Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Événements en traitement du langage'
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Garnier, Alexandre. "Langage dédié au traitement des événements complexes et modélisation des usages pour les réseaux de capteurs." Thesis, Nantes, Ecole des Mines, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EMNA0287/document.
Full textUsages of the internet of things experience an exponential growth these last few years. As a matter of fact, this is the result of, on one hand the significantly lowercosts in embedded computing systems, on the other hand the maturing of the software layers. From protocols and networks (CoAP, IPv6, etc) to standardization of ATMEL microcontrollers, tools at hand allow a better communication between more and more various sensors. This diversification gather every day users with different needs, expectations and fields of expertise, each one of them having his own approch, his own understanding of the connected things. The main issue concerns the complexity of the sensor networks, with regard to this necessity to address deeply different usages. Based on a single heterogeneous sensor network, it is critical to be able to meet the needs of each user, without having them to master the network beyond their own field of expertise. The tool described in this document aims at addressing this issue via a query engine dedicated to the processing of data collected from the sensors. Towards this end, it relies on a modelling of the sensors within several contexts, each of them reflecting a specific usage. On this basis a domain-specific language is provided, allowing complex event processing over the data monitored by the sensors. Furthermore, the implementation of this tool allows to interact with optional actuation functionalities of the sensor network
Arnulphy, Béatrice. "Désignations nominales des événements : étude et extraction automatique dans les textes." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00758062.
Full textSaval, Arnaud. "Modèle temporel, spatial et sémantique pour la découverte de relations entre événements." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN2098.
Full textThe popularity of social networks and new forms of communication has led to the emergence of new sources of information that should be studied. Anyone is able to publish and highlight information of interest. Today, these behaviors appear as ways to track a topic of interest: eg H1N1. However, the automatic processing of such information needs to be improved in order to define semantically a topic of interest (the implications of the Tsunami in Myanmar). This thesis propose a semantic extension of the modeling of events in time and space to represent the evolution of these topics of interest. This report explains how to use the introduced formalism to define the methods of reasoning on a knowledge base structured to improve the representation of the situation by discovering relationships in this information
Erckert, Guillaume. "La "médiatisation anticipative" des jeux olympiques de Pékin : une sociologie du traitement journalistique des événements futurs." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG002/document.
Full textThe future events, non actual and still unknown, are often similar to meaningless phenomena on a rational and well-founded way. Nevertheless, written press journalists regularly report the big current events to come in the national dailies. It means that many political, sports and cultural events, which are media scheduled, have not yet occurred. Bearing this in mind, this doctoral thesis depicts the process of " proactive mediatisation ", which aims at understanding how some journalists from Le Monde, Le Figaro and Libération objectively succeed in giving a meaning to the Beijing Olympic Games several years before their staging. A qualitative and comprehensive study, built on theoretical tools from phenomenology based sociology, has been carried out. It enables us to analyse the social and cognitive logics leading the journalists in their prediction, which reveals that the anticipation of this big sports event is the result of a argued journalistic process built on three intermingled schema. The first one contextualizes the event from cases observed in the present time. The second schema identifies this event in facing other past events typically similar. The last schema interprets the Beijing Olympic Games by forecasting a likely future
Bernard, Guillaume. "Détection et suivi d’événements dans des documents historiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LAROS032.
Full textCurrent campaigns to digitise historical documents from all over the world are opening up new avenues for historians and social science researchers. The understanding of past events is renewed by the analysis of these large volumes of historical data: unravelling the thread of events, tracing false information are, among other things, possibilities offered by the digital sciences. This thesis focuses on these historical press articles and suggests, through two opposing strategies, two analysis processes that address the problem of tracking events in the press. A simple use case is for instance a digital humanities researcher or an amateur historian who is interested in an event of the past and seeks to discover all the press documents related to it. Manual analysis of articles is not feasible in a limited time. By publishing algorithms, datasets and analyses, this thesis is a first step towards the publication of more sophisticated tools allowing any individual to search old press collections for events, and why not, renew some of our historical knowledge
Nogues-Berthelot, Sonia Nicole. "Les prédicats nominaux à verbes supports d'évènement en espagnol contemporain." Paris 13, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA131020.
Full textA descriptive phase precedes the automatic treatment of language. The present study is an observation of predicates of event in Spanish. The syntactic and semantic behaviours were examined to end with the setting of subclasses of predicates. These classes get organized according to the type of support verb selected by the predicate or according to an appropriate operator (nominal, verbal or adjective operator). In Spanish and French there are created events, fortuitous events, events with double prospect an cyclic events. The four subclasses were observed then refined according to the same criteria. These descriptions are completed by the analysis of the support aspect verbs and by the study of intrinsic aspect of the predicate noun to specify again the syntactic and semantic characteristics of each subclass of predicates of events in Spanish
Gruer, Juan Pablo. "Eléments de synchronisation pour un langage temps-réel de commande de procédés." Mulhouse, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MULH0105.
Full textJean, Alain. "Le traitement des imprévus par les professeurs stagiaires de technologie en formation initiale à l'IUFM : Quels gestes d'ajustement en situation de classe ? Quelle utilisation pour leur développement professionnel ?" Phd thesis, Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30030.
Full textWithin the framework of teachers’ training, this research targets the way unexpected incidents are dealt with by new teachers and expert teachers in technology in secondary schools. That is why we try to clarify the concept of unexpected incidents and events to define a triptych that models the transformations made between unexpected incidents, phenomena and events. Thanks to these analyses, we single out the professional gestures that are used so as to handle the disturbance that has cropped up. Our approach is based on action in situation, work analysis, subject didactics and professional didactics. This research focusing on the activity of new teachers aims at improving their training. By analysing the results of the research, we show that unexpected incidents play an important part in the technology teacher’s activity. The analyses that have been carried out add some more elements to the description of the professional gestures of adjustment to cope with unexpected incidents. They detail how the teacher of technology uses speech pragmatism to adjust his teaching didactics to the unexpected incidents and to the unfolding of the lesson. We also show that language activities acted by the teachers through the professional gestures of adjustment are typical of both new teachers and expert teachers. We believe that we can understand the strategies and adjustments of the teachers thanks to the notion of the combination of professional gestures. These analyses eventually show that some gestures of adjustment and their combination are specifically related to the subject “secondary school technology” and to the activities given to the pupils
Van, Ham Jurgen Michael. "Seamless concurrent programming of objects, aspects and events." Thesis, Nantes, Ecole des Mines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EMNA0118/document.
Full textThe advanced concurrency abstractions provided by the Join calculus overcome the drawbacks of low-level techniques such as locks and monitors. They rise the level of abstraction, freeing programmers that implement concurrent applications from the burden of concentrating on low-level details. However, with current approaches the coordination logic involved incomplex coordination schemas is fragmented into several pieces including join patterns, data emissions triggered in different places of the application, and the application logic that implicitly creates dependencies among channels, hence indirectly among join patterns. We present JEScala, a language that captures coordination schemas in a more expressive and modular way by leveraging a seamless integration of an advanced event system with join abstractions. We implement Joins-based state machines using JEScala and introduce a domain specific language for finite state machines that make faster alternative implementations possible. We validate our approach with case studies and we provide a first performance assessment. We compare the performance of three different implementations of a finite state machine. Finally, we validate the idea of constructing a concurrent JEScala program by using the parts of a sequential Event-Based program in combination with an event monitor, a component that synchronizes handling of multiple events
Boyarm, Aristide. "Contribution à l'élaboration d'un langage de simulation à événements discrets pour modèles continus." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX30050.
Full textMeunier, Fanny. "Morphologie et traitement du langage parlé." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05H084.
Full textA major issue in the study of human language concerns the way the stored representations of words are accessed during speech processing. The research work i have carried out so far approaches this question through the special case of morphologically complex words (e. G. , 'undo', 'asymmetry'). Because of their structure, these words allow clearer insight than the monomorphemic ones into the nature of representation and retrieval processes within the 'mental lexicon'. More specifically, we raised two critical questions: (a) how is morphological structure represented mentally? And (b) how are polymorphemic words accessed during spoken language recognition? The experiments i conducted within my ph d have shown that there are both representational and processing differences between derivationally prefixed (e. G. , distrust) and suffixed forms (e. G. , trustful) the first series of experiments used a lexical decision task, performed on auditorily presented words. Our results clearly suggests that prefixed words, just like monomorphemic items, are processed in a temporally continuous way ('from left to right'), that is, without prelexical decomposition (i. E. , without words being broken down into their constituent morphemes prior to lexical access). The processing of suffixed words, on the other hand, is influenced by the rest of their 'morphological family'. All suffixed relatives of a stem are listed fully within their stem's lexical entry, and the place they occupy within this list depends on their frequency (the most frequent ones coming 'on top'). Thus, the speed with which a suffixed form is accessed will depend on its 'place' within its family. A second series of experiments used a cross-modal priming paradigm (an auditory prime was immediately followed by the presentation of a visual target, on which subjects performed a lexical decision). These experiments showed that there exists between all three member types (stem, suffixed and prefixed forms) links of a purely morphological nature (that is, other than purely semantic or formal). All these experiments give keys concerning the way morphological complex words are treated and concerning their representations format. In the last part of our work, we proposed a model that take all our results into account
Aguilar, Louche Nathalie. "La production automatique et délibérée des inférences de la conséquence des événements et des actions : expérimentations et simulations." Université de Provence. Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines (1969-2011), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10047.
Full textAmeli, Samila. "Construction d'un langage de dictionnaire conceptuel en vue du traitement du langage naturel : application au langage médical." Compiègne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989COMPD226.
Full textThis study deals with the realisation of a « new generation » information retrieval system, taking consideration of texts signification. This system compares texts (questions and documents) by their content. A knowledge base being indispensable for text “comprehension”, a dictionary of concepts has been designed in which are defined the concepts and their mutual relations thru a user friendly language called SUMIX. SUMIX enables us (1) to solve ambiguities due to polysemia by considering context dependencies, (2) to make use of property inheritance and so can largely help cogniticiens in the creation of the knowledge and inference base, (3) to define subject dependant relation between concepts which make possible metaknowledge handling. The dictionary of concepts is essentially used (1) to index concepts (and not characters string) which enables us to select a wide range of documents in the conceptual extraction phase, (2) to filter the previously selected documents by comparing the structure of each document with that of the query in the structural analysis phase
Wang, Wei. "Histoire et sémiologie des représentations de l’unité du peuple chinois (1949-2009) et le traitement médiatique des conflits au Tibet (2008) et au Xinjiang (2009)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020043.
Full textThe present thesis in History and Semiology concentrates on the representations of the unity of Chinese people (1949-2009) and the media coverage of conflicts in Tibet (2008) and Xinjiang (2009). From a semiotic approach, the analysis of images and texts give us an overview of how the information discourse, political discourse and cultural industry discourse, promote the unity of the Chinese people. This current research focuses on the writings of the Chinese government whose main concerns are to construct a collective narrative of a harmonious society and to maintain a united nation at the time of two social crises between the Han Chinese and other Chinese ethnic minorities. The year of 2008 should, thanks to the Olympic Games, be the year in favor of the nation-branding of a victorious in China. However, five months before the opening of the Beijing Olympics, the events in Lhasa -the capital of the Tibet Autonomous Region- put the Chinese government under pressure and brought to light the great divide between the Han and the Tibetans. A year later, riots occurred in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. In order to analyze the media narrative, we compare different points of view of both Chinese and French journalists on these events. We also observe how a number of Uyghurs participated in a rehabilitation movement of Xinjiangrens (people of Xinjiang) after the publication of the book I come from Xinjiang - a work that is a part of our corpus. As a result, this thesis observes how, in 21st centry, the news, the television series, the official writings of the history promoted by the Chinese government, a diverse range of productions of cultural industries (new technology of information and communication, social network, cinema, TV program and the traditional media...) contribute to re-write a new collective legend of the unity of Chinese people
Guercin, François. "Un langage formel pour le traitement des chroniques." Aix-Marseille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX10012.
Full textThis thesis presents a formal approach to the study of time series. This approach led us to define time series as a function of the temporal organization of complex activities found in psychology,and then to characterize some descriptive statistical processing in terms of the selection and comparison of sub-series. Five formal operations suffice to account for selection on the set of the sub-series, fitted with a boolean lattice structure. Questions about how temporally-coded data might be formatted and compared, and how formal operations might be used in function of formulated psychological hypothesis, are illustrated widely. Three processing are examined closely. Each one is studied in its mathematical frame. Then we show how it allows the studying of strategies understood like sequential combination of procedures in differend fields of thepsychology. In particular, in the field of text revision, an exemple is given o how the distance betwen time series can be used to measure the difference beetween a subject's production and simulated production in application of one of six strategies based on a few functional principles. Thus our formalisation has allowed to develop new tools for descriptive statistical processing. These tools are suited to the formals requirements of data and to theoreticals requirements of cognitive psychology
Echeveste, José-Manuel. "Un langage de programmation pour composer l'interaction musicale : la gestion du temps et des événements dans Antescofo." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066143/document.
Full textMixed music is the association in live performance of human musicians and computer mediums, interacting in real-time. Authoring the interaction between the humans and the electronic processes, as well as their real-time implementation, challenge computer science in several ways. This contribution presents the Antescofo real-time system and its domain specific language. Using this language a composer is able to describe temporal scenarios where electronic musical processes are computed and scheduled in interaction with a live musician performance. Antescofo couples artificial machine listening with a reactive and temporized system. The challenge in bringing human actions in the loop of computing is strongly related the specification and the management of multiple time frameworks and timeliness of live execution despite heterogeneous nature of time in the two mediums. Interaction scenarios are expressed at a symbolic level through the management of musical time (i.e., events like notes or beats in relative tempi) and of the physical time (with relationships like succession, delay, duration, speed between the occurrence of the events during the performance on stage). Antescofo unique features are presented through a series of examples which illustrate how to manage execution of different audio processes through time and their interactions with an external environment. The Antescofo approach has been validated through numerous uses of the system in live electronic performances in contemporary music repertoire by various international music ensembles
Ben, Salamah Janan. "Extraction de connaissances dans des textes arabes et français par une méthode linguistico-computationnelle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040137.
Full textIn this thesis, we proposed a multilingual generic approach for the automatic information extraction. Particularly, events extraction of price variation and temporal information extraction linked to temporal referential. Our approach is based on the constitution of several semantic maps by textual analysis in order to formalize the linguistic traces expressed by categories. We created a database for an expert system to identify and annotate information (categories and their characteristics) based on the contextual rule groups. Two algorithms AnnotEC and AnnotEV have been applied in the SemanTAS platform to validate our assumptions. We have obtained a satisfactory result; Accuracy and recall are around 80%. We presented extracted knowledge by a summary file. In order to approve the multilingual aspect of our approach, we have carried out experiments on French and Arabic. We confirmed the scalability level by the annotation of large corpus
Teichmann, Marc. "Le rôle du striatum dans le traitement du langage." Paris 12, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA120055.
Full textWhile the linguistic role of cortical areas is well established, the role of subcortical structures, such as the striatum is still controversial. Based on linguistic claims that language processing implies both recovery of lexical information and the application of combinatorial rules, this thesis attempted to substantiate that the striatum is involved in linguistic operations pertaining to the latter component. In several studies with striatal-damaged patients, including more particulary Huntington's disease, we contrasted lexical abilities and rule application at different language levels (morphology, syntax, phonology) as well as in a non-linguistic domain, namely arithmetic. Two methodological approaches were used, comprising behavioural studies on the one hand, and brain-function correlations based on morphological and functional imagery on the other. My research showed that the striatum is involved in rule application at the morphological and syntactic level, and that this function extends to the domain of arithmetic. Furthermore, it suggested that the role in linguistic rule application is tied to ventral portions of the caudate and the putamen, while more dorsal portions of the striatum are involved in lexical operations. Finally, my findings showed that the striatum is part of a distributed cortical-sub-cortical network, subserving rule processing, and linking the caudate with portions of Broca's area. Based on these results I propose a functional model situating the striatum at the interface between rule and lexical representations that are thought to be integrated at the striatal level, which allows for the application of combinatorial language operations
Soula, Julien. "Principe de compilation d'un langage de traitement de signal." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-325.pdf.
Full textTeichmann, Marc Bachoud-Lévi Anne-Catherine Dupoux Emmanuel. "Le rôle du striatum dans le traitement du langage." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2008. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:8080/theses-npd/th0405452.pdf.
Full textDESLANDES, KEILA. "Contribution a l'etude du traitement de l'ambiguite chez des patients schizophrenes." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA070040.
Full textDenand, Nicolas. "Traitement automatique de phrases locatives statiques du français." Aix-Marseille 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX22035.
Full textSéguin-Godin, Guillaume. "Simulateur matériel à événements discrets de réseaux de neurones à décharges avec application en traitement d’images." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10600.
Full textMarouby-Terriou, Geneviève. "Structure phonologique et traitement du langage écrit : expérimentation et modélisation." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10064.
Full textDe, Martino Sonia. "Dyslexie de développement et traitement." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX10097.
Full textRAMMAL, MAHMOUD. "Une interface conceptuelle pour le traitement du langage naturel. Application au langage medical dans le systeme adm." Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMP594S.
Full textWu, Zong Liang. "Peut-on entendre des événements articulatoires ? : traitement temporel de la parole dans un modèle du système auditif." Grenoble INPG, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPG0093.
Full textAlain, Pierre. "Contributions à l'évaluation des modèles de langage." Rennes 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN1S003.
Full textThis work deals with the evaluation of language models independently of any applicative task. A comparative study between several language models is generally related to the role that a model has into a complete system. Our objective consists in being independant of the applicative system, and thus to provide a true comparison of language models. Perplexity is a widely used criterion as to comparing language models without any task assumptions. However, the main drawback is that perplexity supposes probability distributions and hence cannot compare heterogeneous models. As an evaluation framework, we went back to the definition of the Shannon's game which is based on model prediction performance using rank based statistics. Our methodology is able to predict joint word sequences that are independent of the task or model assumptions. Experiments are carried out on French and English modeling with large vocabularies, and compare different kinds of language models
Shang, Wei. "Un système et un langage pour le traitement d'inférences non monotone." Compiègne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990COMPD299.
Full textIn this thesis a non-monotonic inference system is presented, its purpose is to represent revisable knowledge and perform corresponding reasoning. A study of different research strategies of the solution space is presented, it is shown, through the exemples, that the recording of the inference dependencies can considerably optimize the research in the solution space. Then we describe un belief revision system: AS of J. De Kleer. It is a dependency based one, and is used as m inference unit in our system. Several non-standard logics are also presented, we pay pie1mly attention to R. Reiter's default logic, for which a restrained version (normal defaults) is realized. ANMIL is the inference Ianguage of this system, it is described in detail. The language is a predicate based one, the non-monotony resides in the default and the assumed rules. Its inference environment is the mufti-contexts one, the assumptions me automatically managed. We also explain the principal commands and give the syntax of ANMIL. ANMIS is the inference system. Its concepts are presented. Two sub-systems can be distinguished : an inference engine and a belief revision manager. This kind of architecture, in our opinion, is the best one for performing non-monotonic inference. The different inference strategies are employed according to the type of rides. The techniques and difficulties of the implementation of the system are discussed
Martin, Jennifer. "Le traitement morphologique du langage écrit chez les adultes dyslexiques développementaux." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX10064.
Full textCauvet, Elodie. "Traitement des structures syntaxiques dans le langage et dans la musique." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066161.
Full textThis dissertation deals with syntactic structures. In the first part of this work, we examine how function words and prosody are exploited to recognize syntactic categories (nouns and verbs). With a behavioral experiment testing 18-months-olds, we showed that toddlers already know that determiners precede nouns and that pronouns occur before verbs in the case of known words. Furthermore, our behavioral experiments on adults proved that adult speakers use prosodic cues and function words to compute online syntactic categories for pseudowords. Those data lead us to propose a model which rely on prosody and function words to constrain lexical access. This model would also explain the acquisition of new words. In the second part of our work, we explored cerebral networks processing syntactic structure. We questioned if those networks involved in syntactic processing in lnaguage were shared with other domains such as music. Two fMRI experiments using spoken language showed that infero-frontal regions (BA45 and BA47), temporal regions (temporal pole, aSTS, pSTS) and the temporo-parietal junction are recruted to process syntactic structure in language. In a second study, we showed that a part of these networks is involved in syntactic structure processing in music
Benhamou, Frédéric, and Jean-Marc Boï. "Le traitement des contraintes booléennes dans PROLOG III." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX22059.
Full textArias, Aguilar José Anibal. "Méthodes spectrales pour le traitement automatique de documents audio." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/436/.
Full textThe disfluencies are a frequently occurring phenomenon in any spontaneous speech production; it consists of the interruption of the normal flow of speech. They have given rise to numerous studies in Natural Language Processing. Indeed, their study and precise identification are essential, both from a theoretical and applicative perspective. However, most of the researches about the subject relate to everyday uses of language: "small talk" dialogs, requests for schedule, speeches, etc. But what about spontaneous speech production made in a restrained framework? To our knowledge, no study has ever been carried out in this context. However, we know that using a "language specialty" in the framework of a given task leads to specific behaviours. Our thesis work is devoted to the linguistic and computational study of disfluencies within such a framework. These dialogs concern air traffic control, which entails both pragmatic and linguistic constraints. We carry out an exhaustive study of disfluencies phenomena in this context. At first we conduct a subtle analysis of these phenomena. Then we model them to a level of abstraction, which allows us to obtain the patterns corresponding to the different configurations observed. Finally we propose a methodology for automatic processing. It consists of several algorithms to identify the different phenomena, even in the absence of explicit markers. It is integrated into a system of automatic processing of speech. Eventually, the methodology is validated on a corpus of 400 sentences
Faraut, Gregory. "Commutations sûres de mode pour les systèmes à événements discrets." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00945172.
Full textXu, Zhiwu. "Polymorphisme paramétrique pour le traitement de documents XML." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077030.
Full textXML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a current standard format for exchanging semi-structured data, which has been applied to web services, database, research on formal methods, and so on. For a better processing of XML, recently there emerge many statically typed functional languages, such as XDuce, CDuce, XJ, XTatic, XACT, XHaskell, OCamIDuce and so on. But most of these languages lack parametric polymorphism or present it in a limited form. While parametric polymorphism is needed by XML processing, and it has repeatedly been requested to and discussed in various working groups of standards (e. G. , RELAX NG and XQuery). We study in this thesis the techniques to extend parametric polymorphism into XML processing languages. Our solution consists of two parts : a definition of a polymorphic semantic subtyping relation and a definition of a polymorphic calculus. In the first part, we define and study a polymorphic semantic subtyping relation for a type system with recursive, product and arrow types and set-theoretic type connectives (i. E. , union, intersection and negation). We introduce the notion of "convexity" on which our solution is built up and prove there exists at least one model that satisfies convexity. We also propose a sound, complete and decidable subtyping algorithm. The second part is devoted to the theoretical definition of a polymorphic calculus, which takes advance of the subtyping relation. The novelty of the polymorphic calculus is to decorate lambda-abstractions with sets of type-substitutions and to lazily propagate type-substitutions at the moment of the reduction. The second part also explores a semi-decidable local inference algorithm to infer the set of type substitutions as well as the compilation of the polymorphic calculus into a variety of CDuce
Smart, John Ferguson. "L' analyse et la représentation de compte-rendus médicaux." Aix-Marseille 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX22095.
Full textSTEVENIN-BARBIER, ADELAIDE. "Reseaux connexionnistes et traitement symbolique-numerique : une application en comprehension du langage." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066400.
Full textCiortuz, Liviu-Virgil. "Programmation concurrente par contraintes et traitement du langage naturel : le système DF." Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL10145.
Full textNous avons implémenté un prototype du système df en oz, le langage concurrent multi-paradigme développé au dfki, en mettant en oeuvre une alternative typée et orientée-objet de son sous-système d'articles ouverts. Le système df est appliqué au traitement du langage naturel : analyse, génération et traduction automatique. Nous avons entrepris la conception d'un noyau hpsg pour le roumain, avec une implémentation concurrente. La définitude (définiteness), la topique (topic) et la modification (adjunction) du groupe nominal roumain sont analysées et la fonctionnalité des pronoms clitiques roumains sont expliquées à partir de la linéarisation (linearization) du groupe verbal transitif. Nous avons défini deux méta-schémas au dessus des schémas de la règle de dominance immédiate (id) dans la théorie de hpsg : le méta-schéma id 1, qui concerne les sujets multiples (par exemple les déterminants dans le groupe nominal roumain) et le méta-schéma id 2/6, pour la corrélation des composants localement ordonnés en dépendance non-bornée (comme les clitiques dans le groupe verbal transitif roumain). Les deux méta-schémas id font marcher la concurrence dans le cadre de la théorie des grammaires hpsg
Meysembourg-Männlein, Marie Laurence Mossière Jacques Krakowiak Sacha. "Modèle et langage à objets pour la programmation d'applications réparties." S.l. : Université Grenoble 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00333509.
Full textKrit, Hatem. "Locadelane : un langage objet d'aide à la compréhension automatique du discours exprimé en langage naturel et écri." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30008.
Full textChope, Michel. "Les potentiels evoques cognitifs et leurs applications a l'etude du traitement du langage." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR1M160.
Full textHaddad, Afifa. "Traitement des nominalisations anaphoriques en indexation automatique." Lyon 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2001/haddad_a.
Full textThis thesis proposes en indexation method for integral texts based on anaphoric noun phrases. The motivation is to take advantage from the wide context of an anaphora relation in order to build a rich descriptor ? and to get consequently a performant index. The main contribution here is the design of a complete method enabling the systematic reconstitution of all arguments of each anaphoric nominalization encountered in the text. A completely resolved noun phrase constitutes a rich descriptor that is then added to the index. The resolution a nominal anaphora makes use the results of other preliminarly activities. These consists in collecting the syntactic structures of the possible noun phrase corresponding to a nominalization and, identifying a set of the anaphoric noun phrase and the form of its precedent. The feasibility of the proposed has been demonstrated through an application to a real-life corpus
Haddad, Afifa Le Guern Michel. "Traitement des nominalisations anaphoriques en indexation automatique." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/intranet/haddad_a.
Full textFort, Karën. "Les ressources annotées, un enjeu pour l’analyse de contenu : vers une méthodologie de l’annotation manuelle de corpus." Paris 13, 2012. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/intranet/edgalilee_th_2012_fort.pdf.
Full textManual corpus annotation has become a key issue for Natural Langage Processing (NLP), as manually annotated corpora are used both to create and to evaluate NLP tools. However, the process of manual annotation remains underdescribed and the tools used to support it are often misused. This situation prevents the campaign manager from evaluating and guarantying the quality of the annotation. We propose in this work a unified vision of manual corpus annotation for NLP. It results from our experience of annotation campaigns, either as a manager or as a participant, as well as from collaborations with other researchers. We first propose a global methodology for managing manual corpus annotation campaigns, that relies on two pillars: an organization for annotation campaigns that puts evaluation at the heart of the process and an innovative grid for the analysis of the complexity dimensions of an annotation campaign. A second part of our work concerns the tools of the campaign manager. We evaluated the precise influence of automatic pre-annotation on the quality and speed of the correction by humans, through a series of experiments on part-of-speech tagging for English. Furthermore, we propose practical solutions for the evaluation of manual annotations, that proche che vide the campaign manager with the means to select the most appropriate measures. Finally, we brought to light the processes and tools involved in an annotation campaign and we instantiated the methodology that we described
Montant, Marie. "Les étapes de traitement pré-lexicales dans la reconnaissance visuelle des mots : approche comportementale et neuropsychologique." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11069.
Full textChoi, Jin-Nam. "Développement de la temporalité et des énoncés complexes dans les récits oraux d'enfants bilingues français-coréens agés de 5 à 10 ans dans leurs deux langues : conceptualisation et formulation des événements complexes." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100074.
Full textFocusing on the two different stages of consecutive (or successive) bilingual (De Houwer 1995) language acquisition of Korean children who live in France. The present study 1) examines the acquisition of the temporality and the complex sentence constructions in oral narrative discourses of French-Korean bilingual children ; 2) tests two acquisitional hypotheses : semantic-conceptual hypothesis (defective tense hypothesis, (Weist 1984, Andersen 1989) and discursive-functional hypothesis (Hopper 1979, Givon 1982) ; 3) investigates the relation between conceptualization and formulation (Levelt 1989) of complex event representations in oral narrative discourses of French-Korean bilingual children in both languages. .
Dégremont, Jean-François. "Ethnométhodologie et innovation technologique : le cas du traitement automatique des langues naturelles." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA070043.
Full textThe thesis begins with a short historical reminder of ethnomethodology, considered as a scientific field, since the whole beginners during the 30's until the 1967 explosion in US and Europe. The first part is an explication of the main concepts of ethnomethodology. They are developped from the pariseptist school theoretical point of view, which tries to associate the strongest refuse of inductions and the indifference principle, mainly when natural languages, considered as well as studies objects and communication tools, are used. The second part of the thesis is devoted to the concrete application of these theoretical concepts in the field of technological strategies which have been elaborated in France in the area of natural language processing. Three studies successively describe the ethnomethods and rational properties of practical activities which are used in an administrative team, the elaboration of a technology policy and indexical descriptions of the language industry field. The conclusion tries to show how the concepts and methods developped by ethnomethodology can increase, in this field, the efficacy of strategical analysis and the quality of research and development programs
Sarfati, Georges-Elia. "Pragmatique du langage et lexicographie (le statut et le traitement de l'aspect pragmatique du langage dans les dictionnaires de langue francaise)." Paris, EHESS, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EHES0334.
Full textThe thesis constitutes a systematic analysis of the status of the pragmatic aspect of language and the ways dealt with in the primary french language dictionaries. It is outlined according three major plies of research. The first section seeks an internal epistemological approach wich allows to show that the representationalist philosophy of language determins the principal orientations of lexicographical works. The second section advanced a theoretical rewiew of the question and establishes the guidelines towards lexical pragmatics. The third section sets out a methodological survey of lexicographical data. A serie of research allows for the definition of the major theoretical and practical steps to be taken towards a dictionary of speech acts
Letanneux, Alban. "Exploration de l’interface langage-motricité : le traitement lexical dans la Maladie de Parkinson." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3072/document.
Full textEven though the dominant symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) is motor impairment, cognitive impairment is currently also considered an important symptom. Recently, language impairment has been reported in PD as well. The present study follows up on recent advances in PD research, and aims to explore the influence of cognitive-linguistic factors on motor control in PD. To this end, we compared three tasks, each of which relies on a different type of motor control. We tested four groups of participants: healthy young participants, healthy elderly participants, PD patients on medication, and PD patients off medication. In all three tasks, the primary comparison was between responses to words and pseudo-words, which were presented visually or auditorily. The first task was a lexical decision task, the second a verbal response task, and the third was a handwriting task. Our results show, in line with previous studies, that off-medication PD patients respond more slowly than healthy control participants. However, this slow-down does not result from akinesia, a well known symptom of PD. Instead, off-medication PD patients show auditory impairment and cognitive slowing in situations that require lexical processing. Moreover, these patients have an additional deficit in inhibiting automatic (lexical) processes, which interfere with the motor task. All of these deficits seem to be reduced by medication. Therefore, our study shows clear evidence for cognitive deficits in PD. These cognitive deficits slow the initiation of a motor response in off-medication PD patients
Boufriche, Zizette. "Etude et implantation d'un langage de traitement d'images optimisation pour des architectures spécialisées /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376032119.
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