Academic literature on the topic 'Eudocima phalonia'

We evaluate species, species group, and generic concepts for Ophiderini and Phyllodini (Lepidoptera: Calpinae) with a cladistic analysis of COI 5’ mitochondrial DNA sequences. Species recognized by current taxonomy formed monophyletic clades with three exceptions: Eudocima phalonia (L.), E. cocalus (Cramer) and E. hypermnestra (Cramer). Eudocima phalonia formed two allopatric clades, an African clade sister to E. lequeuxi Brou & Zilli, and another clade sister to E. euryzona (Hampson). Each of these four clades comprises a separate taxon diagnosable by unique combinations of discrete genitalic characters, and the African clade previously lumped under E. phalonia is described herein as E. afrikana sp. n. Eudocima cocalus and E. hypermnestra phenotypes overlap in COI 5’ haplotypes. Eleven Eudocima species groups delimited from morphology are independently supported as monophyletic with the molecular analysis. Unique combinations of COI 5’ characters diagnosing species and species groups are provided. Eudocima is largely supported as monophyletic, except E. formosa is excluded from the Eudocima clade, and Graphigona regina, Tetrisia florigera, and Ferenta stolliana are embedded within it. Structural morphology of E. formosa also suggests it does not belong in Eudocima. Adult images are shown for most species of Ophiderini, including many DNA sequence vouchers, and their diagnoses and general distributions are provided.

When referring to fruit-piercing moths, the genus Eudocima, and more specifically Eudocima phalonia (Linneaus), is cited as a worldwide crop pest. Damages associated with this pest are substantial on more than 100 fruit species, wherever it is encountered. In New Caledonia, the once occasional pest has become a serious threat to the current fruit arboriculture. Particularly devastating during outbreak periods, it has become an urgent need to find a suitable solution able to support farmers in the ecological transition of our agricultural models. This review proposes a synthesis of the existing data and publications on E. phalonia, worldwide and especially in New Caledonia, with recent observations. The assessment of this knowledge and the dynamics of the species in the territory of New Caledonia provide key information for a better prospect of adapted solutions.

Survey to assess moth diversity was carried out in Sariska Tiger Reserve of Rajasthan in 2019 from June to November. Total 16 species were recorded under 15 genera, belonging to 5 families for the first time from Sariska Tiger Reserve. Of these, 12 species viz. Eudocima materna Linnaeus, 1767; Eudocima phalonia Linnaeus, 1763; Dysgonia stuposa (Fabricius, 1794); Euproctis divisia Walker, 1855; Achaea janata Linnaeus, 1758; Acherontia styx Westwood, 1847; Daphnis nerii Linnaeus, 1758; Hippotion rosetta (Swinhoe, 1892); Agrius convolvuli Linnaeus, 1758; Nephele hespera Fabricius, 1775; Theretra oldenlandiae (Fabricius, 1775); Caligula lindia Moore, 1865 were first time reports from the state. Moth species were collected with the help of a light sheet system operated every night from 9:00 pm to 2:00 am. Ethyl acetate fumes were used to kill collected speciemens and processed as per standard strategies in Lepidopterology. The identification of moths was carried out with the help of identification keys, standard reference keys. Family Erebidae and Sphingidae are represented by six species each, followed by Saturniidae represented by two species, Noctuidae and Crambidae represented by one species each. This study will improve our understanding of Sariska’s biodiversity and be used to develop strategies for the conservation of moth diversity.

AbstractThis paper describes the current state of pests and diseases of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) and their management in Vietnam. Longan is the third most cultivated fruit crop and second major fruit crop exported from Vietnam. Brief descriptions of arthropod pests Eriophyes dimocarpi Kuang (Acari: Eriophyidae), Conogethes punctiferalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), Conopomorpha litchiella Bradley (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), Tessaratoma papillosa Drury (Hemiptera: Tessaratomidae), Eudocima phalonia L. comb. (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephretidae), Planococcus lilacinus Cockerell (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), Drepanococcus chiton Green (Hemiptera: Coccidae), and Cornegenapsylla sinica Yang & Li (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) and fungal diseases Phytophthora palmivora Butler (Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae), Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. (Incertaesedis: Glomerellaceae), and Ceratocystis fimbriata Ellis & Halsted (Microascales: Ceratocystidaceae) affecting longan are given. The longan witches’ broom syndrome is a major factor causing 50–86% annual crop loss in Vietnam and it has been considered the primary constraint in production. The causative agent of this syndrome has been identified as the eriophyid mite E. dimocarpi. Deployment of Integrated Pest Management strategies for longan production in Vietnam is outlined.

Dans le contexte actuel de la transition agroécologique, il convient de proposer des solutions innovantes de biocontrôle contre les insectes ravageurs économiques agricoles. Certaines espèces comme Eudocima phalonia Linné, un papillon piqueur de fruit autrefois considéré comme un ravageur occasionnel en Nouvelle-Calédonie est devenu, ces dernières années, un ravageur économique important et récurrent. Les méthodes actuellement disponibles sont inadaptées ou financièrement hors de portée de certains agriculteurs (comme pour les filets) et fait particulièrement défau pendant les épisodes de pullulation. Bien que l’utilisation de filet soit actuellement recommandée, ils ne permettent qu’un contrôle ponctuel et non durabl de cette espèce. Parmi les solutions de demain, l’identification de molécules odorantes telles que les kairomones qui déclenchent un comportement d’attraction chez un insecte cible, donne la perspective d’utiliser ces molécules en tant que pièges olfactifs. C’est le principe de l’Écologie Chimique. Après avoir réalisé un état de l’art complet d’E. phalonia (ainsi que le cortège secondaire qui l’accompagne), une méthode d’élevage a été mise au point pour s’affranchir de la saisonnalité de l’espèce et pour actualiser la biologie du ravageur. Il a aussi permis d’évaluer la réponse antennaire et le comportement du papillon en laboratoire en fonction de plusieurs odeurs : (i) l’odeur capturée in situ pour neuf fruits, (ii) l’odeur de cinquante composé olfactifs testés individuellement selon deux concentrations et (iii) l’odeur de 84 formulations comprenant plusieurs de ces composés. Les résultats ont amené à sélectionner cinq solutions olfactives élaborées en laboratoire pour des tests en condition semi-contrôlées et en plein champ. Une solution « olfacticide » laisse apparaître des perspectives d’utilisation pour la mise en place d’une stratégie de lutte pour laquelle ces travaux doivent être poursuivi et approfondis
In the current context of the agro-ecological transition, innovative biocontrol solutions against agricultural economic insect pests should be proposed. Some species such as Eudocima phalonia Linnaeus, a fruit piercing moth considered an occasional pest in New Caledonia, has become, in th last decades, a currently important and recurrent economic pest. Available methods are inadequate or financially out of reach of some farmers (such as nets) and are particularly lacking during outbreaks. Although the use of nets is currently recommended but they only allow for timely and unsustainable control of this species. Among the future solutions, the identification of odorous molecules such as kairomones that trigger an attractive behavior in a target insect, gives the prospect of using these molecules as olfactory trap. This is the principle of Chemical Ecology. After a complete review of the pe status of E. phalonia (as well as the secondary moths), a rearing method was developed in order to avoid the seasonality of the species and to update the biology of the pest. Then, the antennal response and the moth behaviour were both evaluated in the laboratory and based on several odours: (i) the odou captured in situ for nine fruits, (ii) the odour of fifty olfactory compounds individually tested at two concentrations, and (iii) the odour of 84 formulation consisting of several compounds. The results led to the selection of five olfactory solutions developed in the laboratory for tests in semi-controlled conditions and in open fields. One “olfacticide” solution allows a possible use to implement a biocontrol strategy, but the results need to be examined mor deeply