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1
Peacey, Matthew, and n/a. "Creation and investigation of a versatile Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus-like particle vaccine." University of Otago. Department of Microbiology & Immunology, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080215.155033.
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There is a need to develop a range different VLP for use as nanoscale templates and vaccines. The aim of this research was to develop RHDV VLP as a versatile vaccine delivery system easily modified for use against a wide range of different diseases.
Production of Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) capsid protein in a baculovirus system led to the self-assembly of Virus-like Particles (VLP) that could be purified to greater than 99% purity using simple methods. The capsid gene, vp60, can be manipulated genetically to incorporate immunogenic peptide sequences or a functional DNA-binding site. Fusion of these small epitopes to VP60 was well tolerated, forming VLP and greatly enhanced the presentation of peptide to, and activation of CD4+ T helper cell hybridoma. To avoid constraints imposed on chimeric VLP and dramatically increase the versatility of RHDV VLP, rapid conjugation of antigen was carried out, employing the hetero-bifunctional chemical linker, sulpho-SMCC. Incorporation of sulfhydral groups by design or treatment with SATA allowed for great versatility, in turn enabling many diverse peptides and proteins to be conjugated to VLP.
RHDV VLP and consequently the conjugated GFP antigen were efficiently taken up by DC with more than 85% of DC positive for GFP by flow cytometry. This was also visualised by confocal microscopy and electron microscopy of both gold- labelled VLP and conjugated antigen. RHDV VLP conjugate was shown to induce the significant up regulation of the activation markers CD40, CD80, CD86 and MHC class II on the surface of dendritic cells (DC). As well, DC pulsed with RHDV VLP/OVA effectively presented OVA to both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells transgenic for respective peptide-specific T cell receptors, eliciting a greater proliferative response in both T cell subsets than antigen delivered alone.
The surface accessibility of peptides on VLP was demonstrated, while administration of VLP/Ovalbumin (OVA) conjugate in mice was shown to evoke very high titre antibody responses specific for conjugated antigen. VLP/OVA conjugates were also shown to induce IFN-γ production and OVA-specific cytotoxic killing in vivo, of up to 80% of fluorescently labelled, adoptively transferred target cells. No distinguishable cytotoxicity was detected in unimmunised control mice. This assay was also used to demonstrate the necessity for antigen to be conjugated to VLP, as antigen mixed with VLP induced only sub-optimal killing.
To investigate the anti-tumour effects, mice vaccinated with VLP conjugated to OVA protein, CD4+ or CD8+ T cell OVA epitopes were inoculated with B16- OVA tumour cells and monitored for tumour growth. Untreated control mice had to be sacrificed by day 19, while mice immunised with either VLP/OVA or VLP conjugated with both CD4+ and CD8+ OVA epitopes, showed a significant delay in tumour growth (P = 0.0002), with one mouse remaining free of palpable tumour until day 92.
These results show that RHDV VLP can be easily produced and purified and demonstrate the versatility of this RHDV capsid. Rapid conjugation techniques allowed the modification of VLP with both peptide and protein rendered these antigens highly immunogenic, stimulating both humoral and cell-mediated immunity targeted against conjugated antigens of choice. The versatility and immune stimulating properties of RHDV VLP provides a molecular tool with almost limitless applications within the fields of nanotechnology and immunology.
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Eccles, David. "Genetic variation in the European rabbit and rabbit flea in the British Isles." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337691.
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Hayes, Richard Andrew, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, Faculty of Science and Technology, and School of Science. "Semiochemicals and social signalling in the wild European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus(L.)." THESIS_FST_SS_Hayes_R.xml, 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/371.
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The European rabbit lives in defined social groups of between two and about twenty individuals. There are distinct social hierarchies within each group. Rabbits are known to scent-mark their environment with secretions from several glands, and the secretion of the submandibular cutaneous gland is strongly correlated with social status. Dominant, male rabbits have a higher secretory activity of the gland, and show much more scent-marking behaviour than do any other individuals within the social group. This study was principally conducted at Hope Farm, Cattai National Park in New South Wales, Australia.The proteinaceous components of the secretion varied between individuals, but the protein profile of an individual did not change over time.It was found that dominant rabbits chin mark preferentially at the entrances to warrens, and at the boundaries of their territory.The work in this study provides new insights into the way that rabbit semiochemical messages work. The difference between the secretion of a subordinate and a dominant rabbit appears to be due to the presence or absence of one compound, 2-phenoxy ethanol. This compound, with known fixative properties, supports the idea that the only difference between dominant and subordinate secretions is whether or not they persist in the environment after marking. Such a mechanism for asserting dominance may be much more common in mammals than is apparent from the published literatureDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Hayes, Richard Andrew. "Semiochemicals and social signalling in the wild European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus (L.)) /." View thesis View thesis, 2000. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030424.112701/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 2000.A thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, December, 2000. Includes bibliographical references.
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Martinez, Ana Isabel Gonzalez. "Behavioural studies of the European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492949.
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Reece, C. "Aspects of reproduction in the European rabbit (O. cuniculus) L." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355356.
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Lello, Joanne. "The community ecology of rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) parasites." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/25418.
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This thesis investigates aspects of the community ecology of rabbit parasites with particular emphasis upon the gut helminths, utilising a 23 (later extended to 26) year time series of rabbits and their parasites. A clearer understanding of parasite communities can lead to more effective biological control strategies. Rabbits are regarded as a serious pest species throughout Europe and the Antipodes and the use of the myxomatosis virus, as a biological control agent, has already been tried and failed. However, a clearer picture of the parasite community may offer future possibilities for control. Additionally, the rabbit is a good model for other grazing species, as it carries a similar gut helminth community. Drug resistance is an increasing problem in a wide range of parasites. A clearer appreciation of parasite communities could also aid in the search for effective and environmentally sound pathogen control strategies (e.g. via cross immunity or competition with benign species). Theoretical models have revealed the importance of aggregation to the stability of the host parasite relationship, to parasite evolution and to interspecific parasite interactions. A number of models have considered the effect of varying aggregation upon these dynamics with differing outcomes to those where aggregation was a fixed parameter. Here the stability of the distribution for each of the rabbit helminths was examined using Taylor's power law. The analyses revealed that aggregation was not a stable parameter but varied with month, year, host sex, host age, and host myxomatosis status. Evidence for the existence of interspecific parasite interactions in natural systems has been equivocal. Factors influencing parasite intensity were evaluated for the gut helminth. A network of potential interactions between the parasites was revealed. Only month was shown to be of greater influence on the community. Following, from the above analyses, a community model was constructed which incorporated both seasonal forcing and interspecific parasite interactions, with interaction mediated via host immunity. One unexpected emergent property was an interaction between the seasonality and the immune decay rate with slower immune decay resulting in a shift of the immune response out of phase with the species against which it was produced. The model was also used to assess the potential effects of two control strategies, an anticestodal and a single species vaccine. The vaccine had greater effects on the whole community than the anticestodal because of the immune- mediated interactions. The host is also an integral part of the community as the parasite dynamics are linked with that of their host. Therefore an assessment of the parasites' impact upon host condition and fecundity was also undertaken. This revealed a variety of positive and negative associations between the parasites and their host, with potential implications for future host control strategies. This study has shown that ignoring parasite-parasite or parasite-host interactions and interactions of both the host and the parasite with the external environment, could result in a poor description of the community dynamics. Such complexities need to be considered and incorporated into theory if future control strategies for either host or parasites are to be effective.
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Fiorentino, Francesca. "Mathematical models of the impact of rabbit calicivirus disease (RCD) on the European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus, in Australia." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446810/.
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This thesis relates to the work of building a mathematical model of the impact of Rabbit Calicivirus Disease (RCD) on the European Rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus, in Australia. After introducing the general biology of rabbits and the immunology of RCD, we build a time-dependent single site model. We construct a single-site population dynamic model with age structure, seasonal birth rate, density dependent regulation of the population size and climatic variability for various regions of Australia. After investigating suitable parameter ranges, we incorporate the disease dynamics through an indirect transmission model based on two different hypotheses which we call the Strong Juvenile hypothesis and the Weak Juvenile hypothesis. These differ in their assumption about Juvenile immunity to the disease. The ecological impact of both hypotheses is tested for both the single site and multiple site (spatial) models. The disease impact is investigated by varying the disease virulence, i.e. a parameter measuring the "strength" of the virus. Subsequently, a multiple site (spatial) model for the Riverina region is built by using the single-site model as building block. Data from Lake Urana is used to parameterize a seasonal emigration rate from each site. Density dependent immigration is added together with a hazard coefficient which rabbits face when leaving one site and trying to become established in another. Acceptance in a new site is regulated by the population density at the entry site. Several spatial configurations of sites are tested and the spatial dynamics of the disease is investigated. Finally, we construct a model to investigate the long term evolution of the disease virus. We postulate the existence of several strains of the disease and trade-offs between disease characteristics. We allow for mutation of the virus and run the model for two contrasting geographical regions of Australia. We compare the results for the different regions and the different hypotheses regarding Juvenile immunity (the Strong Juvenile hypothesis and the Weak Juvenile hypothesis). It is shown, unexpectedly, that intermediate levels of disease virulence are not selected.
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Webb, N. J. "Genetic analysis of social structure in the European wild rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus (L.)." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384536.
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McKillop, Ian Gordon. "The behaviour of the European wild rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus L. at electric fences." Thesis, University of Reading, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.258341.
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Sunnucks, Paul James. "Social behaviour and neophobia in the European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.)." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309506.
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Chinnadurai, Sathya K. "Evaluation of fecal glucocorticoid metabolite assays for short-term stressors and validation for stress monitoring in African herbivores." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4611.
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Thesis (M.S.) University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (May 18, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Stott, Philip Anthony. "Comparisons between two successful invaders : the European hare Lepus Europaeus and the European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus in Australia." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289637.
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Dutton, John. "The relationship between the European wild rabbit and sand dune vegetation in Jersey." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267724.
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Sneddon, Ian Alexander. "Aspects of olfaction, social behaviour and ecology of an island population of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2823.
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Olfactory behaviour in the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) has been studied extensively under laboratory and semi-natural conditions. Results of observations on aspects of the olfactory behaviour of a free-living population of rabbits are presented. To facilitate interpretation of these results, considerable preliminary information about the population was collected. The study was conducted over a three year period on the Isle of May off the east coast of Scotland. A total of 326 rabbits were trapped and marked to permit identification in the field, and data on sex, age and social status of these individuals was collated. Data on the overall structure and fluctuations in the population are presented. The social organisation and home ranges of rabbits at four study sites throughout the three years are described. Observations indicate that the social organisation of free-living populations is more complex and variable than previous descriptions of semi-natural populations would have led us to expect. The reproductive performance of the population was investigated and intra and interwarren variations are analysed with respect to warren and group size. Results indicate an inverse relationship between warren size and reproductive success. The most frequently observed group composition (2 males, 2 females) was also the most reproductively successful. Daily and seasonal activity patterns of different age, sex and social status classes of rabbits are described. Olfactory communication was investigated by analysis of the frequency, daily and seasonal variation, and behavioural context of odour related activities performed by members of different age, sex and social status classes. The importance of using appropriate methods for the sampling of behaviour in field studies of olfaction is stressed. The present study concentrates on behaviour related to latrines; chin marking of the substrate and of conspecifics; enurination and urine squirting; and pawscraping. The results suggest that different scent products may carry similar information but analysis of variations in the frequency and context of odour deposition suggests that the deposition of scent fulfills a variety of functions.
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Robley, Alan Joseph. "The comparative ecology of the burrowing bettong (Bettongia lesueur) and European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)." Thesis, Robley, Alan Joseph (1999) The comparative ecology of the burrowing bettong (Bettongia lesueur) and European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1999. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/52091/.
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The comparative ecology of Burrowing bettongs (Bettongia lesueur) and European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were studied on Heirisson Prong, Shark Bay between 1995 and 1998. Burrowing bettongs were once widespread across mainland Australia, but now survive only on three islands off the west coast of Western Australia and as a reintroduced population on Heirisson Prong, a 1200-hectare peninsula in Shark Bay, Western Australia.
The general question investigated by this thesis is whether rabbits usurp resources essential to bettongs, limiting their population fitness and growth, particularly during extended dry periods. The comparative approach taken resulted in a quantitative comparison of foraging strategy, home range, diet, spatial distribution, habitat use, and population dynamics of the two species.
Investigating the foraging activities of bettongs and rabbits can indicate the potential for competition over food resources. Both bettongs and rabbits were observed foraging in a 30 x 40-metre enclosure of native vegetation over several nights in October 1997. The degree of overlap in foraging activities of bettongs and rabbits was only moderate (O = 0.54). Foraging ratios indicated that bettongs allocated most of their time (63%) to gathering food. Of the total time bettongs were observed feeding 61% was spent browsing in shrubs. The majority of the remainder being spent digging and searching for subterranean food. Rabbits spent the majority of their time acquiring food (81%). Repeated measures MANOVA showed that rabbits spent considerably more time grazing (F1,40 = 21.152, P = 0.004) than bettongs.
It is possible that the ranging behaviour of bettongs is influenced by interspecific competition with the European rabbit. Home ranges of burrowing bettongs and European rabbits were measured in January and March 1998. Seven adult bettongs and seven adult rabbits were tracked within an area of 2.25 km x 2 km.
The mean home range of bettongs based on the 100% minimum convex polygon was 95.2 hectares, with males having slightly larger ranges than females. The home range of rabbits was 8.5 hectares. Bettongs travelled a mean distance between observations of 403 m compared 175 m for rabbits. Bettongs and rabbits used space differently with these differences suggesting a difference in the distribution and/or use of food resources.
Rabbits may exploit food resources that are essential to the survival and fitness of bettongs, reducing the availability of these resources to a level that bettongs are unable to harvest them. The degree of dietary overlap between the two species was ascertained by comparing the identifiable particles in the scats of bettongs and the stomachs of rabbits over two winters and two summers. The diets of bettongs and rabbits were significantly different in both summer (Mantel t = 2.4, P < 0.05) and winter (Mantel t = 12.0, P < 0.001). The main components of the bettongs diet were fungi, browse, fruit, and seed. There is an indication that they may have scavenged rabbit cadavers during summer. Rabbits were restricted to grasses, forbs and shrubs. This result, combined with morphological and physiological differences, suggests that bettongs and rabbits do not compete directly for food resources.
Shelter may be an important resource for which competition occurs as both species use warrens. Fifty-one bettong warrens were located by radio tracking 22 free-range bettongs in June and July 1996. These were compared with 141 rabbit warrens, recorded from seven transects walked in the same months. Nine variables were measured for each bettong and rabbit warren. Several rabbit warrens and two bettong warrens were excavated to investigate their internal structure.
Bettong warrens had more active entrances (mean = 2.43 ± 0.24) than rabbit warrens (mean = 1.69 ± 0.09). Bettong warren entrances were wider (mean = 207.0 ± 8.5 mm) and taller (mean = 166.0 ± 4.3 mm) than rabbit warrens (mean = 166.0 ± 4.9 mm and 146.0 ± 3.3 mm). Bettong and rabbit warrens differed in the frequency with which they occurred on various aspects (χ24 = 23.3, P < 0.001.). Bettong warrens were found under shrubs with more cover (mean = 81%) compared to those used by rabbits (mean = 69%, F1,189 = 8.56 P = 0.004). Bettong warrens were located more on the bottom/middle slopes and less on the plain than would be expected if both rabbits and bettongs warrens were evenly distributed throughout the landscape (%23 = 8.45, P = 0.038). Bettongs use deep well-ventilated, multi-entrance warrens throughout the year. Rabbits are unable to remain in warrens during the hot summers and shelter above ground under shrubs.
Apart from historical and natural history observations, no data exists on the impact of rabbits on the use of warrens by bettongs. Warren use, reproduction, and body condition of bettongs were assessed in the absence of rabbits and then subsequently with successively higher densities of rabbits in two experimental yards between November 1997 and January 1998. At the end the three months rabbits were removed, and the condition and warren use of bettongs was assessed.
Despite the doubling of the rabbit density in each yard each month the incidence of recorded cohabitation between bettongs and rabbits was low. Six rabbits shared six warrens with six bettongs for a total of 42 days. The number of times that bettongs moved warrens due to the presence of a rabbit in the warren on the previous night approached significance (χ21 = 3.608, P = 0.058). Cohabitation of warrens by bettongs and rabbits occurred but with no evidence of a decline in body condition or reproductive output of bettongs. The observed change in warren use by bettongs coincides with female bettongs using fewer warrens and remaining stationary in selected warrens for longer as pouch young neared the end of pouch life.
Changes in bettongs rate of increase, reproductive output, body condition, and recruitment were investigated between January 1996 and January 1998 during which time rabbit numbers increased from a moderate density reaching a ten-year high (approximately 45,000 rabbits) before declining to very low numbers. The study period was also characterised by above average winter rainfall and decreasing plant biomass through dry summers.
The free-range bettong population increased steadily from five individuals in January 1996 to 71 in May 1998. The observed rate of increase for bettongs between January 1996 and January 1998 was r = 1.9. In the period between January 1996 to January 1997 the observed rate of increase for bettongs was r = 0.9. Female bettongs reproduced all year, with an average of 66% of females carrying pouch young. Changes in rabbit density had no effect on the body condition of male or female bettongs. Recruitment averaged 11%, peaking in May and July of each year. Changes in rabbit abundance were not related to fluctuations in recruitment rate.
The results of this comparative study suggest that the niche of rabbits and bettongs at Heirisson Prong is sufficiently different to allow co-existence. Aspects of the bettongs' ecology may enable them to withstand habitat changes wrought by the rabbit. The most striking is a broad and adaptable diet, with a digestive physiology capable of digesting a wide range of foods. In addition, they are able to move over large areas in search for high quality food, and to live in complex warrens in large social groups. Consequently, the potential impact of the rabbit on the population dynamics of the bettong may well be restricted by these behaviours.
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Serronha, Ana Marta. "Modeling the factors limiting the distribution and abundance of the european rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in SE Portugal." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/22988.
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O Coelho-bravo (Oryctolagus cuniculus) é uma espécie com um papel-chave nos ecossistemas
Ibéricos. A sua distribuição e abundância são influenciadas por um elevado números de factores, que
conjuntamente com a sua plasticidade, tornam a gestão das suas populações uma tarefa complexa.
Este estudo tem como objectivo identificar os factores que limitam a distribuição e abundância das
populações de Coelho-bravo no SE de Portugal, uma região que é prioritária para a conservação do
Lince-ibérico. Os dados de campo consistiram num Índice Quilométrico (latrinas) de Abundância
(IQA), ao qual modelos univariados e multivariados de regressão de quantis foram ajustados, usando
diversas variáveis. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que as populações de Coelho-bravo são limitadas
por factores ecológicos, climáticos e de gestão, e que variam de acordo com as áreas em estudo. Este
estudo fornece informação relevante para a recuperação da população de Coelho-bravo,
contribuindo consequentemente para o sucesso das reintroduções do Lince-ibérico; ABSTRACT:
The European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) plays a key role in Iberian ecosystems. This species’
distribution and abundance is affected by a combination of several factors, and its high plasticity
makes population management a challenging task. The main goal of this study is to identify the
factors limiting the distribution and abundance of European rabbit populations in SE Portugal, a
priority region for the Iberian lynx conservation. Field data consisted of a Kilometric Index of (latrine)
Abundance (KIA), to which univariate and multivariate quantile regression models were fitted, using
a diversity of variables. The obtained results revealed that European rabbits populations are limited
by ecological, climatic and management factors, which varied across sampling areas. This study
provides highly relevant information for European rabbit population recovery, consequently
contributing for the success of Iberian lynx reintroductions.
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Kriščiūnaitė, Asta. "Lietuvos pilkųjų (Lepus europaeus) ir Baltųjų (Lepus timidus) kiškių kaukolių morfologinė analizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140305_134142-67186.
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Darbo tikslas: išmatuoti Lietuvoje paplitusių pilkųjų ir baltųjų kiškių kaukoles ir nustatyti šių kiškių kaukolių morfologinius tarprūšinius skirtumus. Tyrimas buvo atliekamas Kauno Tado Ivanausko zoologijos muziejuje, naudojant šiame muziejuje esančią kiškių kaukolių kolekciją. Osteometrinei analizei naudota 29 L. europaeus, 21 L. timidus kaukolės. Makroskopinei palyginamajai analizei naudota 68 L. europaeus, 24 L. timidus kaukolės. Osteometrinei analizei atlikti buvo pasirinkti 31 matavimas. 21 matavimas atliktas remiantis F. Palacios metodika, modifikuota F. Riga ir kt. (2001 m.), 10 matavimų atlikti pagal A. von den Driesch (1976) metodiką. Matavimai atlikti elektroniniu slankmačiu 0,01 mm tikslumu. Makroskopinė palyginamoji analizė buvo atliekama remiantis F. Palacios 1998 m. metodika. Tyrimo metu tarp rūšių nustatyta 15 statistiškai patikimų matmenų (P<0,05) ir 8 makrsokopinės anatomijos tarprūšiniai skirtumai. Išvados: pilkųjų kiškių veidinė dalis yra ilgesnė ir platesnė už baltųjų kiškių. Pilkųjų kiškių kiaušo dalis yra aukštesnė už baltųjų kiškių, tačiau baltiesiems kiškiams būdinga platesnė priekinė kiaušo dalis. Bendras kaukolės ilgis tarp rūšių nesiskiria, tačiau baltųjų kiškių kaukolės yra platesnės. Atlikus tarprūšinę pilkųjų ir baltųjų kiškių kaukolių ir apatinių žandikaulių osteologinę analizę, nustatyti 7 kaukolės ir 1 apatinio žandikaulio skirtumas.Aim: To measure the spread of European and Mountain rabbit skulls in Lithuania as well as determine the morphological differences and variations of the skulls between the species. The study was conducted at Tadas Ivanauskas Zoology Museum in Kaunas, using the collection of the rabbit skulls presented there. In terms of the study, the 29 L. europaeus, 21 L. timidus skulls were used for Osteometric analysis while 68 L. europaeus, 24 L. timidus skulls were used for macroscopic comparative analysis. During the Osteometric investigation, thirty one measurement was performed in total, in which twenty one of them was based on F. Palacios methodology (modified F.Riga et al., (2001)) while other ten were based on A. von den Driesch (1976) methodology. Measurements were performed using electronic caliper with 0.01mm accuracy. Macroscopic comparative analysis was performed with reference to F. Palacios, (1998) methodology. As a result, fifteen statistically relevant dimensions (P<0,05) were discovered along with eight macroscopic anatomical variations between the species. Conclusions: The facial part of the European rabbit skull is longer and wider when compared to the Mountain rabbit skull. In addition, the neurocranium of the European rabbit skull is higher. However, Mountain rabbits typically have wider frontal area of the neurocranium. Overall length of the skull remains the same between the species, nevertheless, white rabbits were discovered to have generally wider skulls. The... [to full text]
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Sharples, Colin M. "Large- and small-scale factors influencing the population ecology of the European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus L., in southern Spain." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309906.
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Jones, Emily Lena. "Broad spectrum diets and the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) : dietary change during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition in the Dordogne, southwestern France /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6529.
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Herron, Fiona Michelle. "A study of digesta passage in rabbits and ringtail possums using markers and models." University of Sydney. Biology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/483.
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The common ringtail possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus), a member of the family Pseudocheiridae, is an arboreal folivorous marsupial that feeds predominantly on Eucalyptus foliage. Contrary to the expectation that small body size would inhibit utilisation of a diet containing such high levels of lignified fibre because of relatively low gut volume to body mass ratios and relatively high mass-specific metabolic rates and nutrient requirements (Hume 1999), the ringtail possum is able to survive solely on a diet of Eucalyptus foliage. The rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) is a terrestrial herbivore and is a member of the family Leporidae that feeds predominantly on grasses. The rabbit was proposed as a digesta flow model for the ringtail possum since both are caecotrophic (periodically re-ingest caecal contents) and both are proposed to exhibit a colonic separation mechanism (CSM) where fluids and small, easily digested particles are preferentially returned to the caecum. The rabbit is of value for the modelling process since it is more accessible for experimental manipulation than the ringtail possum. This study investigated a proposal to use digesta passage through the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of the rabbit as a model of digesta passage for the ringtail possum on the basis that both are caecotrophic caecum fermenters. A number of potential problems were identified with this proposal and investigation of these problems formed the basis for the research described in this thesis. Two main areas were identified as being potentially problematic: 1) fundamental flaws with the particulate markers used in digesta rate of passage studies; and 2) differences in animal behaviour and natural diet between the two subject species which suggested different digestive strategies and hence different patterns of digesta flow through the GIT. The proposed digesta passage markers were lanthanide metals (Dy, Tm, Eu and Yb) attached to either fibrous particles (1200 - 600�m) or formalin-fixed rumen bacteria (20 � 0.2�m). These markers were shown to not be of the assumed size classes and the extent of lanthanide metal binding differed between the four metals used. An effect due to method of dosing was also observed. The findings of marker inconsistencies caused major limitation to model development and further research is necessary to clarify these markers. The proposal to use digesta flow in the rabbit GIT as a model for digesta flow in the ringtail possum was shown to be idealistic due to the differences in anatomy and behaviour observed between the two herbivores. Laboratory observations, time series analysis and compartmental modelling confirmed the differences between the animals. This study showed: 1) the GIT of the rabbit was more complex both anatomically and functionally than that of the ringtail possum; 2) behaviour affecting digesta passage of the rabbit and ringtail were different and; 3) compartmental models confirmed the anatomical and behavioural findings. Digesta passage in the rabbit could not be modelled mathematically using data on digesta passage due to complexities of the system. In contrast, a basic model was constructed for digesta passage in the ringtail possum. On the basis of these findings, the research hypothesis "that digesta passage in rabbits is similar to that in ringtail possums" was rejected.
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Geraldes, Armando. "Evolutionary genetics and incipient speciation in the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) : insights from the analysis of nucleotide polymorphism at mtDNA and sex chromosomes." Doctoral thesis, Porto : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/64277.
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Geraldes, Armando. "Evolutionary genetics and incipient speciation in the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) : insights from the analysis of nucleotide polymorphism at mtDNA and sex chromosomes." Tese, Porto : [s.n.], 2006. http://catalogo.up.pt/F?func=find-b&local_base=FCB01&find_code=SYS&request=000086281.
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de, Zylva Geoffrey Anthony. "Does behavioural plasticity contribute to differences in population genetic structure in wild rabbit populations in arid and semi-arid Australia?" Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16437/1/Geoffrey_de_Zylva_Thesis.pdf.
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The European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus, was introduced to Australia in 1859 and quickly became a significant vertebrate pest species in the country across a wide distribution. In arid and semi-arid environments, rabbit populations exist as metapopulations - undergoing frequent extinction recolonisation cycles. Previous studies identified population genetic structuring at the regional level between arid and semi-arid environments, and habitat heterogeneity was suggested as a possible causal factor. For the most part, rabbit behaviour has been overlooked as a factor that could contribute to explaining population genetic structure in arid and semi-arid environments.
This study utilised a combination of genetic sampling techniques and a simulated territorial intrusion approach to observing wild rabbit behaviour in arid and semi-arid environments. The genetic component of the study compared population samples from each region using four polymorphic microsatellite loci. The behavioural component examined variation in the level of territoriality exhibited by three study populations in the arid region towards rabbits of known versus unknown origins (resident vs transgressor (simulating dispersal)).
A difference was observed in population genetic structure determined from nuclear markers between arid and semi-arid regions, which supports findings of previous research using mitochondrial DNA data in the same area. Additionally, differences in aggressive response to known vs unknown rabbits were identified in parts of the arid region, which together with the effects of habitat heterogeneity and connectivity may explain the observed differences in population genetic structure.
Knowledge of behavioural plasticity and its effect on relative dispersal success and population genetic structure may contribute to improved management and control of feral rabbit populations at the regional level within Australia; and may assist with conservation efforts in the species' natural range in Europe.
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de, Zylva Geoffrey Anthony. "Does behavioural plasticity contribute to differences in population genetic structure in wild rabbit populations in arid and semi-arid Australia?" Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16437/.
Full textAbstract:
The European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus, was introduced to Australia in 1859 and quickly became a significant vertebrate pest species in the country across a wide distribution. In arid and semi-arid environments, rabbit populations exist as metapopulations - undergoing frequent extinction recolonisation cycles. Previous studies identified population genetic structuring at the regional level between arid and semi-arid environments, and habitat heterogeneity was suggested as a possible causal factor. For the most part, rabbit behaviour has been overlooked as a factor that could contribute to explaining population genetic structure in arid and semi-arid environments. This study utilised a combination of genetic sampling techniques and a simulated territorial intrusion approach to observing wild rabbit behaviour in arid and semi-arid environments. The genetic component of the study compared population samples from each region using four polymorphic microsatellite loci. The behavioural component examined variation in the level of territoriality exhibited by three study populations in the arid region towards rabbits of known versus unknown origins (resident vs transgressor (simulating dispersal)). A difference was observed in population genetic structure determined from nuclear markers between arid and semi-arid regions, which supports findings of previous research using mitochondrial DNA data in the same area. Additionally, differences in aggressive response to known vs unknown rabbits were identified in parts of the arid region, which together with the effects of habitat heterogeneity and connectivity may explain the observed differences in population genetic structure. Knowledge of behavioural plasticity and its effect on relative dispersal success and population genetic structure may contribute to improved management and control of feral rabbit populations at the regional level within Australia; and may assist with conservation efforts in the species' natural range in Europe.
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Le, Gall Ghislaine. "Calicivirus des lagomorphes : détermination de la séquence nucléotidique de l'EBHSV (european brown hare syndrome virus) : épidémiologie moléculaire des virus EBHSV et RHDV(rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus)." Brest, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BRES3103.
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Laurent, Sylvie. "Étude de la protéine de capside des calicivirus des lagomorphes RHDV (Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus) et EBHSV (European Brown Hare Syndrome Virus) : antigénicité, vaccination et assemblage." Compiègne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997COMP1029.
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Les virus RHDV (Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus) et EBHSV (European Brown Hare Syndrome Virus) ont été décrits pour la première fois sur le continent européen au début des années 1980. Ces deux virus, responsables d'hépatites nécrosantes, sont capables de tuer 90% d'une population de lapins ou de lièvres en moins 48h. Ils ont été affiliés récemment à la famille des Caliciviridae. Les calicivirus possèdent un génome à ARN simple brin de polarité positive et sont composés d'une simple capside constituée d'une unique protéine structurale de 60KDa. Les protéines de capside de RHDV et EBHSV ont été exprimées dans le système baculovirus/cellules d'insecte. Les protéines de capside recombinantes produites en quantité massive ont été retrouvées dans le surnageant de culture sous la forme de pseudo-particules, présentant les mêmes caractéristiques morphologiques et antigéniques que les virions infectieux. Les particules recombinantes de RHDV utilisées dans des tests de vaccination ont conféré une protection équivalente à celle démontrée par les vaccins actuellement commercialisés. L'étude de la séroconversion des lapins vaccinés a mis en évidence le rôle clef de la réponse humorale dans la protection contre la maladie. Ces résultats ont conduit à l'élaboration d'un vaccin recombinant actuellement en cours de développement industriel. L'utilisation des particules recombinantes de RHDV et de EBHSV lors d'études comparatives, réalisées à l'aide de plusieurs anticorps monoclonaux anti-RHDV et anti-EBHSV, ont permis de caractériser les réactions antigéniques croisées entre les deux virus. Ces résultats couplés à ceux de tests de protection croisée ont permis de classer ces deux virus dans deux sérotypes du même sérogroupe au sein de la famille des Caliciviridae. Plusieurs données concernant l'assemblage des calicivirus, obtenues par l'analyse des particules recombinantes en conditions non dénaturantes, ainsi que par l'analyse des séquences peptidiques, sont discutées.
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Surridge, Alison Karen. "Genetic variation and population structure of European wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389347.
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Petrovan, Silviu Octavian. "The landscape ecology of brown hares and European rabbits in pastures in the north east of England." Thesis, University of Hull, 2011. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5118.
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The declines of the brown hare (Lepus europaeus), a priority species for conservation in the UK, may have been caused by changes in agricultural management. This study aims to identify hare distribution, density, habitat selection and demography in grass lands in order to benefit their future conservation. In addition, this study aims to investigate the impact of current agricultural management on the populations of the European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), a major agricultural pest and potential competitor for hares. Hare and rabbit populations were surveyed in several large, pasture-dominated, sites in north -east England between 2007 and 2009. Estimated density of brown hares in the studied region was far higher than the published national average density for this species in pastures but with very large variation between superficially similar sites. We explored a new method to survey hares using night-time line transect distance sampling and compared this method with day time surveys. Night-time distance sampling produced improved precision estimates of hares with considerably less survey effort by maximising detectability during surveys. Hares and rabbits had different habitat requirements in grassland areas and areas dominated by intensive sheep grazing produced the lowest hare densities and in most cases were associated with high rabbit densities. Field size was an important determinant of the distribution of both hares and rabbits but with contrasting effects for the two species. Predator control appeared more important in increasing rabbit numbers than hares in the studied region. Our results indicate that recent changes in pasture management in the UK might favour high rabbit densities with potentially significant economic impacts for the agricultural sector. Hare productivity was high but female fertility and survival, in particular juvenile survival, were relatively low. Hares in the studied region were generally in good condition and reached sizes comparable with hares from arable areas. Population modelling suggested the hare population in the area was slowly increasing but was susceptible to decline even at relatively moderate levels of hunting. Radio-tracking indicated that habitat heterogeneity was important for hares at both between and within field levels. Hares preferentially used field margins during both active and inactive periods and selected woodland edges and unimproved grassland during diurnal periods, suggesting that they might benefit from measures designed to increase heterogeneity and re-establishment of non-farmed habitat features, particularly field margins. Equally, hares avoided sheep grazed fields with short swards for both foraging and resting indicating that reducing grazing intensity in pastural areas would also be beneficial for hare conservation. We suggest that grassland management could be adapted in order to minimize damage by high numbers of rabbits and increase the presence and abundance of the brown hare, a species of conservation concern in Europe and the UK.
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Guiserix, Micheline. "Mécanismes d’émergence des maladies infectieuses : étude par la modélisation du rôle de la protection de groupe, dans des populations hôtes homogènes ou structurées spatialement." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10094/document.
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Le travail présenté dans ce manuscrit traite des mécanismes d'émergence des maladies infectieuses. Une première partie du texte est consacrée à la réflexion menée sur ces processus, et à leurs conséquences pour la gestion des maladies. Dans une deuxième partie nous exposons les travaux de modélisation réalisés ; l’objectif est de tester si des changements dans l'expression d'une infection peuvent être expliqués par la dynamique de circulation de l'agent infectieux dans la population hôte, à travers la protection de groupe. Nous montrons que l'apparition de la maladie de Carré chez les lions du Serengeti peut être due à une perte d’immunité de groupe suite à l’extinction du virus. Nous étudions ensuite les conséquences sur le patron épidémique d'une protection partiellement croisée entre souches. Enfin, nous intégrons à cette problématique la structure spatiale de la population hôte, pour expliquer des observations faites sur les systèmes lagomorphes/lagovirus en FranceThe study presented here aims to suggest and to test several mechanisms to explain how infectious diseases impact could increase, in relation to microparasite circulation and loss of herd protection. We first introduce the main characteristics of host/microparasite interaction and display some knowledge about emerging infectious diseases, and their consequences for diseases control. Stochastic modelling is then used to study epidemic patterns under several hypotheses and for different host/parasite systems: i) we explain canine distemper emergence in Serengeti lions through a break in virus circulation and the resulting loss of herd immunity; ii) we study the consequences of partial crossprotection induced in hosts by different strains in a small homogeneous host population; and iii) we extend this study to spatially structured host populations to explain data observed in lagomorphs/lagoviruses in France
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Ziege, Madlen [Verfasser], Martin [Gutachter] Plath, and Friedemann [Gutachter] Schrenk. "Effects of gradual anthropogenic habitat alteration on the ecology and behavior of European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in and around Frankfurt am Main / Madlen Ziege ; Gutachter: Martin Plath, Friedemann Schrenk." Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1143024281/34.
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Tomlin, Chanan. "'Protest and prayer' : Rabbi Dr. Solomon Schonfeld and the orthodox Jewish responses in Britain to the Nazi persecution of Europe's Jews 1942-1945." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402414.
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Adams, Mathew Michael. "Development of a poxvirus vaccine : the myxoma virus/European rabbit model." Phd thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/146644.
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Silva, Eliane Pimenta da. "Genomic integration of hepatitis C virus fragments in the European rabbit and lepus europaeus: detection and characterization." Doctoral thesis, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/82534.
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Silva, Eliane Pimenta da. "Genomic integration of hepatitis C virus fragments in the European rabbit and lepus europaeus: detection and characterization." Tese, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/82534.
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Hood, Gregory Malcolm. "Spatial host-parasite models : application to biological control of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.) using immunocontraceptive viruses." Phd thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/147936.
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Pereira, Patrícia de Sousa. "Is the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) a good animal model to study HIV-1 pathogenesis and virus-host interactions?" Doctoral thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/118531.
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Pereira, Patrícia de Sousa. "Is the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) a good animal model to study HIV-1 pathogenesis and virus-host interactions?" Tese, 2019. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/118531.
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Barbosa, A. Márcia, and R. Real. "Favourable areas for expansion and reintroduction of Iberian lynx accounting for distribution trends and genetic diversity of the European rabbit." Bachelor's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/20093.
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Although on a local scale Iberian lynx distribution is determined by the availability of prey rabbits, recent modelling analyses have uncovered broad-scale disagreements between these two species’ distribution trends. These analyses showed also that the lynx had become restricted to only a fraction of the rabbit’s genetic diversity, and that this could be jeopardising its survival in the face of environmental hazards and uncertainty. In the present paper, a follow-up was carried out through the building of lynx and rabbit distribution models based on the most recent Spanish mammal atlas. Environmental favourability values for lynx and rabbit were positively correlated within the lynx’s current distribution area, but they were negatively correlated within the total Spanish area where lynx used to occur in the 1980’s. Environmental favourability for rabbits was significantly higher where lynx maintains reproductive populations than where it recently disappeared, indicating that rabbit favourability plays an important role and can be a good predictor of lynx persistence. The lynx and rabbit models were extrapolated to predict favourable areas for both species in Spain as well as in Portugal, on the original scale of the distribution data (10x10 km) and on a 100 times finer spatial resolution (1x1 km). The lynx and rabbit models were also combined through fuzzy logic to forecast the potential for lynx occurrence incorporating information on favourable areas for its main prey. Several areas are proposed as favourable for lynx expansion or re-introduction,
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Matos, Ana Cristina Lemos de. "Insights into the European rabbit imune system: evolutionary history, diversity and expression of genes playing key roles in Myxoma vírus infection and host-resistence." Doctoral thesis, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/72074.
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Matos, Ana Cristina Lemos de. "Insights into the European rabbit imune system: evolutionary history, diversity and expression of genes playing key roles in Myxoma vírus infection and host-resistence." Tese, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/72074.
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Collins, Susie. "Co-evolution of host and virus : mechanisms of host resistance and virus attenuation." Phd thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/146268.
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Graur, Mina. "An "anarchist rabbi": The life and teachings of Rudolf Rocker." Thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/16234.
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Rudolf Rocker was born in 1873 in Mainz, Germany, and died in 1958 in New York. During his life, Rocker witnessed a rapidly changing world, and he extensively documented these changes. In a microcosm, Rocker's life reflects the development of the various trends within the anarchist movement, of which he was a prominent member. He joined the anarchist ranks at an early age, and to his last breath he remained an ardent believer in the goals and principles of anarchism. Rocker's main philosophical concern had been personal freedoms and the ability of society to protect these freedoms by non-coercive means. Rocker rejected the morality of all forms of authority, whether state, party or privileged minority. The only form of organization condoned by him was that of workers' federations or syndicates. In Rocker's vision, these federations would serve as the basis for creating a federated Europe, and ultimately a federated world order.
A disciple of Peter Kropotkin, Rocker established his prominence in anarchist philosophy as the ideologue of anarchosyndicalism, his main contribution being the combination of theoretical anarchist theses with a practical syndicalist platform of action. Rocker's most important contribution to political philosophy, Nationalism and Culture, contains both a comprehensive analysis of the rise of national sentiments, and a theoretical attempt to refute the morality of the state.
Rocker left his mark on anarchist history not only as a theoretician, but also as a practitioner. He was particularly active among the Jewish immigrants in London's East End, where he organized a cohesive and militant anarchist group. He led the local workers in industrial struggles against the "sweating system," and for two decades Rocker, a gentile with no knowledge of Yiddish, edited the Jewish anarchist organ, the Arbeter Fraint. In 1923, Rocker became known internationally due to his role in founding the Syndicalist International, the aim of which was to halt the growing influence of the Comintern.
Despite his political activities and writings, Rocker's life remained a neglected chapter in the history of anarchism. Drawing extensively on Yiddish sources, this work attempts to save Rocker from his undeserved oblivion.
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Norrell, Tracey Hayes. "Shattered Communities: Soldiers, Rabbis, and the Ostjuden under German Occupation: 1915-1918." 2010. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/834.
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“Shattered Communities: Soldiers, Rabbis, and the Ostjuden during Occupation: 1915-1918" addresses the interethnic experience in Poland during the German occupation of 1915-1918. This dissertation demonstrates that the German design for 'modernization' of the East began with the First World War, which envisioned the Jews as a critically vital component, rather than an obstacle to their success. The German military made its connection to the peoples in the East via its own army rabbis and Jewish administrators. This work examines the role of the German Army rabbis, in 1915, in establishing a Jewish press and Jewish schools, along with Jewish relief agencies funded by German Jewish businessmen, in assisting the local Ostjuden communities. By the time the guns stopped firing in 1918, however, the German government had reneged on their promises of recognition and help, and the circumstances of many Ostjuden were as precarious as they had been before the war. Even worse, the experience of war in the East encouraged the rise of racist nationalism in Germany and Eastern Europe. The roots of Nazi policies toward Jews were planted firmly in Poland and Lithuania between 1915 and 1918. But for defeat in the war, it is highly unlikely that the Nazis would ever have risen to power, and in the absence of the German experience of war in the East, the later commitment to a Jewish genocide might never have been imagined. By examining the transnational relationship between the Germans and the Polish Jewish communities during the Great War, I contribute to a better understanding of the complexities leading to the crucial fracture that took place under the pressure of total war in 1917.
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Azriel, Yakov Shammai. "The Quest for the Lost Princess in Rabbi Nachman of Braslav's "Book of Stories from Ancient Times"." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1159.
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One of the most innovative and original Hasidic leaders and thinkers, Rabbi Nachman of Braslav (1772 – 1810), related thirteen long, complex fables during the final four years of his life. This doctoral thesis presents an analysis of the quest for the Lost Princess in Rabbi Nachman of Braslav's "Book of Stories in Ancient Times." The image of the Lost Princess and the quest to find and rescue her, which appear in four of these stories (including the first and the last ones), are central symbols in Rabbi Nachman's thought. The most important key to an analysis of this image and theme lies in understanding the symbols and concepts of the Jewish mystical tradition (the Kabbalah), as Rabbi Nachman himself suggested.Classsics, Near & Far East & Religious Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (Judaica)