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1

Crawford, Alexander M., Harry M. Lightsey, Grace X. Xiong, Brendan M. Striano, Nattaly Greene, Andrew J. Schoenfeld, and Andrew K. Simpson. "Interventional procedure plans generated by telemedicine visits in spine patients are rarely changed after in-person evaluation." Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 46, no. 6 (March 23, 2021): 478–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2021-102630.

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Background and objectivesThe role of telemedicine in the evaluation and treatment of patients with spinal disorders is rapidly expanding, brought on largely by the COVID-19 pandemic. Within this context, the ability of pain specialists to accurately diagnose and plan appropriate interventional spine procedures based entirely on telemedicine visits, without an in-person evaluation, remains to be established. In this study, our primary objective was to assess the relevance of telemedicine to interventional spine procedure planning by determining whether procedure plans established solely from virtual visits changed following in-person evaluation.MethodsWe reviewed virtual and in-person clinical encounters from our academic health system’s 10 interventional spine specialists. We included patients who were seen exclusively via telemedicine encounters and indicated for an interventional procedure with documented procedural plans. Virtual plans were then compared with the actual procedures performed following in-person evaluation. Demographic data as well as the type and extent of physical examination performed by the interventional spine specialist were also recorded.ResultsOf the 87 new patients included, the mean age was 60 years (SE 1.4 years) and the preprocedural plan established by telemedicine, primarily videoconferencing, did not change for 76 individuals (87%; 95% CI 0.79 to 0.94) following in-person evaluation. Based on the size of our sample, interventional procedures indicated solely during telemedicine encounters may be accurate in 79%–94% of cases in the broader population.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that telemedicine evaluations are a generally accurate means of preprocedural assessment and development of interventional spine procedure plans. These findings clearly demonstrate the capabilities of telemedicine for evaluating spine patients and planning interventional spine procedures.
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Reemtsma, Keith, Gretchen Berland, Jeffrey Merrill, Ray Arons, Craig Evans, Ronald Drusin, Craig R. Smith, and Eric A. Rose. "Evaluation of surgical procedures." Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 104, no. 5 (November 1992): 1308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5223(19)34623-9.

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van Oosten, Ary M. "Quantified land evaluation procedures." Land Use Policy 5, no. 3 (July 1988): 356–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-8377(88)90047-6.

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Gray, P. W., T. D. Mac Mahon, and M. U. Rajput. "Objective data evaluation procedures." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 286, no. 3 (January 1990): 569–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(90)90918-v.

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Mitchell, C. S., and M. T. Parisi. "Pediatric acetabuloplasty procedures: radiologic evaluation." American Journal of Roentgenology 170, no. 1 (January 1998): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.170.1.9423598.

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Simpson, Graham. "Evaluation of new surgical procedures." Medical Journal of Australia 168, no. 9 (May 1998): 470–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1998.tb139039.x.

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Bennett, Richard C. "Evaluation of new surgical procedures." Medical Journal of Australia 168, no. 9 (May 1998): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1998.tb139040.x.

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Himmelfarb, Robert. "Controlled evaluation of surgical procedures." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 45, no. 4 (April 1987): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-2391(87)90345-4.

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Mickleborough, Neil. "QUALITY ASSURANCE PROCEDURES AND EVALUATION." Journal of JSEE 44, no. 6 (1996): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4307/jsee.44.6_33.

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Street, Elizabeth A. "Evaluation procedures for restored land." Environmental Geochemistry and Health 7, no. 2 (June 1985): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01771339.

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Spurgeon, D. "Canada cuts drug evaluation procedures." BMJ 315, no. 7101 (July 19, 1997): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.315.7101.143k.

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Tirupataiah, Y., and G. Sundararajan. "Evaluation of microhardness correction procedures." Wear 110, no. 2 (July 1986): 183–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(86)90145-6.

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N, Kurniadi, Davis J, Kitchen-Andren K, Mullen C, and Rolin S. "A-239 Cost of Neuropsychological Evaluation Comparable to Neuroimaging in the Eastern USA." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 35, no. 6 (August 28, 2020): 1034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa068.239.

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Abstract Objective Anecdotal evidence indicates a belief among physicians that neuropsychological evaluation is more expensive than brain imaging procedures. Another concern is that neuropsychological evaluations are a limited resource to be utilized sparingly, likely due to insurance limits on the annual allowable units of neuropsychological evaluation. This study aimed to contextualize the cost of neuropsychological evaluation relative to common neuroimaging studies used in conditions seen by neuropsychologists. Data Selection Publically available fee schedules from 27 hospitals in the eastern U.S. were reviewed to identify standard costs of head CT, brain MRI, and 5- and 8-hour neuropsychological evaluations conducted with technicians. Data Synthesis Head CT averaged $2963 (range $282–$6007) and brain MRI averaged $4857 (range $834–$11,524). Five-hour evaluations using technicians averaged $2080 (range $698–$4165). Eight-hour evaluations using technicians averaged $3289 (range $1104–$6657). Conclusions Contrary to anecdotal concerns, neuropsychological evaluations do not appear more expensive than brain neuroimaging procedures in several eastern U.S. hospitals. Focused neuropsychological evaluations comparable to or less than head CT procedure cost. Comprehensive neuropsychological evaluations are comparable to or less than MRI brain procedure cost. These preliminary findings may dispel the notion that neuropsychological evaluations are more costly than brain imaging. Additional research is needed in all regions of the U.S.
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Schwab, Oliver. "Seckelmann, Margit (2018). Evaluation und Recht. Strukturen, Prozesse und Legitimationsfragen staatlicher Wissensgewinnung durch (Wissenschafts-)Evaluationen. Jus Publicum 2073. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck. 685 Seiten. ISBN 978-3-16-154390-6." der moderne staat – Zeitschrift für Public Policy, Recht und Management 12, no. 1-2019 (June 24, 2019): 236–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/dms.v12i1.18.

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“Evaluation and Law“ deals with the „social construction of quality in science and the ways of coddling it legally“ (Seckelmann, 2018, S. 20). Although clearly juridical, the study is also strongly interdisciplinary reflecting insights from sociology, political and administrative sciences and evaluation research. Between the constitutional guarantee of free research and the efforts to organise universities efficiently, evaluative procedures changed the university system significantly (projectification, complexity, etc.). From a legal perspective, these procedures need to be adequate for research, and simultaneously respect the limits set by the constitution in organisational and procedural terms. This requires public bodies to conceptualize evaluative procedures ex ante in the form of an evaluation legislation defining the purpose, procedure and potential use of evaluative procedures. The study is not only dealing with evaluation in a strict sense, but with different instruments of new public management. Specifically the visible tensions at the edge of disciplinary boundaries provoke interesting insights and questions.
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Verma, Neha, Dhritiman Baidya, Barkha Makhijani, Neema Shetty, Aditi Mathur, and Balaji Manohar. "Evaluation of Aerosol Contamination during Ultrasonic Procedures." Journal of Nepalese Society of Periodontology and Oral Implantology 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnspoi.v1i1.23522.

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Background: Operator safety during dental & periodontal treatment is a non-negotiable necessity. The production of airborne material, during dental procedures is obvious to the dentist, dental team and the patient. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate, the colony forming units (CFU) generated from aerosol during ultrasonic procedure in gingivitis and periodontitis subjects that act as a potential risk factor for spread of infectious agents for both operator and patients. Materials and Methods: The present study included 18 subjects which were randomly assigned into 3 equal groups. Group I (Control group) subjects were treated with ultrasonic scaling alone, whereas; Groups II & Group III (Test groups) subjects used pre-procedural mouth-rinses before scaling & root planing (Chlorhexidine and Povidone Iodine). Blood agar plates were used to assess the aerosol contamination and were placed at operator’s eye level, subject’s eye & chest level. These plates were then incubated for 72 hours and microbial growth were quantified as colony forming units (CFU/plate). Different colonies were identified by standard biochemical methods. Results: This study showed that the antiseptic mouth-rinses significantly reduce the bacterial CFU in the aerosol. Povidone Iodine was found to be superior to Chlorhexidine when used pre-procedurally. Conclusion: The following conclusion was drawn that the use of pre-procedural rinses significantly reduced the aerosol contamination and hence chances of cross-infection in the dental units.
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Blum, A. S. "Computer evaluation of statistical procedures, and a new quality-control statistical procedure." Clinical Chemistry 31, no. 2 (February 1, 1985): 206–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/31.2.206.

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Abstract I describe a program for definitive comparison of different quality-control statistical procedures. A microcomputer simulates quality-control results generated by repetitive analytical runs. It applies various statistical rules to each result, tabulating rule breaks to evaluate rules as routinely applied by the analyst. The process repeats with increasing amounts of random and systematic error. Rate of false rejection and true error detection for currently popular statistical procedures were comparatively evaluated together with a new multirule procedure described here. The nature of the analyst's response to out-of-control signals was also evaluated. A single-rule protocol that is as effective as the multirule protocol of Westgard et al. (Clin Chem 27:493, 1981) is reported.
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Walker, C. W., J. Aronson, P. A. Kaplan, W. M. Molpus, and J. J. Seibert. "Radiologic evaluation of limb-lengthening procedures." American Journal of Roentgenology 156, no. 2 (February 1991): 353–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.156.2.1898813.

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HAYASHI, Kenji, Hiromasa KAWAMURA, and Kohsuke HORIKAWA. "Evaluation of J-integral estimation procedures." Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan 36, no. 403 (1987): 334–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2472/jsms.36.334.

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Elzo, M. A., and G. E. Bradford. "Multibreed Sire Evaluation Procedures Across Countries." Journal of Animal Science 60, no. 4 (April 1, 1985): 953–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas1985.604953x.

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Lynch, Samuel E. "Methods for Evaluation of Regenerative Procedures." Journal of Periodontology 63, no. 12s (December 1992): 1085–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.1992.63.12s.1085.

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Neumann, Albert C., George R. McCarty, Donald R. Sanders, and Marsha G. Raanan. "Refractive evaluation of astigmatic keratotomy procedures." Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery 15, no. 1 (January 1989): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0886-3350(89)80136-1.

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Bell, D. D., and D. R. Kuney. "Farm Evaluation of Alternative Molting Procedures." Journal of Applied Poultry Research 13, no. 4 (December 2004): 673–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/japr/13.4.673.

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KIM, SUNG, CARLOS VALLARINO, and ALAN CLAASSEN. "REVIEW OF FAN LIFE EVALUATION PROCEDURES." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 03, no. 01 (March 1996): 75–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539396000077.

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Improving the reliability of air cooled electronic equipment must include focusing on the life expectancy of the fans or blowers. Evaluating fan failure behavior, however, is not a trivial problem, as vendors report very little information on this subject. Even when product literature provides such data, one vendor’s results are generally impossible to compare with another’s due to different test procedures, different assumptions, and different calculation methods, not all of which are explicitly defined. This paper is designed to help thermal and component evaluation engineers who have been assigned the task of sorting through these sometimes conflicting, often incompatible, claims regarding fan quality. We start with a definition of fan failure in terms of rotational speed, running current, and acoustic noise. Some basic statistical principles, such as Weibull hazard rate, Mean Time To Failure (MTTF) and L10 life, are presented in the reliability section, leading into methods for the estimation of fan life. Booser’s equation for grease life is included and its limitations for modern greases are noted; the standard equation for bearing rating life is also covered. To verify calculated fan life estimates, a designed experiment may be performed. A basic formula for the design of a fan life experiment is given, together with a brief analysis of published failure data from such an experiment. Most fan life tests are conducted under stress conditions, such as high temperature, that accelerate fan failures. The final section discusses accelerated life testing, including potential pitfalls. Simulating a mini-textbook, the paper contains valuable everyday reference material, including sample calculations to illustrate the concepts reviewed.
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ARVEY, RICHARD D. "SEX BIAS IN JOB EVALUATION PROCEDURES." Personnel Psychology 39, no. 2 (June 1986): 315–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1986.tb00584.x.

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Editor. "Post-earthquake building safety evaluation procedures." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 31, no. 2 (June 30, 1998): 103–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.31.2.103-121.

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The primary aim of this document is to provide Territorial Authorities with an outline response plan so that safety evaluations of damaged buildings can be activated efficiently and effectively following a major earthquake (or any other disaster which affects buildings). Services such as drainage, water supply and roading are not included within the scope of this document. Territorial Authorities have the responsibility for providing the planning framework, within which a range of professional groups can operate. These include structural and civil engineers, building inspectors, and loss adjusters. It is intended that these Building Safety Evaluation Procedures will be adopted by all New Zealand Territorial Authorities to avoid the need for each to formulate their own. National acceptance of these procedures will also mean that only one set of forms, placards, information management systems, training resources etc. need be prepared. A common standard also makes the use of external inspection resources more practicable. This document confines its scope to Territorial Authority planning for building damage assessment during the emergency phase of a disaster. Further plans for activities arising in the restoration phase are also required. They include: definition of structural standards for the repair of damaged buildings streamlined procedures for building consents streamlined procedures for resource consents, including debris disposal and land use transfer of information to insurance firms
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Mizuno, K., Y. Arai, K. Yamazaki, H. Yonezawa, and M. Notsu. "Test procedures for vehicle compatibility evaluation." International Journal of Crashworthiness 10, no. 5 (May 2005): 473–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/ijcr.2005.0362.

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Almedom, Astier, Ursula Blumenthal, and Lenore Manderson. "Public Health Engineering: Hygiene Evaluation Procedures." Practicing Anthropology 18, no. 3 (July 1, 1996): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.18.3.r34g7w5lv9g25205.

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Water and sanitation projects were among the first to which rapid appraisal methods were applied, primarily to monitor or evaluate projects where improved health status had not ensued as expected, following the provision of improved facilities. Qualitative research methods were used to identify perceived social, cultural, and behavioral barriers to full or appropriate use of these facilities. (See, for example, the World Health Organization's Minimum Evaluation Procedure (MEP) for Water Supply and Sanitation Projects [Geneva: WHO, 1983] and M. Simpson-Herbert, Methods for Gathering Socio-Cultural Data for Water Supply and Sanitation Projects [Washington, DC: UNDP/World Bank, Technology Advisory Group, 1983].) Water and sanitation-related hygiene practices are complex, however, and the relationship between the provision of infrastructure, health education, and behavior change have remained perplexing. It continues to be a major concern, too, since morbidity and mortality worldwide is associated in many ways with poor sanitation, lack of potable water, and detrimental hygiene practices.
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Pagat, Anne-Marie, Raphaelle Seux-Goepfert, Charles Lutsch, Valérie Lecouturier, Jean-François Saluzzo, and Inca C. Kusters. "Evaluation of SARS-Coronavirus Decontamination Procedures." Applied Biosafety 12, no. 2 (June 2007): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153567600701200206.

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Reid, Carol, Brenda Romanoff, Bob Algozzine, and Ann Udall. "An Evaluation of Alternative Screening Procedures." Journal for the Education of the Gifted 23, no. 4 (July 2000): 378–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016235320002300404.

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Robin, M. J. L., and R. W. Gillham. "Field Evaluation of Well Purging Procedures." Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation 7, no. 4 (December 1987): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.1987.tb00967.x.

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Salvatori, Massimo, and Marco Oradei. "Economic evaluation of nuclear medicine procedures." European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 37, no. 9 (June 30, 2010): 1786–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-010-1528-8.

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Fthenakis, Vasilis M. "Guidelines for hazard evaluation procedures (1985)." Environment International 14, no. 1 (January 1988): 65–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-4120(88)90380-7.

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Krapez, J. C., and P. Cielo. "Thermographic nondestructive evaluation: Data inversion procedures." Research in Nondestructive Evaluation 3, no. 2 (June 1991): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01577647.

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Krapez, J. C., X. Maldague, and P. Cielo. "Thermographic nondestructive evaluation: Data inversion procedures." Research in Nondestructive Evaluation 3, no. 2 (June 1991): 101–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01577648.

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Raschke, Gregor F., Ulrich M. Rieger, Rolf-Dieter Bader, Michael Kirschbaum, Niklas Eckardt, and Stefan Schultze-Mosgau. "Evaluation of nasal reconstruction procedures results." Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 40, no. 8 (December 2012): 743–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcms.2012.01.023.

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Murching, Arvind M., and Y. N. Srikant. "Incremental attribute evaluation through recursive procedures." Computer Languages 14, no. 4 (January 1989): 225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0096-0551(89)90020-9.

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Gül, Ülker. "Legal evaluation factors in cosmetic procedures." Turkish Journal of Forensic Medicine 34, no. 1 (2020): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/adlitip.2020.27928.

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Brooke, Penny S. "Comment on Orchard's "Clinical Evaluation Procedures"." Journal of Nursing Education 33, no. 6 (June 1994): 252–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0148-4834-19940601-05.

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Sharma, Pradeep, Sudarshan Khokhar, and Thanikachalam. "Evaluation of Superior Oblique Weakening Procedures." Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus 36, no. 4 (July 1999): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0191-3913-19990701-07.

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Knoop, Kevin, and Alexander Trott. "Ophthalmologic Procedures in the Emergency Department- Part II: Routine Evaluation Procedures." Academic Emergency Medicine 2, no. 2 (February 1995): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1553-2712.1995.tb03181.x.

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Stather, David Ryan, Julie Jarand, Gerard A. Silvestri, and Alain Tremblay. "An Evaluation of Procedural Training in Canadian Respirology Fellowship Programs: Program Directors’ and Fellows’ Perspectives." Canadian Respiratory Journal 16, no. 2 (2009): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/687895.

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BACKGROUND: In recent years, there has been a rapid growth in diagnostic and therapeutic procedures performed by respirologists.OBJECTIVES: To assess the number and type of procedures performed in Canadian respirology training programs, for comparison with the American College of Chest Physicians minimum competency guidelines, and to assess fellow satisfaction with procedural training during their fellowships.METHODS: Internet-based surveys of Canadian respirology fellows and respirology fellowship program directors were conducted.RESULTS: Response rates for program director and respirology fellow surveys were 71% (10 of 14) and 62% (41 of 66), respectively. Thirty-eight per cent of respirology fellows reported the presence of an interventional pulmonologist at their institution. Flexible bronchoscopy was the only procedure reported by a large majority of respirology fellows (79.5%) to meet American College of Chest Physicians recommendations (100 procedures). As reported by respirology fellows, recommended numbers of procedures were met by 59.5% of fellows for tube thoracostomy, 21% for transbronchial needle aspiration and 5.4% for closed pleural biopsy. Respirology fellows in programs with an interventional pulmonologist were more likely to have completed some form of additional interventional bronchoscopy training (80% versus 32%; P=0.003), had increased exposure to and expressed improved satisfaction with training in advanced diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, but did not increase their likelihood of achieving recommended numbers for any procedures.CONCLUSIONS: Canadian respirology fellows perform lower numbers of basic respiratory procedures, other than flexible bronchoscopy, than that suggested by the American College of Chest Physicians guidelines. Exposure and training in advanced diagnostic and therapeutic procedures is minimal. A concerted effort to improve procedural training is required to improve these results.
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Wunderlich, Robert, Alwina Stein, Alva Engell, Pia Lau, Lea Waasem, Alex Shaykevich, Claudia Rudack, and Christo Pantev. "Evaluation of iPod-Based Automated Tinnitus Pitch Matching." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 26, no. 02 (February 2015): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.26.2.9.

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Background: Tinnitus is the perception of sound unrelated to any external source. Diagnostic approaches to assess tinnitus characteristics such as tinnitus pitch are crucial for new attempts of tinnitus therapy. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate reliable tinnitus pitch-matching procedures. Existing procedures usually require audiometric equipment and are time consuming. However, some patients with tinnitus find it hard to match their tinnitus in one single session. Therefore, we developed an iPod-based application for self-administered tinnitus pitch matching and compared it with a standardized audiometric procedure. Study Sample: A total of 17 patients with chronic tonal tinnitus participated in two sessions including both pitch-matching procedures. Method: In the conventional audiometric test, the investigator adjusted the frequency and loudness of pure tones led by the responses of the patient. For the iPod-based procedure, we used a recursive two-interval forced-choice test that required no interaction with an investigator. Both procedures included loudness matching and testing for octave confusion. Results: The iPod-based procedure resulted in lower pitch matches as compared with the conventional audiometry. Psychometric qualities such as test-retest reliability of both methods were comparable. Participants rated the iPod-based procedure as easier to perform and more comfortable to use. Conclusions: In conclusion, we find that the use of self-administered tinnitus pitch-matching procedures on a mobile device is feasible and easier in practice without any loss of reliability and validity. A major advantage is the possibility of repeated measurements without expensive equipment and experienced staff. Repeated measurements of tinnitus pitch can provide more information about the stability of the tinnitus perception and may improve the ability of participants to match their tinnitus.
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Jamison, Dean T., and Julian Jamison. "Characterizing the Amount and Speed of Discounting Procedures." Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis 2, no. 2 (April 25, 2011): 1–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/2152-2812.1031.

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This paper introduces the concepts of amount and speed of a discounting procedure in order to generate well-characterized families of procedures for use in social project evaluation. Exponential discounting sequesters the concepts of amount and speed into a single parameter that needs to be disaggregated in order to characterize nonconstant rate procedures. The inverse of the present value of a unit stream of benefits provides a natural measure of the amount a procedure discounts the future. We propose geometrical and time horizon based measures of how rapidly a discounting procedure acquires its ultimate present value, and we prove these to be the same. This provides an unambiguous measure of the speed of discounting, a measure whose values lie between 0 (slow) and 2 (fast). Exponential discounting has a speed of 1. A commonly proposed approach to aggregating individual discounting procedures into a social one for project evaluation averages the individual discount functions. We point to serious shortcoming with this approach and propose an alternative for which the amount and time horizon of the social procedure are the averages of the amounts and time horizons of the individual procedures. We further show that the social procedure will in general be slower than the average of the speeds of the individual procedures. For potential applications in social project evaluation we characterize three families of two-parameter discounting procedures – hyperbolic, gamma, and Weibull – in terms of their discount functions, their discount rate functions, their amounts, their speeds and their time horizons. (The appendix characterizes additional families, including the quasi-hyperbolic one.) A one parameter version of hyperbolic discounting, d(t) = (1+rt)-2, has amount r and speed 0, and this procedure is our candidate for use in social project evaluation, although additional empirical work will be needed to fully justify a one-parameter simplification of more general procedures.
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Stępień, Zbigniew. "Ewolucja metod oceny szkodliwych osadów silnikowych powodowanych spalaniem benzyn." Nafta-Gaz 77, no. 5 (May 2021): 340–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18668/ng.2021.05.07.

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The article describes the threat posed by deposits harmful to the proper functioning of spark ignition engines. The areas of indirect and direct injection engines where the most dangerous deposits form are indicated. The factors having significant influence on the occurrence of this unfavourable phenomenon were collected and analyzed. Consequently, a simplified classification of factors influencing the formation of harmful deposits in direct and indirect injection spark ignition engines was made. In the research part of the project, a comparative study of the tendency of gasolines of different composition and physicochemical properties to form deposits was carried out. The criterion for evaluating the detergent properties of gasolines was the tendency to form deposits on intake valves in the case of indirect injection engine and on the injector in the case of direct injection engine. For this purpose, the previously widely used test procedure CEC F-05-93 relating to deposits formed on intake valves in SI indirect injection engines and the latest test procedure CEC F-113-KC relating to the most harmful deposits formed in injectors of DISI (Direct Injection Spark Ignition) engines were used. The purpose of the comparative study conducted was to determine if there was any relatively simple, identifiable relationship between the results of gasoline detergent property evaluations obtained at engine test sites differing in test engine generations, methods of conducting the evaluations, and type of engine deposits formed. As a result, no correlations were found between the testable engine sludge tendency results obtained from tests using the CEC F-05-93 and CEC F-113-KC procedures. Therefore, knowing the evaluation of gasoline conducted according to one of the above mentioned test procedures, one cannot conclude, predict or estimate the evaluation that will be obtained according to the other test procedure. Therefore, the results obtained according to one of the procedures do not allow extrapolation and evaluation of gasoline in terms of tendency to form harmful engine deposits according to the other procedure.
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45

Estakhri, Cindy K., and Joe W. Button. "Test Methods for Evaluation of Cold-Applied Bituminous Patching Mixtures." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1590, no. 1 (January 1997): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1590-02.

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A Texas Department of Transportation study performed by the Texas Transportation Institute was undertaken with a goal of providing methods to assure the quality of cold-applied, asphalt-stabilized maintenance mixtures. Test procedures and acceptance criteria were developed for hot-mix, cold-laid asphalt concrete patching mixtures. Two specific objectives were to develop a test procedure to simulate approximately six months of stockpile-aging and a test procedure to quantify workability of maintenance mixtures. The protocol developed is designed to estimate the relative ability of a maintenance mixture to retain adequate workability after outdoor stockpile storage. This protocol could be useful as part of a specification to promote quality. Two test procedures were evaluated regarding their potential to quantify the workability of maintenance mixtures: a triaxial test and an unconfined compression test. Test results indicated that both procedures provide a relatively good measure of workability before and after aging. Two laboratory aging procedures were evaluated for their ability to predict workability of a stockpiled maintenance mixture after six months of field aging. Procedure A appeared to provide a reasonable approximation of six months of field aging.
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46

Gupta, Balram, and Sashi K. Kunnath. "Adaptive Spectra-Based Pushover Procedure for Seismic Evaluation of Structures." Earthquake Spectra 16, no. 2 (May 2000): 367–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1586117.

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The estimation of inelastic seismic demands using nonlinear static procedures, or pushover analyses, are inevitably going to be favored by practicing engineers over nonlinear time-history methods. While there has been some concern over the reliability of static procedures to predict inelastic seismic demands, improved procedures overcoming these drawbacks are still forthcoming. In this paper, the potential limitations of static procedures, such as those recommended in FEMA 273, are highlighted through an evaluation of the response of instrumented buildings that experienced strong ground shaking in the 1994 Northridge earthquake. A new enhanced adaptive “modal” site-specific spectra-based pushover analysis is proposed, which accounts for the effect of higher modes and overcomes the shortcomings of the FEMA procedure. Features of the proposed procedure include its similarity to traditional response spectrum-based analysis and the explicit consideration of ground motion characteristics during the analysis. It is demonstrated that the proposed procedure is able to reasonably capture important response attributes, such as interstory drift and failure mechanisms, even for structures with discontinuities in strength and/or stiffness that only a detailed nonlinear dynamic analysis could predict.
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47

Cirak, Bayram, Nejmi Kiymaz, Memduh Kerman, and Kadir Tahta. "Neurosurgical procedures in pregnancy." Acta Cirurgica Brasileira 18, no. 1 (January 2003): 01–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-86502003000100002.

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PURPOSE: Over the past few decades maternal mortality has progressively declined because of improved management of the major obstetric problems of hemorrhage, infection, and toxemia. As a result, the relative incidence of deaths resulting from non obstetric causes has increased. Chief among nonobstetric causes are neurologic disorders. Those most common during pregnancy are low back pain, intracranial tumors, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and neurotrauma. The management of the neurosurgical pathologies during pregnancy needs some specifications for both the mother and the fetus. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study evaluating the clinical, radiological, and surgical characteristics of 9 patients who have cranial neuropathologies and have undergone neurosurgical intervention. RESULTS: Most of the patients in this study had vaginal delivery. Prominent neurosurgical disease related to cerebral damage. Every patient underwent a laboratory and radiological evaluation. All except one survived the neurosurgical pathology. Neither baby nor mother had significant problem during delivery and neurosurgical intervention. CONCLUSION: Pregnant women may face to every kind of neurosurgical pathology that nonpregnant women have faced. In addition, pregnancy itself, gives rise some metabolic changes in the women and those changes may cause some neurologic pathologies to be symptomatic or to aggravate the present symptomatology. Because of those reasons, close neurologic follow up of a pregnant woman is of vital importance. At the end of a pregnancy having experienced some neurologic interventions including diagnostic evaluation or surgical intervention does not necessitates the cesarean section for a neurologically intact infant and mother.
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Lewis, D. J., and J. D. Perrin. "Wilcox Formation Evaluation: Improved Procedures for Tights Gas-Sand Evaluation." Journal of Petroleum Technology 44, no. 06 (June 1, 1992): 724–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/20570-pa.

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Leméteil, Denis, Gilles Gargala, Romy Razakandrainibe, Jean Jacques Ballet, Loic Favennec, and Damien Costa. "Comparative Evaluation of Commercial Concentration Procedures for Human Intestinal Parasite Detection." Laboratory Medicine 50, no. 3 (December 22, 2018): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/labmed/lmy072.

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AbstractBackgroundEffective stool concentration is essential in microscopically based diagnosis of human intestinal parasite infections.ObjectiveTo compare the performances of 4 concentration commercial kits and 1 homemade procedure in 96 clinical stool specimens that tested positive for the detection of 9 helminth and 8 protozoa parasites.MethodsThe presence or absence of parasite forms was microscopically determined under conditions of standard practice. Also, we established the accuracies, concentration factors, and extraction yields.ResultsNo difference was observed between procedures for preconcentration specimens that tested positive. However, for preconcentration specimens that tested negative, we discovered that the homemade procedure was the most effective, and 2 of the 4 commercial kits were discovered to be satisfactory for routine applications.ConclusionsFor all parasites, procedures with biphasic solvents exhibited higher performances than organic solvent-free procedures. For the first time, the effectiveness of commercial concentration kits has been evaluated on several common stool parasites, and the results suggest that improvement of commercial procedures is possible.
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50

Peres, S. Camille, William D. Johnson, Sarah E. Thomas, and Paul Ritchey. "The Effects of Native Language and Gender on Procedure Performance." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 61, no. 1 (August 24, 2018): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720818793042.

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Objective: Evaluation of effects of native language—native (L1) versus nonnative (L2)—on procedure performance. Background: Written procedures are used by global industries to facilitate accurate and safe performance of hazardous tasks. Often companies require that all employees be sufficiently literate in English and to use only English versions. Method: Industrial tasks were tested using a virtual reality industrial environment (Second Life®) to explore effects on procedural performance and safety statement adherence. Fifty-four engineering students (27 L2) participated in the study to explore the native language variable. The participants completed the procedures under time pressure and were scored according to procedure performance and hazard comprehension. Results: Analysis of eight procedures showed significant differences between L1 and L2 for procedure performance (specifically for L2 females). There were no language fluency or hazard comprehension differences found between the two groups. Conclusion: The results suggest that (a) the lower procedure performance of L2 readers was not due to English proficiency but more likely to time pressure; (b) implications regarding single language procedures are not fully understood, particularly with regard to gender differences. Application: This research is applicable to high-risk industries providing single language, time critical procedures to multilingual workforces.
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