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Academic literature on the topic 'EUROTRANS'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "EUROTRANS"

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Olry, G., J. L. Biarrotte, S. Blivet, S. Bousson, C. Joly, T. Junquera, J. Lesrel, et al. "Development of spoke cavities for the EURISOL and EUROTRANS projects." Physica C: Superconductivity 441, no. 1-2 (July 2006): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2006.03.116.

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Delage, F., R. Belin, X.-N. Chen, E. D’Agata, F. Klaassen, S. Knol, W. Maschek, et al. "ADS Fuel Developments in Europe: Results from the EUROTRANS Integrated Project." Energy Procedia 7 (2011): 303–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.06.039.

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Souli, M., M. Fouaidy, and N. Hammoudi. "Experimental test of a supercritical helium heat exchanger dedicated to EUROTRANS 150kW CW power coupler." Cryogenics 50, no. 5 (May 2010): 295–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cryogenics.2010.01.006.

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Bandini, Giacomino, Paride Meloni, Massimiliano Polidori, Maddalena Casamirra, Francesco Castiglia, and Mariarosa Giardina. "Decay Heat Removal and Transient Analysis in Accidental Conditions in the EFIT Reactor." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2008 (2008): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/681847.

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The development of a conceptual design of an industrial-scale transmutation facility (EFIT) of several 100 MW thermal power based on accelerator-driven system (ADS) is addressed in the frame of the European EUROTRANS Integral Project. In normal operation, the core power of EFIT reactor is removed through steam generators by four secondary loops fed by water. A safety-related decay heat removal (DHR) system provided with four independent inherently safe loops is installed in the primary vessel to remove the decay heat by natural convection circulation under accidental conditions which are caused by a loss-of-heat sink (LOHS). In order to confirm the adequacy of the adopted solution for decay heat removal in accidental conditions, some multi-D analyses have been carried out with the SIMMER-III code. The results of the SIMMER-III code have been then used to support the RELAP5 1D representation of the natural circulation flow paths in the reactor vessel. Finally, the thermal-hydraulic RELAP5 code has been employed for the analysis of LOHS accidental scenarios.
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Yanti, Febri, and Ariya Purnamasari Dewi. "UPAYA MENINGKATKAN LAYANAN JASA DAN MENURUNKAN CUSTOMER COMPLAIN MENGGUNAKAN METODE FUZZY- SERVQUAL DI PT. EUROTRANS CHARTER INDONESIA." SPEKTRUM INDUSTRI 15, no. 2 (October 11, 2017): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/si.v15i2.7556.

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Steel, Ronald. "Eurotrash." Commentaire Numéro 83, no. 3 (June 1, 1998): 810–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/comm.083.0810.

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Gräf, Lorenz. "Hyperlinked Eurotrends." IASSIST Quarterly 21, no. 2 (October 31, 1997): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/iq717.

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Williamson, Jason. "Eurotrash by Christian Kracht." World Literature Today 96, no. 3 (May 2022): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wlt.2022.0142.

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Dougal, Jim. "Living with Press Eurotrash." British Journalism Review 14, no. 2 (June 2003): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09564748030142006.

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PERSCHKE, SERGEI. "Eurotra: General overview." Multilingua - Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication 5, no. 3 (1986): 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mult.1986.5.3.134.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "EUROTRANS"

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Haller, Johann. "L'Application de théories linguistiques dans la mise au point d'un système de traduction automatique : (avec référence particulière au projet Eurotra)." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100131.

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Les publications présentées couvrent un champ relativement vaste de la linguistique appliquée, depuis la didactique des langues étrangères et l'allemand enseigné en tant que langue étrangère jusqu'à la traduction automatique, en passant par des questions de syntaxe d'ordre général concernant la linguistique computationnelle dans son ensemble et les problèmes concernant les systèmes d'information (indexation automatique). Le travail le plus complexe est intitulé "Algorythme pour la réduction des homographes syntaxiques dans un système d'information". Dans ce travail, il y a une minutieuse réévaluation des systèmes existants et une élaboration d'une toute nouvelle approche concernant les problèmes fondamentaux. Dans une série d'articles rédigés en Portugais brésilien, il est question de l'analyse automatique de textes portugais. Cette œuvre contient plusieurs aspects : une formalisation détaillée de la morphologie et de la syntaxe, les problèmes d'application concernant l'indexation automatique, les systèmes d'information pour le parlement et la traduction automatique. Depuis 1985, la traduction automatique occupe une place prépondérante. Certains problèmes spéciaux ont été analysés avec des exemples concrets et finalement des systèmes concrets ont été mis à l'épreuve. Cela a abouti à des conclusions qui vont fortement influencer le développement ultérieur de la partie "software" en EUROTRA
The present publications cover a relatively vast area of applied linguistics from teaching foreign languages and german as a foreign language to machine translation ; they deal with questions of syntax for computational linguistics, problems in automatic indexation etc. The most complex work is "an algorithm for reduction of homographs in an information system", in which existing systems are re-evaluated and a new approach for solving the fundamental problems inherent in this task is developped. It does not only include a treatment of a variety of issues but also a formalization of rules. A series of articles in Brazilian Portuguese written during a teaching assignment in Brazil, deal with the question of automatic text analysis of portuguese. These articles contain various aspects : a detailed formalization of morphology and syntax, application problems in automatic indexation, information systems for parliament and machine translation. Since 1985 emphasis has been on machine translation. This includes strategic considerations for determining the kind of skills needed in the development of such a system ; also, certain specific problems have been analyzed and the systems have been tested. This, in tur, has led to conclusions concerning the software part of the system
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Clément, Bruno. "Dispositif automatique de dosage des composés organiques volatils (COV) biogéniques. Application à l'étude des terpènes atmosphèriques au cours de la campagne BIATEX/EUROTRAC." Toulouse, INPT, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPT010G.

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Connaitre les concentrations et ensuite les flux des principaux hydrocarbures biogeniques (par leur reactivite) que sont l'isoprene et les monoterpenes est indispensable pour une meilleure comprehension de la physico-chimie de l'atmosphere. De telles mesures necessitent la connaissance d'un grand nombre de points experimentaux. Le but de ce travail est de concevoir, de realiser et d'experimenter un systeme entierement automatise de prelevement et d'analyse de ces composes biogeniques. Apres des essais fructueux en laboratoire, il a ete teste sur le terrain lors d'une campagne europeenne (biatex/eurotrac) de mesures des principales entites reactionnelles de l'atmosphere d'une foret de pins (picea abies) en baviere (rfa). Les premiers resultats montrent une bonne correlation avec ceux obtenus par d'autres equipes et leurs confrontations avec d'autres composes parait demontrer certaines voies reactionnelles determinees en laboratoire
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Oliveira, Joana Pereira. "Curricular training report: clinical studies coordination in a clinical research organization vs an investigational site perspective." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/15780.

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Mestrado em Biomedicina Farmacêutica
This report describes my experience of nine months as a trainee of a CRO (Eurotrials, Scientific Consultants), as well as a trainee of a clinical research site (Clinical Academic Center – Braga, Association). This document describes the European framework about clinical research and the Portuguese situation compared to similar countries. The activities developed during this internship are also described. These activities are divided in two phases. The first one occurred in Eurotrials, Scientific Consultants, a CRO specialized in clinical research and scientific advice. The first weeks were dedicated to intensive self-training needed to perform CTA tasks. These tasks included qualification, initiation and monitoring activities related to clinical trials, as well as the development of a quality management system. The second phase took place on 2CA-Braga, a clinical research center located in Hospital of Braga. Clinical studies coordination was the main focus of this second phase of my internship, as well as negotiation of clinical studies agreements. I had also the opportunity to participate in “1as Jornadas de Investigação Clínica e Inovação” (1st Clinical Investigation and Innovation Conference) organized by 2CA-Braga. Globally, this internship was a great opportunity to get knowledge and experience in the implementation and management of clinical trials, in a CRO and clinical research site perspectives. These two perspectives provided an interesting overview about the scientific needs of different players involved in clinical research. To conclude, this internship strengthened the knowledge acquired from my academic background, which make me able to face and overcome new challenges in the clinical research area.
Este relatório descreve a minha experiência de nove meses enquanto estagiária numa CRO (Eurotrials, Consultores Científicos) e num centro de investigação clínica (Centro Clínico Académico – Braga, Associação). Este documento começa por analisar o enquadramento europeu da investigação clínica e, posteriormente, a situação portuguesa comparativamente a países similares. De seguida, são descritas as atividades desenvolvidas no âmbito deste estágio, as quais foram divididas em duas fases. A primeira fase desenrolou-se na Eurotrials, Consultores Científicos, uma CRO especializada em investigação clínica e consultoria científica. As primeiras semanas foram dedicadas ao treino e à formação necessários para o desempenho de tarefas como assistente de estudos clínicos. Estas tarefas incluíram a participação em várias atividades de qualificação, iniciação e monitorização de estudos clínicos, assim como o desenvolvimento e aperfeiçoamento de um sistema de gestão de qualidade. A segunda vertente decorreu no 2CA-Braga, um centro de investigação clínica localizado no Hospital de Braga. Nesta fase, o estágio focou-se essencialmente na coordenação de estudos clínicos, assim como, em atividades relacionadas com o processo de revisão/negociação de contratos financeiros. Para além disso, tive a oportunidade de participar nas “1as Jornadas de Investigação Clínica e Inovação” organizadas pelo 2CA-Braga. Globalmente, o estágio traduziu-se numa excelente oportunidade para ganhar conhecimentos e experiência nas tarefas associadas a projetos e serviços no âmbito da implementação e gestão de estudos clínicos, na perspetiva de uma CRO e de um centro de investigação clínica. A integração destas duas perspetivas permitiu-me identificar e confluir necessidades específicas de diferentes players envolvidos na investigação clínica. Concluindo, este estágio permitiu-me aplicar e aperfeiçoar os conhecimentos adquiridos durante a minha formação académica tornando-me capaz de enfrentar e transpor novos desafios na área da investigação clínica.
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Aleluia, João Maria Teixeira Carneiro Fernandes. "Aplicação da metodologia RCM II aos sistemas de portas e freio do veículo EuroTram." Master's thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/129106.

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Aleluia, João Maria Teixeira Carneiro Fernandes. "Aplicação da metodologia RCM II aos sistemas de portas e freio do veículo EuroTram." Dissertação, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/129106.

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Books on the topic "EUROTRANS"

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Associates, Pannell Kerr Forster, ed. Eurotrends. London: Pannell Kerr Forster Associates, 1987.

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Associates, Pannell Kerr Forster, ed. Eurotrends. London: Pannell Kerr Forster Associates, 1988.

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Peter, Borrell, Borrell Patricia M, and EUROTRAC-2. (Project), eds. Transport and chemical transformation of pollutants in the troposphere: An overview of the work of EUROTRAC. Berlin: Springer, 2000.

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Peter, Borrell, Borrell Patricia M, and EUROTRAC, eds. Transport and chemical transformation of pollutants in the troposphere: An overiew of the work of EUROTRAC. Berlin: Springer, 2000.

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EUROTRA, ed. EUROTRA reference manaual: Final version 5.0. Luxemburg: EUROTRA, 1988.

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Peter, Borrell, ed. Photo-oxidants, acidification and tools: Policy applications of EUROTRAC results : the report of the EUROTRAC application project. Berlin: Springer, 1997.

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Ernest, Mathijs, and Mendik Xavier, eds. Alternative Europe: Eurotrash and exploitation cinema since 1945. London: Wallflower, 2004.

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Storm, Pedersen John, and Greve Bent, eds. The Internal market in EEC: A debate on Eurotrends. Roskilde, Denmark: Forlaget Samfundsøkonomi og Planlægning, Roskilde University, 1989.

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Borrell, Peter, Peter J. H. Builtjes, Peringe Grennfelt, and Øystein Hov, eds. Photo-oxidants, Acidification and Tools: Policy Applications of EUROTRAC Results. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59103-7.

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Associates, Pannell Kerr Forster. Eurotrends: Outlook in the hotel and tourism industries : a statistical report. London: Pannell Kerr Forster Associates, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "EUROTRANS"

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Fuzzi, Sandro, and Adolf Ebel. "Research on Clouds within Eurotrac." In Transport and Chemical Transformation of Pollutants in the Troposphere, 45–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59718-3_3.

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Borrell, Peter, Peter J. H. Builtjes, Peringe Grennfelt, and Øystein Hov. "Environmental Problems, Policies and EUROTRAC." In Photo-oxidants, Acidification and Tools: Policy Applications of EUROTRAC Results, 13–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59103-7_2.

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Borrell, Peter, Peter Builtjes, Peringe Grennfelt, Øystein Hov, Roel van Aalst, David Fowler, Gérard Mégie, et al. "Policy Applications of the EUROTRAC Results:The Application Project." In Transport and Chemical Transformation of Pollutants in the Troposphere, 145–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59718-3_7.

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Borrell, Peter, Peter Builtjes, Peringe Grennfelt, Øystein Hov, Roel van Aalst, David Fowler, Gérard Mégie, et al. "EUROTRAC: Applications to Photo-oxidants and the future project." In Atmospheric Ozone Dynamics, 1–7. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60797-4_1.

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Ueberfeldt, Johannes. "Zurück zur Oberfläche. Über die Erinnerungsarchäologie in Christian Krachts Eurotrash." In Edition Kulturwissenschaft, 195–206. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839462560-016.

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Janssen, Theo M. V. "A mathematical model for the CAT framework of Eurotra." In Informatik-Fachberichte, 104–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74282-8_6.

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Schmidt, Paul. "Zur Behandlung von Unbounded Dependencies Im Multilingualen Überset Zungssystem Eurotra." In Informatik-Fachberichte, 172–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74282-8_10.

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Warneck, P., P. Mirabel, G. A. Salmon, R. van Eldik, C. Vinckier, K. J. Wannowius, and C. Zetzsch. "Review of the Activities and Achievements of the EUROTRAC Subproject HALIPP." In Heterogeneous and Liquid Phase Processes, 7–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61445-3_2.

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Borrell, Peter, Peter J. H. Builtjes, Peringe Grennfelt, and Øystein Hov. "Executive Summary." In Photo-oxidants, Acidification and Tools: Policy Applications of EUROTRAC Results, 1–11. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59103-7_1.

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Borrell, Peter, Peter J. H. Builtjes, Peringe Grennfelt, and Øystein Hov. "Photo-oxidants." In Photo-oxidants, Acidification and Tools: Policy Applications of EUROTRAC Results, 39–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59103-7_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "EUROTRANS"

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Podlech, H., S. Barbanotti, A. Bechtold, J. L. Biarrotte, M. Busch, S. Bousson, F. Dziuba, et al. "The EUROTRANS Project." In VIII LATIN AMERICAN SYMPOSIUM ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND APPLICATIONS. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3480201.

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Chuan Zhang, Marco Busch, Horst Klein, Holger Podlech, and Ulrich Ratzinger. "Conceptual studies of the EUROTRANS front-end." In 2007 IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference (PAC). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pac.2007.4440396.

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Mueller, Alex C. "Accelerator Studies for an ADS within the European Project EUROTRANS." In NUCLEAR FISSION AND FISSION-PRODUCT SPECTROSCOPY: 3rd International Workshop on Nuclear Fission and Fission-Product Spectroscopy. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2137264.

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Leoncini, Barbara, Alessandro Alemberti, Luigi Mansani, and Alessandro Pini Prato. "Design of a Decay Heat Removal System for EFIT Plant." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75857.

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The Integrated Project EUROTRANS, funded by the European Commission as part of the 6th European framework program, provides the advanced design of a multi purpose research oriented Accelerator Driven System (ADS), called XT-ADS (eXperimenTal-ADS), and the preliminary design of an industrial scale ADS, called EFIT (European Facility for Industrial Transmutation) [1]. EFIT [2] [3] is fuelled with Minor Actinides (U-free fuel) and its main design options overcome the limits of previous ADS projects, particularly as concerns the economic aspects, maintaining meanwhile the high safety level, the high reliability and low investment risks. EFIT is endowed with three different systems to remove decay heat, this paper deals with the Decay Heat Removal System 2 (DHR2). DHR2 mainly consists of an isolation condenser (IC) connected to the secondary side of the Steam Generators (SGs). DHR2 is a passive safety system: system operation is based on condensation of the steam coming from the SG unit and gravity head injection of the condensate back to the SG inlet. The system has been designed to satisfy the following two requirements: • to evacuate the decay power maintaining acceptable values of the vessel and fuel temperature; • to avoid lead solidification also in the configuration of maximum efficiency.
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Coccoluto, G., P. Gaggini, V. Labanti, M. Tarantino, W. Ambrosini, N. Forgione, A. Napoli, and F. Oriolo. "Heavy Liquid Metal Natural Circulation in a One-Dimensional Loop." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75813.

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The ENEA Brasimone Research Centre since 1999 is strongly involved in the national and European research programmes performed in the field of heavy liquid metal technology aiming at the development of critical (LFR) and subcritical (ADS) nuclear systems. In particular, in the frame of the IP-EUROTRANS, (6th Framework Program EU), ENEA assumed the commitment to perform an integral experiment with the aim to reproduce the primary flow path of a HLM pool-type nuclear reactor, cooled by Lead Bismuth Eutectics (LBE). This new experimental activity, named ICE “Integral Circulation Experiment”, will be performed by an appropriate test section designed to be installed in the CIRCE facility. In order to support the ICE activity, as well as characterise the natural and gas enhanced circulation flow regimes in a HLM loop, qualify test procedures, components nuclear relevant, a new facility was designed and built up by Brasimone Research Centre, named NACIE “NAtural CIrculation Experiment”. The paper reports a detailed description of the loop and the main experimental results carried out from the natural circulation tests already performed on the NACIE loop. Numerical simulations have been performed in collaboration with the University of Pisa, adopting the RELAP5/Mod3.3 system code modified to allow for LBE as a cooling fluid. The aim of the performed post-test calculations is to compare the code response with the experimental results under the natural circulation flow regime, allowing to qualify the adopted nodalisation as well as the performance of the code when employed on HLM loop.
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Litfin, Karsten, Frank Fellmoser, Abdalla Batta, Andreas G. Class, and Thomas Wetzel. "Investigation of a Heavy Liquid Metal Free Surface Target Experiment." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-54460.

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Several distinct reactor strategies are proposed within the context of the IP Eurotrans framework programme for the transmutation of nuclear waste. A pool type reactor filled with liquid heavy metal and containing a subcritical core is one of the promising designs. Additional neutrons required for the nuclear reaction are generated by a spallation reaction inside the core. A high power proton beam is guided through a vacuum tube from an accelerator into the liquid heavy metal pool i.e. into the reactor core. At the point where the beam hits the metal surface special construction effort is indispensable to handle the high heat production. A specific target design is used to ensure a high fluid velocity and a stable surface at the beam entry. This design employs a concentric vertical feeder establishing a free conical surface with velocity up to 2.5 m/s ensuring stable surface flow and appropriate heat removal. The proposed target geometry has been constructed using underlying rules developed by the MYRRHA design group for the free surface target in the MYRRHA research reactor. A full scale model of this design using lead bismuth eutectic (LBE) has been set up and experimentally investigated at the of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). Measurements taken by high speed digital imaging visualize both conical inner and outer jet free surface. They show a stable surface in a wide range of operating conditions starting from 35% of the nominal flow rate and agree well with numerical investigations using commercial CFD code Star-CD and Star-CCM+. Previous concerns related to splashing or cavitation during the start-up or shut-down procedure proofed unjustified.
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Varile, Giovanni B., and Peter Lau. "Eurotra." In the second conference. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/974235.974264.

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Tarantino, Mariano, Alessandro Del Nevo, Nicola Forgione, and Giacomino Bandini. "Post Test Analysis of ICE Tests." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-54952.

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Since 1999 ENEA is developing the heavy liquid metal (HLM) technology aiming to support the design and implementation of a Lead cooled Fast Reactor (LFR) and an Accelerator Driven System (ADS), both in the frame of the Italian and European research programs. In these contexts several experiments have been performed, in different fields, going from coolant thermal-hydraulic, component development and structural material characterization. Recently, in the frame of the IP-EUROTRANS (6th Framework Program EU), domain DEMETRA, ENEA assumed the commitment to perform an integral experiment aiming to reproduce the primary flow path of a pool-type nuclear reactor, cooled by Lead Bismuth Eutectics (LBE). This experimental activity, named “Integral Circulation Experiment (ICE)”, has been implemented thanks a joint effort of several research institutes, mainly ENEA and University of Pisa, allowing to design an appropriate test section. This has been installed in the CIRCE facility, the largest worldwide experimental facility for the HLM technology investigation. The goal of the experiments was to demonstrate the technological feasibility of a heavy liquid metal (HLM) pooltype nuclear system in a relevant scale (1 MW), investigating the related thermal–hydraulic behavior under both steady state and transient conditions. This paper reports a description of the experiment, as well as the results carried out in the first experimental campaign run on the CIRCE pool, which consists of a full power steady state test, an un-protected loss of heat sink (ULOH) test, and an un-protected loss of flow (ULOF) test. The post-test analyses of the experiments is presented. The whole domain has been modeled by a suitable 1-D nodalization, and the results carried out have been studied performing numerical calculations by the REALP5 system code modified to take in account the LBE thermal-physical properties when employed as nuclear coolant. The obtained experimental results as well as the performed post-test analysis have demonstrated the thermal-hydraulic and technological feasibility of a pool-type nuclear system cooled by HLM.
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Bandini, Giacomino, Maddalena Casamirra, Francesco Castiglia, Mariarosa Giardina, Paride Meloni, and Massimiliano Polidori. "Analysis of Protected Accidental Transients in the EFIT Reactor With the RELAP5 Thermal-Hydraulic Code." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48720.

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The European Facility for Industrial Transmutation (EFIT) is aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of transmutation process through the Accelerator Driven System (ADS) route on an industrial scale. The conceptual design of this reactor of about 400 MW thermal power is under development in the frame of the European EUROTRANS Integrated Project of the EURATOM Sixth Framework Program (FP6). EFIT is a pool-type reactor cooled by forced circulation of lead in the primary system where the heat is removed by steam generators installed inside the reactor vessel. The reactor power is sustained by a spallation neutron source supplied by a proton beam impinging on a lead target at the core centre. A safety-related Decay Heat Removal (DHR) system provided with four independent inherently safe loops is installed in the primary vessel to remove the decay heat in case of loss of secondary circuits heat removal capability. A quite detailed model of the EFIT reactor has been developed for the RELAP5 thermal-hydraulic code to be used in preliminary accidental transient analyses aimed at verifying the validity of the adopted solutions for the current reactor design with respect to the safety requirements, and confirm the inherent safety behavior of the reactor, such as decay heat removal in accidental conditions relying on natural circulation in the primary system. The accident analyses for the EFIT reactor include both protected and unprotected transients, on whether the reactor automatic trip, consisting in proton beam switch off, is actuated or not by the protection system. In this paper, the main results of the analyses of some protected transients with RELAP5 are presented. The analyzed transients concern the Protected Loss of Heat Sink (PLOHS), in which the DHR system plays a key role in bringing the reactor in safe conditions, and the Protected Loss of Flow (PLOF) transients with partial or total loss of forced circulation in the primary system.
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10

Batta, A., and A. G. Class. "Comparative Analysis of Star-CCM, Star-CD, and CFX Codes for Free-Surface Flow Simulation of the Windowless XT-ADS Spallation Target Water Experiment." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75328.

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Abstract:
Accelerator driven systems for transmutation of nuclear waste require a coupling of an accelerator to a sub-critical reactor core by means of a spallation target. A windowless target is currently developed in the Integrated Project EUROTRANS of the European Community. In the target, HLM (heavy liquid metal) flows downwards through a concentric feeder surrounding the beam tube and forming a conical free surface which is subjected to a beam current. This results in a very high heat generation. The thermal-hydraulics of the target must ensure that the heat deposited into the HLM can be safely removed. Simulations using a volume of fluid method accounting for mass transfer across the free surface can predict the shape of the conical surface, flow detachment, and transient behavior. In the codes used in this study the mass transfer is accomplished via cavitation models, so that evaporation/condensation occurs at a prescribed vapor pressure. Previous simulations have lead to the design rules for the target. In particular, the velocity in feeder nozzle is limited to 2.5 m/s. Forced detachment by enlarging the guide tube stabilizes the free surface. Cavitation in the feeder nozzle is suppressed by fins which induce the required pressure loss. Recirculation flow in the thermally highly loaded zones is minimized by a small injection angle at the feeder nozzle outflow. The simulation results lead to the design of a water experiment, which precedes the test of a HLM target. In the paper the proposed target geometry of the water experiment is presented. Code-to-code comparisons show qualitative agreement between 3 different CFD codes. The considered codes, Star-CD, Star-CCM, and CFX, yield a stable free surface configuration with small recirculation, necessary for safe heat removal. However, differences are observable with respect to the sharpness of the free surface representation and also the behavior near the axis. Also strong differences in the required computational time exist between different codes. Various structured computational meshes are studied. In some simulations a fine mesh is employed within the feeder only and a substantially coarser grid is used in the free surface region and yet yields results comparable to an all-over fine-mesh simulation.
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