Journal articles on the topic 'European Public Health Committee'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: European Public Health Committee.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'European Public Health Committee.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Bennett, P. N., and I. M. Faccini. "The European Ethical Review Committee." International Journal of Risk and Safety in Medicine 1, no. 2 (1990): 151–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jrs-1990-1209.
Full text
2
Stühlinger, Verena, and Michael Hackl. "Research Ethics Committees in the Field of Health-Related Human Research — A European Perspective and the Case of Austria." European Journal of Health Law 21, no. 4 (July 28, 2014): 387–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718093-12341329.
Full textAbstract:
Human subject abuse and patient harm through medical research have led to the establishment of Institutional Review Boards (irbs or Research Ethics Committees (recs)), who independently scrutinise research protocols. In the field of trials with medicinal products as well as trials testing medical devices, an obligation for submission prior to realisation is granted within Europe through European directives. However, regulation of other fields of health-related research, e.g., psychological trials, public health and epidemiological studies or healthcare research is the responsibility of eu Member States; and European laws differ widely. The article gives an overview of European regulations in the field of rec review requirements, critically analyses Austrian legislation in this field and describes an institutional solution for legislative gaps in Austria — the Research Committee for Scientific and Ethical Questions (rcseq). Finally, important European initiatives for the future are pointed out.
3
Van Loock, F., N. Gill, S. Wallyn, A. Nicoll, J. C. Desenclos, and P. Leinikki. "Roles and functions of a European Union Public Health Centre for Communicable Diseases and other threats to health." Eurosurveillance 7, no. 5 (May 1, 2002): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.07.05.00371-en.
Full textAbstract:
An international consensus has been reached that a European Union (EU) Technical Coordination Structure (TCS) for communicable diseases is needed to improve Europe’s future response to international communicable disease threats within and beyond its boundaries. After the American events of September 11 2001 and the deliberate releases of anthrax, the EU created a Health Security Committee, adopted a civil protection decision, and established for 18 months a team to develop responses for deliberate releases of biological and chemical agents. These two initiatives, the network’s approach and health security work, must converge into a single stream addressing health protection for the people of Europe. They could be combined into a European Centre for Communicable Diseases that is planned to become active by 2005.
4
Akpysharov, N. "Improving Mental Health Care as the Most Pressing Public Health Issue." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 5 (May 15, 2020): 184–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/54/22.
Full textAbstract:
Mental disorders are an acute public health problem in the WHO European region, affecting 25% the entire population every year. WHO activities in the area of mental health promotion at the level of individuals and society as a whole are aimed at improving human mental well-being, preventing mental disorders, protecting human rights and caring for people with mental disorders. The WHO European Conference on Mental Health (2005), 66th Session of the World Health Assembly (2013), 63rd Session of the WHO European Regional Committee (2013) have focused on mental health. In the Kyrgyz Republic, the State policy to change the system of assistance to persons with mental disabilities, to establish a unified mental health service and to change the attitude of society towards mental health and the mentally ill is reflected in the National Program Mental health of the population of the Kyrgyz Republic for 2001–2010, the National Health Reform Program of the Kyrgyz Republic Den Sooluk for 2012–2018, for the Sustainable Development Goals up to 2030, adopted at the Summit by UN members, the Program for Mental Health Protection of the Population of the Kyrgyz Republic for 2018-2030. Given the negative trends in the mental health care system, an important element in addressing the shortcomings is the increased use of new institutional forms of mental health care, such as the Medical Rehabilitation Unit, Intensive Mental Health Care Unit, Psychiatric Dispensaries and Outpatient Psychiatric Rooms, in dispensary monitoring. Priority in the further development of psychiatric care should be given to the most effective and less costly forms of its provision, ahead of the development of outpatient level, inter-agency interaction and integration of psychiatric service with other levels of regional health and social protection.
5
Németh, János, Gábor Tóth, Serge Resnikoff, and Jan Tjeerd de Faber. "Preventing blindness and visual impairment in Europe: What do we have to do?" European Journal of Ophthalmology 29, no. 2 (December 20, 2018): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1120672118819397.
Full textAbstract:
Severe visual impairment and blindness are significant public health problems worldwide. Four-fifths of cases of blindness can be prevented or cured. The World Health organisation’s ‘Universal Eye Health: A Global Action Plan 2014–2019’ and the European Society of Ophthalmology’s Pilot Committee on Public Eye Health are aiming to decrease the prevalence of blindness in Europe and around the world. Starting discussions addressing possible actions and advocacies to improve current circumstances in public eye health is a common task of ophthalmologists and public health specialists in Europe.
6
Rey, Jean, Peter Aggett, and Berthold Koletzko. "Thirty Years of the ESPGAN/ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 39, no. 5 (November 2004): 474–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.2004.tb00892.x.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTThe creation of the Committee on Nutrition of ESPGAN (later ESPGHAN) in 1974 was stimulated by the need to define generally acceptable standards for infant feeding and for dietetic products for infants. Since the late 1970s the Committee has published a series of widely respected authoritative comments that have provided guidance for pediatricians, regulatory bodies and manufacturers of food products in Europe and other parts of the world. The Committee and its members have also contributed to the development of standards by the Codex Alimentarius Committee of the World Health Organization and of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, and of standards in the European Union. Among the further aims of the Committee aims is the stimulation and support of young researchers entering the field of nutrition and metabolism, as well as the lobbying for public and private funding that supports pediatric nutrition research. The strong tradition of 30 successful years with the achievements made, and the appreciation of the vision and determination of the pioneers who had built the Committee, provide a major stimulus to strive for continued excellence in achieving the Committee's mission.
7
de Wachter, Maurice A. M. "The European Convention on Bioethics." Hastings Center Report 27, no. 1 (January 2, 1997): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1552-146x.1997.tb00015.x.
Full textAbstract:
Nearly fifteen years after the Council of Europe first called for a pan‐European convention on issues in bioethics to harmonize disparate national regulations, in November 1996 the council's Committee of Ministers approved the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine for formal adoption. The draft convention, released in July 1994, provoked strong public, professional, and governmental debate among European nations, particularly regarding provisions for biomedical research with subjects unable to give informed consent. If ratified, the “bioethics convention” will become the first such document to have binding force internationally.
8
Powell, Pippa, Dan Smyth, Isabel Saraiva, Karin Lisspers, Georgia Hardavella, Juan Fuertes, and Kate Hill. "What do patients know? Education from the European Lung Foundation perspective." Breathe 14, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/20734735.020217.
Full textAbstract:
The European Lung Foundation (ELF) is an organisation whose mission is to bring together the public and patients with respiratory professionals to improve lung health. A core part of all its activities focus on education: the education of patients on their condition, including how to prevent, treat and manage it; the education of healthcare professionals on how to improve work with patients and awareness about the issues that are important to patients; and education of the public and policy makers of the importance of lung health at a European level. ELF was founded and works in a unique partnership with the European Respiratory Society (ERS).This article has been written by the recent past Chairs and the new Chairs of three ELF committees (Council (D. Smyth and I. Saraiva), Professional Advisory Committee (K. Lisspers and G. Hardavella) and Patient Advisory Committee (J. Fuertes and K. Hill)) in order to reflect on ELF’s journey in this regard over recent years. In particular, it seems a good moment to assess the success and impact of the first patient Chair of ELF, Dan Smyth, and reflect on what this has meant for ELF’s educational activities, and what the future now looks like.Educational aimsTo understand the importance of educated patients (patients that are knowledgeable on their condition and how healthcare processes work).To understand the importance of guiding patients to quality reliable sources of information and education.To establish ways to ensure that healthcare professionals are prepared to work with educated patients.To outline the initiatives that ELF has driven forward in the field of education.To see the value in patients advocating at the European level for raising standards of education for patients and physicians.
9
Peel, Michael. "Re: European committee for the prevention of torture." Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine 9, no. 4 (December 2002): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1353-1131(02)00123-2.
Full text
10
van Loock, F., Mike Rowland, T. Grein, and A. Moren. "Intervention epidemiology training: a European perspective." Eurosurveillance 6, no. 3 (March 1, 2001): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.06.03.00218-en.
Full textAbstract:
Within the widening European Union, large-scale movements of people, animals and food-products increasingly contribute to the potential for spread of communicable diseases. The EU was given a mandate for public health action only in 1992, under the Treaty of European Union ("Maastricht Treaty"), which was broadened in the 1997 with the Treaty of Amsterdam. While all EU countries have statutory requirements for notifying communicable diseases, national and regional communicable disease surveillance practices vary considerably (1). The Network Committee (NC) for the Epidemiological Surveillance and Control of Communicable Diseases in the EU was established in 1998 to harmonise these activities.
11
Celis, P. "CAT – The new committee for advanced therapies at the European Medicines Agency." Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz 53, no. 1 (January 2010): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00103-009-0998-y.
Full text
12
Bereziartua, Ainhoa, Andrés Cabrera-León, Mikel Subiza-Pérez, Gonzalo García-Baquero, Salvador Delís Gomez, Ferran Ballester, Marisa Estarlich, et al. "Urban environment and health: a cross-sectional multiregional project based on population health surveys in Spain (DAS-EP project) – study protocol." BMJ Open 14, no. 3 (March 2024): e074252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074252.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionThe European Environment Agency estimates that 75% of the European population lives in cities. Despite the many advantages of city life, the risks and challenges to health arising from urbanisation need to be addressed in order to tackle the growing burden of disease and health inequalities in cities. This study,Urban environment and health: a cross-sectional multiregional project based on population health surveys in Spain(DAS-EP project), aims to investigate the complex association between the urban environmental exposures (UrbEEs) and health.Methods and analysisDAS-EP is a Spanish multiregional cross-sectional project that combines population health surveys (PHS) and geographical information systems (GIS) allowing to collect rich individual-level data from 17 000 adult citizens participating in the PHS conducted in the autonomous regions of the Basque Country, Andalusia, and the Valencian Community, and the city of Barcelona in the years 2021–2023. This study focuses on the population living in cities or metropolitan areas with more than 100 000 inhabitants. UrbEEs are described by objective estimates at participants’ home addresses by GIS, and subjective indicators present in PHS. The health outcomes included in the PHS and selected for this study are self-perceived health (general and mental), prevalence of chronic mental disorders, health-related quality of life, consumption of medication for common mental disorders and sleep quality. We aim to further understand the direct and indirect effects between UrbEEs and health, as well as to estimate the impact at the population level, taking respondents’ sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics, and lifestyle into consideration.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the regional Research Ethics Committee of the Basque Country (Ethics Committee for Research Involving Medicinal Products in the Basque Country; PI2022138), Andalusia (Biomedical Research Ethics Committee of the Province of Granada; 2078-N-22), Barcelona (CEIC-PSMar; 2022/10667) and the Valencian Community (Ethics Committee for Clinical Research of the Directorate General of Public Health and Center for Advanced Research in Public Health; 20221125/04). The results will be communicated to the general population, health professionals, and institutions through conferences, reports and scientific articles.
13
Riordan, Susannah. "Venereal disease in the Irish Free State: the politics of public health." Irish Historical Studies 35, no. 139 (May 2007): 345–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400006684.
Full textAbstract:
In his article ‘Venereal disease and the politics of prostitution in the Irish Free State’ Philip Howell argues that in 1926, following the submission of the Report of the interdepartmental committee of inquiry regarding venereal disease, the Irish government was confronted with ‘a series of proposals to regulate prostitution in the Free State’ These proposals are associated with the influence brought to bear by the army on the committee’s deliberations, and it is suggested that this preferred military solution to venereal disease falls into a European pattern in which state formation was frequently accompanied by such regulation. The example of Italy is offered as the most pertinent. However, Howell suggests, the government rejected the regulation of prostitution in favour of ‘a moral regulation of sexuality marked by elements of Catholic social purity’.
14
Paget, D. Z., and F. Barnhoorn. "European Public Health Association * EUPHA takes first STEPS * 59th Session of the WHO Regional Committee for Europe." European Journal of Public Health 19, no. 5 (September 21, 2009): 564–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckp123.
Full text
15
Wargers, Annemieke, Judit Queral, Famke JM Mölenberg, Lucia Tarro, Christopher M. Elphick, Electra Kalogerakou, Alexandros Karagiannis, et al. "Citizen Science to improve healthy and active living among adolescents in four European countries: a protocol of the cluster randomised controlled trial of the Science Engagement to Empower aDolescentS (SEEDS) project." BMJ Open 13, no. 5 (May 2023): e070169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070169.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionImproving healthy lifestyles of adolescents is challenging. Citizen Science is a way to engage them in the design and delivery of interventions, and may also increase their interest in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). The Science Engagement to Empower aDolescentS (SEEDS) project aims to use an equity-lens, and engage and empower boys and girls from deprived areas by designing and cocreating interventions to promote healthy lifestyles, and to seed interest in STEM.Methods and analysisSEEDS is a cluster randomised controlled trial in four countries (Greece, the Netherlands, Spain and the UK). Each country will recruit six to eight high schools from lower socioeconomic neighbourhoods. Adolescents aged 13–15 years are the target population. High schools will be randomised into intervention or control group. Each country will select 15 adolescents from intervention schools called ambassadors, who will be involved throughout the project.In each country, focus groups with ambassadors and stakeholders will focus on physical activity, snacking behaviour and STEM. The input from focus groups will be used to shape Makeathon events, cocreation events where adolescents and stakeholders will develop the interventions. The resultant intervention will be implemented in the intervention schools during 6 months. In total, we aim to recruit 720 adolescents who will complete questionnaires related to healthy lifestyles and STEM outcomes at baseline (November 2021) and after the 6 months (June 2022).Ethics and disseminationThe four countries obtained approval from their corresponding Ethics Committees (Greece: Bioethics Committee of Harokopio University; the Netherlands: The Medical Research Ethics Committee of the Erasmus Medical Center; Spain: The Drug Research Ethics Committee of the Pere Virgili Health Research Institute; UK: Sport and Health Sciences Ethics Committee of the University of Exeter). Informed consent will be collected from adolescents and their parents in line with General Data Protection Regulation legislation. The findings will be disseminated by conference presentations, publications in scientific peer-reviewed journals and during (local) stakeholders and public events. Lessons learnt and the main results will also be used to provide policy recommendations.Trial registration numberNCT05002049.
16
Abbing, Henriette Roscam. "Prisoners Right to Healthcare, a European Perspective." European Journal of Health Law 20, no. 1 (2013): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718093-12341251.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The right to healthcare applies regardless of a person’s legal status. Prisoners have a right to a healthcare equivalent to the one in the community at large: access to medical care and preventive measures of good quality and costs covered. States have a positive duty to provide for appropriate healthcare in prison, including harm reduction policies (for instance health screening, vaccination and needle exchange). Denial of access to appropriate health facilities to prisoners and other detainees is likely to result in bodily harm, unnecessary morbidity and avoidable death. Essential elements of the social right to care for the health of prisoners are protected through the positive obligations individual human rights impose on States (e.g., the right to life, the prohibition of torture, degrading treatment and punishment, the right to liberty and the right to private life). Health related human rights standards for prison healthcare have been formulated over worldwide and in Europe. The Council of Europe’s Committee of Prevention of Torture monitors the situation of prisoners in Member States. Still, healthcare for prisoners falls short of what is required. Prison healthcare is an essential part of public health. A major involvement of the Minister of Health is indispensable.
17
Yeates, Victoria A. "Death of the Nearest Relative? Carers’ and Families’ Rights to Challenge Compulsion under Current and Proposed Mental Health Legislation." International Journal of Mental Health and Capacity Law 1, no. 13 (September 5, 2014): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijmhcl.v1i13.175.
Full textAbstract:
<p align="LEFT">This article explores the scope of carers and family members’ current entitlements to be involved in decisions about the use of compulsion under mental health legislation and the impact of the European Convention on Human Rights on these rights. It then examines the proposals in the <em>Draft Mental Health Bill</em> in relation to family rights, the recommendations of the Joint Parliamentary Scrutiny Committee concerning carers and nominated persons and the Government’s response to these recommendations. It will be argued that the 2004 Draft Bill would represent a significant erosion of the rights of families, which is potentially profoundly antitherapeutic where a public safety agenda based on risk management predominates. It would involve a major shift in the boundary between the public and the private sphere, which is of constitutional significance, and it is argued that the Government should follow the recommendations of the Joint Parliamentary Scrutiny Committee.</p>
18
Denoon, Alex, and Erik Vollebregt. "Are We Wasting a Good Crisis? The Revision of the EU Medical Devices Directives and the Impact of Health Data Rules." European Journal of Risk Regulation 4, no. 4 (December 2013): 437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x00003081.
Full textAbstract:
The three Directives concerning medical devices are currently under revision and a long process that started with a consultation in 2008 seems to be nearing its conclusion with two Regulation proposals in the pipeline and at the time of writing under discussion in the European Parliament's Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety (ENVI Committee). In this article we examine if the proposed Regulation for medical devices will deliver on the promises. We will focus on what we know to be the hot topics for industry. Since the article is forward- looking about draft legislation currently in the legislative process, it is by necessity speculative on points and the proposals may have changed by the time this article is printed.
19
Hautvast, Jo, Ibrahim Elmadfa, and Mike Rayner. "Policy, trade, economic, and technological aspects of improving nutrient intake and lifestyles in the European Union." Public Health Nutrition 4, no. 2a (April 2001): 325–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980001001574.
Full textAbstract:
Summary of recommendations1.A new Nutrition Committee for the European Union1.1 A new Nutrition Committee for the European Union, should be created to give independent scientific and policy advice on nutrition, diets and physical activity to the Commission. This should be supported by a strengthened Nutritional Unit within the Commission.2.Policy development2.1 There needs to be a comprehensive and coherent nutritional policy for the EU2.2 The development of European dietary goals should continue after the completion of the Eurodiet Project.2.3 The European Commission should revise its Recommended Daily Allowances for vitamins and minerals using a systematic, evidence-based approach. Recommended Daily Allowances should be set at a level which would prevent deficiencies and lower the risk of disease.2.4 The European Commission should produce, preferably every four years, a report on the state of nutrition, diet and physical activity in the EU. This report should contain proposals for action3.Components of a nutrition policyEducation3.1 The European Commission should not be involved in the direct delivery of lifestyle advice to the public.3.2 The European Commission should continue to support networks whose members are involved in educating the public and in training professionals about nutrition, diets and physical activity.Research3.3 European Community funding of health-related research should better reflect the Community's public health priorities.3.4 The European Community should ear-mark funds for large, multi-centre studies into nutrition, diet and physical activity with a duration of up to 10 years.Consumer protectionFood labelling3.5 The European Commission should draw up proposals for the regulation of health claims.3.6 The European Community should agree rules for the use of nutrition claims along the lines agreed by the Codex Alimentarius Commission.3.7 The European Commission should review the 1990 Nutrition Labelling Directive particularly with a view to making nutrition labelling more comprehensible and it should encourage the development of other ways of providing consumers with information about the nutrient content of foods though, for example, the Internet.Food composition3.8 The European Commission should review the Novel Food Regulations, particularly with a view to ensuring that the nutritional consequences of consuming novel foods are better assessed and to making approval procedures more efficient.3.9 European Community rules on food fortification and on food supplements should be harmonised but in such a way that the interests of consumers are paramount.Agriculture policy3.10 The Common Agriculture Policy should be subject to a regular and systematic health impact assessment.3.11 Given that there are subsidies under the Common Agricultural Policy designed to increase consumption of surplus food, these should be directed towards promoting the consumption of foods for which there is strong evidence of a need for increased consumption in the EU for health reasons.Special issuesFruit and vegetable consumption3.12 The promotion of increased fruit and vegetable consumption across the EU should be a key aspect of the European Union's proposed nutrition policy.Breast feeding3.13 The European Union should review its policy on breast feeding including assessing and, if necessary, improving its legislation on breast milk substitutes and maternity leave.Physical Activity3.14 The European Union should have a policy for promoting physical activity in Europe. This should be part of, or at least closely integrated with, the European Union's proposed nutritional policy.
20
Schulte, Andreas G., and Georgios Tsakos. "The Joint ORCA-EADPH Symposium on Sugar: The Oral Health Perspective – A Commentary." Caries Research 53, no. 2 (August 7, 2018): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000490951.
Full textAbstract:
Caries is the most prevalent chronic condition worldwide and the association between high-level intake of sugars and dental decay is strong and well established. Interestingly, to combat caries, dental practitioners and public health dentists in many countries have focused mainly on the application of different kinds of fluorides and fissure sealants but not on the reduction of sugar intake. Furthermore, for many years, sugars have not been the focus of dental research activities presented at the annual conferences of the European Organisation for Caries Research (ORCA) and the European Association of Dental Public Health (EADPH). In 2015, following the publication of the new WHO guidelines on the intake of sugars, the boards of ORCA and EADPH agreed to organize a common symposium entitled “Joint ORCA-ADPH Symposium on Sugar: The Oral Health Perspective”. This symposium was organized by a scientific committee and took place on July 6, 2016, in association with the 63rd ORCA Congress in Athens, Greece. It included 9 lectures highlighting different aspects of sugar consumption, contribution of sugar to dental caries, measuring sugar consumption, and fighting against sugar on a patient and public health basis. The purpose of this commentary is to give background information about the rationale of the above-mentioned symposium.
21
Kravets, Victoria. "Regulatory and legal support of public administration in the field of medical service of the population." Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no. 1 (May 5, 2021): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.1.2021.26.
Full textAbstract:
The article formulates classification groups of normative legal acts that will regulate the activity of the sphere of medical care ofthe population. Today in Ukraine there are a number of laws and other regulations that provide medical care. In order to improve theentire regulatory system in the study area, it is necessary to systematize all regulations, depending on the subject orientation, into classificationgroups of regulatory and legal support of medical care, depending on the subject of legal support of medical care, namely: actsthat aimed at providing medical services and medical care; acts that form the relationship of health care institutions with patients; actsthat regulate characterological social relations in the field of medical care; acts establishing legal liability for violation of norms in thefield of medical care. In accordance with the proposed classification, the author described the systematized regulations. The sources thatdetermine international legal acts in the field of health care are documents issued by the United Nations, the World Health Organi zation,the International Labor Organization, the Council of Europe and the European Union, the World and European Medical Associations, andnamely: “Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of Biology and Medicine: Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine(European Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine)”; “European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights andFundamental Freedoms (ECHR)”; “European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment”;“European Social Charter (ESC)”; “Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities”; “Recommendation № R(2000) 5 of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe to member states on the development of forms of participation of citizensand patients in the decision-making process affecting health care”; “Partial agreement in the field of social and public health”; “Conventionon the Development of a European Pharmacopoeia”; “Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity in Respect ofthe Use of Advances in Biology and Medicine” and its protocols, etc., which are supplemented and clarified by a number of recommendationsin the field of medical care; Directive 2001/83 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union on theCommunity code relating to medicinal products for human use, as well as Directives of the Council of the European Union, namely: theEU Charter of Fundamental Rights; “Draft EU Directive on the rights of patients in cross-border healthcare”, etc.
22
Ekmekci, Perihan Elif. "An Assessment of Coherence Between Early Warning and Response Systems and Serious Cross-Border Health Threats in the European Union and Turkey." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 10, no. 6 (August 11, 2016): 883–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2016.63.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractDisease outbreaks have attracted the attention of the public health community to early warning and response systems (EWRS) for communicable diseases and other cross-border threats to health. The European Union (EU) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have published regulations in this area. Decision 1082/2013/EU brought a new approach the management of public health threats in EU member states. Decision 1082/2013/EU brought several innovations, which included establishing a Health Security Committee; preparedness and response planning; joint procurement of medical countermeasures; ad hoc monitoring for biological, chemical, and environmental threats; EWRS; and recognition of an emergency situation and interoperability between various sectors. Turkey, as an acceding country to the EU and a member of the WHO, has been improving its national public health system to meet EU legislations and WHO standards. This article first explains EWRS as defined in Decision 1082/2013/EU and Turkey’s obligations to align its public health laws to the EU acquis. EWRS in Turkey are addressed, particularly their coherence with EU policies regarding preparedness and response, alert notification, and interoperability between health and other sectors. Finally, the challenges and limitations of the current Turkish system are discussed and further improvements are suggested. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:883–892)
23
Duquenne, Philippe, Annette Kolk, Clara Pogner, Carla Viegas, Anne Oppliger, Brian Crook, Christian Thom, Elisabeth Barzykowski, and Anne-Mette Madsen. "105 Workplace Air Standardisation Projects Related to Biological Agents at European Level : Recent History and Perspectives." Annals of Work Exposures and Health 67, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2023): i13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxac087.035.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract As a significant portion of our time is spend in work places, the occupational exposure is of particular interest for maintaining human health. Within the Technical Committee CEN/TC 137 “Assessment of workplace exposure” the working group named WG5 “Biological Agents” is engaged in the standardization of strategies to assess workplace exposure to bioaerosols. The group already exists since the early 2000s in the European Committee of Standardization (CEN) and was reactivated in 2017 to continue on work items of prevailing interest. Between 2018 and 2021 three standards have been revised and newly published: EN 13098 (general guidelines for measurements), EN 14031 (measurement of airborne endotoxins) and EN 14583 (performance of sampling devices). As the COVID-19 pandemic confirmed, the work on bioaerosols is still important and many questions remain open. Recently, the work group drafted three new topics on which normative documents should be prepared in the future: “the measurement of airborne viruses”, “the measurement of airborne mycotoxins” and “the use of biomolecular methods for the measurement of airborne microorganisms”. As it is still a pressing topic, the work on the new preliminary work items has started with the preparation of a standard on virus measurement. The CEN/TC 137/WG5 has maintained its dynamic over the years and is also encouraging pre-normative researches and networking. The work of the group contributes to a unified approach at the European level on the issue of biological risks assessment and makes it possible to disseminate a better awareness of biological risks.
24
Sadeeq, Tara, Ayse Arikan, Tamer Sanlidag, Emrah Guler, and Kaya Suer. "Big Concern for Public Health: Microbial Contamination of Mobile Phones." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 15, no. 06 (June 30, 2021): 798–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.13708.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Mobile phones are dynamic source of microorganisms in households and professional settings. The aim was to determine the prevalence of bacterial contamination of the mobile phones, identify bacterial isolates, assess their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and define the efficiency of using disinfectant.
Methodology: This study included 233 dental students from Near East University, Faculty of Dentistry. Swab samples taken from mobile phones before and after disinfection were inoculated onto 5% sheep blood medium and eosin methylene blue medium and incubated aerobically at 37°C for 24-48 hours. Mold-growing mix cultures were sub-cultured on the sabouraud dextrose medium and allowed to grow at room temperature. Conventional microbiological techniques and VITEK 2 automated identification system were used for bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were verified by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique according to the European Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Committee criteria. Mold colonies were identified macroscopic and microscopically according to their phenotypic properties using lacto-phenol cotton blue stain.
Results: Microbial contamination of mobile phones was 81% (120.953 cfu/ml) in swab samples taken without using alcohol-based wipes however, microbial contamination in swab samples taken after one-time disinfection was determined to be 21% (201 cfu/ml). The most common microorganisms isolated were coagulase negative Staphylococci (69%) and Aspergillus niger (13%). All of the isolated bacteria were susceptible to all antibiotics used.
Conclusions: This study represents the first data on the rate of microbial contamination on mobile phones in Northern Cyprus and the efficiency of the use of alcohol to disinfect the mobile phones.
25
Challenor, John. "Medical Assessment of Working Divers. Fitness to Dive Standards of European Diving Technology Committee. Edited by Jűrg Wendling, David Elliott and Tor Nome. Published by European Diving Technology Committee, 2004. ISBN 3-952284-2-7. Price: £10. 216 pp." Occupational Medicine 55, no. 7 (October 1, 2005): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqi154.
Full text
26
Bobkova, Antonina G., Andrii M. Zakharchenko, and Yuliia M. Pavliuchenko. "LEGAL ENFORCEMENT OF STATE AID CONTROL IN THE FIELD OF HEALTHCARE: EXPERIENCE OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION." Wiadomości Lekarskie 73, no. 12 (2020): 2848–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202012224.
Full textAbstract:
The aim: The purpose of this article is to concretize the directions of improving legal support of control over the state aid in the field of health care. Materials and methods: The study analyzed the sources of the European Union law and legislative acts of Ukraine on the provision of state aid to business entities, relevant materials of the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine, including more than 20 decisions taken by this body based on the notification review results of the state aid provision in the field of health care. The methodological basis of the research consists of general and special methods of scientific research, in particular, dialectical, analytical-synthetic, system-structural, formal-logical, comparative legal methods. Conclusions: Based on the results of the study directions for improving legal support for state aid control in public health sector have been proposed, in particular, legal qualification of the activities of health care providers, determining whether certain types of public health activities belong to those that constitute a common economic interest and finalizing the criteria used to assess admissibility of state aid in this area.
27
Vogiatzis, Konstantinos, Dimitrios Dimitriou, Georgia Gerolymatou, and Aristeidis Konstantinidis. "Strategic noise mapping in Athens International Airport: A tool for balanced approach & health effects evaluation." Noise Mapping 7, no. 1 (June 5, 2020): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/noise-2020-0008.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAthens International Airport (A.I.A) is the first major transportation infrastructure in Greece with the participation of the private sector, a pioneer international Public-Private Partnership. Environmental protection is a priority, and AIA, is committed to protect the environment and preventing or lessening negative impacts, through a comprehensive Environmental Policy and Procedures. Within this framework, AIA has already carried out the study for Strategic Noise Map (SNM) and the Noise Action Plan (NAP) for the Aircraft Noise. According to the European Directive 49/2002 the study should be repeated every 5 years. This research article focuses on the comparative study for the latest SNMs 2017 & 2019 (ECAC Doc.29) and for 2019 (executed by the new methodology CNOSSOS-GR), for the respective traffic data 2016 & 2018, and presents the results of the acoustic model in order to create the Strategic Noise Maps for Lden & Lnight indicators. With a view to implementing the legislation, an analysis of aircraft mix for every year (except helicopters, military and other specific flights) was carried out in accordance with the categorisation provided for in the relevant recommendation of the Committee of 6 August 2003 and the European Commission adopted Directive 2015/996. The potential health effects were further analyzed using the World Health Organization (WHO’s) Disability Adjusted Life Year’s (DALY’s) metrics for aircraft noise in relation to the exposure of the population based on the results of alternative comparative Strategic Noise Maps. The aim of the study is to show how the combination of both the implementation of the European Directive 2002/49 and 2015/996 and the DALY approach is an analysis tool for the evaluation of the acoustic environment. As we can observe in the results, the overall findings are significantly lower in the case of SNM 2019 (executed by the new methodology CNOSSOS-GR) than in the others.
28
Varela-Lema, Leonor, Janet Puñal-Riobóo, Paula Cantero-Muñoz, and Maria José Faraldo-Vallés. "PP58 The Alliance Between Health Technology Assessment And Public Health In National Screening Policies." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 35, S1 (2019): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462319002113.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionDecision making regarding national population-based prenatal and newborn screening policies is recognized to be highly challenging. This paper aims to describe the formalized collaboration that has been established between the Spanish National Public Health Screening Advisory Committee (PHSAC) and the Spanish Network of Health Technology Assessment (HTA) agencies to support the development of evidence- and consensus-based recommendations to support this process.MethodsIn-depth description and analysis of the strategic and methodological processes that have been implemented within the Spanish National Health System prenatal and newborn screening frameworks, with special emphasis on the role, actions, and responsibilities of HTA agencies.ResultsThe role of HTA agencies is threefold: (i) support the PHSAC by providing evidence on safety, effectiveness and cost/effectiveness of the screening tests/strategies, as well as contextualized information regarding costs, organizational, social, legal and ethical issues; (ii) collaborate with the PHSAC in the development of formal evidence- and consensus-based recommendations for defining population screening programs, when required; (iii) analyze real-world data that is generated by piloted programs. This paper will provide real-life examples of how these processes were implemented in practice, with a special focus on the development of the non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) policy. Recommendations for NIPT were developed by a multidisciplinary group based on the European network for Health Technology Assessment (EUnetHTA) rapid assessment report and the predictive models that were built using national statistics and other contextualized data.ConclusionsThe current work represents an innovative approach for prenatal and newborn screening policymaking, which are commonly difficult to evaluate due to the low quality of evidence and the confounding public health issues. The paper raises awareness regarding the importance of joint collaborations in areas where evidence is commonly insufficient for decision making.
29
Šefčovič, Maroš, and Miguel Arias Cañete. "Written answers to the questions from the European Parliament's Committee on Industry, Research and Energy and from the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety." European Energy & Climate Journal 4, no. 4 (November 1, 2014): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/eecj.2014.04.03.
Full text
30
Angeleri, Stefano. "The Impact of the Economic Crisis on the Right to Health of Irregular Migrants, as Reflected in the Jurisprudence of the un Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights." European Journal of Migration and Law 19, no. 2 (June 16, 2017): 165–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12340006.
Full textAbstract:
In response to the global financial and economic crisis, which began almost a decade ago, many European countries have adopted austerity measures aimed at curtailing public expenditure, which have negatively impacted the domestic realisation of the ‘European Social Model’. In particular, domestic policies on budget containment, and stricter controls on immigration have often curtailed the social right to healthcare for targeted categories of undesired migrants such as undocumented migrants. The aim of this paper is to assess whether the ‘narrative of the crisis’ has affected the interpretation of the right to health of undocumented migrants within the jurisprudence of the un Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. This research offers the opportunity to reflect upon the ‘consistent’ understanding and use of the concepts of ‘vulnerability’, ‘non-discrimination’, ‘core obligations’, and ‘austerity measures’, in relevant reporting material, when undocumented migrants’ access to, and level of, health care is concerned.
31
Mutter, Joachim. "Is dental amalgam safe for humans? The opinion of the scientific committee of the European Commission." Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology 6, no. 1 (2011): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1745-6673-6-2.
Full text
32
Scheltinga, H. M. J. "Sludge in Agriculture: the European Approach." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 8 (August 1, 1987): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0039.
Full textAbstract:
The sludge production in the European Community can be estimated to be about 6 million tons of dry matter per year. By 1990 this quantity may have doubled. About 30% of the annual production is used in agriculture. Cooperation in the field of scientific and technical research has been actively promoted by the European Community together with European Non-Member states. One of the earliest examples of such a cooperation is the Concerted Action “Treatment and use of sludge and liquid agricultural wastes” (Cost 681). Participating Non-Member states are Austria, Finland, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland. Canada takes part on a somewhat different basis. The main purpose of the Cost-action is to acquire scientific and technical knowledge and to disseminate the results to the participants and others interested. Until now there was no provision for direct funding of research projects by the Commission. The Cost-action is managed by a concertation committee in which the participating countries and the Commission are represented. The action coordinates in the most flexible way, in the countries involved, all relevant research concerning sewage sludge treatment and its optimal use in agriculture, taking into account the evaluation of possible harmful effects for public health and environmental protection. Five Working Parties were set up, dealing with the following programmes:–Assessment of the best sludge treatment techniques, and of their cost and reliability, in order to get valuable products for agricultural purposes (WP-1).–Improvement and harmonisation of sampling procedures and analytical methods for the control of organic and mineral pollutants in sludges and soils (WP-2).–Measures to be taken to prevent harmful effects to public health due to sludge spreading or storage in the environment (WP-3).–Evaluation of the agricultural value of sludges for crop and grass production, forestry and soil reclamation (WP-4).–Prevention of long- and short-term environmental risks for the atmosphere, ground water and soil micro-organisms by sludge spreading (WP-5).
33
Papanicolaou, Sotiria, David Sykes, and Elias Mossialos. "EMEA and the evaluation of health-related quality of life data in the drug regulatory process." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 20, no. 3 (August 2004): 311–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462304001138.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives:This study reviewed the European guidelines of the Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products (CPMP) on how health-related quality of life (HRQOL) research should be conducted in clinical trials. Published product-level information was also reviewed to investigate the actual role of HRQOL data in the European regulatory process.Methods:All disease-specific notes for guidance and concept papers on clinical investigations, development and evaluation of human medicinal products, as well as the European Public Assessment Reports (EPAR) of all approved drugs published on the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products (EMEA) Web site were evaluated for their HRQOL recommendations.Results:Only twenty of the fifty CPMP guidance notes for clinical investigation of pharmaceutical products in specific disease areas included a reference to HRQOL. Most of the recommendations were generic and vague, and the terminology used was inconsistent across documents. The EPAR provided nonspecific information about HRQOL and contradictory conclusions on the effect of a drug on HRQOL sometimes occurred in different documents. The criteria used by the CPMP to assess the HRQOL data could not be identified due to an ad hoc approach to the inclusion of data in the EPAR.Conclusions:A more systematic approach is needed on the way health outcomes data are considered, reviewed, and interpreted by the regulatory authorities. For this to be achieved, CPMP should develop general guidelines on the importance of HRQOL and how research should be conducted if data are to be included in the registration process.
34
Mikhailov, A. V. "Information report on the VII Congress of Obstetricians-Gynecologists of the Baltic Sea Countries and the I Russian Seminar of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, held in St. Petersburg on May 12-15, 1999." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 48, no. 2 (May 15, 1999): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd88160.
Full textAbstract:
The VII Congress of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of the Baltic Sea Countries and the I Russian Seminar of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine were held in the concert hall of the St. Petersburg Hotel on May 12-15, 1999. The Congress was organized in collaboration with the International Scientific Committee of Obstetricians-Gynecologists of the Baltic Sea States, D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology of RAMS, Administrations of Saint Petersburg and Leningrad Region, Association of Obstetricians-Gynecologists of Saint Petersburg and Leningrad Region and Regional Public Organization of Health Care Support "Medelita". A significant role in the organization of the Congress belonged to the St. Petersburg firm "BIMK-Cardio", a recipient of the "Public Recognition of St. Petersburg" mark for 1997 and 1998.
35
Karma, Emiljan. "Socioeconomic Determinants of Life Expectancy: Southeastern European Countries." European Journal of Sustainable Development 12, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2023.v12n1p25.
Full textAbstract:
This paper analyses the socioeconomic determinants of life expectancy in Southeastern Europe countries highlighting the most important factors that can affect life expectancy in this part of Europe.
Two Panel Data Regression with fixed–effects model was applied for 20 years from 2000 to 2019. Eight socioeconomic and environmental explanatory variables were used to verify their influence on life expectancy.
The analysis highlights the important influence of factors such as urbanization; GDP per capita; fertility rate; education; marital status; CO2 emission and the non-significant influence of other factors, such as health expenditure or health care out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure. This study points out that healthcare spending (public and/or household out-of-pocket spending) is not a significant factor in improving life expectancy in SEE countries. Results illustrate that GDP per capita; urbanization, CO2 emissions, and fertility rate are the most influential and significant explanatory factors. A surprising result concerns marital status, which in this study affects life expectancy inversely in one of the panel regressions.
Life expectancy is a very important and expressive outcome indicator for public health. Each country is committed to spending public money to improve people's quality of life, which translates into a longer life (Life expectancy), or even better, a longer and healthier life (Health Adjusted Life Expectancy). The results of this study, considering the demographic development of the SEE countries (low fertility rate and aged people), show that policymakers need to consider public healthcare organization and reassess the effectiveness of public health expenditure. On the other hand, the balanced urbanization process with a clean ecosystem (less CO2 emissions) conducts a better life quality (consequently an improved life expectancy).
Keywords: Panel data analysis; Life Expectancy; Public Health; SEE Countries
Jel Classification: C33; H51; I15
36
Ecker, Andrea, Segundo Mariz, Frauke Naumann-Winter, Koenraad Norga, Ingeborg Barisic, Thomas Girard, Paolo Tomasi, Dirk Mentzer, and Bruno Sepodes. "Comparative analysis of the scope of European Union paediatric investigation plans with corresponding orphan designations." Archives of Disease in Childhood 103, no. 5 (October 31, 2017): 427–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-313352.
Full textAbstract:
BackgroundMarket forces may not be sufficient to stimulate research and development of medicines for small patient populations, such as children and patients with rare diseases. Both the European Union Orphan and Paediatric Regulations were introduced to address the unmet public health needs of these smaller patient populations through the use of incentives, rewards and obligations. Developers for new medicines for rare diseases must agree a paediatric investigation plan (PIP) or waiver with the European Medicines Agency’s (EMA) Paediatric Committee (PDCO), and can also apply for an orphan designation (OD) from the EMA’s Committee of Orphan Medicinal Products (COMP). The scope of both the OD and the PIP (or waiver) is defined by the agreed condition.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to analyse the approach of PDCO and COMP in defining the appropriate condition for a PIP or OD, respectively, in order to investigate potential challenges in the paediatric development of orphan medicines which have to meet the requirements of both legislations.MethodsA comparative analysis of PIP conditions and OD conditions was performed for medicines that have been reviewed by both Committees.ResultsWe found that in the substantial majority of cases there is no divergence between the conclusions of COMP and PDCO with regard to the condition for which a medicine is to be developed.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate that a collaborative approach allows both Regulations to work synergistically to foster pharmaceutical development for rare diseases in childhood.
37
Hua, Martin, Tristan Boonstra, Patrick J. Kelly, Andrew Wilson, Jonathan C. Craig, and Angela C. Webster. "QUALITY OF HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT REPORTS PREPARED FOR THE MEDICAL SERVICES ADVISORY COMMITTEE." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 32, no. 4 (2016): 315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462316000477.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives:The Medical Services Advisory Committee (MSAC) makes recommendations to the Australian Government for funding health technologies under the Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS). Differences in public, clinical, commercial, and political opinions on health expenditure emphasize the importance of defensible funding decisions. We aimed to evaluate the quality of health technology assessment (HTA) reports over time and among health technologies assessed for MSAC.Main Outcome Measures:A cohort study was performed of HTA reports prepared for MSAC between 1998 and 2013. We measured the quality of HTA reports using reporting guidelines proposed by the European Collaboration for Assessment of Health Interventions. Individual component scores across eleven domains were calculated, and summed for an overall aggregate score. We used linear regression to investigate any change in quality over time and among the types of technologies assessed.Results:We included 110 HTA reports. The safety (80 percent), effectiveness (84 percent), economic (74 percent), and organizational (99 percent) domains were better reported than the psychological, social, and ethical considerations (34 percent). The basic (75 percent), methodological (62 percent), background (82 percent), contextual (46 percent), status quo (54 percent), and technical information (66 percent) that framed each assessment were inconsistently reported. On average, overall quality scores increased by 2 percent (p< 0.001) per year, from approximately 60 percent to 80 percent over the 15-year period, with no significant difference among surgical, diagnostic or other nonpharmaceutical health technologies (p= 0.22).Conclusions:HTA reports prepared for MSAC are a key tool in allocating scarce health resources. The overall quality of these reports has improved, but the reporting of specific domains and subthemes therein could be better addressed.
38
Umana, Etimbuk, Clare Mills, Hannah Norman-Bruce, Kathryn Wilson, Hannah Mitchell, Lisa McFetridge, Kerry Woolfall, et al. "Applying clinical decision aids for the assessment and management of febrile infants presenting to emergency care in the UK and Ireland: Febrile Infant Diagnostic Assessment and Outcome (FIDO) Study protocol." BMJ Open 13, no. 9 (September 2023): e075823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075823.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionFebrile infants 90 days and younger are at risk of invasive bacterial infections (bacteraemia and meningitis) and urinary tract infections. Together this is previously termed serious bacterial infection with an incidence of approximately 10–20%. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidance advocates a cautious approach with most infants requiring septic screening, parenteral broad-spectrum antibiotics and hospital admission. Internationally, variations exist in the approach to febrile infants, with European and North American guidance advocating a tailored approach based on clinical features and biomarker testing. None of the available international clinical decision aids (CDAs) has been validated in the UK and Irish cohorts. The aim of the Febrile Infant Diagnostic Assessment and Outcome (FIDO) Study is to prospectively validate a range of CDAs in a UK and Irish population including CDAs that use procalcitonin testing.Methods and analysisThe FIDO Study is a prospective multicentre mixed-methods cohort study conducted in UK and Irish hospitals. All infants aged 90 days and younger presenting with fever or history of fever (≥38°C) are eligible for inclusion. Infants will receive standard emergency clinical care without delay. Clinical data and blood samples will be collected, and consent will be obtained at the earliest appropriate opportunity using research without prior consent methodology. The performance and cost-effectiveness of CDAs will be assessed. An embedded qualitative study will explore clinician and caregiver views on different approaches to care and perceptions of risk.Ethics and disseminationThis study was reviewed and approved by the Office for Research Ethics Committees Northern Ireland-Health and Social Care Research Ethics Committee B, Public Benefit and Privacy Panel for Health and Social Care Scotland, and Children’s Health Ireland Research and Ethics Committee Ireland. The results of this study will be presented at academic conferences and in peer-reviewed publications.Trial registration numberNCT05259683.
39
Protas, S. V. "REALITIES AND PERSPECTIVES OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE IN UKRAINE." Likarska sprava, no. 5-6 (September 30, 2020): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31640/jvd.5-6.2020(8).
Full textAbstract:
The analysis of "reform" decisions in Ukraine testifies to the deliberate destruction of an outdated but effective preventive (preventive) direction of domestic medicine and the inability of the healthcare system to withstand global challenges without the existence of a real management vertical of anti-epidemic protection of the population. One of the names of a state institution is not enough for the development of the public health system in Ukraine, and the "rebranding" of the executive authorities not only does not facilitate, but also substantially complicates the state's security of its citizens. The issue of the creation of a competent authority in the field of epidemiological surveillance (surveillance) of infectious and non-communicable diseases and their prevention (prevention) is a priority issue of national security of the country. Conclusion. The organizational model of the National Public Health Service (preventive medicine) in the context of healthcare reform based on Ukrainian realities and the provisions of the World Health Organization Resolution EUR/RC61/R2 "Strengthening Capacity and Public Health Services in Europe: Framework Action "adopted at the 61st session of the European Regional Committee on September 14, 2011, as well as the concept of a single health according to the Global Healthcare Agenda.
40
Delgado-Lobete, Laura, Rebeca Montes-Montes, David Méndez-Alonso, and José Antonio Prieto-Saborit. "Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Preliminary Reliability of the Adolescents and Adults Coordination Questionnaire into European Spanish." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12 (June 13, 2021): 6405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126405.
Full textAbstract:
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a developmental disorder affecting motor coordination skills, that frequently persists into adolescence and adulthood. Despite this, very few instruments exist to identify DCD in this population, and none of them are available for Spanish young adults. The purpose of this study was to cross-culturally adapt and preliminarily validate the Adolescents and Adults Coordination Questionnaire (AAC-Q) into European Spanish. The AAC-Q was translated and adapted following international recommendations, including: (a) two independent forward translations; (b) synthesis and reconciliation; (c) expert committee review; and (d) a comprehensibility test. In addition, the internal consistency and homogeneity were examined using a sample of 100 Spanish higher education students. Cultural equivalence and idiomatic differences were addressed to produce the AAC-Q-ES. Findings show that the AAC-Q-ES is a cross-culturally adapted instrument with good preliminary reliability indicators in Spanish young adults (Cronbach’s α = 0.74; corrected item-total correlations = 0.217–0.504).
41
Wasserman, D. "Promoting physical distancing and not social distancing: When the words matter." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.153.
Full textAbstract:
As COVID-19 began to plague the world, the term ‘social distancing’ was frequently used, encouraging people to keep a safe physical distance from others to reduce the transmission of the virus. Despite being well-intended, the term has negative implications, further isolating vulnerable groups in society by evoking feelings of rejection and exclusion. For this reason, the members of the European Psychiatric Association Ethics Committee wrote an e-letter in response to an opinion piece published by Science (https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6484/1282/tab-e-letters), and also wrote to the European Psychiatry (https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.60) and the World Health Organisation explaining why the term ‘physical distancing’ should instead be used among policymakers, governments and the general public. Words are important and carry great meaning. Therefore, by using the term physical distancing and not social distancing the message becomes clear, individuals should remain physically distant but socially connected to protect the vulnerable communities in societies. The World Health Organisation, as well as the Lancet journals, adopting the term physical distancing in replacement of social distancing, was a rewarding and important step in the right direction.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
42
Avram, Alina Mariana, Veronica Dinu, and Lavinia Clonţia. "Comparing national guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of melanoma with international guidelines. What is missing?" Romanian Medical Journal 62, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2015.2.13.
Full textAbstract:
Cutaneous melanoma represents currently a public health problem of worldwide importance. Curative potential in the early stages, the low survival rate in advanced stages, but also the young age of many patients at diagnosis, highlights the need for early detection and appropriate treatment for each case in order to minimize the risk of metastasis. In Romania more than a quarter of patients that are diagnosed with melanoma present advanced disease, stages III and IV AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer), with poor prognosis. Clinical guidelines for diagnosis and treatment are essential tools, based on evidence developed by experts in the field, which reflect the best data available at the time, meant to help clinicians treat melanoma cases. Although cutaneous melanoma represents an important health problem in our country, at the moment, Romania is one of the countries where a complete and periodically reviewed guideline for diagnosis and treatment of melanoma is lacking. Also, in the absence of a uniform approach of these cases in our country the risk of errors can be very high. We aim to review and compare the consensus guidelines of melanoma in USA (NCCN – National Comprehensive Cancer Network) and Europe (guidelines issued by ESMO – the European Society for Medical Oncology and the European guideline developed by EADO – the European Association of Dermato-Oncology and EORTC – European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer) with our guideline proposed by the National Health Ministry, presenting their indications in the treatment of the primary tumor, sentinel node biopsy, adjuvant therapy, chemotherapy and patient follow-up recommendations.
43
Molina Juan, Lucía, Isabel Sospedra, Alejandro Perales, Cristina González-Díaz, Angel Gil-Izquierdo, and José Miguel Martínez-Sanz. "Analysis of health claims regarding creatine monohydrate present in commercial communications for a sample of European sports foods supplements." Public Health Nutrition 24, no. 4 (January 20, 2021): 632–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980020005121.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractObjective:To analyse the information on health claims present in the labelling of creatine monohydrate (CM) products.Design:A descriptive study of a selection of products marketed as CM, with health claims, and that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria, was conducted using the Amazon and Google Shopping websites. The adequacy and compliance of the health claims were evaluated with the European legislative requirements (European Food Safety Authority and European Commission). The results were discussed with scientific evidence criteria from the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, International Olympic Committee, and International Society of Sports Nutrition, as well as the systematic review carried out by Mielgo-Ayuso in 2019.Setting:Health claims in the commercial communications of a sample of CM supplements, in relation to current legislation and scientific knowledge.Participant:A total of 554 CM products were obtained.Results:Of the total sample, only 167 met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Of these, 30·5 % recommended a CM dose of 5·0–5·9 g/d, while 29·9 % recommended 3·0 to 3·9 g/d. As for the health claims, ‘Enhances physical performance’ appeared in 73·1 % of the supplements, in most cases referring to a dosage of 3·0 to 3·9 g/d for these products. The rest of the declarations were not adequate or needed to be modified.Conclusion:Only 25 % of the health claims complied with the criteria established by the scientific reference documents. Most of the declarations must be modified or eliminated, as they could be considered fraudulent and/or misleading for the consumer.
44
Magnavita, Nicola, Angelo Sacco, and Francesco Chirico. "Early COVID-19 pandemic response in Italy: Pros and cons." Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie 18, no. 1 (2020): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20842627oz.20.002.12656.
Full textAbstract:
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, Italy was one of the worst-affected European countries. The rapid surge of cases and the limited capacity of intensive care unit departments have posed a serious threat to the Italian national health system. In this paper we describe the first response and the main measures carried by Italian policy makers, as coordinated by a governmental committee of public health experts, which have succeeded in preventing the pandemic from turning into a disaster. Early closure of the school, quarantine measures and lockdown were put in place and the response of the population has been good overall. Despite the Italian health care system of universal coverage is considered the second-best in the world, during phase 1, the Italian decentralisation and fragmentation of health services probably restricted timely interventions and effectiveness. In northern Italy, Lombardy, Emilia Romagna, Piedmont, and Veneto, which reported most of the Italian cases, carried out different strategies against COVID-19, with great differences in testing, quarantine, and public health procedures. The improvement of the epidemiological situation has allowed an easing of the restrictive measures, with a progressive restarting of work activities. The government and technical-scientific bodies have prepared health strategies to support a possible second epidemic wave in the autumn.
45
Russo, Philip L., Andrew Stewardson, Allen C. Cheng, Tracey Bucknall, Kalisvar Marimuthu, and Brett G. Mitchell. "Establishing the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections in Australian hospitals: protocol for the Comprehensive Healthcare Associated Infection National Surveillance (CHAINS) study." BMJ Open 8, no. 11 (November 2018): e024924. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024924.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionA healthcare-associated infection (HAI) data point prevalence study (PPS) conducted in 1984 in Australian hospitals estimated the prevalence of HAI to be 6.3%. Since this time, there have been no further national estimates undertaken. In the absence of a coordinated national surveillance programme or regular PPS, there is a dearth of national HAI data to inform policy and practice priorities.Methods and analysisA national HAI PPS study will be undertaken based on the European Centres for Disease Control method. Nineteen public acute hospitals will participate. A standardised algorithm will be used to detect HAIs in a two-stage cluster design, random sample of adult inpatients in acute wards and all intensive care unit patients. Data from each hospital will be collected by two trained members of the research team. We will estimate the prevalence of HAIs, invasive device use, single room placement and deployment of transmission-based precautions.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the Alfred Health Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC/17/Alfred/203) via the National Mutual Assessment. A separate approval was obtained from the Tasmanian Health and Medical Human Research Committee (H0016978) for participating Tasmanian hospitals. Findings will be disseminated in individualised participating hospital reports, peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.
46
Elias, Jesse, and Pamela M. Ling. "Origins of tobacco harm reduction in the UK: the ‘Product Modification Programme' (1972–1991)." Tobacco Control 27, e1 (January 12, 2018): e12-e18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054021.
Full textAbstract:
ObjectiveTo better understand the current embrace of long-term nicotine maintenance by British governmental agencies and tobacco harm reduction by several leading British public health organisations, describe the context and deliberations of the UK’s first formal tobacco risk reduction programme: ‘Product Modification’.MethodsAnalysis of previously secret tobacco industry documents, news archives and Parliamentary debate records.ResultsFrom 1972 to 1991, the British government sought to investigate safer smoking through the ‘product modification programme'. The Independent Scientific Committee on Smoking and Health (ISCSH) advised the British government on these efforts and collaborated with the tobacco industry, with which government then negotiated to determine policy. The ISCSH operated from four industry-backed premises, which contributed to the ISCSH’s support of safer smoking: (1) reduced toxicity indicates reduced risk; (2) collaboration with the tobacco industry will not undermine tobacco control; (3) nicotine addiction is unavoidable; (4) to curtail cigarette use, solutions must be consumer-approved (ie, profitable). These premises often undermined tobacco control efforts and placed the ISCSH at odds with broader currents in public health. The product modification programme was abandoned in 1991 as the European Community began requiring members to adopt upper tar limits, rendering the ISCSH redundant.Policy implicationsEndorsements of reduced harm tobacco products share the same four premises that supported the product modification programme. Current tobacco harm reduction premises and policies supported by the British government and leading British public health organisations may reflect the historical influence of the tobacco industry.
47
Niveau, G. "Preventing human rights abuses in psychiatric establishments: the work of the CPT." European Psychiatry 19, no. 3 (May 2004): 146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2003.12.002.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe mission of the European Committee for the prevention of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment (CPT) is to visit all places where people are detained and deprived of their liberty by a public authority, in States which are signatories to the Convention. Within this context, the CPT has visited many closed psychiatric establishments. We have studied reports, which were made public concerning 78 psychiatric establishments visited by the CPT between 1990 and 2001. No act considered to be torture was reported by the CPT, but several cases of deliberate ill-treatment of patients are described. Many serious cases of dysfunction concerning staff, treatment, the use of seclusion and restraint as well as lack of adequate safeguards, were also noted by the CPT. The recommendations, comments and requests for information issued by the CPT are intended to promote the reform of these establishments in order to promote human rights, in the States visited. These recommendations as well as the CPT’s annual reports, serve as reference standards for psychiatric practice, which respect human rights.
48
Wasserman, D. "Compulsory Admissions of Patients with Mental Disorders in Europe: State of The Art on Ethical and Legislative Aspects." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S60—S61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.197.
Full textAbstract:
Globally, mental health legislation has been changing and evolving throughout time. Compulsory admission is when patients with mental disorders are admitted to a psychiatric unit against their own will to receive treatment. In Europe, as public attitudes and practices shifted, compulsory admission procedures were reformed to ensure patient rights and safety. Differences however exist for compulsory admission procedures between countries. In 2018, a survey was created and disseminated by the European Psychiatric Association Ethics Committee to National Psychiatric Associations within 40 European countries to learn more about the legislation, key actors involved, and reasons for admission. Results showed that approximately half of the responding countries required an independent medical expert, typically a psychiatrist, to be involved in the procedure. Most countries by law required the involvement of a court-appointed judge in making the decision about compulsory admission and to review the case after a certain period of time. All but one country have time limits on legal decisions for compulsory admission. Further, patients have the right to obtain legal counsel to assist them through the process of appeal or the decision in most countries. The primary reasons for admission were the patient being a danger to themselves or others. Despite continued efforts, stigma still surrounds mental health disorders. Public awareness and increased knowledge are needed to improve the perception of compulsory admissions. Moving forward, it is necessary to create educational courses, as well as written guidelines for key actors, to stimulate good practice and promote voluntary treatment (Wasserman et al. 2020; https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.79). Disclosure No significant relationships.
49
Dasenaki, Marilena, and Nikolaos Thomaidis. "Quality and Authenticity Control of Fruit Juices-A Review." Molecules 24, no. 6 (March 13, 2019): 1014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24061014.
Full textAbstract:
Food fraud, being the act of intentional adulteration of food for financial advantage, has vexed the consumers and the food industry throughout history. According to the European Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety, fruit juices are included in the top 10 food products that are most at risk of food fraud. Therefore, reliable, efficient, sensitive and cost-effective analytical methodologies need to be developed continuously to guarantee fruit juice quality and safety. This review covers the latest advances in the past ten years concerning the targeted and non-targeted methodologies that have been developed to assure fruit juice authenticity and to preclude adulteration. Emphasis is placed on the use of hyphenated techniques and on the constantly-growing role of MS-based metabolomics in fruit juice quality control area.
50
Sakellarides, C., and D. Z. Paget. "President's column: EUPHA initiatives in public health innovation--new challenges and opportunities * EUPHA office column: Abstract overview--the 2nd joint European Conference on Public Health, Lodz, Poland, 25-28 November 2009 * International Scientific Committee * Health in times of global economic crisis: implications for the WHO European Region." European Journal of Public Health 19, no. 4 (July 20, 2009): 440–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckp088.
Full text