Journal articles on the topic 'European hospitality sector'
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Campos Soria, Juan Antonio, and Luis Robles Teigeiro. "The employment multiplier in the European hospitality industry: a gender approach." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 31, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 105–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-10-2017-0675.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to estimate the capacity of the predominant activity of the Hotel and Restaurant (H&R) sector to create female employment in European Union (EU) countries. Design/methodology/approach The methodology used was conducted in two stages. First, a branch employment multiplier was calculated using the Leontief input-output tables (IOTs), which show the direct and indirect capacity of the activity to generate female employment. Second, a regression model was estimated to explain the determinants of the female employment multiplier in the H&R sector. It should be noted that the reliability and simplicity of the proposed model allows countries without IOTs, but with gender-disaggregated labor statistics, to easily estimate their own female employment multiplier. Findings The results show that the job-creation capacity of the H&R sector significantly varies across the EU countries, especially in relation to the female employment multiplier. Although international differences in gender wage gaps help to explain such multipliers, institutional factors and feminization rate also play a key role. Research limitations/implications The results may contribute to improving the actions of member states to stimulate the sustainable development of the tourism sector. Originality/value Based on previous literature, the finding that higher tourism expenditure may result in increases in tourism employment gives rise to another set of interesting questions. The most fundamental of these may concern the nature of the economic underpinnings of the growth of female employment. This paper contributes to this issue by conducting a specific analysis across EU countries using a homogenous and comparable methodology.
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Capdeville Chapuzet, Amaury, and Bambang Hadi Prabowo. "Cost Competitiveness and Structural Changes of The Hospitality Sector in Europe." Tamansiswa Accounting Journal International 3, no. 1 (October 21, 2021): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54204/taji/vol312021005.
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We investigated 120 hotels in 5 European countries to collect data for the 2010-2020 time period. The cost of labor and human capital is an important indicator of the competitiveness of the hospitality industry. We analyze human capital from work or performance. We use the Input-Output to measure performance.Based on the results of the regression and analysis, it can be seen that from 5 countries there are centers of tourism and high hospitality competitiveness, namely France and Spain. This difference in competitiveness affects the occupation of the hotel and the performance of the hotel business. The labor factor also follows based on the center of tourist attraction in 5 countries.
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Williams, Colin C., and Ioana Alexandra Horodnic. "Regulating the sharing economy to prevent the growth of the informal sector in the hospitality industry." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 29, no. 9 (September 11, 2017): 2261–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-08-2016-0431.
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Purpose To tackle one of the main negative consequences of the sharing economy, namely, the growth of the informal sector, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate for the first time the impacts of the informal sector on the hospitality industry and then to discuss what needs to be done to prevent the further growth of the informal sector in this industry. Design/methodology/approach To evaluate the impacts of the informal sector on the hospitality industry, data are reported from 30 East European and Central Asian countries collected in 2013 in the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey. Findings The finding is that 23 per cent of hotels and restaurants in Eastern Europe and Central Asia report competing against unregistered or informal operators, and 13 per cent view these informal competitors as a major or severe obstacle. The larger the business, the greater is the likelihood that the informal sector is considered their biggest obstacle. Practical implications To prevent the further growth of the informal sector in the hospitality industry, regulation of the sharing economy will be required. To achieve this, it is shown that state authorities need to adopt both direct control measures that alter the costs of operating in the informal sector and the benefits and ease of operating formally, as well as indirect control measures that reduce the acceptability of operating in the informal sector. Originality/value This is the first paper to evaluate the impacts of the informal sector on the hospitality industry and to outline the policy measures required to prevent its further growth with the advent of the sharing economy.
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Carlisle, Sheena, Stanislav Ivanov, Corne Dijkmans, and Bartolome Marco-Lajara. "Environmental Skills Gaps in Tourism and Hospitality Organisations." Tourism 70, no. 3 (June 14, 2022): 411–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37741/t.70.3.6.
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This research analyses the current self-reported level of proficiency of environmental skills, the required future level of proficiency, and the gaps between them. Given the increasingly urgent need for the tourism industry to take action to support environmental management practices, this research provides evidence of key environmental skill gaps. Mixed methods research is applied where the sample includes 1404 respondents to a questionnaire and 264 interviewees from senior management of organisations from five tourism sectors (accommodation establishments, food and beverage outlets, destination management organisations, tour operators and travel agents, visitor attractions) in eight European countries. Analysis of variance, t-tests, correlation and cluster analyses, and Pearson Chi-square tests were employed for data analysis. The findings revealed that the country of registration, the size and the tourism sector type influence significantly the current and future proficiency levels of environmental skills, and the gaps between them. Most respondents did not receive environmental skills training. Theoretical, managerial and policy implications are also discussed.
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Singh Mahato, Gyaneshwor Prasad, and Anish Dahal. "Boris Lissanevitch and Nepali Tourism: History Revisited." Journal of Tourism and Himalayan Adventures 3, no. 1 (August 19, 2021): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jtha.v3i1.39114.
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In the transitional phase of Nepal, attaining peoples’ democracy in the 1950, the tourism and hospitality sector witnessed dynamism. The isolated Nepal was on the way of opening for tourism. This paper tries to frame a picture of the era of 1950s in Nepal when commercial tourism was introduced. An overlooked pioneer, Boris Lissanevitch, who established the international-standard Royal Hotel in Kathmandu in 1954, assisted in making key changes in the progression of tourism as visa issuance, hospitality modernization, management of royal events, sightseeing activities, accomplishing inter-continental land cruise, and introduction of European vegetables and dishes. His vision of tourism as an economic sector led Nepal attaining its golden age (of tourism) thus paving the way for other tourism and hospitality enthusiasts to establish similar businesses. This paper aims at interpreting and appreciating the efforts Boris made in the development of tourism in Nepal among tourism scholars and stakeholders
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Arzoumanidis, Ioannis, Anna M. Walker, Luigia Petti, and Andrea Raggi. "Life Cycle-Based Sustainability and Circularity Indicators for the Tourism Industry: A Literature Review." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (October 27, 2021): 11853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111853.
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The tourism industry is one of the fastest growing sectors, even though in the last couple of years there has been a negative effect due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This growth has led to an increase in environmental, economic and social impacts. Furthermore, the transition towards a circular economy has become one of the priorities of the European Union given its orientation towards sustainable development. However, the concept of circular tourism has been poorly analysed until now. This paper aims at identifying a set of life cycle-based sustainability- and circularity-related indicators for the hospitality sector by means of a literature review and a content analysis. It presents an overview of the most relevant themes and indicators in the tourism sector, showing that carbon footprint and resource-related indicators are especially relevant. Given the complexity of the measurement of circularity and the fact that life cycle-based indicators have started to be considered in this field, the paper also proposes some criteria for indicator selection to make their application more feasible for hospitality actors.
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Styles, David, Harald Schoenberger, and José Luis Galvez-Martos. "Water management in the European hospitality sector: Best practice, performance benchmarks and improvement potential." Tourism Management 46 (February 2015): 187–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.07.005.
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Ariza-Montes, Antonio, Juan M. Arjona-Fuentes, Rob Law, and Heesup Han. "Incidence of workplace bullying among hospitality employees." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 29, no. 4 (April 10, 2017): 1116–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-09-2015-0471.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to the address the key factors of workplace bullying among hospitality employees, as workplace bullying results in damaging consequences on both individuals and organizations. Design/methodology/approach This study first defines the phenomenon of workplace bullying and then reviews the related literature. Data are collected from a sample population of 238 hospitality employees obtained from the latest European Working Conditions Survey. Logistic regression analysis is used to achieve the study objectives. Findings Results from the binary logistic regression model show the main personal and organizational factors related to the probability of workplace bullying. The logistic regression model explains 76.4 per cent of the total variations in the sample. The model correctly classifies 78.1 per cent of hospitality employees who did not feel bullied in their profession and 74.1 per cent of employees who did feel bullied. Practical implications The authors’ findings imply that responsible managers in hospitality enterprises may reduce the organizational levels of workplace bullying by adjusting certain working conditions and establishing a supportive environment. Originality/value Studies on personalities inclined to bullying are inconclusive. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is the first to develop a comprehensive and exploratory conceptual model of workplace bullying that links personal variables, working conditions and contextual factors to the prevalence of workplace bullying within the hospitality sector in the European context.
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Vasanicova, Petra, Sylvia Jencova, Beata Gavurova, and Radovan Bacik. "Coopetition of European Union Countries within Destination Management." Journal of Tourism and Services 13, no. 24 (June 30, 2022): 71–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29036/jots.v13i24.368.
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Coopetition has been the issue of various studies in different fields, but there is a research gap in examining coopetition within the tourism sector and destination management. This paper aims to determine whether there are internally homogeneous and externally heterogeneous groups of European Union countries regarding indicators of natural and cultural resources of the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI), and thus subsequently identify the importance and possibilities of competition among countries within the tourism sector. Multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis are used to verify the research hypothesis, along with ten indicators of the fourth sub-index (Natural and Cultural Resources) of TTCI. The results of the cluster analysis led to a six-group solution. Italy, Spain, and France have the best position in terms of tourism competitiveness. The results show space for competition in the international tourism market. Even though EU countries are competitors at a global level, their cooperation could be beneficial to tourism development. The findings of this study can be helpful in planning and strategy development for tourism policymakers and destination management organizations but can also be used to develop various marketing strategies. Furthermore, cooperation between destinations will support the need for strategic flexibility in the tourism sector, as the diversity of tourism attractions will increase.
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Zekan, Bozana, Irem Önder, and Ulrich Gunter. "Benchmarking of Airbnb listings: How competitive is the sharing economy sector of European cities?" Tourism Economics 25, no. 7 (December 11, 2018): 1029–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354816618814349.
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Airbnb is arguably the world’s most popular accommodation sharing platform. Its impact on demand and supply within the tourism and hospitality industry is nowadays unquestionable. The present study delves into inspecting the efficiency of Airbnb listings of European cities, as, in spite of the success of Airbnb as a whole, it cannot be presupposed that all listings are equally successful. More specifically, data envelopment analysis (DEA) is employed in this first comprehensive benchmarking attempt within the domain of the sharing economy to date. This article also makes a contribution to robustness by introducing an interactivity note to the base model, thus, inspecting the results for corroboration/discrepancies and going beyond the static analyses that are common in DEA modeling. Ultimately, this is done with the goal of highlighting opportunities for inefficient Airbnb listings to properly utilize their inputs and therefore become more competitive.
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González, Yen E. Lam, Javier de León Ledesma, and Carmelo J. León González. "European nautical tourists: exploring destination image perceptions." Tourism and hospitality management 21, no. 1 (2015): 33–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.21.1.3.
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Purpose – Nautical tourism is considered to be an under-exploited research area, if we take into account its evolution and growth prospects. This lack of knowledge is probably one of the main reasons the sector has not reached its maximum. The present paper aims at exploring the European nautical tourists´ perceptions of image, in relation to the type of nautical sport they carry out and the type of nautical destination they visit. Methodology – The research was conducted in the Canary Islands and Morocco during 2013 and 2014. The sample covered 433 European nautical tourists pursuing different nautical sports and was organised into two groups. Structured questionnaires with personal interviews were implemented. Choosing a mature nautical destination and an emerging one enriched the comparative approach for the study. The findings indicate there are clearly similar profiles amongst the groups of tourists visiting both regions, and that the perceived image varies between a nautical tourist doing sailing and a nautical tourist motivated by other nautical sports. The data analysis reveals that perceptions also vary according to the more intensive and extensive use of the destinations. Originality – This empirical study provides useful insights into the demand for nautical tourism, the perceptions and evaluations of the ports and marinas as well as the destinations themselves, which can be used as a guide for the tourism industry managers and the Government Authorities to develop more effective marketing and positioning strategies. The study of the destination image in nautical tourism is a contribution to the progress beyond the state of the sector.
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Ilkevich, S. V., L. V. Prikhodko, and N. L. Smith. "EUROPEAN DIMENSION IN QUALIFICATIONS FOR THE TOURIST SECTOR AS AN INSTITUTION FOR RUSSIAN DESTINATIONS DEVELOPMENT." Strategic decisions and risk management, no. 1 (May 2, 2019): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17747/2618-947x-2018-4-70-79.
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Adaptation of the best practices of the extensive and nationally specific European experience in the field of measurement of qualifications becomes particularly appropriate as there is some delay in the development of Russian scientific, practical and methodological approaches to the national qualifications framework. At the same time, the shortage of highly qualified personnel in the fast-growing tourist sector is becoming chronic, and the results of creating tourist clusters are ambiguous, with a large share of failures in the implementation of master plans for territorial tourism development. In this regard, the acceleration of the development of a structured measurement of qualifications in the form of a national qualifications framework becomes demanded not only to achieve greater maturity and effectiveness of the Russian educational and professional systems in the tourism sector, but also as a common institution for the strategic development of Russian destinations in training areas, technologies, competencies and the innovation potential of the tourism and hospitality industry. The projects of the European Commission ERASMUS+ are one of the effective network channels for the development of national and international expertise in structural measures to optimize educational systems, and in particular, to compare and develop systems, matrices frameworks for qualifications. The article represents an attempt to highlight how the implementation of a structured project in the field of qualifications can correspond both to general progressive trends in the evolution of educational systems and to the overall objectives of territorial tourist development. As a conceptual result, the authors identify six mid-term and six long-term effects of the developments of a national qualifications framework that directly and indirectly provide beneficial outcomes within the development of Russian destinations through improving the focus of retraining and advanced training programs, enhancing lifelong learning, promoting labor mobility in the tourism sector, successful validation of informal education, wider circulation of partial and intermediate qualifications in the tourism and hospitality industry. Adjacent to this issue is the problem of the relationship between the development of educational clusters in the tourism sector and the national qualifications framework, on the one hand, and tourism clusters, on the other, the consideration of which is also presented in this article.
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Ilkevich, S. V., L. V. Prikhodko, and N. L. Smith. "EUROPEAN DIMENSION IN QUALIFICATIONS FOR THE TOURIST SECTOR AS AN INSTITUTION FOR RUSSIAN DESTINATIONS DEVELOPMENT." Strategic decisions and risk management, no. 1 (May 2, 2019): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17747/2618-947x-2019-1-70-79.
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Adaptation of the best practices of the extensive and nationally specific European experience in the field of measurement of qualifications becomes particularly appropriate as there is some delay in the development of Russian scientific, practical and methodological approaches to the national qualifications framework. At the same time, the shortage of highly qualified personnel in the fast-growing tourist sector is becoming chronic, and the results of creating tourist clusters are ambiguous, with a large share of failures in the implementation of master plans for territorial tourism development. In this regard, the acceleration of the development of a structured measurement of qualifications in the form of a national qualifications framework becomes demanded not only to achieve greater maturity and effectiveness of the Russian educational and professional systems in the tourism sector, but also as a common institution for the strategic development of Russian destinations in training areas, technologies, competencies and the innovation potential of the tourism and hospitality industry. The projects of the European Commission ERASMUS+ are one of the effective network channels for the development of national and international expertise in structural measures to optimize educational systems, and in particular, to compare and develop systems, matrices frameworks for qualifications. The article represents an attempt to highlight how the implementation of a structured project in the field of qualifications can correspond both to general progressive trends in the evolution of educational systems and to the overall objectives of territorial tourist development. As a conceptual result, the authors identify six mid-term and six long-term effects of the developments of a national qualifications framework that directly and indirectly provide beneficial outcomes within the development of Russian destinations through improving the focus of retraining and advanced training programs, enhancing lifelong learning, promoting labor mobility in the tourism sector, successful validation of informal education, wider circulation of partial and intermediate qualifications in the tourism and hospitality industry. Adjacent to this issue is the problem of the relationship between the development of educational clusters in the tourism sector and the national qualifications framework, on the one hand, and tourism clusters, on the other, the consideration of which is also presented in this article.
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Kleisari, Lola, and Evangelia N. Markaki. "The Impact of the Perceived Service Quality on Revisit Intention in the Tourism Industry: A Conceptual Framework of Strategic Approach and Analysis." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 5, no. 3 (September 25, 2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v5i3.p30-40.
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Service quality (SQ) is of strategic importance in the hospitality sector from both company’s and customers’ viewpoint. Hence, it is crucial for every organization’s function and survival in such a competitive era. As proven in the literature, competitive advantage apart of being an indicator of a firm’s successful performance, it is an indicator of a firm’s profitability. Through a review in literature there are five hypotheses formed accordingly to the five dimensions of service quality that affect guest retention. The study’s objectives are 1) to identify the dominant guest-defined characteristic of service quality 2) to examine its strategic impact on revisit intention and 3) to identify whether any differences occur between Greek and European guests in the way they perceive service quality. The aim is to provide strategic insights regarding the perceptions of service quality among Greek and European guests, as well as to clarify if there are any differences in the way their perceptions are formed in order to contribute to the literature with regard to the Greek hospitality sector. Questionnaires, based on the SERVQUAL model will be used, in order to collect data from guests that have previously visited a 4 or 5 star hotel. Upon collection, the data will be analyzed with the use of the SPSS program. This paper follows the standards of similar surveys in the industry focused on the measurement of Service Quality. Though, little attempt can be spotted in regards to service quality in 4 and 5 star hotel sector in Greece and give practical directions for strategic design and implementation of services.
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MURA, Ladislav, and Patrik KAJZAR. "Entrepreneurship in Tourism Sector in Central European Country: Hospitality Trends in the Czech Republic in 2007 - 2016." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 9, no. 6 (February 6, 2019): 1351. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v9.6(30).25.
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The aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact of occupancy in accommodation establishments in the Czech Republic at an average pace of real wage growth (%), GDP (%) and unemployment rate (%) in the period 2007-2016. The main sources of information utilized in contributions are based on tourism statistics and selected macroeconomic indicators obtained from the website of the Czech Statistical Office. The data was analysed using SAS software. The authors use regression analysis. It deals with dependence of the quantitative variable on one or more quantitative variables. The main results of this survey indicate an increase of occupancy in collective acommodation establishements in the Czech Republic between 2007 - 2016, as well as a moderate increase was detected in real wages and the GDP. While detecting an increase of occupancy in collective acommodation establishements in the Czech Republic, the fall of unemployment rate was recognized.
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Melnykova, Maryna, Yеlyzaveta Gradoboіeva, Tetiana Mirzodaieva, and Nadiia Ragulina. "Complex Modernization of Public Infrastructure and Hospitality as a Factor in the Sustainable Development of the City in Ukraine." European Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n1p183.
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The sustainable development of the city involves the solving of economic, environmental and social problems through the modernization of various spheres of the urban economy. The modernization of related and interrelated spheres of the city’s economy should be based on an integrated approach. The hospitality and public infrastructure are such spheres. Their relationship is due to both technical and technological features and the possibilities of achieving the goals of sustainable development of the city (the hospitality sector contributes to the growth of openness of the city and the life support and environmental sustainability of the city directly depends on the state and development of public infrastructure). The priorities of the modernization of public infrastructure and hospitality for sustainable development of the city have been determined. The condition of the public infrastructure and hospitality in cities of Ukraine was analyzed from the point of view of modernization for sustainable development. The experience of modernization of public infrastructure and hospitality in sustainable European cities (including improving energy efficiency, strengthening environmental safety, creating a barrier-free environment) has been studied. The technical, technological, financial and institutional features that determine the feasibility of modernizing the public infrastructure and hospitality based on the principles of an integrated approach have been determined. The recommendations of the mechanism of public-private partnership using in the implementation of projects for the modernization of public utilities infrastructure and hospitality of the city have been developed. The decision-making tools for managing resources have been proposed for the justification and implementation of a project to modernize public infrastructure and hospitality based on a comprehensive approach.
Key Words: city, sustainable development, public infrastructure, hospitality, modernization, integrated approach.
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Rodríguez-Antón, José Miguel, and María del Mar Alonso-Almeida. "COVID-19 Impacts and Recovery Strategies: The Case of the Hospitality Industry in Spain." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 16, 2020): 8599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208599.
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The health crisis caused by the pandemic COVID-19 has been of such magnitude that the drop-off in economic and tourist activity in most countries is generating an economic crisis with consequences that are still difficult to measure. The present work analyses the origins and evolution of the coronavirus pandemic and reviews the literature related to the impacts and recovery strategies that were implemented in previous crisis situations affecting the hotel industry. In order to focus the study on one country, Spain was selected based on tourism indicators, the importance of tourism for this country and the importance of Spain as a leader in international tourist destinations. The influence of the pandemic on the Spanish tourism sector and, more specifically, on its hospitality industry is explored in depth. In addition, the main initiatives to support the tourism and hospitality sector that have been undertaken at the global, European and national levels are highlighted and, finally, the response and recovery strategies of the five largest Spanish hotel chains to guarantee a COVID-19-free stay in their facilities and to recover the accommodation activity are discussed.
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Mattera, Marina, and Alberto Moreno Melgarejo. "Strategic Implications of Corporate Social Responsibility in Hotel Industry: A Comparative Research between NH Hotels and Meliá Hotels International." Higher Learning Research Communications 2, no. 4 (November 16, 2012): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18870/hlrc.v2i4.85.
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<p>The hospitality industry serves millions of people globally and is a multibillion-dollar industry with a significant growth expectation in the upcoming years. The Spanish tourism industry is one of the most developed sectors of the nation, being one of the main contributors to the country’s GDP. On a world wide scale, and specifically in the European context, there is a rising awareness for firms’ actions to be responsible towards the environment and the community in which they operate. Based on “triple bottom line” guidelines, companies’ mission in such a context is achieving competitive advantage by means of a business model considering three key aspects: people, profit, and planet. Considering the hospitality industry’s characteristics, it becomes essential to fulfill these new requirements to achieve sustainable competitive advantages. This exploratory study will outline which are the best practices of two main Spanish hotel corporations: NH Hotels and Meliá Hotels International. By pointing out actions undertaken by the most important firms of the sector, they can serve as an example and be replicated by other firms, thus increasing sustainability practices, improving understanding of triple bottom line, minimizing negative social as well as environmental footprint, and enhancing positive firms’ impacts in their operating contexts.<strong></strong></p>
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Dr. Kasimati, Evangelia, Nuriya Kapralou, and Panagiota Kyriakopoulou. "Non-performing loans in the hotel industry: The case of Greece." Archives of Business Research 8, no. 7 (August 8, 2020): 467–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.87.8718.
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Throughout the Greek economic crisis, the problem of rising stock of non-performing loans (NPLs)[1] gradually evolved into one of the most challenging structural deficiencies faced by the Greek banking sector. Despite outstanding performance of the Greek tourism sector, which over the last five years attracted record number of tourists each year, NPLs in the hotel sector remain widespread. The objective of this study is to identify macroeconomic factors and sector-specific characteristics, which led to NPL stock piling in Greek tourism sector. Our findings are supported by rare dataset on NPLs in Greek hospitality sector compiled from publicly available sources. We apply descriptive quantitative analysis to the data from the Bank of Greece, the Hellenic Statistical Authority and other official sources. We found that, despite the record performance of the Greek tourism sector, hotel loans are as problematic as loans issued to other sectors of the Greek economy. Our findings contribute to the NPL literature by providing valuable insights for the Greek hotel industry’s NPL stock, especially in view of the fact that such academic research has not been conducted before.
[1]The term ‘NPLs’ is used as a shorthand term to denote all Non-Performing Exposures (NPEs) (ECB, 2017).When a customer delays payment of a loan that is subject to a specific contract with a bank for more than a predetermined number of days then this is considered NPL. Depending on the country, bank, and applicable provisions, the number of days may refer to more than 30, 60 or 90 days (IMF, 2011). The European Supervisory Authorities consider a loan as non-performing when the borrower has been late for more than 90 days to pay the agreed installments to the financial institution that has contracted the contract. According to the European Central Bank (2016), loans repaid by the borrower within the agreed term are considered to be "serviced". Due to the fact that the definition of NPLs is based on a variety of different interpretations, the European Banking Authority attempted to give a single definition through the term ‘NPEs’. NPEs include not only loans but all debt instruments (loans, advances and debt securities) as well as off-balance sheet exposures. NPEs include either of the two criteria:
- Long-term openings that have exceeded the 90-day limit,
- "Uncertainty collection" exposures qualifying as non-serving, although they are either current or have a delay of less than 90 days.
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Dabhade, Nishant, and Ankit Gupta. "Does Demographics Matter in Measuring Customer Satisfaction: Hypothetical Evidence from Indian Telecom Sector." Indonesian Management and Accounting Research 20, no. 1 (January 10, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/imar.v20i1.7227.
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Virtually all the sectors of economy such as finance, banking, hospitality and other businesses have grown up substantially in the past few years due to the growth of mobile service sector. From the inception of Reliance Jio in Madhya Pradesh, It has occupied a large number of customers in terms of no. of subscribers. This creates unrest among the telecom service operators operating in Madhya Pradesh. As the market moves forward, customer satisfaction becomes imperative for service firms to remain combative at marketplace. To study customer satisfaction, it is mandatory to study socio demographics of customers. Hence efforts have been made in this research paper to study the satisfaction level of customers from several demographic variables. This is a hypothetical research study in which primary data is collected from 500 active mobile users of Bhopal (MP), India. One way ANOVA and T-test were used to analyze the data through SPSS 21.0 software. Specific variables of American customer satisfaction index (ACSI) and European customer satisfaction index (ECSI) were being studied with different socio demographic variable of customers to move ahead in present research study. Significant difference was found in level of customer satisfaction with the age group and type of connection in telecom sector.
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Balalia (Iosif), Alina Elena, and Raluca Mariana Petrescu. "The involvement of the public and private sector - elements with influence on travel & tourism demand during the crisis period." Tourism and hospitality management 17, no. 2 (2011): 217–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.17.2.4.
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In the context of the economic crisis, the consumers´ behavior registered changes, so tourists have become highly price sensitive and tending to economize on the duration of their holidays. Starting with the changes generated by the economic crisis, the need to achieve a new economic level is felt both in the public sector through the development and consolidation of new public policies and also in the private sector through the involvement into solid plans, with adapted initiatives. The purpose of this paper is to capture the impact of the public and private sectors involvement on the Travel& Tourism (T& T) demand during the current economic crisis, the period 2008-2010. As design, the content is divided into three main parts, as follows: the perspectives of public and private sector on T& T industry, the impact of the economic crisis on T& T, and the econometric analysis which is concentrated on the connection between the T& T demand and some potential variables with impact on it. The methodology refers mainly to the econometric analysis, constructed in concordance with the findings of the paper. In order to test the link between the variables, the author uses the macroeconomic approach, by including into analysis the European Union member countries. Regarding originality, the paper reveals the positive influence, as real growth, of the T& T Direct Industry in GDP and the capital investment in T& T on the T& T demand.
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Paraskevas, Alexandros, and Maureen Brookes. "Human trafficking in hotels: an “invisible” threat for a vulnerable industry." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 30, no. 3 (March 19, 2018): 1996–2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-04-2017-0213.
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Purpose This paper aims to identify and analyse the hotel sector’s vulnerabilities that human traffickers exploit to use hotels as conduits for trafficking in human beings (THB). Design/methodology/approach Using the Method for the Assessment of the Vulnerability of Sectors framework of sector vulnerability analysis, the study adopted a qualitative approach using environmental scanning and semi-structured key stakeholder interviews in three European countries: UK, Finland and Romania. Findings The study identifies the types of THB occurring within the industry and the specific macro-, meso- and micro-level factors that increase hotel vulnerability to trafficking for sexual exploitation, labour exploitation or both. Research limitations/implications Given the sensitivity of the topic, the number of interviewees is limited as is the generalisability of the findings. Practical implications The framework developed serves as a practical tool for independent or chain-affiliated hotels to use to assess their vulnerability to human trafficking for both sexual and labour exploitation. Social implications The framework will assist hotel professionals to assess their vulnerability to human trafficking and identify specific and proactive measures to combat this crime within their business. Originality/value This is the first study to empirically explore human trafficking in the hotel sector and to apply an integrated theoretical lens to examine macro-, meso- and micro-level sector vulnerabilities to a crime. It contributes to the authors’ understanding of why hotels are vulnerable to human trafficking for both sexual and labour exploitation.
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Pohuda, Nataliia. "STARTUP AS AN INDICATOR OF COMPETITIVENESS OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY BUSINESSES." Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, "Economics" Series 1, no. 24(52) (March 31, 2022): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2022-24(52)-61-67.
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The paper overviews Ukraine's place in the world rankings during 2019-2021, in particular, such as Global Startup Ecosystem Index, Global Innovation Index, Global Competitiveness Index, World Competitiveness Ranking and Doing Business. The competitiveness analysis demonstrates an improvement of Ukraine’s position in the global rankings during this period, in particular, in terms of innovation activity as well as in the Technology and Knowledge blocks. Quite often, information products emerge as start-ups which then continue to gain popularity and become the unchanging totalizer of the service sector. In the tourism and hospitality business this is evidenced by the large number of start-ups that have been growing in recent years. Businesses are trying to be the first to find such products in order to improve their own competitiveness further enabling them to distinguish significantly from the competitors and, more importantly, to become market leaders with a large number of competitive advantages. The European Union promotes the best travel start-ups in the global level, the Ukrainian Startup Fund deals with startups at the state level. The number of startups in Ukraine has increased significantly over the last 3 years, which, in turn, has ensured an increase in the ranking position by 5 points. Analysis of the results shows positive trends in both the number of key investments and rankings in Ukraine. As to the Ukrainian regional distribution, the leader in the number of startups during last years was Kyiv. Despite the significant number of startups and their funding, which is growing every year, there are a few problems, such as Ukrainian startups are not in great demand, lack of favorable conditions and appropriate organizations, investment attractiveness is very low for platforms in this field, promotion of both the country and regions as tourist destinations is insufficient as well as government support for both the service sector and IT service providers.
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Ruggieri, Giovanni, Marco Platania, and Julian Zarb. "Island Development Model Specialisation: A Panel Data Analysis Comparing Evolutionary Tourism Model, Industrial to Community-Based (2010–2019)." Economies 10, no. 9 (August 30, 2022): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies10090208.
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Islands are frequently characterised by an economic structure centred on tourism and the service sector. This specialisation has taken different forms and characterisations concerning the chosen or spontaneously developed model. To understand the development choices and patterns, this article analyses sixteen islands and archipelagos in the European Union over ten years from 2010 to 2019. A panel data analysis was based on critical variables identifying the tourism industry model from those that could represent a proxy of the community-based tourism model. The principal component analysis was adopted to compare the evolutionary trends of these two different ways of choosing the island’s tourism model. Findings identified before the COVID-19 pandemic crisis include two island clusters. One group of islands followed a spontaneous tourism model based on the local community and small or micro hospitality systems, with auto-entrepreneurship in tourism. The second group of islands followed a planning and industry-based tourist model with an employment system and a relevant hospitality industry. Both paradigms have limitations and identify two different tourism evolutionary scenarios useful for the EU’s future island tourism policies.
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Jasiński, Michał, and Anna Masłoń-Oracz. "Rolnictwo i turystyka w rozwoju społeczno-ekonomicznym Mauritiusu." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 17(32), no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2017.17.3.61.
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Africa is viewed as the next business frontier worldwide. In the last decade, we have been witnessing increased investment operations in Africa by US, Chinese, Japanese and European companies. The restrictions of African agricultural production and tourism as a prosperous industry are possible to overcome. The future prospects are favorable. The economy of Mauritius is based on sugar, tourism, textiles and apparel, and financial services, and is rapidly expanding into fish processing, ICT, hospitality and property development. The aim of this paper examines the environment for developing agro and tourism business in Mauritius, which in turn strengthens the private sector. It also identifies opportunities that can stimulate the countries’ broader reform efforts with the ultimate goal of poverty reduction.
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Ahmeti, Siana, Albana Demi, and Marios Katsioloudes. "The Industry of Tourism in Developing Countries." International Journal of Food and Beverage Manufacturing and Business Models 4, no. 2 (July 2019): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijfbmbm.2019070102.
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This article briefly describes the development of the tourism sector in Albania, summarizing consumer behavior theory at a micro prospective, and providing a few general ideas on how the Albanian market can stimulate a change in European consumers' behavior and attract a larger and constant stream of tourists. This article is elaborated from three perspectives of the environment: the economic, the socio–cultural, and the technological. Starting with the economic environment perspective, the authors explore ways to ensure the efficient development of the economy through resource management, with the purpose of creating space for future generations. Following the social-cultural environment perspective, they analyze the way social and cultural sustainability ensures and enhances people's life skills, strengthens community identity and improves food safety practices through educational campaigns in the hospitality sector. Closing with the technological environment perspective, the authors explore ways to strengthen Albania's online position and improve telecommunication channels between urban and rural areas.
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TALOŞ, Ana-Maria, Ana-Irina LEQUEUX-DINCĂ, Mihaela PREDA, Camelia SURUGIU, Alina MARECI, and Iuliana VIJULIE. "Silver Tourism and Recreational Activities as Possible Factors to Support Active Ageing and the Resilience of the Tourism Sector." Journal of Settlements and Spatial Planning SI, no. 8 (April 20, 2021): 29–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/jsspsi.2021.8.04.
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"Population ageing, affecting both developed and developing countries nowadays, poses new challenges but also represents an opportunity for socio-economic systems in general, and in particular for tourism and recreation. In the light of the recently designed EU silver economy policies, active ageing shapes itself to be an attractive opportunity for the European leisure market. Seriously affected by the COVID-19 health crisis, the tourism sector’s resilience depends on the hospitality industry’s capacity to adapt, innovate, and respond to society’s new demographic challenges. Consequently, new types and forms of tourism and new service technologies should be implemented having in mind an ageing population. This paper used as the main research tool a survey on Bucharest residents aged 65 and over, aiming to identify their main preferences and limitations regarding recreational activities and leisure tourism. The main results identify similarities and differences to findings on European silver tourists and could be further valued by better adapted holiday packages and tourism marketing strategies for Romania. The present research emphasised differences in senior travel preferences and a possible segmentation of silver tourists in Romania (e.g. based on their income, education level), highly suggesting that the elderly’s needs have to be addressed by tailor-made products. "
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Kassay, Lili, and Gábor Géczi. "Competition and Cooperation in European Professional Club Football." Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research 69, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pcssr-2016-0006.
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AbstractThe aim of the article is to highlight the theoretical assumption that the relative competitive disadvantage between markets with different maximum sizes can be partially counteracted with strategic thinking and business-like operations. The research question presented in this article is whether there are any management tools available for clubs which they can use to improve their business competitiveness above and beyond the limitations of their maximum market size. According to the research hypothesis, there is such a tool available for clubs: the management and operation of a football club in a well-organized and business-like manner. The method of analysis is the so-called Grounded Theory (Glaser, & Strauss, 1967; Locke, 2001), which is an abstract analytical schema with a systematic data analysis process. The data collection incorporates desk research, comparative analysis, organizational review, and in-depth interviews. The results are presented according to the following dimensions: a) relevance of the research question; b) specification of groups of relevant management tools; c) the role of the national football association in the process of market development; d) the role of the owners in this process; and e) how the structure of the sector and its operating processes can guarantee the efficient utilization of all the material resources which have been plowed into the sector over the last four to five years. According to the conclusions, the creation of an operating system and club model that allows for the utilization of resources - maximized market revenues and governmental sources - in the most effective way is an unavoidable challenge. The formation of the sustainable operations of clubs is fundamentally influenced by club owners. An inspection of the interaction between club owners, head coaches, and players is a key task in the process of creating a new club model.
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Moisescu, Ovidiu I. "Communicating CSR in the online environment: evidence from the Romanian tourism distribution sector." Tourism and hospitality management 21, no. 1 (2015): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.21.1.6.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which the largest Romanian travel agencies communicate their CSR practices and policies in the online environment, as reflected by the contents of their websites and social media pages, outlining the manner of this online disclosure within specific CSR domains. Design & methodology – The websites and social media pages of the largest Romanian travel agencies, in terms of net turnover, were analyzed considering several variables related to CSR communication/disclosure: having a CSR dedicated section, including CSR reports, emphasizing legal and economic responsibilities, and disclosing workforce, society, market, and environment oriented CSR actions or policies. Findings – The research reveals significant deficiencies and superficiality in communicating CSR in the online environment by the investigated organizations. Only 10% dedicate a section on their website to CSR, none of them include any form of CSR reports, while the most frequent CSR aspects comprised in their online domains can be categorized as market-oriented, service quality being the most emphasized facet, fair pricing and honest/transparent communication being also consistently outlined. Originality of the research – Research on how the members of the tourism distribution sector communicate CSR in the online environment with focus on Central and Eastern Europe has been extremely scarce. This paper’s contribution consists in reducing this literature gap, bringing insights into CSR communication practices from the Central and Eastern European tourism distribution sector. Moreover, the proposed methodology for analyzing travel agencies’ websites and social media pages can be further used in order to research the issue of online CSR communication in other regions or tourism sectors.
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BORMA, Afrodita. "THE TOURISM INDUSTRY IN ROMANIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC." Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences 31, no. 31(1) (July 15, 2022): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes31(1)002.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has had a dramatic and unprecedented impact on the tourism sector, drastically reducing tourism flows and, therefore, the revenues of businesses in this sector. International, regional and local travel restrictions immediately affected national economies, including tourism systems, international travel, domestic tourism, air transport, public transport, accommodation, restaurants, festivals, sports events etc. Beyond the immediate shock, the tourism sector faces other, longer-term challenges, related to its green and digital transformation, its competitiveness, its sustainability and its resilience (according to ECA, Special Report 27 p.4) The paper presents an analysis of tourism in Romania during the 2019-2021 period, based on the analysis of the main indicators and the presentation of the solutions proposed by the European Union to recover the tourism sector. The multiannual financial framework for the 2021-2027 period comprises a number of 14 programs designed to finance actions in the tourism sector and the Recovery and Resilience Mechanism (RRM) provides Member States with the opportunity to finance investments and reforms, including in the tourism sector. Romania’s National Recovery and Resilience Plan approved by the Commission in September 2021 focuses, in particular, on digitizing services, increasing responsiveness and ensuring institutional resilience at national level. Furthermore, through the S.O.S. Romanian Tourism, the Alliance for Tourism (APT) presents us with two important objectives: helping tourism out of the critical state in which it currently is and resetting the entire hospitality industry, as well as the measures taken to achieve the proposed objectives.
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STAVSKA, Yuliia, and Liudmyla YAKHNO. "FORMATION OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES OF RESTAURANT BUSINESS IN UKRAINE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 2 (56) (June 29, 2021): 181–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2021-2-13.
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The article examines the process of intensive development and globalisation of the restaurant business in Ukraine as a part of the service sector of the economy exposed to many factors different in strength, duration and areas of influence in the context of European integration. The article is devoted to the consideration of positive and negative factors influencing the development of hospitality. Among them are extensive and intensive. The development of hotel-restaurant business, its impact on the quality of life of citizens of Ukraine is considered. Particular attention has been paid to the changes and approaches which took place in the work of restaurants in pandemic and quarantine restrictions. The analysis of development of restaurant economy of Ukraine in 2003-2020 was carried out. There was a significant reduction in restaurants during 2014 - 2020. The direct dependence of the state of the restaurant industry of Ukraine on the development of its economy has been substantiated. It has been proved that the enterprises of the hospitality industry are gaining popularity, intensive development in conditions of political and economic stability, stable economic situation of visitors to restaurants, as well as preserved cultural heritage. Thus development of restaurant business is carried out in the conditions of European integration under the approved programmes. There is an introduction of new forms and methods of service. The analysis shows the relationship between the development of the restaurant business and integration processes. As a result of the study, an algorithm for assessing the level of competitiveness of restaurants was developed. The key criteria for the competitiveness of the restaurants have been established, namely: the level of customer satisfaction, quality of services provided, efficiency of management and organization processes in the restaurants, the level of corporate and social responsibility, competitive strategy of the restaurant and the competitive environment.
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Cooper, Donald, Kirsten Holmes, Christof Pforr, and Tekle Shanka. "Implications of generational change: European river cruises and the emerging Gen X market." Journal of Vacation Marketing 25, no. 4 (December 3, 2018): 418–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356766718814088.
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This article focuses on the Generation X (Gen X) cohort that will replace the baby boomers as the main target market for tourism experiences tailored specifically to the senior/mature market in the coming years. Its context is a successful segment of the cruising industry: the European river cruising sector. The study explores the potential impacts of this generational change on river cruising. Little is currently known about Gen X’s tourism motivations, expectations and behaviour. Generational theory is employed in this study as the framework to identify distinct features of the Gen X cohort. Using a phenomenological research design, 39 in-depth interviews were conducted with participants in two important European river cruise source market countries, Australia and the United States. Findings of this study indicate that Gen Xers have distinct tourism motivations, needs and interests that have evolved from their formative experiences. A range of political, financial and social issues have been identified that may affect Gen Xers’ predisposition towards products aimed for the mature market such as European river cruises in their currently offered format. The study contributes to tourism theory, offering an understanding of Gen Xers’ desire and ability to participate in such tourism activities in the future.
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Luceri, Beatrice, and Sabrina Latusi. "The cross-shopping behaviour: patterns of store format mobility in the apparel sector." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 44, no. 1 (January 11, 2016): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-12-2014-0164.
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Purpose – The study investigates the cross-format shopping behaviour in the apparel sector. The purpose of this paper is to relate the number of store formats patronized to a set of consumer characteristics under a unifying theoretical framework emphasising cost-benefit analysis. Design/methodology/approach – The research involved questionnaire telephone surveys from a sample of 1,722 apparel shoppers in a European region. Findings – Among shoppers’ socio-demographic characteristics, age, gender, employment status and citizenship were found to have an impact on multi-store format patronage patterns for apparel purchases. Moreover, the store format preference and the sale proneness proved to be additional determinants of cross-format mobility. Practical implications – The findings provide retail managers with valuable insights for effective marketing strategies aimed to exploit customer loyalty potential. Originality/value – Despite consumers’ regular use of various alternative store formats for apparel purchases, literature on the determinants of cross-format mobility is scarce. Addressing the inter-type cross-shopping behaviour of consumers from a cost-benefit viewpoint, this study makes a new contribution in the area of customer loyalty and the complementarity and substitutability of store formats.
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Camatti, Nicola, Lisa Zecchin, Dario Bertocchi, and Hrvoje Carić. "The Relevance of the Territorial Dimension in EU Policies and the Role of Tourism." Tourism 70, no. 4 (December 9, 2022): 555–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37741/t.70.4.2.
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The disparities, inequalities as well as the different trajectories of social and economic development that still characterize the regions of the EU today demonstrate the importance of a debate on the spatial dimension of European policies. This paper analyses the implications of strengthening the spatial dimension in the different EU programs, highlighting the importance of the concept of territorial cohesion and the role that a strategic sector such as tourism can play in implementing this concept. Therefore, the added value of tourism and the potential of territorial cohesion should play an important role in future European policies and funding.
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Pekovic, Sanja. "Green pull motives and overall tourist satisfaction: a macro- and micro-levels analysis." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 33, no. 4 (March 5, 2021): 1368–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-06-2020-0609.
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Purpose The environmental sensitivity of consumers has played an important role in shaping the tourism industry. Although the green trend is an ongoing concern within the tourism industry, empirical research examining the link between green motivation and tourist satisfaction has been lacking in the tourism literature. The study bridges this research gap by examining the relationship between green pull motives and overall tourist satisfaction using empirical data from 28 Member States of the European Union and Turkey, North Macedonia, Iceland, Montenegro and Moldova. Moreover, the framework incorporates both macro- and micro-level analyses, thus offering an unbiased approach compared to analyses based on a single-level perspective. The purpose of this paper is also to compare the relationship between green pull motives and tourist satisfaction across different generational cohorts, thus offering new insights into tourist satisfaction across life-courses. Design/methodology/approach Through an examination of 7,450 tourists from 28 Member States of the European Union and Turkey, North Macedonia, Iceland, Montenegro and Moldova derived from the Flash Eurobarometer survey called “Preferences of Europeans towards tourism,” the authors used a Tobit model to test the proposed framework. Findings The obtained findings demonstrate that the green pull motives at the macro level are negatively associated with overall tourist satisfaction. In contrast, the green pull motives at the micro level are positively related to overall tourist satisfaction. In addition, the results show that the relationship between green pull motives and overall tourist satisfaction diverges between different generational cohorts. Practical implications These results have wide implications for tourism marketers across different European countries, suggesting that adequately managing attributes associated with green motives at both the macro and micro levels, as well as across life-course, considerably contributes to overall tourist satisfaction. Originality/value The novel findings increase understanding of the impact of green trends within the tourism sector by providing unbiased analysis of the relationship between green pull motives and overall tourist satisfaction that involves both a multilevel approach and generational cohort comparisons across life-course.
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Kaymaz, Volkan. "Dependence of the Turkish Tourism Sector on Five Countries of Origin and Tourism Demand." Tourism 70, no. 3 (June 14, 2022): 383–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.37741/t.70.3.4.
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Because of its fragile structure, tourism is a sector where tourist arrivals fluctuate, and competition is high. Tourism demand is changing rapidly according to many different factors. Most of the tourist arrivals to Turkey are from European countries. This paper analyzes the relationship between tourist arrivals from countries of origin and basic macroeconomic variables in the period between 2010-2020. The study, which uses the Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) boundaries testing approach, shows that tourist arrivals interact with key macroeconomic variables such as exchange rate and unemployment rate. This situation reveals the necessity of eliminating dependence on certain countries in the tourism sector and turning to different markets.
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Burnett, Mark, and Tony Johnston. "Brexit anticipated economic shock on Ireland’s planning for hospitality and tourism: resilience, volatility and exposure." Tourism Review 75, no. 3 (January 22, 2020): 595–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tr-04-2019-0118.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore tourism scenario planning for an anticipated shock as viewed through the lens of Irish hospitality managers preparing for Brexit. The research appropriates a climate science framework to structure the study, situating preparations, or lack thereof, against the themes of volatility, exposure and resilience. Design/methodology/approach The research uses a qualitative, pragmatic approach to determine how senior Irish hospitality managers were preparing for Britain’s exit from the European Union. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather data conducted with hotel management, industry federations and tourism policymakers. Findings Buoyancy of the industry, from an industry perspective, little foreseeable threat to the sector, has caused management to develop complacent tendencies, a myopic viewpoint and a head-in-the-sand mindset. Their “wait and see” and “ad hoc” approaches to planning for an anticipated shock suggest an industry that believes itself to be resistant to threats. Practical implications The findings suggest that although tourism has been resilient to economic shocks in the past, historical lessons learned have not been implemented in anticipation of the next shock. More proactive engagement and better strategic preparedness is necessary to mitigate the impacts of future shocks. Industry needs to acknowledge its role in developing resilience and reducing volatility and exposure. The government additionally needs to coordinate initiatives with industry to develop robustness. Originality/value The paper demonstrates areas of practice in the hospitality industry that could be improved to reduce volatility and exposure, enhance resilience and encourage rapid adaptability post crisis.
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Cetinski, Vinka, Marko Perićć, and Violeta Sugar. "THE EUROPEAN DIMENSION OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AND EXPERIENCES IN TOURISM OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA." Tourism and hospitality management 15, no. 1 (2009): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.15.1.8.
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Public-private partnership (PPP) is a method for developing sustainable development that has been proven worldwide and endorsed in practice, and its ultimate aim is to increase the overall well-being of society. In a variety of ways, it brings together the interests of the public, private and civil sector in meeting specific needs for augmenting the quality and/or availability of services and products The European Union (UN) has not always supported the co-financing of projects devised as PPP. Recently, however, it has begun to encourage a wider application of this form of financing that demonstrates a huge potential in accomplishing public services, that is, projects intended for the public. Marketing and promotion, product development, education, financing and investment, and environmental protection are but some of the areas of public-private collaboration in tourism in a global setting. The purpose of this paper is to provide an outline of world experience and practice in PPP with emphasis on the EU, so that Croatia, by taking under consideration these experiences, advantages and disadvantages, may define an appropriate legal and business framework and identify the criteria for the successful implementation of PPP in its economy, and in particular, in tourism, one of its highest-growth industries.
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Bacon, William. "Economic Systems and Their Impact on Tourist Resort Development: The Case of the Spa in Europe." Tourism Economics 4, no. 1 (March 1998): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135481669800400102.
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This paper examines the impact of two contrasting economic systems upon the development of the European spa resorts. These are British systems of market capitalism and continental European systems of state-managed capitalism. The author identifies factors facilitating the success of spa resorts and also those associated with their business failure. He challenges conventional explanations that the rise in fashionability of seaside resorts led to the demise of the inland British spa resort and develops an alternative explanation. He demonstrates that the root of the explanation for their decline is an economic one, namely a failure of public and private investment to renew the British tourist product to a level where it could compete effectively in the international marketplace. This happened because British structures of capitalism were ill adapted to facilitate the levels of investment and innovation required for British spas to modernize sufficiently to enable them to compete effectively against emerging continental European rivals benefiting from substantial public-sector support. Visiting spas remained popular amongst the English-speaking upper classes into the twentieth century; the significant change was that, whereas once they preferred to patronize British resorts, from the mid-nineteenth century onwards, they chose to visit more modern and attractive continental European destinations.
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Racz, Aleksandar, and Vanja Vasiljev Marchesi. "Ekonomski, okolišni i etički utjecaj rasipanja hrane u uslužnim djelatnostima i drugim globalnim industrijama." JAHR 9, no. 1 (2018): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21860/j.9.1.1.
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There is something horrible about throwing food in the bin. Based on existing literature, 30-50 percent (i.e. 1.2-2 billion tons) of the produced food never reaches anyone’s plate. Global food production can be split into production losses, consumers’ waste and consumption. In a world where 850 million people are undernourished, global food supply per person approximates to 570 kg: roughly, 380 kg is consumed, 140 kg is lost in the production and 50 kg is wasted by consumers. Households generate 53% of the total food waste in Europe, the processing industry 19%, food services 12%, the primary production sector 11%, and the retail/wholesale sector 5%. The European hospitality industry is a small food waster that generates only 12% of the total food waste in Europe. Wasted food is accountable for 3.3 GtCO2e. The average carbon footprint of food wastage is about 500 kg of CO2 equivalents per person per year. The blue water footprint of food wastage is about 250 km3. 1.4 billion Ha of land – 28% of the world’s agricultural area – is used annually to produce food that is either lost or wasted. The food which is not eaten contributes to the loss of biodiversity through habitat change, overexploitation, pollution and climate changes. Prompted in part by global food production inefficiency, 9.7 million hectares are deforested annually to grow food – 74% of the total annual deforestation. The scale of global food wastage is shocking, and this wasted food results in a number of ethically questionable implications. Pope Francis rightfully points out that from the moral standpoint prodigal expenditure and wasting of food is no better than stealing from the hungry and poor. From the ecological standpoint, it is no better than stealing from our own children. But moralizing, identifying problems, knowledge and information distribution, and suggesting solutions surely will not convince people to implement offered solutions. The world needs progressive politics for a fairer world to achieve more equitable distribution of wealth. Tourism and the whole hospitality industry can and must play an important role in raising awareness of the value of food. The entire touristic sector can promote changes in food management and consumption with very positive environmental and economic results.
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Bahreini, Mahboubeh, and Cahit Adaoglu. "Dividend payouts of travel and leisure companies in Western Europe." Tourism Economics 24, no. 7 (June 4, 2018): 801–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354816618780867.
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This study examines the dividend payout determinants of travel and leisure companies in five Western European countries that are ranked among the world’s top 10 tourist destinations, namely, France, Spain, Italy, Germany, and the United Kingdom. The study analyzes the sector and carries out a comparative analysis of the subsectors. Panel data random-effects Tobit estimation methodology is used during a 10-year period (2005–2015). In addition to the traditional dividend determinants, sector and country-specific determinants such as leverage, asset intangibility, capital intensity (CI), and effective dividend tax rate are used. The estimation results demonstrate that company size, profitability, investment opportunities, and asset intangibility are positive drivers of dividend payout, whereas the leverage ratio and CI deter dividend payout. Additionally, the study provides international empirical evidence for the positive relationship between investment opportunities and dividend payout. This positive relationship, which is regarded as a puzzle, is unique for companies operating in the travel and leisure sector. The identification of unique dividend determinants and the recognition of differences among the subsectors help investors and managers to shape their investment and financial management decisions.
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Jarkovská, Petra, and Martina Jarkovská. "Corporate social responsibility of small- to medium-size enterprises as a solution to out-migration: an example from the hospitality sector." GeoScape 15, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/geosc-2021-0004.
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Abstract Local and regional authorities are often held responsible for implementing social and economic “population drain reduction” policies but at the same time are constrained with little fiscal power and inability to access resources. Being considered the “backbone” of local economies, it is on small- to medium-size enterprises (SMSEs) to come up with an “out-migration” solution which would be effective; yet at the same time sustainable, and adding social value to the local or regional development. Therefore, using a sample of 24 SMSEs from the hospitality industry environment, this paper empirically examines corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a prerequisite for employees’ affirmative work attitudes, such as job satisfaction (JS), effective organizational commitment (OC), and employees’ voluntary retention (R). Inspired by Carroll’s (2015, 2016) four-dimensional concept of CSR (economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic dimension), the findings suggest a significant causal relationship between CSR and the examined employees’ desirable behavior outcomes. However, it is mainly the ethical and legal dimension of CSR that influence all three employees’ affirmative work attitudes - JS, effective OC, and voluntary R. The contribution of this paper also lies in amounting to the body of scholarly literature on CSR in respect to employees. Most works focus on other stakeholders but employees, or are set in different cultural settings or geographical regions, mainly in Asia, and thus their findings might be difficult to implement in the Central European context. Highlights for public administration, management and planning: • CSR as a prerequisite for sustainable management of employees’ retention in small-to medium- size enterprises. • CSR may act as an approach to reduce “out-migration” faced in local and regional development. • SMSEs adding a social value to local and regional development.
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Robina-Ramírez, Rafael, Jose-Amelio Medina-Merodio, Libertad Moreno-Luna, Héctor V. Jiménez-Naranjo, and Marcelo Sánchez-Oro. "Safety and Health Measures for COVID-19 Transition Period in the Hotel Industry in Spain." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020718.
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The health crisis caused by the outbreak of the COVID-19 disease has devastated the worldwide hospitality sector. The current situation has led many countries to implement drastic rules to stop the spread of the virus. According to the Spanish health authority decisions need to be made in the context of uncertainty and lack of knowledgeable experiences through a gradual and asymmetric de-escalation process planned in four phases. Although the vast majority of studies refer to economic risks and impacts on tourist flows and economic income, few of them explicitly investigates safety and health measures that hotel managers should implement to their customers. Over a population of 12,740 hotels, 823 Spanish hotel managers have been involved in a participatory study. With the aim of assessing the actions taken to stop the spread of the virus, empirical research was implemented. A model presented four variables and 13 indicators which have been previously tested among hotel managers in the tourism sector. Five conclusions are drawn from the hypotheses: (1) Mass testing surveillance in customers and employees should be quick, affordable, and homogeneous throughout the European Union. (2) Training measures need to be taken by both public authorities and the private sector to reach a knowledgeable crisis management team with high commitment to the customer’s health and safety. (3) Protocols established by public authorities should be observed and adjusted gradually not only in hotels but also in tourist arrivals. (4) Healthy measures need to be periodically updated. (5) Each hotel should set up a surveillance process to guarantee the safety to their customers.
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Sacco, Brandon, and Ian Cassar. "Measuring the economic impact of tourism in Malta using the Tourism Satellite Account." European Journal of Tourism Research 23 (October 1, 2019): 86–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v23i.391.
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This article puts forward an analysis of the first Tourism Satellite Account compiled for the Maltese economy. The resulting Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) compiled for Malta adheres to the European System of Accounts (2010) and is based on the reference year of 2010. It reveals that tourism’s direct contribution to Malta’s GDP is around 6.1% and that the tourism sector directly employs 8.0% of the total population of gainfully occupied persons (employed or self-employed). Both the symmetrical approach and a variant of the net ratio approach are utilised to derive the tourism value added and tourism gross domestic product. The contribution of tourism to the local economy during 2010 is on par with that of what are generally considered to be the key sectors in Malta, however, the direct contribution to GDP is significantly lower than the estimates presented from past studies. The results presented in the article can be of significant use to further understand the various dimensions of both tourism demand and the tourism supply chain.
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Alkier, Romina. "PRECONDITIONS TO FULLER CROATIAN INTEGRATION IN EU TOURISM." Tourism and hospitality management 11, no. 2 (December 2005): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.11.2.15.
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In the coming years, the number of tourist trips from and within the European Union can be expected to grow, as a result of ongoing integration processes, and also because it is becoming simpler and cheaper to travel. According to the WTO, tourism will grow at a moderate rate of four per cent annually in average, and by 2020 the number of tourist arrivals worldwide will reach 1.6 billion, of which 717 million tourist arrivals will be to Europe. Out of this number, more than half a million will be to present-day EU countries. Given the EU’s continuing enlargement, clearly this number will continue to increase, and with it the global importance of the EU. The EU’s tourist policy in the years to come will increasingly become better, more imaginative and more efficient. Regardless of the unchanging subsidiary principle, this policy will continue to develop, gradually adapting to new opportunities. The principles of the sector tourist policy are already being carried out in practice by all EU members, and any country aspiring to become a part this association will not only need to incorporate these principles, but respect them as well. Croatia is one of the countries which has embraced this orientation in tourism and it is aiming to address this “European challenge” at the level of market relations, taking efforts to avoid the pitfalls and threats of tourism marginalisation, given the harsh competition and protectionist measures existing within the EU.
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Quinn, Bernadette. "The European Capital Culture Initiative And Cultural Legacy: An Analysis of the Cultural Sector in the Aftermath of Cork 2005." Event Management 13, no. 4 (December 1, 2009): 249–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/152599510x12621081189077.
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Nasution, Abdillah Arif, Iskandar Muda, Yasara Ulfah, Erlina Erlina, and Alexandru-Mircea Nedelea. "The Effect of Labor Input, Construction Cost, and Building Permits on Production Construction With Structural Equation Modeling, Evidence from Europe." International Journal of Professional Business Review 7, no. 3 (October 21, 2022): e0592. http://dx.doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2022.v7i3.0592.
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Purpose : This study examines the impact of labor input, construction costs, and building permits on production construction. Theoritical Framework : Nowadays, construction projects are growing. Construction projects require serious management because the larger the project, the more complex the dependence on one job to another in order to achieve the desired results. Design/Methodology/Approach : The secondary data explore from European data obtained from Eurostat from 2016 to 2019. Analyzing and proving hypotheses using Smart PLS software. Findings : The labor input has impact on production construction. The Construction Cost and Building Permits are not impcat to the Production Construction. Efforts to increase business creation should be a development priority in Europe. This is not only related to efforts to achieve the demographic bonus, but also efforts to achieve increased welfare for the Europe community. Research implication : Regional revenue is money that goes into the regional treasury. In implementation of decentralization, regional revenues consist of revenue and financing. Regional income is a recognized right of local government as in the period concerned, while regional financing is all revenues that need to be paid back and/or expenses that will be received back, either in the relevant fiscal year as well as in other fiscal years next. Practical implication : There is potential for the development and energy sources, increasing mastery of technology and quality of human resources, development of strategic industries, increasing sector between European and non-European countries. Social implication : The construction sector is one sector that can create jobs and encourage the transfer of technology that is useful for social aspects. Originality/Value : Enhancement productivity and quality of human resources to be important factor in the effort to reach the potential bonus demographics in Europe. In an effort to achieve demographic bonus opportunities, then in European countries it is expected focus on improving job creation and business for the population young age due to the number of young people which is relatively less. If this population group has the ability increase revenue and productivity, then the country's economy can be improved which in turn can promote growth economy in achieving the demographic bonus in future.
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Thirumalesh Madanaguli, Arun, Puneet Kaur, Stefano Bresciani, and Amandeep Dhir. "Entrepreneurship in rural hospitality and tourism. A systematic literature review of past achievements and future promises." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 33, no. 8 (June 26, 2021): 2521–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-09-2020-1121.
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Purpose Entrepreneurship in the rural hospitality and tourism sector (RHT) has received wide attention in the past decade. However, a systematic review on this topic is currently lacking. This study aims to track the progress of the RHT and entrepreneurship literature by examining the various thematic research areas, identifying the research gaps and forecasting avenues of future research on the topic. Design/methodology/approach This paper catalogs and synthesizes the body of literature from the year 2000–2020 using a systematic literature review methodology. After discussing a brief history of RHT and entrepreneurship, the current study presents a review of 101 research articles. Findings The review highlights that RHT and entrepreneurship have received relatively limited attention from entrepreneurship journals. The content analysis revealed different gaps and limitations in the understanding of entrepreneurship in RHT, including a predominance of qualitative studies with limited theoretically-grounded and generalizable empirical studies. Furthermore, a high concentration of studies is from European countries. Six main thematic research areas were identified, namely, barriers and enablers, the roles of an entrepreneur, women in RHT, influencers of firm performance, innovation and value creation and methodological commonalities. The review also advances an RHT entrepreneurship ecosystem framework to summarize the findings. Originality/value Six promising research avenues are outlined based on the six themes identified. The suggested research questions draw from allied literature on small and medium businesses, innovation, women entrepreneurship and institutions to encourage the interdisciplinary cross-pollination of ideas. The findings are summarized in a novel research framework.
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Ruiz Romero de la Cruz, Elena, Elena Cruz Ruiz, and Gorka Zamarreño Aramendia. "Una década de turismo sin fronteras. El caso de la Región Duero/Douro, el turismo fluvial y la diversidad turística." Cuadernos de Turismo, no. 45 (June 3, 2020): 381–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/turismo.426181.
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La incorporación de España y Portugal a la Comunidad Europea ha impulsado la cooperación transfronteriza y el turismo a ambos lados de la frontera luso española. Nuestro análisis se ciñe a la Región Duero/Douro con el río Duero y el turismo fluvial de referente, un nicho de mercado que ha progresado en los últimos años, revalorizando la diversidad turística existente a través de las actividades acuáticas y el turismo de cruceros. Los recursos y una naturaleza protegida han permitido a ambos lados de la frontera, afianzar el sector turístico ligado al Duero y al Douro, intensificándose en el último lustro la actividad fluvial, reunida al turismo enológico y a los espacios naturales protegidos. The membership of Spain and Portugal to the European Union has encouraged cross-border cooperation, promoting the diversification of the tourism in both sides of the Luso-Spanish border. Our analysis takes as a reference Duero/Douro region and the Douro River, this fluvial tourism has revalued cultural, wine and heritage tourism with water activities and cruises, reinforcing the existing tourist diversity. The resource management has allowed on both sides of the border, strengthen the tourism sector linked to the Douro and the Douro, intensifying in the last five years the fluvial activity, gathered around the wine tourism and the natural spaces.
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Viallon, R., J. Camy, and M. F. Collins. "The European integration of a new occupation, the training and education strategies of national professional organizations: the case of the fitness sector in France and the United Kingdom." Managing Leisure 8, no. 2 (January 2003): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1360671032000085693.
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