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Journal articles on the topic 'Euthanasia in the press Australia'

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Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Battin, Margaret P. "Book Review Angels of Death: Exploring the Euthanasia Underground By Roger S. Magnusson, with contributions from Peter H. Ballis. 336 pp. New Haven, Conn., Yale University Press, 2002. (Copublished with Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, Australia.) $35. 0-300-09439-6." New England Journal of Medicine 348, no. 21 (May 22, 2003): 2162–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm200305223482127.

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2

Zinn, C. "Australia passes first euthanasia law." BMJ 310, no. 6992 (June 3, 1995): 1427–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.310.6992.1427a.

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3

Zinn, C. "Australia continues debate on euthanasia." BMJ 310, no. 6979 (March 4, 1995): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.310.6979.553a.

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4

Ragg, Mark. "Australia: For or against euthanasia?" Lancet 339, no. 8796 (March 1992): 800–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)91914-t.

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5

Cordner, Stephen, and Kathy Ettershank. "Australia says “no” to euthanasia." Lancet 348, no. 9043 (December 1996): 1730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)65848-5.

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6

Aranda, Sanchia, Gabrielle Bence, and Margaret O’Connor. "Euthanasia: a perspective from Australia." International Journal of Palliative Nursing 5, no. 6 (November 1999): 298–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ijpn.1999.5.6.8958.

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7

Bagaric. "The Kuhse-Singer Euthanasia Survey: Why it Fails to Undermine the Slippery Slope Argument — Comparing Apples and Apples." European Journal of Health Law 9, no. 3 (2002): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180902760498779.

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AbstractA survey published in the Medical Journal of Australia in 1997 showed that the incidence of non-voluntary euthanasia in Australia was higher than in the Netherlands. Euthanasia is illegal in Australia, while it is openly practiced in the Netherlands. It has been suggested that the results of the survey undermine the slippery slope argument against legalising euthanasia. This is wrong. Although at the time of the survey, euthanasia was formally prohibited by the law in Australia, the medical and legal culture was such that doctors could practice euthanasia with impunity — in certain circumstances euthanasia by doctors was effectively condoned. This is in fact supported by the findings of the survey. The survey suggests that there were approximately 6,700 cases of euthanasia in Australia in the year from July 1994 to June 1995 — not one of which was prosecuted, let alone resulted in a conviction. Ultimately the survey merely shows that in a climate where voluntary euthanasia is tolerated, wide scale abuses (in the form of non-voluntary euthanasia) occur. Paradoxically the results of the survey give further support to the slippery slope argument.

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8

DALTON-BROWN, SALLY. "Healthcare in Australia." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 25, no. 3 (June 27, 2016): 414–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180116000062.

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Abstract:No single issue has dominated health practitioners’ ethical debates in 2014 in Australia, but a controversial decision on gene patenting and the media focus on “Dr. Death,” euthanasia campaigner Dr. Philip Nitschke, have given new life to these two familiar (and global) debates. Currently a dying with dignity bill, drafted by the Australian Green Party, is under examination. The Senate inquiry into the bill received more than 663 submissions, with 57% opposed and 43% in support of the bill, which has now been referred to a Senate committee. Will this be another of Australia’s failed attempts to legalize euthanasia? The trial of Dr. Nitschke begins on November 10, 2014.

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9

Ryan, Christopher. "Australasian Psychiatry and Euthanasia." Australasian Psychiatry 4, no. 6 (December 1996): 307–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10398569609082072.

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In May 1995, the Northern Territory of Australia became the first legislative jurisdiction in the world to introduce legislation specifically sanctioning active voluntary euthanasia. Shortly after the introduction of the legislation many of Australia's political leaders announced that they would support similar legislation in their jurisdictions and there nave already been attempts to pass such legislation elsewhere in Australia and in New Zealand.

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10

Rosen, Alan. "Return from the vanishing point: a clinician's perspective on art and mental illness, and particularly schizophrenia." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 16, no. 2 (June 2007): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00004747.

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SUMMARYAims - To examine earlier uses and abuses of artworks by individuals living with severe mental illnesses, and particularly schizophrenia by both the psychiatric and arts communities and prevailing stereotypes associated with such practices. Further, to explore alternative constructions of the artworks and roles of the artist with schizophrenia and other severe mental illnesses, which may be more consistent with amore contemporary recovery orientation, encompassing their potentials for empowerment, social inclusion as citizens and legitimacy of their cultural role in the community. Results - Earlier practices with regardto the artworks of captive patients of psychiatrists, psychotherapists, art therapists, occupational and diversional therapists, often emphasised diagnostic or interpretive purposes, or were used to gauge progress or exemplify particular syndromes. As artists and art historians began to take an interest in such artworks, they emphasised their expressive, communicative and aesthetic aspects, sometimes in relation to primitive art. These efforts to ascribe value to these works, while well-meaning, were sometimes patronising and vulnerable to perversion by totalitarian regimes, which portrayed them as degenerate art, often alongside the works of mainstream modernist artists. This has culminated in revelations that the most prominent European collection of psychiatric art still contains, and appears to have only started to acknowledge since these revelations, unattributed works by hospital patients who were exterminated in the so-called “euthanasia” program in the Nazi era. Conclusions - Terms like Psychiatric Art, Art Therapy, Art Brut and Outsider Art may be vulnerable to abuse and are a poor fit with the aspirations of artists living with severe mental illnesses, who are increasingly exercising their rights to live and work freely, without being captive, or having others controlling their lives, or mediating and interpreting their works. They sometimes do not mind living voluntarily marginal lives as artists, but they prefer to live as citizens, without being involuntarily marginalised by stigma. They also prefer to live with culturally valued roles which are recognised as legitimate in the community, where they are also more likely to heal and recover.Declaration of Interest: This paper was completed during a Visiting Fellowship, Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, & Department of Medical Anthropology, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass, USA. A condensed version of this paper is published in “For Matthew & Others: Journeys with Schizophrenia”, Dysart, D, Fenner, F, Loxley, A, eds. Sydney, University of New South Wales Press in conjunction with Campbelltown Arts Centre & Joan Sutherland Performing Arts Centre, Penrith, 2006, to accompany with a large exhibition of the same name, with symposia & performances, atseveral public art galleries in Sydney & Melbourne, Australia. The author is also a printmaker, partly trained at Ruskin School, Oxford, Central St. Martin's School, London, and College of Fine Arts, University of New South Wales, Sydney.

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11

Julesz, Máté. "Euthanasia outside Europe." Orvosi Hetilap 155, no. 32 (August 2014): 1259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2014.29978.

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The passive form of euthanasia is legalized almost in every civilized country. Its active form is not a generally accepted legal institution. In Europe, active euthanasia is legalized only in The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and Switzerland. In Australia, the Act on the Rights of the Terminally Ill of 1995 legalized the institution of assisted suicide, which is not identical to active euthanasia. The difference lies in the fact that legalized active euthanasia means that the author of a murder is not punishable (under certain circumstances), whilst assisted suicide is not about murder, rather about suicide. In the first case, the patient is killed on his or her request by someone else. In the second case, the patient himself or herself executes the act of self-killing (by the assistance of a healthcare worker). In Australia, the institution of assisted suicide was repealed in 1997. Assisted suicide is legal in four USA member states: in Vermont, Washington, Montana and Oregon. In Uruguay, the active form of euthanasia has been legal since 1932. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(32), 1259–1264.

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12

Hausmann, E. "How press discourse justifies euthanasia." Mortality 9, no. 3 (August 2004): 206–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13576270412331272798.

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13

Carey, Lindsay B., Jeffrey Cohen, and Bruce Rumbold. "HEALTH CARE CHAPLAINCY AND EUTHANASIA IN AUSTRALIA." Health and Social Care Chaplaincy 12, no. 1 (April 6, 2013): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/hscc.v12i1.3.

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14

Hicks, N. "The Quality of Death: Euthanasia in Australia." Journal of Medical Ethics 24, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 141–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.24.2.141.

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15

Weyden, Martin B. Van Der. "Deaths, dying and the euthanasia debate in Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 166, no. 4 (February 1997): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1997.tb140067.x.

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16

Street, Annette, and David W. Kissane. "Dispensing Death, Desiring Death: An Exploration of Medical Roles and Patient Motivation During the Period of Legalized Euthanasia in Australia." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 40, no. 1 (February 2000): 231–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/jb07-5gcr-bh81-j2qn.

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A qualitative case study was conducted to explore the clinical decision making processes that underpinned the practice of euthanasia under the Rights of the Terminally Ill (ROTI) Act. The key informant for this research was Philip Nitschke, the general practitioner responsible for the legal cases of euthanasia. His information was supported by extensive document analysis based on the public texts created by patients in the form of letters and documentaries. Further collaborating sources were those texts generated by the media, rights groups, politicians, the coroner's court, and the literature on euthanasia and assisted suicide. A key study finding was that the ROTI legislation did not adequately provide for the specific medical situation in the Northern Territory, Australia. The medical roles, as proscribed by the legislation, carried many inherent assumptions about the health care context and the availability of appropriately qualified medical staff committed to providing euthanasia. These assumptions translated into difficulties in establishing clinical practices for the provision of euthanasia. A further finding concerned the motivations of those who requested euthanasia. This article addresses the medical roles and the motivations of those seeking euthanasia.

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17

Sikora, Joanna, and Frank Lewins. "Attitudes concerning euthanasia: Australia at the turn of the 21stCentury." Health Sociology Review 16, no. 1 (April 2007): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/hesr.2007.16.1.68.

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18

Hunt, Roger W., Malcolm Parker, Rodney A. Syme, Julia M. Anaf, Clem F. Nommensen, Frances J. Coombe, and Margaret A. Somerville. "“Death talk”: debating euthanasia and physician‐assisted suicide in Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 179, no. 1 (July 2003): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2003.tb05426.x.

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19

Somerville, Margaret A. "“Death talk”: debating euthanasia and physician‐assisted suicide in Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 178, no. 4 (February 2003): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2003.tb05135.x.

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20

Turow, Joseph, Arthur L. Caplan, and John S. Bracken. "Domestic ‘zealotry’ and press discourse: Kevorkian's euthanasia incident." Journalism: Theory, Practice & Criticism 1, no. 2 (August 2000): 197–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146488490000100201.

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21

Polishchuk, Mykola. "LIFE AND DEATH. EUTANASIA." JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES OF UKRAINE, Issue 1; 2021 (May 20, 2021): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37621/jnamsu-2020-1-7.

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Euthanasia is a good death in Greek. According to Wikipedia, «euthanasia» is the termination of a person's life in a quick, painless way. Euthanasia is used in people who have incurable diseases and no longer want to suffer from pain, their condition. The term «euthanasia» was first used by F. Bacon to denote easy death in the 17th century. Since 2020, certain types of euthanasia are legally allowed in Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Switzerland, Germany, Canada, parts of Australia, and in some of the sUS states. Palliative and hospice care is sometimes seen as a relative alternative to euthanasia. There are two types of euthanasia – active, which involves the administration of a dying person, drugs that cause rapid death, and passive – intentional cessation of maintenance therapy to the patient. Active euthanasia is often considered suicide with medical help, if the doctor gives the patient a drugs that will shorten his life at the request of the patient.. In Ukraine, the actions of a doctor for euthanasia are considered premeditated murder. The coronavirus pandemic has shown that many countries of the world are ready to introduce passive euthanasia, that is, in the event of mass morbidity, not only ideas are spread, but also projects about the inaccessibility of medical care for the elderly in order to save young people, about limiting the hospitalizations of elderly people with a serious illness, which requires mechanical ventilation with a shortage of ventilators and hospitals that can provide oxygenation. The debate over euthanasia revolves around the following issues: people have the right to self-determination and independent choice of destiny; helping the sick people to die may be a better choice than suffering; the difference between active and passive euthanasia is insignificant; permission for euthanasia does not necessarily lead to adverse consequences. Disputes often take place at the ethical or religious level. Opponents of euthanasia defend the right for life under any circumstances, and the adoption of the law expands the cohort of patients with euthanasia and hope for life. Keywords: euthanasia, death, life, consciousness, stroke.

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22

Mavroforou and Michalodimitrakis. "Euthanasia in Greece, Hippocrates' birthplace." European Journal of Health Law 8, no. 2 (2001): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718090120523475.

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AbstractEuthanasia is a controversial issue that has attracted heated debate over the last two decades. Cultural, traditional and religious considerations contribute in the forming of individual and social attitudes. Active, voluntary euthanasia is not legally accepted except in Netherlands and Australia. However even in these countries several ethical and legal issues have emerged from the application of euthanasia. In fact medical physicians stand in the frontline of the debate as they are those who should decide to act or not to act when euthanasia is requested by a patient. In Greece the vast majority of people are against euthanasia as a result of tradition and religion The influence of the Hippocratic philosophy and the humanistic teaching of the Christian Orthodox Church have made that doctors and people look at the issue of euthanasia with aversion. In addition, the law considers any such action as homicide and therefore as punishable.However, in Greece as in any democratic country, individual variations exist and the issue attracts increasing debate. This article aims to discuss the legal ramifications of euthanasia within the context of the Greek legal order and to present the religious and ethical considerations that influence the social attitude concerning to euthanasia in Greece.

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23

Kimsma, Gerrit K., and B. J. van Duin. "Teaching Euthanasia: The Integration of the Practice of Euthanasia Into the Grief, Death, and Dying Curricula of Postgraduate Family Medicine Training." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 5, no. 1 (1996): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100006770.

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The open practice of euthanasia in The Netherlands stood alone in the world until the government of the Northern Territories in Australia accepted the possibility of physician-assisted suicide. Even though the active ending of lives in The Netherlands is still a crime by law, the current practice allows it and acquits physicians if certain conditions have been met. Of the many facets of euthanasia, the teaching of this practice represents a further logical step. In this contribution, we intend to describe the comprehensive teaching program of euthanasia of the Free University of Amsterdam's Postgraduate Family Medicine Program. Here students receive university-based training for 1 day a week in a cohort of 12 and on the job training for 4 days with individual family physicians for 2 consecutive years. We especially intend to portray the integration of euthanasia into the wider teaching of the process of counseling and aid of the dying.

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24

Price, David. "Euthanasia, pain relief and double effect." Legal Studies 17, no. 2 (July 1997): 323–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.1997.tb00410.x.

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The law's overseeing of administrations of pain-relieving treatment with inevitable life-shortening consequences is of crucial significance in view of the dogmatic approach of English criminal law to active euthanasia. As Lanham states in respect of society's treatment of terminal physical pain:‘If the euthanasia option is not available, some other method will have to be found. In Britain and Australia that method involves palliative care and the hospice movement. By contrast, in the Netherlands active euthanasia is available and palliative care is poorly developed.’The recent prosecution in R v Cox made it abundantly clear that causing death in order to relieve a patient of further pain and suffering amounts to murder under current law. By contrast, knowingly shortening life through the administration of pain-killing drugs was recently declared to be lawful by Lord Goff in the House of Lords in Airedale NHS Hospital Trust v Bland.

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25

Warren, Dr Kristin. "Reptile Euthanasia — No Easy Solution?" Pacific Conservation Biology 20, no. 1 (2014): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc140025.

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Reptiles are commonly studied in biological research projects, and wildlife researchers may be required to euthanize a reptile if it sustains a severe injury associated with the research. When conducting euthanasia of any animal it is critical to confirm death. Whilst in mammals and birds euthanasia and confirmation of death can easily be accomplished, in reptiles these are not straight forward processes due to reptilian poikilothermic biology and physiology. Many traditional methods of reptile euthanasia are controversial, and recommended methods of acceptable euthanasia vary amongst the different reptilian orders. Physical methods of euthanasia involving hypothermia or decapitation alone are considered inhumane and are not acceptable methods of euthanasia. Injectable pentobarbitone sodium is considered an acceptable method of euthanasia for all reptiles, except large crocodiles and other large reptile species where carcass removal in the wild may be problematic. However, in Australia pentobarbitone sodium is a Scheduled 4 drug with requirements for locked storage, and users other than registered veterinarians must apply for authorization to administer scheduled drugs. Stunning followed by destruction of the brain is considered acceptable with reservations in some small species of snakes and lizards, where these methods can be effectively accomplished. MS222 has been used in several species of reptiles, however further research is required to determine whether this technique is effective and humane across the diverse range of reptilian species. Humane euthanasia in reptiles is not easily achieved and, whilst recognizing limitations in accessing veterinary anaesthetic and euthanasia drugs, it can best be assured by using a two-stage euthanasia process — whereby the reptile is initially anaesthetized, and then euthanized by administration of pentobarbitone sodium or alternatively a combination of decapitation and brain destruction following anaesthesia.

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26

Murphy, Briony J. "Voluntary euthanasia laws in Australia: are we really better off dead?" Medical Journal of Australia 205, no. 6 (September 2016): 254–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja16.00488.

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27

Anaf, Julia M. "Voluntary euthanasia laws in Australia: are we really better off dead?" Medical Journal of Australia 206, no. 8 (May 2017): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja16.01146.

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28

Murphy, Briony J. "Voluntary euthanasia laws in Australia: are we really better off dead?" Medical Journal of Australia 206, no. 8 (May 2017): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja16.01203.

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29

Mullooly, John P. "The State of Euthanasia — Great Britain, Australia and the United States." Linacre Quarterly 56, no. 3 (August 1989): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00243639.1989.11878021.

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30

Crawford, Calver, and Fleming. "A Case of Letting the Cat out of The Bag—Why Trap-Neuter-Return Is Not an Ethical Solution for Stray Cat (Felis catus) Management." Animals 9, no. 4 (April 16, 2019): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9040171.

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Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) programs, in which stray cats are captured, neutered and returned to the environment are advocated as a humane, ethical alternative to euthanasia. We review the TNR literature in light of current debate over whether or not there should be further TNR trials in Australia. We revisit the problems arising from stray cats living in association with human habitation and estimate how many stray cats would have to be processed through a scientifically-guided TNR program to avoid high euthanasia rates. We also identify 10 ethical and welfare challenges that have to be addressed: we consider the quality of life for stray cats, where they would live, whether the TNR process itself is stressful, whether TNR cats are vulnerable to injury, parasites and disease, can be medically treated, stray cats’ body condition and diet, and their impacts on people, pet cats, and urban wildlife, especially endemic fauna. We conclude that TNR is unsuitable for Australia in almost all situations because it is unlikely to resolve problems caused by stray cats or meet ethical and welfare challenges. Targeted adoption, early-age desexing, community education initiatives and responsible pet ownership have greater promise to minimize euthanasia, reduce numbers rapidly, and address the identified issues.

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31

Leenaars, Antoon, John Connolly, Chris Cantor, Marlene EchoHawk, Zhao Xiong He, Natalia Kokorina, David Lester, et al. "Suicide, assisted suicide and euthanasia: International perspectives." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 18, no. 1 (March 2001): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700006224.

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AbstractSuicide, assisted suicide and euthanasia are elusive and controversial issues worldwide. To discuss such issues from only one perspective may be limiting. Therefore, this paper was written by authors from various regions, each of whom has been asked to reflect on the issues. The countries/cultures are: Australia, China, Cuba, Ireland, India, Japan, Russia, South Africa, The Netherlands, North America (Turtle Island) and United States. Historically and today, suicide is viewed differently. Assisted suicide and euthanasia are equally seen from multifarious perspectives. Highlighting development in the Netherlands, Australia's Northern Territory and Japan (ie. the famous Yamanouchi Case), the review shows growing re-examination of the right to die. There appear, however, to be no uniform legal and ethical positions. Further debate and discussion globally is needed to avoid myopic perspectives.

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32

Ryan, Christopher James. "Euthanasia in Australia — The Northern Territory Rights of the Terminally Ill Act." New England Journal of Medicine 334, no. 5 (February 1996): 326–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm199602013340512.

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33

Inglis, K. S. "THE PRESS IN AUSTRALIA." Australian Journal of Politics & History 10, no. 2 (April 7, 2008): 248–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8497.1964.tb00759.x.

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34

Kelleher, Michael, David Clark, Bob Goldney, Ad Kerkhof, Jerzy Wasserman, and Hans Wedler. "IASP Task Force on Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide." Crisis 16, no. 3 (May 1995): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.16.3.111.

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The first meeting of the IASP Task Force on Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide took place in Venice on June 7, 1995. Several interested observers were present. It was decided that at the public IASP meeting the following day each speaker should address, briefly, the current legal situation and the pressure for change, as well as give a personal statement. David Clark spoke for North America, Bob Goldney for Australia, Michael Kelleher for Britain and Ireland, Jerzy Wasserman for Scandinavia, and Hans Wedler for the German-speaking world. Their views are published in this article. Ad Kerkhof requested that the Dutch television film “Death on Request” be discussed. The committee was of the opinion that clear definitions were essential. In their view, these should take into account the differences between active and passive euthanasia, as well as between professionally assisted and lay-assisted suicide.

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35

Littleton, Judith, and Shirley Wallace. "Ambiguity in the Bioarchaeological Record: The Case of “Euthanasia” at Roonka, South Australia." Bioarchaeology International 3, no. 1 (August 2019): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/bi.2019.1003.

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36

Han, Sam. ""He died as he lived": Biopolitical mediatization in the death of David Goodall." Religions 10, no. 10 (October 2, 2019): 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel10100566.

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This article explores the nexus of biopolitics, mediatization and secularization, drawing out their relationship as it pertains to matters of assisted dying and euthanasia. In particular, it examines the dynamics of the media coverage of a highly-publicized case of euthanasia, namely, that of scientist David Goodall, based in Perth, Australia, who flew to Switzerland in May 2018 to end his own life at the age of 104. Focusing on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation’s coverage, the article keys in on the theme of embodiment, discussing it within recent developments in social theory on the “secular body” and pain, suggesting that the mediatization of his death facilitated and structured an “environment” for staging and negotiating issues of biopolitical import. It then contextualizes this analysis within broader discussions on biopolitics and secularity.

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37

Putnis, Peter. "Australia in the British Press." Media Information Australia 35, no. 1 (February 1985): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x8503500106.

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38

Kelman, Mark, Vanessa R. Barrs, Jacqueline M. Norris, and Michael P. Ward. "Socioeconomic, geographic and climatic risk factors for canine parvovirus infection and euthanasia in Australia." Preventive Veterinary Medicine 174 (January 2020): 104816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.104816.

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39

Kerridge, I. H., and K. R. Mitchell. "The legislation of active voluntary euthanasia in Australia: will the slippery slope prove fatal?" Journal of Medical Ethics 22, no. 5 (October 1, 1996): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.22.5.273.

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40

YUILL, KEVIN. "Suicide versus Euthanasia in the American Press in the 1890s and 1900s: “A Man Should be Permitted to Go Out of This World Whenever He Sees Fit”." Journal of Policy History 34, no. 2 (April 2022): 213–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s089803062200001x.

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AbstractToleration of suicide and the campaign to legalize euthanasia, this article shows, are historically separate developments. From the early 1880s to the 1900s the American press featured moral discussions of suicide alongside gloomy roll calls and expressions of anxiety about an alleged increase in suicide. Focusing on an extensive discussion in the San Francisco Call in 1896, the article shows that Robert G. Ingersoll’s liberal individualist toleration of suicide clearly resonated with many Americans at the time. I trace the rise of suicide from private tragedy to public issue in the United States. Perhaps surprisingly, there was no crossover with euthanasia and no call whatever for assistance with suicide, despite the frequent employment of the plight of the terminally ill in the discussion. Finally, the article shows that those who called for euthanasia thought of it as a human utility and not a right.

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White, Katherine M., Susi E. Wise, Ross McD Young, and Melissa K. Hyde. "Exploring the Beliefs Underlying Attitudes to Active Voluntary Euthanasia in a Sample of Australian Medical Practitioners and Nurses: A Qualitative Analysis." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 58, no. 1 (February 2009): 19–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.58.1.b.

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A qualitative study explored beliefs about active voluntary euthanasia (AVE) in a sample ( N = 18) of medical practitioners and nurses from Australia, where AVE is not currently legal. Four behaviors relating to AVE emerged during the interviews: requesting euthanasia for oneself, legalizing AVE, administering AVE to patients if it were legalized, and discussing AVE with patients if they request it. Using thematic analysis, interviews were analyzed for beliefs related to advantages and disadvantages of performing these AVE behaviors. Medical practitioners and nurses identified a number of similar benefits for performing the AVE-related behaviors, both for themselves personally and as health professionals. Benefits also included a consideration of the positive impact for patients, their families, and the health care system. Disadvantages across behaviors focused on the potential conflict between those parties involved in the decision making process, as well as conflict between one's own personal and professional values.

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Chesterman, Simon. "Last Rights: Euthanasia, the Sanctity of Life, and the Law in the Netherlands and the Northern Territory of Australia." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 47, no. 2 (April 1998): 362–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589300061893.

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[It] is not lawful for a doctor to administer a drug to his patient to bring about his death, even though that course is prompted by a humanitarian desire to end his suffering, however great that suffering may be … So to act is to cross the Rubicon which runs between on the one hand the care of the living patient and on the other hand euthanasia—actively causing his death to avoid suffering.

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Nagaya, Yoshiyuki. "Media Portrayal of the Current State of Euthanasia in Australia and A New Potential Policy." Nursing & Primary Care 2, no. 4 (August 30, 2018): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.33425/2639-9474.1074.

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Stevens, C. A., and R. Hassan. "Management of death, dying and euthanasia: attitudes and practices of medical practitioners in South Australia." Journal of Medical Ethics 20, no. 1 (March 1, 1994): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.20.1.41.

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Kay, Winston, and Peter Mawson. "An Efficient Method for the Euthanasia of Cane Toads (Rhinella marina) under Northern Australian Field Conditions." Animals 11, no. 8 (July 29, 2021): 2239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11082239.

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The euthanasia of cane toads under field conditions presents a number of logistical and animal welfare challenges. One recommended method of control involves the use of carbon dioxide in plastic bags. This paper describes the minimum amount of time (4 h) required to efficiently euthanase toads with a carbon dioxide concentration of 4.96% under field conditions experienced in northern Australia. Discussion is also provided on the issues of safe disposal of biological and plastic waste associated with the application of this method.

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Garcia-Fernández, Diego, Samuel Fernández-Salinero, Gabriele Giorgi, Gabriela Topa, and Ana María Marcos Del Cano. "The Impact of Suicide Utility Perception on News over Terminally Ill Patients’ Suicide Attitudes: A Pilot Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (August 20, 2021): 8784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168784.

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Suicide represents a very important issue in public health. For approaching attitudes toward suicide, we have developed an instrument that, following previous recommendations, assesses specific thoughts related to the perception of suicide utility in the press. First of all, we will test the psychometric properties of the scale we created ad hoc for assessing suicide utility perception. After that, we expect to find that the suicide utility perception in the press will have a statistically significant impact on positive attitudes toward terminally ill patients’ suicide (Hypothesis 1). In addition, this relationship will be mediated by suicide legitimation (Hypothesis 2). This mediation will be moderated by depressive symptomatology (Hypothesis 3). The sample was composed of 66 Spanish participants. Suicide legitimation was significantly related to the positive evaluation of terminally ill people’s euthanasia. Finally, when the levels of depression’s psychological concomitants increased, the support for terminally ill people’s euthanasia increased as well. Implications and limitations have been discussed.

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Read, John L., Chris R. Dickman, Wayne S. J. Boardman, and Christopher A. Lepczyk. "Reply to Wolf et al.: Why Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) Is Not an Ethical Solution for Stray Cat Management." Animals 10, no. 9 (August 28, 2020): 1525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10091525.

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We critique the recent article by Wolf et al. (2019) that claims scientific merit for reducing the number of stray cats in Australia through Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) programs, and then we provide an inventory of biological, welfare, and economic reasons why TNR is less successful than adoption and euthanasia for managing unowned cats. Like Crawford et al. (2019) and multiple other comprehensive and unbiased Australian and international scientific reviews, we refute the idea that returning neutered unowned cats to stray populations has any valid role in responsible, ethical, affordable, and effective cat management, or in wildlife conservation. The main purported objective of TNR proponents along with animal welfare, human health, and wildlife advocacy stakeholders is to reduce the number of unhomed cats. We contend that cessation of provisioning unowned cats with food is the most effective approach to achieve this objective. We also present evidence from the Brisbane City Council that informed cat management policy, advocacy, and laws, backed up by responsible rehoming or prompt ethical euthanasia, are together effective at reducing the stray cat problem.

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Rand, Jacquie, Emily Lancaster, Georgina Inwood, Carolyn Cluderay, and Linda Marston. "Strategies to Reduce the Euthanasia of Impounded Dogs and Cats Used by Councils in Victoria, Australia." Animals 8, no. 7 (June 21, 2018): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani8070100.

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Piccini, Jon. "Dissent: The Student Press in 1960s Australia." Australian Journal of Politics & History 65, no. 1 (March 2019): 144–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajph.12547.

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Waling, Andrea, Anthony Lyons, Beatrice Alba, Victor Minichiello, Catherine Barrett, Mark Hughes, Karen Fredriksen-Goldsen, and Samantha Edmonds. "Trans Women’s Perceptions of Residential Aged Care in Australia." British Journal of Social Work 50, no. 5 (October 24, 2019): 1304–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcz122.

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Abstract Many older people in trans communities in Australia and elsewhere have experienced long histories of violence and discrimination in the health and social care sectors, making some of them fearful of interacting with contemporary health and social care providers. This study explored older trans women’s perceptions of these services. It involved a qualitative, thematic analysis of semi-structured, one-on-one audio-recorded interviews with ten trans women aged sixty years and older in Australia. Participants expressed a number of concerns about using residential facilities for older people in Australia, including potential for abuse and discrimination as a result of being trans, and not having access to appropriate treatments. Participants indicated a range of alternatives in using services, such as renovating the home, relocating to areas with greater access to trans-inclusive services and potential euthanasia. Participants perceived that service providers were not adequately trained for trans and gender diverse needs, and highlighted a number of ways aged care services could better support the trans and gender diverse community. The findings provide important information to assist health and social care professionals, including social workers, as well as residential care service providers, in supporting the health and well-being of older trans women.

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