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Савина and Irina Savina. "Approaches and Methods of Higher Education Quality Evaluation." Economics 3, no. 2 (April 17, 2015): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/10842.
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The paper describes higher education as a value to service customer.
Approaches to quality evaluation must consider information value, treatment of
uncertainty, and formation of individual´s expectations. Various approaches are
currently used for higher education quality evaluation. Systems of ratings and
achievement indicators are developed to evaluate university education quality.
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Martinez, Jenny, Carin Wong, Catherine Verrier Piersol, Dawn Clayton Bieber, Bonita L. Perry, and Natalie E. Leland. "Stakeholder engagement in research: a scoping review of current evaluation methods." Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research 8, no. 15 (November 2019): 1327–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/cer-2019-0047.
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Aim: Evaluating stakeholder engagement can capture what meaningful engagement in research entails, how it develops, and how it is experienced by all collaborators. We conducted a scoping review of recent approaches for evaluating engagement in research and present a descriptive overview of our findings. Methods: We searched peer-reviewed journal articles published worldwide in English between January 2013 and June 2018. Results: Our final sample consisted of 17 articles. Various approaches for evaluating stakeholder engagement were identified including qualitative approaches, surveys and engagement logs. Discussion & conclusion: We identified evaluation approaches that varied in quality, detail and methods. Valid, systematic and inclusive approaches that are developed with research partners and are inclusive of diverse perspectives are an important area for future research.
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Knight-Jones, T. J. D., K. Edmond, S. Gubbins, and D. J. Paton. "Veterinary and human vaccine evaluation methods." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1784 (June 7, 2014): 20132839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2839.
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Despite the universal importance of vaccines, approaches to human and veterinary vaccine evaluation differ markedly. For human vaccines, vaccine efficacy is the proportion of vaccinated individuals protected by the vaccine against a defined outcome under ideal conditions, whereas for veterinary vaccines the term is used for a range of measures of vaccine protection. The evaluation of vaccine effectiveness , vaccine protection assessed under routine programme conditions, is largely limited to human vaccines. Challenge studies under controlled conditions and sero-conversion studies are widely used when evaluating veterinary vaccines, whereas human vaccines are generally evaluated in terms of protection against natural challenge assessed in trials or post-marketing observational studies. Although challenge studies provide a standardized platform on which to compare different vaccines, they do not capture the variation that occurs under field conditions. Field studies of vaccine effectiveness are needed to assess the performance of a vaccination programme. However, if vaccination is performed without central co-ordination, as is often the case for veterinary vaccines, evaluation will be limited. This paper reviews approaches to veterinary vaccine evaluation in comparison to evaluation methods used for human vaccines. Foot-and-mouth disease has been used to illustrate the veterinary approach. Recommendations are made for standardization of terminology and for rigorous evaluation of veterinary vaccines.
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Silva, António, João Varajão, José Luís Pereira, and Carlos Sousa Pinto. "Performance Appraisal Approaches and Methods for IT/IS Projects." International Journal of Human Capital and Information Technology Professionals 8, no. 3 (July 2017): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijhcitp.2017070102.
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In increasingly demanding environments, organizations need to manage their human resources effectively, as these are fundamental to their success. Therefore, it is important to improve the performance of these resources by conducting systematic evaluations and by collecting information on their productivity, training needs, and individual and team performance. In the context of Information Technologies/Information Systems (IT/IS) projects, there is not much research work focused on human resources performance evaluation. This paper aims to fill this gap by reviewing approaches and methods for performance appraisal, which can be successfully applied in IT/IS projects. Are presented approaches and methods focused on: personality; behaviors; comparison; and outcomes/results.
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Terletska, Viktoria. "Approaches and methods of evaluation of the innovation company." Management and Entrepreneurship in Ukraine: the stages of formation and problems of development 2021, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/smeu2021.01.177.
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The article the main traditional approaches to business valuation, namely: profitable, costly and comparative have been explored and analyzed. The main methods within each of the traditional approaches have been investigated. The methods of estimating the value of business by income approach are the method of capitalization of net income, the method of capitalization of dividends, the method of capitalization of excess income and the method of discounting cash flow. The methods of estimating the value of business by the cost approach are: the method of net book value, the method of adjusted book value, the method of estimating the net market value of tangible assets, the replacement cost method, the replacement cost method and the liquidation value method. The methods of estimating the value of business by a comparative approach are the method of industry ratios, the method of comparing sales and the method of multipliers. In addition, it is found that in modern conditions, traditional approaches to assessing the value of the business “in its pure form” are not always used by venture investors, and the most popular methods are contractual, multipliers, discounted cash flow, venture and real options. Synthetic models play an important role today. In world practice, many different approaches are used to assess the value of companies, their assets, business in general. However, the issue of evaluation is still insufficiently addressed. When conducting valuation work in enterprises, many of the existing approaches are either not used at all, or are used very rarely, resulting in practice does not always achieve a comprehensive, complete and objective assessment of the amount of capital. A characteristic feature in determining the value of the business within the application of each of the commonly used methods is the need to take into account various aspects of financial activities, which leads to different estimates of the value of the business, which requires coordination of the results. This situation involves the selection of key cost parameters to obtain the final value of the business. Given the above, there is a need and feasibility to reconcile the results of business valuation methods, which will help to obtain a reasonable value by combining the advantages of each of the traditional methods. Determining the value of the company is one of the most important tasks in the field of corporate governance, which makes it possible to assess the level of competitiveness and success of the company in the market. The process of determining the value is carried out with a specific purpose: calculating the sale price, property insurance, obtaining a loan, etc., which determines the choice of valuation method. Business valuation is the determination of the value of a business as a property complex that can bring profit to the owner. When conducting an appraisal examination, the value of all the company’s assets is determined: real estate, machinery and equipment, inventories, financial investments, intangible assets. In addition, the efficiency of the company, its past, present and future revenues, development prospects and competitive environment in this market are assessed separately, and then the evaluated company is compared with similar companies. On the basis of such a comprehensive analysis, the business is actually assessed as a property complex that can be profitable.
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Bobadilla, J. L. "Evaluation of maternal health programs: approaches, methods and indicators." International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 38, Supplement (1992): S67—S73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7292(92)90035-h.
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Ignatyeva, Margarita, Vera Yurak, and Alexey Dushin. "Valuating Natural Resources and Ecosystem Services: Systematic Review of Methods in Use." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (February 7, 2022): 1901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031901.
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The relevance of an ecosystem approach, which involves addressing ecosystems as an object of research, economically evaluating ecosystem services, and including the existing variety of evaluation methods and their classifications for the estimation of nature’s value, was the focus of this study. So, the aim of the current research is to develop an evaluation theory by refining approaches and methods for the economic evaluation of natural resources and ecosystem services. The research object was the evaluation practice of the former USSR, Russia, and countries outside Russia. Employing research methods of systematization and content analysis with evolutionary and ecosystem approaches, about three hundred scientific papers have been the subject of this review. The study (1) reveals the evolutionary changes in economic evaluation approaches and methods of natural resources and ecosystem services; (2) discloses the features of the existing classifications of economic evaluation methods; and (3) offers the author’s classification, which is based on the five classification criteria: evaluation type, evaluation approaches, evaluation character (nature), evaluation methods, and market discourse. We believe that understanding the development of scientific thought about evaluation methods and their classifications will make it possible to increase the reliability of the estimation results in natural resource and environmental economics.
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Vojtek, Ildikó. "Evaluation approaches to empowering interventions." Szociális Szemle 14, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/socrev.2021.14.01.02.
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Empowerment has been a widespread term since the 1990s and is common in contexts as social work, community development, psychology, medicine, and several other areas of human development and health. Empowerment is a process during which a person, an organization, or a community is enabled to identify themselves, to recognize their own power positions and to improve their unequal social situations (Varga, 2017). The evaluation of empowerment outcomes has been missing from the Hungarian professional literature. This review article focuses on the empowerment of adults through educational theatre and drama, and is based on the analysis of previous research results in the area.
Empowerment is a multi-level, context-dependent construct, hence, evaluating empowerment outcomes is challenging. Theorists of empowerment warn against creating a general instrument for measurement (Zimmerman, 1995). I reflect on quantitative, qualitative, and combined evaluation methods, such as the Psychological Empowerment Scale (Akey et al., 2000), the Empowerment Evaluation (Fetterman, 2001), and the Empowerment Measuring Tool (Jupp et al., 2010), also taking Wandersman and associates’ (2005) principles for empowerment evaluation into account.
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Nevyantseva, Liliya, and Nataliya Vlasova. "Comparative Analysis of Methods for Evaluating Efficiency of Regional Investment Policy." SHS Web of Conferences 93 (2021): 03030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219303030.
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The article highlights the issues of methodological tools for evaluating the efficiency of regional investment policy. The article provides international experience of investment policy evaluation and presents the evolution of approaches to evaluating the investment policy of Russian regions and the investment climate. Four approaches are outlined on the basis of domestic methods analyzed: cost-result, rating, integral and complex (qualitative and quantitative). The approach based on evaluation of investment performance and the costs incurred is widely used in Russia. The conclusions are drawn from the research findings: the existing approaches to evaluating the efficiency of investment policy at the regional level have disadvantages and use restrictions. The concluding part contains outlined actions aimed at improving the tools and methods for evaluating the efficiency of investment policy of regional units.
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Chubinishvili, Teimuraz, Nelly Makhviladze, and Tina Gelashvili. "Improvement of Traditional Methods of Evaluation of the Scientific Activities Using Innovative Approaches." Works of Georgian Technical University, no. 3(525) (September 23, 2022): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2022-3-68-75.
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The problems of evaluating the research conducted by the scientific organization, groups of scientists and individual scientists and other actions related to their scientific activities have always been and still remain a serious challenge in modern scientific circles. Dataware and software issues for evaluating the scientific activities are discussed in this paper. Along with the traditional methods of evaluation, altmetrics – a new way of assessing research beyond citation, is taken into account. According to the basic idea of altmetrics, the evaluation of the scientific results should be based not only on the number of published articles and their citations, but also on the responses to the papers published in various sources. This principle gives rise to the idea that the altmetric methodology of dataware can play a crucial role in solving various problems arising in the process of scientific work. Therefore, for overcoming the existing problems in the sphere of research and evaluating scientific results, the information on the involvement of scientists in the context of emerging/existing problems, for which the appropriate recommendations have been elaborated, should be taken into account.
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Et. al., Zakoldaev D. A. ,. "Machine Learning Methods Performance Evaluation*." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 2 (April 10, 2021): 2664–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i2.2284.
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In this paper, we describe an approach for air pollution modeling in the data incompleteness scenarios, when the sensors cover the monitoring area only partially. The fundamental calculus and metrics of using machine learning modeling algorithms are presented. Moreover, the assessing indicators and metrics for machine learning methods performance evaluation are described. Based on the conducted analysis, conclusions on the most appropriate evaluation approaches are made.
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Valentyna Gavrylenko and Yana Gavrylenko. "APPROACHES TO QUALITATIVE COMPOSITION ASSESSMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE PERSONNEL." Proceedings of Scientific Works of Cherkasy State Technological University Series Economic Sciences, no. 59 (December 30, 2020): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.24025/2306-4420.1.59.2020.222472.
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The article considers methodological approaches to the formation, development and evaluation of the staff quality of the enterprise; systematizes scientific opinions to determine the content of the definition "personnel evaluation"; in the article the interrelation of personnel management functions and its composition evaluation functions are established; the main goals of personnel evaluation are determined; the characteristics of the main methods of employees selection of the enterprise are given and the requirements concerning the criteria of their estimation are specified; the main criteria and methods for assessing the competencies of employees and evaluating the results are identified; approaches to personnel evaluation and the main stages of evaluation are indicated; the advantages and disadvantages of personnel evaluation methods are identified. Personnel management is a rather complex process, the effectiveness of which will be largely determined by the achieved level of staff quality. Therefore, for the enterprise management the question of a thorough choice of methods which application would allow to carry out procedure of an estimation of the personnel with the minimum expenses of time and resources becomes rather actual. The paper proves that for effective personnel evaluation the following conditions must be met: interest from the enterprise management; objective choice of evaluation criteria; availability of competent experts to assess the professional qualities and achievements of employees; transparency of evaluation results application in the enterprise further activity. The expediency of systematic personnel evaluation procedures has been proved. The relationship between the functions of personnel management and the functions of evaluating its composition has been established. The methods of employee evaluation are systematized and the requirements for their evaluation criteria are set. The advantages and disadvantages of using each of the selected methods of personnel evaluation are identified. Further research should be aimed at justifying the limits of use of each method of personnel evaluation, compliance with which in practice will increase the validity of the evaluation conclusions, improve the moral and psychological climate in the team and stimulate growth of staff and enterprise final performance.
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Sesar, Kristina, and Arta Dodaj. "Methods used for evaluation of psychotherapy treatment." Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 24, no. 4 (December 20, 2022): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12740/app/151881.
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One of the goals of research in the field of psychotherapy is to improve knowledge about processes and outcomes of psychotherapeutic treatments. Researchers and professionals have been discussing the best methods for evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of psychotherapeutic treatments for many years. This paper aims to give an overview of the specifics of quantitative and qualitative research methods, by noting the advantages and disadvantages of these methods in the evaluation of psychotherapeutic treatments. Within the quantitative scientific research, three approaches are described: randomized controlled research, mood enhancement by psychoanalytic and cognitive therapies, and meta-analysis. The most common collection methods (observation, interview, other verbal techniques and visual approaches to data collection) and data analysis (comprehensive process analysis, consensual qualitative research and grounded theory) are described within a qualitative scientific methodology. Finally, an approach related to integration of qualitative and quantitative methodology, as well as this related with application of case studies in the evaluation of psychotherapeutic treatments are described. Scientists and professionals in the field of social sciences should use both quantitative and qualitative research methods, separately or in combination, depending on the goal and problems of the research.
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Assaad, Charles K., Emilie Devijver, and Eric Gaussier. "Survey and Evaluation of Causal Discovery Methods for Time Series." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 73 (February 28, 2022): 767–819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.1.13428.
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We introduce in this survey the major concepts, models, and algorithms proposed so far to infer causal relations from observational time series, a task usually referred to as causal discovery in time series. To do so, after a description of the underlying concepts and modelling assumptions, we present different methods according to the family of approaches they belong to: Granger causality, constraint-based approaches, noise-based approaches, score-based approaches, logic-based approaches, topology-based approaches, and difference-based approaches. We then evaluate several representative methods to illustrate the behaviour of different families of approaches. This illustration is conducted on both artificial and real datasets, with different characteristics. The main conclusions one can draw from this survey is that causal discovery in times series is an active research field in which new methods (in every family of approaches) are regularly proposed, and that no family or method stands out in all situations. Indeed, they all rely on assumptions that may or may not be appropriate for a particular dataset.
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V, Boiko, and Kuimova A. "METHODS AND APPROACHES OF EVALUATION OF THE MOTOR ENTERPRISES SUSTAINABILITY." National Transport University Bulletin 2, no. 47 (2020): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33744/2308-6645-2020-2-47-027-035.
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The analysis of scientific works was carried out in the article, on the basis of which the author's own vision of the approaches and methods of sustainability of the motor transport enterprise was formed. The object of study is the stability of motor transport enterprises. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the basic methods of assessing the firm's stability on the basis of the analysis of modern theoretical approaches and practical experience of ensuring the economic stability of domestic motor transport enterprises. The research methods are generally scientific. In today's volatile environment, the functioning of road transport companies, as well as other economic entities of the production and non-industrial sphere, must maintain the level of efficiency and competitiveness. A prerequisite for improving the efficiency and continuous development of enterprises is to ensure their sustainability based on the impact of environmental factors and changes in the activities of economic entities. In view of this article, the authors of the study of approaches and methods, the system of indicators used to assess the sustainability of enterprises in scientific methodology and practice is certainly relevant. The Sustainable Development Concept of Ukraine states that enterprises can ensure their sustainability if they take into account not only the economic aspects of the activity, but also take into account social and environmental risks. Thus, the generalization of the results of the study of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of methodology for assessing the level of sustainability of road transport enterprises is timely. Research into the approaches and methods used to assess economic, environmental and social sustainability is relevant. The rational choice of approaches and methods for assessing the economic sustainability of the enterprise is a prerequisite for its continued effective functioning in the long run in the current economic environment. KEYWORDS: SUSTAINABILITY OF ENTERPRESE, ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY, APPROACHES, ASSESSMENT METHODS.
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Paulheim, Heiko. "Knowledge graph refinement: A survey of approaches and evaluation methods." Semantic Web 8, no. 3 (December 6, 2016): 489–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sw-160218.
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van de Par, Steven, and Armin Kohlrausch. "Three approaches to the perceptual evaluation of audio compression methods." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 107, no. 5 (May 2000): 2875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.428678.
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PROSKURNINA, Nadiia, and Yevheniia CHORNOMORD. "METHODS AND APPROACHES TO ASSESSING INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS." Economy of Ukraine 2022, no. 4 (April 25, 2022): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2022.04.028.
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The most important aspect of making any investment decision is assessing the investment attractiveness of the investment object. Investment decisions are one of the most difficult tasks in terms of the selection procedure. They are based on a multivariate, multicriteria assessment of a number of factors and trends that often operate in different directions. The investment attractiveness of the enterprise is used as an integral characteristic of investment opportunities, which is formed by the assessment of the expediency of investing in a particular business entity for a certain period of time. Knowledge of the market value allows the owner of the object to improve the production process, to develop a set of measures aimed at increasing the market value of the enterprise. Periodic valuation improves management efficiency and thus prevents bankruptcy and destruction. Practical methods of assessing the investment attractiveness used by leading Western consulting firms and investment companies are considered a trade secret, inaccessible to the general public and not adapted to Ukrainian economic conditions, which indicates the relevance of the study of this problem. The essence of investment attractiveness of the enterprise is determined, the critical analysis of methods for its estimation is carried out. In the current economic conditions, there are several approaches to assessing the investment attractiveness of enterprises. The first is based on indicators of financial and economic activity and competitiveness of the enterprise. The second uses the concepts of investment potential, investment risk and methods of investment projects evaluation. The third is based on the assessment of enterprise value. Each approach and each method has its advantages, disadvantages and limits of application. The more approaches and methods will be used in the evaluation, the higher is the probability that the final value will objectively reflect the investment attractiveness of the enterprise. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are identified, practical recommendations for choosing a particular method in investment decision-making process are given.
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Polaka, Inese. "Feature Selection Approaches In Antibody Display." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 2 (August 5, 2015): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2011vol2.998.
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Molecular diagnostics tools provide specific data that have high dimensionality due to many factors analyzed in one experiment and few records due to high costs of the experiments. This study addresses the problem of dimensionality in melanoma patient antibody display data by applying data mining feature selection techniques. The article describes feature selection ranking and subset selection approaches and analyzes the performance of various methods evaluating selected feature subsets using classification algorithms C4.5, Random Forest, SVM and Naïve Bayes, which have to differentiate between cancer patient data and healthy donor data. The feature selection methods include correlation-based, consistency based and wrapper subset selection algorithms as well as statistical, information evaluation, prediction potential of rules and SVM feature selection evaluation of single features for ranking purposes.
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Petrenko, O. I., Y. R. Korniiko, and K. M. Lushchik. "The Current Approaches to Substantiation of Criteria for Evaluation and Selection of Suppliers." Business Inform 12, no. 527 (2021): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-12-201-209.
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The article is aimed at studying the current approaches to substantiating the criteria for evaluating and selecting suppliers. The study of theoretical and practical aspects allowed to distinguish modern methods of selecting suppliers in the field of procurement logistics. It is identified that there are a number of basic and additional methods for evaluating suppliers. Almost every method can be used in combination with others. In addition, modern information technologies make it possible to optimize and rationalize the evaluation process. Despite the fact that today most companies are actively working in search of directions for optimizing the work of procurement logistics, only few of them managed to fully realize the potential of at least one of the areas of procurement optimization. At the same time, after analyzing their experience, it is possible to determine what skills and methods of work are necessary for the comprehensive optimization of procurement. The authors propose an improved algorithm for evaluating suppliers, which provides for the use of existing methods of evaluation of work and the most common criteria for the selection of suppliers, taking into account the integral assessment and distribution of indicators according to additional criteria for reliability groups in order to improve the procurement logistics system of enterprises. The basis of this algorithm was the conduct of an extended assessment on additional criteria, such as: the level of supply organization, the level of loyalty of the supplier, the level of perspectivity, while the integral indicator should provide for the inclusion of coefficients of relative significance of additional evaluations by independent experts and the criteria themselves.
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Hein, A. M., and G. Lamé. "PEVALUATING ENGINEERING DESIGN METHODS: TAKING INSPIRATION FROM SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND THE HEALTH SCIENCES." Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference 1 (May 2020): 1901–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsd.2020.317.
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AbstractEngineering design methods are typically evaluated via case studies, surveys, and experiments. Meanwhile, domains such as the health sciences as well as software engineering have developed further powerful evaluation approaches. The objective of this paper is to show how evaluation approaches from the health sciences and software engineering might further the evaluation of engineering design methods. We survey these approaches and show which approaches could be transferred to the evaluation of engineering design methods.
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Zhang, Hang, Chao Li, Shao Long Cheng, and Wei Li. "Evaluation Approaches of Urban Freeway Greening." Applied Mechanics and Materials 361-363 (August 2013): 547–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.361-363.547.
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Urban freeway greening can beautify the environment, and provide other functions such as anti-glare capability in median area, visual line guidance, accident protection, and environmental ecologic protection. However, the traditional greening evaluation limits to the appraisal of landscape. Therefore, this paper attempts to establish a scientific and reasonable evaluation indexes system of urban freeway greening. On the basis of analysis and summary, this article puts forward the appraisal principles and methods of urban freeway greening. Taking the road section as the appraisal unit and choosing 8 indicators as primary indicators, the paper develops the framework of the evaluation system for urban freeway greening, by using methods of the expert appraisal and principle component analysis. . To a certain extent, this evaluation approaches can scientifically, objectively measure and evaluate the current status and developing level of ecological greening of urban freeway in a certain area.
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赵, 杰. "Research of Enterprise Performance Evaluation Based on Axiomatic Approaches and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Methods." Management Science and Engineering 05, no. 03 (2016): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/mse.2016.53014.
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van Koperen, Tessa M., Carry M. Renders, Eline J. M. Spierings, Anna-Marie Hendriks, Marjan J. Westerman, Jacob C. Seidell, and Albertine J. Schuit. "Recommendations and Improvements for the Evaluation of Integrated Community-Wide Interventions Approaches." Journal of Obesity 2016 (2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2385698.
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Background. Integrated community-wide intervention approaches (ICIAs) are implemented to prevent childhood obesity. Programme evaluation improves these ICIAs, but professionals involved often struggle with performance. Evaluation tools have been developed to support Dutch professionals involved in ICIAs. It is unclear how useful these tools are to intended users. We therefore researched the facilitators of and barriers to ICIA programme evaluation as perceived by professionals and their experiences of the evaluation tools. Methods. Focus groups and interviews with 33 public health professionals. Data were analysed using a thematic content approach. Findings. Evaluation is hampered by insufficient time, budget, and experience with ICIAs, lack of leadership, and limited advocacy for evaluation. Epidemiologists are regarded as responsible for evaluation but feel incompetent to perform evaluation or advocate its need in a political environment. Managers did not prioritise process evaluations, involvement of stakeholders, and capacity building. The evaluation tools are perceived as valuable but too comprehensive considering limited resources. Conclusion. Evaluating ICIAs is important but most professionals are unfamiliar with it and management does not prioritise process evaluation nor incentivize professionals to evaluate. To optimise programme evaluation, more resources and coaching are required to improve professionals’ evaluation capabilities and specifically the use of evaluation.
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Yepifanova, Iryna, and Diana Hladka. "Methodical approaches to evaluation of intellectual capital of enterprises." VUZF Review 6, no. 3 (September 29, 2021): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.38188/2534-9228.21.3.16.
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The intellectual capital that allows you to form a strong competitive advantage and is crucial for the successful existence of any enterprise.
The purpose of the article is to generalize the methods of intellectual capital valuation.
The existing methodological approaches to evaluation of the intellectual capital of the enterprise have been systemized in the article.
The experience has been summarized and the analysis of methodical approaches to evaluation of intellectual capital has been carried out. Indicators for the analysis of human, organizational, client and social capital of intellectual capital have been distinguished. The most used approaches for estimating intellectual capital, their calculation mechanism and groups of methods have been determined.
Thus, today there are several basic approaches to valuing intellectual capital (cost; income; market), as well as a significant number of methods for estimating the value of intellectual capital of the enterprise. However, there is no single common approach or methodology for evaluating intellectual capital.
One of the most promising and convenient methods of evaluating intellectual capital is the Balanced Scorecard (BSC), which includes: finance; customers; internal business processes; innovation, training and professional growth. It is proposed to add an indicator of “communicative competence” of both personnel and management of the enterprise to the component “training and professional growth”, because the process of information transfer is the basis for successful operation of the enterprise and directly affects the formation and increase of intellectual capital.
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Shi, Hailiu, Yingming Wang, and Xiaoming Zhang. "A Cross-Efficiency Evaluation Method Based on Evaluation Criteria Balanced on Interval Weights." Symmetry 11, no. 12 (December 11, 2019): 1503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11121503.
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Cross-efficiency evaluation approaches and common set of weights (CSW) approaches have long been suggested as two of the more important and effective methods for the ranking of decision making units (DMUs) in data envelopment analysis (DEA). The former emphasizes the flexibility of evaluation and its weights are asymmetric, while the latter focuses on the standardization of evaluation and its weights are symmetrical. As a compromise between these two approaches, this paper proposes a cross-efficiency evaluation method that is based on two types of flexible evaluation criteria balanced on interval weights. The evaluation criteria can be regarded as macro policy—or means of regulation—according to the industry’s current situation. Unlike current cross-efficiency evaluation methods, which tend to choose the set of weights for peer evaluation based on certain preferences, the cross-efficiency evaluation method based on evaluation criterion determines one set of input and output weights for each DMU. This is done by minimizing the difference between the weights of the DMU and the evaluation criteria, thus ensuring that the cross-evaluation of all DMUs for evaluating peers is as consistent as possible. This method also eliminates prejudice and arbitrariness from peer evaluations. As a result, the proposed cross-efficiency evaluation method not only looks for non-zero weights, but also ranks efficient DMUs completely. The proposed DEA model can be further extended to seek a common set of weights for all DMUs. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the applications of the cross-efficiency evaluation method based on evaluation criterion in DEA ranking.
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Chentukov, Yurii, Tetyana Marena, and Olha Zakharova. "Debt Security of CEE Countries: Actual Approaches and Methods of Evaluation." Przegląd Strategiczny, no. 14 (December 29, 2021): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ps.2021.1.5.
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The study is aimed at analyzing methods of country’s debt security evaluation, developing methodic approach towards estimating the level of debt security based on the calculation of the integral index, and assessing the level of debt security of CEE countries on the basis of the proposed approach. A method of calculating the integral debt security index of the country is developed, taking into account generally accepted thresholds of indebtedness and solvency indicators and the trend of countries’ increasing dependence on external borrowing.
The proposed approach is practically tested in assessing the level of debt security of CEE countries. It is determined that the group of CEE countries is differentiated by the state of indebtedness and solvency. The highest level of debt security is demonstrated by Bulgaria, the Czech Republic and Estonia, the worst situation with the debt security is formed in Slovakia and Slovenia. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of integral debt security indices for 2007–2019, the grouping of CEE countries by the level and zones of debt security, the trends of deterioration of the region’s debt security in 2010–2015 and its improvement in 2016–2019 has been found out. The proposed approach is universal one; it can be used to calculate debt security indices and to provide comparative studies of the debt sector of any country or region. It can also help to identify weaknesses in country’s debt security that is critically important for reasoning the public policy measures to ensure a proper level of debt security.
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Lebamovski, Penio. "Analysis of Methods and Approaches for Evaluation of Heart Rate Variability." Innovative STEM Education 4, no. 1 (June 10, 2022): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/stem.2022.0406.
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This article analyses methods and approaches for assessing heart rate variability (HRV). One of the approaches is to study the impact of sports, in particular running athletics on HRV. As a result of the research, it was found that sports increase HRV by increasing the sympathetic share. The HRV method is influenced by various factors: diseases, external factors, physiological and lifestyle factors. Those that influence the athletic achievements of athletes are also considered. The impact of stress on HRV can be studied by creating 3D serious games to simulate various stressful situations and to study their impact on HRV. The article presents virtual reality systems, which are of two types: with immersion and without immersion and their application in the study of HRV. It follows from the analysis that the level of sympathetic tone in the analysis of HRV using virtual reality depends on the degree of immersion. Another approach to assessing HRV is to monitor patients at night to determine parasympathetic tone of the autonomic nervous system. For the accurate analysis of HRV, the mathematical methods used are important, which are mainly divided into linear and nonlinear. Spectral analysis is an example of linear, and Poincarè plot is nonlinear.
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GENA, CRISTINA. "Methods and techniques for the evaluation of user-adaptive systems." Knowledge Engineering Review 20, no. 1 (March 2005): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888905000299.
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This article presents a comprehensive overview of methods and techniques used for the evaluation of user-adaptive systems. It describes the methodologies derived both from the evaluation of human–computer interaction systems and from information retrieval and information filtering systems by giving examples of the application of these methodologies in the user-adaptive systems. The state of the art and the main results in the evaluation of these systems are reported. In particular, empirical evaluation and layered approaches are discussed in detail. Finally, focus on less explored methodologies, such as qualitative approaches (e.g. Grounded Theory), is proposed.
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Teeling, Seán Paul, Jan Dewing, and Deborah Baldie. "Developing New Methods for Person-Centred Approaches to Adjudicate Context–Mechanism–Outcome Configurations in Realist Evaluation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4 (February 18, 2022): 2370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042370.
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Realist evaluation provides a general method of evaluating the application of interventions including policy, legislation, projects, and new processes in social settings such as law enforcement, healthcare and education. Realist evaluation focuses on what about interventions works, for whom, and in what circumstances, and there is a growing body of work using realist evaluation to analyse interventions in healthcare organizations, including those using Lean Six Sigma improvement methodologies. Whilst realist evaluation facilitates the analysis of interventions using both qualitative and quantitative research, there is little guidance given on methods of data collection and analysis. The purpose of this study is to address this lack of guidance through detailing the use of innovative person-centred methods of data collection and analysis in a realist evaluation that enabled us to understand the contribution of Lean Six Sigma to person-centred care and cultures. This use of person-centred principles in the adjudication of identified program theories has informed novel methods of collecting and analysing data in realist evaluation that facilitate a person-centred approach to working with research participants and a way of making the implicit explicit when adjudicating program theory.
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Oleinik, Pavel, and Nadezhda Cherednichenko. "Methods of evaluation of organizational decisions." MATEC Web of Conferences 196 (2018): 04024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819604024.
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The article considers the levels of organizational and techno-logical documentation, solution of which is subject to evaluation (construc-tion projects organization, labor production projects, technologic maps, particular sections of documents and solution of local objectives). Groups and a list of applied assessment indicators are also given. The approaches of private and complex evaluation of organizational solutions are revealed - methods of criteria estimation (average weighted, additive, multiplicative, generalizing) methods for modeling indicators (continuity, combination, rhythmicity, uniformity, intensity of production labor), multiple correlation methods (polynomials of the 1st and nth degree). At the same time, the conditions for the expedient application of such methods with appropriate recommendations and explanations are described.
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Popova, Svetlana Mikhailovna, and Andrey Aleksandrovich Yanik. "The efficiency of labor immigration regulations: approaches and methods of assessment." Вопросы безопасности, no. 4 (April 2022): 54–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-7543.2022.4.39209.
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A number of modern approaches and methods for assessing the efficiency of labor immigration regulations are considered. The efficiency of immigration policy we understand as the ability of regulatory mechanisms to ensure timely, differentiated, and orderly attraction of desirable migrants to the country's economy in such a way that this resource brings maximum benefit in solving current problems of socio-economic development and does not threaten national security. Sources for research: an array of official documents of Russia, EU countries, the ILO in the field of migration regulation (strategies, reports, results of evaluation procedures, statistics), and relevant scientific literature. General scientific and comparative methods are used in the work. Two polar approaches are distinguished in the international literature: "bureaucratic" (based on the principles of project management and associated with the development of procedures for external independent evaluation of specific measures (projects) of migration policy) and "academic" (search for common theoretical models and universal methods that allow on a single basis to compare the results of migration regulation in different countries). The Russian literature also identifies two clusters that differ in priority criteria for evaluating effectiveness: (1) assessment of the adequacy of migration policy to the economic interests of Russia (taking into account the demands of regional labor markets), (2) the ability to guarantee the interests of public safety and strengthening the unity of the multinational people of Russia. The combination of competing criteria can give a more comprehensive idea of the effectiveness of migration policy, but the practical implementation of the approach is still difficult.
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Choi, E. H., B. Klapwijk, A. Mels, and H. Brouwer. "Evaluation of wastewater characterization methods." Water Science and Technology 52, no. 10-11 (November 1, 2005): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0679.
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Wastewater contains various organic components with different physical and biochemical characteristics. ASM No. 1 distinguishes two categories of biodegradable organic matter in wastewater, rapidly and slowly biodegradable. In general there are two methods for wastewater characterization: based on filtration in combination with a long-term BOD test or based on a respirogram. By comparing both approaches, we showed that in wastewater three categories of organic compounds with different biodegradation rates can be distinguished. These categories are referred to as readily biodegradable, rapidly hydrolysable and slowly hydrolysable organic matter. The total biodegradable COD can be found from a long-term BOD-test combined with a curve-fit and the readily biodegradable and rapidly hydrolysable from a respirogram. The slowly hydrolysable is the difference between total biodegradable COD and the sum of readily biodegradable and rapidly hydrolysable COD. Simulation with characterization based on filtration for a pre-anoxic reactor with a certain N-removal compared with the N-removal of the same plant with wastewater according to the modified characterization shows different results of each wastewater, especially with regard to the effluent nitrate concentration.
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ASSFALG, JOHANNES, JING GONG, HANS-PETER KRIEGEL, ALEXEY PRYAKHIN, TIANDI WEI, and ARTHUR ZIMEK. "SUPERVISED ENSEMBLES OF PREDICTION METHODS FOR SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION." Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 07, no. 02 (April 2009): 269–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219720009004072.
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In the past decade, many automated prediction methods for the subcellular localization of proteins have been proposed, utilizing a wide range of principles and learning approaches. Based on an experimental evaluation of different methods and their theoretical properties, we propose to combine a well-balanced set of existing approaches to new, ensemble-based prediction methods. The experimental evaluation shows that our ensembles improve substantially over the underlying base methods.
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Gleason, Carol R., Qin C. Ji, and Enaksha R. Wickremsinhe. "Evaluation of correlation between bioanalytical methods." Bioanalysis 12, no. 6 (March 2020): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/bio-2020-0019.
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Bioanalytical methods evolve throughout clinical development timelines, resulting in the need for establishing equivalency or correlation between different methods to enable comparison of data across different studies. This is accomplished by the conduct of cross validations and correlative studies to compare and describe the relationship. The incurred sample reanalysis acceptance criterion seems to be adopted universally for cross validations and correlative studies; however, this does not identify any trends or biases between the two methods (datasets) being compared. Presented here are graphing approaches suitable for comparing two methods and describing equivalence or correlation. This article aims to generate awareness on graphing techniques that can be adopted during cross validations and correlative studies.
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Testa, Marcia A. "Traditional versus Developmental Evaluation." Proceedings 77, no. 1 (April 23, 2021): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2021077004.
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When evaluating the effectiveness of public health, and behavioral and medical interventions, various methods can be used to systematically judge the merit, worth, value, and significance of the program’s outcomes. This presentation will describe what is meant by “evaluation approaches” by providing examples of the characteristics of several different types of approaches, such as, the appreciative inquiry, beneficiary assessment and case study approaches. The presentation will then focus on introducing the developmental evaluation approach by comparing it to the traditional evaluation approach in terms of its purpose, the evaluator’s role, accountability, measurement, and results. Examples of the causal inference pathways underlying the developmental and traditional approaches will illustrate how developmental approaches can accommodate multivariable and multivariate models, this can be used to evaluate the intricacies of complex real-world problems and programs.
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Boscardin, Mary Lynn, and Katharine G. Shepherd. "Leadership for evaluations responsive to disability and culture." Journal of Educational Administration 58, no. 5 (July 16, 2020): 555–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jea-10-2019-0178.
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PurposeThe intent of this article is to broaden one’s understanding of program evaluation methods that are responsive to disability and take into account various approaches to leadership within a special education context. Program evaluations for special education have often been relegated to compliance reviews and results-driven accountability measures. By promoting approaches to leadership that embrace responsive evaluation approaches and are inclusive of stakeholders from often disenfranchised groups, findings may emerge that otherwise might not be visible with traditional approaches.Design/methodology/approachA synthesis of the evaluation literature from leading journals, books and edited volumes is used to capture salient concepts necessary for understanding the degree to which evaluation and approaches respond to disability and culture. Additionally, the literature on leadership approaches is summarized and presented for the purpose of demonstrating how situational and transitional approaches to leadership may enhance the selection and use of evaluation approaches that are inclusive of and responsive to disability and culture.FindingsFrom this analysis emerged four over-arching approaches to evaluation, each varying in degree of responsiveness to disability and culture. Further, when examining how evaluation interfaces with leadership, some approaches were found to be better aligned with particular evaluation processes and differed in responsiveness to disability and culture.Research limitations/implicationsTo date, little research has been conducted on the interface between leadership and evaluation approaches or on the degree to which leaders' implementation of responsive evaluation approaches results in improved outcomes for students with disabilities and those from underrepresented backgrounds. This article provides a conceptual framework for future research examining the degree to which one’s assumptions about the interface between leadership and responsive evaluation approaches can be demonstrated empirically.Practical implicationsFour recommendations are provided for leaders: the need to employ multiple evaluation methods that align their purposes, questions and methods; the need to recognize the possibilities and limits of evaluation approaches in light of their responsiveness to disability and culture; the utility of situational and transitional approaches to leadership in the evaluation process; and the critical importance of including stakeholders from diverse backgrounds in the evaluation process.Originality/valueVaried approaches to evaluation in educational settings have been extensively studied and discussed. However, few articles have examined the responsiveness of evaluations to the unique conditions that disability and cultural differences represent. The contribution of this article offers a situated synthesis of approaches to evaluation, specifically contextualized within a leadership framework, to better understand how evaluation approaches impact those with disabilities and cultural differences and the inclusion of broad groups of stakeholders. As such, this article lays the foundation for a comparative international conversation exploring how evaluation and leadership approaches responsively interface with disability and culture through inclusion and enfranchisement of stakeholders.
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Monachon, Mathilde, Magdalena Albelda-Berenguer, Tiziana Lombardo, Emilie Cornet, Friederike Moll-Dau, Janet Schramm, Katharina Schmidt-Ott, and Edith Joseph. "Evaluation of Bio-Based Extraction Methods by Spectroscopic Methods." Minerals 10, no. 2 (February 24, 2020): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10020203.
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New technologies are in development regarding the preservation of waterlogged archaeological wood items contaminated with Fe/S species. To this purpose, a bio-based treatment to extract these harmful species before further damages occur is presented. Thiobacillus denitrificans and desferoxamine were employed based on their specific properties to solubilize iron sulfides and uptake iron. The biological treatment was compared with oxidizing and complexing agents (sodium persulfate and ethylene diamine tetraacetate) traditionally used in conservation-restoration. Mock-ups of fresh balsa as well as fresh and archeological oak and pinewood were prepared to simulate degraded waterlogged wood by immersion in corrosive Fe/S solutions. The efficiency of both biological and chemical extraction methods was evaluated through ATR-FTIR and Raman spectroscopies and validated by statistical approach. Results showed that treatments did not affect the wood composition, meaning that no wood degradation was induced. However, the chemical method tended to bleach the samples and after treatment, reduced sulfur species were still identified by Raman analyses. Finally, statistical approaches allowed validating ATR-FTIR results.
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Gates, Emily F. "Learning from seasoned evaluators: Implications of systems approaches for evaluation practice." Evaluation 23, no. 2 (April 2017): 152–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356389017697613.
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In the last 20 years, approaches (i.e. concepts, theories, methods) from the systems fields have increased in popularity among evaluators and evaluation commissioners. Their popularity stems in part from a widespread view that systems approaches transform evaluation practice, despite a lack of evidence. There have been few empirical examinations of the implications of these approaches for evaluation practice. This study analyzed eight cases of seasoned evaluators using systems approaches in diverse areas of evaluation practice to identify implications for how these professionals practice evaluation. Case materials included semi-structured interviews with each evaluator and descriptions of evaluations they conducted. Findings support a variety of case-specific transformations rather than a wholesale transformation in evaluation practice. Future directions for evaluator training, evaluation commissioning and contracting, and research are identified.
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Lei, Qing, Ji-Xiang Du, Hong-Bo Zhang, Shuang Ye, and Duan-Sheng Chen. "A Survey of Vision-Based Human Action Evaluation Methods." Sensors 19, no. 19 (September 24, 2019): 4129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194129.
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The fields of human activity analysis have recently begun to diversify. Many researchers have taken much interest in developing action recognition or action prediction methods. The research on human action evaluation differs by aiming to design computation models and evaluation approaches for automatically assessing the quality of human actions. This line of study has become popular because of its explosively emerging real-world applications, such as physical rehabilitation, assistive living for elderly people, skill training on self-learning platforms, and sports activity scoring. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of approaches and techniques in action evaluation research, including motion detection and preprocessing using skeleton data, handcrafted feature representation methods, and deep learning-based feature representation methods. The benchmark datasets from this research field and some evaluation criteria employed to validate the algorithms’ performance are introduced. Finally, the authors present several promising future directions for further studies.
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DAGAN, IDO, BILL DOLAN, BERNARDO MAGNINI, and DAN ROTH. "Recognizing textual entailment: Rational, evaluation and approaches." Natural Language Engineering 15, no. 4 (October 2009): i—xvii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324909990209.
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AbstractThe goal of identifying textual entailment – whether one piece of text can be plausibly inferred from another – has emerged in recent years as a generic core problem in natural language understanding. Work in this area has been largely driven by the PASCAL Recognizing Textual Entailment (RTE) challenges, which are a series of annual competitive meetings. The current work exhibits strong ties to some earlier lines of research, particularly automatic acquisition of paraphrases and lexical semantic relationships and unsupervised inference in applications such as question answering, information extraction and summarization. It has also opened the way to newer lines of research on more involved inference methods, on knowledge representations needed to support this natural language understanding challenge and on the use of learning methods in this context. RTE has fostered an active and growing community of researchers focused on the problem of applied entailment. This special issue of the JNLE provides an opportunity to showcase some of the most important work in this emerging area.
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Kandula, Sasikiran, Teresa Yamana, Sen Pei, Wan Yang, Haruka Morita, and Jeffrey Shaman. "Evaluation of mechanistic and statistical methods in forecasting influenza-like illness." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 15, no. 144 (July 2018): 20180174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2018.0174.
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A variety of mechanistic and statistical methods to forecast seasonal influenza have been proposed and are in use; however, the effects of various data issues and design choices (statistical versus mechanistic methods, for example) on the accuracy of these approaches have not been thoroughly assessed. Here, we compare the accuracy of three forecasting approaches—a mechanistic method, a weighted average of two statistical methods and a super-ensemble of eight statistical and mechanistic models—in predicting seven outbreak characteristics of seasonal influenza during the 2016–2017 season at the national and 10 regional levels in the USA. For each of these approaches, we report the effects of real time under- and over-reporting in surveillance systems, use of non-surveillance proxies of influenza activity and manual override of model predictions on forecast quality. Our results suggest that a meta-ensemble of statistical and mechanistic methods has better overall accuracy than the individual methods. Supplementing surveillance data with proxy estimates generally improves the quality of forecasts and transient reporting errors degrade the performance of all three approaches considerably. The improvement in quality from ad hoc and post-forecast changes suggests that domain experts continue to possess information that is not being sufficiently captured by current forecasting approaches.
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Zivtins, Roberts, Tim Jay, Robert Winston, and Annalisa Alexander. "Mixed methods single case study research (MMSCR): Challenges in WP evaluation." Widening Participation and Lifelong Learning 22, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5456/wpll.22.2.225.
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Evaluating widening participation (WP) interventions is complex. Early efforts at WP evaluation were criticised for lacking rigour. These criticisms were accompanied with suggested approaches to research, typically favouring randomised control trials. Yet these recommendations have, in turn, become the focus of much discussion and debate within the WP evaluation sector.<br/> This paper presents the use of a 'mixed methods single case study research' (MMSCR) study design to WP evaluation. It describes the work of a PhD researcher evaluating the school – university partnership science outreach programme between the Wohl Reach Out Lab at Imperial College London and a local secondary school.<br/> The article highlights potential challenges when using MMSCR, namely in ensuring internal validity and trustworthiness of the study. Solutions to these challenges are presented and the case is made for broadening what is seen as meaningful research in the sector.
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BARANOVA, Victoria. "EFFECTIVE INSURANCE MECHANISM: METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO EVALUATION." Socio-Economic Research Bulletin, no. 1(76) (November 17, 2021): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33987/vsed.1(76).2021.127-134.
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The subject of research, which is covered in the article, is the insurance mechanism, namely: the essence of the insurance mechanism, research methodology, methods for determining the effectiveness. The purpose of the study is to deepen the theoretical foundations for the application of the insurance mechanism by insurers and to formulate approaches to assess its effectiveness. The research methodology is general and special methods. As a result of research on the basis of processing of scientific sources the essence of the insurance mechanism is defined. The analysis of methodological approaches to the study and study of the insurance mechanism allowed to justify the need to supplement them with a systematic approach, which provides consideration of the mechanism from the standpoint of complexity and allows to identify systemic gaps in the operation of insurance companies, government regulation. The insurance mechanism is considered from the point of view of efficiency of its functioning, requirements concerning tasks of the insurance mechanism which degree of performance will testify to efficiency of its action are formulated. The concept of socially significant types of insurance is offered, which allows to expand the meaningful definition of the category of insurance. Methods for evaluating the effectiveness of the insurance mechanism in accordance with the formulated tasks are defined, calculation formulas are given, according to which it is possible to evaluate the efficiency of the insurance mechanism for the components of the tasks. The use of the introduced concepts in the theory of insurance allowed to formulate proposals for improving the insurance legislation in terms of compulsory insurance and government regulation. The scope of the obtained results is the state regulation of non-banking financial institutions activity, and insurance companies activity.
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Delapedra-Silva, Vanderson, Paula Ferreira, Jorge Cunha, and Herbert Kimura. "Methods for Financial Assessment of Renewable Energy Projects: A Review." Processes 10, no. 2 (January 18, 2022): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10020184.
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The financial evaluation of renewable energy sources (RES) projects is well explored in the literature, but many different methods have been followed by different authors. Then, it is important to understand if and how these methods have been changing and what factors may have driven new approaches. Therefore, this article aims to explore the publications on the financial evaluation of RES projects from 2011 to 2020 and to present a critical analysis of the reviewed literature. The methods for evaluating RES projects were grouped into four categories: (i) traditional metrics based on net present value, internal rate of return, and payback period; (ii) levelized cost of electricity; (iii) return on investment approach; and (iv) real options analysis. A quantitative analysis was carried out considering aspects related to the relevance of the authors, productivity by country, and the most relevant journals for each of these groups. Then, a qualitative analysis of the main characteristics of the five most cited articles in each group was conducted. The results show that the more traditional methods are still widely used for the financial evaluation of RES projects. However, approaches based on the levelized cost and real options have been growing in importance to tackle the complex features of financial evaluation and comparison of RES projects.
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Safrankova, Jana Marie, and Jana Marie Safrankova. "The evaluation of quality teaching methods in research at Czech Republic." International Journal of Teaching and Education 9, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.52950/te.2021.9.1.006.
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The evaluation of the quality of teaching and the evaluation of education at universities, methods of evaluating teaching and assessment are one of the key criteria for university evaluation. At present, a project of the ESF project of the University of West Bohemia in Pilsen was realized and one of its activities is focused on "Improving Educational Activities and Modern Educational Trends" and on the subsequent implementation and reflection of student education with new teaching methods. The questionary survey was conducted in 2019 with 616 respondents from the University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, who is the only one public higher education institution in the Pilsen Region. The results analyze in detail the views of the students - taking into account the extension of pedagogical competencies within the framework of the career order. The aim of the project is a comprehensive system of interconnection of the education of academic staff in the area of increasing pedagogical competencies with introduction of new teaching methods into practice and taking into account the extension of pedagogical competencies within the framework of the career order. The results of a survey focused on evaluating the quality of teaching methods confirmed a number of mostly known means of activating teaching, interactive teaching, communication, discussion, the role of the personality of the lecturer and the instructor. These activation approaches need to be continued.
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Martins, Raysa, Jorge Barreto, and Flavia Elias. "VP140 Methods For Ethical Analysis In The Health Technology Assessment." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, S1 (2017): 213–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317003877.
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INTRODUCTION:This paper is based on a narrative review to identify and describe approaches to incorporate ethical aspects in Health Technology Assessment (HTA). On the first decade HTA was being established as a new area of research, the social and ethical dimensions seemed to play an essential role. This perspective, centered on the social impact of technology contrasts with the current definition, which focuses on the technical conditions of technology, especially properties and effects. Some authors have discussed the obstacles to include the ethical dimension into this area to a large extent. Those authors were motivated by the perception that there are few sections explicitly dedicated to these dimensions in the evaluation reports.METHODS:We searched these scientific databases: Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Centre for Review and Dissemination (CRD), PDQ - Evidence and Virtual Health Library (VHL), and selected studies that presented procedures and methodologies for the inclusion of ethical analysis in HTA.RESULTS:A total of 308 articles were retrieved, nine of them were included. The identified methods were classified into four groups according to the parameters and procedures: (i) normative-based evaluation, (ii) case comparison-based evaluation; (iii) predefined questionnaire application-based evaluation and iv) debate and deliberation-based evaluation.The result showed a great diversity of approaches (1 - 3) for the inclusion of the ethical dimension in the evaluation studies of health technologies, which can even be used together. It is suggested that its use considers the characteristics and needs of each different application contexts.CONCLUSIONS:This work presented as methodological base of approaches for the integration of the ethical dimension in the HTA field. Nonetheless, the proposed approaches to the incorporation of philosophical field of ethics into the systematization and objectivity field of the HTA reveal a considerable approach diversity that is applied productively. Since it has been agreed that technology evaluation is contextual, different approaches would help to meet the needs for possible adjustment.
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Nguyen, Nhat-Duy, Tien Do, Thanh Duc Ngo, and Duy-Dinh Le. "An Evaluation of Deep Learning Methods for Small Object Detection." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2020 (April 27, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3189691.
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Small object detection is an interesting topic in computer vision. With the rapid development in deep learning, it has drawn attention of several researchers with innovations in approaches to join a race. These innovations proposed comprise region proposals, divided grid cell, multiscale feature maps, and new loss function. As a result, performance of object detection has recently had significant improvements. However, most of the state-of-the-art detectors, both in one-stage and two-stage approaches, have struggled with detecting small objects. In this study, we evaluate current state-of-the-art models based on deep learning in both approaches such as Fast RCNN, Faster RCNN, RetinaNet, and YOLOv3. We provide a profound assessment of the advantages and limitations of models. Specifically, we run models with different backbones on different datasets with multiscale objects to find out what types of objects are suitable for each model along with backbones. Extensive empirical evaluation was conducted on 2 standard datasets, namely, a small object dataset and a filtered dataset from PASCAL VOC 2007. Finally, comparative results and analyses are then presented.
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Kuandyk, Zh B., A. S. Assilova, and M. Kar. "Analysis of Approaches and Methods of Assessing Human Capital in the Economy." Economics: the strategy and practice 17, no. 1 (April 3, 2022): 110–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2022-1-110-126.
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Human capital is the primary source of development of the state organization. The assessment quality of human capital can contribute to improving the understanding of factors determining economic growth, assessing the longterm sustainability of a country’s development model, as well as measuring productivity and production productivity. The N.A. Nazarbayev and President K. K. Tokayev, in their messages, the strategic development plan of state stressed the importance of human capital development and designated it as the main force of the country’s development. The article discusses the methods of determining and evaluating human capital quality and comparative analysis based on their advantages and disadvantages. Scientific novelty – development of a methodology for determining the quality of human capital, including the definition of a flexible methodology that takes into account the economic and social characteristics of the country, based on a comparative analysis of traditional and innovative methods of human capital quality management models, their indicators. Made its own analysis of the formation and evaluation of human capital. Analysis of the problems of methods for assessing human capital, objectivity, and sufficiency of data for constructing an assessment. As a result, the advantages and disadvantages of the methods used to determine the quality of human capital were identified, and the possibility of application in practice was assessed. The evaluation used the methods of scientific abstraction, induction, deduction, analysis, and synthesis methods. The results can be presented as a practical tool for enterprises conducting the human capital assessment as a methodological means of teaching at university.
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Meletiou, Aristeidis. "The Evaluation of Library Services Methods." International Journal of Decision Support System Technology 2, no. 2 (April 2010): 10–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdsst.2010040102.
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In these competitive years of continuing change, libraries enrich their services with modern technologies and innovative approaches to satisfy users’ standards. This engagement significantly increases the effects of these new inputs on library budgets as new technology applications demand money and new organization schemes. Consequently, the annual budget has to be increased and difficulties arise due to its efficient allocation. This paper describes a methodology of evaluating offered services by using specific important factors like Users Satisfaction of a Service, Usage, and Cost of this service. Known methods for estimating Costs (ABC method) and estimating Satisfaction (MUSA method) in library fields are used. Also, the multi-criteria method to evaluate a service by correlating the above mentioned factors are used to give the observer the ability to find useful information. Finally, a case study about the evaluation of services using the proposed methodology is presented. The goal of the proposed methodology is to help library decision makers choose the most appropriate services to offer change and improvements according to user needs and allocated budgets.