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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'European myth'
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McKinnon, Emily Grace. "Ovid's Metamorphoses: Myth and Religion in Ancient Rome." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1483.
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The following with analyze Ovid’s Metamorphoses, a collection of myths, as it relates to mythology in ancient Rome. Through the centuries, the religious beliefs of the Romans have been distorted. By using the Metamorphoses, the intersection between religion and myth was explored to determine how mythology related to religion. To answer this question, I will look at Rome’s religious practices and traditions, how they differed from other religions and the role religion played in Roman culture, as well as the role society played in influencing Ovid’s narrative. During this exploration, it was revealed that there was no single truth in Roman religion, as citizens were able to believe and practice a number of traditions, even those that contradicted one another. Furthermore, the Metamorphoses illustrated three integral aspects of Roman religious beliefs: that the gods existed, required devotion, and actively intervened in mortal affairs.
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Vukovic, Kresimir. "The Roman festival of the Lupercalia : history, myth, ritual and its Indo-European heritage." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2765ebe9-20ef-47c0-9d48-63c7e8a2fb34.
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The Roman festival of the Lupercalia is one of the most discussed issues in the field of pre-Christian Roman religion. Hardly a year goes by without an article on the subject appearing in a major Classics journal. But the festival presents a range of issues that individual articles cannot address. This thesis is an attempt to present a modern analysis of the phenomenon of the Lupercalia as a whole, including literary, archaeological and historical evidence on the subject. The first section presents the ancient sources on the Lupercalia, and is divided into five chapters, each analysing a particular aspect of the festival: fertility, purification, the importance of the wolf and the foundation myth, the mythology of Arcadian origins, and Caesar's involvement with the Lupercalia of 44 BC. The second section places the Lupercalia in a wider context, discussing the festival's topography and the course of the running Luperci, its relationship to other lustration rituals, and its position in the Roman calendar, ending with an appraisal of the changes it underwent in late Antiquity. The third section employs methods from linguistics, anthropology and comparative religion to show that the Lupercalia involved a ritual of initiation, which was also reflected in the Roman foundation myth. The central chapter of this section discusses the methodology used in comparative Indo-European mythology, and offers a case study that parallels the god of the festival (Faunus) with Rudra of Vedic Hinduism. The last chapter considers other parallels with Indian religion, especially the relationship between flamen and brahmin. The thesis challenges a number of established theories on the subject and offers new evidence to show that the festival has Indo-European origins, but also that it played an important role throughout Roman history.
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Geiger, Nicolas. "The myth of Total Incorporation? : The case-study of French migrants in Sweden." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Human Geography, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-39946.
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The myth of total incorporation ? The study-case of French immigrants in Sweden.
French individuals cannot be gathered into a « specific » migration pattern, and they are all affected by the process of incorporation into the receiving country. The concept of incorporation refers to the linkages between migrants and institutions of the receiving country as well as the receiving society. French migrants are the studied population because of their particular position in Sweden, perceived as « incorporated » and « privileged » populations. The focus is made on the incorporation process, deconstructed into four key points of analysis such as the working conditions, language, housing conditions and finally the culture. Linking theories to the reality of incorporation is possible through this empirical research, where the first part is dealing with the theories and concepts and the second part relates these concepts and theories with the reality of French migrants via interviews.The outcomes are showing that incorporation is a personal process that cannot be forced, and the tendencies are that migrants unconsciously adopt points from assimilation and integration policies, challenging the myth of total incorporation which classically defines population as incorporated/non-incorporated without taking in account that migrants can be incorporated/non-incorporated according to specific points.
Key words: Incorporation, Assimilation, Integration, Sweden, intra-European migration, international migration.
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Hagglund, Sarah. "The Myth of Bologna? Women's Cultural Production during the Seventeenth Century." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1620502410389001.
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Maxson, Brian J. "The Myth of the Renaissance Bubble: International Culture and Regional Politics in Fifteenth-Century Florence." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7763.
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Book Summary: Florence in the Early Modern World offers new perspectives on this important city by exploring the broader global context of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, within which the experience of Florence remains unique.
By exploring the city’s relationship to its close and distant neighbours, this collection of interdisciplinary essays reveals the transnational history of Florence. The chapters orient the lenses of the most recent historiographical turns perfected in studies on Venice, Rome, Bologna, Naples, and elsewhere towards Florence. New techniques, such as digital mapping, alongside new comparisons of architectural theory and merchants in Eurasia, provide the latest perspectives about Florence’s cultural and political importance before, during, and after the Renaissance. From Florentine merchants in Egypt and India, through actual and idealized military ambitions in the sixteenth-century Mediterranean, to Tuscan humanists in late medieval England, the contributors to this interdisciplinary volume reveal the connections Florence held to early modern cities across the globe.
This book steers away from the historical narrative of an insular Renaissance Europe and instead identifies the significance of other global influences. By using Florence as a case study to trace these connections, this volume of essays provides essential reading for students and scholars of early modern cities and the Renaissance.
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Walby, Celestin J. "Answering looks of sympathy and love : subjectivity and the narcissus myth in Renaissance English literature /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3144464.
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Lawson, Michael David. "Children of a One-Eyed God: Impairment in the Myth and Memory of Medieval Scandinavia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3538.
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Using the lives of impaired individuals catalogued in the Íslendingasögur as a narrative framework, this study examines medieval Scandinavian social views regarding impairment from the ninth to the thirteenth century. Beginning with the myths and legends of the eddic poetry and prose of Iceland, it investigates impairment in Norse pre-Christian belief; demonstrating how myth and memory informed medieval conceptualizations of the body. This thesis counters scholarly assumptions that the impaired were universally marginalized across medieval Europe. It argues that bodily difference, in the Norse world, was only viewed as a limitation when it prevented an individual from fulfilling roles that contributed to their community. As Christianity’s influence spread and northern European powers became more focused on state-building aims, Scandinavian societies also slowly began to transform. Less importance was placed on the community in favor of the individual and policies regarding bodily difference likewise changed; becoming less inclusive toward the impaired.
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Mali, Sofia. "A cross-cultural analysis of curatorial practices : Byzantine exhibitionary complexes in three European national museums." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2017. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/25553.
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This thesis presents three main arguments. First, that curating in national museums is a process of meaning making and that the exhibitionary meaning is situated in and mediated by culture, thus, the products of curatorial work, i.e. the exhibitionary complexes are complex political and cultural constructions. Second, that the exhibitionary complexes final visual outcome, i.e. the exhibitionary complexes images and texts result in the presentation of mythological constructs of Byzantium as the only truth to their audiences. Third, that what is finally communicated through the presentation of mythological constructs of Byzantium is national identity and dominant cultural values. The latter is effected through the representation of the Byzantine Empire as part of the identity of the dominant cultural group of the country to which each national museum belongs. National identity is communicated through the exhibitionary complexes, either by suggesting historical continuity of the contemporary national identity of a country s dominant cultural group through Byzantium, as in the case of the Greek national museums, or by undermining the very idea that Byzantine history, European history and British history are so very different, as in the case of the British Museum. Both interpretations are culturally constructed realities . The above approaches are explained through the investigation of exhibitionary meaning around Byzantium, by identifying and analysing the nature and cultural functions of the presuppositions that are involved in each museum s curatorial practices. These presuppositions are the cultural ideas, values and beliefs of the involved dominant cultural groups on Byzantium and on their own identity. My identification and analysis of these presuppositions includes research on the historical, political and cultural context of each museum, the culturally accepted history and art history literature of each country on Byzantium, as well as research on museum archives. By explaining and using the curatorial concepts of democratisation and demystification , adopted and adapted to the practices of the museums under study, and by analysing the British and Greek interpretations of Byzantium, which make themselves apparent in the images and texts of the British and Greek exhibitionary complexes , I provide a cultural account of the making of exhibitionary meaning, explaining contemporary perceptions of Byzantium, its use in identity making and its relation to national politics. By doing this, I also explain the implications of those presuppositions to the making of exhibitionary meaning, and I provide an explanation of how and why the power system of the exhibitionary complex is still in play although we are shifting into the era of the Democratic museum (Fleming, 2008). The concluding remarks of the thesis include suggestions for the further development of the curatorial practices of democratisation and demystification.
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Vettor, Letizia. "Imperii pretium : cultural development and conceptual transformations in the myth of Eteokles and Polyneices from Aeschylus to Alfieri." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/12013.
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This thesis contextualises and explores the reconceptualization of the myth of Eteokles and Polyneices in Greek, Latin and Italian tragedy, the literary genre that more than any other offers the opportunity to trace its progressive transformation across a series of relatively continuous and consistent phases. Within these limits, this study represents the first comprehensive, systematic and detailed comparative analysis of the cultural development of this myth, charting the shaping of its key themes: war and rivalry, autochthony and patriotism, the connection between incest, parricide and fratricide, the effects of predestination/family curse, the clash between private and public interests, and the legitimate limits of power. By means of a close examination of the thesis' main corpus (constituted by Aeschylus' Seven against Thebes, Sophocles' Antigone, Oedipus Tyrannos and Oedipus at Colonus, Euripides' Phoenician Women, Seneca's Oedipus and Phoenissae, Dolce's Giocasta and Alfieri's Polinice) this dissertation demonstrates that the brothers are not merely two stereotypical types whose characterisation as mortal enemies remains static and unvaried. Although their rivalry never stops, the meaning, dynamic and purpose of their struggle are progressively but profoundly transformed throughout the centuries. In particular, I argue that the martial component that initially defined this myth, admittedly important throughout its legacy, is variously adapted to accommodate either a warning against the horrors of violence and subjugation, a cautionary appeal against overly aggressive foreign policy, a denunciation of the unbearable price of civil strife, or an aspiration to pacifism. In parallel, I analyse how the reflection on power and power struggle becomes increasingly predominant, eventually displacing the war theme as the main focus of this myth with a warning against the dangers of tyranny.
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Grigorian, Natasha. "The use of myth in European Symbolism, with reference to selected examples of Symbolist poetry and painting in France, Germany and Russia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424886.
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Schreinert, Erin L. "Britain, European immigrants and the myth of the open door an examination of the racialist argument in British immigration policy 1880-1971 /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1594498381&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Carlson, Cody King. "The Marshall System in World War II, Myth and Reality: Six American Commanders Who Failed." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707257/.
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This is an analysis of the U.S. Army's personnel decisions in the Second World War. Specifically, it considers the U.S. Army Chief of Staff George C. Marshall's appointment of generals to combat command, and his reasons for relieving some generals while leaving others in place after underperformance. Many historians and contemporaries of Marshall, including General Omar N. Bradley, have commented on Marshall's ability to select brilliant, capable general officers for combat command in the war. However, in addition to solid performers like J. Lawton Collins, Lucian Truscott, and George S. Patton, Marshall, together with Dwight D. Eisenhower and Lesley J. McNair, often selected sub-par commanders who significantly underperformed on the battlefield. These generals' tactical and operational decisions frequently led to unnecessary casualties, and ultimately prolonged the war. The work considers six case studies: Lloyd Fredendall at Kasserine Pass, Mark Clark during the Italian campaign, John Lucas at Anzio, Omar Bradley at the Falaise Gap, Courtney Hodges at the Hürtgen Forest, and Simon Bolivar Buckner, Jr. at Okinawa. Personal connections and patronage played strong roles in these generals' command appointments, and often trumped practical considerations like command experience. While their superiors ultimately relieved corps commanders Fredendall and Lucas, field army and army group commanders Clark, Hodges, and Bradley retained command of their units, (Buckner died from combat wounds on Okinawa). Personal connections also strongly influenced the decision to retain the field army and army group commanders in their commands.
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Pace, Jérôme. "Mythopoeïa, ou l’art de forger les « mythes » dans l’« aire culturelle » syro-mésopotamienne, méditerranéenne et indo-européenne." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EPHE5006/document.
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Analysant les « "mythes" de "royauté" », de combat », de jugement », d’"organisation" du "cosmos" » et/ou "fondation" du "royaume" » – nous entendons ces textes « littéraires » à thème « mythologique », centrés sur les activités de divinités appartenant à la typologie du « dieu de l’Orage » dans la perspective « historiographique » de « création » du « cosmos » –, dans l’« aire culturelle » syro-mésopotamienne, indo-européenne et méditerranéenne antique, le présent travail interroge l’existence possible d’une « aire culturelle » « mythologique » – « mythopoïétique » –, indo-méditerranéenne. La proximité reconnue, tant sur les plans « structurel », que « narratif », de ce type particulier de « mythes » pose en effet, que l’on considère, sur un plan « folklorique » et « généalogique », leur possible identité « génétique » – qu’elle soit « préhistorique » ou « horizontale » –, ou, sur un plan « mythopoïétique » et « analogique », leur intégration à une même perspective interprétative, la question de leur comparaison. Quand chacun véhicule un « modèle »/« système » « idéologique » spécifique, en ce qu’il apparaît, dans le cadre donné des « "mythes" de "royauté" », l’expression paradigmatique d’un système « symbolique » particulier, leurs différences précisément non seulement interrogent leur identité « épistémologique », mais invitent également à une contextualisation préciseAnalysing « "myths" of "kingship" », conflict », judgement », cosmos "organisation" » and/or "kingdom" "foundation" » – meaning these « literary » texts with « mythological » themes, focused on the activities of deities belonging to the « Storm-god’s » typology in view of historiographical « "cosmos" "creation" » –, in the syro-mesopotamian, indo-european and ancient mediterranean cultural area, the present work questions the possible existence of a « mythological » – « mythopoieic » –, indo-mediterranean « cultural area ». The recognised proximity, both « structurally » and « narratively », of those particular types of « myths » raises, considering, on a « folkloric » and « genealogical » level, their potential « genetic » identity – whether it is « prehistoric » or « horizontal » –, or, on a « mythopoieic » and « analogical » level, their integration in a common interpretative perspective, the issue of their comparison. When each conveys a specific and « ideological » « model »/« system », as it appears, within the « "myths" of "kingship" », the paradigmatic expression of a particular « symbolic » system, their differences not only ask about their « epistemological » identity, but also beckon a precise contextualisation as well
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Lapparent, Olivier de. "La crise de la civilisation selon Raymond Aron à travers l'exemple européen." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H037/document.
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Le déclin de l'Europe au XXe siècle est un fait incontestable. Peut-on ou doit-on franchir le pas et affirmer que l'Europe, comme civilisation, est condamnée à la décadence? Raymond Aron a analysé durant plus de 50 ans l'évolution de l'Europe à travers ses différentes facettes : idée, construction institutionnelle, sentiment. Il affirme la crise de l'Europe, comme crise de civilisation, pour mieux la combattre. L'Europe a un avenir à condition de penser son Histoire. L'Histoire n'est ni la promesse d'un progrès certain ni la condamnation définitive à la décadence. Le réalisme aronien souhaite éviter deux extrêmes : le moralisme et le cynisme. La proposition de cette thèse est l'introduction du terme «oscillation» entre déclin et vitalité historique : de la décadence au déclin, du déclin à la crise, de la crise au conflit, du conflit à la vitalité, de la vitalité à la créativité et de la créativité à l'action. L'oscillation doit mettre en tension l'Europe pour passer de la crise à la métamorphose. La vertu est le chaînon manquant entre déclin et vitalité historique. Elle permet à la tension de revenir à un point d'équilibre. L'accomplissement de la vertu met en pratique la potentialité, la réponse au défi, l'engagement et la vitalité historique. La survie de la civilisation européenne tient en cette ligne de crête fragile mais tremplin vers un renouveauThe decline of Europe in the twentieth century is an indisputable fact. Can or should we go ahead and say that Europe, as a civilization, is doomed to decadence? Raymond Aron analyzed for more than 50 years the evolution of Europe through its various facets: idea, institutional building, feeling. He assures the crisis in Europe, as a crisis of civilization, to better fight it. Europe has a future. This is about thinking History. History is not the promise of some progress nor the final sentence to decadence. The realism of Aron wants to avoid two extremes: moralism and cynicism. The proposal of this thesis is the introduction of the word "oscillation" between decline and historical vitality: from decadence to decline, from decline to crisis, from crisis to conflict, from conflict to vitality, from vitality to creativity, and from creativity to action. The oscillation should literally energize Europe so as to transform crisis and conflict. Virtue is the missing link between decline and historical vitality. It allows energy to become harmonious again, to its point of equilibrium. The fulfillment of virtue puts into practice potentiality, the answer to challenge, commitment and historical vitality. The survival of the European civilization lies in this delicate edge that is a springboard to a revival
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Stoll, Daniel. "The Aesthetics of Storytelling and Literary Criticism as Mythological Ritual: The Myth of the Human Tragic Hero, Intertextual Comparisons Between the Heroes and Monsters of Beowulf and the Anglo-Saxon Exodus." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/577.
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For thousands of years, people have been hearing, reading, and interpreting stories and myths in light of their own experience. To read a work by a different author living in a different era and setting, people tend to imagine works of literature to be something they are not. To avoid this fateful tendency, I hope to elucidate what it means to read a work of literature and interpret it: love it to the point of wanting to foremost discuss its excellence of being a piece of art. Rather than this being a defense, I would rather call it a musing, an examination on two texts that I adore: Beowulf and the Anglo-Saxon Exodus
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Dodeman, André. "La dynamique de l'ouverture : de la canadianité à l'universalité dans les romans de Hugh Maclennan." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030116.
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Organisé en trois parties, ce travail se propose d’analyser les modalités de la représentation de la nation canadienne dans la fiction de Hugh MacLennan. Ces modalités reposent sur une cartographie qui appelle la représentation de frontières géographiques, culturelles et historiques. Pour mieux les construire, l’auteur s’inspire de certains codes européens. A cette période, l’Europe reste associée aux origines du Canada et elle définit toutes les perspectives nationales en termes de centralité et de périphérie. Le réalisme qui caractérise de nombreux romans européens du XIXe et du XXe siècles n’a cessé d’orienter MacLennan vers une représentation réaliste et ordonnée du territoire national. Au fil du temps, il se distingue des courants moderniste et postmoderne qui tentent de faire face à une crise ontologique de la représentation. Ce travail visera à analyser cette ouverture sur un monde plus vaste qui conduit l’auteur à opérer des choix. Ce sont ces choix qui confèrent une dimension didactique au roman, et les lecteurs sont guidés vers une lecture donnée du mythe national. Néanmoins, tout choix demeure inclusif et exclusif. La cartographie d’une nation résiste difficilement à une société qui change sans cesse de visage. La lecture contemporaine de son œuvre révèle une vision nouvelle du Canada et de sa culture, et la fin de ce travail cherchera à déterminer le rôle qu’a joué sa fiction dans le paysage littéraire canadienThis work, which shall be organized in three parts, offers to analyze how the Canadian nation is represented in Hugh MacLennan’s fiction. These modes include map-making which calls for the representation of geographical, cultural and historical borders. To set these borders, the author resorts to certain European codes. At this period, Europe is still associated with the origins of Canada and continues to define all national perspectives in terms of centrality and periphery. The realism that characterizes many XIXth and XXth century European novels led MacLennan to prefer a realistic and organized representation of the national territory. He progressively set his work apart from modernist and postmodern trends which tried to face an ontological crisis of representation. This work will attempt to analyze these overtures to a wider world that will lead the author to make certain choices. These choices give his novels their didactic dimension, and the readers are directed towards a specific interpretation of the national myth. However, all choices remain inclusive and exclusive. The cartography of a nation has difficulty resisting the ceaselessly changing face of society. The contemporary reading of his work reveals a new portrait of Canada and its culture, and this thesis will try to determine the role that MacLennan’s fiction has played in the Canadian literary landscape
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Popova, Aglika. "L’homme et la femme... « et ils deviendront une seule chair » : (Dé)construction du modèle biblique de la famille dans le roman européen moderne de l’entre-deux-guerres." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAL007.
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La présente étude se focalise sur un des mythes cosmogoniques au fondement de la culture européenne. Mythe de la création et de l’anthropogenèse, le récit biblique du premier couple joue un rôle essentiel pour la compréhension et l’interprétation des rapports entre l’homme et la femme. L’union indissoluble, qui lie Adam et Ève, subit une métamorphose à la suite du péché originel afin de se réhabiliter en tant qu’unité au nom de la famille. Les littératures française, roumaine et bulgare représentent l’objet de l’analyse et nous nous intéressons aux caractéristiques de leur développement pendant la période de l’entre-deux-guerres. Le genre du roman se situe au centre de cette analyse comparative. Il se trouve ainsi saisi au sommet de son épanouissement, il mêle des techniques hétérogènes et traduit l’intérêt renouvelé des écrivains pour des thèmes métaphysiques. Notre entreprise s’appuie sur le modèle du mythe biblique composé de trois phases – création, chute, rédemption – modèle dont l’homme et la femme sont les protagonistes et qui coïncide avec la transition opérée par Adam et Ève du couple à la famille. Nous avons retenu deux représentants de chaque littérature, qui s’insèrent dans les différents courants de pensée de cette époque. Ce sont François Mauriac et Jean Giraudoux (représentants de la littérature française), Liviu Rebreanu et Mircea Eliade (représentants de la littérature roumaine), Tchavdar Moutafov et Anna Kamenova (représentants de la littérature bulgare). La première question, qui se pose devant la lecture comparative de leurs œuvres, concerne les dimensions actuelles, modernes, de l’espace paradisiaque – l’Éden du bonheur absolu et de la plénitude. Des conditions, qui préparent la rupture de la famille éventuelle, se manifestent dès le développement de ce thème. Les écrivains décrivent une nouvelle Ève trouvant difficilement sa place au milieu des conceptions et des attentes traditionnelles. L’étape suivante interroge l’attitude envers les modèles hérités des parents et les caractéristiques de l’image féminine notamment, qui trouble à ce point son créateur – l’auteur. De cette manière, nous nous rapprochons de la réalisation du couple en tant que famille. Nous étudions le discours contemporain sur la position de la famille dans le monde environnant et sur la réconciliation entre les libertés individuelles et la vie ensemble – des thèmes au centre du roman moderneThe present study focuses on one of the cosmogonic myths аt the heart of European culture. The myth about creation and anthropogenesis, the biblical story of the first couple, plays a fundamental role in understanding and interpreting the relationship between the man and the woman. The inseparable alliance that binds Adam and Eve undergoes a metamorphosis after the Original sin in order to be later restored as a full-fledged unity in the name of the family. The subject of comparison are the French, the Romanian and the Bulgarian literature and we are interested in their development characteristics between the two World Wars. The focal point in the comparative analysis is the novel genre, which is in a stage of development in all three literatures. The genre combines heterogeneous techniques, and is a territory for authors’ renewed interest in metaphysical themes. In this endeavour, adherence to the established structure of the biblical myth as combining three phases is sustained – creation, fall and redemption phases – whose protagonists are the man and the woman, and which coincide with the transition of Adam and Eve from a couple to a family. Two representatives from each of the three regional literatures, belonging to different literary movements during this period, are taken as examples. These are François Mauriac and Jean Giraudoux (representatives of French literature), Liviu Rebreanu and Mircea Eliade (representatives of Romanian literature), Tchavdar Moutafov and Anna Kamenova (representatives of Bulgarian literature). The first question posed in the comparative reading of their works concerns the modern, contemporary dimensions of paradise – the Eden of absolute happiness and completeness. The prerequisites for the break as a transition into a family unit are discernible within this theme. The writers describe a new Eve that hardly fits the traditional perceptions and assumptions for her gender. The next stage of the critical reading examines the attitude towards inherited parental models and the characteristics of the female image as a primary concern to its creator – the author. Thus, a gradual approach towards the realization of the last step in the development of the couple, namely, its conversion to a family unit, is achieved. The present analysis focuses on articulating contemporary discourse on the place of the family unit in the surrounding world and on the reconciliation between individual freedoms and life in a community as central themes of the modern novel
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Kozlowska, Olga. "The lived experience of economic migration in the narratives of migrants from post-communist Poland to Britain." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/122520.
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This thesis examines the lived experience of economic migration of young and degree level educated migrants from Poland to Britain. The main aim is to explore how the participants of economic migration within the borders of the European Union experience migrating. The special feature of this migration is the fact that they leave a postcommunist country and come to a country with a well established capitalist economy and long-standing democracy. The particular questions are: how these migrants construct their experience of migrating, are they faced with any problems while doing it, and if so - how do they resolve them? The data comes from twenty-two semi-structured interviews with migrants educated to degree level who were residents and worked in one of the regions of England at a professional level or below their qualifications (manual or simple clerical work). The research utilises the critical discourse analysis perspective; the data is approached with analysis focused on linguistic choices (lexical and grammatical) evident in the respondents’ statements. This kind of analysis enables observation and in-depth interpretation of the way experiences of migrating are constructed. The migrants’ narratives were full of discursive struggle while constructing their experience of migrating. Firstly, the interviewees made an effort to present their migration as rational. Secondly, they were trying to rationalise their financial needs to refute accusations of greed for money. Thirdly, the underemployed migrants justified their employment choices by distancing themselves from work below that which they were qualified for. Fourthly, the interviewees were making an attempt to withdraw from a multicultural community by constructing the negative Other. Exploring lived experience of living and working abroad reveals competitive discourses and ways of coping with ambivalence. Understanding these discursive practices requires knowledge of their beliefs and values that underpin the discourses available in the Polish postcommunist society. Overall, the narratives overflowed with dilemmas that showed this migration as more complicated on an individual level than the official discourse of free movement of people in the EU suggests. This thesis captures the migrants’ lived experience within one year after the EU enlargement; it reflects on the narratives being shaped when migrants were given the opportunity to introduce the new discourses on migration or re-think the old ones as a result of new macro-processes in the European Union. This research complements other studies exploring migrants’ voices in search of insight into what their experiences were and how they made sense out of them. However, with the methodology used, it focuses more on uncovering the struggle over arguments available to build their stories. It offers explanation to their discursive practices by analysing them against the discourses as being products of postcommunism. The study’s results may shed more light on recent processes within this group of migrants and also inform institutional policy and practice about problems affecting members of this group, reported in this thesis.
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El, Gammal Blanche. "L'Orient-Express, configuration littéraire d'un mythe européen (1883-2000)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/235165.
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Cette étude aborde la manière dont l’Orient-Express a été décrit, perçu et imaginé, et s’efforce de mesurer l’écart entre les représentations communes et ce qui se dégage d’un corpus de textes très divers à travers trois grands axes de réflexion :les évocations des itinéraires de l’Orient- Express, les discours tenus sur le train et ses voyageurs, les thématisations et récupérations littéraires dont il a fait l’objet.L’idée directrice du propos est de montrer comment l’Orient-Express, rêve programmé par de très efficaces campagnes publicitaires et suscité par un imaginaire géographique, historique et littéraire puissant, n’a pu pleinement convaincre les voyageurs, mais aussi les écrivains et les lecteurs qui, semble-t-il, ne cessent de déplorer la disparition d’un train et d’un voyage qui n’ont peut-être jamais existé ou qui ne sont jamais vraiment ceux qu’ils imaginaient.Doctorat en Langues, lettres et traductologie
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El, Gammal Blanche. "L’Orient-Express, configuration littéraire d’un mythe européen (1883-2000)." Doctoral thesis, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/263425.
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Brooks, Michael E. "Prester John : a reexamination and compendium of the mythical figure who helped spark European expansion /." Connect to full text in OhioLINK ETD Center, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=toledo1260473876.
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Bruhagen, Åsa. "European Identity-building and the Democratic Deficit - a Europe in search of its 'Demos'." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Political Science, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-557.
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During the last two decades the citizens’ trust in the European Union (EU) has decreased. It has been established that the Union suffer from a democratic deficit which has caused it to impose so called “identity-policies”. There is a need for the citizens to identify with the Union as a foundation of its legitimacy. But there is a problem since there is no clear idea of who constitutes “the people” in the European case.
Democratic theory presupposes a demos and a polity. The problem of the EU is that there are difficulties defining the ‘demos’ – there are difficulties identifying ‘the people’. The fact that the EU is in a situation where it has to deal with ‘peoples’ instead of a ‘people’ (demoi instead of demos) makes it more difficult since demos is closely related to the ‘nation’. Only nations may have states, thus the EU may not have a state. Hence it is difficult for the EU to conceptualize a demos, and without a demos there cannot be democracy. By arguing in this way the great need to create a ‘peoples’ Europe’ is understandable.
The thesis will concentrate on why there is a lack of a demos, or a “We-feeling”, within the Union, why this is a source of anxiety, and what possibly could unite the Union.
Attempts have been made to create a ‘European’ identity through constitution-making (however, a new constitution was recently rejected) and citizenship rights. The Union has also adopted a number of symbols to facilitate the citizens in identifying with the Union. Most of these symbols have been similar to those of the memberstates, thus, the Union has tried to use the methods of nation-building to overcome the legitimacy problem. Still, there is a lack of uniqueness of the Union. This may be for various reasons. Institution-building and constitution-making cannot alone provide democratic legitimacy; social practice and contestation must be included. This should take place in a public sphere but, in order to ‘have’ a public sphere, there must be a certain degree of collective identification.
It has also been claimed that there is a ‘European’ culture stemming from three ancient treasure houses (the ancient Near East, the ancient Greece, and the Roman Empire). Since culture is based on norms, i.e. customs, attitudes, beliefs, and values of a society, it is of importance to the Union when this is what politics are based on.
The study of this topic is relevant since the EU has an increased impact on the lives of its citizens, yet troubles to reach them. There is a lack of communication between the Union and its citizens and the democratic deficit becomes more and more obvious. The methods used by the Union do not seem successful and the issue of a European identity has become a source of anxiety.
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Gorelick, Adam D. "The Enchanter's Spell: J.R.R. Tolkien's Mythopoetic Response to Modernism." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1022.
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J.R.R. Tolkien was not only an author of fantasy but also a philologist who theorized about myth. Theorists have employed various methods of analyzing myth, and this thesis integrates several analyses, including Tolkien’s. I address the roles of doctrine, ritual, cross-cultural patterns, mythic expressions in literature, the literary effect of myth, evolution of language and consciousness, and individual invention over inheritance and diffusion. Beyond Tolkien’s English and Catholic background, I argue for eclectic influence on Tolkien, including resonance with Buddhism.
Tolkien views mythopoeia, literary mythmaking, in terms of sub-creation, human invention in the image of God as creator. Key mythopoetic tools include eucatastrophe, the happy ending’s sudden turn to poignant joy, and enchantment, the realization of imagined wonder, which is epitomized by the character of Tom Bombadil and contrasted with modernist techno-magic seeking to alter and dominate the world. I conclude by interpreting Tolkien’s mythmaking as a form of mysticism.
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Oudaer, Guillaume. "La pseudo-histoire du mythe des invasions d'Irlande." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEP064/document.
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Cette thèse a pour objectif d'analyser les origines de la pseudo-histoire mythique des invasions d'Irlande : les sources classiques antiques ou judéo-chrétiennes de ce cycle légendaire, les survivances indigènes, le processus d'élaboration et sa signification socio-politique. La méthodologie utilisée a été de comparer les éléments dont la source pouvait être indigène à d'autres traditions celtiques ou indo-européennesThe object of this thesis is an analysis of the origins of the mythic pseudo-history of the invasions of Ireland: the classical or judeo-christian sources of this legendary cycle, its native remnants, the elaboration process and its socio-political significance. The methodology we used was to compare the native elements with other Celtic or Indo-European traditions
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Ormes, Sara. "A Masterable Past? Swiss Historical Memory of World War II." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2011. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/honors_theses/4.
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After World War II, every country that had been touched by or involved in the war had to come to terms with its past. In the case of Switzerland, the Swiss government, the army and some of the country’s leadership established a strong official historical memory of the war, portraying Switzerland as a neutral, benevolent and well-fortified country that remained innocent and untouched by the war.
From the 1960s onwards, Swiss artists and intellectuals challenged these myths by presenting alternative views of the Swiss past in their work. Beginning in the 1970s, Swiss historians published an increasing amount of scholarly research concerning Switzerland’s World War II past, and challenging the official historical memory promoted by the government.
In the 1990s, after the discovery of thousands of dormant Swiss bank accounts containing Holocaust assets, Switzerland was forced to adopt a more realistic memory of its involvement in World War II. An Independent Commission of Experts, established by the Swiss government, conducted thorough research about Switzerland’s wartime involvement and published its Final Report in 2002.
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Ilyasoglu, Cigdem. "L’adhésion de la Turquie à l’Union européenne : mythe ou réalité ?" Thesis, Perpignan, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PERP0029.
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Au cours des cinq dernières décennies, la Turquie n’a cessé de montrer son désir profond de devenir un Etat membre de l’Union européenne. Cette étude aura pour but de mettre en exergue l’évolution des relations euro-turques depuis 1959 à nos jours étant précisé que le point de départ sera marqué par le traité d’Ankara, signé en 1963, connu également sous le nom de Traité d’association. En effet, bien que la candidature turque occupe une place importante dans les débats européens, les bases juridiques de la relation euro-turque ne sont quasiment jamais évoquées. La recherche portera également sur les évolutions survenues dans le sillage du Conseil Européen d’Helsinki (1999) qui accorda à la Turquie le statut de candidate à l’adhésion. Malgré de substantielles évolutions positives, les négociations avancent au ralenti. L’adhésion de la Turquie à l’Union européenne ne pourra donc être clairement envisagée que lorsque des réformes réelles et concrètes auront été engagées en Turquie. En effet, même si ces dernières années ont profondément transformé le paysage turc dans de nombreux domaines, on s’aperçoit que les pratiques ne sont pas encore à la hauteur des législations communautaires. Enfin, la persistance du gouvernement turc à ne pas se conformer aux recommandations européennes sur des sujets très sensibles semble remettre en cause la probabilité d’adhésion de la Turquie au sein de l’Union européenneIn the past five decades, Turkey has consistently demonstrated its deeply felt desire to become a European Union Member State. The purpose of the present study is to highlight the development of Euro-Turkish relations from 1959 to nowadays, it being specified that the starting point of this study is the Ankara Treaty, signed in 1963, also known as the Association Treaty. Indeed, although Turkey candidacy is now an important part of the European debates, the legal basis of the Euro-Turkish relations are rarely mentioned. The study will also focus on the developments that occurred when the Helsinki European Council of December 1999 stated that Turkey was a candidate for accession to the European Union. Despite substantial and positive developments, the negotiations are progressing very slowly. Therefore, the Turkish accession to the European Union will only be actively considered, when Turkey incurs tangible and real reforms. Indeed, even though changes in recent years have profoundly transformed the Turkish landscape in many areas, it has been noticed that its practices are still not up to Community legislation. Finally, the likelihood of Turkey’s accession to the European Union seems to be questioned by the Turkish government persistence not to comply with European recommendations on highly sensitive issues
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Kadric, Sanja. "Ottoman Bosnia and Hercegovina: Islamization, Ottomanization, and Origin Myths." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523972390663303.
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Fanger, Johan, and Christian Corbal. "Symbolernas enande makt : En jämförande studie av symbolanvändning i USA och EU." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Social Sciences, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-611.
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Symbols in the hands of politicians can be a powerful tool of manipulation. The usage of symbols in speeches or texts can change a person’s will, without him or her ever knowing it.
We have compared the usage of symbols in the articles surrounding the ratification of the constitution in 18th century America with that of today’s European Union, to see if any similarities between these two cases exists, and what implications this could have for the future of the EU. We have divided the symbols in both cases into different categories so as to enable us to compare the cases to each other. With the help of Masters Theory and the writings of Benedict Anderson and Murray Edelman we have concluded that there indeed exist some similarities between 18th century America and the EU. There seem have been some manipulation on the part of the politicians in order to rebuild the respective unions on more solid foundations. Could the European Union, on the basis of these findings, be assumed to take a course comparable with that of 18th century America?
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Lemaire, Léa. "'Noir et illégal' aux frontières de l'Europe: De la construction d'un mythe à l'émergence d'une gouvernementalité transnationale des migrations. Malte-Bruxelles (2002-2013)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/244981.
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Avec le renforcement des frontières extérieures de l'Union européenne, les îles en Méditerranée sont devenues des lieux clés de la politique de contrôle migratoire. Cette thèse s'intéresse au cas de Malte. Contrairement à Lampedusa ou Lesbos où les migrants qui y sont acheminés sont ensuite transférés vers une métropole, les migrants escortés sur le territoire maltais sont contraints, par la législation européenne, à demeurer sur l'île-Etat. Cette gestion des flux migratoires a impliqué une présence durable de populations subsahariennes sur l'île dont le traitement et l'expérience sont marqués par l'illégalité. En combinant l'analyse des politiques publiques avec l'anthropologie des camps d'enfermement et les governmentality studies, cette thèse pose les questions suivantes : comment les migrants deviennent-ils l'objet de stratégies gouvernementales depuis l'adhésion de l'île-Etat à l'Union européenne en 2004 et comment y réagissent-ils par leurs pratiques ? Dans une ambition théorique, comment conceptualiser ces modes de gouvernementalité ? La littérature sur le contrôle migratoire tend à étudier tantôt les concepteurs et les opérateurs de ces politiques tantôt les populations cibles. En cela, ce champ d'études a tendance à reproduire implicitement la déconnexion opérée par les politiques publiques entre gouvernés et gouvernants. Prenant le contre-pied de ces approches, ce travail se propose de considérer cette déconnexion comme un objet d'étude à part entière. La fabrique du contrôle migratoire sera envisagée comme un processus auquel prennent part, tout en étant déconnectés, tant les récepteurs que les concepteurs. Ces derniers exercent leur agency dans une relation de pouvoir asymétrique. Dans cette perspective, je proposerai le concept de gouvernementalité transnationale à partir de l'étude de la construction des migrations subsahariennes à Malte comme problème européen, de l'enfermement des migrants sur l'île et des politiques de relocalisation et de réinstallation. A la différence des travaux centrés autour de la problématique de l'Etat, le concept de gouvernementalité transnationale permet de relativiser la centralité de la souveraineté. La gestion des migrations est envisagée comme le résultat de négociations politiques entre des acteurs nationaux, internationaux et non-gouvernementaux qui traversent les frontières étatiques. Partant l'enjeu n'est plus d'identifier quels acteurs détiennent le monopole du contrôle migratoire mais quelles sont les formes de contrainte qui s'exercent sur les migrants et quelles sont les marges de manœuvre dont ils disposent ? Sont-ils face à des techniques de pouvoir essentiellement restrictives et punitives ? Je montrerai que la gouvernementalité transnationale des migrations repose en partie sur l'exercice de la violence. L'enfermement systématique des migrants à l'arrivée peut-être prolongé mais il est transitoire ayant vocation à redistribuer les flux migratoires. Il s'apparente à une forme de biopolitique qui s'exerce sur des groupes plutôt que sur des individus. Les migrants sont catégorisés en fonction de critères juridiques et ethniques. Ces derniers sont classés et hiérarchisés en fonction de (non)statuts juridiques qui recoupent leur nationalité. Par ailleurs, les migrants sont présentés par les concepteurs de la politique migratoire de Malte comme étant immobilisés sur une île-frontière de l'Union européenne, ce qui justifie la mise en œuvre des politiques de relocalisation et de réinstallation. Néanmoins, si les migrants sont enfermés de manière temporaire sur l'île, ils sont en fait mobiles. En cela, ils constituent les véritables acteurs transnationaux de cette forme particulière de gouvernementalité. En revanche, le quotidien de l'attente vécu par les migrants à Malte ne se comprend comme un effet pervers et non prévus du dispositif européen de contrôle des frontières mais comme partie intégrante.Due to the strengthening of the external borders of the European Union (EU), the islands of the Mediterranean became key sites of migration control policies. This doctoral research focuses on the case of Malta. Unlike Lampedusa or Lesbos from where migrants are transferred to mainland Europe, the island-state of Malta has to contain migrants who have been escorted to the Maltese territory, according to EU legislation. This management of migration flows has led to the settlement of Sub-Saharan populations on the island and whose treatment and experience are marked by illegality. This dissertation combines public policies analysis, anthropology of confinement with governmentality studies and asks the following questions: how have migrants become the object of governmental strategies following the accession of the island-state to the EU in 2004 and how have migrants reacted to them? How can we to conceptualise these modes of governmentality? The literature on migration control tends to study either policy-makers or target population. In doing so, it reproduces implicitly the disconnection between those who govern and those who are governed. To the contrary, this disconnection is at the centre of my research. I consider migration control as a process involving both policy-makers and beneficiaries, even if they are disconnected. They are subjected to asymmetrical power relations in which they both exercise agency. Following this perspective, I use the concept of transnational governmentality to study how Sub-Saharan migrants in Malta are constructed as an EU problem, how they are detained on the island and become the object of relocation and resettlement policies. Unlike studies that focuse on the State theory, the concept of governmentality goes beyond the centrality of sovereignty. The management of migration is the result of political negotiations between national, international and non-governmental actors. As such, my goal is not to identify who controls migration but rather what forms of coercion are exercised over migrants and how migrants circumvent the constraints imposed upon them. I demonstrate that transnational governmentality partly relies on the exercise of physical violence. Mandatory detention is implemented upon arrival and can last up to 18 months and it aims at redirecting migration flows. In this sense, detention is a form of biopolitics that is exercised over groups rather than over individuals. Migrants are categorised according to legal and ethnic criteria. They are classified and ranked by legal (non-)statuses that overlap with nationality. Although migrants are presented as immobilised populations on an island-border of the EU, which legitimises the implementation of resettlement and relocation policies, they are temporarily contained and they are actually mobile. As such, they are the real transnational actors of governmentality. However, the expectance of relocation, resettlement or departure that migrants experience on the island, is not understood as a side-effect of EU border control policies but as an actual part of them.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
Thèse défendue le 25 janvier 2017 à Aix-en-Provence, Sciences Po Aix (CHERPA)
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Bal, Lider. "Le mythe de la souveraineté en droit international : la souveraineté des Etats à l'épreuve des mutations de l'ordre juridique international." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00721073.
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La notion de souveraineté est souvent analysée, interprétée et critiquée sous un angle purement individualiste, comme appartenant à l'État. Toutefois, en raison de la pluralité des États qui caractérise le droit international, la souveraineté est une notion nécessairement pluraliste. L'analyse de la structure normative et institutionnelle de l'ordre juridique international montre effectivement que la souveraineté appartient à l'ensemble des États et signifie et assure leur statut privilégié dans cet ordre juridique. Dès lors, la souveraineté devient une qualité pour justifier les privilèges et les exclusivités des États par rapport aux autres entités de la scène internationale: tout dérive des États et tout doit nécessairement et obligatoirement passer par les États. Cependant, il existe un certain nombre de phénomènes qui affectent cette configuration état-centrique de l'ordre juridique international. Il s'agit notamment des phénomènes dits de la mondialisation qui font fi des divisions spatiales fondées sur l'organisation politique des États. Dans ce processus de mondialisation qui rend floues et in effectives les frontières étatiques, le rôle des États se trouve de plus en plus affaibli et remis en question. L'émergence de nouveaux acteurs représentatifs et des normativités alternatives est la manifestationde cette évolution qui va dans le sens d'un dépassement de la conception état-centrique du droit international et, par conséquent, d'une remise en question de la souveraineté des États.
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Aktan, Yusuf. "La laïcité : le pilier de l'identité républicaine turque." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020092/document.
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Depuis la fondation de la République Turque en 1923, la laïcité constitue le principe le plus discuté et controversé, notamment car le rejet d’un des autres principes n’a jamais été perçu, comme c’est le cas pour la laïcité, comme impliquant un rejet de la République elle-même. Que signifie la laïcité pour la Turquie ? Le renforcement de l’autorité des élites ? Ou le sens de la République ? Aujourd’hui, comment comprenons-nous la laïcité, et avons-nous besoin de la redéfinir ? Sans réaliser une analyse poussée des fondements socio-religieux du pays, les travaux étudiant la laïcité turque ont tendance à se borner à des descriptions formelles et rigides. La laïcité est le principe juridique exprimant la neutralité de l’État envers toutes les croyances religieuses, et sa purification de toutes références religieuses. Néanmoins dans les faits, nous n’avons jamais vu une telle application de laïcité, si pure et théorique. Ce qui fait de la laïcité un instrument d’oppression est en réalité, un ensemble de symboles et de mythes encerclant le sens de la laïcité. Cet ensemble de symboles et de mythes constitue une religion politique, rigide et incontestable. Pour cette raison, les travaux étudiant l’application du principe de laïcité ont perçu les symboles de la religion politique comme une laïcité distincte et particulière. Dans notre travail, nous allons étudier les bases historiques et philosophiques de la laïcité en Turquie. Notre but est de mettre en relief les origines de la laïcité et son évolution en tant que religion politique, opposée à l’Islam traditionnel et politique. Dans la dernière partie de notre travail, nous allons étudier la laïcité en Turquie dans le contexte de la démocratie, à la lumière de la jurisprudence de la Cour Européenne des Droits de l’Homme, afin de savoir s’il est nécessaire de la redéfinirSince the foundation of the Republic of Turkey in 1923 the secularism « la laïcité » is discussed much more than any other topic and its denial meant the denial of Turkish Republic. However, what does secularism mean for Turkey? Is it the reinforcement of elite’s authorities? Or is it the definition of Republic? Nowadays, how do we understand secularism and do we need to redefine it? In Turkey most of the academic works about secularism are still not brining any additional value rather than staying as another description of secularism. The dictionary description of secularism « la laïcité » is that, the state must be natural against all religious beliefs and do not stand as a reference point for any religion. But in practice, the secularism cannot be defined as straight as its definition, it never appears with those sharp borders and in that purity. The factors, which are transforming secularism from a legitimate view to a control mechanism, are its symbols and myths that are considered as part of secularism. Actually, these myths and symbols are forming an undeniable political religion. For that reason most of the previous academic works which are analyzing secularism by considering these myths and symbols as an add-on to the term of secularism, pushed us to look and create a new definition of this concept. In this work, we will analyse the historical and philosophical basis of secularism. We will also trace the origin and the formation of secularism as a political religion opposite to the traditional and political Islam. In this work, we will analyse the historical and philosophical basis of secularism. We will also trace the origin and the formation of secularism as a political religion opposite to the traditional and political Islam.The final part of work will observe secularism in the light of the jurisprudence of the European Convention of Human Rights and, the democracy in order to understand if the notion of secularism in Turkey requires redefinition
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Ares, Yáñez Berta. "El mito de la Creación en La leyenda del santo bebedor, de Joseph Roth: contrapoética de redención en el umbral de la Segunda Guerra Mundial." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668874.
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El presente trabajo explora la dimensión mística y existencial de La leyenda del santo bebedor (Die Legende vom heiligen Trinker, 1939), que Joseph Roth escribió pocas semanas antes de morir alcoholizado, en el umbral de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. La obra se enmarca en un doble ámbito de reflexión, literario y teológico. El poeta recurre a diversos géneros narrativos para trazar un relato que dialoga con la tradición veterotestamentaria. Asimismo, emplea los recursos de la ironía y del reconocimiento o anagnórisis para dar forma a una «contrapoética» de redención, que deja en evidencia el autoengaño en el camino hacia la trascendencia. En esta alegoría del mal, la figura de Santa Teresa de Lisieux encarna la fe cándida de la cual la humanidad ha sido expulsada, mientras que el contenido simbólico remite al mito de la Creación, en el que éxodo y destierro aluden a un estado de conciencia desdichada, a la ausencia de Dios y a la entrada del mal que destruye la armonía en el mundo.This dissertation explores the mystical and existential dimensions of The Legend of the Holy Drinker (Die Legende vom heiligen Trinker, 1939), which Joseph Roth wrote a few weeks before his death by alcoholism on the threshold of World War II. Roth's work is framed within a two-fold field of reflection, both literary and theological. The poet employs a variety of narrative genres to create a story that is in dialogue with Old Testament tradition. He also draws upon the resources of irony and recognition or anagnorisis to shape a "counterpoetics" of redemption, which in turn reveals self-deception on the path towards transcendence. In this allegory of evil, the figure of Saint Thérèse of Lisieux embodies the candid faith from which humanity has been expelled, while the symbolic content refers to the myth of Creation, in which exodus and exile allude to a state of desolate consciousness, to the absence of God and to the arrival of evil, which destroys harmony in the world.
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McDonald, John Andrew. "Inherited bovine aspects in Greek reflexes of the Indo-European serpent-slaying myth." 2006. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/mcdonald%5Fjohn%5Fa%5F200605%5Fma.
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""Leben wie gott in Frankreich": German identity and the myth of France, 1919-1945." Tulane University, 1998.
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France, although an enemy in the recent war, had always provided a reliable model in times of crisis, and since the seventeenth century, it had remained a static presence in the German consciousness. In the wake of the First World War, France, as an established nation with respected cultural traditions and enduring national myths, functioned as an important 'other' nation against which the Germans could compare their own national development This dissertation examines the Germans' understanding of France as a cultural counter identity in the years 1919 through 1945, calling attention to their repeated recourse to French cultural symbols in their cultural production of these years. The dissertation begins with an analysis of the broader German conceptions of France and its enduring cultural traditions. Chapters 2 and 3 investigate the myth of France in general terms, exploring its persistence as a geographical and cultural presence in the German consciousness. As this dissertation will show, many of the traditional French symbols and ideals (the French Revolution, the French Resistance, French patriotism, the notions of the artiste engage, those of liberte, egalite, and fraternite) converged for the Germans in the symbol of Paris and the cultural heritage of France, both of which united for them the broad concept of the 'nation' with particular political, philosophical, and literary traditions. The two following chapters take a much narrower approach to the question of identity/counter-identity, examining the French symbols and heroes which populated German writing of the interwar years and their roles in helping the Germans negotiate their own road to nationhood. The concluding chapter, 'Ewiges Frankreich (Eternal France),' synthesizes the evidence presented in the five preceding chapters and attempts to elicit from these views a better understanding of the German expression 'Ewiges Frankreich,' a phrase which appears repeatedly in the writings of German exiles and soldiers in the 1930s and 1940sacase@tulane.edu
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Cannady, Lauren R. "Materiality, the model, and the myth of origins problems in eighteenth-century European terracotta and its reception /." 2006. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/cannady%5Flauren%5Fr%5F200608%5Fma.
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Garceau, André. "Andreas Hofer : the modernization and Europeanization of the Tyrolean national myth." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24184.
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Depuis le début de la crise des réfugiés en Europe en 2014, nous observons une montée du nationalisme au sein de l’Union européenne. L’apparition de groupes nationalistes et anti-migrants nous montre cette tendance, puisque même en Allemagne, l’Alternativ für Deutschland, un parti d’extrême droite s’est implanté dans l’espace politique. L’Union européenne fait présentement face à une crise d’identité, selon Thierry Chopin de la fondation Robert Schuman et Gérard Bouchard, de l’institut Jacques-Delors. Selon eux, l’Union devrait puiser dans les différents mythes nationaux ayant déjà une forte résonnance au sein des différents pays-membres plutôt que d’en inventer de nouveaux.
Le mythe d’Andreas Hofer est un bon exemple de ce phénomène. Le héros de la rébellion de 1809 contre l’occupation bavaroise au Tyrol jouit d’une forte popularité au Tyrol et au Tyrol du Sud, en Italie. Son nom se retrouve sur des enseignes d’auberge, sur des panneaux de rue, et de multiples statues peuplent le paysage tyrolien. Depuis 1984, le mythe de ce héros est entré dans une phase de changement : il est désormais possible de remettre en question la trame du mythe et des événements y étant liés, bref, de douter. À l’aide d’articles de journaux concernant le mythe et ses diverses manifestations (événements culturels, expositions dans divers musées, célébrations, débats politiques, etc.), nous tracerons l’évolution du mythe d’Andreas Hofer depuis l’entrée de l’Autriche au sein de l’Union européenne. Nous observons l’évolution du mythe en trois phases : celle de la modernisation, de la consolidation lors des célébrations du 200ième anniversaire de la rébellion de 1809, et, finalement, celle de l’européanisation. Nous démontrerons ainsi que, contrairement à ce que pensaient plusieurs chercheurs sur le sujet, le mythe est encore très présent aujourd’hui.Since the European refugee and migrant crisis began in January 2015, nationalism has grown in popularity again across Europe. The number of nationalist parties and anti- migrant movements have increased to a point where there is once again a far-right movement, the Alternativ für Deutschland, in Germany; something thought impossible until recently. The EU itself is facing an identity crisis, as identified by Thierry Chopin of the Robert-Schuman Foundation and Gérard Bouchard of the Jacques-Delors Institute. Both scholars have argued that, instead of creating new national myths to bolster its political support, the EU should exploit existing ones, and indicated that they might already be doing so. Still, the extant literature does not explain how this mythological reframing influences local, mediated discourses and policies. Therefore, the Euroregion of Tyrol- South-Tyrol-Trentino’s Andreas Hofer mythology and its impacts are still strong candidates for study. Indeed, Hofer, who was called the “rebel of the Alps” during the Napoleonic wars, has always enjoyed high popularity in both Tyrol and South-Tyrol in Italy, where his name is on street signs, hotels, and the many statues dedicated to him. Since 1984, Hofer mythology shifted in ways that challenged its traditional narratives. This shift was accomplished, in part, by newspaper articles covering the myth and its various manifestations (e.g., museums, cultural events, and other celebrations). Therefore, the current study traces the myth’s evolution back to Austria’s entry into the EU in 1995 to demonstrate that this folk-hero mythology underwent three stages of development: 1) Modernization, where the myth took on new forms to fit its current local contexts; 2) consolidation, where this new Hofer-imagery coalesced during the rebellion’s 200th-year celebrations in 2009, and, finally; 3) Europeanization. We conclude that, in this final stage, contrary to popular scholarly belief, Hofer and his mythology are still very salient topics and political tools in, not only the Euroregion, but now, also across the whole of Europe.
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Druckman, Risha Druckman Amadea. "The Nature of the Wind: Myth, Fact, and Faith in the Development of Wind Knowledge in Early Modern England." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9960.
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Historically, the wind has functioned in multiple capacities, both physically and symbolically. The following study explores the ways in which natural history, myth and folklore, craft knowledge, and religion contributed to a growing body of knowledge about the wind at a moment in British history when wind knowledge assumed unprecedented political and economic significance. How did people come to know the wind and to narrate and communicate wind knowledge in the seventeenth century? What work did these complex and competing narrations perform? And what do they make visible? In pursuing these lines of inquiry, my work brings together three principle bodies of knowledge: Environmental History, History of Science, and British Imperial history; and it draws upon documents that include scientific treatises, written records of oral anecdotes and weather wising, religious sermons, travel narratives, fictional novels, and imperial correspondence. I argue that because the wind and wind knowledge were ubiquitous to the emerging success and identity of the British empire, a great variety of historical actors sought to control and narrate what wind knowledge was, where it came from, and what political work it should do. These efforts were unequivocally rooted in first hand experience and observation of the wind--maker's knowledge--and created what I call an intellectual commons that enabled commoners as well as elites to shape and briefly control the contours of wind knowledge in early Modern Britain and its expanding empire.
Dissertation
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Vodrážka, Prokop. "Zlý Brusel! Proč česká média vypouštějí euromýty." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-398645.
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The diploma thesis Evil Called Brussels! Why Czech Media Release euromyths deals with the issue of Euromyths. The aim of the thesis is to find out which common elements have the articles that are considered euromyths. The paper examines twenty cases of misinformation or inaccurate information about the European Union and consequently determines what the main issues are. The thesis deals with the definition of the word euromyth and its theoretical framing. The thesis shows on individual media articles where the journalists make the biggest mistakes and how to prevent those mistakes. The thesis describes the functioning of the work of the foreign rapporteur with advice on how to improve the Czech referencing on the EU. The theoretical part sets the boundaries of content analysis. The analytical part confirms that there are simple intelligence procedures that would greatly improve the journalist reporting on the EU.
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Dundzila, Audrius Vilius. "Maiden, mother, crone Goddesses from prehistory to European mythology and their reemergence in German, Lithuanian, and Latvian Romantic dramas /." 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/24514194.html.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1991.Vita. Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 277-291).
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MAŇUROVÁ, Petra. "Etické dilema a etický konflikt v evropské kultuře." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-50870.
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The diploma work deals with ethical dilemmas and conflicts in the European culture. It examines the disturbance of the human destiny in the paradigmatic characters of Antigone and Hamlet. On the basis of the two tragedies, the diploma work tries to reconstruct ethical teaching standing in the background of these two pieces of work. The diploma work is divided into four main chapters. In the first two chapters I concentrated, on the basis of professional literature, on the principal works Antigone and Hamlet. Then I handled the personality of the main characters, their contemplation of the problem, their thinking about how to make a decision and how they came to the way to solve their own situation. The third chapter deals with disturbance of human destiny. The fourth chapter is a synthesis of all the information which I gained while dealing with the topic of the diploma work.
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Zaor, Olga. "V hlíně snů a skutečnosti. Autobiografické postupy v próze Pavla Růžka a Jerzyho Pilcha." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-332021.
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The present thesis explores works of Pavel Růžek and Jerzy Pilch, its central focus being the analysis and interpretation of their approach towards one's own biography and one's identity as a writer. Although both authors come from the same generation, they address different literary traditions and construct different poetics. What they have in common, however, are literary motifs rooted in their biographies, such as alcoholism, the mythology of childhood, [the existence of] "fateful places," even particular types of women or other characters (including animals). Additionally, the thesis scrutinises the position of both writers in the consciousness of Polish and Czech readership along with their place on the two literary markets.
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Martins, José António Teixeira. "A Europa : (60 anos) em estado de "crise" : mitos e realidades." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.2/6658.
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Este trabalho tem como objetivo elaborar sobre se a perceção generalizada de um
estado de “crise” permanente na Europa nos últimos 60 anos tem algum sentido ou
se se trata de perceções que usam apenas o termo, mas que, na sua essência, ficam
desviadas do conceito atribuído à palavra “crise” e que deriva da palavra grega “krísi”.
Num primeiro momento, fazemos um percurso sobre as nossas motivações de base associadas
à elaboração desta dissertação, passando pelos conceitos e perceções de “crise”. Definimos
quatro novos marcadores — debilidade estrutural; debilidade permanente; problema
dinâmico; evolução societária — como hipóteses de substituição da palavra “crise” e alocamos
três fatores — Política, Energia e Emprego/Desemprego — comummente associados a
estados de “crise” a que juntamos um geral — Evoluir — que, não estando dentro do quadro
de perceção daqueles 3, nem sendo entendido como fomentador de “crise”, serve, no nosso
entender, como justificação geral para a inquietude percebida como “crise”. Na sequência
confronta-se o quarteto de hipóteses levantadas com perspetivas diversas de explicação do
conceito de “crise”.
Num segundo momento, sobrevoamos a história e a geografia das crises na Europa.
Num terceiro momento, abordamos a arquitetura institucional da construção e integração
europeia, iniciada em 1951 com a CECA, com curso até ao presente com a atual
União Europeia, sempre em contraponto com o potencial estado de “crise” de cada etapa.This work aims to elaborate on if the general perception of a state of “permanent crisis” in Europe in the last 60 years has any sense or if there are perceptions using just the term, but, on his goal are diverted from concept attributed to the word “crisis” that derives from the Greek word “krísi”. At first, we make a journey on our basic motivations associated with the preparation of this dissertation, passing by the concepts and perceptions of “crisis”. We define four new markers — structural weakness; permanent weakness; dynamic problem; society evolution — as a chance of replacing the word “crisis” and allocate three factors — political, energy and employment/unemployment — commonly associated with the states of “crisis” that joined a general — evolution — that is not inside the frame of lack of those 3, or being perceived as developer of “crisis”, in our view, serves as a justification for the concern perceived as “crisis”. Following is faced the assumptions quartet with different perspectives explanatory of the concept of “crisis”. Secondly, we make an overflight of the history and geography of “crises” in Europe. In a third moment, we reviewed the institutional architecture of the European construction and integration, started in 1951 with the ECSC, with progress to date with the current European Union, always in counterpoint with the potential state of “crisis” of each step.
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"Myths and realities of French imperialism in India, 1763-1783." Tulane University, 1989.
Find full textAbstract:
The epochs of Indian History have been determined from time to time by the appearance of foreign influences. Of immeasurable significance for India was the coming of the Europeans, for it eventually transformed the political destiny of the country. Inevitably, France, one of the five great European maritime powers of the time, had been vitally involved in this historic process. Yet, though there exists a cornucopia of material on French commercial history in the East Indies and on the various military and commercial phases of the Anglo-French rivalry in India, no one has so far undertaken to study the true character of the French presence in India from 1763 to 1783, within the setting of French global policy after the Seven Years' War. This is what the present study has endeavored to do According to conventional wisdom, and even scholarly opinion, the French were imperialistic in India. Yet a review of the French government's policy from 1763 to 1783 shows that, on the contrary, the French were, with remarkable consistency, non-expansionist in India. The Indian policy of the French government constituted only one part of its wider strategy to unseat British predominance throughout the world, and to retrieve France's position as a first-rank Power in Europe. The French government schemed to attack the founts of British power in India and in North America, not to succeed to British domination in these regions, but to liberate them In India, the French through a policy of diplomatic intrigue, labored to expel their rivals from the country. The story of the French presence in India post-1763 is largely the story of a desperate struggle by Frenchmen to block the extension of British imperialism in the region. The ultimate end was to restore freedom and liberty on the Indian soil. The French government may have aspired to establish in India a network of trade but not an empire of conquest. The prevailing belief that the French conflict with the English in India was primarily a conflict for an 'Indian Empire' may now be revealed for what it always was: a mythacase@tulane.edu
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BLANCO, SIO-LOPEZ Cristina. "The illusion of neutral time : myths and perceptions of the process of eastward enlargement of the European Union, 1990-2004." Doctoral thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/10405.
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Examining Board: Prof. Pascaline Winand (Monash University and EUI) - supervisor; Prof. Kiran Patel (EUI); Prof. Mercedes Samaniego Boneu (University of Salamanca); Prof. Ariane Landuyt (University of Siena)Defence date: 29 July 2008
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
No abstract available
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Kuo, Nai-Hsuan, and 郭乃瑄. "An Analysis of the myths of Luxury Goods - A comparative study of the Chinese Editions of the European and Japanese Women’s Magazines." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76145327902139852003.
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碩士淡江大學
大眾傳播學系碩士班
95
International luxury industry has flourished in Taiwan recently. Many articles have pointed out the consumption of luxury goods facilitated by mass media is not confined to the higher SES groups. However, more exquisite analyses about the trend have yet to be done. Therefore, this research aims to examine the advertising presentation of luxury brands in the Chinese editions of the European and Japanese women’s magazines. This research focuses on two main questions. First, what kinds of advertising messages in the magazines are used to communicate with their potential consumers? Second, what are the myths or discourses constructed within women’s magazines which encourage the consumption of luxury goods? The research method of examination, which is based on theoretical assumptions of commodity fetishism, Baudrillard and Bourdieu’s statements about consumption, discloses the ideologies hidden in the discourses and advertisements within the women’s magazines by using discourse analysis and semiology. The findings are as follows: First, luxury industries usually use 15 (except”others”) kinds of message patterns to communicate with their consumers. Second, the advertising messages in the Chinese editions of the European women’s magazines are more complicated and ideological than those in the Chinese editions of the Japanese women’s magazines. Third, there are various constructed myths in the Chinese editions of European women’s magazines. For instance, “noble” in Louis Vuitton , “sexy” in Gucci and “young and independent” in Chanel. Last but not the least, international luxury industries obviously try to conceal the “commodity” nature of luxury goods in their media or advertising presentations. Therefore, we need to recognize the real intention of luxury industries while casually reading through those images in the women magazines for pleasure.
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Palieps, Jânis R. "Les daïnas des lettons et les hymnes védiques : étude comparative dans le domaine mytho-poétique indo-européen." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7337.
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Thomas, Vanessa. "Représentations européennes des corps africains au cours des premiers contacts sur les rives atlantiques, (1341-1508): le passage du mythe à la construction du réel par l'experience vécue." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/9934.
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Tese de mestrado, História (História de África), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2013Durante as Grandes Descobertas europeias decorreu o encontro dos Europeus com a parte ocidental do mundo. Em 1434 o espaço atlântico abre-se para sul com a travessia do Cabo Bojador e em 1499 para oeste com a América. Contudo, são as Canárias que logo no início do século XV inauguram a abertura do espaço. Permanecendo por muito tempo no campo do maravilhoso, temos de esperar 1341 para que um contacto vivido neste arquipélago seja registado. A partir desta data, um século e meio de primeiros contactos vão decorrer no espaço atlântico, espaço mítico por excelência onde as Canárias vão predizer o encontro ulterior com a América. Os mitos, por muito tempo restringidos ao arquipélago canário, vão ser rejeitados para oeste uma vez o contacto estabelecido. Os três espaços ficam assim ligados entre eles e com a Europa pelo Oceano Atlântico, transportador das representações europeias. É no seio deste espaço que analisamos as representações dos Africanos para mostrar como se estruturam no tempo. Estas representações são construções discursivas das realidades observadas que ocorrem antes do contacto linguístico, isto é, quando o contacto passa ainda unicamente pelo corpo. É graças à desconstrução da dicotomia tradicional entre identidade e alteridade, considerando-as como originalmente ligadas, que o corpo acaba por ser a primeira interface entre as duas entidades em contacto no encontro. Propomos um estudo sistemático e analítico das representações do corpo dos Africanos contextualizando-as no conjunto das representações atlânticas. Este paralelismo entre as representações dos diferentes espaços permite uma maior e mais profunda compreensão das representações dos Africanos, enriquecendo a sua leitura. Por outro lado, a inclusão das Canárias no estudo da evolução das representações vai permitir o regresso às origens dos mitos dos quais as representações se alimentam na sua construção e assim, analisar desde o seu início a estruturação das representações dos Africanos.
RÉSUMÉ: Pendant les Grandes Découvertes européennes a lieu la rencontre des Européens avec la partie occidentale du monde. En 1434 l’espace Atlantique s’ouvre vers le sud par le franchissement du Cap de Bojador et en 1492 vers l’ouest avec l’Amérique. Toutefois, ce sont les Canaries qui dès le début du XVe siècle inaugurent l’ouverture de cet espace. Si l’archipel a longtemps été le champ du merveilleux, il faut attendre 1341 pour qu’un contact vécu soit finalement enregistré. À partir de cette date, un siècle et demi de premiers contacts vont se dérouler dans l’espace atlantique, espace mythique par excellence où les Canaries présageront la rencontre ultérieure avec l’Amérique. Les mythes longtemps cantonnés à l’archipel canarien seront rejetés vers l’ouest une fois le contact établi. Les trois espaces sont ainsi reliés entre eux et à l’Europe par l’Océan Atlantique, transporteur des représentations européennes. C’est au sein de cet espace que nous analysons les représentations des Africains afin de mettre à jour leur structuration dans le temps. Ces représentations sont des constructions discursives des réalités observées qui ont lieu avant même le contact linguistique, lorsque l’échange ne passe encore que par le corps. C’est en déconstruisant la traditionnelle dichotomie entre identité et altérité pour les considérer comme originellement liées que le corps peut devenir la première interface entre les deux entités en contact dans la rencontre. Nous proposons une étude systématique et analytique des représentations du corps des Africains en les contextualisant dans l’ensemble des représentations atlantiques. La lecture des représentations des Africains en ressort ainsi enrichie, la mise en parallèle des représentations des autres espaces en approfondissant la compréhension. De plus, la considération des Canaries dans l’étude de l’évolution des représentations va permettre de remonter aux origines des mythes dont se nourrissent les représentations dans leur construction et ainsi d’analyser depuis le commencement la structuration des représentations des Africains.
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Cankech, Onencan Apuke. "Examining the Wrongs Against the Present African Women: An Enquiry on Black Women’s Roles and Contributions from Antiquity - A Black African Male Scholarly Comparative Perspective." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/24546.
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The thesis examined the roles and contributions of Black women during the African ancient civilization by analyzing the lives, roles and contributions of Queen Hatshepsut and Nefertiti as case studies and interrogates how Black women positioned themselves as political, military and spiritual leaders during the age of antiquity. The argument is that African women were more involved as leaders in the affairs of their communities as compared to the contemporary times. By using African centered paradigms, Afrocentricity and juxtaposing robust anti-colonial and Black feminist thoughts, the thesis investigates and recreates systematic narratives of the past roles of African women at the very height of African civilization, discussed the changes in sex-gender roles and explained why contemporary women continue to experience difficulties in assessing position of leadership and resources. The study reproduces measured facts to confront the blurred roles and contributions of African women and situates it at the centre of education.