Relevant bibliographies by topics / Euro crisi

Academic literature on the topic 'Euro crisi'

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Published: 9 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Euro crisi"

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Cerfeda, Walter. "La di-unione europea e il patto euro plus." SOCIOLOGIA DEL DIRITTO, no. 3 (February 2012): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sd2011-003005.

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L'Europa sta attraversando il periodo piů difficile della sua storia e gli sbocchi sono del tutto incerti ed imprevedibili. La combinazione inedita tra stagnazione economica e speculazione finanziaria puň determinare un lungo periodo di recessione economica e la messa in discussione della stessa moneta dell'euro. Per questo vi č una sostanziale moratoria dei diritti sociali. Il modello sociale europeo č stato sempre interconnesso al modello economico e la crisi attuale ingenera quella sociale. Una politica di solo rigore non basta. La crisi non č nell'euro ma dell'euro. Serve un equilibrio urgente tra rigore e crescita. Quindi non un'Europa delle nazioni ma un'accelerazione dell'integrazione economica e un vero ruolo di Banca centrale della BCE. La scorciatoia di rovesciare tutto il deficit di competitivitŕ sul lavoro in realtŕ sta conducendo l'UE in un vicolo cieco.
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Gjurchinova, Anastasija, and Lindita Ahmeti. "Номадизам и феминизам. Кон Rosi Braidotti, Soggeto nomade. Femminismo e crisi della modernità." Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture 1, no. 3 (June 1, 2002): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.51151/identities.v1i3.75.

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Author(s): Anastasija Gjurchinova | Анастасија Ѓурчинова Title (Macedonian): Номадизам и феминизам. Кон Rosi Braidotti, Soggeto nomade. Femminismo e crisi della modernità Title (Albanian): Nomadizmi dhe feminizmi. Për Rosi Braidotti, Soggetto nomade. Femminismo e crisi della modernità Translated by (Macedonian to Albanian): Lindita Ahmeti Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 1, No. 3 (Summer 2002) Publisher: Research Center in Gender Studies - Skopje and Euro-Balkan Institute Page Range: 183-187 Page Count: 5 Citation (Macedonian): Анастасија Ѓурчинова, „Номадизам и феминизам. Кон Rosi Braidotti, Soggeto nomade. Femminismo e crisi della modernità“, Идентитети: списание за политика, род и култура, т. 1, бр. 3 (лето 2002): 183-187. Citation (Albanian): Anastasija Gjurchinova, „Nomadizmi dhe feminizmi. Për Rosi Braidotti, Soggetto nomade. Femminismo e crisi della modernità“, përkthim nga Maqedonishtja Lindita Ahmeti, Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 1, No. 3 (Summer 2002): 183-187.
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Guarriello, Fausta. "La concertazione: prospettive euro-unitarie." GIORNALE DI DIRITTO DEL LAVORO E DI RELAZIONI INDUSTRIALI, no. 172 (February 2022): 703–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/gdl2021-172013.

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L'introduzione della procedura di dialogo sociale nel Protocollo sulla Politica sociale e nel Trattato dell'Unione europea ha consacrato il ruolo delle parti sociali nella elaborazione e attuazione delle misure normative di politica sociale e del lavoro. Il modello del dialogo sociale eu-ropeo ha costituito fonte di ispirazione per gli ordinamenti nazionali quale riferimento normativo delle pratiche di concertazione sociale. Dopo una prima intensa stagione di accordi-quadro europei cui è stata attribuita efficacia erga omnes tramite atti legislativi, il modello è entrato in crisi a causa della rarefazione della legislazione comunitaria in campo sociale e dell'affermarsi di meccanismi di soft law, come della crescente difficoltà per le parti sociali di stipulare accordi di natura normativa. Di recente la Commissione, dopo aver attivato la fase di consultazione, ha bloccato la richiesta delle parti sociali di presentare una proposta legislativa sulla base dell'accordo da esse sottoscritto, invocando l'esistenza di un potere discrezionale di valutare l'opportunità del recepimento in una misura legislativa. La Corte di giustizia ha confermato tale interpretazione delle disposizioni del Trattato, aprendo una breccia nel modello europeo di concertazione sociale che appare del tutto dissonante rispetto all'attuale fase politica di ricostruzione della dimensione sociale.
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Fantini, Giulia. "Effetti sulle banche minori della crisi dei debiti sovrani in area euro." ARGOMENTI, no. 39 (January 2014): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/arg2013-039003.

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de Crescenzo, Armando. "Il Meccanismo Europeo di Stabilità ‘alla prova' del futuro dell'Unione europea. Parlamenti (ancora) assenti nelle condizionalità macroeconomiche?" CITTADINANZA EUROPEA (LA), no. 1 (August 2020): 133–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ceu2020-001005.

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Il lavoro inquadra la genesi e la governance del Meccanismo Europeo di Stabilità (MES), anche in relazione all'ordinamento costituzionale, più di recente oggetto di un acceso dibattito pubblico sia con riguardo alle sue modifiche, quanto al suo impiego per risolvere la crisi sanitaria che ha investito la zona euro a dieci anni di distanza dalla crisi economica iniziata nel 2008. Nell'ambito delle numerose problematiche giuridiche che pone il MES, ci si concentra sul funzionamento delle condizionalità previste dal Trattato, l'impatto sull'indirizzo politico nazionale e il deficit di democraticità che si registra in questi meccanismi intergovernativi. Bisognerebbe chiedersi se sia realmente questa l'idea di Unione Europea auspicata dai padri fondatori e se siano maturi i tempi per operare una vera (e significativa) svolta, indispensabile per la sopravvivenza stessa del progetto europeo.
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Guasconi, Maria Eleonora. "Prove tecniche di politica estera: la Comunitŕ economica europea e lo sviluppo del dialogo euro-arabo negli anni Settanta." MONDO CONTEMPORANEO, no. 2 (December 2012): 35–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/mon2012-002002.

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L'articolo ricostruisce i negoziati che, all'indomani dello shock petrolifero del 1973, si svolsero tra i nove membri della Comunitŕ economica europea e i paesi della Lega araba nella cornice della cooperazione politica, mettendo in luce il tentativo europeo di trovare una via d'uscita autonoma alla crisi energetica degli anni Settanta. Grazie a un'ampia documentazione archivistica, l'autrice dimostra che, pur tra numerose difficoltŕ e ostacoli, attraverso il dialogo euro-arabo la Comunitŕ sperimentň per la prima volta, dopo gli accordi di Yaoundé/Lomé, un'esperienza di relazioni collettive con un gruppo di paesi terzi, promuovendo un negoziato che, seppur limitato a questioni economiche che esulavano dal petrolio, portň ad alcuni significativi risultati, come la dichiarazione di Venezia del 1980, considerata una pietra miliare della posizione europea nei confronti del conflitto arabo-israeliano. La ricostruzione dello svolgimento del dialogo euro-arabo rappresenta inoltre un interessante esempio della crescita della dimensione delle relazioni esterne della Cee durante gli anni Settanta.
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Jimena Quesada, Luis. "Pace, Lorenzo Federico. Il regime giuridico dell’euro. La nascita dell’Uione economica e monetaria, la sua crisi e la risposta dell’Unione europea, Cacucci Editore, Bari, 2018, 184 pp., ISBN 978-88-6611-695-0." Estudios de Deusto 68, no. 1 (July 3, 2020): 577–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/ed-68(1)-2020pp577-583.

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El Doctor Lorenzo Federico Pace, Profesor de Derecho de la Unión Europea (UE) en la Università degli Studi del Molise (Italia), nos ofrece una monografía sólida y de lectura imprescindible para acercarse al régimen jurídico del euro y, como más específicamente reza el subtítulo y sirve de eje a la estructura de la obra en tres grandes capítulos: al nacimiento de la Unión Económica y Monetaria (capítulo primero), a su crisis (capítulo segundo) y a la respuesta dada por la propia UE (capítulo tercero).
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Montoro, Xabier Arrizabalo. "El euro, caballo de Troya del FMI en Europa." Argumentum 5, no. 2 (February 27, 2014): 6–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18315/argumentum.v5i2.6166.

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Trescientos cuarenta y cuatro euros mensuales, 344. Ésta es la pérdida salarial que, en promedio, sufrió cada trabajador español sólo en 2006. Es el resultado de la caída de participación de los salarios en el PIB, desde el 63,3% de 1993 hasta el 54,9% de 2006; pérdida que totalizó 82.927 millones de euros y, por tanto, 4.130 euros anuales por trabajador o los 344 mensuales mencionados. El período 1993-2006 abarca desde la entrada en vigor del Tratado de Maastricht, que inicia oficialmente el camino hacia el euro, hasta justo antes del estallido de la crisis. Se trata, por consiguiente, del período del euro, en cuyo marco se decía “España va bien” . Y esta pérdida salarial sintetiza con claridad el significado del euro, la intencionalidad con la que fue impuesto. De hecho, supone una caída de participación, en promedio simple anual, del 0,65%, mientras en el período 1978-93 fue del 0,28% y en el período 2006-2013, ya en la crisis actual, del 0,49%.
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Datta, Bivek. "Impact of Euro Crisis on the Tourism Industry in Euro Zone." Paripex - Indian Journal Of Research 3, no. 4 (January 15, 2012): 247–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22501991/apr2014/80.

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Dimitrios, Dapontas. "Can Euro Zone Survive and Long Prosper?" Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 4, no. 2 (February 15, 2012): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v4i2.309.

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The current problems on the aftermath of the global credit crunch left the weakest Euro countries in the turbulence of a debt crisis, which has been spread in five countries (Greece, Ireland, Portugal, Italy and Spain respectively) and raised the question of a Euro zone future survival. The surviving barriers have to do with limitations and restrictions on the single market, the lack of political union and different monetary policy targets. Incentives to secede are also present. However, a possible withdraw of a country would have high cost for all the participants and it could lead to monetary union’s demolition. The costs related with a possible withdraw are high, thus it is difficult for a country to leave a union. In the recent debt crisis, the countries accepted bailouts from their counterparts and international organizations in order to prevent the Euro zone collapse spreading the crisis further. Three possible Euro zone future scenarios are analyzed. The volunteer or not breakup of the union and reintroducing of national currencies, the breakup of the Euro zone to two currencies consisting Optimal Currency Areas (OCAs)is analyzed by using thirteen equally weighted optimum area criteria and the imposition of an interest equalization tax(IET) in order to make the Euro zone a single OCA. The results show that the asymmetries lead to the crisis persists in a possible two Euros area and this scenario cost is higher than union dissolution’s. An IET can help Euro zone in the short time to develop sustainable characteristics.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Euro crisi"

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BRUNO, FEDERICO. "ORDOLIBERALISM AND THE REFORM OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE DURING THE EURO CRISIS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/748061.

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The thesis aims at investigating the influence of Ordoliberalism, a German variant of Neoliberalism, in the reforms of the European economic governance undertaken during the crisis. The influence of the ordoliberal ideology has become, in the last years, a contentious topic: part of the literature claims that Ordoliberalism did influence the actions of the German government in the years of the crisis, while another part denies that this ideology played any significant role. This thesis aims to contribute to this debate. The thesis is divided in two parts. The first one is theoretical and reconstructs the ordoliberal ideology relying on Michael Freeden’s morphological approach. The second part is empirical and uses the methodologies of political science to trace the influence of this ideology in the European crisis politics.
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RIVOLTA, GIULIA. "ESSAYS ON MONETARY POLICY AND CYCLICAL CONVERGENCE IN THE EURO AREA." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/256711.

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This work contributes to the literature about the Euro-area monetary policy analysing the effects of unconventional measures, the conduct of monetary policy by the European central bank and the effects of the crisis on the economic structures of member countries. The first chapter deals with the effects of unconventional monetary policy measures implemented since 2007 to cope with the financial and sovereign debt crisis. The focus is on government bond yields as they as they became the direct expression of the sovereign debt crisis in the Euro area, and it deals with two aspects of the transmission mechanism: the first one is the expectational channel and the second one is the effect of liquidity injections. Results show that the effect of unconventional monetary policies are not unique inside the monetary union but vary across countries and over time. In particular, the unfolding of the European sovereign debt crisis completely changed the impact of liquidity injections as they led to a rise in interest rate spreads for highly indebted countries. The second chapter analyzes the conduct of monetary policy in the Euro area over the period 1999-2013 by estimating several monetary policy reaction functions with time-varying coefficients and heteroskedastic error terms. This allows to evaluate whether relevant shifts in the conduct of monetary policy occurred and whether the current financial crisis had an influence on that. Results show that the sensitivity of the ECB towards inflation and output gap changed along the time span and mainly after 2008 as it also started to respond to new variables like bank loans and sovereign bond yield spreads. The third chapter analyzes the effects of the recent economic crisis in the Euro area in light of international structural macroeconomic relationships. This is achieved through a conditional forecast exercise. By comparing the forecast with the actual path of the Euro-area variables it is possible to evaluate whether, given the effects of the crisis in US, pre-crisis structural macroeconomic relationship are able to explain Euro-area economic developments during the crisis. Results show that the effects of the crisis have been much more heterogeneous than what implied by structural relationships and the crisis shock suggesting that either a structural break or a strong idiosyncratic shock affected the Euro area after 2008. Finally, the sovereign debt crisis by itself seems not to be able to explain neither business-cycle and inflation heterogeneity, nor the recent recession and economic slack.
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GABRIELI, SILVIA. "Three essays on the unsecured euro money market and its functioning during the 2007-2008 financial crisis." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/207780.

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La mia tesi di dottorato consiste di tre articoli empirici sul mercato interbancario europeo non collateralizzato e il suo funzionamento durante la crisi finanziaria del 2007-2008. Il primo articolo, intitolato “Il funzionamento del mercato interbancario europeo durante la crisi finanziaria del 2007-2008”1 fornisce un’analisi dettagliata del funzionamento del mercato interbancario europeo dei prestiti non collateralizzati con scadenza overnight (O/N) durante la crisi finanziaria del 2007-2008, studiando le serie storiche dei tassi di interesse, del turnover del mercato, e dei costi di indebitamento delle banche. Lo scopo è cercare di distinguere l’impatto degli eventi di mercato – sin dall’inizio delle tensioni nell’estate del 2007 fino alla fine di novembre 2008 – da pattern stagionali, dinamiche regolari determinate dalla cornice istituzionale dell’operatività dell’Eurosistema, dall’impatto degli interventi eccezionali intrapresi dalla Banca Centrale Europea (BCE) durante la crisi. I risultati mostrano il ruolo importante, accanto agli eventi di mercato, della liquidità addizionale fornita dalla BCE e dell’accresciuta tendenza delle istituzioni finanziarie a trattenere la liquidità in eccesso piuttosto che scambiarla sul mercato interbancario. L’aumento del rischio di controparte e fattori stagionali sono importanti determinanti dei tassi d’interesse e dei volumi O/N; la fornitura eccezionale di liquidità da parte dell’Eurosistema e i notevoli cambiamenti alla cornice istituzionale di implementazione della politica monetaria hanno influenzato gli incentivi delle banche a scambiare liquidità nel mercato. L’analisi dei tassi di interesse pagati dalle singole banche per i prestiti non collateralizzati documenta il ruolo chiave della reputazione al fine di ottenere migliori condizioni di funding e, durante la crisi, mostra un ripiegamento verso controparti nazionali e la garanzia implicita goduta dalle banche con i maggiori volumi d’affari di essere “too-big-to-fail”. Il secondo articolo, intitolato “La microstruttura del mercato monetario prima e dopo la crisi finanziaria: una prospettiva di rete”2, fornisce una dettagliata analisi sulla microstruttura del mercato monetario europeo secondo l’approccio della teoria delle reti. Le banche sono i nodi delle reti; i prestiti overnight non collateralizzati formano i link che connettono i nodi. L’analisi statica degli indicatori di rete conferma molti fatti stilizzati verificati per altri sistemi complessi: le reti interbancarie sono molto sparse – lungi dall’essere complete – esibiscono la proprietà “small world” e una distribuzione del grado (il numero di controparti con cui ogni banca stabilisce dei link) che segue una legge esponenziale. D’altra parte la tendenza della banche al clustering, cioè a formare gruppi dove i link sono relativamente più densi, è molto più bassa rispetto ad altri sistemi reali. L’analisi della topologia delle reti prima versus dopo l’inizio della crisi fornisce intuizioni interessanti sul potenziale per il contagio finanziario; la partizione delle reti in diverse sotto-reti più piccole e internamente connesse documenta un movimento contro l’integrazione del mercato; pattern eterogenei degli indicatori per banche che hanno dimensioni diverse offrono intuizioni sul loro comportamento. Infine, 1 CEIS Working Paper No. 158 (December 2009). Submitted to the International Journal of Central Banking. 2 CEIS Working Paper No. 181 (January 2011). l’analisi degli indicatori di centralità di rete indica chiaramente che le banche più grandi sono anche le più centrali/influenti nel sistema prima della crisi. Questo cambia dopo Agosto 2007, quando le banche di medie dimensioni e quelle molto piccolo gradualmente aumentano la loro influenza nel mercato come prestatori di liquidità. Il terzo articolo, intitolato “Too-connected versus too-big-to-fail: la centralità di rete delle banche e i tassi di interesse overnight”3 studia cosa determina i costi di indebitamento delle banche nel mercato monetario non collateralizzato. L’obiettivo è testare se misure di centralità, che quantificano gli effetti di rete dovuti alle interazioni tra le banche nel mercato, possono aiutare a spiegare i pattern eterogenei nei tassi di interesse pagati per prendere a prestito fondi non collateralizzati una volta che si controlla per la dimensione della banca e per altri fattori specifici di ogni banca e del mercato. Evidenza preliminare mostra che le banche grandi si indebitano in media a tassi migliori rispetto alle istituzioni più piccole, sia prima che dopo l’inizio della crisi finanziaria. Tuttavia, controllando per la dimensione, le misure di centralità riescono a catturare parte della variazione cross-section nei tassi overnight. Più in particolare: (1) Prima dell’inizio della crisi tutte le banche, indipendentemente dalla loro dimensione, beneficiano di forme diverse di interconnessione, ma l’effetto è piccolo in termini economici. La reputazione della banca e il rischio di controparte sono i fattori più rilevanti per ridurre i tassi d’interesse medi giornalieri. Le banche straniere prendono a prestito a sconto rispetto a quelle italiane. (2) Dopo Agosto 2007 l’impatto della centralità delle banche diventa più forte ma assume segno opposto: la “ricompensa” derivante da una maggiore interconnessione diventa una “punizione”, segnale questo forse di disciplina di mercato. La reputazione della banca diventa ancora più importante. (3) Dopo la bancarotta di Lehman l’effetto della centralità sullo spread mantiene lo stesso segno che aveva dopo Agosto 2007, ma la sua dimensione economica è notevolmente più grande. Le banche straniere pagano un premio significativo rispetto a quelle Italiane; la reputazione diventa estremamente più importante rispetto a prima della crisi.
My doctoral thesis consists of three empirical papers on the unsecured euro money market and its functioning during the 2007-2008 financial crisis. The first paper, titled “The functioning of the European interbank market during the 2007-2008 financial crisis”1 provides a detailed analysis of the functioning of the overnight (O/N) unsecured euro money market during the 2007-2008 financial crisis by looking at the time patterns of interest rates, market turnover and banks’ borrowing costs. The aim is to disentangle the impact of market events – since the outbreak of tensions in the summer of 2007 until the end of November 2008 – from seasonal patterns of market activity, movements determined by the Eurosystem’s operational framework, the impact of the ECB’s exceptional crisis-related interventions. The results show the important role, alongside market events, of the additional refinancing provided by the ECB and of credit institutions’ increased tendency to hoard surplus reserves rather than trading them in the secondary market. Higher counterparty credit risk and seasonal factors are important determinants of O/N rates and volumes; the exceptional provision of liquidity by the Eurosystem and the relevant changes to the operational framework have influenced banks’ incentives to trade liquidity in the market. The analysis of banks’ costs for uncollateralised loans provides evidence of the major role of bank reputation to obtain better funding and, during the crisis, of a retreat towards national counterparties and of a too-big-to-fail guarantee implicitly granted to the banks with the highest volumes of business. The second paper, titled “The microstructure of the money market before and after the financial crisis: a network perspective”2, provides a detailed microstructure analysis of the euro money market by taking a network perspective. Banks are the nodes of the networks; overnight unsecured loans form the links connecting the nodes. The static analysis of network indicators confirms a number of stylised facts verified for other real complex systems: interbank networks are highly sparse, far from being complete, exhibit the small world property and a power-law distribution of degree (the number of counterparties each bank establishes links with). On the other hand the tendency of banks to cluster, i.e. to form groups where links are relatively denser, is much lower than in other real systems. The analysis of the topology before versus after the start of the crisis provides interesting insights into the potential for financial contagion; the partition of the network into several smaller sub-networks documents a move against market integration; heterogeneous patterns of indicators across banks of different size offer insights into banks’ behaviour. Finally, the analysis of network centrality indicates unambiguously that the biggest banks are also the most central/influent in the system before the onset of the crisis. Things change after August 2007 since medium-sized and very small banks progressively increase their influence in the market as liquidity providers. 1 CEIS Working Paper No. 158 (December 2009). Submitted to the International Journal of Central Banking. 2 CEIS Working Paper No. 181 (January 2011). The last paper, titled “Too-connected versus too-big-to-fail: banks’ network centrality and overnight interest rates”3 aims at studying what influences banks’ borrowing costs in the unsecured euro money market. The objective is to test whether measures of centrality, quantifying network effects due to interactions among banks in the market, can help explain heterogeneous patterns in the interest rates paid to borrow unsecured funds once bank size and other bank and market factors that affect the overnight segment are controlled for. Preliminary evidence shows that large banks borrow on average at better rates compared to smaller institutions, both before and after the start of the financial crisis. Nonetheless, controlling for size, centrality measures can capture part of the cross-sectional variation in overnight rates. More specifically: (1) Before the start of the crisis all the banks, independently of their size, profit from different forms of interconnectedness, but the economic size of the effect is small. Bank reputation and perceived credit riskiness are the most relevant factors to reduce average daily interest rates. Foreign banks borrow at a discount over Italian ones. (2) After August 2007 the impact of banks’ interconnectedness becomes larger but changes sign: the “reward” stemming from a higher centrality becomes a “punishment”, which possibly reflects market discipline. Bank reputation becomes even more important. (3) After Lehman’s bankruptcy the effect of centrality on the spread maintains the same sign as after August 2007, but the magnitude increases remarkably. Foreign banks borrow at a relevant premium over Italian ones; reputation becomes outstandingly more important than in normal times.
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Cheng, Jin. "Essai sur la crise de la zone euro." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAB004/document.

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Depuis son éruption en septembre 2009, la crise de la zone euro a été au centre de l'attention des économistes et des décideurs politiques. L'objectif principal de cette thèse est de développer des modèles théoriques pertinents afin d'analyser les facteurs à l'origine de la crise jumelle des banques et de la dette souveraine dans une union monétaire avec une architecture institutionnelle globalement similaire de l'Union économique et monétaire avant 2012. Tout en mettant l'accent sur la vulnérabilité financière, nous explorons la relation entre le secteur bancaire, l'économie réelle et le budget du gouvernement dans le contexte d 'une union monétaire. Cette thèse se compose de quatre modèles théoriques de la crise bancaire, avec le premier illustrant la crise financière qui avait éclaté en 2008 dans les petites économies européennes en dehors de l 'UEM et les trois modèles suivants élucidant la situation de crise dans la zone euro en2009 jusqu'en 2012
In this Ph. D. thesis, we analyze the conditions for the emergence and the aggravation of the recent crisis in Europe from 2008 to 2012. The major objective of this Ph. D. thesis is to develop theoretical models which will be effective in investigating the twin banking and sovereign debt crises in a monetary union with a broadly similar institutional design to the EMU before 2012. Different from 'traditional' financial crisis models that shed light on the role of the central bank in crisis policy response, the models developed in this thesis investigate and underline the importance of fiscal crisis management. White accentuating financial vulnerability, we explore the relationship between the banking sector, the realeconomy and the public budget in the context of a monetary union. This thesis consists of four theoretical models of the banking crisis, with the first framework depicting the financial crisis which burst in 2008 in small European economies outside the EMU and the next three models elucidating the crisis situation in the Eurozone from early 2009 until August 2012
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Rebstock, Remington James. "Euro-zone debt crisis." Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/16900.

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Master of Arts
Department of Economics
Lloyd B. Thomas Jr
The European sovereign debt crisis has had a profound impact on the rest of the world. The “debt crisis” refers to the rapid accumulation of debt within some struggling euro-zone countries. This debt accumulation has resulted in a variety of financial bailouts made to various countries within the European Union and a debt default by the country of Greece. The results of this crisis have changed the way of life for many living within the struggling economies. Division within the euro zone, on both policy and ideology, has begged the question of whether the euro will be able to survive in the long term. The purpose of this report is to investigate the buildup and evolution of this crisis, as well as to highlight various responses and proposed solutions of the future.
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Duarte, Pedro Miguel de Azeredo. "A crise do Euro e potenciais respostas económicas e institucionais." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7726.

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Mestrado em Economia Internacional e Estudos Europeus
A moeda única, à semelhança do próprio projeto europeu, nasceu de um impulso político associado à necessidade de enquadrar a Alemanha num espaço de paz e prosperidade. A atual crise do Euro reavivou divisões e temores associados à notória influência germânica. Surgem, assim, crescentes incógnitas sobre o futuro do Euro, debatendo-se cenários que vão desde a sua dissolução até ao reforço da integração política e orçamental. Mas há um ponto pouco contestado: a Alemanha desempenhará um papel decisivo na resolução do presente impasse, quando definir se a sua liderança decorre de uma «Alemanha europeísta» ou visa uma «Europa germânica».
Very much like the European project, the single currency was born from a political impulse related to the need of framing Germany in a region of peace and prosperity. The current Euro crisis aroused scissions and fears as a consequence of the clear Germanic influence. Therefore, increasing uncertainty about the future of the Euro arises, creating scenarios that range from its dissolution to the reinforcement of the political and fiscal integration. However there is a not much disputed matter: Germany will play a decisive role on the resolution of the current deadlock when it decides if its leadership stems from a «European Germany» or a «Germanic Europe».
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Kaltenstadler, Albert, and Patrick Ksiazkiewicz. "The Euro Crisis as a Contemporary Phenomenon : The Impact of Germany's Leadership in the Euro Crisis." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-12580.

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The current euro crisis is shaped by urgency and actuality. Since it affects a lot of people and different countries, it is also denoted by transboundary effects. Considering these circumstances, the call for quick crisis solution occurs. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to investigate the leadership issue during the euro crisis. Based on theoretical principles of crisis leadership, we examine the role and behavior of Germany in the euro crisis. Due to the fact that Germany is currently in a significant position, we narrow down the crisis leadership aspect to this specific view. Providing an overall and thorough picture, we investigate Germany’s leadership in the euro crisis from different perspectives. In order to achieve this purpose, we determine this issue from a political, economical and societal perception, which seem to be the most influencing factors in the case of the euro crisis. By assembling the crucial findings of these separate categories, we gain a broader perspective and hence a generalized evaluation and understanding of the German leadership style.
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Nesteruk, Vladyslav. "Post-earnings-announcement drift : evidence from the Euro Area during and after the financial crisis." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16809.

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Mestrado em Finanças
O objetivo desta dissertação é investigar a persistência da PEAD (Post-Earnings-Announcement Drift) durante os anos de crise e pós-crise. Utilizando o período de 2008 a 2017 como amostra, analisarei o impacto produzido no PEAD pela instabilidade financeira decorrente da Crise Financeira e consequente Crise da Dívida na Zona do Euro. Com base nos resultados de regressões estatísticas, concluo que o fenómeno continua a existir. No entanto, existem algumas discrepâncias na variação de magnitude se forem consideradas a Crise Financeira Global (final de 2008) ou a Crise Financeira da Zona do Euro (final de 2009) como datas de início da recessão. Os meus resultados indicam que o período de crise a partir do final de 2009 proporciona retornos muito mais elevados, que são menos explicados por qualquer um dos fatores de risco em comparação com o período de crise iniciado em Outubro de 2008. Adicionalmente, a exclusão do EPS negativo implica uma atenuação do PEAD, independentemente do início da amostra.
The aim of this dissertation is to investigate the persistence of the Post-Earnings-Announcement Drift (PEAD) over the crisis and post-crisis years. Using the period from 2008 to 2017 as a sample, I will analyze the impact produced on the PEAD by the financial instability due to Financial Crisis and consequential Debt Crisis in the Eurozone. Based on the results of statistical regressions, I conclude that the phenomenon continues to exist. However, there are some discrepancies in magnitude variation whether you consider the Global Financial Crisis (late 2008) or the Eurozone Financial Crisis (late 2009) as the starting date for the recession. My results indicate that the crisis period from late 2009 onwards provides much higher returns which are less explained by any of the risk factors compared to the crisis period starting on October 2008. Additionally, excluding negative EPS implies attenuation of PEAD regardless of the inception of the sample.
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Proroková, Olga. "Dopady světové finanční krize na českou ekonomiku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76274.

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The diploma thesis deals with the impact of the Global Financial Crisis to the Czech Economy. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the actual implications of the Global Financial Crisis to the Czech economy. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part describes the causes of crisis and the way how the crisis split from the USA to Europe and other countries. The second part deals with the impact of the financial crisis on the Czech Republic. The impact of the financial crisis to the individual areas of the Czech economy is described as well as the reaction of monetary policy and government including the fiscal impact. The third part deals with the possibility of the Czech Republic's entry to the European Monetary Union in the light of current financial crisis.
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Lodi, Sara <1990&gt. "Modern Monetary Theory, an answer to Euro crisis." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/5266.

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As the effects of the crisis became more and more evident, some nations began to show signs of economic decline and some of them started to think about abandoning Euro. Many economists argued that such a proposal was pure mad-ness, stupid and inconvenient if implemented. However, this idea increasingly began to attract attention over time. Numerous hasty and superficial analysis on the use started to flock, stimulating the spread of further opinions and publica-tions. The debate began to deepen and the contrast between the two schools of economic thought (the orthodox and the heterodox neo-classical post-Keynesian) has reinvigorated. The awareness about the seriousness of the matter, though, arose in England in 2011 when a competition with a prize of 250 thousand pounds was organized. The Wolfson prize was awarded to the best piece of aca-demic work which could provide a sensible answer to the question: “If member states leave the Economic and Monetary Union, what is the best way for the eco-nomic process to be managed to provide the soundest foundation for the future growth and prosperity of the current membership?”. The contest was won by Roger Bootle, with his “Leaving the Euro: a practical guide” which will be dis-cussed in the last chapter. This thesis analyses the global financial and economic crisis from its origins en-tailed in the excesses of Wall Street, until the imbalances in Europe, through the opinions and studies of internationally renowned economists belonging to both schools of economic thought. Particular attention has been given to the economic policies of austerity in Europe and the main macroeconomic effects that these re-strictive policies have had on the member states restrictions, especially on pe-ripheral countries. Consequently the focus will shifts to the Modern Monetary Theory as a theoretical alternative to interpret the reasons for the imbalances in the Euro area. The cen-tral aspect of this theory is the different interpretation of the deficit of the govern-ment budget on the basis of sectorial balance sheets and their mechanism of supporting the economy in the downturn. To conclude, referring to the paper that won the Wolfson prize in 2011 a potential exit strategy with a main focus on Italy is described, addressing the more relevant legal and economic issues. As for economic aspects, a comparison is performed to determine which option was the best among the potential solutions to a long period of austerity or the ordered abandonment of the Euro. Finally, several probable drawbacks are listed that should give pause to the countries in question before making such a drastic choice.
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Books on the topic "Euro crisi"

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Giuseppe, Guarino. Cittadini europei e crisi dell'euro. Napoli: Editoriale scientifica, 2014.

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Lettieri, Mattia. Crisi economica e finanziaria nel Sud dell'Eurozona. Ariccia (RM): Aracne editrice int.le S.r.l., 2015.

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Napoleoni, Loretta. Democrazia vendesi: Dalla crisi economica alla politica delle schede bianche. [Milan, Italy]: Rizzoli, 2013.

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Vico, Dario Di. Profondo Italia: [il lavoro precario, lo stress da euro, la crisi del ceto medio, lo scontro generazionale, la fatica delle donne ...]. Milano: Biblioteca universale Rizzoli, 2004.

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Arestis, Philip, and Malcolm Sawyer, eds. The Euro Crisis. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230393547.

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The Euro crisis. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.

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Euro Psychose. Neuilly-sur-Seine: Michel Lafon, 2012.

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Mather, Graham. Solving Britain's euro crisis. London: European Policy Forum, 1995.

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da Costa Cabral, Nazaré, José Renato Gonçalves, and Nuno Cunha Rodrigues, eds. The Euro and the Crisis. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45710-9.

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Lorca-Susino, María. The euro in the 21st century: Economic crisis and financial uproar. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate Pub., 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Euro crisi"

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Dullien, Sebastian, Neva Goodwin, Jonathan M. Harris, Julie A. Nelson, Brian Roach, and Mariano Torras. "The Euro Crisis." In Macroeconomics in Context, 547–73. New York, NY : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315644653-20.

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Kortendiek, Philipp, and Till van Treeck. "Teaching the euro crisis." In Advancing Pluralism in Teaching Economics, 157–70. 1 Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge advances in heterodox economics: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315177809-11.

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Gros, Daniel, and Cinzia Alcidi. "euro zone crisis 2010." In Banking Crises, 84–93. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137553799_12.

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Gros, Daniel, and Cinzia Alcidi. "Euro Zone Crisis 2010." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 3943–52. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_2983.

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Gros, Daniel, and Cinzia Alcidi. "Euro Zone Crisis 2010." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–9. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_2983-1.

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Arestis, Philip, and Malcolm Sawyer. "Can the Euro Survive after the European Crisis?" In The Euro Crisis, 1–34. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230393547_1.

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Hein, Eckhard, Achim Truger, and Till van Treeck. "The European Financial and Economic Crisis: Alternative Solutions from a (Post-)Keynesian Perspective." In The Euro Crisis, 35–78. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230393547_2.

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Monogios, Yannis A., and Panagiotis G. Korliras. "Debt Sustainability Revisited." In The Euro Crisis, 79–118. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230393547_3.

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Desli, Evangelia, and Theodore Pelagidis. "Greece’s Sudden Faltering Economy: From Boom to Bust With Special Reference to the Debt Problem." In The Euro Crisis, 119–58. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230393547_4.

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Kitromilides, Yiannis. "The Irish Tragedy." In The Euro Crisis, 159–94. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230393547_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Euro crisi"

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Magalhaes Prates, Daniela, and Matheus Montrazi. "A Crise na Área do Euro." In XXIII Congresso de Iniciação Científica da Unicamp. Campinas - SP, Brazil: Galoá, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.19146/pibic-2015-38209.

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Berthélemy, Jean-Claude, and Tommy Koh. "The Asian Crisis." In A New Agenda for Euro-Asian Cooperation. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814527583.

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Tengiz, Yusuf Ziya, Emine Şule Aydeniz, and Ali Göksenli. "Effects of Financial Risks in Turkish and Eurasian Economies on Real Economic Growth and Public Sector Borrowing: 2000-2013." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01083.

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The effects of global and economical crisis on Turkey and Eurasian countries depend strongly on countries’ dependence ratio of foreign trade, on integrations and economic structure. Real economic growth of Russian and Belarus economies is affected by Euro and US-dollar rate of exchange (RoE), Kazakhstan’s economy by Euro RoE, Turkmenistan’s by Euro exchange and interest and Turkish economy by Euro RoE and consumer price index (CPI). The effect of public borrowings ratio on gross domestic product is affected in Russian economy by Euro RoE, CPI and interests 1 and 2, in Kazakhstan economy by US dollar RoE and interest, in Belarus economy by US dollar RoE, interest and CPI, in Turkmenistan’s by Euro RoE and interest and Turkish economy by interest and CPI. Russia must regulate improving economy politics in Euro exchange, interest and CPI indicators to increase real economical growth and decrease ratio of public borrowings on gross domestic product. Kazakhstan must focus on Euro RoE, US dollar RoE, interest and CPI indicators. The same situation is valid for Belarus. Turkmenistan must give importance to Euro exchange and interests in its politics of economy. Turkey must take Euro exchange, CPI and interests into consideration. Thereby real economy growth will increase and ratio of public borrowings on gross domestic product will decrease. To decrease shocks against fragility, to develop global competition strength and decrease of foreign-source dependency, Turkey and Eurasian countries must develop new strategies and constitute and develop economy politics for global competition capacity.
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Botos, Katalin. "EU competitiveness in a changing world economy." In The European Union’s Contention in the Reshaping Global Economy. Szeged: Szegedi Tudományegyetem Gazdaságtudományi Kar, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/eucrge.2020.proc.6.

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The region as a whole is lagging behind the recovery of others in the world. The future shows a shift in global economic power, away from the established advanced economies, especially from those in Europe, towards emerging ones in Asia and elsewhere. Compared to earlier years, risks related to euro area economic conditions have increased. This influences the function and effectiveness of the banking sector as well. The global outlook has deteriorated. The top three prominent risks expected to affect the euro area banking system over the next years are: (1) economic, political, and debt sustainability challenges in the euro area, (2) business model sustainability, and (3) cybercrime and IT deficiencies. The study discusses these factors with special emphasis on banking supervision. It analyses EU bank regulation after the financial crisis and its prospects.
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Monteiro, João, and Daniela Prates. "Crise na Área do Euro e soberania monetária: uma análise crítica." In Congresso de Iniciação Científica UNICAMP. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/revpibic2720191961.

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Nedeljkovic, Milan, and Nikola Vasiljevic. "EMERGING FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKETS AND MONETARY POLICY IN EURO AREA: EVIDENCE FROM THE CRISIS." In 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.s.p.2020.11.

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We examine how emerging market (EM) foreign exchange (FX) markets respond to innovations in the monetary policy in advanced economies over the crisis period. We focus on the case of the European Central Bank (ECB) which pursued a combination of different policies during the Eurozone sovereign crisis. In a new econometric framework, we identify responses of foreign exchange markets in three EM economies (Hungary, Poland and Turkey) to different types of ECB policies. We find weak effect of the ECB’s Euro liquidity provisions on the EM foreign exchange markets. In contrast, while the ECB’s foreign exchange liquidity provisions as well as government bond interventions and policy rate changes did not impact the FX levels, they led to higher uncertainty in the FX markets. The results are indicative of the additional, uncertainty channels through which monetary policy shocks in advanced economies may affect the business cycle fluctuations in the EM economies.
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Kurtucz, Csaba. "The Lessons Learned from the Great Recession." In 7th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2021.77.

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The lessons learned from the crisis management of the 2008 Great Recession stem from significant structural differences between the two centers of the world, the United States and the eurozone. In the case of the United States, a monetary, fiscal and political union is realized, with a single economic policy, operates as a coherent unit, uniting the three ar­eas. In the case of the eurozone, we can talk about a monetary union. The crisis has highlighted the structural flaws of the eurozone because without a unified fiscal policy no effective economic policy can be achieved. The symp­toms of the euro area crisis weren’t the consequences of the global econom­ic downturn; rather the stalling of the integration process, the lack of real convergence, and the weaknesses of monetary and fiscal policy were the problems that have been brought to the fore and exacerbated by the crisis.
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Balcılar, Mehmet. "COVID-19 Recession: The Global Economy in Crisis." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c12.02467.

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In January 2020, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicted that the world economy would grow by 3.3% in 2020. However, in its latest forecasts, in April, it predicts a contraction of 3.0%, without growth prospects and with numerous risks. The World bank even forecasts a 3.6% contraction in 2020. These forecasts are already seen as overestimates. Most baseline forecast envisions the deepest global recession since World War II. This study analyzes various economics impacts of the COVID-19 on a global scale. If the global recession expected due to the effects of the coronavirus (COVID-19) would lead to a decline in growth rate of global gross domestic product (GDP) between 2.0% and 10.% in all countries in 2020, the number of unemployed people in the net food importer countries would increase between 14.4 million and 80.3 million; the biggest part of the increase would occur in low-income countries. As the pandemic has shown its most severe impact on the largest world economies, the study considers the developments in United States, Euro Area, Japan and China. The recessions in these parts of the world spreads to the other countries and one should primarily consider these regions. Next we consider the trends in global trades, financial markets, and commodity markets. In association with the four regions of the global economy and trends in global trade, financial markets and commodity markets we consider recent developments in emerging markets.
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Topcu, Mustafa Kemal, Poyraz Gürson, Halil İbrahim Ülker, and Turan Erman Erkan. "EU Debt Crisis and Contagious Effect via Transmission Mechanisms: Possible Effects on Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00641.

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The common features of the crises, which are resulted from global crisis rooted from the US and emerged in Euro Zone sequentially, are the rate of public debt and budget deficit of GNP far from reflecting Maastricht criteria. Beginning in Greece in 2009, it has been seen in Ireland, Italy, Portugal, and Spain in a recent time. Although money union is established, leaving financial policies to country’s own initiative resulted in unsolved problems. Seeking solutions with IMF led to some sustainability programs. However, expectations show that debts will not be overcome for a long period. Towards this end, it is possible for Turkey to be affected since European Union is her biggest trade partner. There is a general consensus on that trade and credit channel of transmission mechanisms would affect Turkey. Export preserves its level at 55%. Likewise, a large part of foreign debt of Turkey is to European banks. Furthermore, sustainment of the recent growth trend of Turkey requires new funds. In case European banks strengthen their capital by means of downsizing their balance sheets as a restructuring, Turkey may be in a challenging position.
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Narin, Müslüme, and Alpay Öznazik. "International Monetary System and the Emergence of Renminbi." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c08.01945.

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After the 2008 crisis International Monetary System (IMS) entered a period of change. The system under hegemony of dollar criticized in financial markets with regards to instability and lack of confidence. Whereas IMF argued that the IMS should be restructured in emerging markets, in the report of World Bank it was estimated that in the future of IMS a multipolar multiple currency system which includes Dollar, Euro and Renminbi (RMB) will improve (World Bank, 2011: xii). BRICS countries wanted diversify, especially, the Chinese reserves, but the Executive Board of IMF rejected SDR basket to be expanded until 30 November 2015. With the decision taken on this date, it took Chinese national currency RMB into SDR basket since the date of 1 October 2016. After this decision, the value of SDR has been composed of the sum of the currencies of US dollar, Euro, Chinese RMB (yuan), Japanese yen and pound sterling. Thereby, in SDR basket Chinese national currency ranked thirdly by weight. The purpose this paper is to discuss the ever-increasing importance of Chinese national currency RMB in IMS. In this direction, at first, the formation and development of SDR will be informed, then the direction of RMB towards the SDR basket will be discussed, after that, the appearance of the idea of RMB’s internationalization and the period of internationalization of RMB will be addressed. Finally, an assessment will be made about RMB’s being a means of payment and international financial asset in foreign trade.
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Reports on the topic "Euro crisi"

1

Feldstein, Martin. Ending the Euro Crisis? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w20862.

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Brunnermeier, Markus, and Ricardo Reis. A Crash Course on the Euro Crisis. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26229.

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Reis, Ricardo. The Portuguese Slump and Crash and the Euro Crisis. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19288.

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Mortágua, Mariana. The Euro at 22: economic crisis and political instability. DINÂMIA'CET-Iscte, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2021.04.

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Aizenman, Joshua, Mahir Binici, and Michael Hutchison. Credit Ratings and the Pricing of Sovereign Debt during the Euro Crisis. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19125.

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Aizenman, Joshua, Yothin Jinjarak, Minsoo Lee, and Donghyun Park. Developing countries' financial vulnerability to the euro crisis: An event study of equity and bond markets. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18028.

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Vestergaard, Jakob, and Daniela Gabor. Central Banks Caught Between Market Liquidity and Fiscal Disciplining: A Money View Perspective on Collateral Policy. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp170.

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Despite much attention to unconventional monetary policies after the financial crisis, the collateral policies of central banks are rarely discussed. And when they are, the haircuts applied to assets pledged to access central bank liquidity tend not to be analyzed. An exception to these trends is the recent work by Nyborg (2017), who argues that the collateral policies adopted by the European Central Bank (ECB) aggravated the sovereign debt crisis and put the survival of the euro at risk. Taking our point of departure in the money view literature (Mehrling 2011), we argue however that Nyborg’s critique of the ECB’s crisis response is misguided and that his proposal to deepen and reinforce the ECBs role in the fiscal disciplining of member states would be procyclical and destabilizing. Through our analysis of Nyborg’s work and the ECBs crisis response, we identify core principles for countercyclical collateral policies suitable for market-based financial systems.
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Gómez, Arantza. Interregionalismo y Acuerdos de Asociación UE - América Latina y el Caribe. Fundación Carolina, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dt54.

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Los acuerdos entre la Unión Europea (UE) y América Latina se han desarrollado desde los años noventa en etapas económicas dispares por diversos motivos. Los primeros, como el Acuerdo con Chile o el Acuerdo con México, se produjeron en circunstancias económicas de crecimiento en la UE, con una estabilidad política mundial en aumento desde el final de la Guerra Fría, y con Estados Unidos como principal competidor comercial. Sin embargo, desde finales de la década de 2000, las sucesivas crisis económicas creadas por la crisis financiera, la del euro, el ascenso del euroescepticismo, la pandemia, la vuelta al proteccionismo y la consolidación de China a escala internacional -poniendo fin a la unipolaridad hegemónica de Estados Unidos— implica que la UE necesita más que nunca desarrollar acuerdos de asociación con otras regiones y países, incluyendo a los de América Latina y el Caribe. De hecho, cabe considerar que, si la UE no es capaz de establecer acuerdos con países con valores económicos y políticos similares a los suyos, apenas tendrá posibilidades de suscribir otros con países distintos; por lo que su futuro económico podría estar en una situación delicada.
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Constantin, Sergiu. ECMI Minorities Blog. Romanians and Moldovans in Ukraine and their kin states’ engagement before and after the war – towards a triadic partnership for effective minority protection? European Centre for Minority Issues, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53779/kjkj1212.

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Ukraine recognizes Romanian and Moldovan as distinct minority languages, even though the official language of the Republic of Moldova is Romanian. This distinction between Romanian and Moldovan is not merely a symbolic matter, it has practical, negative consequences for members of the minority communities concerned. Since the 1990s, Ukrainian-Romanian relations have been affected by mutual distrust rooted in historical resentments, stereotypes, and prejudice at the level of both political elites and the general public. Moldova and Ukraine have experienced ups and downs in their bilateral relations due to the complex geopolitical context and growing Russian interference. The ongoing Russian war against Ukraine has had a strong impact on Moldova and Romania as well as on their kin minority communities in Ukraine. This war marks a turning point in history. It has caused tectonic shifts in global affairs, in the Euro-Atlantic community, and in national politics and interstate relations. Ukraine, Romania, and Moldova can turn the ongoing crisis into an opportunity to reset their (dysfunctional) bilateral relations. It is high time for a paradigm shift towards a new, enhanced triadic partnership which is able to ensure an effective system of minority protection.
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