Academic literature on the topic 'European Services Industries Forum'
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Journal articles on the topic "European Services Industries Forum"
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Raza, Werner. "The WTO – a driving force for the liberalisation of public services in the EU?" Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 14, no. 2 (January 1, 2008): 277–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890801400208.
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Liberalisation of public services can be implemented not only through autonomous legislative action by individual countries, but also as a consequence of obligations arising from membership of supranational or international organisations. This article analyses how the process of the commodification of services at the level of the WTO, i.e. via the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), interacts with the politics of trade and services liberalisation in the European Union. Thus, we highlight the specific role of services negotiations in the WTO for the political dynamics of liberalising public services in the EU. Our conclusions highlight three specific functions of the GATS agreement: first, it serves as an institutional mechanism to ‘lock-in’ liberalisations achieved at a national or European level, secondly, it exercises a disciplinary effect on national regulation, and, thirdly, it provides an additional platform for the application of forum-shifting in the politics of international trade.
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Larçon, Jean-Paul, and Corinne Vadcar. "Belt and Road in Ethiopia and China’s African Ambition." China and the World 04, no. 02 (May 17, 2021): 2150007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2591729321500073.
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China–Ethiopia economic cooperation in the period of 2000–2020 is marked by the convergence between the industrial policy of Ethiopia, the orientations of the Forum on China–Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), and the infrastructure development strategy which is the cornerstone of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). China, the largest foreign investor in Ethiopia during this period, has had a major role in terms of investment and financing in the energy sector and the transportation infrastructure: Addis Ababa Airport, roads, railway, seaport terminal, and gas pipeline. The flagship project — the Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway — connecting Addis Ababa to Djibouti City and Djibouti’s Doraleh Container Terminal, inaugurated in 2018, provided landlocked Ethiopia with a good connection between the hinterland and the seaport: the economic corridor accounts for more than 95% of Ethiopia’s foreign trade. The development of Ethiopian Industrial Parks on the model of Chinese Special Economic Zones (SEZs) was the second pillar of the strategy of development of an export-oriented manufacturing sector. Chinese companies operating in Ethiopian Industrial Parks in the textile and leather industries have been pioneering this activity contributing to Ethiopia’s participation in the Global Value Chains (GVCs). Ethiopian government is also planning the development of agro-industrial parks specialized in added-value agricultural products such as coffee or cut flowers exported to Europe via Addis Ababa Airport and Ethiopian Airlines Cargo. Ethiopia’s main challenges in that direction are the necessity to go up the value chain to further penetrate European markets and, most likely, to identify the products or services which could be integrated into the African markets in the new context of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) agreement that entered into force in January 2021.
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Wang, Guiguo, and Rajesh Sharma. "The International Commercial Dispute Prevention and Settlement Organization: A Global Laboratory of Dispute Resolution with an Asian Flavor." AJIL Unbound 115 (2021): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aju.2020.82.
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The Second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation announced the establishment of the International Commercial Dispute Prevention and Settlement Organization (ICDPASO) in 2019. The ICDPASO was coordinated by the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade and the China Chamber of International Commerce, together with industrial and commercial organizations and legal service agencies from over thirty countries and regions including the European Union, Italy, Singapore, Russia, Belgium, Mexico, Malaysia, Poland, Bulgaria, and Myanmar. It was launched on 15 October 2020. As its title indicates, ICDPASO's mandate to provide dispute resolution services is not confined to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries but includes resolving any disputes that the parties entrust to its jurisdiction. The ICDPASO aims to serve as a “legal hub” to resolve commercial and investment disputes effectively, efficiently, and practically. Unlike other multilateral dispute resolution forums, it is intended to provide an Asian-centric multilateral dispute resolution forum. This essay, the first on the subject of the ICDPASO, discusses how the ICDPASO can serve as a global laboratory for experimenting and innovating in dispute resolution with the potential to impact the landscape of international law, in particular its innovative use of mediation, good offices, and appeal processes to prevent and resolve disputes arising from the BRI. As BRI projects aim to establish infrastructure and digital connectivity within BRI countries and regions for trade and development, this essay argues that the dispute resolution process under the ICDPASO should take into account the overall development of a country or region. The essay concludes that the ICDPASO will be a game changer by introducing an Asian way of resolving disputes.
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Odinokova, Tatyana. "Tourism cluster as a form of innovation activity." Economics ecology socium 3, no. 2 (June 20, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2019.3.2-1.
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Introduction. At the moment, innovation development is among key priorities in the development of Latvian economy. According to European Innovation Scoreboard assessment, Latvia joined the group of Moderate Innovators in 2016. However, its level of innovation effectiveness only reached 54% of the average EU index. That said, it has to be noted that enterprises that are innovation active in the service industry only account for 23.4%. In view of this, diverse forms of innovation activity and clusters in particular, have become more and more relevant. In 2006 European Competitiveness Council defined clusters as one of nine priorities aimed to promote and develop innovations. According to the European Commission, clustering is a key factor for successful innovation and enhanced competitiveness.
Aim and tasks. The subject matter of this article are tourism clusters as a type of innovation activity.
Results. Scientific research as well as practical experience of a number of countries have shown that cluster approach in tourism business is an effective instrument to enhance competitiveness both nationwide and at the level of an industry.At the present time, entrepreneurs are facing serious difficulty in converting ideas into new products and services. This is true of the national economy as a whole as well as particular industries. That said, the primary objective is the development and implementation of a program aimed at the cooperation of a wide range of social partners involved in innovation activity, who are capable of facilitating the enhancement of economic effectiveness.
Conclusions. The development of tourism sectoris regarded as a priority of Latvian economy. According to Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia, tourism is a major factor of Latvia’s economic development, an important source of export revenue, and a key factor of GDP growth. The development of Latvian tourism industry is part and parcel of global tourism market. Latvia has a strong potential for the development of business and health tourism. However, Latvia’s climate, its geographic position and the lack of world-famous architecture have an unfavorable effect on its tourism development opportunities. This is the reason why it is essential for Latvia to spur innovative activity in tourism industry with a focus on clustering. Creation of new clusters in tourism industry, such as business tourism cluster as an example, as well as the implementation of formerly declared goals related to the existing clusters, will help to meet some of the objectives.
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Garrone, Paola. "Network subscription and services usage in European telecommunications industries." Information Economics and Policy 8, no. 1 (March 1996): 25–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6245(95)00011-9.
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Lehmann, Klaus-Dieter. "European National Libraries and the CoBRA Forum of the EU Libraries Programme." Alexandria: The Journal of National and International Library and Information Issues 8, no. 3 (December 1996): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095574909600800302.
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The Conference of European National Librarians (CENL), conscious of its responsibility both to preserve and to provide access to books and information in an increasingly electronic world, is involved in two extensive European Commission (EC) programmes to serve these ends. These are managed by a Forum of eight national libraries. The first is CoBRA (Computer and Bibliographic Record Actions), which established four task groups to study respectively improved European bibliographic services, user needs for bibliographic products, networked record distribution and re-use, and promotion of data sharing. Three new task groups are looking at new models for bibliographic services, networked national bibliographic services, and the long-term availability of electronic publications. A new programme called CoBRA+ is due to run through 1996 and 1997; as well as continuing CoBRA work it is widening its focus to include collection-based services, with emphasis on resource sharing, user needs and the use of communications networks. There are two main task groups, one concerned with the area of metadata and bibliographic access, the other with electronic publications and digital resources, including legal deposit and storage. Eight specific projects, ranging from networking name authority files to the development of a new relationship between publishers and national bibliographic agencies for the control of electronic publications, are briefly described.
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van Ark, Bart, Robert Inklaar, Robert H. McGuckin, and Marcel P. Timmer. "The Employment Effects of the ‘New Economy’. A Comparison of the European Union and the United States." National Institute Economic Review 184 (April 2003): 86–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0027950103184001008.
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This paper provides an analysis of the trends in labour productivity and employment growth at industry level in the European Union and the United States during the 1990s. We analyse relationships for groups of industries, i.e. industries that produce ICT products and services, those that invest strongly in ICT, and those that make less intensive use of ICT. The main findings are that the inverse relationship between employment and productivity growth has been much more prominent in manufacturing industries than in services industries. Secondly, during the 1990s, this relationship has turned positive in many industries, in particular in ICT-producing industries and in ICT-using industries in the service sector. Finally, the employment-reducing effects of productivity growth have remained considerably stronger in Europe than in the US.
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Kovács, Levente, and Sandor David. "Fraud risk in electronic payment transactions." Journal of Money Laundering Control 19, no. 2 (May 3, 2016): 148–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmlc-09-2015-0039.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is the timely review of regulations on the security of electronic payments, payment innovations and their vulnerabilities and discussing the recommendations elaborated by the European Forum on the Security of Retail Payments. Design/methodology/approach First, the article presents a serious fraud case which happened in the Hungarian banking system. This case demonstrates all risks associated with the security of payment channels being used. Next, the article examines those international SecuRe Pay Forum recommendations which target the elimination of such fraud risks. Finally, the article compares current domestic regulations with these recommendations. Findings The fraud incidents and the speed of penetration of new fraud techniques and methods caught the attention of payment service providers, customers, supervisors and overseers. The result of their cooperation is the European Forum on the Security of Retail Payments. The forum elaborated three sets of recommendations on security of Internet payments, payment account access services and mobile payments, which are missing elements of the present Hungarian and pan-European regulations. Both domestic and international regulators should build on the revised Payment Services Directive and the recommendations in question, to avoid fraud incidents like the one this article initially portrayed. Originality/value The article presents a specific, true case which took place in Hungary in 2014.
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Wyszkowska‑Kuna, Joanna. "Productivity Performance of the Service Sectors in European Union Countries." Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 22, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cer-2019-0029.
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Economic development has resulted in structural transformation towards economies based on services, which has raised some concerns about the limited opportunities for sustaining productivity growth. The aim of this paper is to examine total factor productivity (TFP) growth in the service sector in comparison with total industries and the manufacturing sector, as well as within the service sector. The study is based on the data from the EU‑KLEMS database (2017), and it covers the years 1995–2015. It refers to EU countries, making it possible to carry out a comparative analysis between countries, in particular between the ‘old’ and ‘new’ member states. The study demonstrates that productivity growth in services was significantly lower than in manufacturing, but compared with total industries, the disparity was not significant. Productivity growth was usually higher in the ‘new’ EU countries than in the ‘old’ ones, except for information and communications services, which, on the whole, were the main driving force behind the productivity growth in services.
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Parkhomenko, I. I. "THE CONCEPT OF CULTURAL AND CREATIVE INDUSTRIES IN THE EUROPEAN ACADEMIC FIELD AND POLICIES OF THE EU AND GREAT BRITAIN." UKRAINIAN CULTURAL STUDIES, no. 1 (2017): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/ucs.2017.1.16.
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Current European integration course in Ukraine requires rethinking Ukrainian scientific and policies meaning of the cultural sphere as the set of cultural industries, which produce and distribute goods or services with special cultural value, irrespective of the commercial value they may have. According to the main UN Resolutions, UNESCO Conventions and legal activity of the European Commission since 90th of XX century cultural assets are considered to be - an instrument and resource of economic, cultural and social sustainable development of states, cities and regions. New conditions require scientific methods for modelling Ukrainian cultural industries, identification of the priority industries. Besides the concept of cultural industries European scientists and governmental officials, use the concept of creative industries, especially, for the policymaking. All that show the need for clarification of these concepts in Ukrainian scientific field and policies making practice for governmental purposes. The purpose of this article is to study the meaning of the concepts of cultural and creative industries according to the European scientific discourse and policies making documents in the EU and the UK. The article shows that modern European scientists do not use the tradition of critical interpretation of the cultural industry, which was offered by representatives of the Frankfurt School in the mid-twentieth century. Scientists improve concepts to identify the sphere of culture as an economic reality, which is reflected in the specific governmental documents of the UK, the EU and UNESCO for policies making to improve sustainable development. The models of cultural and creative industries offer a logic of distinction according to the basis of the value component: the output of the creative activity has utility that is more functional for the consumers; it could be a component of the production of other industries, not only cultural industries. Cultural output has cultural value. The purpose of the creative industries is to produce goods and services for the commercial trade. Cultural industries produce cultural content, which embodies or conveys cultural expressions.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "European Services Industries Forum"
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LIETAERT, Matthieu. "Building EU Trade Governance. The European Commission and Non-State Actors in External Trade in Services Policy." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/17694.
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Defence date: 26 October 2009Examining Board: David Coen (UCL), Martin Rhodes (University of Denver, formerly EUI) (Supervisor), Sven Steinmo (EUI), Bastiaan van Apeldoorn (VU Amsterdam)
First made available online: 29 July 2021
This thesis contributes to the literature on EU studies by analysing how and why the European Union adopted a new trade agenda in the mid-1990s that departed from previous policies. While the EU was focused largely on its internal market from the mid-1980s onwards, external trade strategy became a key item on the agenda a decade later, wrapped in a more aggressive and free-market stance. I argue that the European Commission rather than the EU member-states was the key player in the decade that followed the signature of the Uruguay Round, and introduced services into trade negotiations. More precisely, based on empirical data from the years when Leon Brittan (1994-1999) and Pascal Lamy (1999-2004) presided as EU Trade Commissioners, the thesis analyses the European Commission’s central role as a skilful ‘network creator’ both in pushing for, and legitimising, an expansion of the free-trade agenda from goods to services. However, this research also argues that the Commission did not act alone, and that different kinds of non-state actors must also be analysed in order to understand changing EU trade governance at the dawn of the 21st century.
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MCDERMOTT, Brian. "The "rough guide" to the European financial services industry : its evolution, traditions and future prospects, in the light of the European Community's 1992 programme." Doctoral thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5598.
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VAN, LEEUWEN Barend. "Paradoxes of convergence : European standardisation of services and its impact on private law." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/35521.
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Defence date: 13 April 2015Examining Board: Professor Hans-W. Micklitz, EUI (Supervisor); Professor Stefan Grundmann, EUI; Professor Catherine Barnard, Trinity College, University of Cambridge; Professor Carla Sieburgh, Radboud Universiteit.
This thesis analyses European standardisation of services and its impact on private law. It tells a story of two paradoxes. First of all, the EU – in particular, the European Commission – would like European standardisation of services to improve the internal market for services. However, it is not actually taking any steps to guarantee that European standardisation of services facilitates free movement of services. With the New Approach for goods, European standardisation of goods has been made a tool for internal-market building. Such a regulatory approach has not been developed for European standardisation of services. As a result, it is difficult for the EU to exercise control over the reasons of stakeholders to start working on European services standards. An analysis of European standardisation in the healthcare and tourism sectors shows that parties start making European services standards for various reasons, which often have little to do with the improvement of the internal market. Therefore, the Commission cannot rely on European standardisation as a regulatory strategy to improve free movement of services. Secondly, because there is no European regulatory framework in which European services standards play a clear role, the parties which make European services standards become responsible for their application in law. They want their standards to play a role in private law – in particular, in contract law and in certification schemes. However, although stakeholders want European services standards to be applied in private law, they do not really care about the requirements which are imposed by private law. European services standards are not adopted in a legal vacuum – they regularly interact and clash with existing legal regulation. There is a real risk that European services standards might contain provisions which breach the free movement and competition law provisions. This will prevent their successful application in private law.
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Krenz, Astrid. "Essays on Industrial and Services Sectors' Agglomeration in the European Union." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-AFD3-6.
Full textBooks on the topic "European Services Industries Forum"
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Mary, Gregory, Salverda Wiemer, and Schettkat Ronald, eds. Services and employment: Explaining the U.S.-European gap. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007.
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T, Du Preez G., and Coetzer P. W, eds. Security forum. Durban: Butterworths, 1991.
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European Commission. Directorate-General for Industry (DGIII)., ed. Business services in European industry: Growth, employment, and competitiveness. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1999.
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Regulating services in the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.
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Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development., ed. Services in Central and Eastern European countries. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1991.
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Jean, Waelbroeck, Praet Peter, Rieger Hans Christoph, and Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ASEAN Economic Research Unit., eds. ASEAN-EEC trade in services. Singapore: ASEAN Economic Research Unit, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1985.
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Peter, Zweifel, ed. Services in Switzerland: Structure, performance, and implications of European economic integration. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1993.
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(Program), FAST, ed. Economic, technological, and locational trends in European services. Aldershot, Hants, England: Avebury, 1988.
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John, Child. Information technology in European services: Towards a microelectronic future. Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 1990.
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John, Child. Information technology in European services: Towards a microelectronic future. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1990.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "European Services Industries Forum"
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Resmini, Laura. "FDI in Services in European Regions: An Overview." In Service Industries and Regions, 159–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35801-2_7.
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Crespi, Francesco. "IT Services and Productivity in European Industries." In Business Services in European Economic Growth, 116–27. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230228795_7.
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Boix, Rafael, Blanca De-Miguel-Molina, and José Luis Hervas-Oliver. "The Importance of Creative Services Firms in Explaining the Wealth of European Regions." In Service Industries and Regions, 387–406. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35801-2_16.
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Baker, Paul. "The Impact of Business-Services Use on Client Industries: Evidence from Input-Output Data." In Business Services in European Economic Growth, 97–115. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230228795_6.
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Taylor, Peter J., Michael Hoyler, and Simón Sánchez-Moral. "European Cities in Globalization: A Comparative Analysis Based on the Location Strategies of Advanced Producer Services." In Service Industries and Regions, 285–304. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35801-2_12.
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Delgado-Márquez, Blanca L., and Marcos M. García-Velasco. "Geographical Distribution and Regional Specialization of Knowledge-Intensive Business Services: An Empirical Investigation Across European Regions." In Service Industries and Regions, 305–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35801-2_13.
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Kerneis, Pascal. "Lobbyists’ Appeal and Access to Decision-Makers: Case Study European Services Forum." In Lobbying in the European Union, 105–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98800-9_8.
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Tardieu, Hubert. "Role of Gaia-X in the European Data Space Ecosystem." In Designing Data Spaces, 41–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93975-5_4.
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AbstractThe Gaia-X project was initiated in 2019 by the German and French Ministers of Economy to ensure that companies would not lose control of their industrial data when it is hosted by non-EU cloud service providers.Since then, Gaia-X holds an international association presence in Belgium with more than 334 members, representing both users and providers across 20 countries and 16 national hubs and 5 candidate countries.The Association aims to increase the adoption of cloud services and accelerate data exchanges by European businesses through the facilitation of business data sovereignty with jointly approved (user and provider) policy rules on data portability and interoperability.Although for many enterprises, data sovereignty is seen as a prerequisite for using the cloud, a significant driver to boost the digital economy in business is incentivizing business data sharing. Two decades of cost optimization have constrained business value creation, driving many companies to neglect the opportunity to create shared value within a wider industry ecosystem.Now, thanks to the participation of large numbers of cloud users in the domains of Finance, Health, Energy, Automotive, Travel Aeronautics, Manufacturing, Agriculture, and Mobility, among others, Gaia-X is ideally positioned to help industries define appropriate data spaces and identify/develop compelling use cases, which can then be jointly deployed to a compliant-by-design platform architecture under the Gaia-X specifications, trust, and labeling frameworks.The creation of national Gaia-X hubs that act as independent think tanks, ambassadors, or influencers of the Association further facilitates the emergence of new data spaces and use/enabler cases at a country level, before these are subsequently extended to a European scope and beyond. Gaia-X partners share the view that data spaces will play a similar role in digital business as the web played 40 years ago to help the Internet take off.The Gaia-X Working Groups are at the core of the Gaia-X discussions and deliverables. There are three committees: the Technical, the Policies and Rules, and the Data Spaces and Business.The Technical Committee focus on key architectural elements and their evolution, such as and not limited to: Identity and Access Management: bridge the traditional X509 realm and new SSI realm, creating a decentralized network of identity federations Service Composition: how to assemble services in order to create new services with higher added value Self-Description: how to build digital trust at scale with measurable and comparable criteria The Policy and Rules Committee creates the deliverables required to develop the Gaia-X framework (compliance requirements, labels and qualification processes, credentials matrix, contractual agreements, etc.): The Labels and Qualification working group defines the E2E process for labels and qualification, from defining and evolving the levels of label, the process for defining new labels, and identifying and certifying existing CABS. The Credentials and Trust Anchors working group will develop and maintain a matrix of credentials and their verification methods to enable the implementation of compliance through automation, contractual clauses, certifications, or other methods. The Compliance working group collects compliance requirements from all sources to build a unique compliance requirements pool. The Data Spaces Business Committee helps the Association expanding and accelerating the creation of new Gaia-X service in the market: The Finance working group focuses on business modeling and supports the project office of the Association. The Technical working group analyzes the technical requirements from a business perspective. The Operational Requirements working group is the business requirements unit. The Hub working groups hold close contact with all Gaia-X Hubs and support the collection and creation of the Gaia-X use and business cases. These working groups maintain the international list of all use cases and data spaces and coordinate the Hubs.
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Mitolo, Nicola, Paolo Nesi, Gianni Pantaleo, and Michela Paolucci. "Snap4City Platform to Speed Up Policies." In Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions, 103–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57764-3_7.
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AbstractIn the development of smart cities, there is a great emphasis on setting up so-called Smart City Control Rooms, SCCR. This paper presents Snap4City as a big data smart city platform to support the city decision makers by means of SCCR dashboards and tools reporting in real time the status of several of a city’s aspects. The solution has been adopted in European cities such as Antwerp, Florence, Lonato del Garda, Pisa, Santiago, etc., and it is capable of covering extended geographical areas around the cities themselves: Belgium, Finland, Tuscany, Sardinia, etc. In this paper, a major use case is analyzed describing the workflow followed, the methodologies adopted and the SCCR as the starting point to reproduce the same results in other smart cities, industries, research centers, etc. A Living Lab working modality is promoted and organized to enhance the collaboration among municipalities and public administration, stakeholders, research centers and the citizens themselves. The Snap4City platform has been realized respecting the European Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and it is capable of processing every day a multitude of periodic and real-time data coming from different providers and data sources. It is therefore able to semantically aggregate the data, in compliance with the Km4City multi-ontology and manage data: (i) having different access policies; and (ii) coming from traditional sources such as Open Data Portals, Web services, APIs and IoT/IoE networks. The aggregated data are the starting point for the services offered not only to the citizens but also to the public administrations and public-security service managers, enabling them to view a set of city dashboards ad hoc composed on their needs, for example, enabling them to modify and monitor public transportation strategies, offering the public services actually needed by citizens and tourists, monitor the air quality and traffic status to establish, if impose or not, traffic restrictions, etc. All the data and the new knowledge produced by the data analytics of the Snap4City platform can also be accessed, observing the permissions on each kind of data, thanks to the presence of an APIs complex system.
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Chochliouros, Ioannis, Anastasia S. Spiliopoulou, and Stergios P. Chochliouros. "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) Evolution." In Encyclopedia of Multimedia Technology and Networking, Second Edition, 391–401. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-014-1.ch053.
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Achieving widespread access by all European citizens to new services and advanced applications of the information society is one of the crucial goals of the European Union’s (EU) strategic framework for the future. Towards realizing this primary target, multiple access platforms are expected to become available, using different access methods for delivery of services (and of related digital content) to a wide variety of end-user terminals, thus creating an “always-on” and properly “converged” technological and business environment, all able to support and to promote innovation and growth (Commission of the European Communities, 2005). The result will be a “complementarity” of services and markets in an increasingly sophisticated way. Economic and technology choices imply certain networks for certain service options. As these networks become more powerful, the temptation is to adapt certain characteristics of the network technology to make it suitable for modern services. The challenge is to build “bridges” or “links” between the different convergent technologies without undermining the business models on which they are built. In such a context, converging technology means that innovative systems and services are under development with inputs, contributions, and traditions from multiple industries, including telecommunications, broadcasting, Internet service provision, computer and software industries, and media and publishing industries, where the significance of standardization and interoperability can be fundamental. In any case, digital technology can offer the potential for realizing the future electronic information highways or integrated broadband communications. However, for the multiplatform environment to proliferate in liberalized markets and for the platforms themselves to complement each other, the related prerequisites and the governing regulatory environment must favor technologically neutral conditions for competition, without giving preference to one platform over others (Chochliouros & Spiliopoulou, 2005a). Among the latest European priorities for further development of the information society sector as described above were several efforts for extending the role of digital television based on a multiplatform approach (European Commission, 2002a). If widely implemented, digital (interactive) television may complement existing PC- and Internet-based access, thus offering a potential alternative for market evolution (Chochliouros, Spiliopoulou, Chochliouros, & Kaloxylos, 2006). In particular, following current market trends, digital television and third generation (3G) mobile systems driven by commonly adopted standards can open up significant possibilities for a variety of platform access to services, offering great features of substitution and complementarity. The same option holds for the supporting networks as well (European Commission, 2003a). Within the above fast developing and fully evolutionary context, the thematic objective of digital video broadcasting (DVB) applications (including both the underlying network infrastructures and corresponding services offered) can influence a great variety of areas (http://www.dvb.org). In particular, DVB stands as a suite of internationally accepted open standards, mainly related to digital television- and data-oriented applications. These standards (in most cases already tested and adopted in the global marketplace) are maintained by the so-called DVB Project, an industry-driven consortium with more than 300 distinct members, and they are officially published by a joint technical committee (JTC) of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC), and the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). The existing DVB standards cover all aspects of digital television, that is, from transmission through interfacing, conditional access, and interactivity for digital video, audio, and data. In particular, DVB not only includes the transmission and distribution of television program material in digital format over various media, but also a choice of associated features (considered for exploiting capabilities of all underlying technologies). However, market benefits can be best achieved if a “harmonized” approach, based on a longterm perspective, is adopted since the beginning of all corresponding efforts, intending to facilitate a progressive development towards new (and more advanced) services in a smooth and compatible manner (Oxera, 2003). An essential precondition for this progress is the adoption, in the market sector, of common standards which, while providing necessary clarity for both producers and consumers in the short term for early introduction of digital television facilities, also supply the potential for subsequent smooth upgrading to new and higher grades of service. Thus, in the framework of competitive and liberalized environments DVB can support major efforts for the penetration (and the effective adoption) of enhanced multimedia-based services (Fenger & Elwood-Smith, 2000) independently of the type and/or format of the content offered while simultaneously promoting broadband opportunities. Furthermore, being fully conformant to the requirements imposed by convergence’s aspect, DVB can advance optimized solutions for different technical communications platforms. The European market has been widely developed in the area of (interactive) digital television (Chochliouros et al., 2006; European Commission, 2003b) and the EU is now leading further deployment through DVB procedures. The focus provided by a common set of technical standards and specifications has given a market advantage and spurred the appearance of innovation perspectives. Baseband: 1) In radio communications systems, the range of frequencies, starting at 0 Hz (DC) and extending up to an upper frequency as required to carry information in electronic form, such as a bitstream, before it is modulated onto a carrier in transmission or after it is demodulated from a carrier in reception. 2) In cable communications, such as those of a local area network (LAN), a method whereby signals are transmitted without prior frequency conversion.
Conference papers on the topic "European Services Industries Forum"
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Janosch, Jean-Jacques, Michel Huther, Nigel Taylor, Steve Maddox, and Mustafa Kocak. "European Fitness-for-Service Network (FITNET): Fatigue Module Development." In ASME 2005 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2005-67565.
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FITNET is a four-year European thematic network with the objective of developing and extending the use of fitness-for-service (FFS) procedures for welded and non-welded metallic structures throughout Europe. It is partly funded by the European Commission within the fifth framework program and it was launched in February 2002. The network currently consists of about 50 organisations from 17 European countries and supported by institutions from USA, Japan and Korea. Further information can be found in the FITNET TN website: http://www.eurofitnet.org. The FITNET FFS Procedure is built up in four major analysis modules namely fracture, fatigue, creep and corrosion. The first official draft is available in early 2006 in the form of an official CEN document. Industrial components are as a rule exposed to fluctuating loads and hence consideration of fatigue damages accumulation or of fatigue crack growth is a critical issue. The aim of this paper is to present the features and the main analysis routes of the FITNET FFE Fatigue Module of the FITNET FFS Procedure to assess the fatigue life of the load carrying metallic components manufactured with and without welds. The paper includes an industrial case from ship structure for the application of two fatigue assessment routes.
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Koc¸ak, Mustafa. "Fitness for Service Analysis of Structures Using the FITNET Procedure: An Overview." In ASME 2005 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2005-67564.
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A number of Fitness-for-Service (FFS) procedures (include analytical methods) have been specifically developed and used to address the components of a particular industrial sector. A number of industrial sectors, such as nuclear power, petrochemical, offshore, aerospace or pipeline girth weld applications have established FFS standards in place for the assessment of flaws found in-service. Some methods for design and remaining life assessments of fatigue-loaded structures are still unduly conservative in different loading regimes. Hence, there is still a need to generate a general purpose, unified, comprehensive and updated FFS methodology in Europe by covering four major failure modes (fracture, fatigue, creep and corrosion) in metallic load bearing components with or without welds. As a result, the European Community funded the project FITNET in the form of a Thematic Network (TN) organisation to review the existing FFS procedures and develop an updated, unified and verified European FITNET FFS Procedure to cover structural integrity analysis to avoid failures due to fracture, fatigue, creep and corrosion. FITNET TN is a four year project with the objective of developing and extending the use of FITNET FFS Procedure for welded and non-welded metallic structures throughout Europe. It is partly funded by the European Commission within the fifth framework programme and launched at February 2002. The network currently consists of 50 organisations from 16 European and three non-European countries representing various industrial sectors and academia. Further information can be found in the FITNET TN website: http://www.eurofitnet.org. FITNET Fitness-for-Service analysis of engineering structures aims to provide better design principles, support for fabrication of new components, prevention of service failures due to fracture, fatigue, creep and corrosion damages (no coverage of structural instability due to buckling). FITNET FFS criteria can be used to establish the size limits for defects in various engineering structures and can provide substantial cost savings in operating such structures. The use of the FITNET FFS Procedure involves making an assessment of a component containing a defect to ensure its structural integrity for its intended design life or until its next inspection period. The outcome of the assessment of a component in service is a decision to operate as is, repair, monitor (including re-setting of inspection intervals), or replace. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the objectives and technical content of the FITNET FFS Procedure currently developed and validated by the European Fitness for Service Network FITNET and hence inform the offshore technical community.
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Tavella, P., I. Sesia, G. Cerretto, G. Signorile, D. Calonico, R. Costa, C. Clivati, et al. "Experimental time dissemination services based on European GNSS signals: The H2020 DEMETRA project." In 2016 European Frequency and Time Forum (EFTF). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eftf.2016.7477820.
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Calonico, Davide, Josef Vojtech, Mauro Campanella, Ondrej Cip, Simon Rerucha, Ronald Holzwarth, Maurice Lessing, et al. "The H2020 European project CLONETS: Clock services over optical-fibre networks in Europe." In 2018 European Frequency and Time Forum (EFTF). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eftf.2018.8409050.
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Lang, Stefan, Annett Frick, Birgen Haest, Oliver Buck, Jeroen Vanden Borre, Michael Foerster, and Lena Pernkopf. "Fostering Sustainability in European Nature Conservation NATURA 2000 Habitat Monitoring based on Earth Observation Services." In The 1st World Sustainability Forum. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wsf-00724.
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Tavella, P., I. Sesia, G. Cerretto, G. Signorile, D. Calonico, R. Costa, C. Clivati, et al. "The H2020 european project DEMETRA: Experimental time services based on European GNSS signals." In 2017 Joint Conference of the European Frequency and Time Forum and IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium ((EFTF/IFC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fcs.2017.8088930.
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Motarjemi, A. K., and M. Koc¸ak. "Fracture Assessment of a Clad Steel Using the SINTAP Defect Assessment Procedure." In ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2002-1101.
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In many critical industries such as nuclear, chemical and petrochemical industries, bi-material components in the form of clad plates are used due to their superior environmental and mechanical properties. During the service life of these bi-material components, cracks or crack-like defects may develop in the clad layer and penetrate into the substrate. The assessment of the integrity of such a cracked as well as complex structure would be an important task. Hence, this study is aimed at applying the recently developed European Structural Integrity Assessment Procedure (SINTAP) to a through thickness centre cracked clad steel wide plate to validate the procedure for this type of bi-material structure. Based on the available input data, various assessment levels as well as two different assessment routes, namely crack driving force (CDF) and failure assessment diagram (FAD), can be used for predicting the failure loads. In principle both routes should provide similar results and this has been verified by having very similar results for both SINTAP routes. Furthermore, the degree of conservatism has been reduced by using higher analysis levels of SINTAP.
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Dogan, Bilal, and Thomas Hyde. "Industrial Application of Small Punch Testing for In-Service Component Condition Assessment: An Overview." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78691.
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The Sampling and Small Punch testing (SPT) is a powerful technique based on tests using miniaturized specimens machined out small sampled material of components in service. At present, it is the only existing method capable of providing experimental characterization of service exposed materials of components and materials of new built plants. Small sampling is non-invasive and SPT provides direct measured material properties. It provides a significant technology capability that facilitates assessing power plant operating equipment for structural integrity and operational condition. The new method provides utility members an attractive option to interrogate equipment for making run/inspect/repair/replace decisions. The SPT technique supported by assessment software, NDE and Metallography, used to define guidelines for components life assessment cross the power generation and petro-chemical sectors, serving both utilities, and constructors. It addresses the industrial need for personalized material and welds data required for a) lifing of plant; consumed life and residual life of components, b) convenience of repairing, replacing, life of the new welds on old components, c) cost of component deterioration, cost of normal service, d) characterizations and qualifications of blade repairs, of coating materials-methods. The first international SPT workshop was organized in June 27–28, 2011 in Nottingham, UK in order to discuss the state-of-the art SPT Creep and Fracture, and the draft CEN Cope of Practice (COP). The International SPT Experts Group serves as international forum for discussion and collaboration of industrial application of SPT methodology for in-service component life assessment. It is noted the draft CEN COP needs to be revised. Presently, European, Japanese and Indian national SPT project groups are running SPT tests and working on analysis programs. The present paper reports on a) the use of SPT in materials and component characterization, and b) drafted technical program by the international experts group to harmonize international efforts on SPT testing and analysis for efficiency and cost effectiveness. The draft program to bring the SPT methodology to standardization and develop an engineering component condition assessment tool for industrial application.
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Koc¸ak, Mustafa, Eduard Seib, and Afshin Motarjemi. "Improvements to the Fracture Assessment of Welds Using FITNET Fitness for Service Assessment Procedure." In ASME 2005 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2005-67568.
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Recent developments of the advanced welding processes such as laser beam welding (LBW), solid state friction stir welding (FSW) and hybrid welding, numbers of advanced structures are being designed and constructed in industries such as aerospace, power generation, oil and gas transmission and transportation. Development of new structural aluminum and magnesium alloys as well as high strength steels provide further possibilities for the welded structures in similar and dissimilar (material-mix) configurations. Consequently, there is an increasing demand for “Fitness-for-Service” (FFS) assessment of those advanced welded structures by considering the specific features of these weld joints (such as narrow weld width, high strength mis-match, etc.). In year 1999, Structural Integrity Assessment Procedure SINTAP has been developed for analysis of flaws to avoid fracture within the European Commission funded project SINTAP. Recently, the European Community funded project FITNET in the form of a Thematic Network (TN) organisation has started to review the existing FFS procedures and develop an updated, unified and verified European FITNET FFS Procedure to cover structural integrity analysis to avoid failures due to fracture, fatigue, creep and corrosion. This new FFS Procedure has adopted the SINTAP approach for assessing of the welded structures. This paper describes the FITNET FFS weld assessment route and also aims to demonstrate suitability of weld joint assessment route of the FITNET FFS Procedure in prediction of the critical conditions of various advanced welded joints containing flaw. The welded specimens used in this work cover conventional multi-pass welded Inconel-718 turbine blade (T-joint), center cracked wide plates of electron beam welded 13% Cr supermartensitic stainless steel, laser beam welded shipbuilding C-Mn steel and aluminum alloy. The results are showing that the weld strength mismatch analysis option of the FITNET FFS is conservative and degree of conservatism is similar to the analysis options for the homogeneous materials. This provides confidence in the use of the FITNET FFS procedure for assessing of the structural significance of flaws in welded structures.
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Krehlik, Przemyslaw, Lukasz Sliwczynski, Jiri Dostal, Jan Radil, Vladimir Smotlacha, Radek Velc, Josef Vojtech, et al. "CLONETS – Clock network services strategy and innovation for clock services over optical-fibre networks." In 2017 Joint Conference of the European Frequency and Time Forum and IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium ((EFTF/IFC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fcs.2017.8089004.
Full textReports on the topic "European Services Industries Forum"
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Jones, Emily, Beatriz Kira, Anna Sands, and Danilo B. Garrido Alves. The UK and Digital Trade: Which way forward? Blavatnik School of Government, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-wp-2021/038.
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The internet and digital technologies are upending global trade. Industries and supply chains are being transformed, and the movement of data across borders is now central to the operation of the global economy. Provisions in trade agreements address many aspects of the digital economy – from cross-border data flows, to the protection of citizens’ personal data, and the regulation of the internet and new technologies like artificial intelligence and algorithmic decision-making. The UK government has identified digital trade as a priority in its Global Britain strategy and one of the main sources of economic growth to recover from the pandemic. It wants the UK to play a leading role in setting the international standards and regulations that govern the global digital economy. The regulation of digital trade is a fast-evolving and contentious issue, and the US, European Union (EU), and China have adopted different approaches. Now that the UK has left the EU, it will need to navigate across multiple and often conflicting digital realms. The UK needs to decide which policy objectives it will prioritise, how to regulate the digital economy domestically, and how best to achieve its priorities when negotiating international trade agreements. There is an urgent need to develop a robust, evidence-based approach to the UK’s digital trade strategy that takes into account the perspectives of businesses, workers, and citizens, as well as the approaches of other countries in the global economy. This working paper aims to inform UK policy debates by assessing the state of play in digital trade globally. The authors present a detailed analysis of five policy areas that are central to discussions on digital trade for the UK: cross-border data flows and privacy; internet access and content regulation; intellectual property and innovation; e-commerce (including trade facilitation and consumer protection); and taxation (customs duties on e-commerce and digital services taxes). In each of these areas the authors compare and contrast the approaches taken by the US, EU and China, discuss the public policy implications, and examine the choices facing the UK.
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African Open Science Platform Part 1: Landscape Study. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0047.
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This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.