Academic literature on the topic 'European Social Charter (1961)'
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Journal articles on the topic "European Social Charter (1961)"
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Radaev, A. G. "European Social Charter: basic guarantees of social and labor rights." Juridical Analytical Journal 16, no. 1 (November 13, 2021): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/1810-4088-2021-16-1-15-24.
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This article is devoted to the legal analysis of provisions of the European Social Charter, as the main international normative act regulating legal relations in the field of social and labor rights of workers, as well as identifying the features of the system of international cooperation in this area. The article touches upon the problem of institutional and conventional interaction of subjects of international law. The issues of the structure and content of both the European Social Charter and its basic norms governing the sphere of social and labor rights are considered. Attention is drawn to the fact that 60 years have passed since the adoption of this international legal act, which was opened for signature on October 18, 1961 in Turin. In the jubilee year, there is every reason to recall the history of the adoption and entry into force of the European Social Charter, its revision in 1996 and the ratification of this international legal act by the Russian Federation after a long period after the official signature. The article also concerns certain problems of reforming domestic legislation in the field of social rights and guarantees in accordance with European standards. The problems of the implementation of the norms of the European Social Charter governing legal relations related to social rights and guarantees of workers into the modern legislation of the Russian Federation are touched upon. On this basis, it is concluded that it is necessary and advisable to include in Russian legislation the provisions of the European Social Charter on additional guarantees for the protection of social, labour and economic rights. It was found that certain norms of the European Social Charter, which provide guarantees of rights to migrant workers, are not fully included in domestic legislation. Comparative legal analysis of the compliance of the legislation of the Russian Federation with the provisions of the European Social Charter shows that the legal foundations of social and economic guarantees of the rights of Russian citizens are basically consistent with the provisions of the Charter. At the same time, it is stated that the level of guarantees actually provided is determined by the capabilities of the state. Further development of the social and labor sphere in the country makes it possible to approach the standards proclaimed in the Charter, which makes it possible to fulfill the obligations assumed upon its ratification. Russias accession to the European Social Charter and its ratification undoubtedly strengthened the position of our state in relations with other countries, increased the level of protection of social, labour and economic rights in the country. It is advisable to discuss issues of ensuring the implementation of the provisions of the European Social Charter in the Russian legal system in order to further improve national legislation, improve the level and quality of life in our country.
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Jaeger, Markus. "The Additional Protocol to the European Social Charter Providing for a System of Collective Complaints." Leiden Journal of International Law 10, no. 1 (March 1997): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156597000058.
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The European Social Charter (ESC) was signed in 1961 and has been in force since 1965. Protecting 19 fundamental rights, it was conceived as the counterpart, in the field of social and economic rights, to the European Convention on Human Rights. However, it was considered to have several shortcomings as a human right instrument, namely a slow, confusing and government-controlled monitoring mechanism as well as a list of protected rights that was incomplete. This last criticism was partly met by the Additional Protocol to the Charter of 1988, which guaranteed four additional rights. However, an informal Ministerial Conference on Human Rights held in Rome on 5 November 1990 acknowledged that one had to go further. The ministers invited the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe to take the necessary steps for a detailed study of the role, content, and operation of the European Social Charter with a view to giving it a new impetus. In response, the Committee of Ministers authorized the convening of an ad hoc committee, the Committee on the European Social Charter (the so-called “Charte-Rel Committee”). It was instructed to make proposals for improving the effectiveness of the Charter and, in particular, the functioning of its supervisory machinery. In carrying out its task, the Committee consulted the international representatives of management and labour, including the European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) and the Union of the Confederations of Industry and Employers of Europe (UNICE), as well as the International Labour Organization (ILO) at all stage.
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Świątkowski, Andrzej Marian. "Teisė į teisingą atlyginimą: europiniai standartai." Teisė 79 (January 1, 2011): 186–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/teise.2011.0.179.
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Teisingo atlyginimo už darbą principas įtvirtintas 1961 m. Europos socialinėje chartijoje ir 1996 m. Pataisytoje socialinėje chartijoje. Tačiau minėtuose teisės aktuose nepateikiama teisingo atlyginimo sampratos, o neaiškus terminas leidžia rastis skirtingoms interpretacijoms, kurioms tirti iki šiol Lietuvoje buvo skirta mažai dėmesio. Šiame straipsnyje detaliai analizuojami Socialinių teisių komiteto pateikti teisingo atlyginimo aiškinimo metodai. Tyrimo tikslas – išskirti skirtingas teisingo atlyginimo sampratas, jas palyginti ir įvertinti Lenkijos valstybės darbo užmokestį teisingo atlyginimo sampratos požiūriu. Naudojamasi sisteminio aiškinimo, lyginamuoju, loginės analizės ir statistiniais metodais. Šiais metodais vertinamos Lenkijos Respublikos galimybės ratifikuoti Europos socialinės chartijos 4 straipsnio 1 dalį. European Social Charter of 1961 and the Revised European Social Charter of 1996 establishes the principle of fair remuneration. However these legal acts do not give the exact definition of this principle. The vague term generates different interpretations which have not been properly analysed in Lithuanian labour law so far. This paper analyses the methods to define fair remuneration, provided by the Committee of Social Rights. The purposes of this research are to identify various interpretations, to compare them and to evaluate Polish remuneration in the terms of fair remuneration. The author of this paper uses systematic interpretation, comparison tests, logical analyses and statistical methods. These methods enable the author to conclude on the possibilities of Poland to ratify article 4 § 1 of the European Social Charter.
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Skokauskas, Norbert, and Myron Belfer. "Global child mental health: what can we learn from countries with limited financial resources?" International Psychiatry 8, no. 2 (May 2011): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600002460.
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In 1977 the World Health Organization recommended that every country throughout the world should have a national plan for child mental health. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child has been another important stimulus for child mental health policies and services in many countries. Adopted unanimously by the United Nations General Assembly in 1989 and instituted as international law in 1990, the Convention is an agreement on the basic protections that should be accorded to children. Adopted in 1961, the European Social Charter is the major European treaty that secures children's rights. In 1996 the Charter was revised and expanded to include a list of core obligations of the contracting parties relating to the recognition of social, legal and economic rights for children and young persons.
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Przywora, Bogusław. "Zgodność z Konstytucją przepisu ustawy o Straży Granicznej w zakresie określenia czasu wolnego lub wynagrodzenia w zamian za czas służby przekraczający normy służby." Zeszyty Prawnicze Biura Analiz Sejmowych 4, no. 68 (2020): 279–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31268/zpbas.2020.89.
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In the position of the Sejm a statement was proposed that the appealed provision of the Act on the Border Guard, in the area in which it stipulates that an officer entitled to a functional allowance is not entitled to time off from service in exchange for service overtime exceeding service standards, is compliant with the indicated provision of the European Social Charter drawn up in Turin on 18th October 18 1961. The Applicant emphasized that the legislator did not comply with the provisions of the ESC, for he deprived Border Guard officers serving in independent or managerial positions of the right to free time or remuneration for the time of service performed in overtime. In the justification of the position, it was stated that Article 4 of the ESC does not determine the extent of additional remuneration that employees are entitled to for overtime work. Therefore the national legislator has been left with far-reaching freedom to define the rules of remuneration of employees.
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HEPPLE, BOB. "EUROPEAN SOCIAL CHARTER." Industrial Law Journal 17, no. 1 (1988): 124–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ilj/17.1.124.
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Heringa, Aalt Willem. "European Social Rights: The European Social Charter." Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 4, no. 2 (June 1997): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1023263x9700400201.
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Hendriks, Aart. "Appendix II: Revised European Social Charter." Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 14, no. 3 (September 1996): 341–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/092405199601400311.
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Teague, Paul, and John Grahl. "The European Community Social Charter and Labour Market Regulation." Journal of Public Policy 11, no. 2 (April 1991): 207–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x00006206.
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ABSTRACTThe market orientation of the 1992 European Community programme has given way to a range of other projects involving institutional integration. Issues such as European Monetary Union and the EC Social Charter now dominate the Community's policy agenda. Inducing this shift from ‘negative’ to ‘positive’ integration was a growing realisation that institutional interventions are required to secure and coordinate the integration process. This paper examines the nature of the EC Social Charter as a positive coordination mechanism. First the controversies surrounding the adoption of the Charter are outlined. Then an appraisal is made of how the clauses of the Charter' accompanying action programme and recently published draft Directives affect existing national systems of labour market regulation. The conclusion is that although the Charter does not constitute a move towards a harmonised employment regime, it is a serious attempt to bring about greater coherence in Community labour markets.
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Lucas, Rosemary. "Some thoughts on the European Social Charter." International Journal of Hospitality Management 10, no. 2 (January 1991): 174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-4319(91)90041-f.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "European Social Charter (1961)"
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Canale, Souhila. "La justiciabilité de la Charte sociale européenne." Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE0039.
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La Charte sociale européenne est avec la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme, l’un des deux traités phares du Conseil de l’Europe en matière de droits de l’homme. Elle est le pendant de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme dans le domaine des droits économiques et sociaux. Elle couvre un large éventail de droits relatifs au logement, la santé, l’éducation, l’emploi, la protection juridique et sociale, la circulation des personnes et la non-discrimination. La Charte sociale européenne, signée en 1961 et révisée en 1996, sauvegarde les droits économiques et sociaux de l’homme et établit un système de contrôle qui garantit leur respect par les États parties. Ce contrôle peut s’effectuer par des rapports biennaux remis par les États ou par la procédure de réclamation collective devant le Comité européen des droits sociaux, instituée par le Protocole de 1995. Ce Comité statue en droit sur la conformité des situations nationales avec la Charte. La justiciabilité de la Charte sociale européenne met en avant le problème de l’opposabilité des droits sociaux contenus dans la Charte. Les droits sociaux sont souvent considérés comme un obstacle au profit économique dans un marché mondialisé. Dans de nombreux pays les droits sociaux sont mis à rude épreuve en raison de la crise économique actuelle. Il faut continuer à défendre leur effectivité juridique, car la Charte sociale est appelée à jouer un rôle essentiel, permettant d’empêcher l’exclusion sociale et de renforcer la cohésion sociale dans les États membres. En conséquence la Charte est un outil au service du développement intégral et durable de nos sociétésThe European social Charter is with the European Convention on Human Rights, one of both key treaties of the Council of Europe in human rights. It is the counterpart of the European Convention on Human Rights in the field of the business and social laws. She covers a wide range of rights relative to the accommodation, the health, the education, the employment, the legal and social protection, the movement of people and the nondiscrimination. The European social Charter, signed in 1961 and revised in 1996, backs up the social and economic rights of the man and establishes a system of control which guarantees their respect by States parts. This control can be made by reports, every other year, handed by States or by procedure of collective complaint in front of the European Committee of the securities, established by the Protocol of 1995. This Committee rules in right, law on the conformity of the national situations with the Charter. The justiciabilité of the European social Charter advances the problem of the opposability of the securities contained in the Charter. The securities are often considered as an obstacle to the economic profit in a globalized market. In number of countries the securities are put in tested severely because of the current economic crisis. It is necessary to continue to defend their legal effectiveness, legal value because the social Charter is called to play an essential role, allowing to prevent the social exclusion, to strengthen the social cohesion in Member States. Accordingly, the Charter is a tool in the service of the complete and long-lasting, sustainable development of our societies
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Carillon, Alain. "Les sources européennes des droits de l'homme salarié /." Bruxelles : Bruylant, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41141721r.
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Savasan, Zerrin. "The Eu Constitutional Treaty And Human Rights." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607585/index.pdf.
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The thesis seeks to answer the question whether the European Union (EU) constitutional treaty offers improved protection for human rights in the EU jurisdiction. Within this context, it first seeks to find out what the incorporation of the Charter of Fundamental Rights in the constitutional treaty promises for the human rights&rsquofield. Furthermore, it examines how the possible accession of the EU to the European Convention on Human Rights will affect this field. Then, it focuses on what the constitutional treaty offers for third countries concerning human rights. Finally, in the light of the recent developments on the treaty, the discussion enlightens the role of the constitutional treaty on protecting and developing human rights in the EU.
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Freitas, Valter de Almeida. "A Declaração Sociolaboral do Mercosul e a Carta dos Direitos Fundamentais da União Européia." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/61784.
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O objeto desta tese se constitui do estudo comparativo da Carta dos Direitos Fundamentais da União Europeia e da Declaração Sociolaboral do Mercosul, com o propósito de analisar o processo de participação dos governos, dos patrões e dos trabalhadores na definição das Cartas que regulamentam a livre circulação dos trabalhadores em ambos os blocos. O estudo comparativo das Cartas Sociais possibilitou compreender os processos de elaboração das legislações sociais ocorridos em dois blocos de países, com fundamentos históricos singulares, em fases distintas de integração e com experiências diferentes de regulamentação do livre trânsito da força de trabalho. A comparação das Cartas da União Europeia e do Mercosul permitiu assim desenvolver um estudo mais aprofundado sobre as diferenças e as similitudes existentes entre ambas as Cartas, apesar de as datas de sua elaboração serem bastante distanciadas. A pesquisa das assimetrias entre as Cartas visou, pois, identificar e analisar tanto as origens em sua forma quanto em seu conteúdo, considerando que sua concepção e elaboração nasceram de realidades muito diversas, vigentes tanto nos dois blocos, quanto nos países que os compõem, em face de suas peculiaridades históricas, sociais, econômicas, legislativas e geográficas. A análise das Cartas da União Europeia e do MERCOSUL, e sua relação com as novas exigências da política neoliberal, buscou ainda estabelecer os nexos entre elas e a imobilidade do trabalho em ambos os blocos, uma vez que as Cartas não tiveram grande influência quanto ao número de trabalhadores exercendo suas atividades fora de seus respectivos países de origem, evidenciando a mobilidade do capital, das mercadorias e dos serviços em detrimento da mobilidade do trabalho. Esses aspectos vêm corroborar o fato de que a globalização econômica, a própria resistência dos Estados membros, bem como do empresariado, não permitiram ou inviabilizaram a criação de verdadeiras Cartas sociais.The object of this research is to present a comparative study of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of European Union and Mercosul Sociolaboral Declaration. Our concern was to analyze the participation process of Governments, of bosses and workers about the definition of the Charter regulating the free circulation of workers between the two Blocks. The comparative study of the Social Charters allowed understanding the elaboration processes of the social legislations that happened into the two Communities Blocks, with their particular foundations, with different integration periods and having different experiences on regulation about the free transition of the work force. Comparing the Charter of European Union and Mercosul Sociolaboral Declaration it was possible to develop a deeper study about the differences and the likenesses between the two agreements, in spite of being their elaboration dates very distant in time. The asymmetric research between the Charters aimed to identify and to analyze either the origins in their shape, either in their content, considering that their conception and elaboration were born from very different realities in vigor either in the two Blocks, either in the communities that compose them, because of their historical, social, economic, legislative and geographic peculiarities. The analytic study of European Union as well as Mercosul Charters and their relation with the new demands of neoliberal politics tried to establish the links between them and the immobilization of work into the two Blocks, because the agreement did not have a great influence on the amount of workers doing their activities out of their original countries, showing, that way, the capital, goods and services mobility in detriment of work. Those aspects corroborate the fact that economic globalization, resistance of the Members States and of the managers as a whole did not allow or made nonviable the creation of true Social Charters.
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Putti, Charline. "Les obligations internationales des États en matière de droits économiques, sociaux et culturels : l’édification d’un régime obligataire spécifique aux droits à réalisation progressive." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/200214_PUTTI_762j261xonwce793ri606qm_TH.pdf.
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La formalisation du droit international des droits de l'homme a entériné le postulat voulant que les droits civils et politiques et les droits économiques, sociaux et culturels (DESC) n’appelleraient pas le même type de protection. La consécration des DESC traduit l’acceptation réaliste du fait que le manque de ressources et l'inertie de l'État peut entraver la pleine application des droits économiques, sociaux et culturels, constat dont découle le concept de « réalisation progressive » de ces droits. Cette clause de progressivité, bien que fondée, comporte des expressions et des notions particulièrement imprécises qui rendent son analyse assez complexe. Les obligations en matière de droits économiques, sociaux et culturels demeurent ainsi incomprises et ces droits continuent à être assimilés à des objectifs à long terme ou à de simples aspirations de justice sociale. Ce « concept » de réalisation progressive, pourtant extrêmement important dans l’interprétation des obligations liées aux droits économiques, sociaux et culturels peine à être saisi par les organes de protection dans la mesure où il est susceptible de faire obstacle à la mise en évidence d’obligations immédiatement exigibles. La thèse qui sous-tend ces travaux est celle de la nécessité d’édifier un régime obligataire conforme et propre aux exigences de mise en œuvre des DESC à réalisation progressive. Si la prétendue complexité de la mise en œuvre des DESC peut constituer un motif à l’inaction de l’État, transposée en un régime obligataire spécifique, compréhensible et immédiatement exigible, elle constitue le moyen privilégié pour y faire obstacleThe formalization of International human rights law has endorsed the assumption that civil and political rights and economic, social and cultural rights (ESCRs) do not call for the same type of protection. The consecration of the ESCRs also reflects the realistic acceptance that the lack of resources and the inertia of the state can hinder the full implementation of economic, social and cultural rights, the result of which is the concept of "progressive realization" of these rights. This progressive clause, although well founded, has particularly unclear expressions and notions that make its analysis complex. Obligations in economic, social and cultural rights are thus misunderstood and these rights continue to be equated with long-term goals or with simple social justice aspirations. This "concept" of progressive realization, yet extremely important in the interpretation of obligations related to economic, social and cultural rights, is difficult for the protection bodies to grasp since it is likely to hinder the identification of obligations immediately due. Also, ESC rights obligations were first brought closer to those on civil and political rights in order to establish the legality of so-called "second generation" rights. The thesis underlying this work is that of the need to build a bond regime compliant and specific to the implementation requirements of DESC progressive realization. If the so-called complexity of the implementation of ESC rights can be a reason for the inaction of the State, transposed into a specific, understandable and immediately exigible bonding regime, it is the preferred way to prevent it
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TEMPESTA, Guillermo. "El sistema interamericano de proteccion de los derechos economicos, sociales y culturales a la luz de la experiencia del Convenio de las Naciones Unidas y de la Carta Social Europea." Doctoral thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4802.
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Examining board: Prof. Roberto Barsotti (Universidad de Florencia) ; Prof. Juan A. Carrillo Salcedo (Universidad de Sevilla) ; Prof. Antonio Cassese (Instituto Universitario Europeo, supervisor) ; Prof. Luis M. Diéz-Picazo (Instituto Universitario Europeo) ; Prof. Augusto M. Morello (Universidad de La Plata)Defence date: 11 December 1992
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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DAUCK, Kirsten. "The Community Charter of the fundamental social rights for workers : what was it good for?" Doctoral thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5571.
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Arabaghian, Anouche. "L'identité européenne : un développement progressif par la citoyenneté et la Charte des droits fondamentaux de l'Union européenne." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9016.
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Depuis le projet d’origine, l’Union européenne a étendu ses frontières, intégré de nouveaux territoires, de nouvelles traditions politiques et pris une nouvelle forme géographique. Ses frontières « non définies » se sont déplacées, le territoire cédant la place à un espace ouvert. Mais cette évolution n’a pas modifié la nature des interrogations sur son identité, sur l’existence d’une société européenne, sur l’identification des « peuples » européens à leur nouvelle communauté politique et sur l’émergence d’un espace public européen.
La problématique de l'identité européenne est que malgré tous les moyens déployés par les institutions supranationales (processus d’harmonisation, d’homogénéisation et de convergence), celle-ci demeure un concept abstrait dont l’expression et l’enracinement dans le tissu social sont encore superficiels. L’Union européenne est une communauté de citoyens, les droits sont codifiés par les traités successifs, mais elle reste une communauté dont l’identité est encore incertaine.
Bien que l’identité européenne concerne toute une série de questions qui doivent être saisies concurremment - élargissement, questions des frontières, hybridité politico-institutionnelle, nous l'analyserons notamment à travers le prisme de la citoyenneté européenne et de la Charte des droits fondamentaux de l'Union européenne. La question suivante sera ainsi posée : la citoyenneté européenne et la Charte européenne contribuent-elles à faire émerger, voire à consolider, une identité européenne?Since the original project, the European Union has extended its borders, integrated new territories, new political traditions and has taken a new geographic form. Its borders "undefined" moved, the area giving way to an open space. But this evolution did not alter the nature of questions relating to its identity, the existence of a European society, the identification of "peoples" to their new European political Community and the emergence of a european public space. The issue of the European identity is that despite all measures deployed by supranational institutions (harmonization process, homogenization and convergence), it remains an abstract concept whose expression and rooting in the social sphere are still superficial. The European Union is indeed a community of citizens, the rights are codified by successive treaties, but it remains a community whose identity is still uncertain. Although the European identity concerns a range of questions that must be considered concurrently - enlargement, border issues, political-institutional hybridity, we will analyze it mainly through the prism of European citizenship and the Charter of Fundamental Rights. The following question will therefore be asked : European citizenship and the Charter of Fundamental Rights will they contribute to emerge or even consolidate a European identity?
Thèse de doctorat effectuée en cotutelle avec la Faculté de droit de l'Université Jean Moulin Lyon III
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Cima, Luísa Filipa Rebelo. "O limbus entre o trabalho e o descanso : reflexões sobre a qualificação dos períodos de prevenção à luz da jurisprudência nacional e sua (des)conformidade com o Direito Internacional e Europeu." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/30346.
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A proliferação dos regimes de prevenção, em particular dos regimes de prevenção à chamada/localização, que prolongam a subordinação jurídica dos trabalhadores para além das fronteiras pré-estabelecidas, ameaçando a sua autodisponibilidade, merecem uma urgente reflexão e atuação. Com efeito, a dicotomia tempo de trabalho/tempo de descanso deixa o tempo de disponibilidade numa fronteira que carece de integração. No presente estudo procura-se perceber a natureza dos períodos de prevenção, em especial dos períodos de prevenção à chamada/localização, no contexto normativo atual – i.e., no âmbito do Código do Trabalho português, da Diretiva 2003/88/CE, da Carta Social Europeia Revista e das Convenções n.º 1 e n.º 30 da OIT – e debater a conformidade ou desconformidade da jurisprudência portuguesa perante (i) o Direito da União Europeia; (ii) o Conselho da Europa e (iii) a Organização Internacional do Trabalho.The proliferation of stand-by periods, in particular of stand-by periods at home, which extend the employees legal subordination apart from predetermined borders, threatening the devotion to their personal and social interests, deserve an immediate reflection and action. Therefore, the working time/rest time dichotomy leaves the periods of stand-by duty in a borderline which must be integrated. The aim of this study is to understand the nature of stand-by periods, particularly of stand-by periods at home, in the present legal context – by the Portuguese Labour Code, the Directive 2003/88/CE; the Revised European Social Charter and the ILO Conventions, no 1 and no 30 – and to discuss the compliance or non-compliance of Portuguese jurisprudence towards the (i) European Union; (ii) European Council and (iii) International Labour Organization.
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Soares, Luís Paulo Vasconcelos Branco. "Carta Europeia de Turismo Sustentável, um instrumento para o desenvolvimento do turismo sustentável nas áreas protegidas da RAM." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/18261.
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O turismo em Áreas Protegidas depende, essencialmente, da qualidade e diversidade que os valores naturais apresentam, sendo fundamental criar condições favoráveis à sua estabilidade, não comprometendo o desenvolvimento económico que o turismo poderá trazer. A Carta Europeia de Turismo Sustentável em Áreas Protegidas (CETS) apresenta-se como uma estratégia de desenvolvimento sustentável, baseada no princípio de parceria entre os stakeholders, de forma a reforçar a gestão turística das Áreas Protegidas (APs).
A pertinência deste Estágio relaciona-se com o aumento da procura turística nas APs, principalmente pela atratividade da riqueza dos valores naturais que a Região Autónoma da Madeira (RAM) apresenta. A emergência do turismo, em áreas onde se concentram um maior número de recursos naturais e patrimoniais, exige uma maior ponderação ao nível de planeamento turístico, sendo necessário reforçar as relações entre as diferentes entidades, empresas turísticas e a população, privilegiando, assim, a introdução de boas práticas ambientais, de modo a garantir e majorar o sucesso, a longo prazo, das políticas ambientais e, sobretudo, estabelecer esse compromisso, com a sua aplicação prática no território.
Neste sentido, procurou-se não só aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre o desenvolvimento turístico sustentável e identificar os recursos presentes nas APs da RAM, como também envidar esforços no sentido de identificar as lacunas das atividades turísticas presentes nas APs, de forma a delinear uma estratégia com base na CETS, tendo em conta todas a vertentes da gestão turística. Para que a RAM assegure a sua competitividade turística, a CETS poderia representar uma importante ferramenta quer ao nível da valorização do turismo regional quer em termos da conservação dos seus recursos.In Protected Areas, tourism depends mainly on the quality and diversity of the natural values present in a certain area, which makes it essential to create favorable conditions for its stability, without jeopardizing the economic development that tourism can bring. The European Charter for Sustainable Tourism in Protected Areas (ECST) has been introduced as a sustainable development strategy based on the principle of partnership among stakeholders in order to strengthen tourism management of Protected Areas (PAs). The relevance of this Traineeship is related to the increase in tourist demand in the PAs, especially the appeal of the richness in natural values that the Madeira Autonomous Region (MAR) has. The emergence of tourism in areas where a greater number of natural and heritage resources are concentrated requires a deeper reflection concerning tourism planning. It is necessary to strengthen the links between the different entities, tourism businesses, and the population. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the introduction of good environmental practices in order to ensure and increase the success of such environmental policies in the long term, and, above all, to establish this commitment by implementing in the territory. On this subject, not only was it necessary to deepen the knowledge on sustainable tourism development and to identify the resources present in the PAs of MAR but it was also essential to promote efforts to identify the gaps in the tourist activities present in the PAs in order to outline a strategy based on ECST, taking into account all the aspects related to tourism management. The ECST has the potential to become an important tool both in terms of the appreciation of regional tourism and in terms of the conservation of resources to make it possible for MAR to ensure its tourism competitiveness.
Books on the topic "European Social Charter (1961)"
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Great Britain. Foreign and Commonwealth Office. and Council of Europe, eds. Protocol amending the European social charter: Turin, 21 October 1991. London [England]: H.M.S.O., 1991.
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Gomien, Donna. Law and practice of the European Convention on Human Rights and the European social charter. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Publishing, 1996.
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Europe, Council of. The European Social Charter. Strasbourg: Council of Europe, Publishing and DocumentationService, 1992.
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Council of Europe. Directorate of Human Rights. Revised European Social Charter. Strasbourg: Coucil of Europre, Directorate of Human Rights, Social Charter Section, 1999.
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Benelhocine, Carole. The European Social Charter. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Publishing, 2012.
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Harris, D. J. The European Social Charter. 2nd ed. Ardsley, N.Y: Transnational Publishers, 2001.
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1943-, Jaspers Teun, and Betten Lammy, eds. 25 years, European Social Charter. Deventer: Kluwer Law and Taxation Publishers, 1988.
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Europe, Council of, ed. European Social Charter: Collected texts. 4th ed. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Pub., 2003.
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Europe, Council of, ed. European social charter: Short guide. Strasbourg: Council of Europe Publishing, 2000.
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European Social Charter: The charter, its protocols, the revised Charter. Strasbourg: Council of Europe, 1999.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "European Social Charter (1961)"
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Yıldız, Ayselin Gözde. "European Urban Charter 1992 and 2008." In Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility, 1104–11. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28036-8_337.
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Shrubsall, Vivien J. "The European Social Charter: Employment, Unions and Strikes." In Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 153–62. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21794-6_8.
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Coppola, Serena. "Social Rights in the European Union: The Possible Added Value of a Binding Charter of Fundamental Rights." In The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, 199–215. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0156-4_11.
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de Torres, Amaya Úbeda. "The Horizontal Effect of Social Rights in the Light of the European Social Charter and the European Committee of Social Rights’ Case Law." In Fundamental Rights Challenges, 75–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72798-7_6.
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Gött, Henner. "6. The ILO’s Model’s Cooperative Promotion: The ILO’s Influence on the European Social Charter." In The Law of Interactions Between International Organizations, 127–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62389-3_6.
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Ahlbeck, Jutta, Ann-Catrin Östman, and Eija Stark. "Conclusions: Dealing with Difference." In Encounters and Practices of Petty Trade in Northern Europe, 1820–1960, 321–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98080-1_14.
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AbstractThe chapter discusses how both trading encounters and commodities were charged with meaning, and intimately connected to gendered, ethnicized, and classed practices. Focusing on trading practices in Northern Europe, the editors of the collection point to power relations that shaped the shifting boundaries between inclusion and exclusion of social groups and individuals. The livelihoods of petty traders were affected by how they were viewed as members of, often ethnicized or otherwise, subordinate groups. Meanwhile, culturally significant commodities could be empowering, allowing for a more respectable status for traders.
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"European Social Charter, 1961." In International Human Rights Law Documents, 670–84. Cambridge University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781316677117.086.
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"The Drafting of the 1961 European Social Charter." In The European Social Charter: A Commentary, 11–37. Brill | Nijhoff, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004434042_003.
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"Protocol Amending the European Social Charter, 1991." In International Human Rights Law Documents, 690–93. Cambridge University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781316677117.088.
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"No. 7659. European Social Charter. Signed at Turin, on 18 October 1961." In United Nations Treaty Series, 332. UN, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/7bc27611-en-fr.
Full textConference papers on the topic "European Social Charter (1961)"
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Sivoldaev, Ilya. "The European Social Charter and Social Rights in Russia." In The 20th anniversary of Russia's accession to the Council of Europe. History and prospects ». ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/23315.
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Fulantelli, Giovanni, Lidia Scifo, and Davide Taibi. "THE ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS THEORY OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT TO EXPLORE THE STUDENT-SOCIAL MEDIA INTERACTION." In eLSE 2021. ADL Romania, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-21-019.
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According to the Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory of human development ([1][2][3][4][5]), the development of each individual cannot be observed without considering its relationship with the development of other people and, above all, with the environment in which they live. The ecological orientation of Bronfenbrenner with respect to human development is therefore based on the interest in the progressive adaptation between an active organism that grows and its immediate environment: the individual-environment interaction that is determined by the relationships existing between the different environmental situations and the individuals present in that context is fundamental. Consequently, the ecological environment that is considered relevant to development processes is not limited to a single environmental situation but includes the interconnections between multiple environmental situations and the different influences of each individual. The evolution of the Internet-based technologies has brought to the development of solutions that have profoundly changed the way we live, including education. The advent of social media and social networks represents a milestone in the history of Internet, opening up to profound reflections on the "virtualization" of relationships, their growing importance in everyday life, and their role in education. Many authors argue that the Internet and the social media should no longer be considered as a tool to connect to a virtual reality that is separate from the real world, but as a place in which users live daily ([6][9][11][10]); consequently, they constitute one of the environmental situations mentioned by Bronfenbrenner. However, the risks deriving from the use of social media have been widely discusses in the literature ([7][8][12]). Adolescents are more exposed to the social media threats, since they are unable to perceive the profoundly different dynamics that govern offline and online networks. In this paper, having in mind the Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory of human development, we argue that the progressive adaptation of students to social media should be considered as a process of their growth and development. Furthermore, we analyze some corrections to be introduced in the educational paths of adolescents necessary to reduce the threats deriving from the use of social media and social networks in education. Reference Text and Citations [1] Bronfenbrenner, U. (1961). Toward a theoretical model for the analysis of parent-child relationships in a social context. In J. C. Glidewell (Ed.), Parental attitudes and child behavior (pp. 90-109). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas. [2] Bronfenbrenner, U. (1973). Social ecology of human development. In F. Richardson (Ed.), Brain and intelligence: The ecology of child development (pp. 113-129). Hyattsville, MD: National Education Press. [3] Bronfenbrenner, U. (1974). Developmental research, public policy, and the ecology of childhood. Child Development, 45, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.2307/1127743 [4] Bronfenbrenner, U. (1994). Ecological models of human development. In T. Husen & T. N. Postlethwaite (Eds.), International encyclopedia of education (2nd ed., Vol. 3, pp. 1643-1647). Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press and Elsevier Science. [5] Bronfenbrenner, U., & Morris, P. A. (2006). The bioecological model of human development. In W. Damon (Series Ed.) & R. M. Lerner (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Theoretical models of human development (pp. 793-828). New York, NY: Wiley. [6] Carr, N. (2011). The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. [7] Livingstone, S., Haddon, L., G?rzig, A., & ?lafsson, K. (2011). Risks and safety on the internet: The perspective of European children. Full Findings. London: EU Kids Online, LSE. [Google Scholar] [8] Martin, F., Wang, C., Petty, T., Wang, W., & Wilkins, P. (2018). Middle school students' social media use. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 21(1), 213-224. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26273881 [9] Musetti, A., Cattivelli, R., Giacobbi, M., Zuglian, P., Ceccarini, M., Capelli, F., et al. (2016). Challenges in internet addiction disorder: is a diagnosis feasible or not? Frontiers in Psychology, 7. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00842 [10] Musetti, A., Cattivelli, R., Zuglian, P., Terrone, G., Pozzoli, S., Capelli, F., et al. (2017). Internet addiction disorder o internet related psychopathology? [Internet Addiction disorder or Internet Related Psychopathology?]. Giornale Italiano di Psicologia, 44, 359-382. doi: 10.1421/87345 [11] Taymur, I., Budak, E., Demirci, H., Akdag, H.A., Gungor, B.B., & Ozdel, K. (2016). A study of the relationship between internet addiction, psychopathology and dysfunctional beliefs. Computers in Human Behavior,61, 532-536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.043 [12] Willoughby, M. (2018). A review of the risks associated with children and young people's social media use and the implications for social work practice. Journal of Social Work Practice,33(2), 127-140. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650533.2018.1460587
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Josifovikj, Ivica, and Igor Kambovski. "THE CHARTER OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND THE ACCESSION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION TO THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS – PROCEDURE, NEGOTIATIONS AND RECENT DEVELOPMENT." In "Social Changes in the Global World". Универзитет „Гоце Делчев“ - Штип, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46763/scgw211153j.
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Grad, Franc. "LOKALNA SAMOUPRAVA V REPUBLIKI SLOVENIJI S POSEBNIM OZIROM NA POLOŽAJ GLAVNEGA MESTA." In Političko-pravni i zakonski položaj Grada Sarajeva u sistemu lokalne samouprave u Bosni i Hercegovini: mogućnosti reforme nadležnosti i teritorijalne organizacije. Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/pi2022.204.06.
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Local self-government in Slovenia is comparable to local self-government in other Central European countries. The local self-government system is based on the Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia and the European Charter of Local Self-Government. It is particularly important that the Constitution guarantees local self-government in Slovenia, which cannot therefore be abolished. The legal regulation of local self-government is determined in the legislation, mainly by the Act on Local Self-Government, which systematically regulates local self-government. In addition to it, local self-government is regulated at the systemic level by the Municipal Financing Act and the Local Elections Act, as well as a series of laws that regulate individual areas of social life. The Local Self-Government Act defines the city municipality as a special type of municipality, which also includes the city of Ljubljana, which is defined by the constitution as the capital of the Republic of Slovenia. The legal status of the capital city is specifically determined in the special Act on the Capital City of Slovenia, which determines the position of Ljubljana as the capital. The law primarily determines the special tasks and duties of Ljubljana as the capital of Slov
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García-Pérez, Sergio, and Borja Ruiz-Apilánez Corrochano. "Spatial integration processes of mass housing estates. The case of Madrid." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5188.
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Deprived urban areas regeneration is one of the most important challenges of our cities, which interest is recognised by International Urban Guidelines (ONU), as well as Leipzig Charter and Toledo Declaration (European Union). At this respect, systematic analysis of built city obsolescence is crucial to propose improvement strategies. In particular, mass housing estates, characteristic urban form from modern urbanism, have been detected by several studies as one of the most vulnerable urban forms. Moreover, several studies had determined the systemic nature of problems that this urban form has develop, where physical, social, and economic dimension are strongly related. The low level of spatial integration of the housing estate in the city urban structure could be one of the problems and, in part, responsible of that urban obsolescence. In addition, fifty years after its construction, the continued growth of cities sometimes has modified initial conditions and consequently study the integration evolution of mass housing estates is needed. At this sense, it has been shown that Space Syntax methodology could be a useful tool. The aim of this study is, on the one hand, study criteria to apply Space Syntax methodology to the integration evolution study, and on the other hand, know the integration processes of mass housing estates to propose improvement strategies. Methodology includes, data collection and definition of analysis scenarios adapted to Spanish dataset, Space Syntax methodology in a evolutive approach in two stages: 1970s and 2010s, and interpretation of evolution results. The methodology is tested for Madrid mass housing estates.
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Alonso-Monasterio, Pau, and Laura Uixera Cotano. "Community School Museums as a tool for education." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15054.
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Community Schools Museums (COSMUS) is an initiative that has been developing an approach to school education from a perspective of multi-dimensional diversity, creativity and community involvement under the Erasmus+ programme in six different countries (Portugal, Greece, Italy, Romania, Poland and Turkey) and in different kinds of schools (arts, music, primary school, high school, VET).This initiative, relies on different educational and multicultural principles, such as the European Youth Charter on Inclusion and Diversity in Education or the European Education Area, and uses a combination of three dimensions that compose the new concept of Community School Museum.The first dimension refers to the local community in which each of the schools is located. This not only enhances concepts such as local traditions, society, or sense of belonging, but also connects with them and involves them in the school activity and curricula content.The second dimension is the school, where education curricula and physical space interact to support those types of knowledge that are essential to sustaining human development, using critical thinking, using creativity or cooperation to promote multicultural meanings.The third dimension is the museum, understood as a flexible tool acting as a communication channel (bi-directional), with elements that act as significance bearers. It uses the approach of learning by doing in order to learn to be, one of the four pillars of learning. It also employs the recommendations of the International Committee for Education and Cultural Action and applies the seven areas of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network.Results of the Community School Museum projects show a sound diversity of approaches, which points to the success of the methodology, given that diverse educational, social and cultural contexts give rise to diverse museum contents and designs. One of these results focuses on vernacular heritage.
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Davydenko, Nadiia, Svitlana Boiko, Alina Вuriak, and Inna Demianenko. "Development of rural areas through fiscal decentralization." In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.010.
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The ratification of the European Charter of Local Self-Government and the adoption of the Concept of the Reform of Local Self-Government and the Territorial Organization of Power in Ukraine in April, 2014 laid the groundwork for the approval of fiscal decentralization and the creation of fiscal frameworks for the development of rural areas. One of the defining conditions of fiscal decentralization is the provision of the local government with financial resources in an amount sufficient to perform their tasks for development of rural areas. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of rural development of Ukraine in terms of fiscal decentralization, identify the main problems, and present an argument for the directions towards enhancing the positive impact of fiscal decentralization on the social and economic development of rural areas. The methodological basis of the article is general scientific and special methods of research, in particular: economic and statistical; analysis and synthesis; tabular and graphical. The conducted research has made it possible to establish that the implementation of fiscal decentralization has resulted in greater interest of village council in increasing revenues to local budgets by transferring the right to receive more tax revenues and non-tax revenues, finding contingency local budgets, improving the efficiency of tax administration and fees. The study gives grounds for proposing approaches to increase the effectiveness of fiscal decentralization in the context of rural development, including expanding of the list of taxes and fees in budget revenues of united territorial community (e.g. corporate income tax, personal income tax, environmental tax); improving the mechanism for providing local budgets with inter-budget transfers from the State Budget of Ukraine; optimization of budget expenditures under the condition that a guaranteed and affordable level of public services is provided; increasing the accountability of local governments in order to prevent corruption; involvement of the population in active participation in development policy of rural areas.
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Held, Mateja, and Kristina Perkov. "SPATIAL PLANNING IN THE EU AND CROATIA UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC." In The recovery of the EU and strengthening the ability to respond to new challenges – legal and economic aspects. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/22445.
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Spatial planning is an interdisciplinary process dealing with practices of regulating and transforming the space, including experts from various fields such as lawyers, spatial and urban planners, geographers, civil engineers, economists, sociologists, etc. Spatial plans are general acts that arise due to the complex spatial planning process in which public participation is a necessary tool for transparent and legal procedure. They impact human rights due to their influence on a healthy environment, organization of life, quality of public services, green areas in the cities, etc. Spatial plans also deal with the economic aspect of investments, urban planning, and development of a particular territory. Cities are rapidly evolving and are characterized by density and overcrowded population, so the EU has a special interest in the adequate organization of the space. Consequences of the COVID- 19 pandemic have produced a need for a different land use regulation from the established one. New challenges for the Member State’s governments include regulation for the organization of life and everyday needs in 15 minutes’ walk areas (work, market, health care, school, kindergartens, public services, parks, etc.). Although the European Union does not have direct competence in spatial planning of each Member State, it has a strong influence on the Member States through regulations (for example, European Spatial Development Perspective, The New Leipzig Charter, etc. which provide a strong framework for good and sustainable urban governance) and practice, as well as through the financial support to the Member States. This paper has two main goals. The first aim of this paper is to analyse how the EU tries to overcome the consequences of the pandemic in the physical planning system (recommendations, guidelines, financial support, consulting, or others). We also aim to discover how the pandemic affected the process of adopting the spatial plans in the Member States on the example of Croatia in one case study. The paper is divided into several parts. After the introduction, the first part of the paper brings an overview of the spatial planning process in the EU and Croatia based on the analyses of the relevant EU and domestic regulations. Next part of the paper deals with the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the spatial planning at the EU level, and on the development and adoption of spatial plans in Croatia. This includes the duration of the process, restrictions, and new ways of public participation in the process of the development and adoption of spatial plans (for example online public presentations), the influence on economic development (investments in a building), social distancing, etc. Last part of the paper will contain a research of development and adoption of spatial plans under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper concludes with particular suggestions for improving the Croatian situation based on the good practices of the EU.