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Academic literature on the topic 'Europeans Attitudes'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Europeans Attitudes"

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Nosova (Velkova), (Velkova) K. "Profiles of Multiple Social Identification and Attitude to Representatives of Other Nations in Russians and Bulgarians: A Cross-Cultural Analysis." Cultural-Historical Psychology 17, no. 4 (2021): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2021170411.

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The paper explores latent profiles of social identification and attitudes to representatives of other nations in the cultural contexts of Russia and Bulgaria through the lens of personality-oriented approach. The research methodology included modified versions of social identity scales from the MIRIPS questionnaire and Verkuyten’s scale of religious identity. The online social psychological survey involved 234 Russians (66% females, 60% aged 30—49 years) and 278 Bulgarians (76% females, 45% aged 18-29). As a result, four latent profiles were identified in Russia (Internationalists, Individualists, Europeans, Nationalists) and three — in Bulgaria (Individualists, Europeans, Nationalists). Nevertheless, the content of the profiles as well as the features of the respondents constituting the profiles were similar. Nationalists displayed strong multiple identification and negative attitudes towards representatives of other nations; Individualists expressed weak multiple identification and negative attitudes towards representatives of other nations; Europeans demonstrated very strong European identification and positive attitudes towards representatives of other nations. The Internationalist profile was found only among the Russians and featured weak multiple identification and positive attitudes towards representatives of other nations. The paper concludes that there are both intercultural similarities and differences in the characteristics of the respondents that constitute each latent profile of multiple social identification and attitude to representatives of other nations.
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Benedetta, Cotta, and Memoli Vincenzo. "Do environmental preferences in wealthy nations persist in times of crisis? The European environmental attitudes (2008-2017)." Italian Political Science Review/Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica 50, no. 1 (March 14, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ipo.2019.3.

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AbstractHow do economic recessions affect European citizens’ attitudes towards environmental policies? In this article we investigate the attitudes of European citizens towards environmental protection considering its importance both at individual and country levels and adopting a longitudinal view. In light of the existing research on the link between pro-environmental attitudes and economic affluence of societies, including Ronald Inglehart’s theory of post-materialism, we hypothesise that levels of economic well-being as well as trust in political institutions are important drivers of Europeans’ attitudes towards environmental protection. Taking into consideration some macroeconomic indicators and the environmental attitude of public opinion, our main results show that even in time of crises, citizens’ pro-environmental attitudes persist in terms of importance, both at country and individual levels.
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Allen, Mary J., and Beth M. Rienzi. "International Attitudes toward Americans." Psychological Reports 70, no. 2 (April 1992): 477–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.70.2.477.

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The lost-letter technique was used to analyze European and American attitudes toward an anonymous American citizen. Analysis of the return rates (55%, range 43 to 76%) for the 270 dropped letters suggested that Europeans and Americans have similar attitudes toward Americans, and these attitudes are not affected by nationality, city size, or recent political change.
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Stockemer, Daniel, Arne Niemann, Doris Unger, and Johanna Speyer. "The “Refugee Crisis,” Immigration Attitudes, and Euroscepticism." International Migration Review 54, no. 3 (October 23, 2019): 883–912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0197918319879926.

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Between 2015 and 2017, the European Union (EU) was confronted with a major crisis in its history, the so-called “European refugee crisis.” Since the multifaceted crisis has provoked many different responses, it is also likely to have influenced individuals’ assessments of immigrants and European integration. Using data from three waves of the European Social Survey (ESS) — the wave before the crisis in 2012, the wave at the beginning of the crisis in 2014, and the wave right after the (perceived) height of the crisis in 2016 — we test the degree to which the European refugee crisis increased Europeans’ anti-immigrant sentiment and Euroscepticism, as well as the influence of Europeans’ anti-immigrant attitudes on their level of Euroscepticism. As suggested by prior research, our results indicate that there is indeed a consistent and solid relationship between more critical attitudes toward immigrants and increased Euroscepticism. Surprisingly, however, we find that the crisis increased neither anti-immigrant sentiments nor critical attitudes toward the EU and did not reinforce the link between rejection of immigrants and rejection of the EU. These findings imply that even under a strong external shock, fundamental political attitudes remain constant.
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Teney, Céline, Onawa Promise Lacewell, and Pieter De Wilde. "Winners and losers of globalization in Europe: attitudes and ideologies." European Political Science Review 6, no. 4 (November 26, 2013): 575–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755773913000246.

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Globalization pressures result in a new ideological conflict among Europeans. We use detailed items from the Eurobarometer survey on issues of immigration and European integration that measure the ideological perspective underpinning positions toward the EU. This provides a fine-grained analysis of the ideologies underlying the poles of the new globalization-centered conflict line, which we define as cosmopolitan and communitarian. Our results show that, next to socio-demographic characteristics, subjective measurements have a considerable additional power in explaining the divide among Europeans along the communitarian–cosmopolitan dimension. Subjective deprivation, evaluation of globalization as a threat, and (sub)national and supranational identities play an important role in dividing Europeans into groups of winners and losers of globalization in both Western and Central and Eastern European countries. At the country level, the national degree of globalization is associated positively with the communitarian pole and negatively with the cosmopolitan pole in all EU countries.
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Bandelj, Nina, and Christopher W. Gibson. "Contextualizing Anti-Immigrant Attitudes of East Europeans." Review of European Studies 12, no. 3 (August 4, 2020): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/res.v12n3p32.

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This paper article examines attitudes toward immigrants by analyzing data from the 2010 and 2016 waves of the EBRD’s Life in Transition Survey among respondents from 16 East European countries. Logistic regressions with clustered standard errors and country fixed effects show significantly higher anti-immigrant sentiments after the 2015 immigration pressures on the European Union borders compared with attitudes in 2010. Almost two thirds of the respondents agreed in 2016 that immigrants represented a burden on the state social services, even when the actual immigrant population in these countries was quite small. In addition, East Europeans expressed greater negative sentiments when the issue of immigration was framed as an economic problem—a burden on state social services—than as a cultural problem—having immigrants as neighbors. On the whole, these results point to the importance of contextualizing anti-immigrant attitudes and understanding the effect of external events and the framing of immigration-related survey questions.
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Malatinec, T. "Attitudes of Europeans Towards Green Products." Economy of Region 15, no. 1 (March 2019): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/2019-1-8.

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Neumann, Rico, and Patricia Moy. "You’re (Not) Welcome: The Impact of Symbolic Boundaries, Intergroup Contact, and Experiences With Discrimination on Immigration Attitudes." American Behavioral Scientist 62, no. 4 (February 23, 2018): 458–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764218760370.

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Against the backdrop of Europe’s migrant crisis, this study investigates attitudes toward immigrants and immigration policy. Specifically, how do Europeans’ attitudes stem from: (a) the symbolic boundaries they draw regarding immigrants (i.e., their perceptions of what constitutes an immigrant); (b) their contact with racially and ethnically different others; and (c) their own experiences with discrimination? Data from the 2014-2015 European Social Survey ( N = 37,623) show Europeans’ symbolic boundaries regarding immigrants varied by respondents’ sociodemographics, consumption of political news, and social trust. Most, but not all, forms of intergroup contact enhanced support for specific groups and broader immigration policy. Contrary to expectations, experience with discrimination did not shape attitudes toward specific immigrant groups. Our discussion focuses on theoretical implications, future research, and how findings can inform contemporary public discourse about the migrant crisis.
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Doherty, Noeleen, Michael Dickmann, and Timothy Mills. "Mobility attitudes and behaviours among young Europeans." Career Development International 15, no. 4 (August 17, 2010): 378–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13620431011066259.

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Ejaz, Waqas. "Analyzing Malaise and Mobilization: The Effects of Media on Political Support and European Identity in Old and New Member States." Politics in Central Europe 13, no. 2-3 (December 20, 2017): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pce-2017-0002.

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Abstract The recent financial crisis and the way it was handled by European Union (EU) received a great deal of media coverage, and since the media has a tendency to alter public opinion, it is safe to assume that it has affected some Europeans’ attitudes towards the EU. In order to test that assumption, a model was built around the theoretical framework of “media malaise,” and »political support«. It was found that the media certainly affected and shaped public opinion; however, study revealed that consuming media has not made people more cynical towards the EU. Based on secondary data analysis of Eurobarometer the study reveals positive relationship of media mobilization effect with European’s political attitudes and identity.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Europeans Attitudes"

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Muszynski, Richard J. "ETHNIC ATTITUDES TOWARD MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL ILLNESS (ASIANS, EUROPEANS, HISPANICS)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291700.

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The Ethnic Mental Illness (EMI) Scale, a questionnaire to discriminate European and Hispanic attitudes toward mental illness, was developed. Fifty-one college students of Hispanic ethnicity and 194 college students of European ethnicity completed a 150 item questionnaire measuring attitudes toward mental illness. A cross-validation sample of 50 Hispanic students and 194 European students ethnicity yielded 15 items that reliably differentiated the two groups. Based upon content, the 15 items were grouped into six categories: hopefulness, trust, biological aspects of mental illness, childhood origins, finances, and sex differences. Items which did not discriminate Hispanics and Europeans are described, as these items are possible indicators of common attitudes toward mental illness. A group of 66 Asian students also participated in the study. The items which differentiate Asians from Hispanics and Europeans are described. These items were not cross-validated.
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Dixon, Jeffrey C. "Where does Turkey belong? examining Europeans' attitudes and liberal-democratic values in Turkey, the European Union, and the Muslim world /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3229589.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Sociology, 2006.
"Title from dissertation home page (viewed July 5, 2007)." Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-08, Section: A, page: 3169. Adviser: Robert V. Robinson.
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Berg, Linda. "Multi-level Europeans : the influence of territorial attachments on political trust and welfare attitudes /." Göteborg : Department of Political Science, Göteborg University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/17144.

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Madeira, Inês Margarida Pereira. "Determinants of attitudes to risk in Europeans : an empirical analysis based on Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10782.

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Mestrado em Finanças
Esta tese investiga os determinantes da atitude face ao risco financeiro dos idosos europeus no contexto da Household Finance. Após a análise da literatura relevante, foram testados empiricamente os determinantes da atitude em relação ao risco com base nos dados do Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) 2006/2007 de 14 países (N=17.587 observações de indivíduos entre os 50 e os 86 anos). Várias especificações foram testadas usando a modelação Probit, em que a variável dicotómica dependente representa a atitude apercebida face ao risco financeiro assumindo valor 1 quando os indivíduos admitem não assumir nenhum risco financeiro nos seus investimentos e poupanças, e assumindo o valor 0 nos restantes casos. Os resultados obtidos mostram que ser mulher, ter mais filhos e sentir-se mais débil quanto à saúde aumentam a probabilidade de não assumir qualquer risco financeiro. Por outro lado, a probabilidade de atitude negativa face ao risco financeiro decresce com: o rendimento e a riqueza da família, as capacidades cognitivas, o nível de educação, a situação de empregado, a expectativa de deixar herança, o grau de confiança nos outros e a socialização. As diferenças encontradas entre países indiciam ainda preditores ligados a características institucionais (e.g. Sistema Nacional de Saúde, Segurança Social, políticas fiscais), cultura e história.
This dissertation investigates the determinants of attitude towards financial risk among older Europeans in the context of Household Finance. After reviewing the relevant literature, the determinants of attitude towards risk were tested empirically using micro data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) 2006/2007 of 14 countries (N = 17,587 observations of individuals between 50 and 86 years old). Several specifications were tested using Probit modeling, in which the dependent variable is a dichotomous variable representing the attitude about self-perceived financial risk (taking value 1 when individuals do not assume any financial risk in their investments and savings, and assuming the value 0 in all other cases). The results show that being female, having more children and feeling ill increase the probability of not assuming any financial risk. Moreover, the probability of a negative attitude towards financial risk decreases with: income and wealth, cognitive abilities, level of education, being an employee, the expectation of leaving an inheritance, degree of trust in others, and socialization. In addition, the differences found among countries suggest predictors that are linked to institutional characteristics of each country?s institutional framework (e.g. national health services, social security systems or tax policies), culture and history.
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Bauknecht, Jürgen Jens [Verfasser], and Oscar W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Gabriel. "Europeans´ attitudes towards levels and distributions of pensions and unemployment benefits : origins and effects on policies / Jürgen Jens Bauknecht. Betreuer: Oscar W. Gabriel." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1042941920/34.

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Castle, K. A. "An examination of the attitudes toward non-Europeans in British school history textbooks and childrens periodicals, 1890-1914 : With special reference to the Indian, the African and the Chinese." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372570.

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This s'tudy examinesthe imageof the Indian, the African, and the Chinese in British school history textbooks and childrens pericxiicals published between 1890 and 1914. This worlc both exemines the portrayal of the British in their historical and .corrtemporary relations with the three groups, and the selective information provided of the character and behaviour of the alien. These three groups were selected as representing areas of the world where the British had-particular interests in the pericxi, and illustrate the relationship between British attitudes and the particular historical experiences and contenporary concerns centred upon each of the three. The choice of textbooks and popular reading material reflected a desire to examinematerials read both for instruction and entertairnnent, and consider the relationship between the operation of the images in both. The s'tudy has deronstrated that both textbook historians and popular writers shared a concern that, Britain's youth should be secured in the prevailing attitudes toward race and nationality. The images which they presented of Britain's role in India, Africa and China, and of the nature of these countries' inhabitants, were mutually reinforcing. Entry for the foreigner into either set of materials dependeduponhis service in supporting and activating an appreciation of British national character and the maintenance of Empire. The sensi ti vity of the imageof the non-Europeanto Britain 's national concerns in this period was reflected in the era of the Boer War, whenthe textbooks and periodicals display a heightened patriotism which was reflected in the textbook's treatrrent of the Indian Mlltinyand periodical jingoism. Although the characterisation of each group differed in their particular contribution to the character formation of Britain's i.nperial sons and daughters, the study showshowclearly the historian and the popular juvenile press transrnitted images of the three which was dependent upon the controlling imperatives of Britain's national and imperial needs.
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Scheuer, Angelika. "How Europeans see Europe structure and dynamics of European legitimacy beliefs /." [Amsterdam] : Amsterdam : Vossiuspers UvA ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2005. http://dare.uva.nl/document/78908.

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Muldoon, Paul (Paul Alexander) 1966. "Under the eye of the master : the colonisation of aboriginality, 1770-1870." Monash University, Dept. of Politics, 1998. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8552.

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Renström, Charlotte. "The young French and the EU : A case study on attitudes toward the European Union in light of a potential Frexit." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-80171.

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In the wake of Brexit in 2016, the conception of Frexit was born and received an impetus in the French presidential election campaigns in 2017. The scepticism toward the European Union once again found expression as Eurosceptic political parties gained ground and supporters amongst French citizens. With attitudes toward the EU in France seemingly variable and impressionable of political currents, it is important to understand from where these originate as well as what a positive or negative attitude imply in practice. Therefore, this study aims to map out attitudes among young French citizens: A group with an overall positive attitude toward the EU as well as the generation in charge of the future European Union. The study is conducted in the form of a case study, with the framework of Functional Attitude Theory guiding the analysis. The main findings include an obvious lack of knowledge on the union among the interviewees, connected to a feeling of exclusion from the same. However, benefits and rights provided by the EU are considered grounds to stay within the union. Finally, the findings are discussed and ideas for further research are suggested.
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Mehta, Gillian Mary Towler. "European Zoroastrianism : attitudes to their purity laws." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539542.

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Books on the topic "Europeans Attitudes"

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Commission of the European Communities. Young Europeans in 1987. [Brussels]: Commission of the European Communities, 1988.

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Commission of the European Communities. Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs, and Education., ed. Young Europeans in 1987. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1989.

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A new land: European perceptions of Australia, 1788-1850. St. Leonards, NSW: Allen & Unwin, 1993.

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Bonnafé, Dominique. Europeans and development aid in 1987. Brussels: Commission of the European Communities, 1988.

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Genocide and the Europeans. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Murray, Kirsty. Topsy-turvy world: How Australian animals puzzled early explorers. Canberra: National Library of Australia, 2013.

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Beltz, Matthias. Die paar Tage noch. Zürich: Ammann, 1994.

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Hans-Joachim, König, Reinhard Wolfgang, and Wendt Reinhard, eds. Der europäische Beobachter aussereuropäischer Kulturen: Zur Problematik der Wirklichkeitswahrnehmung. Berlin: Duncker a Humblot, 1989.

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Barker, David. The European values study, 1981-1990: Summary report. [Aberdeen]: Gordon Cook Foundation on behalf of the European Values Group, 1992.

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Gonthier, Frédéric. Atlas des Européens: Valeurs communes et différences nationales. Paris: Colin, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Europeans Attitudes"

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Guerra, Simona. "Introduction: Europe and Europeans." In Central and Eastern European Attitudes in the Face of Union, 1–21. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137319487_1.

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Dulak, Michał. "Pro-Europeans and ‘Euro-Realists’: The Party-Voters Linkage and Parties’ Political Agendas in Poland, 2004–2019." In Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics, 157–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54674-8_7.

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Abstract Poland’s European policy and its struggles with EU institutions since 2015 may lead to the conviction that the country’s illiberal turn is accompanied by a process of de-Europeanisation which is fostered by the government to undermine the country’s presence in the EU. Drawing on the party-voters linkage concept, this chapter examines whether such assumptions can be confirmed. It covers societal attitudes and manifestos of the main ruling party and main opposition parties in Poland, PO and PiS, in the period from 2004 to 2019. The chapter shows that party manifestos do not show signs of radical de-Europeanisation (like, for example, calls for withdrawal from the EU) but a limited refocusing of EU issues. One exception was PiS’s open rejection to accept the Euro currency in the future. This mixed strategy is explained by differentiated positions among the party’s electorate over EU issues.
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Reeskens, Tim, and Wim van Oorschot. "What Welfare Principles Do Europeans Prefer? An Analysis of Their Attitudes Towards Old Age Pensions and Unemployment Benefits." In Equality, 295–319. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54310-5_9.

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Korte, Karl-Rudolf. "Attitudes towards European Integration." In Political Culture in Germany, 295–301. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22765-5_18.

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Bujard, Birgit. "Attitudes to European Integration." In The British Prime Minister in the Core Executive, 53–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89953-4_5.

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O’Rourke, Bernadette. "Language Attitudes." In Galician and Irish in the European Context, 5–33. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230294820_2.

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Lahusen, Christian. "A European compass." In The Political Attitudes of Divided European Citizens, 63–91. 1 Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge studies in political sociology: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003046653-4.

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Conner, Mark, and Paul Sparks. "Ambivalence and Attitudes." In European Review of Social Psychology, 37–70. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470013478.ch2.

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Philipov, Dimiter. "Family-related Gender Attitudes." In European Studies of Population, 153–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6611-5_8.

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Larsen, Christian Albrekt, Morten Frederiksen, and Mathias Herup Nielsen. "European Welfare Nationalism: A Democratic Forum Study in Five Countries." In Attitudes, Aspirations and Welfare, 63–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75783-4_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Europeans Attitudes"

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Nicolae, Cristina-Andreea, and Mihai Ioan Roşca. "Big Changes Start with Small Steps – Understanding Europeans’ Attitudes towards H&S diets." In 7th BASIQ International Conference on New Trends in Sustainable Business and Consumption. Editura ASE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/basiq/2021/07/015.

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Peshkopia, Ridvan, Liri Kosovare Bllaca, and Jonida Lika. "Individual Similarities and Regional Differences: The Impact of 2015 Refugee Crisis in Europeans’ Attitudes toward Immigration." In University for Business and Technology International Conference. Pristina, Kosovo: University for Business and Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.33107/ubt-ic.2018.392.

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Rughinis, Cosima, Andrei Neagoe, Razvan Rughinis, and Raisa Zamfirescu. "VISIONS OF ROBOTS, NETWORKS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: EUROPEANS' ATTITUDES TOWARDS DIGITISATION AND AUTOMATION IN DAILY LIFE." In eLSE 2018. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-18-086.

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While digital technologies pervade and transform professional and personal worlds, their impact remains strongly differentiated across various social worlds. Generational, professional and national boundaries have been deeply transformed yet reproduced through the impact of digital technologies. In this study we examine recent results concerning the attitudes of Europeans towards digital technologies, in particular robots, social networks and artificial intelligence, relying on the Eurobarometer 87.1 survey conducted in March 2017. Several general tendencies signal high levels of concern framed within ambivalent evaluations and variable levels of information: more than 70% of respondents agree in part or totally that “robots and artificial intelligence steal people’s jobs”, still more than 80% agree in part or totally that “robots are necessary as they can do jobs that are too hard or too dangerous for people”. About 44% of employed respondents feel that robots threaten their current job, while about half consider that their work could not be accomplished by a robot. A majority of respondents would be uncomfortable in a driverless car in traffic, but more than half would be comfortable being assisted by a robot at work, or receiving goods with drones or robots. Still, less than half of the total respondents have received information about artificial intelligence in the last year, raising the issue of preparedness for a major social transformation. Despite increasing social and economic costs of cyberattacks, only about a quarter of respondents who use the Internet declare that they are willing to pay more for better security and privacy features in their IT products. These overall tendencies mask powerful differences across nations and generations. We present a profile of various social groups and we also discuss a cluster classification of respondents according to their technology awareness and attitudinal profiles.
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Amores, Javier J., and Carlos Arcila. "Connotative framing of refugees and migrants in Western Europe and their effects on the attitudes of Europeans towards these groups." In TEEM'19: Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3362789.3362867.

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Nakad, Mantoura, and Klara Kövesi. "What about sustainability? Investigating engineering students’ sustainability awareness and attitude." In SEFI 50th Annual conference of The European Society for Engineering Education. Barcelona: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/conference-9788412322262.1185.

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Engineers have a growing contribution towards attaining the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Thus, graduate engineering students’ awareness and attitude will be crucial for dealing with these complex societal challenges. The purpose of this study is to investigate the sustainability awareness (SA) of engineering students from a developing country in comparison to that of those published from developed European countries. It also aims to explore engineering students’ attitudes and willingness to consider sustainability challenges as an important part of their future professional role. We have conducted a quantitative online survey (n=253) with the participation of engineering students from different majors at Bachelors and Masters levels. The data concerning students’ awareness and attitude underwent quantitative statistical analysis and was compared to that in the literature. The data was analyzed using SPSS to investigate differences and similarities between majors and validate its quality. The findings show good levels of SA and lower levels of knowledge in SDGs among engineering students compared to that presented by European studies. Thus, a gap in SDGs’ awareness exists between students from developed and developing countries. However, students’ positive attitudes and willingness to be involved in SDGs’ practices were remarkably high in understanding the leading role of engineers toward achieving the SDGs. Our results confirm engineering students’ motivation and strong positive attitude for resolving sustainability issues in developing countries despite challenging lifestyles. Our findings could be further used by engineering faculties in developing countries to minimize the gap and enhance future engineers’ contribution towards a more sustainable society.
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Gözkaman, Armağan. "The European Union’s Attitude towards Russia between Values and Interests." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01410.

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The study will focus on the European Union’s attitude towards Russia by taking into consideration a dilemma: The European Union (EU) wants to uphold its values and principles while endeavoring to maximize its interests. In the post-Cold War period, Moscow’s policy choices have often been problematic for the Europeans. In the period following the Ukrainian conflict, the analysis of the relations between the two “strategic partners” is more difficult than ever. At least three reasons underlie this difficulty. First, the EU is notoriously incapable of reaching a common position on how to deal with the Russian problem. Second, trade is an important factor for the relations between the EU and Russia where oil occupies a significant place. Third, Russia has also a signification position vis-à-vis the EU as a powerful actor of international relations.
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Chisalita, Oana, and Carmen Cretu. "WHAT DO PISA 2012 RESULTS TELL US ABOUT EUROPEAN STUDENTS' ICT ACCESS, ICT USE AND ICT ATTITUDES?" In eLSE 2014. Editura Universitatii Nationale de Aparare "Carol I", 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-14-064.

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This study focuses on identifying the European students' access, use and attitudes towards Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) as reflected by the data gathered in 21 European countries during the 2012 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). ICT access, use and attitudes are important factors that support the integration of the technology in education. Analyzing students' answers in the ICT Familiarity Questionnaire, this paper highlights that there continues to exist an important gap regarding the access at the technology. The lack of access affects students' ICT attitudes. Moreover, students from countries with a low level of ICT access in school tend to start developing ICT competences later than the students from ICT front-runners countries. The lack of competences influences the students' activities either as a stand-alone game player, or a team member during collaborative games. However, when analyzing the internet use at the school and outside the school, whether it is used in order to communicate via the email or the social networks, these differences tend to fade away. Thus, since more than 50% of all students, regardless of the country of origin, access daily the social networks. Regarding the ICT attitudes, PISA 2012 results indicate that European students see the computer as a very important tool which supports their school learning and transform their homework. Moreover, two out of three European students use the internet to gather information in order to do their homework. Despite the positive attitudes mentioned above, an increased level of negative attitudes was noticed among the students from those countries with low level of ICT access.
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Opsenica Kostic, Jelena, Damjana Panic, and Milica Mitrovic. "ATTITUDES OF STUDENTS TOWARDS GAMETE DONATION AND BASIC LIFE VALUES." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact048.

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"Gamete donation is a procedure that includes the “reproductive others” in the process of conception. There are numerous dilemmas related to donation while various European countries have different ways of solving them. In the Republic of Serbia, only voluntary gamete donation is allowed, and donors can only be women and men from the general population, or women included in the In vitro fertilization process. The donors remain anonymous to the child which was conceived with their help. Overcoming infertility in this way usually includes building public awareness, especially when it is not a common practice in that society, and work should be done on forming positive attitudes towards the donation. Experience from other countries indicates that sperm donation usually does not represent a problem, but there is greater demand for egg cells than the existing supply, which is an additional reason for studying attitudes and planning appropriate campaigns. In this study, the attitudes of university students (N = 503; 206 young men, 297 young women) towards gamete donation were analyzed, as were the differences in the extent of basic values about acceptance of the donation. We used several questions to determine the attitudes towards donations, including those specially designed for this research and the Schwartz Personal Values Questionnaire (Schwartz, 2002). University students are young people who represent not only potential donors but also the everyday environment of couples who require a donation. As highly educated individuals, they have the potential to be attitude holders. The results have shown generally positive attitudes of the students towards donation. The differences in certain basic values among the participants who support donation were obtained only for the sub-sample of young men: a more pronounced Openness to change and Self-transcendence. The authors present some specific ideas regarding the promotion of gamete donation in general – for example, we believe that in the supporting campaign for donation it would be more appropriate to use Self-transcendence than Openness to change."
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Gábor, Brigitta, and Miklós Lukovics. "Beyond the questionnaires." In The European Union’s Contention in the Reshaping Global Economy. Szeged: Szegedi Tudományegyetem Gazdaságtudományi Kar, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/eucrge.2022.18.

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Among the technological novelties of the digital revolution, the self-driving car is considered to be a radical innovation stand-out which will revolutionize the habits of people living in civilization. The technological development of these cars is in its last stages, but the preparedness of consumers is lagging behind. General impression is not uniform by gender: women in developed nations tend to be unenthusiastic about self-driving cars, which could threaten their entrance on the market. Furthermore, in mainstream research (TAM, UTAUT), attitude towards the technology has been measured by questionnaire and less than 10% of respondents can respond based on real experience. The aim of our research is, on the one hand, to explore methods by which subjects express their attitudes towards self-driving cars based on their own experiences, and, on the other hand, to examine the impact of their own experiences on the opinions of rejecting groups.
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Popluga, Dina, and Gunta Grinberga-Zalite. "HOW READY ARE SOCIETY FOR EUROPEAN GREEN DEAL: CASE STUDY FROM LATVIA?" In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/5.1/s21.076.

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Awareness of the importance of sustainable agriculture has increased in recent decades. One of the reasons for this is the widespread use of synthetic pesticides and their possible secondary negative effects on valuable carnivores and biodiversity. Therefore, the need for biological and environmentally friendly alternatives to pest control has become relevant. This relevance is also reinforced by the European Union's Green Deal agenda and its underlying strategy - Farm to Fork, which aim to mitigate climate change, prevent biodiversity loss and feed Europeans healthily. This study aims to assess the attitude of the Latvian society, in particular specific stakeholder�s groups playing important role in food systems, towards the achievement of the goals set in the European Union�s Green Deal agenda regarding the reduction of pesticide use and the search for alternative ways of protecting harvests from pests and diseases. There are several important signals arising from the results of this study and timely response to them can help policy makers, scientists, consultants and practitioners to contribute in reaching EU Green Deal goals, to redesigning existing food systems and to promote greater use of safe alternative ways of protecting harvests from pests.
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Reports on the topic "Europeans Attitudes"

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Peri, Giovanni, Daniel Rees, and Brock Smith. Terrorism and Political Attitudes: Evidence from European Social Surveys. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w28662.

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Fahey, Éamonn, Doireann O'Brien, Helen Russell, and Fran McGinnity. European survey data on attitudes to equality groups and human rights. ESRI, December 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/sustat83.

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Domínguez, Roberto. Perceptions of the European Union in Latin America. Fundación Carolina, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dt76en.

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This working paper examines the puzzle of the gaps between the images that the EU projects, voluntarily and involuntarily, and the perceptions of the EU in Latin America. After reviewing some of the debates related to the role of perceptions in public policy and EU Public Diplomacy (EUPD), the paper analyzes some critical developments in global perceptions of the EU based on the study Update of the 2015 Analysis of the Perception of the EU and EU Policies Abroad (2021 Update Study), which assessed the attitudes of the EU in 13 countries. The third section examines some studies on the attitudes of the EU in Latin America, including some contributions from Latinobarometer. The fourth section offers comparative cases of EU perception in Brazil, Mexico, and Colombia based on the findings of the 2021 Update Study. The analysis of each country relies on the interpretation of surveys with some references to the press analysis and interview methods provided in the 2021 Update Study. Each case discusses specific trends in the following areas: visibility, primary descriptors, global economics, and international leadership. Also, it identifies some patterns in perceptions of the EU in social development, climate change, research/technology, development assistance, culture, the case of the critical juncture in the survey (pandemic), and the EU as a normative setter. The final section offers some general trends in the perceptions of the EU in Latin America.
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on Forced Displacement, Joint Data Center. REFUGEE EMERGENCIES AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS REFUGEES: SOME INSIGHTS FROM THE ACADEMIC LITERATURE. Joint Data Center on Forced Displacement (JDC), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47053/jdc.290422.

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The conflict in Ukraine has generated a large inflow of refugees into European countries, with more than five million people having fled to neighboring countries. So far, the public response has been generally positive, with large shares of the European population being in favor of the policies implemented to host and support the Ukrainian refugees. In this note we look at the academic literature with the aim to: a) discuss which socioeconomic characteristics of the refugees are typically associated with positive or negative attitudes towards them; and, b) reflect on which policy measures can promote more inclusive and tolerant preferences. The evidence from the literature suggests that negative attitudes towards refugees can be widespread, but less so for those groups that are perceived to be in need of humanitarian help, are culturally closer to host communities, and more likely to contribute to the economies of the host country. Three policy measures to sustain a welcoming climate towards refugees emerge from the relevant literature: facilitate the interactions between host communities and those forcibly displaced; integrate the refugees into the society, including in the labor market; and provide simple, factual information about the refugees and their socioeconomic background.
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Holbrook, Donald. Deconstructing Rightwing Extremism: Conceptual Variance and Attitudes Towards Islam. RESOLVE Network, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/remve2022.3.

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The purpose of this report is to map, conceptually and empirically, the diverse elements that constitute rightwing extremism. The aim is to offer readers a guide to this complexity and an appreciation for the numerous ideas, actors, and outcomes associated with RWE. The report is divided into two parts. The first focuses on the conceptual issues associated with RWE while the second explores how this complexity plays out in practice by examining various ways in which RWE has framed and reacted to Islam. This case study was selected as it illustrates the intricacies of varied and evolving RWE responses and because Islam and Muslims are often a major target of RWE violence and hostility. In Part 1 we caution against describing RWE as a single movement or an ideology given that those associated with RWE, overall, lack the common bonds that bind members of a movement together. We explore the substance of this complexity and summarize the key features on a schema focusing on actors, ideas, and outcomes associated with RWE. In Part 2 we illustrate, with reference to this conceptual complexity, how a plethora of mainly European RWE approaches to Islam underscores the pluralism of ideas and interpretations within RWE. This ideological plurality steers its proponents in divergent directions and results in varied outcomes. Not only do right-wing extremists, including those inspired by white supremacism, nationalism, and cultural nativism, adopt divergent positions on the issue, their approach ranges widely from co-optation and inspiration to non-engagement and outright hostility. These divergent positions, in turn, differ depending on local contexts, frames of reference, core beliefs, and individuals’ interpretations of each of these factors. This heterogeneity has important implications for practitioners, policymakers and those who study RWE movements. Importantly, perceptions of threat are not constant or consistent across RWE movements. Varied threat perceptions can, in turn, produce different types of violence and extremism, with a diverse and inconsistent list of potential targets for violent acts, potential allies, and perceived constituents among RWE actors.
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Research, IFF. Small and Micro Food Business Operator (FBO) Tracking Survey: Wave 3 2021 - Technical Report. Food Standards Agency, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.sty242.

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The Food Standards Agency (FSA) has been tracking small and micro Food Business Operator (FBO) attitudes towards food-related topics, and trust in the FSA and food system, since 2018. This has helped inform engagement and intervention activity targeted at businesses with fewer than 50 staff. The survey was initially developed to assess the perceived impact of changes as a result of the UK’s exit from the European Union (EU), and the Achieving Business Compliance (ABC) programme, which aims to modernise the regulation of food businesses in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Since then, it has evolved to regularly track small and micro FBO views on a range of subjects. In 2021, the third wave of the annual tracking survey was carried out, with the following aims: To gain insight, and understand the implications of the EU Exit on small and micro enterprises To ‘unpack’ attitudes towards regulation and deepen insights and knowledge of small and micro enterprises, including with regards to the FSA’s ABC priority To measure trust in the FSA and extent to which FSA is considered a modern, accountable regulator All fieldwork for wave 3 was carried out by IFF Research, an independent market research company, commission by FSA. This paper outlines the methodological approach taken for wave 3 of the research, including sampling; feasibility testing; pilot and mainstage fieldwork; response rates; and weighting.
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Stelmakh, Marta. HISTORICAL CONTEXT IN THE COLLECTION OF ARTICLES BY TIMOTHY SNYDER «UKRAINIAN HISTORY, RUSSIAN POLITICS, EUROPEAN FUTURE». Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11098.

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The article examines the problem of the image formation of Ukraine in the international arena in the historical journalism of Timothy Snyder. The subject of the research is the historical context in the journalistic collection «Ukrainian History, Russian Politics, European Future». It identifies the main considerations of the author on the past of Russian-Ukrainian relations and the need to develop historical consciousness in the fight against Russian manipulation. Methodology: the comparative, historical, system analysis and other methods are used in the process of scientific research. The results of the study were obtained by analysing the author’s journalistic works and by considering the main historical themes raised by Timothy Snyder. Main results: The historical context in Timothy Snyder’s journalism is often focused on the Holodomor and the events of World War II. After all, these events are connected with the beginning of the image formation of the Ukrainian people as supporters of Nazism by the Russian authorities and the devaluation of the Ukrainians’ contribution to the establishment of peace during the Second World War. It is determined that the non-reflective attitude to history, the inability to draw parallels between the events of the past and the future leads to an ineffective response to manipulation and propaganda, which can threaten world peace. Conclusions: the realization that Russian aggression against Ukraine has its own history is a necessary aspect in the elucidation of this issue. The Eurasian Union and cooperation with the European far-right are Russian propaganda tools that discredit the Ukrainian state in the world community. Publicist Timothy Snyder points out that Europe’s future interconnects with the past, so he emphasizes the need to study and rethink history, which today has become the object of propaganda and manipulation. Significance: The results of our study will help journalists who study the historical aspect of journalistic materials and research foreign materials on Ukrainian issues. In addition, our research is necessary for Ukraine, because Russia’s aggression continues, as well as the aggressor’s propaganda, which is based on the distortion and falsification of historical events.
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Führ, Martin, Julian Schenten, and Silke Kleihauer. Integrating "Green Chemistry" into the Regulatory Framework of European Chemicals Policy. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627727.

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20 years ago a concept of “Green Chemistry” was formulated by Paul Anastas and John Warner, aiming at an ambitious agenda to “green” chemical products and processes. Today the concept, laid down in a set of 12 principles, has found support in various arenas. This diffusion was supported by enhancements of the legislative framework; not only in the European Union. Nevertheless industry actors – whilst generally supporting the idea – still see “cost and perception remain barriers to green chemistry uptake”. Thus, the questions arise how additional incentives as well as measures to address the barriers and impediments can be provided. An analysis addressing these questions has to take into account the institutional context for the relevant actors involved in the issue. And it has to reflect the problem perception of the different stakeholders. The supply chain into which the chemicals are distributed are of pivotal importance since they create the demand pull for chemicals designed in accordance with the “Green Chemistry Principles”. Consequently, the scope of this study includes all stages in a chemical’s life-cycle, including the process of designing and producing the final products to which chemical substances contribute. For each stage the most relevant legislative acts, together establishing the regulatory framework of the “chemicals policy” in the EU are analysed. In a nutshell the main elements of the study can be summarized as follows: Green Chemistry (GC) is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products. Besides, reaction efficiency, including energy efficiency, and the use of renewable resources are other motives of Green Chemistry. Putting the GC concept in a broader market context, however, it can only prevail if in the perception of the relevant actors it is linked to tangible business cases. Therefore, the study analyses the product context in which chemistry is to be applied, as well as the substance’s entire life-cycle – in other words, the six stages in product innovation processes): 1. Substance design, 2. Production process, 3. Interaction in the supply chain, 4. Product design, 5. Use phase and 6. After use phase of the product (towards a “circular economy”). The report presents an overview to what extent the existing framework, i.e. legislation and the wider institutional context along the six stages, is setting incentives for actors to adequately address problematic substances and their potential impacts, including the learning processes intended to invoke creativity of various actors to solve challenges posed by these substances. In this respect, measured against the GC and Learning Process assessment criteria, the study identified shortcomings (“delta”) at each stage of product innovation. Some criteria are covered by the regulatory framework and to a relevant extent implemented by the actors. With respect to those criteria, there is thus no priority need for further action. Other criteria are only to a certain degree covered by the regulatory framework, due to various and often interlinked reasons. For those criteria, entry points for options to strengthen or further nuance coverage of the respective principle already exist. Most relevant are the deltas with regard to those instruments that influence the design phase; both for the chemical substance as such and for the end-product containing the substance. Due to the multi-tier supply chains, provisions fostering information, communication and cooperation of the various actors are crucial to underpin the learning processes towards the GCP. The policy options aim to tackle these shortcomings in the context of the respective stage in order to support those actors who are willing to change their attitude and their business decisions towards GC. The findings are in general coherence with the strategies to foster GC identified by the Green Chemistry & Commerce Council.
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BELENIUK, VASILY. INFLUENCE OF EDUCATIONAL MEASURES ON INCREASING THE INTEREST OF YOUTH IN SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES, ON THE EXAMPLE OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE “SCHOOL OF YOUNG SCIENTISTS”. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2658-4034-2021-12-1-2-33-40.

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The issues of increasing interest among young people in scientific activity not only retain their relevance, but have become increasingly acute in recent years. Today, there is a pronounced decline in the level of prestige of scientific specialties, and those who are ready to work in this field, as a rule, initially have attitudes focused on the American and European scientific markets. To attract young people to science-intensive projects, “schools”, “forums” and “conferences” are held annually, aimed at creating a favorable information environment and creating comfortable conditions for self-realization. After testing among the participants of the School for Young Scientists held in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, statistically significant differences were established, which make it possible to draw a conclusion about the effectiveness of such events in terms of youth awareness of scientific and innovative activities in general, as well as in the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
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Becker, Sascha O., Stephen Broadberry, Nicholas Crafts, Sayatan Ghosal, Sharun W. Mukand, and Vera E. Troeger. Reversals of Fortune? A Long-term Perspective on Global Economic Prospects. Edited by Sascha O. Becker. CAGE Research Centre, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/978-0-9576027-00.

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It is conventional wisdom that: Continued fast growth in the BRICS will result in a rapid catch-up to match and even surpass Western income levels in the next few decades The crisis in Europe will soon be over and normal growth will then resume as if nothing had happened The tax competition resulting from globalization means a race to the bottom in which corporate tax rates fall dramatically everywhere The best way to escape the poverty trap is to give the poor more money Losers from globalization can be ignored by politicians in western democracies because they do not matter for electoral outcomes The adjustment problems for developing countries arising from the crisis are quite minor and easy to deal with Actually, as Reversals of Fortune shows, all of these beliefs are highly questionable. The research findings reported here provide economic analysis and evidence that challenge these claims. In the report, Nicholas Crafts asks: "What Difference does the Crisis make to Long-term West European Growth?" Vera Troeger considers "The Impact of Globalisation and Global Economic Crises on Social Cohesion and Attitudes towards Welfare State Policies in Developed Western Democracies." Stephen Broadberry looks at "The BRICs: What does Economic History say about their Growth Prospects?" Sharun Mukand takes "The View from the Developing World: Institutions, Global Shocks and Economic Adjustment." Finally, Sayantan Ghosal has a new perspective on "The Design of Pro-poor Policies."
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