Journal articles on the topic 'Eurasian'
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1
Shabaga, Andrei V. "Eurasian Structuralism." Vestnik RUDN. International Relations 22, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2022-22-1-43-59.
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The article examines the socio-political consequences of the structural-linguistic concepts of N.P. Trubetskoy and R.O. Jacobson, as well as the structural-geographical theory of P.N. Savitsky. These scientists, who were the pioneers of the structuralism of the twentieth century, were at the same time the founders of the Eurasian movement, which tried to compete with the Bolshevik doctrine in 1920-1930s. The sociolinguistic principle of linguistic unions and the morphological concept postulated by N.S. Trubetskoy became the basis for the semantic picture of the Eurasian space proposed by R.O. Jacobson, which resulted in a socio-political development construct that has not exhausted its potential so far. The morphological and phonological approaches of these two linguists were supported by the structural-geographical concept of P.N. Savitsky, who showed the prerequisites for the emergence of a Eurasian community not only at the linguistic, but also at the geographical and economic levels. Linguists pointed to the connection between language and thinking, which forms the idea of extant and due, which gave arguments for the assertion of the axiological proximity of the Eurasian peoples. Geographer P.N. Savitsky confirmed these conclusions with his research on the formation of the economic kinship of the population of Eurasia on the basis of a single space. Using these concepts, Russian structuralists created a socio-political doctrine about the special role of Eurasia, its separate path, opposite to the western direction of development. Applying certain provisions of F. de Saussure, the founders of Eurasianism created the teleological syntagma ideocracy - demotia - soviet, which determined the structure of the Eurasian socio-political space. The combination of elements of the Eurasian structure is interpreted collinearly of the triad proposed by F. de Saussure langage - langue - parole. The ideocratic system, verified by demotia, determines the activities of the soviets. It follows from this that the teleological syntagma of the Eurasianists, ideocracy - demotia - soviet, was the antithesis of the Bolshevik syntagma communism - Soviet authority - soviet. Ideocracy here is the opposition to communism, and demotia is opposition to Soviet authority. Thus, the structure of the Eurasian state was finally determined. Ideocracy was understood by the Eurasians as a political system, demotia, as a way of social control of the system, and in this case soviets were supposed to become an instrument of self-government, uniting the structure of the Eurasian state from top to bottom.
2
Weijing, D. "«Eurasia» in the Political Discourse in Russia, China and the US: a Comparative Analysis." Russian Journal of Legal Studies 4, no. 3 (September 15, 2017): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rjls18293.
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This article compares the use of «Eurasia» in the realms of diplomacy and academia in Russia, China and the US. We pay additional attention to initiatives on regional integration in the Eurasian region. Clarification of this important term is of significance for the mutual understanding of the participants under cooperation in Eurasia and the development of Eurasian integration processes. Keywords: Eurasia, post-soviet space, Russia, China, USA, eurasian integration.
3
Kefeli, I. F. "Eurasian Civilization: from an Idea to a Modern Discourse." EURASIAN INTEGRATION: economics, law, politics 14, no. 2 (July 9, 2021): 12–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2073-2929-2021-02-12-25.
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The article traces the evolution of the Eurasian idea, starting from the initial stage of its formation, in the context of comparing it with the implementation of the Soviet project in the pre-war years on the basis of the first three five-year plans for socialist construction. Attempts to formalize the theoretical status of the Eurasian civilization were formed on the basis of ideas about “Russia–Eurasia” as a cultural personality, about the Eurasian state, often comparing these constructions with the real achievements of socialist construction and confidently declaring the Eurasian world order within Russia–Eurasia in the future.
4
Gnes, Alexandre. "Eurasian Images, Archetypes and Mirages: Vectors from Ancient Times to Nowadays." Eurasian Crossroads 1, no. 2 (July 14, 2020): 020410005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55269/eurcrossrd.1.020410005.
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National and ethnic archetype that is being carved in tales, folklore, and epos for centuries, is a key to understanding imagology as a set of images and notions about a culture or nationality. In Eurasia, gradual evolution of archetypes of different peoples was overthrown by World War I, which created new peoples, new borders and new nations. In the article, on the basis of studying Magyar national archetype and its relationships with other Eurasian archetypes, mainly Germanic and Turan, we are outlining a hypothesis that a clear delineation “our own – foreign” that would defy the globalisation, is a necessary prerequisite for the sustainable and productive coexistence of Eurasian cultures and nationalities and an important condition of Eurasia’s future development.
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Lukin, Alexander. "Sino-Russian cooperation as the basis for Greater Eurasia." Human Affairs 30, no. 2 (April 28, 2020): 174–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/humaff-2020-0017.
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AbstractChina and Russia are the main driving forces of Eurasian integration. Russia is pursuing its “pivot to Asia,” while China is branching out to the West through its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The interests of Russia and China meet in Eurasia and their friendly relations have led to several cooperation projects there. The most important are linkages between the Eurasian Economic Union and Silk Road Economic Belt Initiative and the plan to create a broader Eurasian Economic Partnership or Greater Eurasia. This article studies the reasons which led the two countries to intensify their cooperation in Eurasia and the current state and prospects of that cooperation.
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Ponomarev, Evgeny R. "Motherland in the Philosophy of Eurasianism." Imagologiya i komparativistika, no. 17 (2022): 266–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/24099554/17/13.
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The article is dedicated to one of the basic ideas of the philosophic movement of Eurasianism - the idea of the Motherland. Unlike the other philosophical trends of the first wave of emigration, Eurasians were the only ones who understood the Fatherland not speculatively, but geographically. Eurasians could be called the first political scientists of the Russian philosophical tradition: they tried to predict the political situation in the abandoned Russia in order to build a new state on the ruins of Bolshevism in the future. They formed the concept of the Motherland from four components: a historically formed territory, power for possession of the territory, religion (Orthodoxy), and culture (common for the entire middle Eurasia, which was yet to be created on the basis of Russian culture). The author of the article insists on the fact that the idea of a common culture was reduced to declarations and was not developed by the participants in the movement. Besides, the theme of culture exposes some structural contradictions in the Eurasian theory (it contradicts the anti-colonial pathos of some works and looks retrograde against the background of innovative political forecasts). Eurasians’ religious themes were also poorly developed, some participants in the movement even ignored the subject. Detailed historical, economic, and national issues did not remove the general “narrowness” of the theory: the Motherland was uniquely defined only as mestorazvitie [local development] (P.N. Savitsky’s term), which created a contradiction Eurasians did not feel: in the domestic policy, in modern terms, they were globalists who insisted on the victory of the centripetal forces in the “Ocean of Eurasia”; in the foreign policy, they were anti-globalists who seriously believed that a closed (but large) economic system is more efficient than a global one. This contradiction brings us to the main semantic gap of the Eurasian theory: all the creators of this doctrine refused to understand that, for the “middle lands” of Eurasia, Russian culture and the Russian language, in one way or another, represented the language and culture of the colonialists. They simply did not see this significant problem, looking at Eurasia with Russian eyes and insisting that the Russian people in Eurasia were then “the first among equals”. In addition, the concept of mestorazvitie created a negative assessment for all who had dropped out of their own “local development”. Emigration, thus, became the periphery of the Russian and Eurasian idea, meaningless from the point of view of the processes taking place in the Motherland. For this reason, in the author’s opinion, Eurasianism was doomed to an early decline: the ideas of Eurasianism lost their vitality as soon as the emigration realized (in the late 1920s - early 1930s) that there was no way back to Russia. The author declares no conflicts of interests.
7
Bystryukov, Vladimir Yurevich. "Cultural peculiarities of Russia-Eurasia in Savitskiy’s conception." Samara Journal of Science 7, no. 2 (June 15, 2018): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201872215.
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The paper is aimed at P.N. Savitskiys evaluation of cultural peculiarities of Russia-Eurasia. As a leader of the Eurasianism, he based his works on the main idea of the movement, which is the acceptance of Eurasian civilization. The influence of the Eurasia concept was the key point to the whole concept of the Eurasianship and the views of its individual representatives. The reality of a new continent existence determined the texts of Eurasianists, made it necessary to search for the system in a variety of features, and in the system itself to see an ordering that could not be connected with anything else than with a new continent. Cultural peculiarities of Russia-Eurasia were conditioned by its geographic expansion and its political factors. P.N. Savitskiy admitted the importance of the Orthodox Church in Russia-Eurasia history. According to P.N. Savitskys mind Russia is the third great Eurasian culture. However, the essentializing of Eurasia led to certain contradictions in the views of different representatives of the movement as well as of each Eurasian. According to the scientist, the manner of the new civilization development led inevitably to the Eurasian Russian future.
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Harper, Tom. "China’s Eurasia: the Belt and Road Initiative and the Creation of a New Eurasian Power." Chinese Journal of Global Governance 5, no. 2 (October 14, 2019): 99–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23525207-12340039.
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Abstract The Belt and Road Initiative alongside the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation are the latest phase of China’s return to the Eurasian landmass after the collapse of the Soviet Union. China has reshaped Eurasia in several ways, which includes the common definition of this concept, which had largely been perceived as a chiefly Russian entity. This is rooted in Halford Mackinder’s The Geographical Pivot of History, which depicted the Eurasian landmass as a threat to Britain’s maritime hegemony with the advent of rail. While the traditional focus had been on Eurasia as the Russian empire, Mackinder also alluded to a Eurasian empire created by ‘Chinese organised by Japanese’ as a result of the latter’s development during the Meiji Restoration. While this did not come to pass, it has become an imperative to consider the notion of an Asian power in Eurasia due to China’s rise. The purpose of this paper is to argue that China is as much a Eurasian power in the vein of Mackinder’s theories as Russia is, with the BRI providing a potential opportunity to further integrate with Eurasia. In addition, the initiative is also symbolic of China’s bid to create an alternative order both in Eurasia and the wider world as part of its global role to challenge the dominance of the United States, which raises the spectre of Mackinder’s warning over a challenger emerging from the Eurasian Heartland.
9
Feng, Jiajun, Yuanzhi Zhang, Jin Yeu Tsou, and Kapo Wong. "Analyzing Variations in the Association of Eurasian Winter–Spring Snow Water Equivalent and Autumn Arctic Sea Ice." Remote Sensing 14, no. 2 (January 6, 2022): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14020243.
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Because Eurasian snow water equivalent (SWE) is a key factor affecting the climate in the Northern Hemisphere, understanding the distribution characteristics of Eurasian SWE is important. Through empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, we found that the first and second modes of Eurasian winter SWE present the distribution characteristics of an east–west dipole and north–south dipole, respectively. Moreover, the distribution of the second mode is caused by autumn Arctic sea ice, with the distribution of the north–south dipole continuing into spring. As the sea ice of the Barents–Kara Sea (BKS) decreases, a negative-phase Arctic oscillation (AO) is triggered over the Northern Hemisphere in winter, with warm and humid water vapor transported via zonal water vapor flux over the North Atlantic to southwest Eurasia, encouraging the accumulation of SWE in the southwest. With decreases in BKS sea ice, zonal water vapor transport in northern Eurasia is weakened, with meridional water vapor flux in northern Eurasia obstructing water vapor transport from the North Atlantic, discouraging the accumulation of SWE in northern Eurasia in winter while helping preserve the cold climate of the north. The distribution characteristics of Eurasian spring SWE are determined primarily by the memory effect of winter SWE. Whether analyzed through linear regression or support vector machine (SVM) methods, BKS sea ice is a good predictor of Eurasian winter SWE.
10
Makhamatov, T. M. "Objective and subjective grounds of the Eurasian Union." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 9, no. 1-6 (December 15, 2015): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-66958.
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The article identifies and analyzes the objective and subjective factors of the formation of the Eurasian Union in the post-Soviet space. Eurasian integration encompasses dialectical contradiction - development of sovereignty of young states of Eurasia by entry into the Union. The most important element in formation of the Eurasian Union is sustainable development of culture of democracy and civil society.
11
Kurylev, K., D. Malyshev, A. Khotivrishvili, and V. Shablovskii. "SCO and EAEU in the Context of Eurasian Integration." World Economy and International Relations 65, no. 2 (2021): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-2-81-88.
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The main directions of integration processes in the post-Soviet space are analyzed in the context of their significance for the countries of the region, defined in the article as Eurasia. The essential characteristic of the concepts of “Eurasianism” and “Eurasian integration” is given. Some scientific approaches to the definition of these concepts are also presented. Particular attention is paid to the two leading international structures in the Eurasia region – the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Today, the processes of implementing the ideas of Eurasianism and Eurasian integration are associated, first of all, with the development of the EAEU. But the whole picture looks inferior without taking into account the activities of the SCO. This organization aims to implement interaction between European and Asian states, and, therefore, the ideas that underlie Eurasian integration. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization claims to be actively involved in global affairs, and remains one of the most significant forces in the processes taking place in the Eurasian geopolitical space. The ideas of Eurasian integration that arose more than 100 years ago continue to be an integral part of economic and political rapprochement of the peoples of the former USSR. This process itself is not easy due to both external and internal factors. But in any case, it can be stated with confidence: the Eurasian states are trying to create integration associations in various formats, to solve issues of mutual interest with their help. And this process affects most of the states of the Eurasian continent. The future development of both individual states of Eurasia, and the entire continent as a whole, depends on results of the integration processes promoted within the framework of the EAEU and SCO. Acknowledgements. The article has been supported by a grant of the Russian Science Foundation. Project No. 19-18-00165 “Eurasian Ideology as Unifying for the EAEU and SCO Countries”.
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Vorkunova, Olga A., and Konstantin P. Kurylev. "Russian-China relations - connectivity to Eurasia transformation." RUDN Journal of Russian History 18, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 828–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8674-2019-18-4-828-844.
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The article discusses Russian-Chinese relations and their impact on the state and development prospects of such an important international region as Eurasia. The authors pay special attention to the evolution of Russian-Chinese relations in historical retrospect, to the peculiarities of forming a strategic partnership between the two leading powers of Eurasia, and to the expansion of their political and economic cooperation. The article notes that the transformation of Eurasia into a significant political force in international relations was associated with qualitative changes in the global economic and political situation, with a new content of models of rivalry and cooperation. The article comprehensively examines the historical stages of the transformation of the Eurasian center of power, the processes of its elevation and fragmentation, and the place in this of Russia and China. Particular attention is paid to the specifics of Eurasian interdependence, the strengthening of innovation factors in the content and forms of the Eurasian transformation. In the analysis of the system of the Eurasian space, the authors focus on highlighting the main trends in the political sphere, strengthening the importance of the organizational forms of relations between the European Union and China, as well as on the features of Russian-Chinese relations in the post-Ukrainian period that influenced the consolidation of the Eurasian economic complex. The article analyzes the nature and nature of the relationship between the emerging Eurasian economy and the national economies of the countries included in the Eurasian space. At the same time, the authors explore the problem of organizing global and regional security spaces and forming the structure of a complex combination of horizontal and vertical ties.
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Popova, Liana V. "Eurasian idea and cinema of Russian avant-garde." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 59 (2021): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2021-59-21-32.
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The paper traces connections of the works by Eurasian and Russian avant-garde directors Dzigа Vertov and Vsevolod Pudovkin. With this purpose it addresses сinematic creations of mentioned authors and teachings of Eurasian movement, especially by N. S. Trubetskoy. In his opinion, to analyze Russian history, one must take into account the geographical, political and economic components. He paid special attention to the geographical factor. The population of Russia-Eurasia includes various “human races”: both Slavic and Finno-Ugric peoples, as well as Turkic and Mongolian peoples. The Turan element occupies a significant part of the territory. Genghis-khan united all nomadic tribes under his sway and introduced Asian statehood in Russia. Moscow Rus form the basis of the Russian Empire after joining it former Golden Horde`s uluses. The views of N. S. Trubetskoy largely correlate with the ideas of avant-garde activists. The creations of the directors of the Russian avant-garde are also associated with the Asian theme. Eurasian ideas soaked up Soviet directors` minds and translated into culture, as well as into cinematic culture. Representatives of Russian avant-garde including D. Vetrov associated with futurists, LEF magazine and representatives of formal school, who in their turn were connected with Eurasians (R. Yakobson, for example). Eurasian teachings and avant-garde representatives` perceptions have common roots to be highlighted in Russian history. The scientific novelty of this study which involved comparative method is due to identifying similarities between them.
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Askapuli, Ayken, Miguel Vilar, Humberto Garcia-Ortiz, Maxat Zhabagin, Zhaxylyk Sabitov, Ainur Akilzhanova, Erlan Ramanculov, et al. "Kazak mitochondrial genomes provide insights into the human population history of Central Eurasia." PLOS ONE 17, no. 11 (November 29, 2022): e0277771. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277771.
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As a historical nomadic group in Central Asia, Kazaks have mainly inhabited the steppe zone from the Altay Mountains in the East to the Caspian Sea in the West. Fine scale characterization of the genetic profile and population structure of Kazaks would be invaluable for understanding their population history and modeling prehistoric human expansions across the Eurasian steppes. With this mind, we characterized the maternal lineages of 200 Kazaks from Jetisuu at mitochondrial genome level. Our results reveal that Jetisuu Kazaks have unique mtDNA haplotypes including those belonging to the basal branches of both West Eurasian (R0, H, HV) and East Eurasian (A, B, C, D) lineages. The great diversity observed in their maternal lineages may reflect pivotal geographic location of Kazaks in Eurasia and implies a complex history for this population. Comparative analyses of mitochondrial genomes of human populations in Central Eurasia reveal a common maternal genetic ancestry for Turko-Mongolian speakers and their expansion being responsible for the presence of East Eurasian maternal lineages in Central Eurasia. Our analyses further indicate maternal genetic affinity between the Sherpas from the Tibetan Plateau with the Turko-Mongolian speakers.
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Grachev, Bogdan. "Russia's Civilizational Choice: the Eurasian Alternative." Социодинамика, no. 8 (August 2022): 38–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-7144.2022.8.36899.
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The purpose of this work is an attempt to determine the role of the Eurasian factor in the civilizational choice of Russia. This scientific problem is considered by the author in two sections: philosophical-historical, involving an appeal to the ideological heritage of the Eurasians, and philosophical-political, allowing to assess the significance and prospects of the Eurasian vector as one of the key directions of Russia's foreign policy. The article defines the relevance of Eurasian integration for Russia, provides the provisions of the Eurasians that support the integration process. The prospects of Russia's Eurasian civilizational choice are examined both from a cultural and historical point of view and from the perspective of current geopolitical realities. The collapse of the Soviet Union is assessed as a natural stage of historical development necessary for liberation from the borrowed communist idea and for the formation of a pyramidal identity structure that requires the actualization of the national identity of peoples. One of the elements of this structure is a "supranational" identity, the formation of which is possible within the framework of the implementation of the Eurasian project. The consequence of the implementation of such a project may be the satisfaction of the public need for a new consolidating national idea, as well as the satisfaction of the demand for great power inherent in Eurasian psychology. In conclusion, it is concluded that the formation of the Eurasian Union is necessary from the point of view of national security in conditions of shifting the line of the civilizational fault to the borders of Russia.
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Turley, Egor Vladimirovich. "The ideas of Eurasian philosophers through the prism of Roerich's heritage." Философия и культура, no. 10 (October 2021): 56–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0757.2021.10.36566.
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This article draws parallels between the representations of the classics of Eurasianism and their contemporaries, namely N. K. Roerich, H. I. Roerich and Y. N. Roerich, on the peculiar mid-world that is formed by Russia within and around it. It is indicated that the concept of interrelation of biogeosystems with peoples and civilizations inhabiting them, defined by the Eurasian term “developmental site”, is familiar from natural-philosophic concepts of the earlier period. In the era of the development of the ideas of noospherism, it obtained natural-scientific substantiation and new interpretation not only in L. N. Gumilyov original theory of ethnogenesis, but also in representations of the Russian cosmism, which can be correlated with the scientific-philosophical, literary-artistic heritage of the Roerichs. Unlike geosophy of the Eurasians, the holistic views of Roerichs imparted a rather synthetic character to the historical science. At the same time, Y. N.Roerich distinguished geopsychology as a research instrument for cross-civilizational dialogue. One of the most remarkable episodes in implementation of the Eurasian vision by the Roerichs was their Central Asian expedition and peacekeeping activity, associated with unification of the peoples of Eurasia on the basis of broad cooperation. The article demonstrates the possibility of synthesizing Eurasian theories, spiritual-ethical teachings, and natural scientific research within the framework of integral philosophy for elaboration on the concept of sustainable development. Besides the need for international cooperation, the cultural-philosophical heritage of the Roerichs, which includes “Living Ethics or the Teaching of Life”, infeasibility of evolution of mankind detached from the planet and Cosmos also received its ontological substantiation. Such an in-depth consideration of the fate of Eurasia by the Roerichs, associated with the civilizational foundations of the crossing “Russia — Mongolia — China — India” and the leading role of Siberia in the future, allows filling the gaps in the construction of the classics of Eurasianism and utilize sociocultural potential of Eurasia to the fullest.
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Pavlenko, Pavlo. "Eurasian ideology in Ukrainian Protestantism." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 83 (September 1, 2017): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/2017.83.773.
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If Western Protestants and Neoprotestants preaching about “universal Christian brotherhood”, thus are carriers of postmodern global culture, come forward as propagandists of Westernization of the world, missionaries from countries, socalled “near abroad” uniting at different sorts Eurasian institutes, seminaries, unions, missions, services, conferences, associations orientated ion supporting links at the former Soviet Union and consequently on development of Russian empire — Russia as Eurasia, “Russia-Eurasia”.
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Sakwa, Richard. "The Future of Eurasia: In the Vice between Transatlanticism and Chinese Expansion?" Eurasian Crossroads 2, no. 2 (July 6, 2021): 020210114. http://dx.doi.org/10.55269/eurcrossrd.2.020210114.
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Eurasia that encompasses Russia and major countries of the former Soviet Union currently finds itself squeezed between Transatlantic alliance whose influence dominates in political and economic life of the UK and EU, and growing power of Asia, primarily China and a number of other emerging economies of the Asia-Pacific region. To sustain a leading world and regional role, Russia has to define its place and primary goals in Eurasian space. The article examines different scenarios of Eurasian integration, various Eurasianism concepts and possible future of Russian influence in Eurasia.
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Tsitkilov, Peter Ya. "Classical Eurasians on the civilizational identity of Russia." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies 37, no. 2 (2021): 256–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2021.206.
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Philosophical and world outlook understanding of the problem of civilizational identity of Russia acquires special relevance in connection with the preservation of the Eurasian civilizational breakdown that arose at the end of the 20th century. To prepare a new civilization project, it is important to use the theoretical legacy of prominent Russian thinkers, including the classics of Eurasianism. The purpose of the article is an objective analysis of classical Eurasianism, the comprehension of its most important provisions, taking into account the modern realities of Russian society. Using historical and philosophical methodology, critical analysis, methodology of civilizational theories, the author of the article substantiates the conclusion about the scientific significance of the Eurasian concept of civilizational identity of Russia. Its components are examined in a systematic form, such as the perception of Russia-Eurasia as a whole civilizational continent of an equal Europe, the idea of a “symphonic personality” in Eurasian culture, the idea of pan-European nationalism, the idea of establishing social justice, the provision on strengthening the religious element to strengthen the spiritual principle, etc. The article provides a critical analysis of some judgments of historical Eurasians, including their idea of absolutizing the role of the state, the theory of “potential Orthodoxy”, etc. An important conclusion of the article is the provision that Eurasianism is not a teaching hostile to the West, but a different non-Western scientific perception of the historical fate and civilizational development of Russia. Concrete examples substantiate the claim that it is necessary to distinguish fair criticism of classical Eurasianism from its simplified and largely biased assessments. The author of the article concludes that understanding the heritage of the classics of Eurasianism is necessary to develop a social project for the cultural and civilizational revival of the Russian Federation and the entire area of Northeast Eurasia.
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Grey, Lady Cecily. "Battle for Eurasia and Failure of Vladimir Putin as an Eurasian Leader." Eurasian Crossroads 1, no. 1 (May 20, 2020): 010210003. http://dx.doi.org/10.55269/eurcrossrd.1.010210003.
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Since mid-nineteenth century, Eurasian space has always been a place of political and cultural competition of several superpowers’ national meta-narratives. Now the competition continues. Reverse post-colonialism with idea of European Union guilt before former European colonies, Muslim assault on Eurasia, idea of incessant Chinese expansion, Russian idea are the major competitors in ideological tense struggle. That who wins in this struggle, will dominate Eurasia not only in cultural sense, but politically too. A special attention is given in the paper to investigating the “Russian idea,” a set of ideological stories having emerged in late nineteenth – early twentieth centuries within Eurasianism social movement. “Russian idea” has much in common with ideas of Slavophiles as it is to emphasise Russia’s dominating role in Eurasia. The ideological and political influence of Russia on Eurasia reached its apogee at the end of the nineteenth century, during the reign of Alexander III. Now in his international Eurasian politics, Vladimir Putin obviously wishes to be a successor of the last Russian emperors. However, his administration was critically defeated in its Eurasian claims, due to internal ideological insolvency of Putin’s regime in Siberia and external factors such as Chinese economic and trading Crusade on the whole of Eurasia.
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Sokolskaya, L. V. "Аcculturation of the Peoples of Eurasia: From Problem Formulation to Practical Implementation." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Political Science and Religion Studies 37 (2021): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3380.2021.37.66.
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Due to its unique geopolitical position Russia plays an important role on the Eurasian continent. This article reveals the importance of the Russian culture in the Eurasian integration processes. The aim of the study is to consider acculturation as a form of intercultural communication, in the result of which a common Eurasian socio-cultural space and a Eurasian cultural community has been formed, where cultural integrity is formed maintaining certain cultural characteristics of various societies. Based on the analysis of scientific literature and the application of problem-chronological, historical and prognostic methods of scientific knowledge, the author came to the conclusion that in response to globalization the acculturation of the peoples of Eurasia is developing fast enough and not as invasively as it happened during the period of the Russian Empire or the USSR. Today, on the territory of Eurasia, heteromorphic interstate associations are emerging, economic, political and cultural environments are being formed, which do not always coincide with geographical boundaries. As a historical phenomenon acculturation depends on specific cultural and historical realities that developed in a certain space and time continuum. Depending on the position of the society entering intercultural interaction, methods, means, and factors influencing the process of intercultural interaction, various types of acculturation are distinguished (ethnic, religious, political, legal, etc.). In conclusion, the author states that the issues concerning the features of the formation of a single Eurasian socio-cultural space and the prospects for its further development, the cultural community of the Eurasian peoples require further scientific and theoretical research.
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Outten, Stephen, Camille Li, Martin P. King, Lingling Suo, Peter Y. F. Siew, Hoffman Cheung, Richard Davy, et al. "Reconciling conflicting evidence for the cause of the observed early 21st century Eurasian cooling." Weather and Climate Dynamics 4, no. 1 (January 18, 2023): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-95-2023.
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Abstract. It is now well established that the Arctic is warming at a faster rate than the global average. This warming, which has been accompanied by a dramatic decline in sea ice, has been linked to cooling over the Eurasian subcontinent over recent decades, most dramatically during the period 1998–2012. This is a counter-intuitive impact under global warming given that land regions should warm more than ocean (and the global average). Some studies have proposed a causal teleconnection from Arctic sea-ice retreat to Eurasian wintertime cooling; other studies argue that Eurasian cooling is mainly driven by internal variability. Overall, there is an impression of strong disagreement between those holding the “ice-driven” versus “internal variability” viewpoints. Here, we offer an alternative framing showing that the sea ice and internal variability views can be compatible. Key to this is viewing Eurasian cooling through the lens of dynamics (linked primarily to internal variability with some potential contribution from sea ice; cools Eurasia) and thermodynamics (linked to sea-ice retreat; warms Eurasia). This approach, combined with recognition that there is uncertainty in the hypothesized mechanisms themselves, allows both viewpoints (and others) to co-exist and contribute to our understanding of Eurasian cooling. A simple autoregressive model shows that Eurasian cooling of this magnitude is consistent with internal variability, with some periods exhibiting stronger cooling than others, either by chance or by forced changes. Rather than posit a “yes-or-no” causal relationship between sea ice and Eurasian cooling, a more constructive way forward is to consider whether the cooling trend was more likely given the observed sea-ice loss, as well as other sources of low-frequency variability. Taken in this way both sea ice and internal variability are factors that affect the likelihood of strong regional cooling in the presence of ongoing global warming.
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Tsikhamirau, Aliaksandr V. "The Eurasian Component in the Foreign Policy of the Republic of Belarus, 1991-2021." Vestnik RUDN. International Relations 22, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2022-22-1-77-93.
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The article discloses the essence and features of the Eurasian component in the foreign policy of the Republic of Belarus. The scientific novelty of the article lies in revealing the role and place of the Eurasian component in the foreign policy strategy of the Belarusian state at two levels - the Eurasian space as a whole and individual states belonging to this space. Using the tools of neoclassical realism, linking the implementation of the foreign policy process with the state of development of the state, and the theory of foreign policy analysis, the author comes to the conclusion about the increasing importance of the Eurasian component in the foreign policy of Belarus in the second half of the 1990s and the first two decades of the 21st century. According to the author, the course for the development of cooperation between the Republic of Belarus and the Eurasian states was predetermined by its economic interests, although a certain role in its implementation was played by political guidelines of the Belarusian leadership (maintaining stability in the Belarusian state, reinforcing the thesis of the effectiveness of a multi-vector foreign policy, expanding the range of communication in the world arena). A specific feature of the Belarusian Eurasian policy was the absence of a fundamental conceptualization of actions in this direction and the prevalence of situational solutions in building relations with individual Eurasian states. Until the early 2020s, the Eurasian region was considered by the Belarusian authorities and experts mainly in functional and geographical terms, without being perceived as a distinctive civilizational association. At the current stage of development of the Belarusian state, its key partners in Eurasia are Russia, relations with which are being built within the framework of integration associations (the Union State, the EAEU, the CSTO), and China, which is promoting the Belt and Road initiative. However, conceptually, the issue of Belarus geostrategic positioning in Eurasia still needs to be finalized.
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Shabaga, Andrey V. "Eurasian Demotia: Formation of the Concept of Self-government." RUDN Journal of Public Administration 8, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8313-2021-8-4-355-364.
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The article examines one of the key concepts of the Eurasianists - demotia. Despite its theoretical significance, the concept of demotia, like many other Eurasian concepts, has not been developed in detail. Meanwhile, demotia, as a concept proposing new principles of self-government, is of special interest and still has a certain practical potential. In Russia, the introduction of the beginnings of local self-government is associated with the Great Reforms of Alexander II. However, the acquired rights were deemed insufficient. Of the constructive criticism of reforms in the sphere of self-government, the most consistent was the theory of A.I. Herzen (communal socialism). It was in it that the Eurasians saw the basis for the future organization of the Eurasian space, which received its form in the concept of demotia. The article examines the views of a number of Eurasians on demotia. According to their views, demotia is the most important principle of self-government, which implements the method of organic representation of the people at all levels of government (N.N. Alekseev); being a Eurasian demotic system - ί, it is fundamentally different from the Western democratic - ί (Ya.D. Sadovsky). They also pointed to the political homogeneity of the demotic system, which was seen as a huge advantage over the multiparty democratic system of the West (N.S. Trubetskoy). As a result of the study, it is concluded that demotia was a necessary part of the ideocracy-demotia construct, actively promoted in the works of the Eurasians, as a project to create a truly classless and harmonious society. Demotia combines the idea of the Eurasian nationality (the circle of traditional ideas of the Eurasian peoples) and the principle of direct democracy, which reconciles the idea of an ethnos as a people as a whole with its traditional ideas and specific ways of being and the idea of a demos as a political people.
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Ключников and S. Klyuchnikov. "Eurasianism, Oriental and Dialogue of Cultures: the Fate of the Historical-philosophical School." Modern Communication Studies 3, no. 3 (June 10, 2014): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/4298.
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The article is devoted to the theme transculture communications between
East and West and explores conception of the thinkers of the Eurasian
school (the first wave of emigration). The article takes the parallel of Eurasia
with domestic and wordwide Oriental studies. In addition sets out the
views of Eurasian for period of Russian history from ancient Russia before
revolution 1917.
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KARABUSHENKO, PAUL L. "PIVOTAL REGION OF EURASIA’S GEOPOLITICAL HISTORY." Caspium Securitatis: Journal of Caspian Safety & Security 1, no. 1 (2021): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21672/2713-024x-2021-1-1-035-054.
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Each geopolitical region has its own geographical strongholds, around which the format of their history, culture and politics emerges and develops. In Eurasia, such a region is the Caspian Sea region, with its adjoining territories. This region determines the "political weather" on this continent. The pivotal region of Eurasian geopolitical history contains answers to many mysteries of the political past of Europe and Asia: the ideas of the three world religions, which played a key role in the spiritual development of all mankind, originated and spread in this continent. From this region, rapid processes emerged and gained strength, which swept like bloody whirlwinds across the entire Eurasian space from Vladivostok to Lisbon. And all of them, to some extent, affected the pivotal region of Eurasia, spinning it with their events. From the Roman Empire in the West to the Japanese Empire in the East, the political history of Eurasia is a story of continuous alternation (rise and fall) of empires and the struggle of various peoples for imperial status. Two trends accompanied the genesis of empires - the desire for domination and the need for security. The Caspian region has become an intersection of these separate histories into a common history of Eurasia. This paper analyzes the impact of this region on Eurasian history.
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Diesen, Glenn. "Europe as the Western Peninsula of Greater Eurasia." Journal of Eurasian Studies 12, no. 1 (January 2021): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1879366521998240.
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Will increased economic connectivity on the Eurasian supercontinent convert Europe into the western peninsula of Greater Eurasia? US geoeconomic primacy has relied on organizing the two other major economic regions of the world, Europe and Asia, into the US-led trans-Atlantic region and Indo-Pacific region. Greater Eurasia is a geoeconomic initiative by Russia and China to integrate Europe and Asia to construct a new region. Greater Eurasia is constructed by first establishing a Russian-Chinese regional partnership that decouples from US primacy, and second to integrate Europe into the new Eurasian region. The geoeconomic architecture for region-building, much like the economics of nation-building, consists of developing connectivity and dependencies with strategic industries, transportation corridors, and financial instruments.
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Muhammad Akram Zaheer and Yasmin Roofi. "China-Russia Strategic Condominium." Central Asia 82, Summer (January 31, 2019): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.54418/ca-82.83.
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China and Russia, two major regional political actors, regard the Eurasia core as their strategic backyard. The regional ambitions of these two powers are a threat in a new era of competition or possible cooperation in the Eurasian region. China is using the economic potential of ‘One Belt, One Road’ (OBOR) in order to integrate Eurasia as its heartland, while Russia has formed the ‘European Economic Union’ (EEU) with hopes of establishing a power bloc. This article is an attempt to underscore the potential of these formations and their consequences for the geopolitics of Eurasia. The subject of this research is to elucidate the context of OBOR and EEU, the major regional projects in the region, and their consequences for the Eurasian region.
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Sassin, Wolfgang. "Eurasia: Dawning of New Dark Age? The G20 Meeting in Hamburg 2017, a Milestone on the Blind Alley towards Common Global Future." Eurasian Crossroads 1, no. 1 (February 18, 2020): 010000201. http://dx.doi.org/10.55269/eurcrossrd.1.010000201x.
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The globalisation of mankind as a moral and ethical justification for the installation of a worldwide domestication policy distracts the attention of leading Eurasian politicians from the actual fundamentals and detrimental threats of globalisation in the Eurasian space, especially if economic issues, investment programmes and lending are put in the foreground. These topics can relate to only short-term necessary regulation and control interventions without strategic perspectives of development of Eurasia. Such a narrow understanding of the situation creates a myth that the global expansion of the Western “value system” can continue in Eurasia indefinitely. This basic assumption of the modern "Enlightened" politics of Europeanisation of Eurasia is not just a utopia, a non-existent place like the ancient Greeks thought. It may create a dystopia, the worst place in the world. Will we live in such Eurasia like this?
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Bazavluk, Sergey V. "Eurasianists on the Role of Orthodoxy and the Church in the National State Development of Russia." RUDN Journal of Russian History 19, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 254–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8674-2020-19-1-254-268.
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The author analyzes the ideological views of a group of Russian migrants of the fi rst wave, known as Eurasianists, including N.S. Trubetskoy, P.N. Savitsky, N.N. Alekseeva, L.N. Karsavina and others. The author discusses fundamental elements of the classical Eurasianist program, such as the role of the Orthodox Church and the state in the life of Russia and its society, their attitude to Roman Catholic culture, and their place in dialogue with other religions. In addition, other important elements of Eurasianism noted here are the ideas of pan-Eurasian nationalism, ideocracy, the spatial borders of Russia-Eurasia, the symphonic personality, a guarantee state. These issues are associated directly with the authors of these concepts and with Eurasianism in general. The author demonstrates the continuity with the teachings of the Slavophiles and highlights the special attention that the Eurasians paid to the traditional cultures of Russia. Also noted is the interest in Eurasianism of church circles in exile in Europe. At the same time, the Eurasianists’ critical vies on the “Petersburg period” in the history of the Russian church are highlighted, which are also implicit in Eurasianism as an independent ideological and philosophical line of thought of Russian emigration in the fi rst half of the twentieth century. An attempt is made to show how, through conservative thought, Eurasians tried to form a new type of political identity. This ideological direction with an emphasis on spirituality and special institutions was considered by Eurasians as a prototype of the future statehood of Russia as opposed to the Soviet-Marxist system. In the context of the contemporary Eurasian integration (EAEU), of the current role of the Russian Orthodox Church and external political manipulations around the role of the Moscow Patriarchate, the theoretical views of the Eurasians take on a new dimension.
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Lehner, Rolf Dieter. "Auschwitz as the Symbol of Mutual Guilt before Jewish People: 75 Years After." Beacon: Journal for Studying Ideologies and Mental Dimensions 4, no. 1 (January 21, 2021): 010410261. http://dx.doi.org/10.55269/thebeacon.4.010410261.
Full textAbstract:
At the ceremony dedicated to the 75th anniversary of Auschwitz liberation held in Yad Vashem Holocaust Commemoration Centre, Jerusalem, no complete truth about the Holocaust and Israeli state necessity, based on investigation of anti-Semitic crimes, was disclosed by any of Eurasian leaders. A careful examination of the Holocaust and foundation of the Israeli state shows that not only Germany and Nazi committed high and atrocious military and civil crimes against the Jewish people. The total Eurasian attitude towards the Jews was highly negative just before, during and after World War II. Soviet Union and Great Britain contributed most to the deferral of the Israeli state foundation. If the war had lasted longer and had ended in 1947 instead of 1945, there would not have been a single Jew in Eurasia because of mutual Eurasian aggression towards the Jewish people. Now, 75 years after, it is high time we revealed the importance of the Israeli state for Eurasian Jews and demythologize Eurasian “help” to the victims of Holocaust.
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Boudewijn, Petra R. "An Enormous Interstitial Mestizo? The (Im)possibility of Eurasian Identity in Dutch Postcolonial Novels." Werkwinkel 11, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 41–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/werk-2016-0003.
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Abstract This article examines the (im)possibility of Eurasian identity in Dutch postcolonial novels by second-generation authors such as Marion Bloem and Adriaan van Dis. As a result of Indonesia’s decolonisation 300.000 Dutch nationals came from the former Dutch East Indies to the Netherlands. Among them was a large group of Eurasians, people of mixed Dutch and Indonesian descent. Many of whom had never set foot on the so-called motherland. Although Eurasians had belonged to the European community in the tropics, they were perceived as immigrants by the Dutch government and were subjected to an aggressive, far-reaching assimilation policy - fearing they would otherwise become a major social problem. Their offspring, the so-called second generation, is often assumed to struggle with their identity while growing up in a postcolonial society that did not tolerate cultural differences at the time. What constitutes a Eurasian identity, and can such identities exist after the enforced assimilation of Eurasians in the Netherlands? How do second-generation authors look upon their Eurasian background and how do they portray these assumed identity struggles in postcolonial literature? The texts in question are discussed in relation to theories of hybridity. It is argued that the widespread notion that Eurasians either fall between two stools or grow into examples of hybrid identity are not foregone conclusions.
33
Leshenyuk, Oleg. "Coordination of the Secretariats of the Eurasian Structures in the Pprocess of Extending their Powers." Eurasia. Expert, no. 2 (2021): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s271332140015790-6.
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The purpose of the article to study the ways of extension and interaction of integration organisations in Eurasia. The author describes the emerging trends and the achieved effects of integrations and their interaction, points out the necessity to improve the coordination of the activities of the secretariats of the integration associations of the region, and gives recommendations for building up integration potential via extending the powers of the secretariats of the Eurasian structures. The need to create a special coordinating and monitoring body that will coordinate between the Eurasian integration associations has been established. This structure will perform the tasks of exchanging information between the secretariats of the Eurasian integration associations, will develop and adopt the "Strategy for Coordinated Development of Integration Projects in the Eurasian Region" to forecast, plan the activities of integration organizations and regulate their relations in the long-term perspective.
34
Subetto, A. I., and V. A. Shamakhov. "Noospheric Vocation of Greater Eurasia in the XXI Century." EURASIAN INTEGRATION: economics, law, politics 14, no. 4 (January 27, 2021): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2073-2929-2020-4-17-28.
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The article reveals the theoretical position on the noospheric vocation of “Greater Eurasia” in the 21st century. Opposition to the “Big West” as a global imperialism system of the world financial capitalocracy on the part of Greater Eurasia acquires a noospheric and socialist “dimension” in the 21st century. Russia is called upon to head the Noosphere Breakthrough of humanity in the XXI century, as a Eurasian civilization, occupying an important place in the Greater Eurasia’s structure, and as the birthplace of the socialism first appearance in the world and the doctrine of the Biosphere transition into the Noosphere by V. I. Vernadsky, and as a center of stability and instability in the world. Greater Eurasia is called upon to become the “locomotive” of noospheresocialist transformations of the human existence foundations. The alternative to this is the death of mankind, which is market-capitalistic for reasons and ecological for foundations.
35
Halperin, Charles J. "“Russia Faces East: Eurasianism Reconsidered”." Russian History 43, no. 1 (March 23, 2016): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763316-04301001.
Full textAbstract:
The Eurasian movement arose among a group of Russian emigre intellectuals after the Russian Revolution of 1917. Its premise that Russia was part neither of Europe nor of Asia but a world unto itself, Eurasia, led to new ideas about Russian history, geography, economics, religion, linguistics and society. The contributors to the anthology Between Europe & Asia: The Origins, Theories and Legacies of Russian Eurasianism sometimes disagree about the relative influence of pan-European and Russian intellectual history on Eurasianism, about the significance of the Russian Revolution and exile on its emergence, about its originality, and about its influence on Neo-Eurasian thinkers, but agree that Eurasian theories remain fascinating and still repay further study.
36
Vardomskiy, L. B. "Spatial dimension of Eurasian integration." Regional nye issledovaniya 74, no. 4 (2022): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/1994-5280-2021-4-2.
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The institutions of Eurasian integration were formed on the basis of the experience of other integration associations, but taking into account the specifi of the participating countries. The article assesses the infl of spatial factors on the EAEU, which has not yet been suffi studied, although it is very noticeable. Among these factors are the sharp dominance of Russia in the EAEU, large social and economic differences at the country and regional level, the predominance of energy and its infrastructure in the interaction of the participating countries, the deep situation in Eurasia. The existing institutions are mainly aimed at ensuring freedom for mutual trade and cross-border movement of the population. This has mainly benefi the capital cities, which are the main part of mutual trade and labor migrations. At the same time, they did not stimulate the development of industrial and technological cooperation of the participating countries. The Eurasian integration does not yet contribute to the weakening of the uneven spatial development in the participating countries, which fuels skepticism about the EAEU and increases internal political instability. The recently adopted “Strategic directions for the development of the Eurasian Economic Integration until 2025” imply the adjustment of integration institutions in the direction of strengthening the elements of coordination and joint design in them. This will make it possible to reduce the negative impact of the intra-continental situation and more actively use the potential of the central position in Eurasia. The system of measures of joint economic policy presented in them creates a new platform for sustainable interaction between states, national communities and business for more effective use of the Eurasian space occupied by them.
37
IVANTSOV, A. V. "Greater Eurasian partnership: economic perspectives of integration with the EAEU." Актуальные проблемы международных отношений и глобального развития, no. 9 (December 6, 2021): 303–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2311-9470-2021-9-303-312.
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This article analyzes the current state and future prospects of integra- tion associations and formats of multilateral economic cooperation from the point of view of the implementation of the Comprehensive Eurasian Partnership initiative. The author analyzes the role of this initiative as an instrument of Russian politics and assesses its potential for strengthening international cooperation in Eurasia. In partic- ular, it analyzes the possibilities of harmonizing key projects and initiatives within the EAEU. The work examines the potential of the largest multilateral formats in Eurasia as in the economic sphere – the Comprehensive Regional Economic Partner- ship, the Belt and Road Initiative, the Eurasian Economic Union, etc. to multilateral economic projects in Eurasia as a locomotive for promoting strategic interests, as well as realizing the potential of the EAEU. It is concluded that institutional overload is observed in the economic sphere of Greater Eurasia, caused by the existence of a number of parallel developments of in- tegration initiatives and mechanisms of economic cooperation. Based on the forego- ing, the strengthening of the EAEU as the institutional core of Greater Eurasia can become the basis for the formation of a regulatory mega-space. However, the aggre- gate economic potential of the EAEU member states does not allow the Union to be the largest economic pole and a leading center for the development of multilateral in- stitutions in Greater Eurasia. It is assumed that the solution to this problem could be the development of the Comprehensive Eurasian Partnership towards the conjugation of the EAEU and RCEP – the largest format for developing rules for international economic interaction in Asia and formulating specific proposals for building a system of mutually beneficial relations between the largest players of Eurasia, in which all interested states will be involved on mutually beneficial terms to strengthen interna- tional cooperation.
38
Byrne, Judith. "“Eurasian Dictionaries” of Sir Isaac Newton: Their Importance in Understanding Cultural Unity of Eurasia." Eurasian Crossroads 2, no. 2 (January 6, 2021): 020410102. http://dx.doi.org/10.55269/eurcrossrd.2.020410102.
Full textAbstract:
Sir Isaac Newton may be considered the first pre-Eurasianist thinker. My research of his unpublished manuscripts demonstrates that he maintained the presence of cultural unity of Eurasian space. To prove it, he elaborated so-called “Eurasian dictionaries.” They are symbolic dictionaries translating meaning into symbols and vice versa. As Newton evidently showed, the symbols standing for the most important religious and political notions of people inhabiting Eurasia, were always the same, from ancient times to the Great Migration Era. In my paper written in Russian specially for the fruitful discussion with my Russian colleagues, I demonstrate the role of Sir Newton’s ideas in our correct realising the cultural unity of Eurasia.
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Khan, V. M., R. M. Vilfand, E. V. Emelina, E. S. Kaverina, I. A. Kulikova, K. A. Sumerova, and V. A. Tischenko. "Climatic features of the 2020/2021 winter season and the air temperature and precipitation outlook for the summer of 2021 over Northern Eurasia." Hydrometeorological research and forecasting 2 (June 23, 2021): 6–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37162/2618-9631-2021-2-6-19.
Full textAbstract:
Climatic features of the 2020/2021 winter season and the air temperature and precipitation outlook for the summer of 2021 over Northern Eurasia / Khan V.M., Vilfand R.M., Emelina E.V., Kaverina E.S., Kulikova I.A., Sumerova K.A., Tischenko V.A. // Hydrometeorological Research and Forecasting, 2021, no. 2 (380), pp. 6-19. The main features of the Northern Hemisphere large-scale atmospheric circulation are analyzed for the past 2020/2021 winter. The accuracy of consensus forecasts of air temperature and precipitation compiled during the work of the 19th session of the North Eurasian Climate Outlook Forum (NEACOF-19) is presented, with the skill scores of consensus forecasts for Northern Eurasia. The main features of the thermal state of the ocean and large-scale atmospheric circulation for the coming summer of 2021 are considered and analyzed. A forecast of surface air temperature and precipitation anomalies for the summer of 2021 agreed with the NEACOF-20 experts is formulated. Keywords: North Eurasian Climate Outlook Forum, North Eurasian Climate Center, consensus forecast, air temperature, precipitation, large-scale atmospheric circulation, hydrodynamic models, sea surface temperature
40
Kondratenko, O. "EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION – NEW GEOPOLITICAL PROJECTOF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 1, no. 127 (2016): 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2016.127.1.42-56.
Full textAbstract:
The essence of integration transformations taking place recently in Eurasia where the leading role belongs to Russia as a regional power. A peculiar result was the creation of the post-Soviet reintegration Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) in January 2015 This alliance is another integration project in Russia, designed to finally consolidate its influence in Eurasia, and in the long run turn into a powerful center of political and economic influence multipolar world. Create EEU were in during acceleration transformation of the world order growth in the context contradictions between the major geopolitical players. The final shift towards Ukraine’s Euro-Atlantic structures has caused a crisis in its relations with Russia, which led to the annexation of the Crimea and escalated into armed confrontation with Russia supported puppet republics of the DPR and the LPR. Support local armed conflict and the deployment of a hybrid war was the reaction of the foreign Kyiv choices that ultimately negated Ukraine’s participation in the Eurasian integration structures. Aggravation Ukrainian crisis caused cautious traditional participants Eurasian integration – Belarus and Kazakhstan, which are increasingly trying to pursue an independent geopolitical game in its relations with the EU and China, which does not enhance EEU. The cooling of relations with Russia its allies traditional, multiplied by the loss of the prospects of Ukraine to EEU significantly weakens the new Eurasian organization and makes its future uncertain.
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Vardomskiy, L. "Eurasian Integration and Great Eurasian Partnership." Russia and New States of Eurasia, no. 3 (2019): 9–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/2073-4786-2019-3-9-26.
Full text
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Ivanov, Andrey V., Irina V. Fotieva, and Irina A. Gerasimova. "Eurasianists geopolitical ideas in the cultural heritage of the Roerich family." Philosophy Journal 13, no. 4 (2020): 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2072-0726-2020-13-4-119-133.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the heritage of the Roerich family – Nikolai Konstantinovich, Elena Ivanovna, Yuri Nikolaevich, Svyatoslav Nikolaevich, and its role in the current situation of world crisis, especially for the Eurasian geopolitical space. The authors substantiate the thesis that the political and cultural views of the Roerich family matured parallel to the movement of the Eurasians and in a number of aspects specify many their ideas. The authors reveal and explore the relevance and predictability of the key principles held by the Roerich family concerning the perspectives of Russia and the areas of Eurasian cooperation. In the legacy of the Roerich family, the main features of the impending global crisis are described in a visionary way. They saw a way out of the crisis in establishing the primacy of culture over economy, the primacy of the spiritual over the material. The Roerichs warned of the dangers of a barbaric relationship with nature, robotization and decomposition of consciousness. Their warnings about the dangers of a mechanical civilization are confirmed in the work of modern analysts. According to Roerichs, the ideal of cooperation and cooperation should become the basis of relations between peoples. The Roerichs emphasized the special importance of the Russian-Mongolian and Russian-Indian ties forming a geopolitical and spiritual “middle cross” of Eurasia. The commonality of the environmental, cultural and economic problems of the two great mountain regions of the Earth is a solid foundation for future cooperation between scientists in the space of Eurasia.
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Zhao, Chao, Youping Wang, and John P. Walden. "Diachronic shifts in lithic technological transmission between the eastern Eurasian Steppe and northern China in the Late Pleistocene." PLOS ONE 17, no. 11 (November 3, 2022): e0275162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275162.
Full textAbstract:
The successful occupation of the eastern Eurasian Steppe in the Late Pleistocene improved cultural connections between western Eurasia and East Asia. We document multiple waves of lithic technological transmission between the eastern Eurasian Steppe and northern China during 50–11 cal. ka BP. These waves are apparent in the sequential appearance of three techno-complexes in northern China: (1) the Mousterian techno-complex, (2) the blade techno-complex mixed with Mousterian elements, (3) and the microlithized blade techno-complex. These lithic techno-complexes were transmitted under different paleoenvironmental conditions along different pathways through the eastern Eurasian Steppe. The Mousterian techno-complex and the blade techno-complex mixed with Mousterian elements were only dispersed in the north and west peripheries of northern China (50–33 cal. ka BP). We argue that these techno-complexes failed to penetrate into the hinterland of northern China because they were not well suited to local geographical conditions. In contrast, the microlithized blade technology which diffused from the eastern Eurasian Steppe was locally modified into a Microblade techno-complex which was highly suited to local environmental conditions, and proliferated across the hinterland of northern China (28/27-11 cal. ka BP). The subsequent spread of microblade technology over vast regions of Mongolia and Siberia indicates that the Pleistocene inhabitants of northern China not only adopted and modified technologies from their neighbors in the Eurasian Steppe, but these modified variants were subsequently transmitted back into the Eurasian Steppe. These episodes of technological transmission indicate complicated patterns of population dispersal and technological interaction across northern China and the eastern Eurasian Steppe.
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Khan, V. M. "Overview of current and expected seasonal climatic anomalies for the winter 2021/2022 with their possible impact on the economy, as estimated by the meteorological services of the CIS countries." Hydrometeorological research and forecasting 4 (December 16, 2021): 163–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37162/2618-9631-2021-4-163-176.
Full textAbstract:
Based on assessments of the meteorological services of the CIS countries, the skill scores of the consensus forecast for the territory of Northern Eurasia for the summer of 2021 are presented. The results of monitoring circulation patterns in the stratosphere and troposphere over the past summer season are discussed. Climate monitoring and seasonal forecasting results for the current situation are presented. A probabilistic consensus forecast for air temperature and precipitation is presented for the upcoming winter season 2021/2022 in Northern Eurasia. Possible consequences of the impact of the expected anomalies of meteorological parameters on the economy sectors and social life are discussed. Keywords: North Eurasian Climate Forum, North Eurasian Climate Center, consensus forecast, air temperature, precipitation, large-scale atmospheric circulation, hydrodynamic models, sea surface temperature, impacts
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Yerimpasheva, Aida T., Aida M. Myrzakhmetova, and Dina U. Alshimbayeva. "Conjugation of the Eurasian economic union and the belt road initiative: the role and place of Kazakhstan." R-Economy 8, no. 2 (2022): 172–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/recon.2022.8.2.014.
Full textAbstract:
Relevance. In mass media, the Silk Road Economic Belt and the Eurasian economic integration are considered as the driving forces behind Eurasia’s development. Nevertheless, the processes of Eurasian integration have been impeded by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, 2020-22 have been marked by political turmoil in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) member states. Modelled on the European Union, the Eurasian Union increasingly resembles the former Soviet Union, which is a matter of concern for the member states. On the other hand, the growing democratic sentiments in the post-Soviet countries and the competition between Russia and China for influence in Eurasia make the cooperation of the EAEU and the Belt Road Initiative (BRI) more problematic. Research objective. The study examines the opportunities and challenges associated with the possible integration of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and the Belt Road Initiative. Methods and Data. In this paper, we used an exploratory research design relying on collecting secondary and primary qualitative data. Methodologically, the study is based on the approaches of positive and nominative economics. The qualitative research in the form of in-depth interviews helped us gain insight into the economic problems of the EAEU member states. We also analyzed the dynamics of each member country’s GDP and compared it with that of China for the period from 2012 to present. Results. The compatibility of national and transnational interests in the EAEU programs is one of the main issues that have to be addressed. There have been specified areas of the EAEU’s development, many of which reveal the Russian Federation’s dominating role in managing the Union. According to the experts we have interviewed, to implement its programs, the EAEU needs significant centralization of power. On the other hand, the unresolved social, economic, and political issues can become a significant obstacle to the integration. Conclusion. Despite the widespread belief that the BRI would bring significant welfare and trade benefits to its participants, the EAEU member countries and China first need to focus on implementing political reforms, which the social and economic agenda hinges upon.
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Chen, Shangfeng, Renguang Wu, Wen Chen, and Shuailei Yao. "Enhanced Linkage between Eurasian Winter and Spring Dominant Modes of Atmospheric Interannual Variability since the Early 1990s." Journal of Climate 31, no. 9 (May 2018): 3575–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0525.1.
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The present study reveals a marked enhancement in the relationship between Eurasian winter and spring atmospheric interannual variability since the early 1990s. Specifically, the dominant mode of winter Eurasian 500-hPa geopotential height anomalies, with same-sign anomalies over southern Europe and East Asia and opposite-sign anomalies over north-central Eurasia, is largely maintained to the following spring after the early 1990s, but not before the early 1990s. The maintenance of the dominant atmospheric circulation anomaly pattern after the early 1990s is associated with a triple sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly pattern in the North Atlantic that is sustained from winter to the subsequent spring. This triple SST anomaly pattern triggers an atmospheric wave train over the North Atlantic through Eurasia during winter through spring. Atmospheric model experiments verify the role of the triple SST anomaly in maintaining the Eurasian atmospheric circulation anomalies. By contrast, before the early 1990s, marked SST anomalies related to the winter dominant mode only occur in the tropical North Atlantic during winter and they disappear during the following spring. The triple SST anomaly pattern after the early 1990s forms in response to a meridional atmospheric dipole over the North Atlantic induced by a La Niña–like cooling over tropical Pacific, and its maintenance into the following spring may be via a positive air–sea interaction process over the North Atlantic. Results of this analysis suggest a potential source for the seasonal prediction of the Eurasian spring climate.
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Kánainé Sipos, Dóra, Katalin Csenki-Bakos, Ágnes Ősz, Zoltán Bokor, László Kotrik, Daniel Żarski, István Ittzés, Béla Urbányi, and Balázs Kovács. "Twelve new microsatellite loci of Eurasian perch Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758." Biologia Futura 72, no. 3 (May 24, 2021): 385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42977-021-00087-z.
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AbstractThe Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758) is native to almost entire Eurasia. For over the last two decades, this species became an important candidate for intensive freshwater aquaculture due to its high consumer’s acceptance and overall market value. Hence, the intensive production of Eurasian perch has increased considerably allowing effective domestication; there is still a need for the development of effective selective breeding programmes allowing its further expansion. This process, in turn, can be significantly facilitated by molecular genetics. The genetic information of Eurasian perch and its populations is limited. Up to date information of regarding genetic diversity of many populations is still missing, including microsatellites for Eurasian perch, which could be useful during the selective breeding programmes allowing parental assignment and/or to follow heritability of desired traits. In this study, we have developed and characterized new polymorphic microsatellites. Subsequently, those 12 markers have been used further to compare two Hungarian and one Polish Eurasian perch populations. The Hungarian stocks had high genetic similarity (with low diversity), as we assumed, while the Polish population differed significantly. All populations deviated significantly from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and heterozygote deficiency was detected in all, showing the presence of an anthropogenic effect.
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Siraj, Uzma, Najam Us Saqib, and Manzoor Ahmad Naazer. "Eurasian Integration and China’s BRI: Opportunities and Challenges." Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) 3, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/3.1.9.
Full textAbstract:
The idea of Eurasian integration has come up as a strategic goal of major powers in recent years. Russia’s Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and the European Union’s (EU) Eastern Partnership Program (EPP) with the objective of expanding a sphere of influence and China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) to create economic integration through transportation infrastructure and trade are three major strategies for this purpose. This study highlights that China’s growing presence in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) is a clear indicator of its growing influence. Therefore, the article aims to appraise China’s rise in Eastern Europe through its BRI and Eurasian integration strategy. Secondly, it presents a comparative analysis of multiple Eurasian integration strategies. Through a prism of “New Regionalism Theory,” this study delves into exploring the factors behind China’s effort to create regional integration in the whole Eurasia. The findings of the study show that the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a unique idea in the sense that it aims at not only the integration of geographically adjacent regions but also creating physical connections in faraway regions. This convergence will not only bring more financial opportunities for the regional states but also manifest a great probability for China’s emergence as the greatest Eurasian power.
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Zemánek, Ladislav. "Belt & Road initiative and Russia: From mistrust towards cooperation." Human Affairs 30, no. 2 (April 28, 2020): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/humaff-2020-0019.
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AbstractThe aim of this article is to analyse relations between China and Russia over the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in the context of deepening Sino-Russian relations and the general rise of Eurasia. China and Russia are pivotal non-Western Eurasian powers in political, economic and military terms and the key motors of Eurasian multi-faceted integration. Both countries pursue their own interests and present their own projects and initiatives. Nevertheless, over the last few years, Sino-Russian cooperation has become strategic and is starting to pursue a new model of globalisation and international order. In the article, I refer to this approach as the “New Eurasian Paradigm” (NEP). I follow Axel Honneth’s Hegelian-based theory of threefold-level recognition Hrubec (2011, p. 267). which I extend and employ at the interstate level to interpret the behaviour of China and Russia and their integration projects in terms of a struggle for political recognition as full, equal members of the global community determining global processes. Both countries thus aim to reform the global order and boost the integration of Eurasia in order to achieve successful development. These common interests are the main reasons behind their mutual strategic collaboration.
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Huang, Jinlong, and Wenshou Tian. "Eurasian Cold Air Outbreaks under Different Arctic Stratospheric Polar Vortex Strengths." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 76, no. 5 (May 1, 2019): 1245–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-18-0285.1.
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Abstract This study analyzes the differences and similarities of Eurasian cold air outbreaks (CAOs) under the weak (CAOW), strong (CAOS), and neutral (CAON) stratospheric polar vortex states and examines the potential links between the polar vortex and Eurasian CAOs. The results indicate that the colder surface air temperature (SAT) over Europe in the earlier stages of CAOW events is likely because the amplitude of the preexisting negative North Atlantic Oscillation pattern is larger in CAOW events than in CAON and CAOS events. Marked by the considerably negative stratospheric Arctic Oscillation signals entering the troposphere, the SAT at midlatitudes over eastern Eurasia in CAOW events is colder than in CAON events. A larger diabatic heating rate related to a positive sensible heat flux anomaly in CAOW events likely offsets, to some degree, the cooling effect caused by the stronger cold advection and makes the differences in area-averaged SAT anomalies over northern Eurasia between the CAOW and CAON events look insignificant in most stages. Massive anomalous waves from the low-latitude western Pacific merge over northeastern Eurasia, then weaken the westerly wind over this region to create favorable conditions for southward advection of cold air masses in the earlier stages of all three types of CAOs. This study further analyzes the interannual relationship between the stratospheric polar vortex strength and the intensity of Eurasian CAOs and finds that climate models participating in phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) relative to the reanalysis dataset tend to underestimate the correlation between them. The relationship between them is strengthening under representative concentration pathway 4.5 (RCP4.5) and 8.5 (RCP8.5) scenarios over the period 2006–60. In addition, the intensity of Eurasian CAOs exhibits a decreasing trend in the past and in the future.