Journal articles: 'Europe atlantique'

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Flatrès, Pierre. "Europe atlantique et Arc atlantique." Norois 157, no. 1 (1993): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/noroi.1993.6464.

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Gnesotto, Nicole. "Europe européenne ou Europe atlantique : histoire de deux illusions." Revue Défense Nationale N° 821, no. 6 (June 1, 2019): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rdna.821.0050.

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Moulier-Boutang, Yann. "La faille atlantique des relations Europe/États-Unis." Multitudes 14, no. 4 (2003): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/mult.014.0013.

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Kerouanton, Isabelle. "Ligne à grande vitesse Sud-Europe-Atlantique et archéologie." Archeopages, Hors-série 4 (October 1, 2016): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/archeopages.7982.

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Zima, Amélie. "La construction politique de l’atlantisme en Europe centrale." Études internationales 49, no. 2 (January 15, 2019): 391–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1055691ar.

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RésuméL’orientation atlantique de l’Europe centrale est analysée à travers l’exemple de trois pays : la Hongrie, la Pologne et la République tchèque. L’étude démontre que ce choix, fait juste après la fin de la guerre froide, n’était ni logique ni évident, mais tenait d’une construction politique dont les ressorts furent différents selon les cas considérés. L’atlantisme résultait tant de jeux politiques nationaux que de la formation de liens culturels ou de considérations géopolitiques. Cependant, si les modalités de son inscription à l’agenda furent variées, les raisons qui motivèrent celle-ci furent similaires et correspondaient à des besoins sécuritaires et identitaires. Enfin, cet exemple montre à quel point les passés douloureux ont influencé la construction de la politique étrangère.

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Kolboom, Ingo. "Le « Triangle de Weimar » et la « double ouverture » euro-atlantique de la Pologne." Études internationales 40, no. 2 (October 9, 2009): 261–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/038278ar.

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Résumé Le « Triangle de Weimar » inaugurait en 1991 une coopération trilatérale entre l’Allemagne, la France et la Pologne. Il devait agir comme médiateur entre la « vieille Europe », représentée par la relation franco-allemande, et la « nouvelle Europe », représentée par la Pologne. Cependant, cette nouvelle Europe se caractérisait notamment par l’appui de la Pologne aux politiques américaines. Cet article montre que le « Triangle de Weimar » continue, malgré les différends entre ses membres, à servir de modèle de coopération nationale, tout en s’ajustant aux transformations actuelles des relations internationales.

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Philippe, Michel. "Un état des connaissances sur la navigation préhistorique en Europe atlantique." Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française 115, no. 3 (2018): 567–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bspf.2018.14923.

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Philippe, Michel. "Un état des connaissances sur la navigation préhistorique en Europe atlantique." Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française 115, no. 3 (2018): 567–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bspf.2018.14923.

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Gallichan, Gilles. "Les Parlements et leurs bibliothèques, ou les chemins documentaires de la démocratie." Documentation et bibliothèques 47, no. 4 (May 13, 2015): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1030374ar.

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Cet article offre un survol de l’apparition des premières bibliothèques parlementaires et législatives dans le monde atlantique au début du XIXe siècle. On constate que ces bibliothèques, tant en Europe qu’en Amérique, ont accompagné les premiers pas des institutions démocratiques. Dans le Nouveau Monde, on a développé un modèle de bibliothèque nationale et parlementaire dont la Bibliothèque du Congrès de Washington est l’exemple ultime. Ailleurs, comme au Québec, pour des raisons historiques, les bibliothèques nationale et parlementaire sont aujourd’hui des institutions distinctes.

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Salanova, Laure. "Le rôle de la façade atlantique dans la genèse du Campaniforme en Europe." Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française 101, no. 2 (2004): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bspf.2004.12989.

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Marchand, Grégor. "Contacts, blocages et filiations entre les aires culturelles mésolithiques et néolithiques en Europe atlantique." L'Anthropologie 109, no. 3 (July 2005): 541–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anthro.2005.06.004.

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Coombs, D. "Symbolisme à l'Age du Bronze final en Europe atlantique, plaques décorées de type Watford." Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française 88, no. 2 (1991): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bspf.1991.9457.

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Montandon, Cléopâtre. "Les relations des parents avec l’école." II. Les essais de maîtrise de l’école par les familles, no. 35 (October 2, 2002): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/005192ar.

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RÉSUMÉLes relations entre les parents et l'école ont beaucoup évolué durant ce dernier quart de siècle en Europe et outre-Atlantique, et de nombreuses recherches ont accompagné ce mouvement. Ce texte présente en première partie des travaux récents réalisés dans ce domaine, qui traitent des relations entre parents et enseignants, de l'implication des parents dans la scolarité de leur enfant, de leur participation à la gestion de l'enseignement scolaire, ainsi que du choix de l'école par les parents. Une deuxième partie expose certaines des questions soulevées par l'analyse du rapport entre les parents et les enseignants, notamment celle de la division du travail entre les deux institutions.

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Harguindéguy, Jean-Baptiste. "La coopération transfrontalière franco-espagnole face à ses contradictions (Note)." Études internationales 35, no. 2 (September 16, 2004): 307–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/009039ar.

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Résumé Depuis l’entrée en vigueur de l’Acte Unique, les accords de coopération transfrontalière se multiplient en Europe. À partir de la comparaison des principales structures de coopération transfrontalière pyrénéennes nous cherchons à déterminer quels sont les facteurs favorisant cette configuration. Il apparaît ainsi que les institutions réalisant un réel travail de développement en synergie se situent majoritairement sur la façade atlantique. Les raisons de ce constat tiennent d’une part à l’adoption d’un statut juridique stable et à la dotation financière dont disposent ces institutions, et d’autre part à la complémentarité des intérêts des acteurs et à leur volonté d’établir un enjeu politique commun malgré la présence de la frontière.

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Huau, Christophe, Thierry Charlemagne, and Philippe Ravache. "La préservation de l'environnement : une dimension importante du projet de LGV Sud Europe Atlantique (SEA)." Annales des Mines - Responsabilité et environnement N° 75, no. 3 (2014): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/re.075.0024.

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de Castelnau-L’Estoile, Charlotte. "Affranchis et descendants d'affranchis dans le monde atlantique (Europe, Afrique et Amériques) du xve au xixe siècle." Histoire monde et cultures religieuses 11, no. 3 (2009): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/hmc.011.0165.

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Chen, Minghui, and Stéphanie Souche Le Corvec. "On the Usefulness of a Combined Mode Choice-Schedule Choice Model: Case of the Paris–Bordeaux Rail Line (France)." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 4 (March 25, 2019): 697–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119837958.

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The high-speed rail line (HSR) Ligne à Grande Vitesse Sud Europe Atlantique (LGV SEA) was inaugurated and put into operation on July 2, 2017. Since then, a decrease has been observed in air traffic and in air service frequency on the Paris–Bordeaux route. This paper examines the competition between HSR and air transportation services and the influence of this new transport infrastructure on passenger behavior. Using discrete choice models along with data from traveler surveys, an econometric analysis of traveler demand is conducted, dealing jointly with mode choice and schedule choice between Paris and Bordeaux. Results demonstrate that the variables specifically constructed to represent the schedule delay cost are significant, with late arrival generating relatively greater costs compared with early arrival. This model also makes it possible to evaluate the quality of transport timetable proposed by the transportation operators with the help of market share prediction.

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Slauter, Will. "Le paragraphe mobile." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 67, no. 2 (June 2012): 363–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0395264900010143.

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RésuméDans le monde atlantique du XVIIIe siècle, les gazettes et journaux politiques se copient, se traduisent, et se répondent. La technologie qui facilite le mouvement des informations à cette époque, c’est le paragraphe. Cette technologie de lecture ancienne devient au XVIIIe siècle l’unité de base des nouvelles imprimées, à la fois véhicule des messages politiques et instrument d’analyse de ces messages. Grâce aux interventions des rédacteurs, imprimeurs, lecteurs et capitaines de bateaux, les nouvelles changent de forme et de fond tandis qu’elles voyagent. Cet article, qui repose sur des études de journalisme en Europe, Grande-Bretagne et Amérique du Nord, met à profit une lecture comparative des périodiques de langues anglaise, française et espagnole pour décrypter les processus de création, de transmission et de réception des nouvelles. Il montre, à partir d’exemples précis tirés de la guerre d’indépendance américaine, l’oeuvre collective qu’est le journalisme transatlantique au XVIIIe siècle. Ce faisant, il met en valeur le paragraphe comme objet d’étude historique.

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Hassner, Pierre. "« Plus c’est la même chose, plus ça change » : Réflexions sur les nouvelles dimensions de la crise atlantique." Études internationales 13, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 473–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/701384ar.

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The atlantic crisis is as old as the Alliance itself, but is has now acquired a critical nature in that in affects deeply the relations of the two major countries : The United States and the Federal Republic of Germany. This crisis lies at the crossroads of an evolution in the international context which has stirred up doubts regarding American protection, and of a change in generation which expresses itself in different ways on either side of the Atlantic. The concepts of "comparative vulnerability" and of "mutual fear of decoupling" are used in an attempt to apprise the situation. A study of the search for a German and a European identity and of the Western responses to events in Poland has led the author to make a few recommendations regarding a new policy of the Atlantic Alliance towards Eastern Europe.

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Legrand, Anne. "Le Hot Club de France des années 1930, un modèle de diffusion et de promotion du jazz." Les musiques franco-européennes en Amérique du Nord (1900-1950) : études des transferts culturels 16, no. 1-2 (April 25, 2017): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1039614ar.

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Depuis le débarquement des troupes américaines en France en 1917, le ragtime puis le jazz vont confirmer leur statut de musiques à la mode dans le milieu culturel parisien des années 1920. Durant la décennie suivante, un groupe de jeunes gens âgés de 18 à 20 ans va créer une association qui deviendra une structure étonnamment solide, capable de promouvoir le jazz en France par l’organisation de concerts, la création d’autres clubs en province, la publication de la revue Jazz Hot et d’autres ouvrages sur le jazz, ainsi que par la création du label Swing. Par ses initiatives, le Hot Club de France va devenir rapidement l’association de référence pour promouvoir le jazz aussi bien en Amérique du Nord qu’en Europe. Des liens se créent avec les acteurs de l’histoire du jazz de l’Amérique du Nord comme Helen Oakley ou Marshall Stearns pour la création de Hot Clubs américains et celle de la Fédération internationale des Hot Clubs. L’activité du Hot Club de France influencera la réalisation des projets d’acteurs de l’histoire du jazz outre-Atlantique comme John Hammond, Alfred Lion et Francis Wolff.

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Bulut, Mehmet. "THE ROLE OF THE OTTOMANS AND DUTCH IN THE COMMERCIAL INTEGRATION BETWEEN THE LEVANT AND ATLANTIC IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 45, no. 2 (2002): 197–230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852002760247113.

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AbstractThe present paper focuses on the role of the Ottomans and Dutch in the early commercial integration between the Levant and Atlantic in the seventeenth century. As an expanding trading nation in the world economy, the Dutch Republic played an important role in the commercial integration between the provinces of the Ottoman Empire and Western Europe. The growth of Ottoman-Dutch economic relations in the seventeenth century followed the growth of economic relations between the provinces of the Empire and Western Europe.Therefore, the two world economic systems, the Ottoman and Western European economy increasingly opened to each other. Le présent article examine les rôles respectifs des Ottomans et des Néerlandais dans le début de l'intégration commerciale entre le Levant et l'Océan Atlantique au XVIIème siècle. Nation commerciale en expansion dans l'économie mondiale, la République hollandaise a joué un rôle important dans l'intégration commerciale des provinces de l'Empire Ottoman à l'Europe Occidentale dans la même période. La croissance des relations économiques entre le monde ottoman et la Hollande au XVIIème siècle a suivi la progression des échanges entre l'Empire et l'Europe occidentale. En conséquence, les deux systèmes économiques du monde se sont de plus en plus ouverts l'un à l'autre.

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Baron-Yelles, Nacima. "Les politiques de la Nature et la métropolisation en Europe du sud : cas du littoral de l’Andalousie atlantique et de l’Algarve." Méditerranée, no. 105 (July 1, 2005): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/mediterranee.346.

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Wallot, Jean-Pierre. "Discours du président : Frontière ou fragment du système atlantique : Des idées étrangères dans l’identité bas‑canadienne au début du XIXe siècle." Historical Papers 18, no. 1 (April 26, 2006): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/030897ar.

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Abstract A group's collective identity is a complex phenomenon which is always difficult to delineate and understand, but however one does so, historical antecedents must be a crucial element. This year's "Presidential Address" explores this important question, which was raised in an earlier presidential discourse. On that occasion, Robert Craig Brown noted that "historical knowledge is an essential component of a nation's sense of cultural identity. ' ' Professor Wallot elucidates this theme: without a concept of what you have been, you cannot know who you are, or what you can be. As one of the characters in Joy Kogama's novel Obasan observes, "you are your history. If you cut off any of it, you're an amputee. ' ' Professor Wallot sets out to explore this problem by examining the Lower Canadian identity between roughly 1780 and 1815, in order to place the colony within the context of the culture of the North Atlantic world. Though Quebec/Lower Canada has often been portrayed as a closed society, relatively homogenous in its attitudes, cut off from its intellectual roots, and somewhat unsympathetic to new ideas, study of aspects of its culture suggest otherwise. The colony had access to contemporary international thought, in all of its variety, and was more than a passive observer in the clash of ideas and the rhythms of cultural change then current in Europe. In arriving at these conclusions, the author presents a two-part defence; in the first part of his paper, he examines the means of cultural diffusion, the role of printed materials in the formation of attitudes and the rapidity with which European ideas were transferred to Quebec. He concludes that, when one removes the time required to transmit these ideas, the colony was aware of, and deeply involved in, the intellectual cross-currents of the North Atlantic world. The author then proceeds to test the validity of this point by examining three quite different aspects of public culture: the discussion aroused by the fear of overpopulation and consequent impoverishment; the banking system and money, and finally, parliamentary theory and practice. In each of these fields, Professor Wallot concludes, the colony's cultural élite, at the very least, was aware of, and responsive to, recent European thought. In a society which boasted nearly universal literacy, this conclusion suggests a culture far more up-to-date than previous work would lead us to expect.

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Pomeranz, Kenneth. "IS THERE AN EAST ASIAN DEVELOPMENT PATH? LONG-TERM COMPARISONS, CONSTRAINTS, AND CONTINUITIES." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 44, no. 3 (2001): 322–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852001320123119.

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AbstractMuch literature normalizes a North Atlantic pattern of development, and sees a regionally specific "East Asian" path in the 20th century. However, development patterns in core regions of Europe and East Asia were surprisingly similar until almost 1800, and Europe's divergence thereafter was shaped by exceptional resource bonanzas. East Asian growth has been less-resource-intensive, and based on different social ideas. Recently, "East Asian" growth has spread to coastal China, but China's interior poses greater challenges; current interest in more resource-intensive, state-centered development strategies for those regions (which resemble those predicted by Gerschenkron) is thus unsurprising, but environmentally and socially risky. La plus grande partie de la littérature sur l'Asie de l'Est prend comme modèle le développement économique et social du Nord-Atlantique, insistant également sur un chemin spécifiquement "Est-Asiatique" qui a été suivi par la region dans le 20e siècle. Néanmoins, l'histoire du développement économique dans les regions centrales de l'Europe est semblable à celle de L'Asie de l'Est, jusqu'au début du 19e siècle. La divergence de l'Europe après 1800 se déterminait comme résultat d'un accès exceptionnel aux ressources naturelles permettant une sur-croissance économique ininterrompue. La croissance en Asie de l'Est était nettement moins dependante sur l'acces aux ressources, et fût basée sur un système d'idées sociales très différent. Plus récemment, le modèle "Est-Asiatique" de croissance économique est apparu en Chine littorale, mais non à l'interieur du pays. L'intérêt actuel des stratégies du développement (tres semblables, d'ailleurs, à celles prevues par Gerschenkron) basées sur l'accès aux ressources, et organisées autour de l'intervention centralisée de l'état dans ces régions n'a rien de surprenant, mais pose en même temps des risques très graves pour l'environnement et pour la société dans les régions de l'intérieur.

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Zembri-Mary, Geneviève. "Configurations complexes d’acteurs locaux et négociation des projets et des financements des LGV : le cas de la LGV Bretagne – Pays de la Loire et de la LGV Sud Europe Atlantique." Norois, no. 248 (November 5, 2018): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/norois.6982.

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Bojovic, Bosko. "Le sud-est européen et l'Europe: Origines et perspectives d'une altérité mal assumée en marge de l'élargissement européen." Balcanica, no. 35 (2004): 239–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc0535239b.

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(francuski) Depuis l'Antiquit? l'histoire de la P?ninsule balkanique est jalonn?e d'alternances entre clivages culturels ou politiques et synth?ses de civilisation: Gr?ce, Rome, Byzance, Empire ottoman. Ce qui a cr?? une superposition de nuances et de diff?renciations ethniques et nationales selon les lignes de partage confessionnelles et culturelles, id?ologiques et politiques. La r?manence de ces lignes de partage, issues en partie du Moyen Age, et qui ne cessent de se d?multiplier depuis le XIXe si?cle, fait que les Balkans oscillent de nos jours entre adh?sion aux processus d'int?gration euro-atlantiques et processus de d?sint?grations successives sur la base des singularisassions communautaires et de pulsions identitaires. Menace majeure de la stabilit? europ?enne au XIXe si?cle connue ? l'?poque sous la d?nomination de "Question d'Orient", la crise balkanique est depuis la fin du XXe si?cle une zone d'ombre sur la toile d'int?gration europ?enne. Les redoutables difficult?s ? g?rer cette crise d?sormais redevenue chronique, font que les Balkans, ind?pendamment ou non de toutes autres contradictions euro-atlantiques, apparaissent comme un espace crucial au sein duquel la future Grande Europe joue tout ou partie de son avenir.

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Anctil, Pierre, and Alexandre Comeau. "The St. Louis Crisis in the Canadian Press: New Data on the June 1939 Incident." Canadian Jewish Studies / Études juives canadiennes 31 (May 19, 2021): 13–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/1916-0925.40206.

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Starting in late May 1939, a humanitarian crisis developed when some 900 German Jews were denied the use of prearranged Cuban temporary immigration permits in the port of Havana after having arrived on board of the MS St. Louis, a luxury German liner. The event soon attracted much media attention because of its dramatic character and negotiations immediately began to find a safe haven for the stranded passengers elsewhere on the Atlantic seacoast. Eventually, after a few days, all efforts in this respect failed and the captain of the MS St. Louis, Gustav Schröder, was forced to contemplate bringing his human cargo back to Western Europe where four countries allowed the passengers to disembark. This article discusses the involvement of the Canadian government and media in this crisis, and the role that the Mackenzie-King cabinet played in denying the German Jewish refugees any hope of being welcomed in the country. Of particular interest here is the fact that the Canadian public was not well informed of the fate of the St. Louis passengers, in either official language, and that largely for this reason no serious pressure was put on the government to bring a different resolution of the crisis. À la fin du mois de mai 1939, une crise humanitaire est apparue quand quelque 900 Juifs allemands, arrivés à bord du paquebot le Saint-Louis, n’ont pu bénéficier dans le port de La Havane de permis d’immigration temporaires cubains déjà émis. L’événement n’a pas tardé à attirer beaucoup d’attention de la part des médias par son côté dramatique et des négociations ont immédiatement été lancées afin de trouver sur la côte atlantique un autre port d’accueil pour les réfugiés apatrides. Après quelques jours, le capitaine du navire, Gustav Schröder a toutefois dû se résoudre à regagner l’Europe de l’Ouest, où quatre pays ont accepté de prendre en charge les passagers. Cet article s’intéresse au rôle joué par le gouvernement et par les médias canadiens dans cette crise, et en particulier au fait qu’aucun geste concret n’ait été fait pour accueillir les réfugiés juifs au pays. L’auteur porte une attention spéciale au fait que le sort des passagers du Saint-Louis n’ait pas fait l’objet de reportages dans les journaux canadiens, dans aucune des langues officielles, et que pour cette raison le cabinet de Mackenzie-King a senti peu de pression de la part des citoyens canadiens pour trouver une résolution différente à la crise.

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Fernández, José Luis, Imma Llorens, and Pablo Alvarado. "Evidence for Gymnosporangium atlanticum in Europe." Mycotaxon 131, no. 2 (August 17, 2016): 357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/131.357.

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Erpicum, Michel. "Suivi satellitaire (Météosat) de la situation météorologique des 21,22 et 23 septembre 1992 sur l'Europe occidentale et le proche Atlantique / Satellite imagery (Meteosat) analysis of the meteorological situation over western Europe and the neighbouring area of the Atlantic Ocean on 21, 22 and 23 September 1992." Revue de géographie de Lyon 68, no. 2 (1993): 125–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/geoca.1993.5849.

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Hinojosa Montalvo, José. "Apertura y comprensión del Mediterráneo meridional peninsular al espacio europeo." Anuario de Estudios Medievales 24, no. 1 (April 2, 2020): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/aem.1994.v24.967.

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A la fin du Moyen Age, dans la Méditerranée Sud-Occidentale, convergent des routes, des gens, des marchandises, des nefs, des idées et des techniques novatrices qui, peu à peu, se diffusent à travers ses États riverains avec une intensité inégale. Ses terres, qui sont toujours des frontières, surtout maritime (pirates et corsaires), et ses villes portuaires (comme Alicante) se revitalisent avec le commerce des pays atlantiques (Flandres) et la présence d'opérateurs économiques italiens et allemands. Une intense circulation d'hommes (esclaves, arabes et juifs expulsés) et de cultures, depuis l’Islam à la Renaissance italienne, avec la découverte de l'imprimerie, nous montre un monde vivant et à la fois refermé sur lui-même, qui continue à regarder davantage vers la Méditerranée que vers l'Atlantique.

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Comps, B., G. Barrière, D. Merzeau, and J. Letouzey. "La variabilité alloenzymatique des hêtraies dans les sous-domaines medio- et eu-atlantiques d'Europe." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17, no. 9 (September 1, 1987): 1043–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x87-160.

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One hundred and four beechwoods located in the Atlantic range of western Europe have been analysed for four polymorphic enzymatic markers. The most diverse populations are mainly found in southern regions (Spain, Pyrenees, Aquitaine), the Pyrenean ones being characterized by the greatest diversity. Allelic variations are noticeable from west to east and then towards the north; they are mostly independent from ecological parameters. Only one locus (peroxydases 1) seems to depend on selection effect (greater polymorphism at high altitude); however, the very important total diversity of Pyrenean beechwoods may be a response, at least partly adaptative, to the large variety of microhabitats found within mountain populations.

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DÍAZ-RODRÍGUEZ, JESÚS, MARCELO GEHARA, RAFAEL MÁRQUEZ, MIGUEL VENCES, HELENA GONÇALVES, FERNANDO SEQUEIRA, IÑIGO MARTÍNEZ-SOLANO, and MIGUEL TEJEDO. "Integration of molecular, bioacoustical and morphological data reveals two new cryptic species of Pelodytes (Anura, Pelodytidae) from the Iberian Peninsula." Zootaxa 4243, no. 1 (March 13, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4243.1.1.

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Parsley frogs (Pelodytes) comprise the only genus in the family Pelodytidae, an ancient anuran lineage that split from their closest relatives over 140 million years ago. Pelodytes is a Palearctic group restricted to Western Eurasia including three extant species: the eastern species P. caucasicus, endemic to the Caucasus area, and two closely related species inhabiting Western Europe: the Iberian endemic P. ibericus and the more widespread P. punctatus. Previous studies based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers have revealed the existence of two additional lineages of Parsley frogs in the Iberian Peninsula, which have been flagged as candidate species. Here, we integrate novel molecular, morphological and bioacoustical data to assess the differentiation of the four western Parsley frog lineages. Species trees and Bayesian population assignment analyses based on nuclear markers confirm previous studies and concordantly delineate four parapatric lineages with narrow hybrid zones. Mitochondrial divergence is low (< 2% pairwise distances in the 16S rRNA gene), in line with previously reported low mitochondrial substitution rates in non-neobatrachian frogs. Based on concordance between mitochondrial and nuclear markers, we conclude that four species of Parsley frogs occur in Western Europe: Pelodytes punctatus, distributed from northern Italy to northeastern Spain; Pelodytes ibericus, inhabiting southern Spain and southern Portugal; Pelodytes atlanticus sp. nov., from the Portuguese Atlantic coast; and Pelodytes hespericus sp. nov., occurring in central and eastern Spain. However, bioacoustical and morphological differentiation of these species is low, with no obvious and qualitative diagnostic characters allowing full species discrimination. Differences in the relative size of metacarpal tubercles exist but this character is variable. Pelodytes ibericus and Pelodytes atlanticus are smaller than the other two species, and P. ibericus has shorter limbs and various distinctive osteological characters. Bioacoustically, the pattern by which two different note types are combined in advertisement calls separates P. hespericus from the remaining species. Despite these differences, we emphasize that the taxonomic status of all four western Parsley frogs requires additional investigation, especially the patterns of genetic admixture across contact zones. While a status of separate species best conforms to the currently available data, alternative hypotheses are also discussed.

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Pétillon, Jean-Marc, and Pierre Cattelain. "Experimental Evidence of Spear-thrower Usage in the Late Upper Palaeolithic (Upper Magdalenian) from the Isturitz Cave Site, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France." Arheologia, no. 2 (June 28, 2022): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/arheologia2022.02.005.

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Dating the appearance of the spear-thrower and the bow among Paleolithic hunter-gatherers has long been an important concern for prehistoric research. In Western Europe, the direct evidence (antler spear-thrower “hooks” from the Middle Magdalenian ca. 19-16 cal ka BP, and pine arrows from the Ahrensburgian ca. 12-11.5 cal ka BP) suggests that the spear-thrower was replaced, or at least largely superseded, by the bow around the end of the Magdalenian period, but the nature and evolution of the weapons used at the transitional period remains unclear. Unlike point morphometry, the comparative study of the points’ fracture patterns offers interesting perspectives for the identification of the projectile delivery mode; but it was rarely applied, especially to points from that period. Projectile experiments carried out in the Cedarc / Musée du Malgré-Tout in the early 2000s bring new data into this debate. Both spear-thrower and bow were used in conditions replicating Palaeolithic hunting, and the projectiles were equipped with experimental copies of antler fork-based points from the Upper Magdalenian (ca. 16-14 cal ka BP) of the Isturitz cave site. After impact, several experimental specimens show proximal fractures characteristic of spear-thrower use, likely due to the much greater size and mass of the spears compared to the arrows, as well as their more irregular trajectory. Similar fractures are found on many of the archaeological specimens: these points were thus used as spearheads rather than arrowheads. The radiocarbon dating of one antler spear-thrower from Isturitz confirms this association. However, the complementary usage of spear-throwers made of perishable materials is plausible, and the concomitant existence of the bow cannot be ruled out.

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Lombardi, Chiara. "Atlantide e altri pays chimériques: mito platonico e poesia nelle Grazie di Foscolo e in alcuni autori europei coevi." Cahiers d’études italiennes, no. 20 (June 30, 2015): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/cei.2380.

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ROWE, CHAD L., SARAH J. ADAMOWICZ, and PAUL D. HEBERT. "Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods." Zootaxa 1656, no. 1 (December 7, 2007): 1–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1656.1.1.

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Molecular approaches have greatly advanced our understanding of species diversity and biogeography in the cladoceran crustaceans. Here, we provide the first large-scale examination of taxonomic diversity in the genus Holopedium Zaddach, 1855, by characterizing patterns of allozyme, mtDNA, and morphological variation from a total of 193 sites from three continents, including collections from near the type localities for the two generally recognized species, Holopedium gibberum Zaddach, 1855, and Holopedium amazonicum Stingelin, 1904. Allozyme data were only available for North American samples but revealed the presence of four species. Divergence patterns in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene supported those species, as well as a fifth taxon endemic to South America. The five putative species are separated by substantial sequence (8.7–24.5%) and allozyme (0.36–1.54 Nei’s distance) divergences, while intraspecific genetic diversity was generally limited in comparison. Although two of these species exhibited little morphological differentiation from their closest relatives, and diagnostic traits were not found among the characters considered, a population-level approach revealed significant morphological differences among all pairs of taxa. We therefore present both an allozyme key and a morphological/geographic key to all species, as well as new or augmented descriptions for all five species. H. gibberum s.s. is distributed in Europe and across arctic North America, while its cryptic sister species, H. glacialis n. sp., is widely distributed across temperate North America. H. amazonicum s.s. is apparently restricted to the Amazon basin, H. atlanticum n. sp. occurs in lakes along the eastern margin of North America, while H. acidophilum n. sp. occurs sporadically across North America along a narrow band of middle latitudes. Due to high morphological variability within species, as well as the detection of cryptic diversity, we suggest that genetic analyses should be performed on populations from other geographic regions and should always accompany the recognition of new species of Holopedium.

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Pataky, J. K., D. C. Plaisted, D. Scholten, and H. F. de Durand. "Puccinia sorghi Virulent on Sweet Corn with the Rp1-D Gene in Southern France." Plant Disease 85, no. 5 (May 2001): 560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.5.560c.

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The Rp1-D gene, which conveys a chlorotic-fleck resistant reaction to Puccinia sorghi, effectively controlled common rust on sweet corn in North America for nearly 15 years. Biotypes of P. sorghi virulent on plants with the Rp1-D gene were widespread in North America for the first time in 1999 and again in 2000 (1,2). Many Rp-resistant sweet corn hybrids that are developed and grown in North America also are grown in Europe, including France where virulence against the Rp1-D gene has not been reported previously. In September 2000, uredinia of common rust were observed on and collected from sweet corn hybrids with the Rp1-D gene in commercial fields and hybrid trials in the Landes and Pyrénées Atlantiques departments of the Aquitaine region of southwestern France. Severity of rust generally was below 5% on these plants except for a few hybrids for which severity was about 20 to 30%. Common rust was not observed on hybrids with the Rp-G gene. Urediniospores were increased as a bulk population on the susceptible sweet corn hybrid Sterling in a greenhouse. Plants with each of 10 single Rp genes (Rp1-A, Rp1-C, Rp1-D, Rp1-E, Rp1-F, Rp1-I, Rp1-K, Rp1-L, Rp1-N, and Rp-G) or each of six compound rust resistance genes (Rp1-D5, Rp1-JC, Rp1-JFC, Rp-GDJ, Rp-GFJ, and Rp-G5JC) were assayed for reactions to this population of P. sorghi. Two to six different sources of seed of each single Rp gene and two different sources of seed of each compound rust resistance gene were replicates with a single pot of 6 to 18 plants grown from a specific seed source. Plants were inoculated three times on successive days by placing 2 or 3 ml of a urediniospore suspension in the whorl of two- to four-leaved seedlings. Reactions were rated 10 days after the last inoculation. Plants without symptoms or with chlorotic-fleck resistant reactions were inoculated again and rated 10 days later. Uredinia did not form on plants with compound rust resistance genes. Plants with the genes Rp1-E, Rp1-I, Rp1-K, and Rp-G also were resistant although a few, very small uredinia (i.e., type-1 uredinia) were observed on a few plants. Plants with the genes Rp1-A, Rp1-C, Rp1-D, Rp1-F, Rp1-L, and Rp1-N were fully susceptible. This pattern of virulence is the same as that observed during the past two years in North American populations of P. sorghi virulent against Rp1-D. Rp-resistance currently available in most sweet corn hybrids will not be effective in France if these virulent biotypes become prevalent. References: (1) J. K. Pataky et al. Plant Dis. 85:165, 2001. (2) M. C. Pate et al. Plant Dis. 84:1154, 2000.

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Cayet, Thomas. "Manuela Martini et Philippe Rygiel (dir.). Genre et travail migrant. Mondes atlantiques, XIXe-XXe siècles. Paris, Publibook, 2009, 198 p. - Manuela Martini et Philippe Rygiel (dir.) « Genre, filière migratoires et marché du travail: acteurs et institutions de la société civile en Europe au XXe siècle », Migrations Société. 22, 127, 2010, p. 45-155." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 65, no. 3 (June 2010): 838–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s039526490004107x.

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Marzagalli, Silvia. "L’histoire atlantique en Europe." Nuevo mundo mundos nuevos, September 24, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/nuevomundo.42463.

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"Le nucléaire, un allié de la qualité de l’air." Revue Générale Nucléaire, no. 1 (January 2019): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rgn/20191034.

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Images de Beijing et Delhi dans la brume, pics de pollution atmosphérique en Europe et outre-Atlantique, le « smog », issu du développement industriel et des voitures, a la vie dure. Et son impact sur la santé, largement documenté, n’est plus à démontrer. Nucléaire et renouvelables, énergies bas carbone, constituent des outils puissants pour répondre à ce problème majeur de santé environnementale.

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Bouchet, Éric. "Prospection aérienne sur le tracé de la ligne à grande vitesse Sud-Europe-Atlantique." ADLFI. Archéologie de la France - Informations, March 1, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/adlfi.3044.

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BERTRAND, Frédéric. "AS RELAÇÕES HOMEM-NATUREZA AS RELAÇÕES HOMEM-NATUREZA NO QUADRO DOS LITORAIS QUADRO DOS LITORAIS ATLÂNTICOS." Raega - O Espaço Geográfico em Análise 4 (December 31, 2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/raega.v4i0.3336.

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Por razões ao mesmo tempo históricas, socioeconômicas e epistemológicas, o espaço atlântico representa um campo privilegiado para a análise das relações Homem-natureza no litoral. São apresentadas, sucessivamente, as duas grandes representações antinômicas da relação com a natureza litorânea que marcaram a evolução dos litorais atlânticos a natureza litorânea-objeto, ampliamente inspirada pelo modelo científico-político europeu de conquista das terras baixas submetidas à alternância das marés e a natureza litorânea-sujeito, muito influenciada pelo movimento cultural de inspiração ecológica dos anos 60. Diante do impasse tanto conceitual como gestionário ao qual levam essas duas visões do litoral, a nova análise das transformações recíprocas do homen pela natureza litorânea e do litoral pelo homem sugere que se considere o litoral não mais como um objeto nem como um sujeito, e sim como um projeto, portador de um significado e de uma direção. O autor insiste portanto nas condições conceituais, políticas e jurídicas da evolução dessas relações ao entrar no III milênio e no desenvolvimento que convém desejar sustentável. Les relations homme-nature dans le des littoraux atlantiques Résumé Pour des raisons à la fois historiques, socio-économiques et épistémologiques, lespace atlantique constitue un terrain privilégié pour lanalyse des relations Homme-nature sur le littoral. Sont présentées successivement, les deux grandes figures antinomiques du rapport à la nature littorale qui ont marqué lévolution des littoraux atlantiques: la nature littorale-objet, largement inspirée du modèle scientifico-politique européen de conquête des terres intertidales, et la nature littorale-sujet, fortement marquée par le mouvement culturel dinspiration écologiste des années 1960. Face à limpasse autant conceptuelle que gestionnaire à laquelle conduisent ces deux visions du littoral, lanalyse renouvellée des transformations réciproques de lhumain par la nature littorale et du littoral par lhumain suggère que lon fasse du littoral non plus un objet ou un sujet mais un projet, chargé dune signification et dune direction. Lauteur porte alors laccent, sur les conditions conceptuelles, politiques et juridiques de lévolution de ces rapports à laube du III millénaire et dun développement quil est convenu de souhaiter comme durable.

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PÉREZ-GARCÍA, Adán, Francisco ORTEGA, and Xabier MURELAGA. "Iberoccitanemys atlanticum (Lapparent de Broin & Murelaga, 1996) n. comb.: new data on the diversity and paleobiogeographic distributions of the Campanian-Maastrichtian bothremydid turtles of Europe." Comptes Rendus Palevol, no. 32 (August 16, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a32.

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Bothremydidae is the most abundant clade of turtles in the Campanian and Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) fossil record of southwestern Europe. Several members of Foxemydina Gaffney, Tong & Meylan, 2006 are known in an area that includes Southern France and the North-Eastern half of Spain. The problematic ‘Polysternon’ atlanticum is the worst characterized, lacking a diagnosis that allows its specific validity to be confirmed, and whose generic attribution has been recognized as doubtful. Its presence was exclusively proposed in its type locality, the upper Campanian quarry of Laño, in Treviño County (Burgos Province, North of Spain). Despite the fact that knowledge about Bothremydidae has markedly increased after the description of ‘Polysternon’ atlanticum Lapparent de Broin & Murelaga, 1996, no new information about this species has been published since the 1990s. The analysis of abundant unpublished material of the bothremydid from Laño allows us to confirm the validity of this species. As a consequence of this study, it is not only identified in its type locality, but also in other Spanish regions and in the south of France. The diversity of Bothremydidae Baur, 1891 in the Upper Cretaceous of Europe is lower than previously considered. Thus, the species ‘Iberoccitanemys convenarum’ (Laurent, Tong & Claude, 2002), originally defined for the French record, and subsequently also identified in Spain, is identified here as a synonym of the species described in Laño. An emended diagnosis for the upper Campanian to upper Maastrichtian, Iberoccitanemys atlanticum (Lapparent de Broin & Murelaga, 1996) n. comb., is proposed.

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Benhadji, Nadhira, Michel Sartori, Karima Abdellaoui Hassaine, and Jean-Luc Gattolliat. "Reports of Baetidae (Ephemeroptera) species from Tafna Basin, Algeria and biogeographic affinities revealed by DNA barcoding." Biodiversity Data Journal 8 (August 14, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/bdj.8.e55596.

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The Mediterranean basin is known to be the cradle of many endemic species. Within mayflies (Insecta, Ephemeroptera), North African species belonging to the family Baetidae remain poorly known and, traditionally, affinities to European fauna were proposed. Recent studies, based on molecular reconstructions, showed closer relationships to Mediterranean islands fauna. Baetidae were sampled from North-West Algerian wadis (Tafna basin) and involved in COI barcoding reconstructions. Seven species were identified. The subgenus Rhodobaetis is represented by Baetis atlanticus known previously from Macaronesian islands, Europe and Morocco and the Maghrebian endemic Baetis sinespinosus. Specimens, previously identified as Cloeon cf. dipterum, correspond to Cloeon peregrinator and, until now, only reported from Macaronesia. Besides the confirmation of endemicity of some species, such as Procloen stagnicola and B. sinespinosus, our molecular study showed quite original results for relationships between European, insular and Algerian species. Baetis maurus stood out as a North African endemic sister clade to an Iberian clade. Furthermore, we found clear interspecific distances between Algerian and European clades for A. cf. sinaica and B. cf. pavidus, suggesting the presence of cryptic species in Algeria. However, additional studies are needed, as, for the moment, no clear morphological characters were found to separate the different clades and support them as valid species.

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Obichkina, E. "“Russian Question” in the Focus of European Geopolitics." International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy 18, no. 3 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.17994/it.2020.18.3.62.5.

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This article is about a book authored by Thomas Gomart on ten major geopolitical challenges for Europe today, Russia’s return to the club of the most influential world powers being one of them. A natural partner, Russia is being increasingly alienated from Europe and reciprocates to it by taking a diverging path. Is this emerging geostrategic r irreversible? This question is of critical relevance for the future of the both parts of the continent. An analysis of Europeans’ perceptions of the balance of geopolitical interests of Western Europe and Russia provides a key to understanding the reasons behind the growing divergence between them. Thomas Gomart, Director of IFRI (Institut français des relations internationales), the leading international relations think tank of France, is a top French expert in geopolitics who also specializes in Russian politics. His views and recommendations largely echo key foreign policy statements and actions of Emmanuel Macron, which reveals a high degree of their representativeness of French political elite views. Thomas Gomart's forecasts respond to the most urgent needs of European geopolitics from the angle of the interests of France which is committed to acting on behalf of the European Union and aims to position an expanded Western Europe as an independent center of power in the emerging world hierarchy. For Russian readers such publications are interesting from two points of view: they give an idea of the direction in which this type of research is going and of the methodology used in geostrategic forecasting. In particular, the book demonstrates significant cognitive changes in the analysis of international behavior of Russia. They stem from the new European reality, as represented, in particular, by Europe’s political and intellectual elite which has been molded by the 70 years of NATO’s existence and almost 65 years of the European Homo Atlanticus project. The overall conclusion is rather disappointing for Russia. Europeans regard its growing power as a challenge, not as an opportunity to join efforts to strengthen the continent's position in the face of the intensifying US-China rivalry. Moscow sees this as a break with the main pillar of French diplomacy — its Gaullist tradition, whereas, in fact, it merely reflects, in the spirit of classical realism, current assessments of the balance of power in Europe and the world. Any motivation for returning to partnership has decrease, firstly, due to Russian leaders’ flat refusal to adopt the Western model of convergence and, secondly, because of the forecasts of the weakening of the country's economic capacity. The growth of Russia’s military might clashes with the interests of Western Europe. If Russia turns to China, driven by the asymmetry of economic opportunities, it risks taking a subordinate role, if not a marginal one, in the global Great Silk Road project. At the same time, Russia, a great continental power spanning China and the European Union, in the absence of any common ground and with its continued estrangement with Western Europe, may find itself outside the main stage where future geopolitical and geoeconomic action involving the West and the Indo-Pacific region will take place.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Europe atlantique'

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