Academic literature on the topic 'Evidence-based decisions'

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Journal articles on the topic "Evidence-based decisions"

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Clancy, Carolyn M., and Kelly Cronin. "Evidence-Based Decision Making: Global Evidence, Local Decisions." Health Affairs 24, no. 1 (January 2005): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.24.1.151.

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Charny, Mark. "Implementing evidence-based decisions." British Journal of Healthcare Management 7, no. 3 (March 2001): 108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjhc.2001.7.3.19076.

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Peacock, Amanda Belle. "Toward Evidence-Based Policy Decisions." Journal of Neuroscience Nursing 42, no. 3 (June 2010): E9—E16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jnn.0b013e3181d5bf33.

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Semya, G. V., V. V. Stanilevsky, A. A. Gazaryan, and A. S. Nekrasov. "Evidence-Based Approach in Management: Evidence-Based Management and Policy." Social Psychology and Society 13, no. 1 (2022): 209–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/sps.2022000001.

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Objective. Review of the concepts of “evidence-based approach in management”, “evidence-based management”, and “evidence-based policy”. Systematization of factors that inhibit and contribute to the dissemination of evidence-based management practices in the social sphere. Identification of priority measures to support the development of an evidence-based approach in the management in the social sphere.Background. Executives in general, and also in the social sphere, are facing challenges of an increasing level of uncertainty, which brings difficulties to make reliable forecasts and make decisions with guaranteed results. At the same time, there is a systemic crisis of resources, requiring the choice of strategies and tactics that provide the highest level of performance. An additional challenge is the increasing amount of operations and the emerging need for managers to make quick management decisions. Against this background, the evidence-based approach acquires particular importance, based on the idea of the need to rely on the findings of research and expertise, providing managers with relevant data for choosing certain areas of action.Methodology. Literature review.Conclusions. The evidence-based approach in management is a range of practices with various severity of requirements, connected by the need for evidence-based and expert data for decision-making. Evidence-based management is a process of implementing an evidence-based approach within the framework of the activities of different level managers. Evidence-based policy is the implementation of evidence-based principles in making political decisions. Promotion of the evidence-based approach in management encounters several barriers such as assessment, used methodology, finance. However, some conditions can positively influence its promotion among practitioners: the involvement of senior managers, specialized training, the convergence of practitioners and researchers, and other factors. The funding of research and its accessibility remains critical.
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Twesha Huidrom and Ravneet Malhi. "Evidence Based Decision Making: A Review." International Healthcare Research Journal 5, no. 7 (October 28, 2021): RV1—RV4. http://dx.doi.org/10.26440/ihrj/0507.10468.

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In today’s era, many of the decisions are based upon gut feeling, intuition, or instinct rather than relied on actual scientific data and facts. It’s important and essential to do the needful based on facts and not feelings for the best possible outcomes. Evidence based decision making in the field of healthcare describes the integration of basic rules of evidence as they evolve into implementation in daily practices. In dentistry, the principles of evidence-based decision making as well as a very common clinical dilemma to make a decision on whether to save and preserve the natural tooth or to extract and replace it with an implant or any sort of prosthesis is often experienced by a clinician easily. The need of evidence plays a very important role in making decisions. It helps provide a better outcome which will result in fewer casualties.
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Roshanghalb, Afsaneh, Emanuele Lettieri, Davide Aloini, Lorella Cannavacciuolo, Simone Gitto, and Filippo Visintin. "What evidence on evidence-based management in healthcare?" Management Decision 56, no. 10 (October 8, 2018): 2069–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-10-2017-1022.

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Purpose This manuscript discusses the main findings gathered through a systematic literature review aimed at crystallizing the state of art about evidence-based management (EBMgt) in healthcare. The purpose of this paper is to narrow the main gaps in current understanding about the linkage between sources of evidence, categories of analysis and kinds of managerial decisions/management practices that different groups of decision-makers put in place. In fact, although EBMgt in healthcare has emerging as a fashionable research topic, little is still known about its actual implementation. Design/methodology/approach Using the Scopus database as main source of evidence, the authors carried out a systematic literature review on EBMgt in healthcare. Inclusion and exclusion criteria have been crystallized and applied. Only empirical journal articles and past reviews have been included to consider only well-mature and robust studies. A theoretical framework based on a “process” perspective has been designed on these building blocks: inputs (sources of evidence), processes/tools (analyses on the sources of evidence), outcomes (the kind of the decision) and target users (decision-makers). Findings Applying inclusion/exclusion criteria, 30 past studies were selected. Of them, ten studies were past literature reviews conducted between 2009 and 2014. Their main focus was discussing the previous definitions for EBMgt in healthcare, the main sources of evidence and their acceptance in hospitals. The remaining studies (n=20, 67 percent) were empirical; among them, the largest part (n=14, 70 percent) was informed by quantitative methodologies. The sources of evidence for EBMgt are: published studies, real world evidence and experts’ opinions. Evidence is analyzed through: literature reviews, data analysis of empirical studies, workshops with experts. Main kinds of decisions are: performance assessment of organization units, staff performance assessment, change management, organizational knowledge transfer and strategic planning. Originality/value This study offers original insights on EBMgt in healthcare by adding to what we know from previous studies a “process” perspective that connects sources of evidence, types of analysis, kinds of decisions and groups of decision-makers. The main findings are useful for academia as they consolidate what we know about EBMgt in healthcare and pave avenues for further research to consolidate this emerging discipline. They are also useful for practitioners, as hospital managers, who might be interested to design and implement EBMgt initiatives to improve hospital performance.
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Meyer, Jonathan M. "Evidence-based Psychiatry: Outcomes and Decisions." Southern Medical Journal 100, no. 9 (September 2007): 861–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/smj.0b013e31806218a6.

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Hess, Cathy Thomas. "Pressure Ulcer Evidence-Based Treatment Pathway Integrated with Evidence-Based Decisions." Advances in Skin & Wound Care 26, no. 8 (August 2013): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.asw.0000432245.74419.ac.

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Hess, Cathy Thomas. "Pressure Ulcer Evidence-Based Treatment Pathway Integrated with Evidence-Based Decisions." Advances in Skin & Wound Care 26, no. 9 (September 2013): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.asw.0000434207.28117.5d.

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Johnstone, Paul, and Prabha Lacey. "Are decisions by purchasers in an English health district evidence-based?" Journal of Health Services Research & Policy 7, no. 3 (July 1, 2002): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/135581902760082472.

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Objectives: First, to investigate how many decisions by one commissioning body (district health authority) were based on evidence of effectiveness from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews of RCTs. Second, to investigate whether other types of quantitative studies and qualitative studies could be used as evidence to support commissioning decisions. Method: From three planning documents (for 1997-1998), all statements were identified. Effectiveness questions were constructed from each and used to search for evidence from trials and reviews in the Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 1998). Further searches for other studies (all methodologies) were performed on a subset of decisions and appraised by an independent expert panel. Results: A total of 124 decisions were identified of which two-thirds concerned organisation of care. Evidence existed for less than half (48.4%) the decisions, with 33.9% favouring the decision and 14.5% where evidence was either equivocal or unfavourable. From a random subset of ten decisions, relevant non-randomised quantitative studies and qualitative studies were identified for half the decisions. Evidence from economic evaluations was identified for only one decision. Conclusions: Large gaps in knowledge exist if health care purchasers are to base their decisions on evidence of effectiveness from RCTs. However, other types of evidence can be used to support such decisions. Summaries of research should be published in a format that is accessible to purchasers.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Evidence-based decisions"

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Chin, Ryan C. C. 1974. "Smart customization : making evidence-based environmental decisions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78200.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 177-179).
This thesis examines the environmental benefits created by the manufacture, distribution, and consumer use of products that are mass customized (MC) or produced "on-demand" and tailored to individual end-user preferences. Traditional mass production (MP) models take advantage of economies of scale by efficiently producing multiple copies of the same standard product. However, this also creates waste throughout the product life cycle. The waste of stocks, transportation, overproduction, and non-actuality (markdowns and disposal due to inability to move products in time) pose a problem for manufacturers to achieve financial and environmental sustainability. Studies have found that the textile industry can lose approximately one-third of total revenue ($300B) a year due to waste alone. The men's dress shirt industry serves as a comparative case study in this research, demonstrating the trade-offs between MC and MP methods and enabling evidence-based environmental decisions by manufacturers and consumers. In addition to an examination of the carbon footprint created by the manufacture and distribution of MC vs. MP men's dress shirts, this study includes experiments to understand, in detail, the environmental consequences of shirt acquisition and consumer use. Experiment participants are provided coupons to "purchase" two new dress shirts (one MC, one MP), which are embedded with washable and dry-clean proof RFID tags. A RFID tracking system deployed at the entrance and exit of the participants' offices collects data over a period of 60 working days to determine overall utilization patterns. Armed with this "post-transaction" information gathered by this tracking methodology and ethnographic findings (information that manufacturers often lack), this thesis provides an evidence-based guide that takes into account the environmental benefits of both MC and MP models to enable manufacturers to produce more sustainable products and consumers to practice "Responsible Consumerism."
by Ryan C. C. Chin.
Ph.D.
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Sansom, Rebecca Louise. "Understanding STEM Faculty Members' Decisions About Evidence-Based Instructional Practices." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9066.

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Traditional teaching practices in undergraduate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) courses have failed to support student success, causing many students to leave STEM fields and disproportionately affecting women and students of color. Although much is known about effective STEM teaching practices, many faculty continue to adhere to traditional methods, such as lecture. In this study, we investigated the factors that affect STEM faculty members' instructional decisions about evidence-based instructional practices (EBIPs). We performed a qualitative analysis of semistructured interviews with faculty members from the Colleges of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Life Sciences, and Engineering who took part in the STEM Faculty Institute (STEMFI) professional development program at the university. We also observed the participants' teaching behaviors using the Classroom Observation Protocol for Undergraduate STEM (COPUS) and investigated the relationship between faculty teaching behaviors and the individual, social, and contextual factors identified from the interview data. We found that internal factors, including attitudes and self-efficacy, were significantly correlated with student-centered teaching behaviors, while social and contextual factors were not significantly correlated with teaching behaviors. This result suggests that in addition to promoting positive teaching cultures and reducing barriers, efforts to support faculty change should emphasize changing faculty attitudes.
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Stretch, Vincent. "The nature of the evidence evaluated in recognition memory decisions : familiarity-based versus retrieval-based models /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9732686.

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Turriff, Alison. "The effective evidence-based high school librarian : a journey to decision." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/375.

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This thesis aims to establish how high school librarians in Scotland and America can become effective evidence-based decision-makers. Initial data collection consisted of written questionnaires to elicit background data from librarians on the extent of their evidence-based practice. Three main themes emerged: collaboration; interprofessional relationships and roles; and decision-making. These themes are discussed in more detail. A range of qualitative methodologies was designed and implemented to gain more in-depth information on practice and viewpoints, involving librarians and stakeholders. A draft model was created of the effective evidence-based practitioner in a high school library, based on an interpretation of findings and readings from the literature. After member-checking and validating by stakeholders, a final model was produced. This emergent model focuses not on the role of the school librarian in isolation, but stresses the importance of interrelationships involving the librarian. The study makes an original contribution to knowledge by giving a better understanding of the effective evidence-based high school librarian in the wider context of education. There is also a contribution to knowledge by adding to the general theory of workplace decision-making and evidence-based practice which is applicable outwith the school sector, and the pragmatic solution-driven model of decision-making is introduced. Key findings give an insight into the complexity of the school library situation, and highlights that ideally there will be positive relationships between school management, school librarian and collaboration. When these come together, it can mean an increase in student achievement, and more effective evidence-based decisions can be made. Findings also demonstrate links between these elements with evidence, national bodies and skills and qualities needed to be an effective evidence-based high school librarian, and identify how the new and complex expectations made of school librarians can be met. Recommendations are made to help stakeholders improve practice.
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Mutyala, Suhrullekha, and Shravani Nelapudi. "Assessing Barriers and Facilitators to Evidence Use in Decisions : A Tertiary and Interview Study." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-15457.

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Context. Decision-making is a significant step in development process of software engineering. Evidence-based Software Engineering has been one of the strategies attempting to facilitate decision-making process. It follows process of gathering suitable evidence in the aim of making a viable use the evidence. Objectives. In this study, evidence use in practice was mainly focused as a part of which barriers and facilitators concerning it were aspired to be obtained from the practitioners. Concerning existing evidence, it was also aimed in finding out and gathering the existing evidence in software engineering, as a contribution to the evidence use in practice. Methods. To obtain the outcomes for the specified objectives, an extensive tertiary study and 18 interviews were conducted. The tertiary study was replication of study by Kitchenham et al. [1]. It was also an updated version for the years of 2010 to 2016. The interviews were conducted among the software practitioners from several types of industries and regions. Results. 67 SLRs were analysed and extracted to gather and obtain existing evidence. 18 interviews were conducted among software practitioners to assess barriers and facilitators to evidence use in making decisions. Conclusions. We conclude from results of tertiary study that the research studies in every sub-domain are available under software engineering and are even increasing year by year. From the analysed results of the semi-structured interviews, it was clear that the implementation of research results in practice is inter-dependant on many major as well as trivial factors concerning the practitioners. Reference [1] B. Kitchenham et al., “Systematic literature reviews in software engineering – A tertiary study,” Inf. Softw. Technol., vol. 52, no. 8, pp. 792–805, Aug. 2010.
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Gobbo, Andrea. "The making of consumer decisions : revisiting the notions of evaluation and choice by reconstructing consumer habits through subject evidence based ethnography." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1066/.

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This research is concerned with processes of choice in consumers and models of consumer behaviour. It also envisages a broader contribution towards economics in general to clarify how preferences in economic agents arise and change. The research question is: “are the models and factors of evaluation predicted by experts applicable to real cases?” Factors of value and evaluation processes will be observed in real world participants and in everyday behaviour. The results will be compared to models found in the consumer research literature. The fieldwork will focus on a single activity carried out by a sample of consumers: shoe buying behaviour. The first set of data is drawn from 11+11 open ended interviews of participants chosen in the two complementary groups of experts and consumers for the purpose of construal identification. The second stream of data relies on an ethnographic approach that involves recording first-person experiences by use of a miniature camera applied at eye-level, or “subcam” (17 participants). The recordings are analysed in order to reconstruct the choice processes through content analysis of events. The third stream of data in the research is produced by means of replay interviews conducted on those same participants who produced the subjective recordings (selection of 12 participants). Using a first-person ethnographic method allowed: (i) A more exact tracking of the actions involved in the choice process versus standard participant observation or in-shop surveillance cameras, (ii) intersubjective post-hoc account of the recorded activity and, (iii) elicitation of reflective rationalization from the participants in narrative form. The material collected at this step underwent a special kind of process analysis involving memory registers. Findings suggest the need to re-rank factors typically considered for choice in consumer behaviour. A fundamental rebalancing of weight must be attributed to habits versus rational evaluation as long-term factor of choice. Equally short-term factors, like emotions and attitudes, acquire distinctive significance in connection with environmental cues that are susceptible to trigger their repetition in future shopping episodes. The contribution to methodology is twofold. The empirical component extends the use of firstperson ethnographic methods to self-reporting of consumer activities in addition to introspective and survey methods. Activity reconstruction led to amending consumer behaviour models by including the influence of social environment found in installation theory.
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Syrowatka, Ania. "Understanding the Role of the Ottawa Ankle Rules in Physicians' Radiography Decisions: A Social Judgment Analysis Approach." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22854.

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Clinical decision rules improve health care fidelity, benefit patients, physicians and healthcare systems, without reducing patient safety or satisfaction, while promoting cost-effective practice standards. It is critical to appropriately and consistently apply clinical decision rules to realize these benefits. The objective of this thesis was to understand how physicians use the Ottawa Ankle Rules to guide radiography decision-making. The study employed a clinical judgment survey targeting members of the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians. Statistical analyses were informed by the Brunswik Lens Model and Social Judgment Analysis. Physicians’ overall agreement with the ankle rule was high, but can be improved. Physicians placed greatest value on rule-based cues, while considering non-rule-based cues as moderately important. There is room to improve physician agreement with the ankle rule and use of rule-based cues through knowledge translation interventions. Further development of this Lens Modeling technique could lend itself to a valuable cognitive behavioral intervention.
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Vydrová, Rosa. "Evidence based management ve zdravotnictví." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72289.

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Evidence-based management involves decision making based on the best available scientific knowledge about effective organization practice. This evidence can be obtained from internal or systematic external research. Analysis of measures to prevent infections in hemato-oncologic patients a Prague teaching hospital revealed, that current organization practices do not allow a high quality internal research assessing provided health care quality. Causes of barriers to practice evidence-based approach in the organization processes and potential solutions are debated. In healthcare, Evidence-based management has a significant impact on improving the quality of provided care via identification of the best processes of integrating the outcomes of evidence-based medicine into the routine clinical practice. The aim of this work was to fill in absent information about evidence-based management in Czech academic literature and to introduce the ideas, principles and tools of evidence-based practice, as well as information on available sources of scientific evidence and activities that help adopting the evidene-based approach to management.
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Yet, Barbaros. "Bayesian networks for evidence based clinical decision support." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2013. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/9096.

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Evidence based medicine (EBM) is defined as the use of best available evidence for decision making, and it has been the predominant paradigm in clinical decision making for the last 20 years. EBM requires evidence from multiple sources to be combined, as published results may not be directly applicable to individual patients. For example, randomised controlled trials (RCT) often exclude patients with comorbidities, so a clinician has to combine the results of the RCT with evidence about comorbidities using his clinical knowledge of how disease, treatment and comorbidities interact with each other. Bayesian networks (BN) are well suited for assisting clinicians making evidence-based decisions as they can combine knowledge, data and other sources of evidence. The graphical structure of BN is suitable for representing knowledge about the mechanisms linking diseases, treatments and comorbidities and the strength of relations in this structure can be learned from data and published results. However, there is still a lack of techniques that systematically use knowledge, data and published results together to build BNs. This thesis advances techniques for using knowledge, data and published results to develop and refine BNs for assisting clinical decision-making. In particular, the thesis presents four novel contributions. First, it proposes a method of combining knowledge and data to build BNs that reason in a way that is consistent with knowledge and data by allowing the BN model to include variables that cannot be measured directly. Second, it proposes techniques to build BNs that provide decision support by combining the evidence from meta-analysis of published studies with clinical knowledge and data. Third, it presents an evidence framework that supplements clinical BNs by representing the description and source of medical evidence supporting each element of a BN. Fourth, it proposes a knowledge engineering method for abstracting a BN structure by showing how each abstraction operation changes knowledge encoded in the structure. These novel techniques are illustrated by a clinical case-study in trauma-care. The aim of the case-study is to provide decision support in treatment of mangled extremities by using clinical expertise, data and published evidence about the subject. The case study is done in collaboration with the trauma unit of the Royal London Hospital.
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Osop, Hamzah Bin. "A practice-based evidence approach for clinical decision support." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/123320/2/Hamzah%20Bin%20Osop%20Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis studies the conceptualisation and evaluation of a Practice-Based Evidence approach to decision making in healthcare. It examines the existing ICT architecture of a public hospital in Singapore to design a decision support system that leverages practical clinical evidence meaningfully captured in electronic health records. In doing so, healthcare professionals are supported in decision making through findings from past similar patients that can be generalised to the current patient population.
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Books on the topic "Evidence-based decisions"

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Gross, Richard. Decisions and evidence in medical practice. St. Louis: Mosby, 2001.

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Making medical decisions: An approach to clinical decision making for practicing physicians. Philadelphia: American College of Medicine, 1999.

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Ian, Shemilt, ed. Evidence-based decisions and economics: Health care, social welfare, education, and criminal justice. 2nd ed. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.

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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Difficult Decisions in Thoracic Surgery: An Evidence-Based Approach. London: Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2011.

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Evidence-based healthcare: How to make health policy and management decisions. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1997.

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Giammarco, Rose. Critical decisions in headache management. Hamilton: B.C. Decker, 1998.

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1935-, Rosen Peter, ed. Bullets in emergency medicine: Review and reminders in pursuit of evidence-based decisions. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2009.

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Improving teacher quality: Using the teacher work sample to make evidence-based decisions. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Education, 2009.

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Henning, John E. Improving teacher quality: Using the teacher work sample to make evidence-based decisions. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Education, 2009.

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Feldman, William. Take control of your health: The essential roadmap to making the right health care decisions. Toronto: Key Porter Books, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Evidence-based decisions"

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Schober, Madrean. "Evidence-Based Policy Decisions." In Strategic Planning for Advanced Nursing Practice, 49–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48526-3_4.

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Brunetti, Massimo, Francis Ruiz, Joanne Lord, Silvia Pregno, and Andrew D. Oxman. "Grading Economic Evidence." In Evidence-Based Decisions and Economics, 114–33. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444320398.ch10.

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Mugford, Miranda, Ian Shemilt, Luke Vale, Kevin Marsh, Cam Donaldson, and Jacqueline Mallender. "From Effectiveness to Efficiency? An Introduction to Evidence-Based Decisions and Economics." In Evidence-Based Decisions and Economics, 1–7. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444320398.ch1.

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Stanley, T. D. "Meta-Regression Models of Economics and Medical Research." In Evidence-Based Decisions and Economics, 134–45. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444320398.ch11.

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Wilson, Ed, and Keith Abrams. "From Evidence-Based Economics to Economics-Based Evidence: Using Systematic Review to Inform the Design of Future Research." In Evidence-Based Decisions and Economics, 146–61. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444320398.ch12.

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Lessard, Chantale, and Stephen Birch. "Complex Problems or Simple Solutions? Enhancing Evidence-Based Economics to Reflect Reality." In Evidence-Based Decisions and Economics, 162–72. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444320398.ch13.

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Vale, Luke. "Evidence-Based Decisions and Economics: Lessons for Practice." In Evidence-Based Decisions and Economics, 173–78. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444320398.ch14.

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Drummond, Michael. "Evidence-Based Decisions and Economics: An Agenda for Research." In Evidence-Based Decisions and Economics, 179–85. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444320398.ch15.

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Abdelhamid, Asmaa, and Ian Shemilt. "Glossary of Terms." In Evidence-Based Decisions and Economics, 186–97. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444320398.ch16.

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Marsh, Kevin. "The Role of Review and Synthesis Methods in Decision Models." In Evidence-Based Decisions and Economics, 8–22. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444320398.ch2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Evidence-based decisions"

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"Combining Video and Player Telemetry for Evidence-based Decisions in Soccer." In Special Session on Performance Analysis in Soccer: How is Technology Challenging Practices? SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004676101970205.

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Jiang, Steven, Kehinde Odubela, and Lauren Davis. "Evidence-based decision making using visual analytics for a local food bank." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002587.

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Food insecurity is defined as an individual or household’s inability or limited access to safe and nutritious food that every person in the household need for an active, healthy life. In this research, we apply visual analytics, the integration of data analytics and interactive visualization, to provide evidence-based decision-making for a local food bank to better understand the people and communities in its service area and improve the reach and impact of the food bank. We have identified the indicators of the need, rates of usage, and other factors related to the general accessibility of the food bank and its programs. Interactive dashboards were developed to allow decision-makers of the food bank to combine their field knowledge with the computing power to make evidence-based informed decisions in complex hunger relief operations.
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Verminski, Alan. "Share Those Stats! Collaborating With Faculty to Make Evidence‐Based Serials Collection Development Decisions." In Charleston Conference. Against the Grain, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315590.

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Molinet, Benjamin, Santiago Marro, Elena Cabrio, Serena Villata, and Tobias Mayer. "ACTA 2.0: A Modular Architecture for Multi-Layer Argumentative Analysis of Clinical Trials." In Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-22}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/859.

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Evidence-based medicine aims at making decisions about the care of individual patients based on the explicit use of the best available evidence in the patient clinical history and the medical literature results. Argumentation represents a natural way of addressing this task by (i) identifying evidence and claims in text, and (ii) reasoning upon the extracted arguments and their relations to make a decision. ACTA 2.0 is an automated tool which relies on Argument Mining methods to analyse the abstracts of clinical trials to extract argument components and relations to support evidence-based clinical decision making. ACTA 2.0 allows also for the identification of PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) elements, and the analysis of the effects of an intervention on the outcomes of the study. A REST API is also provided to exploit the tool’s functionalities.
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Punnett, Grant, Leanne Howieson, Charlotte J. Heaven, Sally Taylor, Carole Mula, Wendy Makin, and Janelle Yorke. "163 Evaluation of can-guide (cancer-goal use in decisions): a decision making support package to enhance shared decision making in progressing cancer." In The APM’s Annual Supportive and Palliative Care Conference, In association with the Palliative Care Congress, “Towards evidence based compassionate care”, Bournemouth International Centre, 15–16 March 2018. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-aspabstracts.190.

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Mao, Songping, Zuxu Zou, Yunxia Xue, and Yuanlin Li. "A Model based on the Coupled Rules of Evidence Theory used in Multiple Objective Decisions." In 2014 International Conference on Global Economy, Finance and Humanities Research (GEFHR 2014). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/gefhr-14.2014.23.

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Griffiths, Ann, Daniel Monnery, Alison Coackley, Amanda Watson, Sinead Benson, Claire Cadwallader, and Malcom Cooper. "16 Decisions and discussions relating to dnacpr in a regional cancer centre." In The APM’s Annual Supportive and Palliative Care Conference, In association with the Palliative Care Congress, “Towards evidence based compassionate care”, Bournemouth International Centre, 15–16 March 2018. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-aspabstracts.43.

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Aughenbaugh, Jason Matthew, and Christiaan J. J. Paredis. "The Value of Using Imprecise Probabilities in Engineering Design." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-85354.

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Engineering design decisions inherently are made under uncertainty. In this paper, we consider imprecise probabilities (i.e. intervals of probabilities) to express explicitly the precision with which something is known. Imprecision can arise from fundamental indeterminacy in the available evidence or from incomplete characterizations of the available evidence and designer’s beliefs. Our hypothesis is that, in engineering design decisions, it is valuable to explicitly represent this imprecision by using imprecise probabilities. We support this hypothesis with a computational experiment in which a pressure vessel is designed using two approaches, both variations of utility-based decision making. In the first approach, the designer uses a purely probabilistic, precise best-fit normal distribution to represent uncertainty. In the second approach, the designer explicitly expresses the imprecision in the available information using a probability box, or p-box. When the imprecision is large, this p-box approach on average results in designs with expected utilities that are greater than those for designs created with the purely probabilistic approach. In the context of decision theory, this suggests that there are design problems for which it is valuable to use imprecise probabilities.
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Searle, T. R. "Assessing the Trustworthiness of Manned and Unmanned Ships." In Marine Electrical and Control Systems Safety Conference. IMarEST, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.24868/issn.2515-8198.2019.002.

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One of the key challenges ship builders will face when introducing more complex control, and increasing autonomy, is managing the large volume of information that will be available to operators (who may be in a remote location) and providing a level of confidence in the correct operation of the system. Furthermore, ship operators will need to understand the implications of any unexpected or anomalous behaviour in terms of the impact on the capability and operability of the ship. This paper presents a novel strategy for aggregating the large amounts of information, and modulating the information presented to the operator through an independent system of “trustworthiness” assessment. The trustworthiness concept provides a means by which complex decisions can be more easily assessed and actioned in the face of multiple sources of evidence. Complex decisions are broken down into a hierarchy of factors, each of which considers its own sources of evidence and the implication of this evidence on distinct aspects of the ship. In some cases, the data constituting a given source of evidence might not be reliable – it could be noisy, partial, or completely absent. If left un-monitored, this could result in a control system making an incorrect decision based on missing or poor quality input data. The ability to assimilate data whilst conveying any uncertainty or absence of data can guard against poor decision-making. In the presence of a multitude of sensors that all contribute towards a single decision, the trustworthiness concept can combine the outputs, consider the full breadth of the available information, and process them with limited human oversight requirement, to ultimately make more informed decisions in a more timely manner. This calculated value of trust provides useful contextual information valuable for many different purposes. For example, it can be used to modulate the amount of intervention required by the operator, and the level of detail of information presented to them. It can also be used to adjust the size of an exclusion zone for an autonomous ship, to reduce the likelihood of collisions. Our paper/presentation will describe the assessment process and the proposed structure of trustworthiness as applied to the marine industry, and shall provide the audience with examples of how this could be implemented in practice to safely reduce manning requirements on autonomous, or semi-autonomous ships.
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Radcliffe, Christina, and Ruth Roberts. "49 A review of documentation of dnacpr decisions within a hospice ipu setting over time." In The APM’s Annual Supportive and Palliative Care Conference, In association with the Palliative Care Congress, “Towards evidence based compassionate care”, Bournemouth International Centre, 15–16 March 2018. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-aspabstracts.76.

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Reports on the topic "Evidence-based decisions"

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Banerjee, Onil, Martin Cicowiez, and Renato Vargas. Integrating the Value of Natural Capital in Evidence-Based Policy Making. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002900.

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This paper describes how Natural Capital Accounting (NCA) can be integrated into economy wide analytical frameworks to enhance evidence based decision making. Examples from applications of the Integrated Environmental Economic Modelling (IEEM) Platform show how explicitly accounting for the contributions of the environment to the economy in economic forecasting can lead to substantially different policy recommendations, overcoming some of the scope limitations of traditional economic performance analysis. Furthermore, the paper describes how NCA can be integrated into more traditional economic performance measurements, such as the System of National Accounts and their indicators such as adjusted Gross Domestic Product and Genuine Savings. Integration of natural capital into economy-wide analytical frameworks leads to better policy uptake of research findings and it empowers policymakers to avoid short-sighted decisions, which, although they can generate short-term economic gain, can have adverse consequences for economic, social, and environmental sustainability in the long run.
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Ditterich, Jochen. Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Perceptual Decisions Between Multiple Alternatives Based on Multiple Sources of Evidence. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada567245.

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Millington, Kerry. COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.117. Institute of Development Studies, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.041.

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This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision-makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Clinical characteristics and management; Epidemiology and modeling; Testing; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs and Online learning & events.
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Millington, Kerry, and Samantha Reddin. COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.109. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.012.

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This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Epidemiology and modelling; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Social Science; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs; and Online learning & events.
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Millington, Kerry. COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.113. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.023.

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This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Clinical characteristics and management; Infection Prevention and Control; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs and Online learning & events.
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Millington, Kerry, and Samantha Reddin. COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.108. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.007.

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This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision-makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Clinical characteristics and management; Epidemiology and modelling; Testing; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs; and Online learning & events
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Millington, Kerry. COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.115. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.030.

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This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Clinical characteristics and management; Epidemiology and modelling; Infection Prevention and Control; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Indirect impact of COVID-19; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs; and Online learning & events.
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Millington, Kerry. COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.116. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.035.

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This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision-makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Clinical characteristics and management; Epidemiology and modelling; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Indirect impact of COVID-19; Health systems; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs and Online learning & events.
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Piotrowski, Helen. COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.121. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.065.

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This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision-makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Clinical characteristics and management; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Leadership and governance; Health systems; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs; and Online learning & events.
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Millington, Kerry, and Samantha Reddin. COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.112. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.021.

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This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision-makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Epidemiology and modelling; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Indirect impact of COVID-19; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Guidelines, Statements & Tools; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs; and Online learning & events.
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