Academic literature on the topic 'Evolution of seismicity'
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Journal articles on the topic "Evolution of seismicity"
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Ma, Xu, Erik Westman, Dave Counter, Farid Malek, and Brent Slaker. "Passive Seismic Imaging of Stress Evolution with Mining-Induced Seismicity at Hard-Rock Deep Mines." Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering 53, no. 6 (March 16, 2020): 2789–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-020-02076-5.
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AbstractThis work aims to examine the stress redistribution with evolving seismicity rates using a passive seismic tomographic tool. We compiled a total of 26,000 events from two underground mines and partitioned them into multiple clusters in a temporal sequence, each of which contains 1000 events. To image stress redistribution associated with seismicity rates, we then run the tomographic studies using each cluster to yield seismic tomograms and computed the corresponding seismicity rate. We found that high velocity anomalies grew with the increase of seismicity rates, and they switched to a shrinking tendency under low seismicity rates. Results of this study imply that seismicity rates increase with increasing stress concentration and decrease with decreasing stress concentration. This study highlights the value of utilizing passive seismic tomography for estimating stress evolution associated with the change of seismicity rates at underground mines. Our findings illuminate the applications of using mining-induced seismicity to assess stress redistribution associated with seismicity rates at hard-rock mines, providing insights into seismic hazards for deep mining.
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Aochi, Hideo, Julie Maury, and Thomas Le Guenan. "How Do Statistical Parameters of Induced Seismicity Correlate with Fluid Injection? Case of Oklahoma." Seismological Research Letters 92, no. 4 (April 28, 2021): 2573–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220200386.
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Abstract The seismicity evolution in Oklahoma between 2010 and 2018 is analyzed systematically using an epidemic-type aftershock sequence model. To retrieve the nonstationary seismicity component, we systematically use a moving window of 200 events, each within a radius of 20 km at grid points spaced every 0.2°. Fifty-three areas in total are selected for our analysis. The evolution of the background seismicity rate μ is successfully retrieved toward its peak at the end of 2014 and during 2015, whereas the triggering parameter K is stable, slightly decreasing when the seismicity is activated. Consequently, the ratio of μ to the observed seismicity rate is not stationary. The acceleration of μ can be fit with an exponential equation relating μ to the normalized injected volume. After the peak, the attenuation phase can be fit with an exponential equation with time since peak as the independent variable. As a result, the evolution of induced seismicity can be followed statistically after it begins. The turning points, such as activation of the seismicity and timing of the peak, are difficult to identify solely from this statistical analysis and require a subsequent mechanical interpretation.
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Badawy, A., S. M. Abdel-Monem, K. Sakr, and Sh M. Ali. "Seismicity and kinematic evolution of middle Egypt." Journal of Geodynamics 42, no. 1-3 (August 2006): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2006.04.003.
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Nasir, Asma, Esther Hintersberger, and Kurt Decker. "The temporal evolution of seismicity and variability of b-values along the Vienna Basin Transfer Fault System." Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences 116, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17738/ajes.2023.0001.
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Abstract The Vienna Basin Transfer Fault System (VBTFS) is the most active fault system in the region between the Eastern Alps, the western Carpathians and the Pannonian Basin. The spatial and temporal distribution of earthquakes along the fault system shows a heterogeneous pattern including a long-time decay of seismicity at the northern part of the VBTFS, which was interpreted to result from a long aftershock sequence subsequent to the 1906 Dobrá Voda earthquake (M=5.7). In this paper we investigate if other segments of the VBTFS display similar long-term declines of seismicity that might indicate long aftershock sequences following strong, yet unrecorded, earthquakes in historical times. In order to analyse the distribution of seismicity, the VBTFS is divided into arbitrary segments of about 50 km length each. The segments are chosen to overlap each other to avoid missing information from neighbouring segments due to arbitrarily selected segment boundaries. For each segment we analyse the temporal evolution of seismicity and calculate the parameters of the corresponding Gutenberg-Richter (GR) relation. The temporal seismicity patterns revealed from the segments covering the Dobrá Voda area confirm the protracted aftershock sequence following the 1906 earthquake. All but one of the other segments do not show temporal changes of seismicity comparable to the long-term Dobrá Voda aftershock sequence. Seismicity patterns, however, include short-term Omori-type aftershocks following moderate earthquakes such as the 2000 Ebreichsdorf earthquake (M=4.8). The segment covering the SW tip of the VBTFS revealed a 200 years long gradual decrease of the largest observed magnitudes starting with the 1794 Leoben (M=4.7) earthquake. The 1794 event is the oldest earthquake listed in the catalogue for the region under consideration. It therefore remains open if the recorded decay of seismicity results from the 1794 event, or a stronger earthquake before that time. The latter is corroborated by the low magnitude of the 1794 earthquake which would typically not be considered to cause long aftershock sequences. GR a- and b-values, calculated for the individual segments, vary significantly along the VBTFS. Values range from 0.47 to 0.86 (b-values) and 0.81 to 2.54 (a-values), respectively. Data show a significant positive correlation of a- and b-values and a coincidence of the lowest b-values with fault segments with large seismic slip deficits and very low seismicity in the last approximately 300 years. These parts of the VBTFS were previously interpreted as “locked” fault segments, which have a significant potential to release future strong earthquakes, in spite of the fact that historical and instrumentally recorded seismicity is very low. We find this interpretation corroborated by the low b-values that suggest high differential stresses for these fault segments.
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Vallianatos, Filippos, Georgios Michas, and George Hloupis. "Seismicity Patterns Prior to the Thessaly (Mw6.3) Strong Earthquake on 3 March 2021 in Terms of Multiresolution Wavelets and Natural Time Analysis." Geosciences 11, no. 9 (September 9, 2021): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11090379.
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On 3 March 2021, a strong, shallow earthquake of moment magnitude, Mw6.3, occurred in northern Thessaly (Central Greece). To investigate possible complex correlations in the evolution of seismicity in the broader area of Central Greece before the Mw6.3 event, we apply the methods of multiresolution wavelet analysis (MRWA) and natural time (NT) analysis. The description of seismicity evolution by critical parameters defined by NT analysis, integrated with the results of MRWA as the initiation point for the NT analysis, forms a new framework that may possibly lead to new universal principles that describe the generation processes of strong earthquakes. In the present work, we investigate this new framework in the seismicity prior to the Mw6.3 Thessaly earthquake. Initially, we apply MRWA to the interevent time series of the successive regional earthquakes in order to investigate the approach of the regional seismicity at critical stages and to define the starting point of the natural time domain. Then, we apply the NT analysis, showing that the regional seismicity approached criticality a few days before the occurrence of the Mw6.3 earthquake, when the κ1 natural time parameter reached the critical value of κ1 = 0.070.
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Mignan, A. "Static behaviour of induced seismicity." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics Discussions 2, no. 6 (December 10, 2015): 1659–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npgd-2-1659-2015.
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Abstract. The standard paradigm to describe seismicity induced by fluid injection is to apply nonlinear diffusion dynamics in a poroelastic medium. I show that the spatiotemporal behaviour and rate evolution of induced seismicity can, instead, be expressed by geometric operations on a static stress field produced by volume change at depth. I obtain laws similar in form to the ones derived from poroelasticity while requiring a lower description length. Although fluid flow is known to occur in the ground, it is not pertinent to the behaviour of induced seismicity. The proposed model is equivalent to the static stress model for tectonic foreshocks generated by the Non-Critical Precursory Accelerating Seismicity Theory. This study hence verifies the explanatory power of this theory outside of its original scope.
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Denlinger, Roger P., and Daniel R. H. O’Connell. "Evolution of Faulting Induced by Deep Fluid Injection, Paradox Valley, Colorado." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 110, no. 5 (August 18, 2020): 2308–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120190328.
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ABSTRACT High-pressure fluid injection into a subhorizontal confined aquifer at 4.3–4.6 km depth induced >7000 earthquakes between 1991 and 2012 within once seismically quiescent Paradox Valley in Colorado, with magnitudes up to Mw 3.9. Earthquake hypocenters expanded laterally away from the well with time, defining the margins of the aquifer pressurized by injection at the well. Within 5 km of the well, alignment of earthquake hypocenters defines strikes of nine vertical fault zones. Previous studies show that these fault zones predate injection, producing left-stepping offsets in the normal faults of the Wray-Mesa fault system that cradles Paradox Valley. Hypocenters, rakes, and strikes of 2041 well-constrained focal mechanisms show that most injection-related earthquakes occur where these vertical faults intersect the pressurized aquifer. Well-defined focal mechanisms show that this induced seismicity consists of Riedel shear faults at acute angles to the strikes of these fault zones. These small faults develop an anastomosing fault structure of focal planes along each planar fault zone, as fluid injection continues, even as their hypocenters define a single planar fault zone. Failure conditions at each hypocenter are found using a fully coupled poroelastic analysis of stress induced by fluid injection, and this analysis indicates a minimum Coulomb failure condition of 0.1 MPa. This failure condition is primarily a result of aquifer pore-fluid pressurization, as almost all well-located seismicity is within the pressurized aquifer. Reducing the rate of injection and frequent well shutdowns in the second decade nearly eliminated induced seismicity, except very near the well where gradients in pressurization are the largest. Despite these decreases in failure conditions and seismicity, some fault zones continued to produce earthquakes larger than M 3 as injection continued.
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Lipovsky, Bradley Paul, Colin R. Meyer, Lucas K. Zoet, Christine McCarthy, Dougal D. Hansen, Alan W. Rempel, and Florent Gimbert. "Glacier sliding, seismicity and sediment entrainment." Annals of Glaciology 60, no. 79 (June 3, 2019): 182–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aog.2019.24.
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ABSTRACTThe evolution of glaciers and ice sheets depends on processes in the subglacial environment. Shear seismicity along the ice–bed interface provides a window into these processes. Such seismicity requires a rapid loss of strength that is typically ascribed to rate-weakening friction, i.e., decreasing friction with sliding or sliding rate. Many friction experiments have investigated glacial materials at the temperate conditions typical of fast flowing glacier beds. To our knowledge, however, these studies have all found rate-strengthening friction. Here, we investigate the possibility that rate-weakening rock-on-rock friction between sediments frozen to the bottom of the glacier and the underlying water-saturated sediments or bedrock may be responsible for subglacial shear seismicity along temperate glacier beds. We test this ‘entrainment-seismicity hypothesis’ using targeted laboratory experiments and simple models of glacier sliding, seismicity and sediment entrainment. These models suggest that sediment entrainment may be a necessary but not sufficient condition for the occurrence of basal shear seismicity. We propose that stagnation at the Whillans Ice Stream, West Antarctica may be caused by the growth of a frozen fringe of entrained sediment in the ice stream margins. Our results suggest that basal shear seismicity may indicate geomorphic activity.
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Fan, Gang, Jun Wang, Shunchao Qi, Gongda Lu, Xingguo Yang, and Jiawen Zhou. "Spatiotemporal Evolution of Earthquakes in Longmenshan Fault and Adjacent Area, before and after the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake." Shock and Vibration 2021 (November 24, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9400276.
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Seismicity sequence following a main earthquake usually contains much meaningful information for unveiling the focal mechanism and predicting the reoccurrence interval of large earthquakes. The spatiotemporal evolution of earthquakes before and after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (Ms 8.0) is analysed comprehensively in this study. The frequency-magnitude relation of the 3493 earthquake events retrieved from the database of the International Seismological Centre indicates that the adopted catalogue is complete for magnitudes ≥Ms 3.4. The seismicity during the 10 years before the Wenchuan earthquake remained stable, including the magnitudes and focal depths. However, seismicity attenuated sharply in the year following the Wenchuan earthquake, and the magnitude of earthquakes before the Wenchuan earthquake decreased gradually. The area of the seismogenic zone of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake was smaller than the earthquake stricken area. The earthquakes that occurred in the Longmenshan fault area and adjacent area in the study period were mainly shallow earthquakes. The focal depths of earthquakes in the study area became stable gradually after the Wenchuan earthquake, mainly within the range from 10 to 16 km. The earthquakes in the study area were mainly distributed with an along-dip distance of 0–20 km, and the seismicity was distributed uniformly along the fault strike.
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Jia, Ke, Shiyong Zhou, Jiancang Zhuang, Changsheng Jiang, Yicun Guo, Zhaohui Gao, Shesheng Gao, Yosihiko Ogata, and Xiaodong Song. "Nonstationary Background Seismicity Rate and Evolution of Stress Changes in the Changning Salt Mining and Shale-Gas Hydraulic Fracturing Region, Sichuan Basin, China." Seismological Research Letters 91, no. 4 (May 20, 2020): 2170–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220200092.
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Abstract The Ms 6.0 earthquake in Changning, Sichuan, China, on 17 June 2019 was the largest recorded earthquake in the stable Sichuan basin. It occurred in a complicated region with salt mining and shale gas production. Whether this earthquake is induced raises concerns among the public and the scientific community. Furthermore, the relation between this earthquake and nearby industrial activities has also been of great interest. To address these questions, we estimated the nonstationary background seismicity rate and inverted for spatiotemporal stress changes. The results show that the background rate dramatically increased after hydraulic fracturing (HF) and remained at a high level until the present. Starting in 2005, the study region experienced an accelerating stress increase, and the rates of cumulative modified Coulomb stress changes were approximately 0.11 MPa/yr from January 2005 to January 2015 and 0.24 MPa/yr from January 2015 to December 2018. The 2019 Changning earthquake produced a stress step of 0.32 MPa. A clear difference between seismicity induced by salt mine injection and by HF is documented. Our results suggest that the Changning sequence might have been induced by long-term injection for salt production. Furthermore, the seismicity-stress inversion method provides a tool for using seismicity rate changes as a stress meter to monitor human-induced seismicity.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Evolution of seismicity"
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Firoozfar, Alireza. "Caspian Sea level changes, seismicity assessment and beach evolution." Thesis, Kingston University, 2012. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/23704/.
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The Caspian Sea is the world's largest closed body of water, and it has a number of unique features, not least, the considerable fluctuations in water level during the 20th century. This water level dropped by 3 m from 1929 to 1977, increased rapidly by 2.6 m during thetwo decades following, and from 1995 a slow rate of change continues. It is likely that the underlying causes of these water level changes are the human activities in the Caspian Sea Basin but literature shows that climate change also had a significant effect. Moreover, these sea level changes occur in a region with a high intrinsic level of seismic activity due to its tectonic setting. Since the sea level fluctuations represent very large scale changes in the loading of the Earth's crust, it seems likely that they are responsible for aspects of the overall seismicity. This is analogous to the problem of Reservoir Induced Seismicity, although even the largest reservoirs are tiny compared to the Caspian Sea. The research reviews the available data to create a reliable database of seismic events in the desired timeframe and location. It was observed that there was a correlation between the Caspian Sea level fluctuations and changes in regional seismicity. Further analysis indicated changes in the b-value of the Gutenberg-Richter Relationship that had an inverse correlation with water level fluctuations, demonstrating that RIS effects are significant. Through statistical examination of the earthquakes listed in the catalogue, the research attempted to find events which could possibly be induced earthquakes. Another large scale effect of the Caspian Sea level changes is investigated on its coasts where the beach profiles were affected by these changes. This sea is a unique laboratory for studies related to sea level rise and several studies have been performed by other researchers on the northern and western Caspian Sea coast. The southern coast, however, has not been adequately explored, thus this research aimed to investigate this part of the coastline. Three field surveys were made along 700 km of the southern coast. In addition to shore sediment sampling, land forms were mapped. Also, deep sediments were sampled by divers along profiles at right angles to the coast at 5 depths up to a depth of 10 m, and hydrographic profiles were surveyed. Laboratory tests were performed on the collected sediment samples. Several classifications were generated based on different factors, and finally, the southern Caspian Sea coast was classified into four categories with respect to their behaviour in response to sea level change. This study investigates the cause and two large scale impacts of the changing water level in the Caspian Sea, and provides a database for future studies. The result can be applied to predict future problems if the water level of the Caspian Sea continues to show considerable changes.
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Henderson, Jeremy. "Fracture mechanics and the evolution of seismicity in an intra-plate setting." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14047.
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This thesis is concerned with the evolution of seismicity as described by the value of b in the Gutenberg-Richter relation, and the fractal dimension, D, of the distribution of earthquake epicenters. It is found that, in the case of two areas of California, there is a negative correlation between the b-value and D. These observations lead to the development of a one-dimensional fracture-mechanical model of seismicity which includes both negative and positive feedback processes. The fracture toughness of the fault elements is initially generated by a random walk function, but as the applied remote stress is increased, the fracture system becomes organised into a fractal set. The values of b and the fractal dimension of the crack population are measured at each step. It is found that the model predicts the observed negative correlation between the b-value and the D of earthquake epicenters. The short-range interactions described in the model give rise to a system with a long-range order, similar to current models of critical processes. It is found that in the long term there is an extremely irregular evolution of b-value. A preliminary extension of the model to two dimensions using a cellular automaton is presented. The model is further tested using a high quality dataset collected in a structurally simple area in Brazil. Two clusters of seismicity are examined in detail. It is found that in one cluster there is a strong negative correlation between b and D, whereas in the other cluster, which is characterised by a relatively small number of large events, there is a weak positive correlation. It is suggested that this positive correlation arises from processes connected with fluid migration in the crust. The fractal nature of heterogeneity in the crust in western Norway is examined by measuring coda-Q. It is found that the attenuation in this area is very low, with Q values of 1400 at 10Hz, and that the fractal dimension of lithospheric heterogeneity is low. The origin of the stresses responsible for intra-plate seismicity is studied by estimating the stress tensor in Sweden by inversion of data from earthquake fault-plane solutions. The stresses in the southern part of Sweden are found to be uniform and suggest a NW-SE compression, as predicted from present-day plate motions. In the north of the country, however, the stress varies over a short distance, and appears to have been significantly perturbed by recent deglaciation.
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Schoenball, Martin [Verfasser], and T. [Akademischer Betreuer] Kohl. "Evolution of Stress and Seismicity in Fractured Geothermal Reservoirs / Martin Schoenball. Betreuer: T. Kohl." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1051848261/34.
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Biryol, Berk Cemal. "Neotectonics And Evolution Of The Eskipazar Basin, Karabuk." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605211/index.pdf.
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Study area, the Eskipazar Basin, is located in the western part of
the North Anatolian Fault System. It is a 3-5 km wide, 10 km long and NWSE
trending depression, bounded by a complex array of oblique-slip
normal faults and strike-slip faults.
The Eskipazar Basin is interpreted to be a superimposed basin. The
basin fill is composed of two different units deposited under the control of
different tectonic regimes, namely the paleotectonic and the neotectonic
regimes. The latest paleotectonic fill of the basin is the fluvio-lacustrine
deposits of the paleotectonic Eskipazar formation. This formation is
unconformably overlain by a group of neotectonic units namely, the
Budaklar, the Karkin and the imanlar formations. The unconformity in
between these paleotectonic and neotectonic units represents the time
interval during which the paleotectonic period comes to end and the
neotectonic period started. Thus, onset age of the strike-slip neotectonic
regime in the study area is Late Pliocene (∼
2.6 My). Common basin margin-bounding faults of the Eskipazar Basin are the Kadilar fault set, the Beytarla Fault Zone, the Budaklar fault set, the Arslanlar fault set, the Dibek fault, the Karkin fault, the Boztepe fault and the Acisu fault. These faults display well preserved fault scarps, in places. Morphological expressions of these faults and their geometrical relationships to regional stress system indicate that these faults are mostlystrike-slip faults with normal component. However the Kadilar fault set displays a different characteristic, being the major fault controlling the basin to the west and it is indeed an oblique slip normal fault. Long term seismicity and their epicentral distribution in and very close to the study area suggest that the Eskipazar basin is located in an area of seismic quiescence, nevertheless the morphotectonic expressions of the faults exposing in the basin suggest that these faults are active. Since the most of settlements are located on different lithologies of poorly consolidated deposits of the Eskipazar formation susceptible to landslides, the area is open to future earthquake hazard. Therefore, structures and settlements have to be constructed on strong ground away from active faults.
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Minetto, Riccardo. "Essaims sismiques : comparaison des séismes naturels et induits." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023GRALU009.
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Une séquence sismique est un ensemble de tremblements de terre qui se produisent avec une grande proximité spatiale et temporelle. Un essaim de séisme est un type de séquence sismique caractérisé par des tremblements de terre dont la localisation change au cours du temps et qui n’est pas dominé par un seul grand tremblement de terre.Dans cette thèse, j'étudie l'évolution spatio-temporelle d'essaims sismiques naturels et induits dans le but d'identifier les processus physiques qui les produisent et de caractériser les propriétés des systèmes de failles activés. Plus spécifiquement, je me concentre sur trois aspects clés de l'activité sismique : l'évolution temporelle du taux de sismicité, la localisation des séismes et la distribution des magnitudes. L'étude se concentre sur deux essaims sismiques. Le premier, d'origine naturelle, s'est produit dans la vallée de la Maurienne (Alpes françaises) entre 2017 et 2019, tandis que le second a été induit par des opérations de fracturation hydraulique à Preston New Road, au Royaume-Uni, en 2019. Pour assurer une analyse à haute résolution de ces séquences, j'ai d'abord créé des catalogues améliorés qui intègrent de nombreux événements nouvellement détectés ainsi que des magnitudes et des localisations plus précises.La migration des séismes pendant l'essaim de Maurienne suggère que cette séquence a pu être activée par une combinaison de multiples diffusions de fluides à haute pression et d'interactions entre séismes. De plus, la proportion de petits et grands événements (paramètre b de la loi de Gutenberg-Richter) varie dans l'espace, et ce changement peut être lié à la dimension des failles actives.En plus de l'étude de l'activité sismique, j'ai appliqué l'interférométrie du bruit sismique ambiant pour évaluer si les changements de contraintes pendant l'essaim ont créé des variations détectables de la vitesse des ondes sismiques. Les changements de vitesse semblent être principalement influencés par un processus saisonnier probablement lié aux variations de pression interstitielle dues aux précipitations. Cependant, pendant la période principale d'activité sismique, ces changements ont pu être amplifiées par les secousses du sol résultant de l'occurrence prolongée de séismes.La séquence de Preston New Road est caractérisée par un taux de sismicité et une distribution des magnitudes qui évoluent progressivement au fur et à mesure que les fluides sont injectés de manière répétée et que le volume de la zone sismogénique grandit. Ceci suggère que l'activité sismique au cours d'une phase d'injection dépend de l'historique des phases précédentes.Les séquences de Maurienne et de Preston New Road ne sont que deux exemples du phénomène plus large des essaims sismiques et induits. Néanmoins, ces deux séquences illustrent le fait que les essaims induits et naturels peuvent présenter des propriétés similaires dans leur évolution spatio-temporelle, comme la migration des séismes et la dépendance de la valeur de b à l'échelle du système de failles. Cela souligne la possibilité d'appliquer les connaissances acquises lors de l'étude d'un type d'essaim pour améliorer notre compréhension de l'autreA seismic sequence is a cluster of earthquakes that occur in close spatial and temporal proximity. One type of seismic sequence is a seismic swarm, which is typically characterized by earthquakes whose location changes over time and by the absence of a single, dominant, large earthquake.In this thesis, I investigate the spatio-temporal evolution of natural and induced seismic swarms with the aim of identifying the physical processes that drive them and characterizing the properties of the activated fault systems. More specifically, I focus on three key aspects of the seismic activity: temporal evolution of the seismicity rate, earthquake location and frequency-magnitude distribution. The study focuses on two seismic swarms. The first one, of natural origin, occurred in the Maurienne valley (French Alps) between 2017 and 2019, while the second one was induced by hydraulic fracturing operations at Preston New Road, UK, in 2019. To ensure a high-resolution analysis of these sequences, I first created improved catalogs, which incorporate newly detected events and more accurate magnitudes and hypocenter locations.The migration of earthquakes during the Maurienne swarm suggests that this sequence may have been triggered by a combination of multiple pulses of high-pressure fluids and earthquake-to-earthquake interactions. Additionally, the proportion of small and large events (i.e., the b-value of the Gutenberg-Richter law) varies in space, and this change may be linked to the size of the active fault systems.In addition to the study of the seismic activity, I applied ambient noise interferometry to assess if stress changes during the Maurienne swarm produced detectable variations in seismic wave velocity. The velocity changes appear to be primarily influenced by a seasonal process possibly related to pore pressure variations due to rainfall. However, during the main period of seismic activity, such changes may also be accentuated by the continuous ground shaking resulting from the prolonged occurrence of earthquakes.The Preston New Road sequence is characterized by a seismicity rate and a frequency-magnitude distribution that gradually evolve as fluids are repeatedly injected and the seismogenic volume expands in size. This suggests that the seismic activity during an injection stage depends on the injection history of past stages.The Maurienne and Preston New Road sequences are just two examples of the broader phenomenon of seismic and induced swarms. Nonetheless, these two sequences illustrate that induced and natural swarms can exhibit similar patterns in their spatio-temporal evolution, such as earthquake migration and the dependence of the b-value on the scale of the fault system. This emphasizes the potential of applying the knowledge gained from studying one type of swarm to improve our understanding of the other
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Caracausi, Antonio. "Noble gases as geochemical tracers of Earth's dynamic and evolution." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0339.
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Dans mon projet, j'ai utilisé les gaz nobles (He, Ne, Ar, Kr et Xe) pour étudier les processus naturels se déroulant dans différents contextes géodynamiques (c.-à-d. subduction, collision continentale, rifting), montrant ainsi comment l'utilisation des gaz rares est fondamentale pour contraindre l'origine des substances volatiles et comment ils permettent une évaluation qualitative et quantitative des processus (interaction eau-gaz-roche) qui se produisent pendant la remontée des fluides de l'intérieur de la Terre vers l'atmosphère. Les résultats de mon projet peuvent être résumés en cinq thèmes principaux : 1) Aperçu de l’histoire du dégazage du manteau terrestre à partir d'analyses de haute précision des gaz rares du gaz magmatique ; 2) Systématique des gaz nobles et des isotopes du carbone sur le volcan Ciomadul, apparemment inactif (Roumanie): Preuve du dégazage volcanique ; 3) Fluides dérivés du manteau dans le bassin sédimentaire de Java oriental, Indonésie ; 4) Dégazage des volatiles du manteau dans un régime tectonique de compression hors du volcanisme: rôle de la délamination continentale ; 5) Dégazage continental de l'hélium dans un contexte tectonique actif (nord de l'Italie) : le rôle de la sismicitéIn my project, I used the nobles gases (He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe) to investigate natural processes occurring in different geodynamical contexts (i.e., subduction, continental collision, rifting), showing how the use of the noble gases is fundamental to constrain the origin of volatiles, and to investigate the Earth interior. Furthermore, I also used these volatiles to recognize the processes (water-gas-rock interaction) that occur during the fluids up rise from the Earth’s interior to the atmosphere and quantitatively constrain the extents of these processes. The results of my project are summarized in five main topics: 1) Insights into the degassing history of Earth’s mantle from high precision noble gas analysis of magmatic gas 2) Noble Gas and Carbon Isotope Systematics at the Seemingly Inactive Ciomadul Volcano (Romania): Evidence for Volcanic Degassing 3) Mantle‐Derived Fluids in the East Java Sedimentary Basin, Indonesia 4) Outgassing of Mantle Volatiles in Compressional Tectonic Regime Away From Volcanism: The Role of Continental Delamination 5) Continental degassing of helium in an active tectonic setting (northern Italy): the role of seismicity
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Almakari, Michelle. "Réactivation Hydro-Mécanique d’une Faille Rate & State ˸ Glissement, Sismicité et Évolution de Perméabilité." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEM065.
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Cette thèse est dédiée à l’étude de la réactivation de faille par injection de fluide, à l’aide d’un modèle hydro-mécanique de faille rate and state. Bien que les principaux mécanismes à l’origine de la réactivation de faille soient bien connus, différents aspects ne sont pas encore complètement explorés. Dans la première partie de cette thèse, on étudie le rôle du protocole d’injection (pression maximale et taux de pression d’injection), ainsi que le rôle des paramètres de frottement sur le taux de sismicité et la distribution de magnitude, pour des failles2-D hétérogènes. On souligne d’abord une corrélation temporelle entre le taux de sismicité et le taux de pression de pore gouvernant la faille. On montre ensuite une dépendance du taux de sismicité ainsi que de la distribution des magnitudes sur les paramètres d’injection. Une compensation entre ces deux existe pour de grandes valeurs du taux de pression d’injection. Ce comportement ne peut pas être abordé par le taux de sismicité proposé par Dietrich (1994). En outre, on montre que les failles ayant un comportement de frottement plus stable présente un taux de sismicité et un moment sismique plus faibles. Dans la dernière partie de cette étude, la variation de la diffusivité hydraulique au cours de l’injection de fluide avec l’accumulation du déplacement et la réduction de la contrainte normale effective sur la faille est abordée. On utilise des expériences d’injection (échelle du laboratoire) sur un échantillon d’andésite, où la pression de pore est mesurée à deux endroits sur la faille. En appliquant des méthodes d’inversion, on estime le meilleur modèle de diffusivité et les incertitudes associés, pouvant expliquer les données expérimentales. Avec ces résultats, on peut étendre notre modèle hydro-mécanique, afin de pouvoir calculer la pression de pore, la diffusivité hydraulique et le déplacement accumulé sur la failleThis PhD thesis is dedicated to the study of injection induced fault reactivation using a coupled hydro-mechanical rate and state modelof a fault. Even though the principal mechanisms behind induced fault reactivation are well known, different aspects are not yet fully explored, nor understood. In the first part of this thesis, we explore successively the role of the injection protocol (in particular, injection maximum pressure and injection pressure rate), and the fault frictional parameters on the rate of induced events and their magnitude content, for different heterogeneous 2-D fault configurations. We first point out a temporal correlation between the seismicity rate and the pore pressure rate governing the fault. We then show a dependence of the rate and magnitude content of the seismic events on the injection parameters, as well as the existence of an important trade-off between them, which could not be addressed using the Dietrich(1994)’s seismicity rate model. Concerning the frictional parameters, we show that for the faults tested in this study, the ones having a more stable frictional behavior exhibit a lower induced seismicity rate and seismic moment released. In the last part of this study, the variation of the hydraulic diffusivity during fluid injection with shear slip and effective stress reduction is addressed. For this, we use laboratory injection experiments on an Andesite rock sample, during which the pore pressure was measured at two locations along the fault plane. In an inversion framework, we estimate the best model and the associated uncertainties of an effective diffusivity history that could explain the experimental data. Using this information, we could extend our hydro-mechanical model, which would allow the computation of pore pressure, diffusivity and slip changes along the experimental fault
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shyh-yang, Sheu, and 許世陽. "Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Displacements, Stresses and Seismicity Patterns in Earthquake Process." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82250187313028371479.
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博士國立中正大學
地震研究所
92
The rheology of the Earth’s lithosphere is one of the important factors in causing time dependent deformation and stress variations following the large earthquake. For the analysis of tectonics beneath Taiwan, there is evidence to suggest that the lower crust underneath Taiwan display a ductile behavior. If so, then the ductile behavior of the lower crust must be involved in studies of postseismic deformations, transfer of stress and earthquake triggering. So far, this situation was never explored in this area. Consideration of models with viscous flow in the lower crust will help improve the understanding of information about the mechanics of controlling the time-dependent process and will be needed in order to accurately decipher this problem. The crust around the rupture zone of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake has tangible broad-scale postseismic deformations with a short relaxation time. In this work, we first study the mechanism of crustal early (97 days and 15 months after quake) postseismic deformation due to dip-slip earthquake. Taking into account the fault slip model, we calculate postseismic surface displacements caused by Chi-Chi earthquake in the central Taiwan using a three-dimensional finite element method for different assumed multi-layered Earth’s models. In order to determine the mechanism for early postseismic deformation and the evolution of stress for 2-year period following the earthquake the comparison of GPS data and theoretical calculations allows us to establish reasonable regional Earth’s model and rheological parameters of lower crust and upper mantle. Concerning the comparison of model result with real field observations, including spatial distribution of GPS surface measurements and aftershocks response to time dependent stress field, we could provide a more realistic rheological Earth’s model and explain phenomena previously not understood. Moreover, pattern dynamics will be applied to detect a non-local seismicity pattern prior to large-size earthquakes in Taiwan. We attempt to evaluate seismicity pattern of the future earthquake in Taiwan employing the catalogue for 1973-2000. Based on the exploration of the possible mechanism containing both the viscoelastic response model and the afterslip model in the early postseismic deformation of 1999 Chi-Chi quake, we compare theoretical surface displacements for each of the two models that we evaluate. The results reveal that there is little double, that while neither of these models alone are able to predict the GPS measurements well in a 97-day period, the combination of the two models improve the predictions considerably. We conclude that the afterslip mainly dominated Chi-Chi postseismic deformation in the rupture area, while the viscoelastic model did so elsewhere. Further consideration of tectonic loading in conjuction with postseismic deformation within the central Taiwan suggests that this effect may be negligible after 97 days, but it is significant for the long-term effect that we examined with 15-month GPS data. Combined with a Coulomb failure criterion we seek to validate our calculations of the static coseismic stress changes and time-dependent postseismic stress changes by comparing them to the observed seismicity rate changes associated with the Chi-Chi earthquake. In these calculations, we have considered the effect of a regional compressional stress field whose maximum principal axis is horizontal and oriented N119°E. The results show that static coseismic stress changes explain the apparent triggering of aftershocks by mainshock, especially those that occurred in the upper crust after the first several Maxwell times of the mainshock. The relaxation of the stress in the lower part of the crust can transfer stress up to the upper crust with a roughly steady rate. This means that the viscoelastic relaxation may be responsible for the triggering of aftershocks in the upper part (10 km) of crust in the long term. Finally, we investigate the non-local seismicity patterns in Taiwan by pattern dynamics. Most of the larger-size earthquakes occurred in areas of probability increase, yielding evidence for space-time patterns of seismic activity which reflect the existence of correlations in underlying stress or strain field.
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Chan, Chung-Han, and 詹忠翰. "Stress Evolution Associate with Seismicity during Coseismic and Postseismic Periods of the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, Earthquake." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6433u2.
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博士國立中央大學
地球物理研究所
94
In the past decade, many studies had proved the influences of static stress changes on spatial or temporal distribution of the aftershocks and further large earthquakes. By contrast, other studies have deepened the argument by resolving stress changes on aftershock focal mechanisms, which removes the assumption that the aftershocks are optimally oriented for failure. The 21st September 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake (Mw=7.6) produced a remarkable set of data and clearly exhibits stress transfer. Large amount of GPS static measurements and strong motion acceleration records recorded this event. Such a data set offers a unique opportunity to understand the earthquake process and the generation of ground motions. Furthermore, 7 of continuous monitoring GPS stations were set up near the Chelungpu fault, mostly within three weeks after the occurrence of Chi-Chi mainshock and about 80 campaign-surveyed stations were resurveyed up to 7 times from September 1999 to December 2000. We explore how Coulomb stress transfer might control aftershock distribution, long-term seismicity, and postseismic slip in a ramp-flat thrust fault system. The Mw=7.6 Chi-Chi shock, with a surface-cutting 30°-dipping ramp fault merging into a near-horizontal d?collement, is representative of continental thrust systems throughout the world, and so inferences drawn from this uniquely well-recorded event may be widely applicable elsewhere. The 3D distribution of aftershocks and their focal mechanisms are consistent with the calculated spatial distribution of Coulomb stress changes. Here one compares the percentage of planes on which failure is promoted after the main shock relative to the percentage beforehand. For Chi-Chi we find a 28% increase for thrust and an 18% increase for strike-slip mechanisms, commensurate with increases reported for other large main shocks. However, perhaps the chief criticism of static stress triggering is the difficulty in observing predicted seismicity rate decreases in the stress shadows, or sites of Coulomb stress decrease. Detection of sustained drops in seismicity rate demands a long catalog with a low magnitude of completeness and a high seismicity rate, conditions that are met at Chi-Chi. We find four lobes with statistically significant seismicity rate declines of 40–90% for 50 months, and they coincide with the stress shadows calculated for strikeslip faults, the dominant faulting mechanism. The rate drops are evident in uniform cell calculations, 100-month time series, and by visual inspection of the M≧3 seismicity. An additional reason why detection of such declines has proven so rare emerges from this study: there is a widespread increase in seismicity rate during the first 3 months after Chi-Chi, and perhaps many other main shocks, that might be associated with a different mechanism. And nearly all the M≧6 aftershocks are found to be promoted by several bars as a result of the mainshock. We further consider whether the stresses imparted by the coseismic slip could have triggered postseismic slip on the fault. We find a fair correlation between the inferred postseismic slip and regions of calculated stress increase on the ramp and d?collement. The correlation of stress with slip is best if the fault friction is very high (μ?=0.8) along the uppermost 5 km of the ramp, and if friction is exceedingly low (μ?=0.0) along the d?collement. Finally, we search for a change in aftershock distribution and rate caused by the postseismic d?collement slip. We find a marked decrease in aftershocks with respect to Omori decay where the postseismic slip is calculated to further depress the Coulomb stress, and an increase of seismicity and the rate of M ≧ 5.0 earthquakes in the corresponding positively stressed zones. The GPS observations suggest significant slip on the hanging wall of the Chelungpu fault, while little surface deformation is observed on the footwall. Repeated precise leveling survey across central Taiwan also shows significant uplift on the hanging wall of the Chelungpu faults during Aug. 2002 to Mar. 2004. we consider both of the afterslip and viscoelastic rebound behaviors during postseismic period to compare with geodesy data. They show good correlation between GPS observation on the hanging wall with the calculation deformation based on afterslip. On the footwall, by contrast, the calculation deformation based on viscoelastic rebound seems fit the observation better. We also estimate the stress evolution along the faults near the Chelungpu fault. During coseismic period, the shear stress along Changhua fault seems promoted by mainshock, while the normal stress is dropped. For the Shiaomao and Hsuilikeng faults, the normal stress is promoted, while the shear stress is dropped. During 15 mo. after Chi-Chi, the shear stress is dropped at shallow part of the Changhua fault, while it is enhanced at deep part. It also shows the normal stress along all of the faults is promoted them to failure. 50 years after Chi-Chi, the shear stress at deeper part of the Changhua, Shiaomao and most part of Hsuilikeng is promoted to failure. For the normal stress, except at shallow part of the Changhua fault, it shows stress dropped at rest of the faults.
Books on the topic "Evolution of seismicity"
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Boschi, E., E. Mantovani, and A. Morelli, eds. Recent Evolution and Seismicity of the Mediterranean Region. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2016-6.
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NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Recent Evolution and Seismicity of the Mediterranean Region (1992 Erice, Italy). Recent evolution and seismicity of the Mediterranean region. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1993.
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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Lithospheric structure, seismicity, and contemporary deformation of the United States Cordillera. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1985.
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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, ed. Lithospheric structure, seismicity, and contemporary deformation of the United States Cordillera. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1985.
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Mantovani, E., E. Boschi, and A. Morelli. Recent Evolution and Seismicity of the Mediterranean Region. Springer, 2012.
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Boschi, E. Recent Evolution and Seismicity of the Mediterranean Region. Ingramcontent, 2013.
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Sorkhabi, Rasoul. Tectonic Evolution, Collision, and Seismicity of Southwest AsiaIn Honor of Manuel Berberian’s Forty-Five Years of Research Contributions. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/spe525.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Evolution of seismicity"
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Udías, Agustín. "Seismicity of the Mediterranean Basin." In Geological Evolution of the Mediterranean Basin, 55–63. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8572-1_3.
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Riznichenko, Yurii Vladimirovich. "A Model of Space-Time Evolution of Seismicity." In Problems of Seismology, 120–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09446-4_4.
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Yamashita, Teruo, and Akito Tsutsumi. "Effects of Fluid Migration on the Evolution of Seismicity." In Involvement of Fluids in Earthquake Ruptures, 153–84. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56562-8_6.
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Şengör, A. M. C. "Some Current Problems on the Tectonic Evolution of the Mediterranean During the Cainozoic." In Recent Evolution and Seismicity of the Mediterranean Region, 1–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2016-6_1.
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Giardini, D., B. Palombo, and E. Boschi. "The Determination of Earthquake Size and Source Geometry in the Mediterranean Sea." In Recent Evolution and Seismicity of the Mediterranean Region, 213–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2016-6_10.
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Papadopoulos, G. A. "Tectonic and Seismic Processes of Various Space and Time Scales in the Greek Area." In Recent Evolution and Seismicity of the Mediterranean Region, 239–49. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2016-6_11.
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Slejko, D. "A Review of the Eastern Alps — Northern Dinarides Seismotectonics." In Recent Evolution and Seismicity of the Mediterranean Region, 251–60. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2016-6_12.
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Udias, A., and E. Buforn. "Regional Stresses in the Mediterranean Region Derived from Focal Mechanisms of Earthquakes." In Recent Evolution and Seismicity of the Mediterranean Region, 261–68. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2016-6_13.
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Drakopoulos, J., and G. N. Stavrakakis. "Source Process of Some Large Earthquakes in Greece and its Tectonic Implication." In Recent Evolution and Seismicity of the Mediterranean Region, 269–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2016-6_14.
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Cocco, M., G. Selvaggi, M. Bona, and A. Basili. "Recent Seismic Activity and Earthquake Occurrence Along the Apennines." In Recent Evolution and Seismicity of the Mediterranean Region, 295–312. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2016-6_15.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Evolution of seismicity"
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Dineva, Savka, and Mirjana Boskovic. "Evolution of seismicity at Kiruna Mine." In Eighth International Conference on Deep and High Stress Mining. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1704_07_dineva.
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Hui, Gang, Shengnan Chen, and Fei Gu. "A Novel Coupled Approach to Investigate the Spatiotemporal Evolution of Fracturing-Induced Seismicity: Case Study." In SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204156-ms.
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Abstract The recent seismicity rate increase in Fox Creek is believed to be linked to the hydraulic fracturing operations near the region. However, the spatiotemporal evolution of hydraulic fracturing-induced seismicity is not well understood. Here, a coupled approach of geology, geomechanics, and hydrology is proposed to characterize the spatiotemporal evolution of hydraulic fracturing-induced seismicity. The seismogenic faults in the vicinity of stimulated wells are derived from the focal mechanisms of mainshock event and lineament features of induced events. In addition, the propagation of hydraulic fractures is simulated by using the PKN model, in combination with inferred fault, to characterize the possible well-fault hydrological communication. The original stress state of inferred fault is determined based on the geomechanics analysis. Based on the poroelasticity theory, the coupled flow-geomechanics simulation is finally conducted to quantitatively understand the fluid diffusion and poroelastic stress perturbation in response to hydraulic fracturing. A case study of a moment-magnitude-3.4 earthquake near Fox Creek is utilized to demonstrate the applicability of the coupled approach. It is shown that hydraulic fractures propagated along NE45° and connected with one North-south trending fault, causing the activation of fault and triggered the large magnitude event during fracturing operations. The barrier property of inferred fault under the strike-slip faulting regime constrains the nucleation position of induced seismicity within the injection layer. The combined changes of pore pressure and poroelastic stress caused the inferred fault to move towards the failure state and triggered the earthquake swarms. The associated spatiotemporal changes of Coulomb Failure Stress along the fault plane is well in line with the spatiotemporal pattern of induced seismicity in the studied case. Risks of seismic hazards could be reduced by decreasing fracturing job size during fracturing stimulations.
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Thin, Iain, Nicole Edkins, L. Jeschke, and Adrian Winchester. "The Evolution of Seismicity and Subsequent Learning Experiences in Deep Lead, Mount Isa Mines, Xstrata Zinc." In Sixth International Symposium on Rockburst and Seismicity in Mines. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_repo/574_2.
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Ruiz Barajas, Sandra, Guillermo E. Alvarado, Belén Benito Oterino, and Álvaro Climent. "ANÁLISIS DE SISMICIDAD ASOCIADA AL LLENADO DE EMBALSES. CASO DEL CENTRO DE PRODUCCIÓN DE PIRRÍS (COSTA RICA)." In 1st Congress in Geomatics Engineering. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cigeo2017.2017.6666.
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The presented work is the result of a new collaboration between the Costa Rican Institute of Electricity (ICE) and the Technical University of Madrid (UPM) for the investigation of induced seismicity issues. Triggered seismicity associated with the filling of artificial water reservoirs is known since six decades ago. However, it is the case of triggered seismicity more complicated to model their effects. More than 100 cases of reservoir induced/triggered seismicity have been collected around the world and this issue continues today being a research topic of great importance. Indeed, new developments and contributions are constantly being made with the aim of achieve a better understanding of their characteristics and genesis. The main aim of the presented work is to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution of the seismic events recorded around the Pirrís reservoir before, during and after its filled. With the analysis of the seismic events we try to know and control the influence of the reservoir operations on the seismic activity of the area. Different parameters are studied, using methodologies proposed by different authors, in order to explain the possible effects of reservoir filling in changing the stress conditions in the environment and to detect any possible anomaly. Moreover, some analysis have been done in order to find a possible correlation between the water level in the reservoir and the evolution of the seismic activity recorded. Overall, the results of this study will provide important conclusions about the sensitivity of certain parameters to evaluate and model the effects of filling reservoirs on the seismic activity in the vicinity and we will present the spatial-temporal evolution of the seismicity associated with the specific case of the Pirrís hydraulic project.http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIGeo2017.2017.6666
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Zhao, Xiaoxi, and Birendra Jha. "Role of Inelasticity in Production-Induced Subsidence and Fault Reactivation in the Groningen Field." In SPE Reservoir Simulation Conference. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212234-ms.
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Abstract Long-term production of gas from the Groningen field has led to subsidence and seismicity in the region. Most of the prior Groningen modeling studies assumed elastic deformation of the reservoir due to the challenges in modeling poroplasticity in a reservoir with hundreds of faults and decades of production history. Here we quantify the role of inelastic deformation in production-induced subsidence and seismicity in the field via 3D high-resolution multiphysics modeling which couples multiphase flow and elastoplastic deformation in a complex geologic system made of claystone overburden, carboniferous underburden, and the gas-bearing sandstone reservoir compartmentalized with 100+ faults. We drive the model with four decades of historical production, spanning the period of induced seismicity, and two decades of future production under gas injection-enhanced recovery. We calibrate the model using the available pressure and subsidence data and analyze compartmentalized depletion and deformation due to spatially varying production and fault distribution. We analyze stress and strain in the caprock-reservoir depth interval to elucidate the role of inelasticity. We use the evolution in shear and normal tractions on seismogenic faults that hosted 1991-2012 seismicity to quantify the evolution in Coulomb stress and geomechanical stability of the faults.
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Ye, Zhi, and Ahmad Ghassemi. "Investigation of Micro-Seismicity and Permeability Evolution in Shale Fractures During Stimulation." In Unconventional Resources Technology Conference. Tulsa, OK, USA: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15530/urtec-2019-342.
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Varden, Richard, and Hendrik Esterhuizen. "Kanowna Belle ‒ evolution of seismicity with increasing depth in an ageing mine." In Sixth International Seminar on Deep and High Stress Mining. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1201_15_varden.
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Berentsen, Cas, and C. Hans de Pater. "Seismicity Induced by Cooling of CCS Reservoirs." In SPE EuropEC - Europe Energy Conference featured at the 83rd EAGE Annual Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209685-ms.
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Abstract CO2 injection into depleted gas fields involves long term cooling of the reservoir. Therefore, even if injection pressure is relatively small, the cooled volume still creates an extensive stress disturbance that can lead to changes in the shear and normal stress on faults. Destabilization of the faults will be especially strong when the cold front reaches a bounding (sealing) fault. Modelling the stress evolution provides an estimate of this effect and its timing. Induced seismicity due to CO2 injection has been observed in some projects. In the Netherlands, depleted gas reservoirs are used for storage, where faults can be critically stressed due to depletion compaction. Modelling methods of induced seismicity that were developed for gas production and storage can be beneficial for deep CCS projects, where potential leakage of stored fluids along activated faults is the main concern. Since CO2 injection may induce large thermal fractures, it is important to include thermal fracturing in the analysis of seismic risk since the pressure and temperature field may be influenced by the propagating thermal fractures. A geomechanical model is used to forecast seismicity risk. Benchmarking the model on the observed data is critical for validating the geomechanical modelling. Even in the absence of observed seismicity, the model can show the maximum slippage area that could occur, so that the extent of enhanced fault transmissibility can be bounded.
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Naderloo, M., A. Veltmeijer, A. Pluymakers, and A. Barnhoorn. "Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Stress Cycling on Seismicity Evolution During Fault Reactivation Process." In 83rd EAGE Annual Conference & Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202210415.
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Giroud, Sébastien, Yama Tomonaga, Matthias Brennwald, and Rolf Kipfer. "Monitoring dissolved gases in thermal water to assess the potential relation between fluid evolution and seismicity." In Goldschmidt2022. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2022.8935.
Full textReports on the topic "Evolution of seismicity"
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Elsworth, Derek, Ghazal Izadi, Quan Gan, Yi Fang, Josh Taron, and Eric Sonnenthal. THMC Modeling of EGS Reservoirs -- Continuum through Discontinuum Representations. Capturing Reservoir Stimulation, Evolution and Induced Seismicity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1202233.
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Bingham-Koslowski, N., L. T. Dafoe, M R St-Onge, E. C. Turner, J. W. Haggart, U. Gregersen, C. E. Keen, A. L. Bent, and J. C. Harrison. Introduction and summary. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/321823.
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The papers contained in this bulletin provide a comprehensive summary and updated understanding of the onshore geology and evolution of Baffin Island, the Labrador-Baffin Seaway, and surrounding onshore regions. This introductory paper summarizes and links the geological and tectonic events that took place to develop the craton and subsequent Proterozoic to Cenozoic sedimentary basins. Specifically, the Precambrian and Paleozoic geology of Baffin Island and localized occurrences underlying the adjacent Labrador-Baffin Seaway, the Mesozoic to Cenozoic stratigraphy and rift history that records the opening and evolution of the Labrador-Baffin Seaway, the seismicity of the region, as well as both the mineral (Baffin Island) and hydrocarbon (onshore and offshore) resource potential are discussed.
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Wozniakowska, P., D. W. Eaton, C. Deblonde, A. Mort, and O. H. Ardakani. Identification of regional structural corridors in the Montney play using trend surface analysis combined with geophysical imaging, British Columbia and Alberta. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328850.
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The Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) is a mature oil and gas basin with an extraordinary endowment of publicly accessible data. It contains structural elements of varying age, expressed as folding, faulting, and fracturing, which provide a record of tectonic activity during basin evolution. Knowledge of the structural architecture of the basin is crucial to understand its tectonic evolution; it also provides essential input for a range of geoscientific studies, including hydrogeology, geomechanics, and seismic risk analysis. This study focuses on an area defined by the subsurface extent of the Triassic Montney Formation, a region of the WCSB straddling the border between Alberta and British Columbia, and covering an area of approximately 130,000 km2. In terms of regional structural elements, this area is roughly bisected by the east-west trending Dawson Creek Graben Complex (DCGC), which initially formed in the Late Carboniferous, and is bordered to the southwest by the Late Cretaceous - Paleocene Rocky Mountain thrust and fold belt (TFB). The structural geology of this region has been extensively studied, but structural elements compiled from previous studies exhibit inconsistencies arising from distinct subregions of investigation in previous studies, differences in the interpreted locations of faults, and inconsistent terminology. Moreover, in cases where faults are mapped based on unpublished proprietary data, many existing interpretations suffer from a lack of reproducibility. In this study, publicly accessible data - formation tops derived from well logs, LITHOPROBE seismic profiles and regional potential-field grids, are used to delineate regional structural elements. Where seismic profiles cross key structural features, these features are generally expressed as multi-stranded or en echelon faults and structurally-linked folds, rather than discrete faults. Furthermore, even in areas of relatively tight well control, individual fault structures cannot be discerned in a robust manner, because the spatial sampling is insufficient to resolve fault strands. We have therefore adopted a structural-corridor approach, where structural corridors are defined as laterally continuous trends, identified using geological trend surface analysis supported by geophysical data, that contain co-genetic faults and folds. Such structural trends have been documented in laboratory models of basement-involved faults and some types of structural corridors have been described as flower structures. The distinction between discrete faults and structural corridors is particularly important for induced seismicity risk analysis, as the hazard posed by a single large structure differs from the hazard presented by a corridor of smaller pre-existing faults. We have implemented a workflow that uses trend surface analysis based on formation tops, with extensive quality control, combined with validation using available geophysical data. Seven formations are considered, from the Late Cretaceous Basal Fish Scale Zone (BFSZ) to the Wabamun Group. This approach helped to resolve the problem of limited spatial extent of available seismic data and provided a broader spatial coverage, enabling the investigation of structural trends throughout the entirety of the Montney play. In total, we identified 34 major structural corridors and number of smaller-scale structures, for which a GIS shapefile is included as a digital supplement to facilitate use of these features in other studies. Our study also outlines two buried regional foreland lobes of the Rocky Mountain TFB, both north and south of the DCGC.