Journal articles: 'Eva Hesse'

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Loughery, John, and Bill Barrette. "Eva Hesse Sculpture." Woman's Art Journal 11, no. 1 (1990): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1358393.

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Jackson, Anne. "Eva Hesse: Studiowork." TEXTILE 9, no. 2 (July 2011): 240–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2752/175183511x13055600095653.

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Reeve, Charles. "Diaries by Eva Hesse." Biography 40, no. 3 (2017): 512–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bio.2017.0037.

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FER, BRIONY. "Eva Hesse and Color." October 119 (January 2007): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/octo.2007.119.1.21.

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Swenson, Kirsten. "Eva Hesse, Abstract Expressionist Painter." Konsthistorisk tidskrift/Journal of Art History 83, no. 2 (April 3, 2014): 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00233609.2014.901412.

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Tipton, Gemma. "San Francisco: Eva Hesse at SFMOMA." Circa, no. 101 (2002): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25563861.

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Fer, Briony. "Bordering on Blank: Eva Hesse and Minimalism." Art History 17, no. 3 (September 1994): 424–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8365.1994.tb00586.x.

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Nixon, Mignon. "Eva Hesse Retrospective: A Note on Milieu." October 104 (April 2003): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/016228703322031758.

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Alcântara, Luiza, and Rachel Cecília de Oliveira. "Absurdo! A repetição na obra de Eva Hesse." ARS (São Paulo) 19, no. 42 (November 29, 2021): 797–833. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2178-0447.ars.2021.183733.

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Este artigo analisa a obra de Eva Hesse sem recair nos vícios que parte da crítica de arte e da historiografia reproduzem ao abordar obras de arte feitas por mulheres. Isso é feito mostrando como as obras de Eva Hesse corroboram uma ideia de gesto livre, do gesto como sua intencionalidade, uma forma de vestígio de corpo, de presença. Por meio dos conceitos de índice, repetição e gesto, traçamos diferenças entre a artista e seus contemporâneos, enfatizando os movimentos aos quais sua obra é tradicionalmente associada: o minimalismo e a arte conceitual.

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APPLIN, JO. "EVA HESSE: SCULPTURE BY ELISABETH SUSSMAN AND FRED WASSERMAN (ED.) AND EVA HESSE: DRAWING BY CATHERINE DE ZEGHER (ED.)." Art Book 14, no. 4 (November 2007): 31–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8357.2007.00863_9.x.

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ROULSTONE, KAREN. "ENCOUNTERING EVA HESSE BY GRISELDA POLLOCK AND VANESSA CORBY (EDS)." Art Book 14, no. 1 (February 2007): 49–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8357.2007.00775.x.

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Rowley, Alison. "Eva Hesse. Tate Modern, London November 13 2002 - March 9 2003." TEXTILE 1, no. 3 (September 2003): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2752/147597503778052965.

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Palm, Nancy. "Critiques of Discourse: Minimalism, Feminism, and the Work of Eva Hesse." International Journal of the Arts in Society: Annual Review 2, no. 2 (2007): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1833-1866/cgp/v02i02/35369.

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Barger, Michelle E. "A Delicate Balance: Packing, Handling, and Installation of Ephemeral Works by Eva Hesse." Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 47, no. 1 (January 2008): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/019713608806112188.

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Wolff-Bernstein, Jeanne. "In Search of Her Own Language Eva Hesse Show San Francisco Museum of Modern ARt." Studies in Gender and Sexuality 6, no. 4 (October 15, 2005): 345–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15240650609349281.

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Paik, Shin-Hye. "A Study on the Relationship between the Psychological Structure of Infants and Artworks in Psychoanalysis －Focused on the Artworks of Louis Bourgeois and Eva Hesse－." Journal of Art and Culture Studies 18 (December 31, 2020): 5–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18707/jacs.2020.12.18.5.

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Ross, Toni. "The limits of spectator-centred criticism: Speaking of Mikala Dwyer's art, Eva Hesse and the legacy of Minimalism." Australian Journal of Art 14, no. 2 (January 1999): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03146464.1999.11432863.

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Bourguignon de Lima, Camila. "“O MISTÉRIO EM TORNO DE NOSSAS IDENTIDADES”: AS MULHERES ARTISTAS DO PASSADO QUE INSPIRAM AS GUERRILLA GIRLS." Linguagens - Revista de Letras, Artes e Comunicação 15, no. 3 (December 20, 2021): 077. http://dx.doi.org/10.7867/1981-9943.2021v15n3p077-094.

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Este artigo emerge da necessidade de reconhecer a criação artística do Guerrilla Girls ao esconderem suas verdadeiras identidades e considerando os registros deixados pelo grupo desde o início de seu percurso de ativismo. O foco é apresentar as mulheres artistas do passado que têm seus nomes apropriados pelo grupo Guerrilla Girls, tomando como critério de escolha dois aspectos: o quantitativo e o qualitativo. O aspecto quantitativo abarca Eva Hesse (1936-1970, pós-minimalismo) e Georgia O’Keeffe (1887-1986, modernismo americano), nomes percebidos como sendo os mais frequentes em entrevistas dadas pelas Guerrilla Girls à imprensa escrita; e o aspecto qualitativo incluem Frida Kahlo (1907-1954, surrealismo mexicano) e Käthe Kollwitz (1867-1945, expressionismo alemão), nomes das artistas usadas pelas lideranças, as componentes mais antigas do grupo e integrantes fundadoras que ainda estão em atividade. Estas quatro representantes respondem pelo grupo em diversas situações, como entrevistas, palestras, viagens, exposições de arte, lançamentos, entre outras situações. Trata-se de compreender a trajetória pública empreendida pelo coletivo a partir da adoção dos nomes de mulheres históricas famosas e negligenciadas nas artes visuais.

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Sisa, Kristjan. "On the philosophy of work and tools." Studia Vernacula 8 (November 13, 2017): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sv.2017.8.219-223.

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This article presents the Estonian translation of the book Hammer and Silence. A Short Introduction to the Philosophy of Tools by the Finnish artist andresearcher Jyrki Siukonen. The topics covered in the book range from observing a tool as such to existential questions about human activity. It is a good guide for anyone with manual dexterity, and of great assistance to the rest who wish to understand them. The book resembles a literary version of a meticulously detailed sculpture. Jyrki Siukonen presents the sculptor’s viewpoint. The author seems to havesympathy for a person like him: a bricoleur, a DIY enthusiast, a person who works with their hands and who, unlike most craftsmen, never takes the easy way out. The discussion of the relationship between tools and human beings is very enlightening: when do tools serve humans and when are humans at the service of tools? The book also examines the prospect of humanity’s manual and mental development. This discussion culminates in the following question: “What happens if people are offered the possibility of renouncing the selffulfilment they find in doing things with their hands?“ In other words, once the Industrial Revolution has reached its peak – what then? This essayistic text has been structured into coherent paragraphs. The more the ideas of the book are thrown around, the more well-grounded the book itself is. The focal points of the discussion include visionaries such as Eva Hesse, Constantin Brâncuşi, Auguste Rodin, Antti Hyry, and Ludwig Wittgenstein. The translation into Estonian has been made with pinpoint accuracy. The translator, Jaan Pärnamäe, conveys the details of the source text with great finesse. Siukonen argues that learning is not only a process of developing innate abilities by imitation. It is something more, something that seeps into a person through birth, space, time, and place; in some instances, this is successful. The author describes the indescribable in the context of human activity and creativity. He examines his topic from several viewpoints until his understanding assumes a clear shape in the readers’ minds. The text is easier to understand if the reader has had contact with handicraft and creative work beforehand. The book provides a mental reference point for creative minds who express themselves by doing things with their hands now, in the twenty first century.

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Gendre, Renato. "La concezione dell'uomo in Hermann Hesse." Acta Neophilologica 34, no. 1-2 (December 1, 2001): 105–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/an.34.1-2.105-119.

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La pubblicazione di Peter Camenzind segna per Hermann Hesse l' inizio di una nuova vita. II successo, il primo grande successo editoriale di un libro, infatti, consente al suo Autore di abbandonare la professione di Iibraio, iniziata a Tubinga e continuata a Basilea dove intanto si era trasferito, per dedicarsi a tempo pieno a quella di scrittore.

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Milton-Laskibar, Iñaki, Alfredo Fernández-Quintela, and María Puy Portillo. "Konposatu fenolikoak eta osasuna." EKAIA Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko Zientzia eta Teknologia Aldizkaria, no. 33 (March 12, 2018): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/ekaia.17818.

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Konposatu fenolikoak, egitura kimikoaren arabera sailkatu daitezkeen zenbait sustantziaz osatutako talde zabal bat dira. Landareek ekoizten dituzte bigarren mailako metabolito gisa, erantzun modura erradiazio ultramorea, patogenoak, kalte oxidatiboa eta ingurumen baldintza zailak bezalako erasoei aurre egiteko. Hori dela eta, modu naturalean daude landare jatorriko elikagaietan, hala nola frutetan, barazkietan, fruitu lehorretan, olioetan, tean eta ardoan. Konposatu fenoliko gehienak ester, glukosido edo polimero gisa aurkitzen dira elikagaietan, eta ondorioz hestean hidrolizatu behar dira xurgatuak izan baino lehen. Gibelean eta heste meharrean konposatu fenolikoak metabolizatzen dira II faseko entzimen eraginez. Gibelean eratzen diren metabolitoen zati bat, heste meharrera jariatuko da behazun bideetatik, eta bertan berriro xurgatuak izateko dekonjugatu egingo dira, edota kolonerako bidea jarraituko dute. Behin heste lodian, hesteko mikrobiotak konposatu fenolikoak metabolizatuko ditu. Prozesu hauen ondorioz, konposatu fenolikoen bioerabilgarritasuna txikia da. Konposatu fenolikoen eta beren metabolitoen iraizpena, gernu bidez gertatzen da nagusiki. Antioxidazio-ahalmen handia duten konposatu bioaktiboak dira. Azken urteetan, eragiten dituzten antioxidazio efektuengatik, eta beste mekanismo batzuengatik, hainbat gaixotasunen garapenaren aurkako efektu onuragarriak egotzi zaizkie: minbizia, gaixotasun kardiobaskularrak eta neuroendekapenezko gaixotasunak.

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Theobald, Pedro, and Guilherme Scherer Mallmann. "Beatrice, um arquétipo junguiano." Téssera 1, no. 2 (July 9, 2019): 86–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/tes-v1n2-2019-47604.

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O presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar o processo de individuação de Emil Sinclair, o protagonista em Demian, de Hermann Hesse. Uma vez que esse processo é um conceito da psicologia analítica de Carl Gustav Jung, nos detemos primeiramente em esclarecer conceitos dessa corrente teórica. Posteriormente, analisamos a evolução gradativa do protagonista até o encontro entre ele e a personagem Beatrice. A partir disso, estudamos as possibilidades dessa personagem ser a personificação do arquétipo anima e de como ela pode representar o aspecto feminino do protagonista. Palavras-chave: Processo de Individuação. Anima. Arquétipo. Literatura. Hermann Hesse

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Gress, Franz, and Richard Lehne. "Lander Goverance in a Global Era: The Case of Hesse." CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs 29, no. 4 (1999): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3330909.

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Gress, F., and R. Lehne. "Lander Governance in a Global Era: The Case of Hesse." Publius: The Journal of Federalism 29, no. 4 (January 1, 1999): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pubjof.a030053.

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Nezirović, Edin, Albina Plojović, and Elma Redžović. "Characteristics of the heroic epic through the example of the Niebelungenlied and the Gudrunlied." Univerzitetska misao - casopis za nauku, kulturu i umjetnost, Novi Pazar, no. 19 (2020): 86–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/univmis2019086n.

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Names such as Goethe, Hesse and literary writers alike are, to the reading public, synonymous for German literature. It is discouraging to see how German heroic epics have not achieved world wide acclaim and popularization, yet their quality precedes that of many bestsellers. Many experts even consider the Nibelungenlied the German equivalent of Homer's Iliad. In this work we will discuss the most significant characteristics of heroic epic by analysing, what we might consider two of the most popular heroic epics in German literature, the Nibelungenlied and the Gudrunlied. These medieval epics are subjects of much scholarly research around the world. For a better understanding of the topic, we will at the very beginning discuss the concepts of epic and heroic prose, their major characteristics as well as their significance in German literature. As the term hero certainly holds a key position in this literary genre we are obligated to hindsight it, and talk through the heroes of the Nibelungenlied and the Gudrunlied. Furthermore, for a better comprehension of the topic it is inevitable to take a closer look at the historical context of these two epics. At the very end we will review their similarities and differences.

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De Mattos, Fernanda Borba, and Carla Simon. "A TEORIZAÇÃO DA CONSTITUIÇÃO: o confronto de ideias entre Ferdinand Lassalle e Konrad Hesse." Revista Saberes da Amazônia 3, no. 07 (March 10, 2019): 123–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31517/rsa.v3i07.249.

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O presente artigo tem o objetivo de realizar um estudo sobre as principais Teorias da Constituição, destacando, no entanto, as posições de Ferdinand Lassalle e Konrad Hesse sobre o tema. Esses dois autores têm visões, opiniões e pensamentos divergentes sobre a própria essência da Constituição, seu conceito, aplicabilidade, eficácia e demais aspectos pertinentes que versam sobre ela e sobre o Direito Constitucional. Apesar de contraditórias, as contribuições dos referidos autores foram de suma importância para que se compreendesse o Direito Constitucional e a Constituição como um todo.

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Ling, Xiaolu, Ying Huang, Weidong Guo, Yixin Wang, Chaorong Chen, Bo Qiu, Jun Ge, Kai Qin, Yong Xue, and Jian Peng. "Comprehensive evaluation of satellite-based and reanalysis soil moisture products using in situ observations over China." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25, no. 7 (July 30, 2021): 4209–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4209-2021.

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Abstract. Soil moisture (SM) plays a critical role in the water and energy cycles of the Earth system; consequently, a long-term SM product with high quality is urgently needed. In this study, five SM products, including one microwave remote sensing product – the European Space Agency's Climate Change Initiative (ESA CCI) – and four reanalysis data sets – European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis – Interim (ERA-Interim), National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), the 20th Century Reanalysis Project from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the ECMWF Reanalysis 5 (ERA5) – are systematically evaluated using in situ measurements during 1981–2013 in four climate regions at different timescales over the Chinese mainland. The results show that ESA CCI is closest to the observations in terms of both the spatial distributions and magnitude of the monthly SM. All reanalysis products tend to overestimate soil moisture in all regions but have higher correlations than the remote sensing product except in Northwest China. The largest inconsistency is found in southern Northeast China region, with an unbiased root mean square error (ubRMSE) value larger than 0.04. However, all products exhibit certain weaknesses in representing the interannual variation in SM. The largest relative bias of 144.4 % is found for the ERA-Interim SM product under extreme and severe wet conditions in northeastern China, and the lowest relative bias is found for the ESA CCI SM product, with the minimum of 0.48 % under extreme and severe wet conditions in northwestern China. Decomposing mean square errors suggests that the bias terms are the dominant contribution for all products, and the correlation term is large for ESA CCI. As a result, the ESA CCI SM product is a good option for long-term hydrometeorological applications on the Chinese mainland. ERA5 is also a promising product, especially in northern and northwestern China in terms of low bias and high correlation coefficient. This long-term intercomparison study provides clues for SM product enhancement and further hydrological applications.

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Hausemann, A., A. Zolg, and U. Heudorf. "Einflussfaktoren auf die Verschreibung von Antibiotika (EVA) – Eine Erhebung bei niedergelassenen Ärzte in Hessen, 2016." Das Gesundheitswesen 79, no. 04 (May 2, 2017): 299–374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1601941.

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Konczalla, Juergen, Volker Seifert, Juergen Beck, Erdem Güresir, Hartmut Vatter, Andreas Raabe, and Gerhard Marquardt. "Outcome after Hunt and Hess Grade V subarachnoid hemorrhage: a comparison of pre-coiling era (1980–1995) versus post-ISAT era (2005–2014)." Journal of Neurosurgery 128, no. 1 (January 2018): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2016.8.jns161075.

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OBJECTIVEOutcome analysis of comatose patients (Hunt and Hess Grade V) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is still lacking. The aims of this study were to analyze the outcome of Hunt and Hess Grade V SAH and to compare outcomes in the current period with those of the pre–International Subarachnoid Aneurysm Trial (ISAT) era as well as with published data from trials of decompressive craniectomy (DC) for middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction.METHODSThe authors analyzed cases of Hunt and Hess Grade V SAH from 1980–1995 (referred to in this study as the earlier period) and 2005–2014 (current period) and compared the results for the 2 periods. The outcomes of 257 cases were analyzed and stratified on the basis of modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores obtained 6 months after SAH. Outcomes were dichotomized as favorable (mRS score of 0–2) or unfavorable (mRS score of 3–6). Data and number needed to treat (NNT) were also compared with the results of decompressive craniectomy (DC) trials for middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarctions.RESULTSEarly aneurysm treatment within 72 hours occurred significantly more often in the current period (in 67% of cases vs 22% in earlier period). In the earlier period, patients had a significantly higher 30-day mortality rate (83% vs 39% in the current period) and 6-month mortality rate (94% vs 49%), and no patient (0%) had a favorable outcome, compared with 23% overall in the current period (p < 0.01, OR 32), or 29.5% of patients whose aneurysms were treated (p < 0.01, OR 219). Cerebral infarctions occurred in up to 65% of the treated patients in the current period.Comparison with data from DC MCA trials showed that the NNTs were significantly lower in the current period with 2 for survival and 3 for mRS score of 0–3 (vs 3 and 7, respectively, for the DC MCA trials).CONCLUSIONSEarly and aggressive treatment resulted in a significant improvement in survival rate (NNT = 2) and favorable outcome (NNT = 3 for mRS score of 0–3) for comatose patients with Hunt and Hess Grade V SAH compared with the earlier period. Independent predictors for favorable outcome were younger age and bilateral intact corneal reflexes. Despite a high rate of cerebral infarction (65%) in the current period, 29.5% of the patients who received treatment for their aneurysms during the current era (2005–2014) had a favorable outcome. However, careful individual decision making is essential in these cases.

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Hasselhoff, Görge K. "Martin Bucer e os judeus." Estudos Teológicos 57, no. 1 (July 6, 2017): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22351/et.v57i1.2953.

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Tradicionalmente, a atitude em relação ao judaísmo de Martin Bucer, o reformador protestante de Estrasburgo, é julgada a partir de “Judenratschlag” (Conselho sobre os judeus) (1538), que ele escreveu junto com alguns pastores de Hesse a pedido do landgrave Felipe II. Este artigo faz uma aproximação diferente examinando as obras de Bucer de acordo com sua ordem cronológica. Sua atitude em relação à língua hebraica não era diferente daquela dos humanistas contemporâneos e, repetidamente, em seu comentário anonimamente publicado sobre os Salmos, utilizou a literatura exegética judaica pertinente.Com judeus contemporâneos como Josel de Rosheim ele mantinha uma relação pessoal amigável. Nesse contexto, é ainda mais surpreendente que ele seja o coautor do áspero livro “Judenratschlag”. A razão para isso poderia ser que Bucer era um teólogo tradicional que cresceu na tradição dominicana. Portanto seu conselho deveria ser visto como um conselho político com traços teológicos. No entanto, Bucer não era tão antijudaico e cheio de ódio judeu como seu companheiro reformador Martim Lutero.

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Schleiss, Marc. "A new discrete multiplicative random cascade model for downscaling intermittent rainfall fields." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 24, no. 7 (July 23, 2020): 3699–723. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3699-2020.

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Abstract. Spatial downscaling of rainfall fields is a challenging mathematical problem for which many different types of methods have been proposed. One popular solution consists of redistributing rainfall amounts over smaller and smaller scales by means of a discrete multiplicative random cascade (DMRCs). This works well for slowly varying homogeneous rainfall fields but often fails in the presence of intermittency (i.e., large amounts of zero rainfall values). The most common workaround in this case is to use two separate cascade models, namely one for the occurrence and another for the intensity. In this paper, a new and simpler approach based on the notion of equal-volume areas (EVAs) is proposed. Unlike classical cascades where rainfall amounts are redistributed over grid cells of equal size, the EVA cascade splits grid cells into areas of different sizes, with each of them containing exactly half of the original amount of water. The relative areas of the subgrid cells are determined by drawing random values from a logit-normal cascade generator model with scale and intensity-dependent standard deviation (SD). The process ends when the amount of water in each subgrid cell is smaller than a fixed-bucket capacity, at which point the output of the cascade can be resampled over a regular Cartesian mesh. The present paper describes the implementation of the EVA cascade model and gives some first results for 100 selected events in the Netherlands. Performance is assessed by comparing the outputs of the EVA model to bilinear interpolation and to a classical DMRC model based on fixed grid cell sizes. Results show that, on average, the EVA cascade outperforms the classical method, producing fields with more realistic distributions, small-scale extremes and spatial structures. Improvements are mostly credited to the higher robustness of the EVA model in the presence of intermittency and to the lower variance of its generator. However, both approaches have their advantages and weaknesses. For example, while the classical cascade tends to overestimate small-scale variability and extremes, the EVA model tends to produce fields that are slightly too smooth and block shaped compared to the observations. The complementary nature of the two approaches, and the fact that they produce errors of opposite signs, opens up new possibilities for quality control and bias corrections of downscaled fields.

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Mentaschi, Lorenzo, Michalis Vousdoukas, Evangelos Voukouvalas, Ludovica Sartini, Luc Feyen, Giovanni Besio, and Lorenzo Alfieri. "The transformed-stationary approach: a generic and simplified methodology for non-stationary extreme value analysis." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 20, no. 9 (September 5, 2016): 3527–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3527-2016.

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Abstract. Statistical approaches to study extreme events require, by definition, long time series of data. In many scientific disciplines, these series are often subject to variations at different temporal scales that affect the frequency and intensity of their extremes. Therefore, the assumption of stationarity is violated and alternative methods to conventional stationary extreme value analysis (EVA) must be adopted. Using the example of environmental variables subject to climate change, in this study we introduce the transformed-stationary (TS) methodology for non-stationary EVA. This approach consists of (i) transforming a non-stationary time series into a stationary one, to which the stationary EVA theory can be applied, and (ii) reverse transforming the result into a non-stationary extreme value distribution. As a transformation, we propose and discuss a simple time-varying normalization of the signal and show that it enables a comprehensive formulation of non-stationary generalized extreme value (GEV) and generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) models with a constant shape parameter. A validation of the methodology is carried out on time series of significant wave height, residual water level, and river discharge, which show varying degrees of long-term and seasonal variability. The results from the proposed approach are comparable with the results from (a) a stationary EVA on quasi-stationary slices of non-stationary series and (b) the established method for non-stationary EVA. However, the proposed technique comes with advantages in both cases. For example, in contrast to (a), the proposed technique uses the whole time horizon of the series for the estimation of the extremes, allowing for a more accurate estimation of large return levels. Furthermore, with respect to (b), it decouples the detection of non-stationary patterns from the fitting of the extreme value distribution. As a result, the steps of the analysis are simplified and intermediate diagnostics are possible. In particular, the transformation can be carried out by means of simple statistical techniques such as low-pass filters based on the running mean and the standard deviation, and the fitting procedure is a stationary one with a few degrees of freedom and is easy to implement and control. An open-source MATLAB toolbox has been developed to cover this methodology, which is available at https://github.com/menta78/tsEva/ (Mentaschi et al., 2016).

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Nilssen, Even. "Bjørn Henning Østenstad, Caroline Adolphsen, Eva Naur,Henriette Sinding Aasen (red.): Selvbestemmelse og tvang i helse- og omsorgstjenesten." Tidsskrift for velferdsforskning 21, no. 04 (December 18, 2018): 353–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn.2464-3076-2018-04-06.

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Pulido, Camila, Gerardo Malagón, Camilo Ferrer, Jun Kui Chen, Juan Manuel Angueyra, Enrico Nasi, and María del Pilar Gomez. "The light-sensitive conductance of melanopsin-expressing Joseph and Hesse cells in amphioxus." Journal of General Physiology 139, no. 1 (December 26, 2011): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201110717.

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Two types of microvillar photoreceptors in the neural tube of amphioxus, an early chordate, sense light via melanopsin, the same photopigment as in “circadian” light detectors of higher vertebrates. Because in amphioxus melanopsin activates a Gq/phospholipase C cascade, like phototransduction in arthropods and mollusks, possible commonalities in the photoconductance were investigated. Unlike other microvillar photoreceptors, reversal of the photocurrent can only be attained upon replacement of extracellular Na+. In addition to Na+, Ca2+ is also permeant, as indicated by the fact that (a) in normal ionic conditions the photocurrent remains inward at Vm > ENa; (b) in Na-free solution a small residual inward photocurrent persists at Vm near resting level, provided that Ca is present; and (c) Vrev exhibits a modest shift with [Ca]o manipulations. The unusual reversal is accounted for by an uncommonly low permeability of the light-dependent channels to K+, as [K]o only marginally affects the photocurrent amplitude and its reversal. Lanthanum and ruthenium red (RuR), two TRP channel antagonists, reversibly suppress the response to photostimulation of moderate intensity; therefore, the melanopsin-initiated cascade may recruit ion channels of the same family as those of rhabdomeric photoreceptors. With brighter lights, blockage declines, so that both La3+ and RuR induce a right shift in the sensitivity curve without a reduction of its asymptote. Nonetheless, an effect on the transduction cascade, rather than the channels, was ruled out on the basis of the voltage dependency of the blockade and the lack of effects of intracellular application of the same substances. The mechanisms of action of these antagonists thus entail a state-dependent blockade, with a higher affinity for the channel in the closed conformation. Collectively, the results indicate a kinship of the light-sensitive channels of amphioxus with those of invertebrate rhabdomeric visual cells and support the representation of this lineage of photoreceptors among chordates.

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López López, Patricia, Edwin H. Sutanudjaja, Jaap Schellekens, Geert Sterk, and Marc F. P. Bierkens. "Calibration of a large-scale hydrological model using satellite-based soil moisture and evapotranspiration products." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 6 (June 29, 2017): 3125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3125-2017.

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Abstract. A considerable number of river basins around the world lack sufficient ground observations of hydro-meteorological data for effective water resources assessment and management. Several approaches can be developed to increase the quality and availability of data in these poorly gauged or ungauged river basins; among them, the use of Earth observations products has recently become promising. Earth observations of various environmental variables can be used potentially to increase knowledge about the hydrological processes in the basin and to improve streamflow model estimates, via assimilation or calibration. The present study aims to calibrate the large-scale hydrological model PCRaster GLOBal Water Balance (PCR-GLOBWB) using satellite-based products of evapotranspiration and soil moisture for the Moroccan Oum er Rbia River basin. Daily simulations at a spatial resolution of 5 × 5 arcmin are performed with varying parameters values for the 32-year period 1979–2010. Five different calibration scenarios are inter-compared: (i) reference scenario using the hydrological model with the standard parameterization, (ii) calibration using in situ-observed discharge time series, (iii) calibration using the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) actual evapotranspiration time series, (iv) calibration using ESA Climate Change Initiative (CCI) surface soil moisture time series and (v) step-wise calibration using GLEAM actual evapotranspiration and ESA CCI surface soil moisture time series. The impact on discharge estimates of precipitation in comparison with model parameters calibration is investigated using three global precipitation products, including ERA-Interim (EI), WATCH Forcing methodology applied to ERA-Interim reanalysis data (WFDEI) and Multi-Source Weighted-Ensemble Precipitation data by merging gauge, satellite and reanalysis data (MSWEP). Results show that GLEAM evapotranspiration and ESA CCI soil moisture may be used for model calibration resulting in reasonable discharge estimates (NSE values from 0.5 to 0.75), although better model performance is achieved when the model is calibrated with in situ streamflow observations. Independent calibration based on only evapotranspiration or soil moisture observations improves model predictions to a lesser extent. Precipitation input affects discharge estimates more than calibrating model parameters. The use of WFDEI precipitation leads to the lowest model performances. Apart from the in situ discharge calibration scenario, the highest discharge improvement is obtained when EI and MSWEP precipitation products are used in combination with a step-wise calibration approach based on evapotranspiration and soil moisture observations. This study opens up the possibility of using globally available Earth observations and reanalysis products of precipitation, evapotranspiration and soil moisture in large-scale hydrological models to estimate discharge at a river basin scale.

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Gelati, Emiliano, Bertrand Decharme, Jean-Christophe Calvet, Marie Minvielle, Jan Polcher, David Fairbairn, and Graham P. Weedon. "Hydrological assessment of atmospheric forcing uncertainty in the Euro-Mediterranean area using a land surface model." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 4 (April 4, 2018): 2091–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-2091-2018.

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Abstract. Physically consistent descriptions of land surface hydrology are crucial for planning human activities that involve freshwater resources, especially in light of the expected climate change scenarios. We assess how atmospheric forcing data uncertainties affect land surface model (LSM) simulations by means of an extensive evaluation exercise using a number of state-of-the-art remote sensing and station-based datasets. For this purpose, we use the CO2-responsive ISBA-A-gs LSM coupled with the CNRM version of the Total Runoff Integrated Pathways (CTRIP) river routing model. We perform multi-forcing simulations over the Euro-Mediterranean area (25–75.5∘ N, 11.5∘ W–62.5∘ E, at 0.5∘ resolution) from 1979 to 2012. The model is forced using four atmospheric datasets. Three of them are based on the ERA-Interim reanalysis (ERA-I). The fourth dataset is independent from ERA-Interim: PGF, developed at Princeton University. The hydrological impacts of atmospheric forcing uncertainties are assessed by comparing simulated surface soil moisture (SSM), leaf area index (LAI) and river discharge against observation-based datasets: SSM from the European Space Agency's Water Cycle Multi-mission Observation Strategy and Climate Change Initiative projects (ESA-CCI), LAI of the Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS), and Global Runoff Data Centre (GRDC) river discharge. The atmospheric forcing data are also compared to reference datasets. Precipitation is the most uncertain forcing variable across datasets, while the most consistent are air temperature and SW and LW radiation. At the monthly timescale, SSM and LAI simulations are relatively insensitive to forcing uncertainties. Some discrepancies with ESA-CCI appear to be forcing-independent and may be due to different assumptions underlying the LSM and the remote sensing retrieval algorithm. All simulations overestimate average summer and early-autumn LAI. Forcing uncertainty impacts on simulated river discharge are larger on mean values and standard deviations than on correlations with GRDC data. Anomaly correlation coefficients are not inferior to those computed from raw monthly discharge time series, indicating that the model reproduces inter-annual variability fairly well. However, simulated river discharge time series generally feature larger variability compared to measurements. They also tend to overestimate winter–spring high flows and underestimate summer–autumn low flows. Considering that several differences emerge between simulations and reference data, which may not be completely explained by forcing uncertainty, we suggest several research directions. These range from further investigating the discrepancies between LSMs and remote sensing retrievals to developing new model components to represent physical and anthropogenic processes.

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Smith, Anne Marie. "THE ASHKELON DOG CEMETERY CONUNDRUM." Journal for Semitics 24, no. 1 (November 15, 2017): 93–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/1013-8471/3440.

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Between 1989 and 1992 about 1 200 dog remains were excavated at Ashkelon as part of the Leon Levy expedition. This find generated much interest and debate at the time. The leader of the excavations, Prof. Lawrence E. Stager of Harvard University, attributed the dog cemetery to the presence of a cultic healing centre to which the dogs were supposed to have belonged. As no such centre has been found up to the present, this article reassesses the available facts from the excavations, the subsequent research and analysis of the remains by Dr Paula Wapnish and Prof. Brian Hesse, as well as other opinions. A completely novel explanation will be formulated for the presence of so many dogs in Ashkelon during the Persian era and why they were buried in that particular plac

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Beven, Keith. "The era of infiltration." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25, no. 2 (February 22, 2021): 851–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-851-2021.

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Abstract. Inspired by a quotation from Howard Cook in 1946, this paper traces the evolution of the infiltration theory of runoff from the work of Robert Horton and LeRoy Sherman in the 1930s to the early digital computer models of the 1970s and 1980s. The reasons for the popularity of the infiltration theory are considered and its impact on the way in which hydrological responses were perceived by several generations of hydrologists. Reconsideration of the perceptual model for many catchments, partly as a result of the greater appreciation of the contribution of subsurface flows to the hydrograph indicated by tracer studies, suggests a more precise utilisation of hydrological terms and, in particular, that the use of runoff and surface runoff should be avoided.

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Szczypta, C., J. C. Calvet, C. Albergel, G. Balsamo, S. Boussetta, D. Carrer, S. Lafont, and C. Meurey. "Verification of the new ECMWF ERA-Interim reanalysis over France." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 7, no. 5 (September 22, 2010): 7151–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-7-7151-2010.

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Abstract. An evaluation of the global ECMWF atmospheric reanalysis ERA-Interim (with a 0.5° grid) is performed over France, based on the high resolution (8 km) SAFRAN atmospheric reanalysis. The ERA-Interim precipitation, Incoming Solar Radiation (ISR), air temperature, air humidity, and wind speed, are compared with their SAFRAN counterparts. Also, interpolated in situ ISR observations are used in order to consolidate the evaluation of this variable. The daily precipitation estimates produced by ERA-Interim over France correlate very well with SAFRAN. However, the values are underestimated by 26%. A GPCP-corrected version of ERA-Interim is less biased (10–15%). The ERA-Interim estimates of ISR correlate very well with SAFRAN and with in situ observations on a daily basis. Whereas SAFRAN underestimates the ISR by 6–8 W m−2, ERA-Interim overestimates the ISR by 9–10 W m−2. In order to assess the impact of the ERA-Interim errors, simulations of the ISBA-A-gs land surface model are performed over the SMOSREX grassland site in southwestern France using ERA-Interim (with and without GPCP rescaling) and SAFRAN. Latent and sensible heat fluxes are simulated, together with carbon dioxide fluxes. The rescaled ERA-Interim performs better than the original ERA-Interim and permits to achieve flux scores similar to those obtained with SAFRAN.

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Albergel, Clement, Emanuel Dutra, Simon Munier, Jean-Christophe Calvet, Joaquin Munoz-Sabater, Patricia de Rosnay, and Gianpaolo Balsamo. "ERA-5 and ERA-Interim driven ISBA land surface model simulations: which one performs better?" Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 6 (June 28, 2018): 3515–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-3515-2018.

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Abstract. The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) recently released the first 7-year segment of its latest atmospheric reanalysis: ERA-5 over the period 2010–2016. ERA-5 has important changes relative to the former ERA-Interim atmospheric reanalysis including higher spatial and temporal resolutions as well as a more recent model and data assimilation system. ERA-5 is foreseen to replace ERA-Interim reanalysis and one of the main goals of this study is to assess whether ERA-5 can enhance the simulation performances with respect to ERA-Interim when it is used to force a land surface model (LSM). To that end, both ERA-5 and ERA-Interim are used to force the ISBA (Interactions between Soil, Biosphere, and Atmosphere) LSM fully coupled with the Total Runoff Integrating Pathways (TRIP) scheme adapted for the CNRM (Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques) continental hydrological system within the SURFEX (SURFace Externalisée) modelling platform of Météo-France. Simulations cover the 2010–2016 period at half a degree spatial resolution. The ERA-5 impact on ISBA LSM relative to ERA-Interim is evaluated using remote sensing and in situ observations covering a substantial part of the land surface storage and fluxes over the continental US domain. The remote sensing observations include (i) satellite-driven model estimates of land evapotranspiration, (ii) upscaled ground-based observations of gross primary production, (iii) satellite-derived estimates of surface soil moisture and (iv) satellite-derived estimates of leaf area index (LAI). The in situ observations cover (i) soil moisture, (ii) turbulent heat fluxes, (iii) river discharges and (iv) snow depth. ERA-5 leads to a consistent improvement over ERA-Interim as verified by the use of these eight independent observations of different land status and of the model simulations forced by ERA-5 when compared with ERA-Interim. This is particularly evident for the land surface variables linked to the terrestrial hydrological cycle, while variables linked to vegetation are less impacted. Results also indicate that while precipitation provides, to a large extent, improvements in surface fields (e.g. large improvement in the representation of river discharge and snow depth), the other atmospheric variables play an important role, contributing to the overall improvements. These results highlight the importance of enhanced meteorological forcing quality provided by the new ERA-5 reanalysis, which will pave the way for a new generation of land-surface developments and applications.

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Balsamo, G., C. Albergel, A. Beljaars, S. Boussetta, H. Cloke, D. Dee, E. Dutra, et al. "ERA-Interim/Land: a global land water resources dataset." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 12 (December 4, 2013): 14705–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-14705-2013.

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Abstract. The ERA-Interim/Land is a global land-surface dataset covering the period 1979–2010 and describing the evolution of the soil (moisture and temperature) and snowpack. ERA-Interim/Land is the result of a single 32 yr simulation with the latest ECMWF land surface model driven by meteorological forcing from the ERA-Interim atmospheric reanalysis and precipitation adjustments based on GPCP v2.1. ERA-Interim/Land preserves closure of the water balance and includes a number of parameterisations improvements in the land surface scheme with respect to the original ERA-Interim dataset, which makes it suitable for climate studies involving land water resources. The quality of ERA-Interim/Land, assessed by comparing with ground-based and remote sensing observations is discussed. In particular, estimates of soil moisture, snow depth, surface albedo, turbulent latent and sensible fluxes, and river discharges are verified against a large number of sites measurements. ERA-Interim/Land provides a global integrated and coherent water resources estimate that is used also for the initialization of numerical weather prediction and climate models.

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chung Kyung Yeon and 송윤진. "Study about the variability of fiber in Process art -centered on the works of Robert Morris and Eva Hess-." Korean Journal of Art and Media 13, no. 4 (November 2014): 115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36726/cammp.2014.13.4.115.

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Versluis, Arthur. "The Cosmological Gnosis of Miguel Serrano." Gnosis 7, no. 1 (March 10, 2022): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2451859x-00701003.

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Abstract A close look at a very unusual instance of how gnosis, and specific concepts from early Christian-era Gnosticism, appear directly in the numerous late works of a recent Chilean author, Miguel Serrano (1917–2009), and of how his work and thought exemplifies cosmological gnosis. Many international readers knew Serrano as author of unusual fictional works, and as an ambassador for Chile to several countries. During his time abroad, he met, and in many cases befriended, famous figures of the day, including Carl Jung, Herman Hesse, Ezra Pound and the fourteenth Dalai Lama. But fewer are aware of his works promoting a grand cosmological synthesis of many world religious traditions with esoteric Hitlerism expressed in gnostic terms. His syncretic system includes references to a demiurge and to gnosis, as well as to many other esoteric traditions from Europe, India, Tibet, and elsewhere, largely in a Gnostic context. This article by Arthur Versluis is the first to explore this aspect of Serrano’s work.

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Klion, Amy. "Hypereosinophilic syndrome: approach to treatment in the era of precision medicine." Hematology 2018, no. 1 (November 30, 2018): 326–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/asheducation-2018.1.326.

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Abstract Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HESs) are a heterogeneous group of rare disorders characterized by peripheral eosinophilia and eosinophilic end organ complications. Conventional therapies, including glucocorticoids and cytotoxic and immunomodulatory agents, have variable efficacy and significant toxicity. Although the recent development of agents that target eosinophils, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies, provides the possibility of more effective, less toxic approaches to treatment of HES, there are little available data to guide their use in these conditions. In the following review, the controversies regarding the definition and classification of HES will be discussed, and a pragmatic approach to treatment based on clinically defined HES variants will be presented. An illustrative case will be used to highlight the complexities of treatment selection in HES patients.

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Gao, L., M. Bernhardt, and K. Schulz. "Downscaling ERA-Interim temperature data in complex terrain." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 9, no. 5 (May 9, 2012): 5931–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-9-5931-2012.

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Abstract. Air temperature controls a large variety of environmental processes, and is an essential input parameter for land surface models e.g. in hydrology, ecology and climatology. However, meteorological networks, which can provide the necessary information, are commonly sparse in complex terrains, especially in high mountainous regions. In order to provide temperature data in an adequate temporal and spatial resolution for local scale applications, we have developed a new downscaling method able to scale 3-hourly ERA-Interim temperature data. The scheme is based on model internal vertical lapse rates derived from different ERA-Interim pressure levels. The results are validated for three meteorological stations, located within the same ERA-Interim grid element: Zugspitze, Garmisch-Partenkirchen and Zugspitzplatt, in the German Alps; they are also compared with two other statistical, lapse rate based downscaling approaches. The results indicate that the use of model internal ERA-Interim lapse rates can significantly improve the downscaling performance when compared to the standard procedure of using fixed lapse rates.

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Enenkel, M., C. Reimer, W. Dorigo, W. Wagner, I. Pfeil, R. Parinussa, and R. De Jeu. "Combining satellite observations to develop a daily global soil moisture product for a wide range of applications." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 12, no. 11 (November 3, 2015): 11549–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-12-11549-2015.

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Abstract. The soil moisture dataset that is generated via the Climate Change Initiative (CCI) of the European Space Agency (ESA) (ESA CCI SM) is a popular research product. It is composed of observations from nine different satellites and aims to exploit the individual strengths of active (radar) and passive (radiometer) sensors, thereby providing surface soil moisture estimates at a spatial resolution of 0.25°. However, the annual updating cycle limits the use of the ESA CCI SM dataset for operational applications. Therefore, this study proposes an adaptation of the ESA CCI processing chain for daily global updates via satellite-derived near real-time (NRT) soil moisture observations. In order to extend the ESA CCI SM dataset from 1978 to present we use NRT observations from the Advanced SCATterometer on-board the MetOp satellites and the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 on-board GCOM-W. Since these NRT observations do not incorporate the latest algorithmic updates, parameter databases, and intercalibration efforts, by nature they offer a lower quality than reprocessed offline datasets. Our findings indicate that, despite issues in arid regions, the new "CCI NRT" dataset shows a good correlation with ESA CCI SM. The average global correlation coefficient between CCI NRT and ESA CCI SM (Pearson's R) is 0.8. An initial validation with 40 in-situ observations in France, Kenya, Senegal and Kenya yields an average R of 0.58 and 0.49 for ESA CCI SM and CCI NRT respectively. In summary, the CCI NRT dataset is getting ready for operational use, supporting applications such as drought and flood monitoring, weather forecasting or agricultural applications.

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Abramowski, A., F. Acero, F. Aharonian, A. G. Akhperjanian, G. Anton, A. Balzer, A. Barnacka, et al. "HESS observations of the Carina nebula and its enigmatic colliding wind binary Eta Carinae." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 424, no. 1 (June 12, 2012): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21180.x.

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48

Szczypta, C., J. C. Calvet, C. Albergel, G. Balsamo, S. Boussetta, D. Carrer, S. Lafont, and C. Meurey. "Verification of the new ECMWF ERA-Interim reanalysis over France." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 2 (February 25, 2011): 647–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-647-2011.

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Abstract. An evaluation of the global ECMWF atmospheric reanalysis ERA-Interim (with a 0.5° grid) is performed over France, based on the high resolution (8 km) SAFRAN atmospheric reanalysis. The ERA-Interim precipitation, Incoming Solar Radiation (ISR), air temperature, air humidity, and wind speed, are compared with their SAFRAN counterparts. Also, interpolated in situ ISR observations are used in order to consolidate the evaluation of this variable. The daily precipitation estimates produced by ERA-Interim over France correlate very well with SAFRAN. However, the values are underestimated by 27%. A GPCP-corrected version of ERA-Interim is less biased (13%). The ERA-Interim estimates of ISR correlate very well with SAFRAN and with in situ observations on a daily basis. Whereas SAFRAN underestimates the ISR by 6 Wm−2, ERA-Interim overestimates the ISR by 10 Wm−2. In order to assess the impact of the ERA-Interim errors, simulations of the ISBA-A-gs land surface model are performed over the SMOSREX grassland site in southwestern France using ERA-Interim (with and without GPCP rescaling) and SAFRAN. Latent and sensible heat fluxes are simulated, together with carbon dioxide fluxes. The rescaled ERA-Interim performs better than the original ERA-Interim and permits to achieve flux scores similar to those obtained with SAFRAN.

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Martini, Edoardo, Ulrike Werban, Steffen Zacharias, Marco Pohle, Peter Dietrich, and Ute Wollschläger. "Repeated electromagnetic induction measurements for mapping soil moisture at the field scale: validation with data from a wireless soil moisture monitoring network." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 1 (January 26, 2017): 495–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-495-2017.

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Abstract. Electromagnetic induction (EMI) measurements are widely used for soil mapping, as they allow fast and relatively low-cost surveys of soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa). Although the use of non-invasive EMI for imaging spatial soil properties is very attractive, the dependence of ECa on several factors challenges any interpretation with respect to individual soil properties or states such as soil moisture (θ). The major aim of this study was to further investigate the potential of repeated EMI measurements to map θ, with particular focus on the temporal variability of the spatial patterns of ECa and θ. To this end, we compared repeated EMI measurements with high-resolution θ data from a wireless soil moisture and soil temperature monitoring network for an extensively managed hillslope area for which soil properties and θ dynamics are known. For the investigated site, (i) ECa showed small temporal variations whereas θ varied from very dry to almost saturation, (ii) temporal changes of the spatial pattern of ECa differed from those of the spatial pattern of θ, and (iii) the ECa–θ relationship varied with time. Results suggest that (i) depending upon site characteristics, stable soil properties can be the major control of ECa measured with EMI, and (ii) for soils with low clay content, the influence of θ on ECa may be confounded by changes of the electrical conductivity of the soil solution. Further, this study discusses the complex interplay between factors controlling ECa and θ, and the use of EMI-based ECa data with respect to hydrological applications.

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Enenkel, Markus, Christoph Reimer, Wouter Dorigo, Wolfgang Wagner, Isabella Pfeil, Robert Parinussa, and Richard De Jeu. "Combining satellite observations to develop a global soil moisture product for near-real-time applications." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 20, no. 10 (October 17, 2016): 4191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-4191-2016.

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Abstract. The soil moisture dataset that is generated via the Climate Change Initiative (CCI) of the European Space Agency (ESA) (ESA CCI SM) is a popular research product. It is composed of observations from 10 different satellites and aims to exploit the individual strengths of active (radar) and passive (radiometer) sensors, thereby providing surface soil moisture estimates at a spatial resolution of 0.25°. However, the annual updating cycle limits the use of the ESA CCI SM dataset for operational applications. Therefore, this study proposes an adaptation of the ESA CCI product for daily global updates via satellite-derived near-real-time (NRT) soil moisture observations. In order to extend the ESA CCI SM dataset from 1978 to present we use NRT observations from the Advanced Scatterometer on-board the two MetOp satellites and the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 on-board GCOM-W. Since these NRT observations do not incorporate the latest algorithmic updates, parameter databases and intercalibration efforts, by nature they offer a lower quality than reprocessed offline datasets. In addition to adaptations of the ESA CCI SM processing chain for NRT datasets, the quality of the NRT datasets is a main source of uncertainty. Our findings indicate that, despite issues in arid regions, the new CCI NRT dataset shows a good correlation with ESA CCI SM. The average global correlation coefficient between CCI NRT and ESA CCI SM (Pearson's R) is 0.80. An initial validation with 40 in situ observations in France, Spain, Senegal and Kenya yields an average R of 0.58 and 0.49 for ESA CCI SM and CCI NRT, respectively. In summary, the CCI NRT product is nearly as accurate as the existing ESA CCI SM product and, therefore, of significant value for operational applications such as drought and flood forecasting, agricultural index insurance or weather forecasting.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Eva Hesse'

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