le test pilote, analyse la perception que peuvent avoir des concepteurs naviguant sur des applications interactives. Cette étude nous a aidé à construire un vocabulaire d'évaluation en conception d’un support de suppléance de la mémoire et nous a guidé pour concevoir un processus expérimental en tenant compte de ces critères. Dans une seconde expérience, nous développons un outil basé sur une fonction que nous appelons le "history path". Cet outil permet d’afficher à l’utilisateur, dans une fenêtre spécifique de l’interface, certaines étapes de résolution d’une tâche antérieure effectuée par ce même utilisateur (ou pour simuler une interruption de tâche). Nous avons mis en place une expérience simple (minimaliste) simulant une résolution de problème qui a été enregistrée pour évaluer dans quelle mesure le history path peut aider l'utilisateur à récupérer efficacement une tâche interrompue. La première partie de cette expérience nous permet de confirmer l’utilité potentielle de cette fonction et nous aide à explorer l’espace de conception. Dans la deuxième partie, nous expérimentons deux outils différents basés sur deux représentations de l’history path, une représentation statique et l’autre dynamique. Les résultats de l'évaluation nous amènent à comprendre les conditions techniques d'une expérience positive pour laquelle la reprise de tâche est facilitéeThis thesis was initiated in the context of enhancing the user experience for analyzing data due to the increase of the volume of data related to this activity. On the one hand, users’ psychological needs for the simple use of analytic applications are paid more attention than before; on the other hand, the task they are willing to conduct is getting more and more complicated, which may cause memory overload that influences the task performance. To ensure that both aspects are taken into account, the designers should provide a proper information and design a proper interface that meets both users’ needs and the requirements of their activity. In this research, we are interested in improving the task recommitment following a task suspension or interruption in the context of a visual data analysis task. The multitasking nature of user actions and limited storage capacity of human working memory cause difficulties in re-engaging an interrupted or suspended task. Therefore, it is beneficial to have a memory supplementation tool that supports users to recommit their task in optimal conditions. A literature review first leads to the positioning of our research on the enactive approach and sensorimotor perception that consider the tool as an artifact configuring the interaction between the user and the task, in two modes the “put down” mode and the “in hand” mode. From this point of view, we have found that the commonly used cognitive memory model ignores the role of interaction with the external world in the formation of the memory, and consequently ignores the “in hand” dimension of the artifacts in one memory construction. Therefore, we complete this model with the embodied memory, which gives us a new perspective to design an appropriate memory tool that serves as a supplementation of our perceptual system. Finally, the design principles in human-computer interaction and UX helped us build a tool and conduct an experimental plan highlighting the link between changes in perception conditions and changes in the dynamics of interaction. As a conclusion, the research problem is introduced in terms of how we can provide users with a relevant context to recommit to resolving a task after interruption. The design proposal needs to be explored, designed and evaluated. The first experiment, the exploratory study, analyzes the perception of interactive applications by experienced designers. This study helped us construct a vocabulary of evaluation of the design for a memory supplementation support and guided us for the design considering these criteria. In the second experiment, we develop a tool based on a function that we call the “history path”, which permits to show, in a specific window of the user interface, some of the steps of a previous task resolution that a user has performed during previous experience (or to simulate a resolution task interruption). We set up a simple (minimalist) experiment simulating a problem-solving task, which was recorded to evaluate the extent to which a history path support can help the user for efficient recovering of an interrupted task. The first part of this experiment allows us to confirm the potential use of this function and helps us explore the design space. In the second part, we experiment two different tools, based on two history path representations, a static one and a dynamic one. The evaluation results allow us to understand the technical conditions of a positive experience for which task recovery is facilitated. In this second experiment, several means for recording the user experience were mobilized: the evaluation of the durations and gaze frequencies on area of interest in the interface window by eye tracking, the recording of the verbalizations during the RTA (Retrospective Think Aloud) session, and the semantic evaluation
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PARK, SEUNG YIL. "A GENERALIZED INTELLIGENT PROBLEM SOLVING SYSTEM BASED ON A RELATIONAL MODEL FOR KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION (SUPPORT SYSTEMS, EXPERT, DECISION AIDS)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183779.
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Over the past decade, two types of decision aids, i.e., decision support systems (DSS) and expert systems (ES), have been developed along parallel paths, showing some significant differences in their software architectures, capabilities, limitations, and other characteristics. The synergy of DSS and ES, however, has great potential for helping make possible a generalized approach to developing a decision aid that is powerful, intelligent, and friendly. This research establishes a framework for such decision aids in order to determine the elementary components and their interactions. Based on this framework, a generalized intelligent problem solving system (GIPSS) is deveolped as a decision aid generator. A relational model is designed to provide a unified logical view of each type of knowledge including factual data, modeling knowledge, and heuristic rules. In this knowledge model, a currently existing relational DBMS, with some extension, is utilized to manage each type of knowledge. For this purpose a relational resolution inference mechanism has been devised. A prototype GIPSS has been developed based on this framework. Two domain specific decision aids, COCOMO which estimates software development effort and cost, and CAPO which finds optimal process organization, have been implemented by using the GIPSS as a decision aid generator, demonstrating such features as its dynamic modeling capabilities and learning capabilities.
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Pflanz, Mark. "Addressing the Reliability and Life Cycle Cost Analysis Problem for Technology and System Developers Early in the DoD System Development Process." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46185.
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Early in the process of developing or upgrading new weapon systems, Department of Defense (DoD) system and technology developers are faced with decisions regarding which technologies are appropriate for inclusion into the conceptual design. To reduce risk and improve decision making, system and technology developers need a capability to assess the impact of technology reliability on the attributable Operating and Support (O&S) cost of the system. Early understanding of the reliability implications of potential technologies on system O&S cost will help make better informed decisions early in the system development timeline, prior to points of design lock-in. Using a Marine Corps case study and a system dynamics simulation model, this thesis examines the nature of the relationship between component reliability and attributable changes in O&S cost. This thesis also develops a potential analysis methodology repeatable for future use. The modeling results indicate that this relationship is best described as exponential decay, meaning that the savings in O&S cost per system mile is proportional for any fixed incremental change in component reliability. We find these results to be insensitive to changes in preventative maintenance policies, maintenance deferment ratios, and component replacement cost. We completed verification and validation using the case study and existing Marine Corps systems, finding good association between the modeling results and the actual system. This analysis is valuable to the system and technology developer by helping to answer the question: "how reliable is reliable enough in terms of O&S cost" when considering technologies with uncertainties in long-term performance.Master of Science
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Dulaney, Shannon Kay. "Cedar Middle School's Response to Intervention Journey: A Systematic, Multi-Tier, Problem-Solving Approach to Program Implementation." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/538.
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The purpose of the present study was to record Cedar Middle School's (CMS) response to intervention implementation journey. It is a qualitative case study that examines one school's efforts to bring school improvements under the response to inventory (RtI) umbrella in order to achieve a more systematic approach to providing high-quality educational services to every student enrolled at CMS. Participants included the 10 members of the school's Student Success Team along with the principal and assistant principal. The recorded journey included: (a) a description of the RtI consensus and infrastructure-building processes, (b) an exploration of the SST perceptions of school-wide intervention efforts both past and present, (c) a review of the school's accomplishments and the barriers to implementation encountered, and (d) the implications for further school improvement efforts and research. Participants submitted to interviews, observations, and focus group meetings. Although the purpose of the study was not to measure program effectiveness, preliminary data are included that report the school's efforts toward systems change was helpful for students and is having a positive effect on student performance in reading comprehension. Participants were also able to share anecdotal evidence of increased student motivation and other behavioral changes that were natural consequences of their efforts. This evidence is reported in the narrative found in Chapters IV and V. Conclusions were based on participant input, recorded measures, and analyses conducted as part of the present study. Cautions were also discussed, including the limitations and delimitations. Finally, implications of the present study were provided for RtI and the field of schoolwide systematic interventions and support.
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Hassani, Aydin. "Implementering av nytt IT-system i en större organisation : Möjligheter och problem ur ett användarperspektiv." Thesis, KTH, Lärande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-228546.
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Denna studie är baserad på en organisationsförändring inom Länsförsäkringsgruppen. Länsförsäkringar består av 23 lokala och självständiga försäkringsbolag som är verksamma under samma varumärke. Genom att införa ett gemensamt arbetssätt på samtliga länsförsäkringsbolagen för reglering av byggskador som är kopplat till stödsystemet Meps 2.0 avsågs att öka kundnöjdheten. Det övergripande syftet med studien är att undersöka vad som kan läras och förstås av användarnas perspektiv, i detta fall skadereglerarna, om möjligheter och hinder för lärande av nya arbetssätt i samband med implementering av nytt IT-system. Att förstå på vilka sätt personalens erfarenheter kan komma till användning för utveckling av ett gemensamt arbetssätt i en organisation är ett ytterligare syfte med undersökningen. I denna undersökning genomförs en enkätundersökning som bildar underlag för fallstudier på två utvalda länsförsäkringsbolag. Fallstudier består av individuella intervjuer med en gruppchef och tre medarbetare på länsförsäkringsbolagen samt observationer av informanterna. Insamlad data bearbetas och analyseras med koppling till litteratur och genom tematisk analys som metod. Resultaten visar att strukturer tillsammans med relationella och sociala aspekter har en väsentlig roll för att genomföra en lyckad förändring inom en organisation. Vikten av människors aktiva delaktighet i förändringsarbeten understryks och det hittas nödvändigt att de involverade människorna är med på vad en viss förändring innebär och varför den behövs. Vidare visar de uppnådda resultaten att Communities of practice med fördel kan tillämpas inom en organisation för att dra nytta av kollektivets styrka i olika områden och för att kunna utveckla nya kulturella resurser som nya sätt arbeta på i en organisation.This study is based on an organizational change within the Länsförsäkringar group. Länsförsäkringar consists of 23 local and independent insurance companies operating under the same brand. By introducing a joint work method for settlement of building damages which is related to the support system Meps 2.0 to all insurance companies inside the group, it was intended to increase customer satisfaction. The overall aim of the study is to investigate what can be learned and understood from the users' perspectives, in this case the claims adjusters, about opportunities and obstacles for learning new ways of working in connection with the implementation of a new IT system. Understanding the ways in which staff experiences can be used to develop a common way of working in an organization is a further purpose of the study. In this study, a survey is conducted which forms the basis for case studies on two selected companies inside Länsförsäkringar group. Case studies consist of individual interviews with a group manager and three employees at each company as well as observations of the informants. Empirical data is processed and analyzed regarding literature and through thematic analysis as a method. The results show that structures together with relational and social aspects play an important role in implementing successful change in an organization. The importance of people's active involvement in a change is emphasized and it is found necessary that the people involved understand what a certain change means and why it is needed. Furthermore, the results achieved show that Communities of Practice can be used in an organization to benefit from the strengths of the community in different areas and to develop new cultural resources like new ways of working in an organization.
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Zavichi, Tork Amir. "A real-time crane service scheduling decision support system (CSS-DSS) for construction tower cranes." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6041.
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The success of construction projects depends on proper use of construction equipment and machinery to a great extent. Thus, appropriate planning and control of the activities that rely on construction equipment could have significant effects on improving the efficiency of project operations. Cranes are the largest and most conspicuous construction equipment, widely used in typical construction sites. They play a major role in relocation of materials in horizontal and vertical directions on construction sites. Given the nature of activities relying on construction cranes in various stages of a project, cranes normally have control over the critical path of the project with the potential to create schedule bottlenecks and delaying the completion of the project. This dissertation intends to improve crane operations efficiency by developing a new framework for optimizing crane service sequence schedule. The crane service sequence problem is mathematically formulated as an NP-complete optimization problem based on the well-known Travel Salesman Problem (TSP) and is solved using different optimization techniques depending on the problem's size and complexity. The proposed framework sets the basis for developing near-real time decision support tools for on-site optimization of crane operations sequence. To underline the value of the proposed crane sequence optimization methods, these methods are employed to solve several numerical examples. Results show that the proposed method can create a travel time saving of 28% on average in comparison with conventional scheduling methods such as First in First out (FIFO), Shortest Job First (SJF), and Earliest Deadline First (EDF).Ph.D.
Doctorate
Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Civil Engineering
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Fourie, Christoff. "A one-class object-based system for sparse geographic feature identification." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6666.
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Thesis (MSc (Geography and Environmental Studies))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The automation of information extraction from earth observation imagery has become a field of active research. This is mainly due to the high volumes of remotely sensed data that remain unused and the possible benefits that the extracted information can provide to a wide range of interest groups. In this work an earth observation image processing system is presented and profiled that attempts to streamline the information extraction process, without degradation of the quality of the extracted information, for geographic object anomaly detection. The proposed system, implemented as a software application, combines recent research in automating image segment generation and automatically finding statistical classifier parameters and attribute subsets using evolutionary inspired search algorithms. Exploratory research was conducted on the use of an edge metric as a fitness function to an evolutionary search heuristic to automate the generation of image segments for a region merging segmentation algorithm having six control parameters. The edge metric for such an application is compared with an area based metric. The use of attribute subset selection in conjunction with a free parameter tuner for a one class support vector machine (SVM) classifier, operating on high dimensional object based data, was also investigated. For common earth observation anomaly detection problems using typical segment attributes, such a combined free parameter tuning and attribute subset selection system provided superior statistically significant results compared to a free parameter tuning only process. In some extreme cases, due to the stochastic nature of the search algorithm employed, the free parameter only strategy provided slightly better results. The developed system was used in a case study to map a single class of interest on a 22.5 x 22.5km subset of a SPOT 5 image and is compared with a multiclass classification strategy. The developed system generated slightly better classification accuracies than the multiclass classifier and only required samples from the class of interest.
AFIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die outomatisering van die verkryging van inligting vanaf aardwaarnemingsbeelde het in sy eie reg 'n navorsingsveld geword as gevolg van die groot volumes data wat nie benut word nie, asook na aanleiding van die moontlike bydrae wat inligting wat verkry word van hierdie beelde aan verskeie belangegroepe kan bied. In hierdie tesis word 'n aardwaarneming beeldverwerkingsstelsel bekend gestel en geëvalueer. Hierdie stelsel beoog om die verkryging van inligting van aardwaarnemingsbeelde te vergemaklik deur verbruikersinteraksie te minimaliseer, sonder om die kwaliteit van die resultate te beïnvloed. Die stelsel is ontwerp vir geografiese voorwerp anomalie opsporing en is as 'n sagteware program geïmplementeer. Die program kombineer onlangse navorsing in die gebruik van evolusionêre soek-algoritmes om outomaties goeie beeldsegmente te verkry en parameters te vind, sowel as om kenmerke vir 'n statistiese klassifikasie van beeld segmente te selekteer. Verkennende navorsing is gedoen op die benutting van 'n rand metriek as 'n passings funksie in 'n evolusionêre soek heuristiek om outomaties goeie parameters te vind vir 'n streeks kombinering beeld segmentasie algoritme met ses beheer parameters. Hierdie rand metriek word vergelyk met 'n area metriek vir so 'n toepassing. Die nut van atribuut substel seleksie in samewerking met 'n vrye parameter steller vir 'n een klas steun vektor masjien (SVM) klassifiseerder is ondersoek op hoë dimensionele objek georiënteerde data. Vir algemene aardwaarneming anomalie opsporings probleme met 'n tipiese segment kenmerk versameling, het so 'n stelsel beduidend beter resultate as 'n eksklusiewe vrye parameter stel stelsel gelewer in sommige uiterste gevalle. As gevolg van die stogastiese aard van die soek algoritme het die eksklusiewe vrye parameter stel strategie effens beter resultate gelewer. Die stelsel is getoets in 'n gevallestudie waar 'n enkele klas op 'n 22.5 x 22.5km substel van 'n SPOT 5 beeld geïdentifiseer word. Die voorgestelde stelsel, wat slegs monsters van die gekose klas gebruik het, het beter klassifikasie akkuraathede genereer as die multi klas klassifiseerder.
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Pelixo, Dário Miguel da Silva. "CPPS-3D: a methodology to support cyber physical production systems design, development and deployment." Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal. Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Setúbal, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/31368.
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Master’s dissertation in Production EngineeringCyber-Physical Production Systems are widely recognized as the key to unlock the full potential benefits of the Industry 4.0 paradigm. Cyber-Physical Production Systems Design, Development and Deployment methodology is a systematic approach in assessing necessities, identifying gaps and then designing, developing and deploying solutions to fill such gaps. It aims to support and drive enterprise’s evolution to the new working environment promoted by the availability of Industry 4.0 paradigms and technologies while challenged by the need to increment a continuous improvement culture. The proposed methodology considers the different dimensions within enterprises related with their levels of organization, competencies and technology. It is a two-phased sequentially-stepped process to enable discussion, reflection/reasoning, decision-making and action-taking towards evolution. The first phase assesses an enterprise across its Organizational, Technological and Human dimensions. The second phase establishes sequential tasks to successfully deploy solutions. Is was applied to a production section at a Portuguese enterprise with the development of a new visual management system to enable shop floor management. This development is presented as an example of Industry 4.0 technology and it promotes a faster decision-making, better production management, improved data availability as well as fosters more dynamic workplaces with enhanced reactivity to problems.
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Sanchez, Sindy. "Evaluating Check-In Check-Out with Peer Tutors for Children with Attention Maintained Problem Behaviors." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4762.
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An educational framework known as School Wide Positive Behavior Support being implemented in school systems across the country provides the schools with three tiers of support to address both academic and behavior challenges. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of peer tutors when applied to a Tier 2 intervention known as Check-In Check-Out (CICO). Peer tutors performed the morning check-in with the tutees by setting the expectations for the day and giving the tutees their Daily Progress Report (DPR) form. Throughout the day, the tutees took the DPR form to each class where they received a score from the teacher. At the end of the class period, the peer tutors provided the tutees with feedback on the scores received on the DPR form. Once the school day finished, the peer tutees checked-out with the tutors and received a reward if they met their percentage goal. The results of this study showed that CICO implemented by peers improved classroom behavior for all three participants.
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Mejri, Hinda. "Un système d’aide à la régulation d’un réseau de transport multimodal perturbé : réponse au problème de congestion." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECLI0008/document.
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Les réseaux de transport se sont amplifiés par l’accroissement du nombre des véhicules et des stations ainsi que l’apparition de nouvelles notions essentiellement la multimodalité et l’intermodalité. Ainsi, la tâche de gestion des réseaux de transport collectif est devenue très complexe et difficile pour les régulateurs. Pour faire face à ces difficultés, on note le développement des systèmes d’aide à la décision comme solution efficace de régulation de la circulation. Ils permettent de transmettre en temps réel les informations concernant le trafic sur les réseaux de transport.Notre travail se base sur la conception d’un système de régulation des réseaux de transport multimodal. Il peut se révéler comme un outil primordial pour apporter des solutions efficaces et en temps réel à la problématique de la congestion routière. Il peut communiquer l’information nécessaire à l’usager afin de prendre sa décision de déplacement avec ou sans sa voiture. Le système proposé est une approche hybride entre une modélisation par graphes du réseau et un système multi-agents. Ceci sera appuyé par une approche évolutionniste pour la génération d’une solution de régulation optimale. Ce choix est justifié par le caractère ouvert, distribué et complexe des réseaux de transport multimodalTransport networks have been amplified by the increasing number of vehicles and stations and the emergence of new concepts essentially multimodal and intermodal. Thus, the task of managing public transport systems has become very complex and difficult for regulators.To cope with these difficulties, there is the development of systems decision support as an effective solution to traffic control. They can transmit real-time traffic information on transport networks. Our work is based on designing a control system of multimodal transport networks. It may be as an essential tool for effective solutions and real-time to the problem of traffic congestion. It can provide the necessary information to the user in making its decision to move with or without his car. The proposed system is a hybrid between a graph modeling the network and a multi-agent system. This will be supported by an evolutionary approach for generating an optimal control solution. This is justified by the open, distributed and complex network of multimodal transport
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Baghaei, Nilufar. "A collaborative constraint-based intelligent system for learning object-oriented analysis and design using UML." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Computer Science and Software Engineering, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1204.
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Web-based collaborative learning is becoming an increasingly popular educational paradigm as more individuals who are geographically isolated seek higher education. As such students do not meet face to face with their peers and teachers, support for collaboration becomes extremely important. Successful collaboration means asking questions to gain a better understanding of the main concepts, elaborating and justifying opinions and sharing and explaining ideas. When group members' combined skills are sufficient to complete the learning task, effective group work can result in greater overall achievement than individual learning. Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) have been shown to be highly effective at increasing students' performance and motivation. They achieve their intelligence by representing pedagogical decisions about how to teach as well as information about the learner. Constraint based tutors are a class of ITSs that use Constraint-based Modelling(CBM) to represent student and domain models. Proposed by Ohlsson, CBM is based on learning from performance errors, and focuses on correct knowledge. In this thesis, we present COLLECT-UML, a collaborative constraint-based ITS that teaches object-oriented analysis and design using Unified Modelling Language (UML). While teaching how to design UML class diagrams, COLLECT-UML also provides feedback on collaboration. Being a constraint-based tutor, COLLECT-UML represents the domain knowledge as a set of syntax and semantic constraints. However, it is the first system to also represent a higher-level skill such as collaboration using the same formalism. We started by developing a single-user ITS that supported students in learning UML class diagrams. The system was evaluated in a real classroom, and the results showed that students' performance increased significantly. We then extended the system to provide support for collaboration as well as domain-level support. The enhancement process included implementation of the shared workspace, modification of the pedagogical module to support groups of users, designing and implementing a group-modelling component, and developing a set of meta-constraints which are used to represent an ideal model of collaboration. The effectiveness of the system was evaluated in two studies. In addition to improved problem-solving skills, the participants both acquired declarative knowledge about effective collaboration and did collaborate more effectively. The participants enjoyed working with the system and found it a valuable asset to their learning. The results, therefore, show that CBM is an effective technique for modelling and supporting collaboration in computer-supported collaborative learning environments.
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Dias, Henrique Jorge Carvalho. "Escalonamento de equipas de enfermagem de acordo com a previsão das necessidades de serviço." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2874.
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Mestrado em Decisão Económica e EmpresarialEste projecto procura criar um sistema de apoio à decisão para afectação de equipas de enfermagem, constituídas por Enfermeiros, e atribuição de escalas de serviço. O objectivo deste sistema é o de auxiliar o responsável pelo escalonamento destas equipas. A experiência adquirida ao longo do tempo pelo responsável do escalonamento permitiu verificar que existe uma quantidade mínima de efectivos para assegurar os serviços mínimos. Por outro lado, uma das maiores dificuldades é a racionalização destes recursos, de modo a reduzir o sobredimensionamento das equipas de enfermagem que por vezes ocorre, evitando recursos sem tarefas atribuídas. Neste âmbito, desenvolveu-se um sistema baseado em folhas de cálculo Excel da Microsoft, criando-se um sistema de suporte à decisão, disponível em todos os sistemas informáticos existentes no hospital, com vista à obtenção de uma lista de elementos escalados para o serviço do dia seguinte, que optimize os custos e a equidade na distribuição das nomeações. Na primeira fase do estudo, determinam-se as necessidades de recursos de enfermagem, mediante o tipo de doentes e a gravidade das doenças apresentadas. No hospital em análise coexistem enfermeiros com várias situações contratuais. Os enfermeiros efectivos, e os enfermeiros em regime de prestação de serviços, que, por sua vez, se subdividem nos que têm carga horária contratada de 20 horas e nos que são remunerados de acordo com as horas efectuadas. Sendo a estes últimos que se recorre para cobrir necessidades não previstas, tal como se estivessem de prevenção, são estes os enfermeiros objecto do corrente estudo, formando o que se designa por pool de enfermeiros. Na segunda fase do estudo, realiza-se o escalonamento das equipas de enfermeiros da pool, optimizado de acordo com o levantamento de necessidades previamente efectuado. A abordagem efectuada passou por tratar o problema de revisão diária de escalas como um problema de transportes, onde a pool de enfermeiros é encarada como a oferta e a necessidade de enfermeiros nos turnos nos serviços como a procura, pretendendo-se minimizar os custos globais. Verificou-se uma redução de custo relativo à composição das equipas de enfermagem, em relação ao método vigente na unidade hospitalar.
This project seeks the creation of a decision support system to allocate nursing teams consisting of nurses and assignment rosters. The purpose of this system was designed in order to assist the responsible operator on the scheduling of those teams. The experience gained over time by the person responsible for the escalation brought the conclusion that there is a minimal amount of staff in order to ensure minimum services. Moreover, the major difficulty found was the rationalization of resources to achieve the reduction of the excessive size of the nursing teams, which sometimes occurs, avoiding resources without allocated tasks. In this context, it was developed a system based on Microsoft Excel spreadsheets, thus creating a decision support system available in all computer systems in the hospital with a view to obtaining a list of items scheduled for the service the next day, to optimize the cost and equitable distribution of appointments. In the first phase of the problem it was determined the needs of nursing resources by the type of patients and severity of illness appearance. In the first phase of the study, determining the needs of nursing resources by the type of patients and severity of illness appear. In the hospital nurses analysis coexist with various contractual situations. Staff nurses, and nurses through the provision of services, which, in turn, are divided on those who contracted workload of 20 hours and who are paid according to hours worked. Since the latter recourse is made to cover unforeseen needs as if they were to prevent, these nurses are the subject of current study, forming what is known as the pool of nurses. In the second phase it was carried out the scheduling of these teams, optimized according to the assessment necessities carried out previously. This approach has made a deal with the problem of daily review of scales regarding it as a transportation problem, where the pool of nurses is considered as the supply, the demand being the need for nurses in shifts in services, having in mind the minimization of global costs. After all, the author realized that there was a cost reduction on the composition of nursing teams in relation to the existing method at the hospital unit.
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Barco, Santa Andrés Felipe. "Constraint-based design : two-dimensional insulating panels configuration." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EMAC0006/document.
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Les travaux de recherche présentés dans cette thèse se situent dans une problématique d’aide à la conception d’enveloppes isolantes pour la rénovation thermique de bâtiments résidentiels collectifs. Ces enveloppes isolantes sont composées de panneaux multifonctionnels rectangulaires, configurables et préfabriqués en usine. Leur conception repose sur les cinq caractéristiques suivantes. Premièrement, le nombre de panneaux nécessaires pour concevoir une enveloppe ainsi que leur taille respective ne sont pas connus au début de la rénovation (mais leur taille est cependant bornée). Deuxièmement, en raison des contraintes de fabrication, chaque fenêtre et chaque porte présentes sur la façade à rénover doivent être insérées dans un et un seul panneau. Troisièmement, les panneaux sont fixés à des endroits spécifiques de la façade, assez résistants pour supporter leur poids, nommés zones d’accroche. Quatrièmement, ni trous (zone non couverte), ni chevauchements entre panneaux ne sont autorisés. Cinquièmement, afin de garantir une isolation thermique performante tout en minimisant son coût, les enveloppes doivent être composées d’un nombre minimal de panneaux. Aux vues de la complexité de ce problème, nous restreignons nos travaux de recherche aux façades rectangulaires portant des menuiseries et des zones d’accroche rectangulaires. Compte tenu des cinq caractéristiques énoncées et de l’hypothèse de forme rectangulaire des éléments traités (panneaux, façades, menuiseries, zones d’accroche), la conception des enveloppes est à la fois un problème de découpe et de conditionnement à deux dimensions et un problème de configuration. Ce problème est formalisé et traité comme un problème de satisfaction de contraintes et a pour but d’aider la conception dédites enveloppes isolantes. En tant que tel, les travaux de cette thèse présentent deux contributions majeures. En raison des caractéristiques originales du problème de calepinage de façades, sa description et sa formalisation comme un problème de satisfaction de contraintes constituent la première contribution de ces travaux de thèse. Deuxièmement, les solutions algorithmiques basées sur les contraintes constituent notre seconde contribution. En particulier, ces travaux de thèse présentent deux solutions manuelles et trois automatiques pour le problème de conception d’enveloppes isolantesThe research presented in this thesis falls within the problem of supporting the design of thermal insulating envelopes for the renovation of collective residential buildings. These insulating envelopes are composed of rectangular multi-functional panels, configurable and prefabricated in the factory. Their design is based on the following five characteristics. First, the number of panels needed to design an envelope and their size are not known at the beginning of the renovation (but their size is however bounded). Second, because of manufacturing constraints, every window and every door present on the facade to be renovated must be inserted into one and only one panel. Third, panels are attached to specific areas of the facade strong enough to support their weight, called supporting areas. Fourth, neither holes (uncovered area) or overlapping between panels are allowed. Fifth, to ensure efficient thermal insulation while minimizing cost, envelopes should be composed of a minimum number of panels. In view of the complexity of this problem, we restrict our research to rectangular facades with rectangular joinery and supporting areas. Given the five stated characteristics and the assumption of rectangular elements (panels, facades, joinery, supporting areas), the envelopes design is both a two-dimensional Cutting & Packing problem as well as a configuration one. This problem is formalized and treated as a constraint satisfaction problem and aims to support the design of such insulating structures. As such, the thesis presents two major contributions. Given the original features of the building renovation problem, its description and its formalization as a constraint satisfaction problem are the first contribution of the work. Second, constraint-based algorithmic solution’s are our second contribution. In particular, the thesis presents two manual and three automatic solutions for the design problem of insulating envelopes
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CATELAN, RACHEL. "L'organisation spatiale d'un réseau de centres de compostage des déchets verts en zone de montagne : le cas du département de la Savoie ; conception et mise en oeuvre d'un système d'information géographique pour la gestion spatiale de nouveaux équipements publics." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10271.
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L'amelioration de la qualite du cadre de vie, les nouvelles dispositions reglementaires dictees par la loi du 13 juillet 1992 concernant les centres d'enfouissement technique. . . Augmentent considerablement les productions de dechets vegetaux. Un tel phenomene amene les collectivites a rechercher de nouvelles methodes de traitements et d'elimination. Parmi les solutions techniquement envisageables, le compostage apparait comme l'une des issues d'avenir la plus prometteuse. La creation de nouvelles unites pose des problemes d'organisation spatiale. Il s'agira de determiner le nombre, la taille des plateformes de compostage, le choix des terrains qui par leur superficie et distance aux zones d'habitation. . . Seraient susceptibles d'accueillir les nouvelles usines de compostage. Le but de la presente recherche est de construire un outil d'aide a la decision, un systeme d'information geographique qui debouche, d'une part sur une simulation des besoins, d'autre part sur des propositions d'organisation spatiale, de localisation des centres de compostage.
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Chekoubi, Zakaria. "Problème intégré de dimensionnement de lots et de tournées de véhicules avec remanufacturing des produits en fin de vie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0209.
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Dans une chaîne logistique traditionnelle, les opérations de production, de stockage et de distribution sont traitées séparément en raison de la complexité de la planification conjointe de ces opérations et le manque d'informations partagées entre les parties prenantes. Aujourd'hui, pour faire face à la concurrence féroce que connaît le marché mondial, les entreprises sont obligées de planifier conjointement ces activités afin de bénéficier des avantages économiques et environnementaux engendrés par cette intégration. Parmi les problèmes d’optimisation existants dans la littérature, le problème de la planification intégrée qui optimise conjointement les décisions de production, de gestion des stocks, de distribution et de tournées de véhicules, a récemment fait l'objet d'une attention considérable, malgré sa nature NP-difficile. En effet, ses avantages en termes de synchronisation entre les processus, de réduction des coûts et d’amélioration du niveau de service peuvent être importants. En outre, l’optimisation de ce problème dans le contexte des chaînes logistiques en boucle fermée avec gestion des Produits en Fin de Vie (PFV) conduit au développement de chaînes logistiques de plus en plus durables. De plus, les inquiétudes croissantes sur les enjeux environnementaux liés aux activités industrielles ont conduit à l'émergence de politiques de contrôle des émissions carbone. La prise en compte de ces réglementations peut conduire à un impact positif sur la responsabilité environnementale de l’entreprise. Pour répondre à ces défis, l’objectif de cette thèse consiste à concevoir des modèles et de développer des approches d’optimisation pour résoudre un problème de planification intégrée des opérations de production, de ré-usinage, de stockage et de distribution directe-inverse. Nous avons considéré une chaîne logistique en boucle fermée composée d’une ligne de production de produits neufs, d’une ligne de ré-usinage des PFV retournés, deux stocks pour les produits réutilisables et les PFV à ré-usiner, ainsi que des clients ayant des demandes dynamiques en livraison et en collecte. Le but est de déterminer les quantités optimales à produire, ré-usiner et stocker, ainsi que l’ordre de passage chez les clients afin de satisfaire leurs demandes simultanément en livraison et en collecte, tout en minimisant le coût total dû aux opérations induites. Dans un premier temps, un modèle linéaire en nombres entiers est proposé pour optimiser la chaîne logistique en considérant un ou plusieurs véhicules avec capacité limitée. La deuxième partie de la thèse porte sur le développement d’une heuristique de décomposition à deux phases pour résoudre le modèle intégré étendu. La dernière partie de la thèse est consacrée à l’intégration des émissions du dioxyde de carbone dans les décisions de production, de ré-usinage, de stockage et de distribution et d'étudier le comportement des niveaux d'émissions de carbone dans le cadre de la politique de plafonnement et d'échange de droits d'émission de carbone. Des expérimentations numériques permettent de démontrer l’applicabilité et les limites de nos approchesIn a traditional supply chain, production, inventory and distribution operations are treated separately due to the complexity of jointly planning these operations and the lack of information shared among stakeholders. Today, in order to face the fierce competition in the global market, companies are forced to jointly plan these activities in order to benefit from the economic and environmental benefits generated by this integration. Among the optimization problems existing in the literature, the integrated planning problem which jointly optimizes production, inventory management, distribution and vehicle routes decisions, has recently received considerable attention, despite its NP-hardiness. Indeed, its benefits in terms of synchronization between processes, cost reduction and improved service level can be significant. In addition, the optimization of this problem in the context of closed-loop supply chains with End-of-Life Product (EOL) management leads to the development of increasingly sustainable supply chains. Furthermore, growing concerns about environmental issues linked to industrial activities have led to the emergence of policies to control carbon emissions. Taking these regulations into account can have a positive impact on the company's environmental responsibility. To meet these challenges, the objective of this thesis is to design models and develop optimization approaches to solve an integrated planning problem of production, remanufacturing, storage and direct-reverse distribution operations. We considered a closed-loop supply chain consisting of a production line for new products, a remanufacturing line for returned EOL products, two types of inventories for reusable products and EOL ones to be remanufactured, as well as customers with dynamic demands for delivery and pickups. The goal is to determine the optimal amounts to produce, remanufacture and store, as well as the order of visiting customers in order to meet their requests simultaneously for delivery and pickup, while minimizing the total cost due to the involved operations. First, a linear integer model is proposed to optimize the supply chain system by considering one or more vehicles with limited capacity. The second part of the thesis concerns the development of a two-phase decomposition heuristic to solve the extended integrated model. The last part of the thesis is devoted to the integration of carbon dioxide emissions into production, remanufacturing, inventory and distribution decisions and to study the behavior of carbon emission levels in the context of cap-and-trade policy. Numerical experiments make it possible to demonstrate the applicability and the limits of our approaches
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Cellier, Loïc. "Evitement de conflits aériens par une régulation subliminale en vitesse : modélisation & résolution via le contrôle optimal." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30194.
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À travers une approche de contrôle optimal, cette thèse de doctorat propose une étude des modèles et des techniques de résolution dans un domaine d'application propre à la gestion du trafic aérien. Motivés par la croissance des flux aériens d'une part, et les développements en théorie du contrôle optimal d'autre part, ces travaux portent sur l'analyse du problème d'évitement de conflits aériens. Cette étude permet le développement de nouvelles approches et algorithmes en vue d'aider les contrôleurs aériens dans leur tâche. Ainsi, dans le cadre du trafic aérien, afin de préserver des distances minimales de sécurité entre avions, lors de phases tactiques et de configurations des vols en-route, notre recherche se focalise sur une stratégie de régulation subliminale en vitesse (variations très réduites), pour assurer la séparation entre avions, tout en conservant leur trajectoire prédéfinie. D'une part, une méthode de résolution numérique en contrôle optimal telle que la méthode directe de tir, impliquant une discrétisation totale ou partielle du problème, transforme le problème initial en un problème en programmation non linéaire de grande taille. Ce type de méthodes peut générer des problèmes d'optimisation de grande taille numériquement di_ciles à résoudre. Suivant le nombre de variables du problème, elles peuvent s'avérer trop coûteuse en termes de temps de calculs. D'autre part, les contraintes sur les variables d'états du problème posent des di_cultés de résolution, par exemple, pour l'usage d'une méthode numérique indirecte de tir. Développant les informations caractéristiques des conflits aériens, une détection et une détermination a priori des zones de conflits permettent alors la décomposition du problème présenté de contrôle optimal en sous-problèmes plus aisés à résoudre. La résolution des sous-problèmes hors-zones peut être abordée en utilisant les conditions du principe du maximum de Pontryagin, ce qui en permet une résolution e_cace. Une combinaison de méthodes numériques directes de tir et d'application des conditions du principe du maximum de Pontryagin est proposée, et des implémentations numériques valident ce type d'approcheThe purpose of this doctoral thesis is to study models and solution techniques based on optimal control approaches to address air tra_c management problems. Motivated by the growth of air tra_c volume, and by the advances in optimal control theory, this research works focus on analysing aircraft conflict avoidance problem. This study allows development of new approaches and algorithms to help air tra_c controllers. In the framework of air tra_c management, to ensure the minimum safety distances between aircraft, in tactical phases and en-route flight configurations, this thesis focusses on a subliminal velocity regulation strategy to perform the separation, while preserving the aircraft predefined trajectories. A numerical optimal control solution approach as the direct shooting method, wherein involves a total or partial discretization of the problem, transforms the initial problem into a large scale nonlinear programming problem. This kind of methods could generate large-size optimization problems which are numerically di_cult to solve. Depending on the number of variables which involved, this approaches could be too expensive in terms of computation time. Moreover, the state-variables constraints of the problem lead to numerical di_culties, e.g., considering the indirect numerical shooting method. Tailored on aircraft conflict avoidance problems, a detection and a determination of a priori conflict zones allow the decomposition of the optimal control problem into sub-problems, easier to solve than the original one. Solving the o_-zones sub-problems can be addressed using the Pontryagin maximum principle, which allows in this case directly the solution. A combination of direct numerical shooting method and application of conditions of Pontryagin's maximum principle is proposed, and numerical experiments validate this approach
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Marques, Leandro Tolomeu. "Restabelecimento de energia em sistemas de distribuição considerando aspectos práticos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18154/tde-26072018-134924/.
Full textAbstract:
No contexto da operação de sistemas de distribuição, um dos problemas com os quais os operadores lidam frequentemente é o de restabelecimento de energia. Este problema surge na ocorrência de uma falta permanente e pode ser tratado por meio de manobras em chaves presentes na rede primária. Uma vez que tais redes operam com topologia radial, a ocorrência de uma falta pode resultar no desligamento de consumidores saudáveis. Desta maneira, o problema consiste em definir, num curto intervalo de tempo, um número mínimo de chaves que devem ser operadas a fim de isolar a falta e restaurar o máximo de consumidores saudáveis desligados. Os esforços para a obtenção de ferramentas computacionais para fornecimento de soluções para o problema de restabelecimento têm sido intensificados nos últimos anos. Isto ocorre, em especial, devido aos enormes prejuízos causados pela falta de energia às companhias de eletricidade e a toda a sociedade. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é a obtenção de um método para auxiliar o trabalho dos operadores através do fornecimento de planos adequados de restabelecimento em curtos intervalos de tempo. Os diferenciais deste método proposto são a sua capacidade de: lidar, em especial, com redes reais de grande porte com reduzido esforço computacional; considerar a existência de vários níveis de prioridade de atendimento entre os consumidores (note, por exemplo, que um hospital ou um centro de segurança pública devem ter maior prioridade de atendimento que um grande supermercado ou unidades residenciais) e priorizar o atendimento deles de acordo a sua prioridade; fornecer uma sequência por meio da qual as chaves possam ser operadas a fim de isolar os setores em falta e reconectar o maior número de consumidores saudáveis desligados executando-se o mínimo de manobras em chaves e priorizando os consumidores com maior prioridade; ser capaz de selecionar cargas menos prioritárias para permaneceram desligadas nas situações em que não é possível obter uma solução que restaure todas as cargas saudáveis fora de serviço; e, adicionalmente, priorizar a operação de chaves controladas remotamente, que, diferentemente das chaves controladas manualmente, podem ser operadas com menores custos e de maneira mais rápida. O método proposto consiste, de maneira sintética, na união de uma busca exaustiva aplicada localmente a um novo algoritmo evolutivo multi-objetivo em tabelas de subpopulação que faz uso de uma estrutura de dados eficiente denominada Representação Nó-Profundidade. Para avaliar a performance relativa do método proposto, simulações foram realizadas num sistema de distribuição de pequeno porte e os resultados foram comparados com os obtidos por um método de Programação Matemática. Na sequência, novos experimentos foram realizadas em diversos casos de falta na rede de distribuição da cidade de Londrina-PR e cidades adjacentes. As soluções fornecidas mostraram-se adequadas ao tratamento dos casos de falta, assim como as sequências de chaveamento associadas a elas, as quais foram capazes de priorizar o restabelecimento dos consumidores prioritários seguindo seus níveis de prioridade. Adicionalmente, estudos avaliaram a variação do tempo de processamento computacional do método proposto com a dimensão das redes de distribuições e também com o número de gerações realizadas pelo algoritmo evolutivo multi-objetivo proposto e os resultados mostraram-se satisfatórios às necessidades do problema Portanto, pode-se comprovar que o método proposto atingiu os objetivos especificados, em especial, o tratamento de aspectos práticos do problema. Além do próprio método proposto, algumas contribuições desta pesquisa são a proposição um novo algoritmo evolutivo multiobjetivo em tabelas de subpopulação e de um novo operador para manipulação de florestas de grafo armazenadas pela Representação Nó-Profundidade e voltado ao problema de restabelecimento.In the context of distribution systems operation, service restoration is one of the problems with which operators constantly deal. It arises when a permanent fault occurs and is treated trough operations in switches at primary grid. Since distribution systems are usually radial, fault occurrence turns-off healthy customers. Thereby, the service restoration problem consists in defining, in a short processing time, the minimum amount of switches that must be operated for the isolation of the fault and reconnection of the maximum amount of healthy out-of-service customers. The efforts of developing computational tools for getting solution to this problems has increased in the last years. It is, in special, due to enormous losses caused to the utilities and to the whole society. In this sense, the main objective of this research is getting a method able to help the distribution system operator\'s work through providing service restoration plans quickly. The differentials of this research are its ability to: deal, in special, with large scale grids whit a reduced computational effort; consider costumers of several priority levels (note, for instance, a hospital has a higher supply priority in relation to a big supermarket) and prioritize the higher priority customers; provide a switching sequence able to isolate and reconnect the maximum amount of healthy out-of-service customer by the minimum amount of switching actions; select lower priority customers to keep out-of-service in order to reconnect higher priority customers when a it is not possible to restore all customers; and, additionally, prioritize switching operation in remotely controlled switches, whose operation is faster and cheapest than the operation of manually controlled switches. The proposed method mixes a local exhaustive search and a new multi-objective evolutionary algorithm in subpopulation tables that uses a data structure named Node-Depth Encoding. For evaluating the relative performance of proposed method, simulations were performed in small distribution systems and the performance was compared with the performance a Mathematical Programing method from literature. New experiments were performed a Mathematical Programing method from literature. New experiments were performed in several fault situations in the real and large-scale distribution system of Londrina-PR and adjacent cities. The solutions provided were appropriated to the treatment of such contingency situations. The same occurs with the switching sequences provided, which were able to prioritize the restoration of higher priority customers. Additional studies evaluated the variation of the running time with the size of grids and with the values adopted for the maximum number of generations of the evolutionary algorithm (which is an input parameter). The results expressed the running time of the proposed method is suitable to the problem needs. Therefore, it could be proved the proposed method achieved the specified objectives, in special, the treatment of practical aspects of the problem. Besides the proposed method, some contributions of this research are proposition of a new multi-objective evolutionary algorithm in subpopulation tables and a new reproduction operator to manipulate graph forests computationally represented by Node-Depth Encoding.
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Huang, Yu-Shu, and 黃玉樹. "A Study of an Evolutionary Portfolio Decision Support System." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06423033720936466446.
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碩士輔仁大學
資訊管理學系
97
In the past two years, during 2007 to 2008, the bad loan caused by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac in U.S.A., impacts to the global financial market continually, the international economy environment gets worse and worse. Governments and Central Banks of various countries lead the rates drop and try to create more programs to save the global economy. Loan storm, financial tsunami, tide of enterprises’ layoffs, and possible deflation question in the future, etc., increase unknown factors to the global financial system undoubtedly. These waves of financial tsunami caused more than ten trillion and 300 billion NT dollars lose in 2008, market value of Taiwan’s stock is shrinking about 48.28%, and this is just only initiate iceberg corner of disaster of global financial. Social structure is changing, the “Model M Society” proposed by Ohmae Kenichi, the question comes out more conspicuously under these waves of financial tsunami. The book “Let money oneself flow and come in” written by Guang Chen and Jing-Fu Chang, refer to: To the rich people, the money is “the assets”, bringing investment and creating the wealth; as to the poor people, the function of money is just a tool for surviving. How to do a good job regarding risk evaluation and planning of assets arrangement about investment financing in the deceitful free market? It is obviously an important topic to seek the best investment financing target. There are too many tools of investment financing, this research mainly regards “Mutual Fund”. A large amount of fast changing and complicated information of global market, the investors would not integrate and judge its with limited time, resource and intelligence. The investors are with less and less resources to deal the huge information. This is the reason why mutual fund is more and more popular. Mutual fund is operated by professional managers with higher abilities of information collecting, studying and judgment relatively to personal investors. He or she also needs to consider the double characteristics of “better remuneration” and “lower investment risk” at the same time in its information. The number of mutual funds in the world is over 50,000 and still under growth so far. Because fund kinds are numerous, the ones that involved the regional countries and investment targets are so extensive. Although the general fund evaluation reports’ content is very professional and huge, investors may not refer such reports because of the difficult to obtain or read less. The global risk of investment market is increased day by day. How tools for managing investment financing including planning, proposing, operating and dispersing by risk evaluation to gain maximum investment revenue. This research would propose a “Multi-objectives Fund Portfolio Decision Model” to evaluate the numerous factors that impact to the funds selection. And, applying analytic hierarchy process to qualify experts’ suggestions and investors’ partialities, then transform these qualifications as experts’ and investors’ partial, risk and investment type. Then, build-up a prototype to assist investors to pick up their own portfolio and meet expected requirements, i.e., expectation within the range of acceptable risk and the goal of money management.
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Hoang, Nhat-Duc, and 黃日德. "Decision Support System for Construction Management Based on Evolutionary Least Squares Support Vector Machine." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77335670328796620902.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
101
Problems in the field of construction management are sophisticated, highly uncertain, and context-dependent. Thus, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) to tackle such problems can be a promising research direction. Considering the features and advantages of each AI technique, this research integrates various prevalent advanced approaches to establish a novel decision support system that utilizes Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM), Differential Evolution (DE), Adaptive Time Function (ATF), and Fuzzy Logic (FL). At the first stage, LS-SVM is incorporated with DE to create Evolutionary Least Squares Support Vector Machine Inference System (ELSIS) in which LS-SVM is utilized as a supervised learning method used for regression analysis/ classification in high dimensional space and Differential Evolution is employed to identify the optimal set of tuning parameters. At the second stage, ATF is integrated into ELSIS to establish Adaptive Time-Dependent Evolutionary Least Squares Support Vector Machine Inference System (ELSIST). In ELSIST, ATF is deployed to deal with the unbalanced nature of time series data. At the final stage, ELSIS incorporates FL to develop Evolutionary Fuzzy Least Squares Support Vector Machine Inference System (EFLSIS) in which FL aims at facilitating the system capability of approximate reasoning and coping with vague information. Experimental results obtained from system applications demonstrate that the newly established inference system can be a highly beneficial for decision-makers when solving various problems in the field of construction management.
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Tsai, Lois, and 蔡蕉蘭. "Spatial Decision Support System of freight routing problem." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39324980613791195866.
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碩士國立成功大學
交通管理(科學)學系
85
Abstract The freight routing problem（FRP）is to determine the freight route for all origin destination pairs under the available capacity on the carrier''s internal operation network to minimize the overall freight delivery cost. Examples of the FRP can be seen in time-definite carriers, parcel carriers, post office, etc. Conventionally, the FRP of time- definite carriers facing is solved by their working experiences without any advances analytic tools. However, if the operation network is more complex, the FRP will be more difficult to solve. This thesis attempts to develop a prototype of a spatial decision support system (SDSS) to help the time-definite carriers to solve their FRP. A Geographical Information System, MapInfo, is selected as the developing tool for this SDSS. The main core of the SDSS, the model subsystem, is designed to have some options for users, either some routes determined by users and the other by the freight routing optimization model, or all routes determined on the optimization model. The algorithms for the freight routing models are also developed. The models and their algorithms are tested by a real-world case. The performance of the model subsystem as well as the SDSS seems promising.
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Chao, Shih-Liang, and 趙時樑. "Study on Decision Support System for Container Allocation Problem." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26286131047967066099.
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碩士國立成功大學
交通管理(科學)學系
82
Container transportation currently plays a key role in freight transportation. The major reasen is that container is suitable for intermodel transportation. It is widely accepted by shippers and carriers. Therefore, how to provide empty containers for shippers efficiently has become an important issue to carriers. The above issue which time aspect is taken into account can be formulated as a dynamic container allocation (DCA) model by making use of Dynamic Network. However, the DCA model is usually a large-scale model when more ports, lines, and container types are involved. To release the burden of formulating the large- scale model and editing, displaying corresponding data, this research makes an attempt to develop a decision support system (DSS) for the DCA model. The core of the DSS, the DCA model, takes container size (20''/40''), ownership (owned/ leased), turn-around time and liner schedule into consideration. Furthermore, a Geographic Information System, TransCAD, is selected as the operating environment of the DSS. This operating environment can be served as the integration of the DCA model and the corresponding database, and the friendly interface among users, model-solving procedures, and graphics-displaying procedures. The contributions of this research are as follows : 1. Formulating a DCA model for a near sea shipping liner service. 2. Developing a prototype DSS to processing the model-solving procedure and displaying results in graphics mode.
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Lee, Yu-Jen, and 李裕仁. "Evolutionary Algorithms Enhanced Support Vector Machines for State Identification of a Power System." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51322221682828160150.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
電機工程學系碩博士班
93
In this thesis, the method of Support Vector Machines (SVM) is proposed to identify the operation state of a 30-bus power system. In view of difference among measured data found at each bus, an integrated approach has been proposed for the training of each SVM distributed at each bus as well as the tuning of corresponding parameters, anticipating that the data identification performance can be largely improved. In such a method, it begins with the employment of grid search such that each model formulated through the collected data and related parameters can be better evaluated, hence justifying the near-optimal solution and determining an appropriate area for a further search. This is followed by the application of evolutionary algorithms for the search of SVM within the aforementioned area. Meanwhile, in order to decrease the training time, an incremental learning method was utilized to facilitate the training process, while a decremental unlearning was employed to perform the leave-one-out (LOO) cross-validation. Through the results obtained from the tested made in this thesis, the outcome is found to demonstrate a highly improved performance that is deemed beneficial for power system operation and control.
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Jheng, Bin Chen, and 鄭彬辰. "A Two-Phase Decision Support System for Optimizing the Steel Roll Cutting Problem." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25871429976990677150.
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碩士東海大學
工業工程與經營資訊學系
99
Steel industry, which is regarded as both capital and technology-intensive industry, is the basic industry for national infrastructure. Among this field, the cutting technology relatively plays an important role. However, most of the cutting operation is processed manually in accordance with the rule of thumb, that is, the experience, subjective consciousness, and habit of the operator – this factor causes the material usage rate to drop, and therefore produces lots of residual material. In this study, the issue of producing residual material during the process of steel cutting is widely discussed. Through investigating on steel cutting procedure, this research aims at examining the factors, which might generate the residual material, constructing the mathematical models, which are suitable for steel cutting, and using efficient computational methods to get the optimizing cutting model, which is able to reduce the amount of residual material. Furthermore, in order to put the cutting mode of this research into practice, a framework of decision support system, which conforms to the current operation, would be proposed. This system would instantaneously provide the references of strategic decision on the aspects of order-taking and schedule-making for manager. In consideration of the instantaneity of decision making in real practice, the system is suggested using the best-fit-decreasing heuristic method to process in order to enhance the efficiency of planning decision-making. Via applying the decision support system of this research, manager not only can effectively control and manage the cutting operation, but also assist manager to make the most appropriate decision as taking orders and planning production schedules, and acquire a more practical way to solve the problem of metal cutting that has been impeding the improvement in this field, and thus enhance the industrial technology.
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Li, Hsiao-Ping, and 李筱萍. "The Study of Creativity Support System on the Effectiveness of Creativity Problem Solving Training." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12597485591877473399.
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碩士國立中興大學
企業管理學系研究所
92
Companies are relying on their employees’ creativities and problem-solving skills to devise genuine solutions to deal with the ever changing business environments. Past researches have shown that CPS training has positive effects on member’s creativity. There are also studies shown that the use of Creativity Support System (CSS) increases the creative performance of members. The object of this study is the college student of Department of Information Management in one Institute of Technology located in mid Taiwan who major in the course of management. Then we discuss the impacts of CPS training and CSS on the performance of creativity by using long-term longitudinal study and two-way ANOVA analyses to perform experiment. Additionally, we make an extended observation about the effectiveness of CSS as supporting for CPS training. This study has shown that CPS training can improve student’s creative thinking ability and problem solving ability, and CSS also can improve student’s problem solving ability. The results suggest that after accepting CPS traning, members will possess the concept of CPS process, complete problem discussion more easily by the principle of CPS steps, and think more completely. After CPS training, if we provide a network communication platform for users to take immediate record in the process of creative thinking. Then users can produce more creative ideas aimed at problems by sharing. In other words, traditional CPS training is still indispensable. After training, we should provide team members with CSS to extend problem discussion, and increase the number of ideas and improve the quality of ideas by unrestricted mutual discussion.
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PAI-LU, WANG, and 王百祿. "An Empirical Study of Volunteer Assignment Problem in an Elder Care Management Support System." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33512066605156158794.
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碩士輔仁大學
資訊管理學系
92
This study not only developed a prototype of an elder health-care management information system, but also the system first integrated a volunteer assignment decision support system on Internet. This study then built a simple prototype of web-based elder health-care management support system (WEHMSS) under the development of evolutionary prototyping. The prototype should be a foundation of all elder-care information systems for government assigning volunteers to public and private elder-care centers. Moreover, the empirical example is the Social Affairs Bureau of Taipei County Government, and the platform of the prototype was developed by using an Internet development tool, MS ASP, for coordinating the operations of all elder-care centers. In fact, on-line analytic processing (OLAP) and statistical analysis from data warehouse, analytic hierarchy process (AHP), geography information system (GIS), etc. provide all related parameters and data for solving the volunteer assignment problem. Since the problem is NP-hard even for single objective, the optimal solutions of small-sized problems are solved by the weighting method and the famous business software, Lingo, in the prototype. For large-sized problems, a heuristic algorithm was developed for obtaining good enough or satisfactory solutions. Experimental results show that the heuristics performs very well, and the heuristic solution can be obtained in a short time and its objective vale is close to the upper bound of the optimal solution or even equals the optimal solution. Finally, managerial analyses are derived from the results of operations and their decision making of the prototype, such that more managerial guidelines and improved suggestions for each customer characteristics of all elder-care centers can be provided for the references of decision making and the foundation of future research.
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Cheng, Yu-Wei, and 鄭有為. "Design of a Pen-Based System to Support Peer Assessment of Mathematics Problem Solving." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84720050755423674624.
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碩士國立中央大學
網路學習科技研究所
98
With the trend of educational reform, formal education does not mean passively memorizing facts, or mechanically doing massive practices given by teachers. Now, we all except student can take the initiative in learning, to build knowledge, solve problems and learn to live their lives with what they learn in school. Handwriting is an intuitive strategy and very useful for student when solving mathematics problems. Useful clues of the problems can be written to help students solve them. This process can assist them re-organize and reflect during problem solving. At present, teachers demonstrate problem solutions first before the students start to solve problems and interact only with teacher if necessary. In fact, peers with similar background knowledge can communicate with each other more easily than with teahcers. Therefore, they can give more feedbacks to and assist each other. If students can interact with their peers during problem solving, they can learn something different from their peers than from their teachers. For this reason the researcher has designed a pen-based system to support mathematics problem solving with peer assessment for pupils. The system can record complete problem solving processes and dispatch the records to students’ peers for review and assessment. With the system, students can learn different problem solving methods and strategies form peers. Then, students can revise their previous solutions or use different newly-learnt strategies. Evolving from a prototype to a stable version, the researcher has revised the system for several cycles based on the testing results while the system being used in a class of an elementary school. The research also carried out a small scale trial test to investigate how the system could influences the students on problem solving with peer review, and found that the students could revise their work after peer assessment and enjoyed giving feedbacks to each other. The system provided a way for the students to interact with peers doing problem solving.Peer assessment also encouraged more discussion more and provided help for the students.
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Hsu, Wen-Hsuan, and 許文軒. "A Decision Support System of Inventory Routing Problem with Simultaneous Pickup and Delivery Concerning Carbon Footprint." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32944597614297643969.
Full textAbstract:
碩士龍華科技大學
資訊管理系碩士班
103
Most literatures of Inventory-Routing problems find the solutions by simulation, rather than solve the real case problem of logistics firms. Furthermore, few of them consider pickup and delivery problems at the same time. A green logistic issue is also incorporated into the model by considering the interrelationship between the transportation cost and the greenhouse gas emission level. Therefore, this research applies a real publishing logistics firm’s operating data to study the Inventory-Routing problem with simultaneous pickup and delivery concerninig carbon footprint(IRPSPDCF). We develop a decision support system (DSS) to combine the google map module and related logictics information to solve the proposed IRPSPDCF.The mathematical model for IRPSPDCF is first constructed, then Savings method, 2-opt heuristic methods, and 1-1 interchange method are applied to obtain the initial feasible solution, finally Genetic Algorithm(GA) is implemented to find the optimal solution. The numerical examples are illustrated by applying this publishing logistics firm’s real operating data to acquire the optimal delivery routes, and the related economic order quantities, the optimal reorder points and the customer service levels of the retail stores located in those proposed routes. Furthermore, the performance of this proposed method is compared with Savings method, heuristic approach, and current routing planning implemented by this specific logistics company.Finally, the sensitivity analysis is also conducted based on different parameters include vehicle capacity, inventory carrying cost percentage,unit ordering cost,unit shortage cost,unit transport cost,unit returning cost.The proposed decision support system is showed to be very promising in many aspects and helpful to this logistics company for their future planning.
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OU, ZAI-YI, and 歐再意. "The design and implement of an intelligent decision support system for solving the sales mix problem." Thesis, 1991. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08383415565846516909.
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Chang, Tsung-Sheng, and 常棕盛. "Developing a decision support system to solve the problem of using surplus materials based on genetic algorithms." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73357528460397716222.
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博士國立中正大學
資訊管理學系暨研究所
101
The manufactured products will be surplus materials left. There are usually some surplus materials from any manufacturing process, and when the items being produced come in many types and styles, this makes the use of such materials more difficult. This presents a significant management problem for manufacturing firms, and thus the current study examines the issue of consuming surplus materials, the so-called macos-match problem, in the most efficient manner. This study proposes a heuristics algorithm that is combined with genetic algorithm to solve the problem of matching surplus materials to orders. In order to verify the feasibility of this method, a decision support system is developed using C++ language. This system is then applied in different experimental environments in order to compare three methods - non-match crossover, minimum matching slack and genetic algorithms. The method presented in this work is thus of considerable value to managers of manufacturing firms.
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Chiang, Li Yu, and 江立宇. "The Implementation of a Decision-Support System for Nursing Home Selection Problem Using Multi-choice Goal Programming Approach." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92926744975934920562.
Full textAbstract:
碩士長庚大學
資訊管理學系
101
The life expectancy of Taiwan has been extended because of the progressing of medical technology. Elder people in Taiwan have to plan their life more cautiously after retire, and living into Nursing Home may be one of the options. Retiring or retired elder people need to think about the issue carefully about how to choose the most suitable Nursing Home for themselves. Choosing Nursing Home is in the category of multiple criteria decision making (MCDM). The criteria colliding will make decision maker feel confuse in making a decision. Previous researches built the model of choosing Nursing Home with multi objective programming (MOP) in order to solve the problem, but decision maker has to know each target valve clearly to do optimization when utilizing this kind of decision model. The problem is not every decision maker can do so. In this paper, we utilize multi-choice goal programming (MCGP) to build model of choosing Nursing Home which is more closer to reality situation, and we will implement it by doing a decision support system.
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Galvão, Bernardo Gil Câmara. "A multi-population hybrid Genetic Programming System." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/25160.
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Dissertation presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Data Science and Advanced AnalyticsIn the last few years, geometric semantic genetic programming has incremented its popularity, obtaining interesting results on several real life applications. Nevertheless, the large size of the solutions generated by geometric semantic genetic programming is still an issue, in particular for those applications in which reading and interpreting the final solution is desirable. In this thesis, a new parallel and distributed genetic programming system is introduced with the objective of mitigating this drawback. The proposed system (called MPHGP, which stands for Multi-Population Hybrid Genetic Programming) is composed by two types of subpopulations, one of which runs geometric semantic genetic programming, while the other runs a standard multi-objective genetic programming algorithm that optimizes, at the same time, fitness and size of solutions. The two subpopulations evolve independently and in parallel, exchanging individuals at prefixed synchronization instants. The presented experimental results, obtained on five real-life symbolic regression applications, suggest that MPHGP is able to find solutions that are comparable, or even better, than the ones found by geometric semantic genetic programming, both on training and on unseen testing data. At the same time, MPHGP is also able to find solutions that are significantly smaller than the ones found by geometric semantic genetic programming.
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Ferreira, João C. "Mobi-System: towards an information system to support sustainable mobility with electric vehicle integration." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/28871.
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Tese de doutoramento do Programa Doutoral em Líderes para as Indústrias Tecnológicas (Programa MIT-Portugal - Área EDAM)The current Thesis proposes the conceptual aspects and the preliminary prototype of a mobile information system to support information integration and manipulation towards the Electric Vehicle (EV) introduction, and the support of mobility process in urban environments, giving recommendations to drivers about EV range autonomy, charging stations, electricity market, and also as route planner taking into account public transportation, car or bike sharing systems. The main work objective is the creation of an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) platform based on successful approaches developed in the Computer Science Area, recommender systems, cooperative systems and mobile devices, to help the driver of EV by giving real time information related with EV charging process, range autonomy, electricity market participation, and also smart mobility process in cities by giving guidance towards best route options, taking into account time travel and CO2 emissions. Based on the analysis of the problem a conceptual system and a prototype application were created under the designation “Mobi-System”, designed to mobile devices, with relevant information oriented to: (1) EV charging process; (2) EV range autonomy; (3) electricity market participation; and (4) mobility process in smart cities of the future. In this work it was developed an application to store data related with EV charging/discharging process, for further intelligent analysis and remote interaction with the charging system, determining a smart charging procedure, taking into account the distribution electrical system limitations, and the creation of communities with participation in the electricity market. A range estimation and representation process is introduced as part of the help process to assist EV drivers. An Aggregator system and a collaborative broker for distributed energy sources are proposed, taking into account the electricity market. A proposal for data integration of different transportation sources and a multimodal best route path are proposed based on CO2 emissions and time travel.
O presente trabalho consiste na concepção e discussão do sistema Mobi-System, que disponibiliza informação relevante para condutores de veículos elétricos (VE), tendo em conta os problemas dos carregamentos dos VE, a gestão da ansiedade de autonomia (range anxiety) dos condutores, a participação no mercado de energia elétrica, a integração das fontes de energia renováveis, bem como a integração de informação de transportes públicos e a criação de sistemas para gerir o problema da mobilidade sustentável em cidades inteligentes (smart cities). O objectivo principal do trabalho é o uso apropriado de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) baseada em abordagens bem-sucedidas desenvolvidas na área da informática, como os sistemas de recomendação, sistemas cooperativos e dispositivos móveis para ajudar o condutor de VE, dando informações relevantes em tempo real, orientando o condutor para os pontos de carregamento públicos, ou para o melhor caminho tendo em conta o tempo e as políticas ambientais, nomeadamente as emissões de CO2. Com base na análise do problema, um sistema conceitual e uma aplicação protótipo foram criadas sob a designação de Mobi-System, projetada para dispositivos móveis com informações relevantes orientadas a: (1) processo de carregamento do VE feito num local público com a orientação e a reserva de slots de carregamento, ou em casa com a programação do processo de carregamento lento, tendo em conta limitações de potência; (2) gestão assistida da autonomia dos VE; (3) participação no mercado de energia, pela criação de comunidades de condutores com capacidade de participar no mercado de energia, dado o VE poder atuar como um armazenador de energia; e (4) processo de mobilidade em cidades inteligentes do futuro, com a proposta de integração de dados de diferentes tipos de transporte, com indicação do trajeto de melhor rota multimodal, proposto com base nas emissões de CO2 e no tempo das viagens.
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Pitaloka, Elok, and Elok Pitaloka. "Decision Bias in the Newsvendor Problem: on the Comparison of Managers and Students as Newsvendors with Decision Support System as Debiasing Strategy." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4vs5m6.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
工業管理系
107
One of the fundamental models in inventory management is the newsvendor problem, where the optimal order quantity is well known. However, a growing number of studies show that there is a mismatch between the order quantity suggested by the theory and the number observed in an experiment. In other words, systematic decision biases lead to non-optimal inventory decisions. Moreover, most of the existing studies only involve students as subjects, leaving an essential question of whether the findings of such studies can be generalized to the real world business practices. In this study, we conducted an experiment to investigate decision biases in the newsvendor setting and present a structured comparison between decisions made by managers and students. We also proposed a debiasing strategy in the form of a Decision Support System (DSS) to overcome the order decisions bias. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed DSS, we conducted an experiment to compare the results of the order decisions with and without DSS presented. This study shows that both managers and students exhibit demand chasing bias, but the magnitude of the bias differs significantly. It also shows that an informational DSS generally improves inventory decision-making performance in terms of adjustment behavior and long-term profitability. Thus, a DSS (with the extended model of newsvendor) that could accommodate the objectives of maximizing expected profit and minimizing stock-out for particular products was designed for future use.
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Han, Yang-Ming, and 韓揚銘. "A Study of Developing and Evaluating the Innovation Problem Solving Support System –Using Association Rules to Recommend on Engineering Parameters of TRIZ." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91187358581391501443.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
資訊管理研究所碩士班
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Owing to economic situation competition and changes speedily, enterprises need rely on innovative ability to gain the competitive advantages. The inventor Altshuller has created a powerful innovative method to help people solving innovative problem. Although Contradiction Table was used in TRIZ method, but the peoples usually only know the feature to change parameter and people doesn’t know or can’t predict the undesired result parameter. Furthermore, the Contradiction table and 40-principles can’t be used on problem solving. Thus, this study tries to use TRIZ method and association rules in data mining to inferred the architecture and developed the prototype system of Innovation Problem Solving Support System. In the end, this study also prove inventive problem solving validity in prototype systems
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Pereira, Ana Cláudia dos Santos. "Um sistema de apoio à decisão para o planeamento de rotas com preocupações ambientais." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/92511.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaA crescente preocupação com os fatores ambientais fez com que existisse uma maior consciencialização por parte das organizações. Contudo, apesar dos protocolos que têm vindo a ser assinados, continuam a ser emitidas grandes quantidades de gases efeito estufa sendo que o setor dos transportes é um dos principais contribuidores.Com o intuito de auxiliar as empresas num planeamento de rotas mais verde, e tendo em consideração as emissões de gases de efeito de estufa, foi implementado um sistema de apoio à decisão que elabora o planeamento das rotas com janelas temporais em frota heterogénea. Nesse sentido, foi feita uma adaptação do problema denominado na literatura por Pollution-Routing Problem. Foram utilizados métodos de solução existentes na literatura, nomeadamente heurísticas para permitirem a obtenção de relativamente boas soluções num curto período de tempo.Para a obtenção de resultados utilizaram-se dados relativos a um problema real de uma organização de distribuição retalhista e procedeu-se à comparação do problema clássico de planeamento de rotas com o Pollution-Routing Problem, através de duas funções de cariz ambiental que pretendem minimizar os custos totais e a energia despendida. Os resultados obtidos estimam uma redução de cerca de 14% da quantidade de CO2 com a função desenvolvida que pretende minimizar os custos totais, comprometendo ligeiramente a distância total percorrida. Relativamente à comparação entre as duas adaptações do Pollution-Routing Problem, foi possível verificar que a função de cariz ambiental que pretende minimizar a energia despendida apresenta uma quantidade de CO2 libertado menor em cerca de 5%, não comprometendo a distância a percorrer.
The growing concern with environmental factors has led to a greater awareness on the part of organizations. However, despite the protocols that have been signed, large quantities of greenhouse gases continue to be emitted and the transport sector is a major contributor.In the interests of endorsing companies in a greener route planning, and taking into account greenhouse gas emissions, a decision support system has been implemented that elaborates the planning of routes with heterogeneous fleet time windows. In this sense, an adaptation of the problem called in the literature by Pollution-Routing Problem was made. Existing solution methods in the literature have been used, in particular heuristics, to allow relatively good solutions to be obtained in a short period of time.In order to obtain results, data on a real problem of a retail distribution organisation was used and the classic Vehicle Routing Problem was compared with the Pollution-Routing Problem, through two enmvironmental functions that aim at minimizing total costs and energy expended. The results obtained estimate a reduction of about 14% of the amount of CO2 with the function developed that aims to minimize total costs, slightly compromising the total distance travelled. Regarding the comparison between the two Pollution-Routing Problem adaptations, it was possible to verify that the environmental function that intends to minimize the energy spent presents an amount of released CO2 lower by about 5%, not compromising the distance to be travelled.
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Pena, Catarina Martins da. "Desenvolvimento de um sistema de apoio à decisão num processo de distribuição de combustíveis." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/49576.
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Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia e Gestão IndustrialA presente dissertação foi realizada no âmbito do Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial da Universidade do Minho e foi desenvolvida em ambiente industrial na MJVendeiro. O núcleo de atividade desta empresa são os postos de abastecimento e a revenda de combustíveis. Esta empresa distribui 3 tipos de combustível em veículos compartimentados e obedecendo às janelas temporais impostas pelos clientes. Este projeto nasceu da necessidade de melhorar o complexo processo de distribuição de combustível da empresa, através de um Sistema de Apoio à Decisão (SAD) no planeamento de rotas. Inicialmente analisaram-se várias soluções de suporte ao processo de planeamento de rotas, existentes no mercado, tendo em consideração as necessidades reais da empresa em estudo. No entanto, a especificidade e os elevados custos das poucas soluções disponíveis no mercado inviabilizaram a adoção de qualquer uma das soluções analisadas. Com o objetivo de complementar esta informação foram também comparadas várias ferramentas de gestão e monitorização de frota comercializadas em Portugal. Perante os resultados encontrados optou-se pelo desenvolvimento de uma solução baseada no problema de escalonamento de veículos, com múltiplos compartimentos e janelas temporais. Foi então desenvolvido um SAD baseado no algoritmo das poupanças de Clarke e Wright (1964). Esta heurística construtiva foi desenvolvida e testada em três fases. Uma primeira versão teve em consideração todas as restrições acima referidas. De seguida, foi incorporado o caso das múltiplas viagens, seguindo-se de um mecanismo de troca de compartimentos, com o objetivo de melhorar a qualidade das soluções obtidas. Posteriormente foram adicionados dois mecanismos de pesquisa local, o primeiro com base em movimentos dentro de cada rota e o segundo com movimentos entre diferentes rotas. A solução foi testada usando instâncias reais. Os resultados computacionais permitem identificar uma potencial poupança para a empresa no processo de planeamento da distribuição de combustíveis. Resultados preliminares apontam para uma redução na ordem de 14% dos quilómetros percorridos. A ferramenta desenvolvida pode ainda proporcionar um apoio efetivo ao complexo problema de decisão em estudo.
The present dissertation was conducted as part of the Integrated Master Degree in Engineering and Industrial Management at University of Minho and developed in an industrial environment at MJVendeiro. The core business of this company is the management of fuel stations and fuel resale. This company distributes three types of fuel through multi-compartment vehicles, satisfying delivery time windows imposed by the customers. This project emerged out of the necessity to improve the process of fuel distribution through a Decision Support System (DSS) for route planning. Initially, we analyzed several DSS for the route planning on the market, taking into account the real needs of the analyzed company. However, we did not find any feasible DSS for the company due to the uniqueness and the high costs of these products. Several fleet management and tracking tools commercialized in Portugal were also compared. Therefore, the solution was developed based on the vehicle schedule problem, considering aspects such as multi-compartments and time windows. Thus, we designed a DSS based on the Clark and Wright (1964) algorithm. This constructive heuristic was developed in three steps. In the first step, the previously mentioned constraints were taken into account. In the second version of the algorithm, we incorporated the multi-trip case. The mechanism of compartments’ exchange was incorporated in the third step, with the aim of improving the solution quality. Subsequently, two local search procedures were implemented, the first one based on movements within each route and the second based on movements between distinct routes. The solution was tested using real instances. The computational results indicate savings in terms of the fuel distribution planning process. Preliminary results confirm that the distance traveled reduction may be around 14%. The provided DSS may also give effective support to the complex decision problem at stake.
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Γεωργούλας, Γεώργιος Κ. "Μέθοδοι διάγνωσης με βάση προηγμένες τεχνικές επεξεργασίας και ταξινόμησης δεδομένων. Εφαρμογές στη μαιευτική." Thesis, 2006. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/1346.
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Αντικείμενο της διατριβής ήταν η ανάπτυξη υπολογιστικών μεθόδων διάγνωσης και εκτίμησης της κατάστασης της υγείας του εμβρύου. Οι προτεινόμενες μεθοδολογίες αναλύουν και εξάγουν πληροφορίες από το σήμα της ΕΚΣ καθώς το συγκεκριμένο σήμα αποτελεί ένα από τα λιγοστά διαθέσιμα εργαλεία για την εκτίμηση της οξυγόνωσης του εμβρύου και της αξιολόγησης της κατάστασης της υγείας του κατά τη διάρκεια του τοκετού. Για την αξιολόγηση των μεθόδων εξετάστηκε η συσχέτιση της Εμβρυϊκής Καρδιακής Συχνότητας (ΕΚΣ) με βραχυπρόθεσμες αξιόπιστες ενδείξεις για την κατάσταση του εμβρύου και πιο συγκεκριμένα χρησιμοποιήθηκε η συσχέτιση της τιμής του pH του αίματος του εμβρύου η οποία αποτελεί μια έμμεση ένδειξη για την ανάπτυξη υποξίας κατά τη διάρκεια του τοκετού.
Στα πλαίσια της διατριβής χρησιμοποιήθηκε για πρώτη φορά η μέθοδος της ανάλυσης σε ανεξάρτητες συνιστώσες για την εξαγωγή χαρακτηριστικών από το σήμα της ΕΚΣ. Επίσης προτάθηκαν και χρησιμοποιήθηκαν Κρυφά Μοντέλα Markov σε μια προσπάθεια να «συλληφθεί» η χρονική εξέλιξη του φαινομένου της μεταβολής της κατάστασης του εμβρύου. Επιπλέον προτάθηκαν νέα χαρακτηριστικά εξαγόμενα με τη χρήση του Διακριτού Μετασχηματισμού Κυματιδίου. Με χρήση μιας υβριδική μέθοδος, που βασίζεται στη χρήση εξελικτικής γραμματικής «κατασκευάστηκαν» νέα χαρακτηριστικά παραγόμενα από τα χαρακτηριστικά που είχαν ήδη εξαχθεί με συμβατικές μεθόδους. Επιπρόσθετα στα πλαίσια της διατριβής χρησιμοποιήθηκαν για πρώτη φορά (και η μόνη μέχρι στιγμής) μηχανές διανυσμάτων υποστήριξης για την ταξινόμηση και προτάθηκε και χρησιμοποιήθηκε για πρώτη φορά η μέθοδος βελτιστοποίησης με σμήνος σωματιδίων για τη ρύθμιση των παραμέτρων τους. Τέλος προτάθηκε και χρησιμοποιήθηκε για πρώτη φορά η μέθοδος βελτιστοποίησης με σμήνος σωματιδίων για την εκπαίδευση μιας νέας οικογένειας νευρωνικών δικτύων, των νευρωνικών δικτύων κυματιδίου.
Μέσα από τα πειράματα τα οποία διεξήγαμε καταφέραμε να δείξουμε ότι τα δεδομένα της ΕΚΣ διαθέτουν σημαντική πληροφορία η οποία με τη χρήση κατάλληλων προηγμένων μεθόδων επεξεργασίας και ταξινόμησης μπορεί να συσχετιστεί με την τιμή του pH του εμβρύου, κάτι το οποίο θεωρούνταν ουτοπικό στη δεκαετία του 90.This Dissertation dealt with the development of computational methods for the diagnosis and estimation of fetal condition. The proposed methods analyzed and extracted information from the Fetal Heart Rate (FHR) signal, since this is one of the few available tools for the estimation of fetal oxygenation and the assessment of fetal condition during labor. For the evaluation of the proposed methods the correlation of the FHR signal with short term indices were employed and to be more specific, its correlation with the pH values of fetal blood, which is an indirect sign of the development of fetal hypoxia during labor. In the context of this Dissertation, Independent Component Analysis (ICA) for feature extraction from the FHR signal was used for the first time. Moreover we used Hidden Markov Models in an attempt to “capture” the evolution in time of the fetal condition. Furthermore, new features based on the Discrete Wavelet Transform were proposed and used. Using a new hybrid method based on grammatical evolution new features were constructed based on already extracted features by conventional methods. Moreover, for the first (and only) time, Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers were employed in the field of FHR processing and the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method was proposed for tuning their parameters. Finally, a new family of neural networks, the Wavelet Neural Networks (WNN) was proposed and used, trained using the PSO method. By conducting a number of experiments we managed to show that the FHR signal conveys valuable information, which by the use of advanced data processing and classification techniques can be associated with fetal pH, something which was not regarded feasible during the 90’s.