Relevant bibliographies by topics / European fruit lecanium scale

Academic literature on the topic 'European fruit lecanium scale'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "European fruit lecanium scale"

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Hodges, G. S., and S. K. Braman. "Seasonal Occurrence, Phenological Indicators and Mortality Factors Affecting Five Scale Insect Species (Hemiptera:Diaspididae, Coccidae) in the Urban Landscape Setting." Journal of Entomological Science 39, no. 4 (October 1, 2004): 611–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-39.4.611.

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Proper timing of pesticide applications is paramount when attempting to control scale insects (Hemiptera: Diaspididae, Coccidae) that are important pests of landscape plantings. Use of degree-days and phenological indicators can better time the applications and reduce the number of treatments. Seasonal appearance of five species of scale insects in the urban landscape along with flowering phenology of 40 plant species were systematically monitored during 1997, 1998, 1999 and 2000 in Athens, GA. Degree-day calculations for predicting first-generation crawler emergence were attained by two methods: use of standard-base or an experimentally determined base temperature. Predictions using a standard temperature resulted in high year-to-year variance. Use of a model-derived base temperature reduced the variance for degree-days needed for first crawler emergence. Mean base temperatures for European fruit lecanium, Indian wax scale, obscure scale, euonymus scale, and tea scale were, respectively, 12.78, 12.78, 5.0, 3.89, and 5.0°C. The range in degree-days required for first crawler emergence of each species using first the experimentally derived base, or the standard base temperature of 10.56 were 1184 to 1296 or 1064 to 1622 for European fruit lecanium; 846 to 1014 or 1150 to 1380 for Indian wax scale; 1246 to 1268 or 515 to 566 for obscure scale; 1366 to 1492 or 313 to 597 for euonymus scale; and 526 to 1502 or 202 to 776 for tea scale. Natural enemy complexes observed in association with each of the scale species are discussed.
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Japoshvili, G., N. Gabroshvili, and B. Japoshvili. "The parasitoid complex of Parthenolecanium corni Bouché in the city of Tbilisi and its surroundings and comparison with some other European countries." Bulletin of Entomological Research 98, no. 1 (December 13, 2007): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485307005378.

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AbstractThe European fruit lecanium (EFL), Parthenolecanium corni Bouché (Hemiptera: Coccoidea), is a common and harmful soft scale, which attacks Fraxinus oxycarpa Willd. and other ornamental and orchard plants in Tbilisi, Georgia. This study investigates the phenology, degree of plant damage and effect of parasitoids on this scale in Tbilisi, a densely populated area. We present data on the 32 species of chalcidoid parasitoids recorded from EFL in Georgia and south-eastern Europe. The scale is heavily parasitized in Tbilisi, but we did not find any variation in seasonal abundance. The most common parasitoid of EFL was Blastothrix longipennis (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae).
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Hodges, Greg, John M. Ruter, and S. Kristine Braman. "Susceptibility of Ilex Species, Hybrids and Cultivars to Florida Wax Scale (Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock)." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 19, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-19.1.32.

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Abstract Susceptibility of 231 holly species, hybrids and cultivars to Florida wax scale (Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock) were evaluated on field grown plants in Tifton, Georgia. Florida wax scale have two generations/year in this region. Population ratings on different parental lines were grouped as either low populations (<10 scales/60 second count), moderate populations (11–20 scales/60 second count), high populations (21–40 scales/60 second count) and very high populations (>40 scales/60 second count). Taxa from the study rated as being least preferred (low populations) by the Florida wax scale included those with I. crenata, I. buergeri, I. glabra, I. myrtifolia, I. verticillata and I. vomitoria within parental lines. Those prone to heavy infestations were I. aquifolium, I. × attenuata, I. cassine, I. ciliospinosa, I. cornuta, I. × koehneana, I. latifolia, I. × meserveae, I. opaca, I. purpurea, I. rugosa and I. serrata. Other scale insects noted on the hollies included: Barnacle wax scale (Ceroplastes cirripediformis Comstock), Indian wax scale (Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius)), European fruit lecanium (Parthenolecanium corni Bouche), Brown soft scale (Coccus hesperidum Linneaus), Tea scale (Fiornia theae Green), Latania scale (Hemiberlesia lataniae (Sign.)), and a pit scale (Asterolecanium puteanum Russell).
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Scheurer, R., and M. A. Ruzette. "Effects of insect growth regulators on the oleander scale (Aspidiotus nerii) and the european fruit lecanium (Parthenolecanium corni)." Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 77, no. 1-4 (August 26, 2009): 218–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1974.tb03249.x.

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Hommay, Gérard, Monique Beuve, and Etienne Herrbach. "Transmission of Grapevine Leafroll-Associated Viruses and Grapevine Virus A by Vineyard-Sampled Soft Scales (Parthenolecanium corni, Hemiptera: Coccidae)." Viruses 14, no. 12 (November 29, 2022): 2679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14122679.

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Grapevine-infecting ampelo- and vitiviruses are transmitted by scale insects belonging to several species, among which is the European fruit lecanium, Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) (Hemiptera Coccidae). Our objective was to characterize the transmission biology of grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaV) and grapevine virus A (GVA) by this soft scale species in order to evaluate its ability to spread these viruses. In transmission experiments with nymphs sampled from different vineyards infected with GLRaV 1, 2, 3 and GVA, P. corni transmitted only GLRaV 1 and GVA to healthy vines. GVA was predominantly transmitted along with GLRaV 1, whereas the latter could be transmitted alone from single or co-infected vines. Vineyard-sampled second instar nymphs were more efficient than first instars at transmitting GLRaV 1, whereas both instars displayed similar transmission rates for GVA. Short virus inoculation access periods and the absence of virus in eggs of females living on infected grapevines fulfilled the criteria of non-circulative semi-persistent transmission mode.
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Skalský, Michal, Jana Niedobová, and Jan Popelka. "The efficacy of European fruit lecanium, Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché, 1844) control using natural products." Horticultural Science 46, No. 4 (December 30, 2019): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/215/2017-hortsci.

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European fruit lecanium, Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché, 1844) is among the leading worldwide pests of fruits such as plums, currants, jostaberry, grapevine and many others. This study is focused on testing the effectiveness of natural insecticide treatments compared with conventional insecticides on overwintering nymphs of the European fruit lecanium. In February of 2017, two experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions. The tested products were Boundary SW<sup>®</sup> (plant extract), Konflic<sup>®</sup> (plant extract), Ekol<sup>®</sup> (canola oil) and a tank-mix of Ekol<sup>®</sup> + Reldan 22<sup>®</sup> (canola oil and chlorpyrifos-methyl) as a chemical standard. The most effective product tested was the chemical standard tank-mix of Ekol<sup>®</sup> and Reldan 22<sup>®</sup>, which was 100% effective in all experiments. High efficiency was also achieved with Ekol<sup>®</sup> (canola oil) in high concentrations. We can summarize, that using canola oil in high concentration has almost the same effect as the chemical standard. Using canola oil against European fruit lecanium meets the principles of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and also the need to design cropping systems that are less dependent on synthetic pesticides.
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Hodges, Amanda C., and Greg Hodges. "Notes on Members of the Vespidae Foraging on Honeydew Secretions from the European Fruit Lecanium, Parthenolecanium corni (Bouche)." Journal of Entomological Science 36, no. 3 (July 1, 2001): 312–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-36.3.312.

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Hommay, Gérard, Louis Wiss, Catherine Reinbold, Joël Chadoeuf, and Etienne Herrbach. "Spatial Distribution Patterns of Parthenolecanium corni (Hemiptera, Coccidae) and of the Ampelovirus GLRaV-1 and the Vitivirus GVA in a Commercial Vineyard." Viruses 12, no. 12 (December 16, 2020): 1447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12121447.

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Distribution patterns of the European fruit lecanium Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) and of grapevine leafroll-associated virus-1 (GLRaV-1) and grapevine virus A (GVA) were monitored from 2003 to 2015 in a Riesling vine plot in the northeast of France. Virus spread was compared between two periods: 2003–2008 and 2009–2014. The percentage of infected vines increased from 54 to 78% for GLRaV-1 and from 14 to 26% for GVA. The spatial distribution of viruses and of P. corni was analysed using permutation tests and revealed an aggregative pattern. Virus distribution was not associated with the density of P. corni population on grapevines. However, GLRaV-1 and GVA spread mainly from initially infected vines. New GLRaV-1 and GVA infections were more frequent on vines near primarily infected vines, first anisotropically along the row, then between neighbouring rows. Virus spread was similar to those described in literature with grapevine mealybug species. This slow vine-to-vine progression suggests that P. corni was responsible for the virus spread, in accordance with the low mobility and low transmission capacities of its local population.
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Gromek, Natalia. "Overweight and obesity – the scale of the phenomenon and risk factors." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 65, no. 2 (March 31, 2020): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.0454.

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Obesity and overweight are classified as lifestyle diseases of the 21st century. Their universality justifies the need to identify the factors which contribute to excessive body weight. The aim of the paper is to determine the scale of the overweight and obesity phenomenon in European countries and, as mentioned above, to identify the factors contributing to it. The research examined socio-economic factors, fruit and vegetable consumption, sugar and fat consumption, smoking tobacco and alcohol consumption, length of sleep and time spent in front of the TV, energy dose supplied by food and the level of physical activity. The study uses the BMI (body mass index), which is the elementary determiner of the regularity or irregularity of body weight. The analysis is based on the data from the OECD bases for 2013–2015 and from Eurostat for 2014. The applied Spearman correlation revealed statistically significant, strong dependencies among the explanatory variables (i.e. between the consumption of fruit per capita and the consumption of fat per capita, between the income per capita and regular sports activity, between the fat consumption per capita and the level of education, and between the level of education and the consumption of fruit and vegetables per capita). The results of the factor analysis demonstrated that in European countries, the phenomenon of excessive body weight is caused by lack of physical activity.
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Pless, C. D., D. E. Deyton, and C. E. Sams. "Control of San Jose Scale, Terrapin Scale, and European Red Mite on Dormant Fruit Trees with Soybean Oil." HortScience 30, no. 1 (February 1995): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.1.94.

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Emulsions of degummed soybean (Glycine max L.) oil were compared to a petroleum oil emulsion for efficacy against winter populations of San Jose scale [Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock); Homoptera: Diaspididae] and European red mite [Panonychus ulmi (Koch); Acari: Tetranychidae] on dormant apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees and terrapin scale [Mesolecanium nigrofasciatum (Pergande); Homoptera: Coccidae] on dormant peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.] trees. In laboratory tests, more than 94% of San Jose scale was killed on stems dipped for 1 second in 5.0% or 7.5% soybean oil or 5.0% petroleum oil. Mortality of terrapin scale exceeded 93% on peach stems dipped for 1 second in 7.5% soybean oil or 5.0% petroleum oil. No European red mite eggs survived on apple stems dipped for 1 second in 2.5%, 5.0%, or 7.5% soybean oil, or 5.0% petroleum oil. In field tests, >95% of San Jose scale died on apple trees sprayed with one application of 2.5% petroleum oil or 5.0% soybean oil; two applications of these treatments or 2.5% soybean oil killed all San Jose scales. One or two applications of 2.5% petroleum oil or 5.0% soybean oil killed 85% and 98%, respectively, of the terrapin scales on peach trees. Soybean oil shows promise as a substitute for petroleum oil for winter control of three very destructive fruit tree pests.
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Book chapters on the topic "European fruit lecanium scale"

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Robins, Jonathan E. "African Smallholders under Colonial Rule." In Oil Palm, 121–41. University of North Carolina Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469662893.003.0007.

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Small-scale African farmers or “smallholders” produced most of the oil exported from Africa before 1940, and their experiences under European colonialism varied widely. Some governments tried to mechanize smallholder production, introducing small machines that often proved too expensive or complicated to work. Mechanization also upset gender norms, as machinery largely replaced women’s labor in processing palm fruit, but not men’s labor in harvesting. Colonial governments invested in plant breeding as well, hoping that high-yielding trees would boost output even as the Depression sent palm oil prices to record lows. Ultimately, colonial governments relied on taxation and other coercive measures to extract more oil from African smallholders.
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Pallot, Judith, and Tat'yana Nefedova. "The Practice and Theory of Personal Subsidiary Farming in Soviet and Russian Agriculture." In Russia's Unknown Agriculture. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199227419.003.0009.

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The story the official statistics tell about production in the household sector is remarkable for a country as urbanized and industrialized as the Russian Federation. As Table 2.1 shows, this former industrial giant and major oil producer derives 51 per cent of the value of its agricultural produce from farms that, on average, are under one hectare in size and, according to official land use statistics, occupy just 6.6 per cent of the country’s agricultural land (Sel' skoe khozyaistvo, okhota i lesovodstvo, 2004: 56). At the end of the Soviet period personal subsidiary farming was responsible for 26 per cent of the USSR’s agricultural output, a smaller share than now but still significant for what was at that time the world’s second largest industrial economy (Agrarnaya reforma v Rossii, 2000: 204). The post-Soviet expansion in the sector’s relative contribution mainly took place in the early 1990s after which it maintained a steady but more modest increase from the second half of the 1990s to 2002. It fell back in subsequent years but in 2004 was still contributing twice as much as before the USSR’s collapse. In West European countries such small-scale agricultural activity supplements production on large farms or it caters to niche markets. In Russia, the pattern is different and small farms are the principal producers of certain staple foodstuffs such as potatoes and vegetables and equal partners in the production of meat and dairy products. This is shown in Table 2.2. In 1990, before the collapse of communism, personal subsidiary farms accounted for 30 per cent of the country’s vegetables and fruit and between 13 and 42 per cent of the beef, pork, and mutton; collective and state farms were also major producers of these products (ibid. 205). The complementarity between large and small farming was thus a feature of the Soviet period, but it has been brought into sharper relief in the post-communist period. As a result, the importance of people’s farms in the agri-food system in the Russian Federation today can be properly understood only within the context of changes in large farming.
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Conference papers on the topic "European fruit lecanium scale"

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Andrew, Carrie, Einar Heegaard, Rune Halvorsen, Paul M. Kirk, Klaus Høiland, Claus Bässler, Jeffrey Diez, et al. "Revelations for global change and conservation: determining European fungal species’ patterns via a large-scale fruit body ‘meta-database’." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107110.

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