Dissertations / Theses: 'Eucalyptus camaldulensis'

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Misbahuzzaman, Khaled. "Mycorrhizal associations of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15403.

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The species Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. is of great importance in Mediterranean, sub-tropical and tropical countries for the production of domestic products, such as poles, posts timber and fuelwood. Some members of the genus Eucalyptus are reported to form both arbuscular- (AM) and ecto-mycorrhizas (EM). The main objectives of this study were to look at the host-symbiont interactions between E. Camaldulensis and AM and EM fungi, and interactions between the two mycorrhizal types. The initial aim of the project was to determine suitable experimental conditions for the formation of both types of mycorrhizas on E. camaldulensis seedlings. Two experiments, the first with AM fungi and the second with EM fungi, were set up successively using vermiculite-peat (VP) and sand-perlite (SP) as growth media, and 10 mg 1^-1 and 30 mg l^-1 phosphorus (P) Ingestad's nutrient solution in each case. Glomus intraradices Schenck and Smith. isolate UT 143-2 and Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker and Crouch isolate PTE were used as the test AM and EM fungus respectively. Results showed that both AM and EM colonisation were very low (1-6%) but even so AM inoculation had a significantly depressive growth effect on seedlings of E. camaldulensis. In both experiments VP was found to be the best medium for both the growth of seedlings and the formation of mycorrhizas. A subsequent experiment using one nutrient concentration (5 mg 1^-1 P) and three AM and six EM isolates with VP as the growth medium resulted in colonisation of up to 20% by two AM fungi (Glomus clarum Nicolson and Schenck. isolate BR148-1 and Gigaspora rosea Nicholson and Schenck isolate FL105-5) but none of the EM fungi used in that experiment formed any mycorrhizas. The fourth experiment using three AM inocula (including two from the previous experiment and one from a trap culture of Bangladeshi soil) and four nutrient regimes (Ingestad's 2.5,5.0,10 and 20 mg 1^-1P) resulted in 30-50% colonisation; most colonisation was by G clarum BR148-1 and was greater at 10 mg 1^-1P (>50%). AM colonisation again resulted in a negative growth response of E. camaldulensis seedlings. In a similar experiment using five isolates of P. tinctorius, only isolate K55 resulted in colonisation >15% most of which occurred at 2.5 mg 1^-1 (>25%) while the other isolates resulted in <1% colonisation.

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Moura, V. P. G. "Provenance variation of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. in Brazil." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371566.

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Smit, Norman Hein. "Weathering behaviour of Colorado (Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Eucalyptus tereticornis) and Balau (Shorea spp.)." Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4202.

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Thesis (MScFor (Forest and Wood Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Balau, a group consisting of 21 Shorea species, is widely used for outdoor application. In South Africa, Balau is one of the most popular materials used for decking. Due to the increasing scarcity of Balau, it is of economic importance to investigate the possibility of a substitute timber for decking material. One possible timber could be Colorado, a mixture containing one or more of the following: Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus tereticornis and their hybrids. These two species and their hybrids are extensively cultivated in countries such as Australia, India and parts of South America because of their short rotation period and easy adaptability to a wide variety of soil and climatic factors. The timber was initially utilized as raw material for the pulp and paper industry but is now gaining importance in structural uses like furniture, flooring and decking. The aim of this exploratory study was to investigate relevant material properties and to examine the natural and accelerated weathering behaviour of Colorado and Balau to predict Colorado’s suitability as decking material. It was found that Colorado had smaller vessel lumina, fewer vessels/m2 and smaller rays than Balau and had a higher density than Balau. Although both timbers had a relatively low FSP, Colorado’s FSP was 2.3 percentage points higher than Balau’s. The swelling coefficients (radial and tangential) of Colorado were slightly higher than Balau’s but Colorado’s lower swelling anisotropy can result in a lower tendency to twist in service. Colorado had a higher water soluble extractive content than Balau, which can lead to the rapid initial colour changes when the timber is exposed uncoated. The weathering performance of Colorado and Balau was investigated by exposing samples in a QUV accelerated weathering apparatus and to natural weathering at an inland and a marine location. During weathering Colorado showed a slightly higher colour change ( E*) than Balau. Balau showed a higher increase in roughness (Rz), surface checking and check formation than Colorado. Colorado showed slightly more cup than Balau, however, Balau showed much larger amounts of twisting than Colorado. No statistically significant differences were found between the hydrophobicity of the two timbers. A coating was effective in increasing the initial hydrophobicity of samples and could maintain a relatively hydrophobic surface during weathering. No statistically significant differences were found in the effect of sample cut on timber species surface wettability. Although only long term exposure studies and using substantially more samples can confirm its weathering performance, the results of this exploratory weathering study indicated that Colorado can successfully be used as a substitute decking material for Balau.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Balau, ‘n houtsoort wat ongeveer 21 Shorea-spesies verteenwoordig, word wyd in buitenshuise aanwendings benut. In Suid-Afrika is Balau een van die mees gewilde materiale wat vir dek-doeleindes gebruik word. As gevolg van die toenemende skaarsheid van Balau, is dit van ekonomiese belang om die gebruik van ‘n moontlik plaasvervangende houtsoort vir dek-materiaal te ondersoek. Colorado, ‘n mengsel van een of meer van die volgende: Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus tereticornis en hibriede daarvan, kan as ‘n moontlike plaasvervanger gebruik word. Hierdie twee spesies en hulle hibriede word op groot skaal in lande soos Australië, Indië en dele van Suid-Amerika gekweek vanweë hul kort rotasieperiode en goeie aanpasbaarheid by ‘n wye verskeidenheid grond- en klimaatsfaktore. Die spesies is aanvanklik as grondstof in die pulp- en papierbedryf gebruik maar word tans al hoe belangriker in strukturele aanwendings soos byv. meubels, vloer- en dek-materiaal. Die doel van hierdie verkennende studie was om relevante materiaaleienskappe te ondersoek en om die versnelde en natuurlike verweringsgedrag van Colorado en Balau vas te stel om sodoende ‘n aanduiding van die geskiktheid van Colorado as dek-materiaal te kan kry. Daar is gevind dat Colorado kleiner vat-lumina, minder vate/m2 en kleiner strale as Balau besit en dat Colorado ‘n hoër digtheid het as Balau. Alhoewel beide houtsoorte relatiewe lae veselversadigingspunte (VVP) besit, is Colorado se VVP 2.3% persentasiepunte hoër as dié van Balau. Die swellingskoëffisiente (radiaal en tangensiaal) van Colorado is effens hoër as dié van Balau, maar Colorado se laer swellingsanisotropie kan op ‘n kleiner neiging tot skeeftrek dui. Colorado het ‘n hoër wateroplosbare ekstrakstofinhoud as Balau bevat, wat tot aanvanklik vinnige kleurveranderings kan lei wanneer die hout sonder oppervlaktemiddel blootgestel word. Die verweringsgedrag van Colorado en Balau is ondersoek deur monsters aan versnelde en natuurlike verwering bloot te stel. Eersgenoemde is in ‘n QUV versnelde verweringsapparaat uitgevoer en laasgenoemde in ‘n binnelandse en ‘n mariene lokaliteit. Tydens verwering het Colorado ‘n effens hoër kleurverandering ( E*) as Balau getoon. Balau het ‘n hoër toename in rofheid (Rz), oppervlaktekrake en kraakvorming as Colorado getoon. Colorado het effens meer kromgetrek terwyl Balau meer skeefgetrek het as Colorado. Geen statisties beduidende verskille kon tussen die waterwerende eienskappe van die twee houtsoorte vasgestel word nie. ‘n Oppervlakbedekking was effektief om die aanvanklike toename in waterwerende vermoë te verhoog en gedurende verwering te kon behou. Geen statisties beduidende verskille kon tussen die invloed van snit van die monster op die oppervlaktebenatbaarheid van die houtsoorte vasgestel word nie. Alhoewel slegs langtermyn blootstellingstudies en die gebruik van beduidend veel meer monsters die verweringsgedrag kan bevestig, dui die resultate van hierdie verkennende ondersoek aan dat Colorado suksesvol as ‘n plaasvervangende dekmateriaal vir Balau gebruik kan word.

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Argent, Robert Murray. "Dendroclimatological investigation of river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnhardt)." Connect to thesis Access electronic version, 1995. http://thesis.lib.unimelb.edu.au/adt-root/public/adt-VU2001.0019/index.html.

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Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [279]-287) This thesis examines the growth ring structure of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnhardt and investigates links between ring features and the climatic conditions under which growth took place. Samples of E. camaldulensis from the Barmah Forest (near the River Murray in northern Victoria) were used in the study. E. camaldulensis growth is linked to periodic flooding, and the Barmah Forest contains sites that are frequently flooded. Wood samples were obtained from sites subject to different average flooding frequencies. Trees used in the study grew out of natural regeneration in the 1920's and 1930's and from regeneration trials in the early 1960's. Initial investigation of E. camaldulensis samples revealed ring-like features that were able to be traced on samples by eye. Microscopic investigation showed that there existed considerable variations in the properties of individual rings at different positions on the samples, and that the boundaries between rings were often indistinct. Further examination of E. camaldulensis microstructure was performed on samples from two trees that grew on sites with significantly different flooding regimes. These samples possessed features that formed rings, with rings being successfully matched between samples taken from different heights in the trees. As the complex microstructure of E. camaldulensis did not lend itself to standard dendroclimatological techniques, methods were developed to facilitate the comparison and matching of rings. These methods were also used in the successful matching of ring patterns with the output from a simple climate-based tree growth model. Two sets of E. camaldulensis samples (BS1, with 33 samples, and BS2, with 39 samples) were studied to assess the level of individual variability in ring patterns, and to provide a representative ring pattern for climate comparison. Following the development of methods for identifying samples with similar ring patterns, a subset of similar samples was selected from the BS1 set. A member of this subset was selected to provide a ring-width pattern upon which a representative pattern of ring features for BS1 was based. The rings of the BS2 samples possessed poorer ring definition than the BS1 samples and provided no new or different information. Consequently, the representative ring pattern for BS1 was used in a dendroclimatological investigation for the site. The ring pattern was matched with the output from two tree growth event models. Although rings were matched with growth events over a 27 year period, the high variability of individual ring features prevented matching of particular types of ring features with particular types of climatic events. An investigation of numerical methods for matching ring patterns with ring or growth event patterns, and for identifying samples with similar ring patterns, was performed using signal smoothing and filtering techniques and a dynamic time-warping procedure. Ring matching and identification of similar ring patterns was found to be most successful on samples where the ring patterns, expressed as continuous signals, had similar mean and amplitude values. The techniques were unsuccessful in the matching of signals of different form, such as continuous ring pattern signals and discontinuous growth event signals.

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Sesbou, Abdessadeck. "Stratégie de développement des plantations d' Eucalyptus camaldulensis au Maroc." Bordeaux 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR10596.

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Ce travail fait le point sur l'état actuel concernant les plantations d'eucalyptus camaldulensis au Maroc et propose une stratégie du développement de ces plantations. La première partie décrit l'état actuel : 1) la ressource forestière, tant du point de vue surfaces, volumes et production biologique actuels que des possibilités d'évolution ; 2) les techniques et pratiques sylvicoles utilisées dans le cas d'eucalyptus camaldulensis en les replaçant dans le contexte historique ; 3) les utilisations industrielles ou artisanales en partant de l'utilisation papetière très majoritaire jusqu'a l'intérêt mellifère non négligeable pour les plantations locales. La deuxième partie constitue un bilan exhaustif de toutes les recherches menées jusqu'ici sur eucalyptus camaldulensis tant au Maroc qu'à l'étranger. Elle comporte 3 domaines : 1) la sylviculture où sont présentés essentiellement des travaux sur l'amélioration génétique et les techniques culturales (préparation du sol, fertilisation, myccorhization, traitement en futaie ou en taillis, densités de plantations, éclaircies, despressages. . . ); 2) la valorisation du bois qui concerne les propriétés du bois intéressantes pour une utilisation papetière (densité du bois, rendement papetier, longueur des fibres, taux d'écorce) ou en bois d'oeuvre (retrait et collage, contraintes de croissance, durabilité, couleur, fibre torse et défaut du kino) ; 3) la recherche de procédés de transformation: déroulage, tranchage, composites bois-ciment,. . . Dans une troisième partie, une esquisse d'une proposition de stratégie de développement des plantations d'eucalyptus camaldulensis à partir de l'analyse et des recherches présentées dans les deux premières parties. Elle est basée sur l'amélioration génétique par voie clonale avec prise en compte de la qualité du bois en fonction des utilisations

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Milla, Moreno Estefanía Alejandra. "Efecto del déficit hídrico en algunas respuestas fisiológicas de Eucalyptus globulus Labill, Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh y Eucalyptus cladocalyx F. Muell." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2010. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/151656.

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Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Ingeniero Forestal
El agua es el principal factor limitante para el desarrollo de especies de cultivo agrícola y especies forestales. En Chile más de tres cuartos de la superficie continental corresponde a zonas áridas y semiáridas. Diversos estudios han demostrado que las especies del género Eucaliptus, poseen un amplio potencial en la tolerancia a condiciones de pluviometría limitada. Por esta razón, se evalúa el efecto de la disponibilidad de agua en algunas respuestas fisiológicas de tres especies de Eucaliptos: Eucalyptus globulus, Eucalyptus camaldulensis y Eucalyptus cladocalyx. El estudio comprende un total de 90 plantas de eucaliptos, 30 de cada especie, las cuales se disponen en un diseño factorial de cinco bloques al azar. Las plantas fueron sometidas a tres niveles de disponibilidad de agua, definidos como: sin estrés, estrés moderado y estrés severo. Las plantas se mantuvieron bajo condiciones semi-controladas en invernadero y las respuestas fueron evaluadas durante dos ciclos de desecamiento, el primero de cinco semanas y el segundo de nueve semanas. Al finalizar cada ciclo, las plantas fueron rehidratadas durante una semana.

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Souza, Thaianny Rodrigues de. "Estratégias de seleção no melhoramento genético de Eucalyptus camaldulensis em Mato Grosso." Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2015. http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/698.

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Para o sucesso de programas de melhoramento é necessário um bom material genético disponível, fatores ambientais favoráveis e métodos de seleção adequados aos objetivos do programa. Neste contexto, o presente estudo objetivou avaliar a variabilidade genética existente, bem como métodos de seleção adequados para uma população de Eucalyptus camaldulensis em teste de progênie. O Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh é uma espécie que se destaca no gênero Eucalyptus, com ampla plasticidade, adaptabilidade e usos múltiplos. O experimento está instalado no município de Santo Antônio do Leverger – MT, contendo 117 progênies, em experimento conduzido em blocos ao acaso. Os resultados obtidos através dos parâmetros genéticos indicaram herdabilidade individual e média de progênies de média magnitude para os caracteres DAP e FF e de baixa magnitude para ALTT, ALTC e SOB. indicando certo controle genético. Detectou-se variabilidade genética para os caracteres analisados na população de Eucalyptus camaldulensis, com possibilidades de ganhos genéticos na sequência do programa de melhoramento genético. A seleção entre e dentro de progênies bem como a seleção combinada, indicam a possibilidade de ganhos genéticos, no entanto a seleção individual permitiu maximizar os ganhos mediante seleção para os caracteres estudados.
For the success of enhancements programs it`s necessary a good genetic material available, favorable environmental factors and selection methods appropriate to the program objectives. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the current genetic variability as well as suitable screening methods for a population of Eucalyptus camaldulensis in progeny test. Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh is a species that stands out in the Eucalyptus genus, with extensive plasticity, adaptability and multiple use. The experiment is installed at the Santo Antônio de Leveger county in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso - containing 117 progenies, in a randomized blocks conducted experiment. The results obtained through genetic parameters indicated individual heritability and average magnitude of average progenies for DAP characters and FF and low magnitude to ALTT, ALTC and SOB. indicating some genetic control. It was detected genetic variability for the traits analyzed in the population of Eucalyptus camaldulensis with possibilities of genetic gains following the enhancement program. The selection among and within families and the combined screening, indicate the possibility of genetic gains, however individual screening allowed maximize gains for the studied characters.

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Silva, Jeane Cabral da. "Análise univariada e multivariada em progênies de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh em Mato Grosso." Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2014. http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/728.

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O Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh destaca-se entre as espécies do seu gênero, devido a sua ampla plasticidade e seus multiprodutos. O sucesso de um programa de melhoramento genético depende do germoplasma disponível, fatores ambientais e metodologias de seleção. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a variabilidade e diversidade genética de 132 progênies de Eucalyptus camaldulensis utilizando os métodos univariado e multivariado, instalados na região de Santo Antônio do Leverger – MT, localizado na Serra de São Vicente. Dessa forma, utilizaram-se metodologias para avaliar a variabilidade genética através dos parâmetros genéticos e as técnicas de agrupamentos. O trabalho foi dividido em dois capítulos. No primeiro utilizou-se análise univariada para avaliar os parâmetros genéticos e os ganhos com a seleção. Os resultados indicaram variabilidade genética para os caracteres analisados, especialmente para o caráter DAP. Os maiores ganhos genéticos foram encontrados através da seleção individual, quando comparados à seleção entre e dentro. Assim, esses resultados são importantes na sequência do programa de melhoramento da espécie na área de abrangência do estudo, no Estado de Mato Grosso. No segundo capítulo utilizou-se a análise multivariada para determinar a divergência genética entre as progênies pelo método de agrupamentos Tocher, através das distâncias de Mahalanobis e a Euclidiana. Os resultados mostraram-se eficazes para a alocação das progênies em grupos divergentes, bem como para a classificação das progênies selecionadas, facilitando as estratégias de melhoramento genético da espécie.
The Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh stands out between the species of the genus, due to the wide plasticity and their multi-products. The success of the genetic improvement program depends of the available germplasm, environmental factors and methodologies selection. The present study was estimate to evaluate the genetic variability and diversity to 132 progenies of Eucalyptus camaldulensis using analyze the univariate and multivariate methods, installed in the Santo Antônio de Leverger region - Mt, located in the Serra de São Vicente. Such a way were used methodologies to assess genetic variability through genetic parameters and a grouping techniques. The work was divided into chapters. In the first chapter were used the analysis univariate to evaluate the genetic parameters and the gains with the selection. The results indicated genetic variability for the analyzed characters in particular to DAP. The higher genetic gains were found through the individual selection when compared among the selection between and within. So, these results are important for the sequence of the improvement of the specie in the studies amount area in Mato Grosso State. In the second chapter were used the multivariate analysis for determining the genetic divergence between progenies for a groups methodologies, through the distances Mahalanobis and the Euclidiana. The results proved more effective for the progenies allocation in various groups, just as well for the select progenies classification, facilitates the strategies of the genetic improvemnet of the specie.

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Sall, Pape Ndièngou. "Étude écophysiologique de eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. En zone Sahelo-Soudanienne : L'exemple du parfob." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10010.

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L'introduction de eucalyptus camaldulensis, essence exotique à croissance rapide et transpiration intense, dans une zone marginale déficitaire en eau, comporte des risques d'épuisement des réserves hydriques du sol et de mauvaise adaptation. Après une étude du fonctionnement hydrique en vases de végétation, une étude comparée des consommations en eau par la méthode du bilan hydrique simplifié, de la plantation d'eucalyptus de la forêt naturelle à acacia et de la végétation herbacée, a permis de conclure qu'un reboisement par l'eucalyptus à but de production en zone sahelo-soudanienne, a toutes les chances d'aboutir à un échec

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Sall, Pape Ndièngou. "Etude écophysiologique de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. en zône sahelo-soudanienne l'exemple du Parfob /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376184149.

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Veenin, Teera. "Characterization of wood formation and cell wall organization in elite lines of Eucalyptus camaldulensis." Kyoto University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/144343.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・論文博士
博士(農学)
乙第11780号
論農博第2586号
新制||農||922(附属図書館)
学位論文||H18||N4108(農学部図書室)
23835
UT51-2006-C702
(主査)教授藤田稔, 教授野渕正, 教授伊東隆夫
学位規則第4条第2項該当

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George, Amy Kathryn. "Eucalypt regeneration on the Lower Murray floodplain, South Australia." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/37706.

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Vegetation along the River Murray floodplains has been shown to be in a severe state of decline. This decline is amplified by the impositions of river regulation. In South Australia, where vegetation losses have been great, regeneration is limited and may result in not only individual tree losses but also widespread population decline. This study aimed to examine the relationship between river flows and the regeneration process in populations of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Eucalyptus largiflorens. The current structure of the populations was examined to determine if a viable number of varying age-classed trees were present. Tree surveys conducted at Banrock Station determined that while densities were low for both species, E. camaldulensis had a more sustainable population structure than E. largiflorens. Growth stages for both species illustrated highly clumped distribution, which is believed to correspond with river flooding magnitudes and frequencies. To address the potential link between tree distribution and flooding within the River Murray, a hydrological analysis was conducted for Banrock Station using river flows at the South Australian border from 1900 to 2003. The amount of time growth stages for each species were inundated was found to be greatly reduced under regulated flows compared to natural flows. This has resulted in shifted localized regeneration patterns corresponding with E. camaldulensis' greater demand for inundation than E. largiflorens. Moderate magnitude flows have been most impacted by regulation, and consequently these are the very flows needed for floodplain tree population maintenance. Flowering and seed fall for E. camaldulensis and E. largiflorens were monitored at Banrock Station for 22 months to identify losses in reproductive potential resulting from tree decline. While seed viability was not affected by vigour, trees with visually reduced vigour were found to produce less fruit and had reduced seed fall, as well as a reduced rate of fruit development. Dendrochronological techniques were applied to floodplain trees. Age and size relationships could be established, implying that such techniques can be applied in South Australia to high quality sites. Growth responses within cohorts were similar and easily matched between individuals illustrating cyclic, but not necessarily seasonal correlations. This work verified the preferential selection of younger trees for dendroecological studies, and identified a relationship between on moderate flows and measurable girth expansion in both floodplain tree species.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2004.

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Ortiz, Alexander Gouveia. "Atratividade de mudas de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh, em diferentes soluções nutritivas, e de Eucalyptus spp. e Corymbia citriodora para Acromyrmex spp." Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2015. http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/703.

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Este trabalho foi desenvolvido em duas etapas: 1° etapa, avaliar a influência de diferentes nutrientes na preferência de carregamento de discos foliares obtidos de folhas de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. por Acromyrmex rugosus e Acromyrmex balzani; 2° etapa, identificar a preferência de carregamento de discos foliares obtidos de folhas de espécies de Eucalyptus spp. e Corymbia citriodora, utilizadas em reflorestamentos em Mato Grosso. Na 1° etapa foi comparado o efeito dos tratamentos nas duas espécies de Acromyrmex spp. em formigueiros localizados em área urbana e rural do município de Várzea Grande, MT, em períodos chuvoso de novembro a abril e seco de maio a outubro. Constatou-se que no período de novembro a abril, ocorreu o maior carregamento dos discos de folhas em relação aos meses de maio a outubro do mesmo ano, porém não houve diferença estatística entre os períodos. Os discos foliares provenientes do tratamento sem Fósforo foi o mais transportado pelas formigas seguido de forma decrescente pelos tratamentos sem Potássio, Cálcio, água, Nitrogênio e os tratamentos que menos contribuíram para escolha dos discos para transporte foram Magnésio, Enxofre e Completo. Ambas as espécies de Acromyrmex apresentaram as mesmas preferências de transporte de discos foliares, no entanto, A. balzani apresentou uma taxa de transporte menor que A. rugosus. Na 2° etapa do trabalho foi comparado o efeito dos tratamentos em Acromyrmex spp. utilizando formigueiros localizados em área urbana e rural do município de Várzea Grande. Os discos provenientes de folhas das mudas seminais de Eucalyptus urophylla, foram os mais transportados, seguidos pelos discos das mudas seminais do híbrido urograndis e seminais de Corymbia citriodora. Os menos transportados foram os discos x dos clones do híbrido urograndis “GG100”, seguidos dos híbridos de urograndis “H13” e “I144” e dos clones do híbrido urocan VM01.
This work was developed in two stages: 1st stage, to evaluate the influence of different nutrients on the loading preferably leaf discs obtained from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh leaves. by Acromyrmex rugosus and acromyrmex balzani; 2nd step, identifying the preference charging leaf discs obtained from leaves of Eucalyptus species spp. and Corymbia citriodora, used in reforestation in Mato Grosso. In the first step it was compared to the effect of the treatments on the two species of Acromyrmex spp. in nests located in urban and rural area of the municipality of Varzea Grande, MT, in rainy periods from November to April and dry from May to October. It was found that in the period from November to April, was the largest shipment of leaf discs compared to the months from May to October of the same year, but there was no statistical difference between the periods. The leaf disks from the treatment no phosphorus was carried by ants as followed in decreasing order by treatments without potassium, calcium, water, nitrogen and treatments that less contributed to the choice of transport for disks were Magnesium, Sulphur and Complete. Both Acromyrmex species had the same leaf discs transport preferences, however, A. Balzani showed a lower rate of transport than A. rugosus. In the 2nd stage of the work was compared the effect of treatments on Acromyrmex spp. using nests located in urban and rural area of the municipality of Várzea Grande. Discs from leaves of the seminal seedlings of Eucalyptus urophylla were the most transported and followed by the seminal seedlings of hybrid urograndis and seminal seedlings Corymbia citriodora. The discs were transported least those of the hybrid clones urograndis "GG100", followed by hybrid urograndis "H13" and "I144" and urocan vm01 hybrid clones.

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Ballinger, Andrea Alleyne. "Influence of habitat variability on macroinvertebrate biodiversity in river red gum Eucalyptus camaldulensis floodplain forest." Monash University, School of Biological Sciences, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5768.

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Silva, William de Medeiros [UNESP]. "Tamanho de parcelas experimentais e seleção simultânea de caracteres em progênies de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138078.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Para aumentar a eficiência da seleção de indivíduos superiores, o uso de delineamentos experimentais e de métodos adequados de seleção são fundamentais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a influência de dois tamanhos de parcelas experimentais e comparar os ganhos obtidos com três índices de seleção e seleção direta e indireta aplicados aos valores genotípicos individuais em testes de progênies de E. camaldulensis, para os caracteres forma de fuste, DAP e altura total das árvores. O EXP 1 e EXP 2 foram implantados em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com 133 progênies e espaçamento de 3,0 m x 1,8 m. O EXP 1 foi composto por parcelas experimentais de 5 plantas e quatro repetições e no EXP 2 utilizou-se uma planta por parcela e 20 repetições. As estimativas de componentes de variância e parâmetros genéticos foram obtidas utilizando o método REML/BLUP. Os indivíduos foram selecionados com base nos valores genéticos aditivos individuais, por meio de seleção direta e indireta dos caracteres e por meio dos índices de seleção da soma de postos, dos ganhos genéticos esperados e do somatório Z. O experimento com uma planta por parcela se mostrou mais eficiente na seleção, proporcionando ganhos superiores para caracteres de crescimento e similares para forma de fuste, sendo recomendado para testes de progênies do gênero Eucalyptus. O EXP 2 proporcionou maiores ganhos genéticos com a seleção devido à maior herdabilidade estimada. Os índices de seleção da soma de postos e do somatório Z foram os mais eficientes com ligeira superioridade do índice da soma de postos em função da maior facilidade da seleção.
In order to increase the efficiency of selection of superior individuals, the use of experimental design and appropriate selection methods are crucial. This study aimed to investigate the influence of two sizes of plots and compare the gains made with three levels of selection, direct and indirect selection applied to individual genotypic values in E. camaldulensis progeny tests for the variables stem shape, DAP and total height of the trees. The EXP 1 and EXP 2 were established in a randomized complete block design with 133 progenies and spacing of 3.0 m x 1.8 m. The EXP 1 consisted of plots of 5 plants and four replications, and EXP 2 used a plant per plot and 20 replications. Estimates of variance components and genetic parameters were obtained using the REML / BLUP method. Those individuals were selected based on individual genetic additive values, through direct and indirect selection of characters and through the selection indexes of rank, the expected genetic gains and the sum Z. The experiment with one plant per plot was more efficient in the selection, providing superior gains for growth traits and similar to stem shape, being the right one for Eucalyptus progeny tests. In EXP 2 larger genetic gains were obtained with selection due to higher estimated heritability. The selection index of the rank and the sum Z were the most effective with slight superiority index of rank, due to the greater ease of selection by this index.

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Silva, William de Medeiros. "Tamanho de parcelas experimentais e seleção simultânea de caracteres em progênies de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh /." Ilha Solteira, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138078.

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Orientador: Bruno Ettore Pavan
Resumo: Para aumentar a eficiência da seleção de indivíduos superiores, o uso de delineamentos experimentais e de métodos adequados de seleção são fundamentais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a influência de dois tamanhos de parcelas experimentais e comparar os ganhos obtidos com três índices de seleção e seleção direta e indireta aplicados aos valores genotípicos individuais em testes de progênies de E. camaldulensis, para os caracteres forma de fuste, DAP e altura total das árvores. O EXP 1 e EXP 2 foram implantados em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com 133 progênies e espaçamento de 3,0 m x 1,8 m. O EXP 1 foi composto por parcelas experimentais de 5 plantas e quatro repetições e no EXP 2 utilizou-se uma planta por parcela e 20 repetições. As estimativas de componentes de variância e parâmetros genéticos foram obtidas utilizando o método REML/BLUP. Os indivíduos foram selecionados com base nos valores genéticos aditivos individuais, por meio de seleção direta e indireta dos caracteres e por meio dos índices de seleção da soma de postos, dos ganhos genéticos esperados e do somatório Z. O experimento com uma planta por parcela se mostrou mais eficiente na seleção, proporcionando ganhos superiores para caracteres de crescimento e similares para forma de fuste, sendo recomendado para testes de progênies do gênero Eucalyptus. O EXP 2 proporcionou maiores ganhos genéticos com a seleção devido à maior herdabilidade estimada. Os índices de seleção da soma de postos e do ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: In order to increase the efficiency of selection of superior individuals, the use of experimental design and appropriate selection methods are crucial. This study aimed to investigate the influence of two sizes of plots and compare the gains made with three levels of selection, direct and indirect selection applied to individual genotypic values in E. camaldulensis progeny tests for the variables stem shape, DAP and total height of the trees. The EXP 1 and EXP 2 were established in a randomized complete block design with 133 progenies and spacing of 3.0 m x 1.8 m. The EXP 1 consisted of plots of 5 plants and four replications, and EXP 2 used a plant per plot and 20 replications. Estimates of variance components and genetic parameters were obtained using the REML / BLUP method. Those individuals were selected based on individual genetic additive values, through direct and indirect selection of characters and through the selection indexes of rank, the expected genetic gains and the sum Z. The experiment with one plant per plot was more efficient in the selection, providing superior gains for growth traits and similar to stem shape, being the right one for Eucalyptus progeny tests. In EXP 2 larger genetic gains were obtained with selection due to higher estimated heritability. The selection index of the rank and the sum Z were the most effective with slight superiority index of rank, due to the greater ease of selection by this index.
Mestre

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Oddie, Rachel Louise Annabelle. "Eucalyptus camaldulensis x globulus hybrids for saline land: Production, seedling growth and salt / waterlogging tolerance." Thesis, Oddie, Rachel Louise Annabelle (1996) Eucalyptus camaldulensis x globulus hybrids for saline land: Production, seedling growth and salt / waterlogging tolerance. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1996. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/52423/.

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The rapid development of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. plantations for the paper and pulp industry and the increasing problem of dry land salinity in the south west of Western Australia, stimulated the development of a breeding programme aimed at producing a Eucalyptus L'Herit. hybrid that combines the salt / waterlogging tolerance of selected E. camaldulensis Dehnh. clones with the high pulp quality and yield of selected E. globulus subsp. globulus families. Controlled pollination techniques were used to produce intraspecific and interspecific hybrids. Unilateral cross incompatibility was observed between the two species. When E. globulus was used as the female parent E. camaldulensis pollen tubes failed to grow the entire length of E. globulus styles. However when E. camaldulensis was used as the female parent, interspecific crosses were successful. Five E. camaldulensis salt tolerant clones and four E. globulus families (three with known pedigree) were used to produce the crosses. E. camaldulensis flowers were emasculated just before operculum shed. Stigma receptivity, assessed by seed production, peaked in E. camaldulensis three days after emasculation. This coincided with the style turning red and the stigma becoming enlarged, yellow and sticky. Reasonably high levels of seed (> 25 seeds per capsule and > 65 % capsule set) could also be produced when flowers were pollinated before or after day three (days 0 - 5). Pollen placed on green, dry stigmas (days 0-2) remained ungerminated until stigmas began to enlarge and become sticky. The timing of stigma receptivity varied between the E. camaldulensis genotypes. The number of seeds produced per capsule when E. camaldulensis was selfed was 87 % less than when the clones were outcrossed. The interspecific hybrids showed a 77 % reduction in seed set compared to outcrossed E. camaldulensis. In both cases the mechanism of the partial incompatibility was not operating in the style. Further barriers to the hybridization of E. camaldulensis and E. globulus were manifested as a high percentage of seedlings with abnormalities compared to outcrossed E. camaldulensis. The intensity of barriers to interspecific hybridization varied, with families exhibiting from 50 to 97 % abnormal progeny. Seedlings at the two leaf stage and at six to eight months old were scored for a number of morphological characters. These were cotyledon length, cotyledon width, depth of cotyledon emargination, petiole length, lamina length, lamina width at the widest point, the vertical distance between the axillary buds at the fifth node and leaf angle (angle between the main stem and the midvein of the lamina). Overall the morphology of the hybrids (assessed by these characters) tended to be intermediate between the two parents, but more like E. globulus than E. camaldulensis. A small number of seedlings produced from E. camaldulensis x globulus crosses were morphologically very similar to E. camaldulensis. Allozyme analysis was used to determine the parentage of these individuals. Of the six enzyme systems studied malate dehydrogenase (MDH, E.C. 1.1.1.37) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD, E.C. 1.1.1.44) were the most useful in identifying E. camaldulensis x globulus hybrids. The seedlings from hybrid families with similar morphology to E. camaldulensis were identified as E. camaldulensis. All other seedlings from hybrid families were clearly of hybrid origin. The possible cause of the seed contamination in the controlled crosses is discussed. Seven month old seedlings were screened for salt / waterlogging tolerance in a glasshouse trial. Seedlings were placed in tanks and flooded to the sand level in the pots with one fifth Hoagland nutrient solution number two for one week. The following and each subsequent week 50 mM NaCl was added to the tanks until the NaCl concentration reached 350 mM. This concentration was held for three weeks. E. camaldulensis had a greater salt / waterlogging tolerance than E. globulus based on survival and height growth rate. The performance of the hybrid families was intermediate between the two parental species. Genotypes with superior tolerance of saline waterlogging were micropropagated for further field trials. The potential of selected E. camaldulensis x globulus genotypes is discussed in light of the preliminary results of the breeding programme.

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Corrêa, Adriany Rodrigues. "Densidade de amostragem de dados para análise da correlação espacial da produtividade do eucalipto em função de atributos do solo." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153809.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Um dos fatores limitantes para o uso da agricultura de precisão é o número de amostras necessárias para representar espacialmente a distribuição do nutriente ou insumo aplicado de forma variada. Portanto objetivou-se com a presente pesquisa avaliar com base na análise geoestatística o número ideal de subamostras para compor uma composta que melhor determine as zonas específicas de manejo e ratificar a existência de um atributo (solo e/ou planta) que possa, espacialmente, funcionar como indicador de qualidade, isto é, caracterizar as zonas específicas de manejo, com o intuito de aumentar a produtividade do Eucalyptus camaldulensis com sete anos de idade. O estudo foi desenvolvido em 2015, na Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira – UNESP, em Selvíria (MS, Brasil), latitude 20° 20’ 31” S, longitude 51° 24’ 12” W. Para tanto, foram analisadas as correlações lineares e espaciais entre atributos do eucalipto e de um LATOSSOLO VERMELHO Distrófico, os quais foram: circunferência à altura do peito (CAP), altura da árvore (ALT), o volume médio anual de madeira com a casca (VOL), densidade do solo (DS), resistência do solo à penetração (RP), teor umidade gravimétrica (UG), porosidade total (PT), potencial hidrogeniônico (pH), matéria orgânica (MO) e estoque de carbono (EC). Foi instalada uma malha geoestatística com 120 pontos, sendo constituída de seis transeções paralelas (sentido N-S), espaçadas em 14 m, com 20 pontos amostrais cada, espaçados em 18 m, deixando uma bordadura de 10 m. Com três composições amostrais, sendo a composição amostral de um único dado (CA1), composição amostral com média de cinco dados (CA5) e composição amostral com média de dez dados (CA10). O volume da madeira pôde ser estimado por meio da cokrigagem com a resistência a penetração do solo, ratificando assim a RP como um atributo potencial para atuar como indicador de qualidade visando o aumento da produtividade da madeira. Do ponto de vista espacial a Composição Amostral com Média de Dez Dados (CA10): apresentou-se como a mais satisfatória, sendo a única capaz de caracterizar a variabilidade dos atributos do Eucalyptus camaldulensis, possibilitando criar mapas relacionando-se com o solo, podendo determinar as zonas específicas de manejo.
One of the limiting factors for the use of precision agriculture is the number of samples needed to spatially represent the distribution of the nutrient or input applied in a varied way. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the ideal number of subsamples to compose a composite that better determines the specific areas of management and ratify the existence of an attribute (soil and / or plant) that can, spatially, to function as a quality indicator, that is, to characterize the specific areas of management, in order to increase the productivity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis at seven years of age. The study was conducted in 2015, at the UNESP - São Paulo State University, in Selvíria (MS, Brazil), latitude 20 ° 20 '31 "S, longitude 51 ° 24' 12" W. In order to do so, we analyzed the linear and spatial correlations between eucalyptus attributes and a Distrofic RED LATOSOLO, which were: circumference at breast height (CBH), height of the tree (HT), mean annual volume of wood with bark (VOL), soil bulk density (SB), soil penetration to resistance (PR), gravimetrical moisture contents (GM), total porosity (TP), hydrogenation potential (pH), organic matter (OM) and carbon stock content (CS). A geostatistical mesh was installed with 120 points, consisting of six parallel transects (N-S direction), spaced at 14 m, with 20 sample points each, spaced at 18 m, leaving a 10 m border. With three sample compositions, the sample composition of a single data (CA1), sample composition with a mean of five data (CA5) and sample composition with a mean of ten data (CA10). The volume of the wood could be estimated by means of cokriging with resistance to soil penetration, thus confirming the PR as a potential attribute to act as a quality indicator aiming at increasing wood productivity. From the spatial point of view, the Composition Sampling with Average of ten data (CA10): presented the most satisfactory, being the only one able to characterize the variability of the attributes of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, making it possible to create maps relating to the soil, specific management areas.

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Alves, Patrícia Ferreira [UNESP]. "Variação genética para caracteres silviculturais e marcador molecular em uma população base de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98776.

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O Eucalyptus camaldulensis destaca-se pelo potencial de utilização de sua madeira, como também pela sua plasticidade de adaptação a diferentes condições ambientais brasileiras. Dessa forma, se utilizou duas metodologias, para avaliar uma população base de E. camaldulensis, originária da Austrália, e instalada em Selvíria-MS em abril de 1986. A primeira procurou avaliar a variação genética para os caracteres silviculturais: altura total, altura comercial, altura da primeira bifurcação, diâmetro a altura do peito e volume; como também da qualidade da madeira como a resistência à penetração e a densidade básica da madeira. Para tanto, utilizou-se um delineamento em blocos casualizados com 25 progênies, 4 repetições e 1 planta por parcela. As estimativas de componentes de variância e parâmetros genéticos foram obtidas pelo método da máxima verossimilhança restrita e melhor predição linear não viciada (REML/BLUP). Verificou-se que: i) não se detectou variação genética para os caracteres silviculturais e da qualidade da madeira; ii) o caráter mais indicado para a seleção foi à altura comercial (HC) em função dos maiores coeficientes de variação relativa ( = 0,32), herdabilidade (rCV2mhˆ = 0,28) e da acurácia ( = 0,54) encontrados; iii) a população de E. camaldulensis apresenta bom desenvolvimento silvicultural (HT = 25,36m) na região do bolsão sul-matogrossense; iv) a alta densidade básica da madeira (DBM = 0,74) desta população de E. camaldulensis indica este material para uso em serraria e energia (carvão e lenha). A segunda metodologia procurou avaliar a diversidade genética e o sistema reprodutivo desta população, por meio de marcador microssatélite. Para tanto, foram amostrados tecidos foliares em 100 árvores de uma população de E. camaldulensis localizada na Fazenda de Ensino e Pesquisa da UNESP de Ilha Solteira, situada...
The Eucalyptus camaldulensis is distinguished for the potential of use of its wood, as well as for its plasticity of adaptation the different Brazilian ambient conditions. Of this form, if it used two methodologies, to evaluate a population base of E. camaldulensis, originary of Australia, and installed in Selvíria-MS in April of 1986. The first one looked for to evaluate the genetic variation for the silvicultural traits: total height, commercial height, height of the first bifurcation, breast height diameter and volume; as well as of the wood quality as the resistance to the penetration and the wood density. The experimental design utilized was a randomized block with 25 progenies, four replications and one plant for plot was used. The genetic estimates of variance components and parameters had been gotten by the method of the restricted maximum likelihood and best linear unbiased prediction (REML/BLUP). It was verified that: i) did not detect genetic variation for the silvicultural traits and of the quality of the wood; ii) the indicated trait more for the election was to the commercial height (HC) in function of the biggest coefficients of relative variation ( = 0,32), heritability (rCV2mhˆ = 0,28) and of the accuracy ( = 0,54) found; iii) the population of E. camaldulensis presents good aarˆsilvicultural development (HT = 25,36m) in the region of the south-matogrossense; iv) the high wood density (DBM = 0,74) of this population of E. camaldulensis indicates this material for use in would saw and energy (coal and firewood). The second methodology looked for to evaluate the genetic diversity and the mating system of this population, by means of marking microsatellite. For in such a way, they had been showed leaves in 100 E. camaldulensis trees of a population located in the Farm of Education and Research of the UNESP in Selvíria-MS. It was observed that the nine evaluated locos... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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Campos, Arce Jose J. "Environmental effects on the productivity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Leucaena leucocephala and Gliricidia sepium in Central America." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253307.

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Santos, Ricardo Carvalho dos. "Análise por CG-EM do óleo essencial de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. influenciado por doses de NPK." Universidade Federal de Roraima, 2011. http://www.bdtd.ufrr.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=97.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo geral analisar por CG-EM o óleo essencial de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Denh. influenciado por doses de NPK. A pesquisa justifica-se pela necessidade de se observar a influência da adubação NPK na concentração dos constituintes químicos do óleo essencial de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Denh., já que não existem informações sobre o tema para a espécie em estudo. Coletaram-se as amostras nas primeiras horas da manhã, aproximadamente 07h30min, no campo experimental da Embrapa Roraima. Extraiuse o óleo essencial das amostras coletadas pelo processo de hidrodestilação com sistema tipo Clevenger por 4 horas no Laboratório de Produtos Naturais da Universidade Federal de Roraima. Os óleos voláteis obtidos foram acondicionados em embalagens de vidro âmbar e mantidos resfriados para posterior análise química. Com o auxílio de cromatógrafo a gás Shimadzu acoplado a um detector de espectrometria de massas quadrupolar, QP-5050a, foram realizadas análises cromatográficas, as quais forneceram informações qualitativa e quantitativa. Esses dados quantitativos foram aplicados à modelos estatísticos a fim de se obter informações da influência da adubação NPK na concentração dos constituintes químicos do óleo essencial. Com isso pode confirmar a influencia da adubação NPK, aumentando ou diminuindo, em concentrações da composição química dos grupos hidrocarbonetos monoterpênicos, monoterpenos oxigenados, hidrocarbonetos sesquiterpênicos e sesquiterpenos oxigenados, bem como os constituintes β-pineno e eucaliptol, exceto o p-cimeno, o qual não foi influenciado pelas doses de NPK. Já os constituintes químicos carvacrol, espatulenol e globulol não foram possíveis analisar a influência da adubação NPK para estes compostos químicos.
This study aimed at analyzing by GC-MS of the essential oil of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Denh. influenced by doses of NPK. The research is justified by the need to observe the influence of NPK fertilization on the concentration of chemical constituents of essential oil of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Denh., there is no information on the subject for the species under study. Samples were collected in the first hours of the morning, about 07:30 a.m. in the experimental field of Embrapa Roraima. Was extracted from the essential oil samples by hydrodistillation process with Clevenger-type system for 4 hours at the Laboratory of Natural Products, Universidade Federal de Roraima. The volatile oils obtained were packaged in amber glass bottles and kept refrigerated for later chemical analysis. With the help of Shimadzu gas chromatograph coupled to a detector quadrupole mass spectrometry, QP-5050th, chromatographic analysis was performed, which provided qualitative and quantitative information. These quantitative data were applied to statistical models in order to obtain information on the influence of NPK fertilization on the concentration of chemical constituents of essential oil. This may confirm the influence of NPK fertilization, increasing or decreasing concentrations of the chemical composition of the monoterpene hydrocarbon groups, oxygenated monoterpenes, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes as well as the constituents β-pinene and eucalyptol, except the p-cymene, the which was not influenced by the levels of NPK. Since the chemical constituents carvacrol, and espatulenol globulol not been possible to analyze the influence of NPK fertilization for these chemicals.

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Alves, Patrícia Ferreira. "Variação genética para caracteres silviculturais e marcador molecular em uma população base de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh /." Ilha Solteira : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98776.

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Orientador: Mario Luiz Teixeira de Moraes
Banca: Miguel Luiz Menezes Freitas
Banca: Ana Lilia Alzate Marin
Resumo: O Eucalyptus camaldulensis destaca-se pelo potencial de utilização de sua madeira, como também pela sua plasticidade de adaptação a diferentes condições ambientais brasileiras. Dessa forma, se utilizou duas metodologias, para avaliar uma população base de E. camaldulensis, originária da Austrália, e instalada em Selvíria-MS em abril de 1986. A primeira procurou avaliar a variação genética para os caracteres silviculturais: altura total, altura comercial, altura da primeira bifurcação, diâmetro a altura do peito e volume; como também da qualidade da madeira como a resistência à penetração e a densidade básica da madeira. Para tanto, utilizou-se um delineamento em blocos casualizados com 25 progênies, 4 repetições e 1 planta por parcela. As estimativas de componentes de variância e parâmetros genéticos foram obtidas pelo método da máxima verossimilhança restrita e melhor predição linear não viciada (REML/BLUP). Verificou-se que: i) não se detectou variação genética para os caracteres silviculturais e da qualidade da madeira; ii) o caráter mais indicado para a seleção foi à altura comercial (HC) em função dos maiores coeficientes de variação relativa ( = 0,32), herdabilidade (rCV2mhˆ = 0,28) e da acurácia ( = 0,54) encontrados; iii) a população de E. camaldulensis apresenta bom desenvolvimento silvicultural (HT = 25,36m) na região do bolsão sul-matogrossense; iv) a alta densidade básica da madeira (DBM = 0,74) desta população de E. camaldulensis indica este material para uso em serraria e energia (carvão e lenha). A segunda metodologia procurou avaliar a diversidade genética e o sistema reprodutivo desta população, por meio de marcador microssatélite. Para tanto, foram amostrados tecidos foliares em 100 árvores de uma população de E. camaldulensis localizada na Fazenda de Ensino e Pesquisa da UNESP de Ilha Solteira, situada... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The Eucalyptus camaldulensis is distinguished for the potential of use of its wood, as well as for its plasticity of adaptation the different Brazilian ambient conditions. Of this form, if it used two methodologies, to evaluate a population base of E. camaldulensis, originary of Australia, and installed in Selvíria-MS in April of 1986. The first one looked for to evaluate the genetic variation for the silvicultural traits: total height, commercial height, height of the first bifurcation, breast height diameter and volume; as well as of the wood quality as the resistance to the penetration and the wood density. The experimental design utilized was a randomized block with 25 progenies, four replications and one plant for plot was used. The genetic estimates of variance components and parameters had been gotten by the method of the restricted maximum likelihood and best linear unbiased prediction (REML/BLUP). It was verified that: i) did not detect genetic variation for the silvicultural traits and of the quality of the wood; ii) the indicated trait more for the election was to the commercial height (HC) in function of the biggest coefficients of relative variation ( = 0,32), heritability (rCV2mhˆ = 0,28) and of the accuracy ( = 0,54) found; iii) the population of E. camaldulensis presents good aarˆsilvicultural development (HT = 25,36m) in the region of the south-matogrossense; iv) the high wood density (DBM = 0,74) of this population of E. camaldulensis indicates this material for use in would saw and energy (coal and firewood). The second methodology looked for to evaluate the genetic diversity and the mating system of this population, by means of marking microsatellite. For in such a way, they had been showed leaves in 100 E. camaldulensis trees of a population located in the Farm of Education and Research of the UNESP in Selvíria-MS. It was observed that the nine evaluated locos... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre

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23

Hengari, Simeon Ngaitungue. "The growth response of Eucalyptus grandis x E. camaldulensis to salt stress, ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae double colonisation /." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/390.

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Raath, Gideon. "The impact of high rainfall and flood events on Eucalyptus camaldulensis distribution along the central Breede River." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97021.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., or River Red Gum, is a commercially valuable yet recognised invasive alien plant (IAP) of riparian zones throughout South Africa. The invasive potential of E. camaldulensis is widely recognised, with specific regulations aimed at the management of E. camaldulensis. E. camaldulensis is known to use large amounts of water, reduce biodiversity, change river morphology and impact hydrological regimes of rivers. In the native range throughout Australia, E. camaldulensis displays a distinct relationship between rainfall, and flood events, for seed dispersal, germination and establishment, and consequently spatial extent, yet little is known about the relationships in the South African context. The aim of this project was to assess the impact of high rainfall and flood events on the establishment and distribution of E. camaldulensis along the Middle Breede River, between Worcester and Swellendam in the Western Cape, by establishing the current spatial extent of E. camaldulensis along the river, identifying flood events since 1950 and evaluating the impact rainfall and flood events had on the spatial extent thereof. Aerial imagery, rainfall, discharge and river level data was obtained dating back to 1980, as well as field data comprising of GPS-bounding of E. camaldulensis stands. Additionally, density measurements were obtained and interviews conducted with land users. Spatial analysis of aerial imagery, coupled with perimeter (GPS) data and density data were used to conduct spatio-temporal analysis, employing GIS and conventional statistical approaches to address the various objectives. Results indicated E. camaldulensis stands had a small overall increase in spatial extent since 1980. Flooding and rainfall events coincided with an increase in occurrence of E. camaldulensis with elevated river levels and frequent flooding, while spatial variation of this relationship was observed. The hydrological regime of the Breede River coincides with a slow increase in spatial extent of E. camaldulensis stands, but no affirmation of a positive real-world relationship was possible using the available data. Results further suggested, based on the current age class composition, that existing stands originated roughly during 1980, possibly due to commercial forestry related seeding into the river. Reduced fragmentation between stakeholders, educational programmes and improved reporting systems were recommended for improved IAP management within the area.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Eucalyptus camaldulensis, of Rooibloekom (RB), is ‘n waardevolle kommersiële, maar erkende indringer plantspesie (IP) wat veral oewersones in Suid-Afrika indring. Die indringerpotensiaal van E. camaldulensis is welbekend, en spesifieke regulasies, gemik op die bestuur van RB en ander spesies is reeds aangeneem. E. camaldulensis is veral bekend vir sy hoë watergebruik, sy vermindering van biodiversiteit, sy vermoë om riviervorme te verander en sy algehele impak op die hidrologiese patroon van riviere waarmee dit in aanraking kom. In sy oorspronklike verspreidingsgebied in Australië toon E. camaldulensis ‘n bepaalde verhouding tussen reënval en vloedgebeurtenisse vir saadverspreiding, ontkieming en vestiging en derhalwe die ruimtelike verspreiding van die spesie; alhoewel hierdie verhouding in die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks steeds redelik onverduidelik bly. Die doelwit van hierdie studie was dus om die impak van hoë reënval en vloedgebeurtenisse op die ruimtelike verspreiding en vestiging van E. camaldulensis teenaan die Middel Breëde Rivier, spesifiek tussen Worcester en Swellendam, te evalueer. Hierdie doelwit was bereik deur die historiese ruimtelike verspreiding teenaan die rivier te meet, hoë reënval en vloedgebeurtenisse vanaf 1980 te identifiseer, en die huidige verspreiding en omtrek met GPS te meet. Digtheidafmetings, sowel as onderhoude met belanghebbendes teenaan die rivier was ook opgeneem. Visuele interpretatasie van lugfotos, sowel as omtrek (GPS) en digtheid-data was gebruik om ruimtelike analise uit te voer, deur die gebruik van GIS en konvensionele statistiese metodes, ten einde die doelwitte te evalueer. Resultate dui aan dat E. camaldulensis areas ‘n klein algemene groei getoon het sedert 1980. Hoë-reënval en gereëlde vloedgebeurtenisse het ook gepaard gegaan met ‘n groei van E. camaldulensis oppervlak, alhoewel hierdie verhouding ruimtelike variasie getoon het, met ‘n algemene groei patroon gemerk oor die volledige studietydperk. Ook geen stimulerende verhouding kon vanuit die beskikbare data bevestig word nie. Addisionele resultate het aangedui dat die verspreiding van E. camaldulensis ongeveer 1980 onstaan het, moontlik as gevolg van kommersiële bosbou-aanplanting en verwante saadverspreiding in die rivier vanaf daardie tyd. Aanbevelings ten opsigte van verbeterde indringerbestuur sluit in die beperking van huidige fragmentasie tussen belanghebbendes en betrokke verwyderingsorganisasies, addisionele onderrigprogramme sowel as die verbetering van terugvoersisteme.

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Borges, Janaina de Santana. "Proteômica quantitativa e metabolômica do híbrido Eucalyptus grandis x E. camaldulensis, tolerante e susceptível ao déficit hídrico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11137/tde-05072016-163804/.

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O E. grandis x E. camaldulensis possui características favoráveis de adaptação à seca, conferidas pelo E. camaldulensis e qualidade da madeira para papel e celulose, conferida pelo E. grandis. Esta adaptação à seca está relacionada a fatores fisiológicos e também moleculares, expressos em sua proteoma e metaboloma, que se alteram na presença do estresse. Objetiva-se neste trabalho estudar as respostas fisiológicas, proteômicas e metabolômicas (metabólitos primários) diferencialmente expressos em folhas de Eucalyptus submetidas ao déficit hídrico. Dois genótipos de E. grandis x E. camaldulensis, sendo um tolerante (T) e um susceptível (S) ao déficit hídrico foram submetidos à 100% e 30% da capacidade de campo (CC), para as plantas bem irrigadas e as em déficit hídrico, respectivamente. Os tratamentos foram chamados de T100, T30, S100 e S30 para os diferentes genótipos, T e S, submetidos a diferentes CC, 100% e 30%. Estas plantas foram avaliadas fisiologicamente com auxílio do equipamento Infrared Gas Analyzer (IRGA). Foram empregadas técnicas de proteômica quantitativa, label-free e shotgun, através do uso de UPLC-MSE. O estudo de metabolômica ocorreu através da utilização do GC x GC-TOF/MS. Os dados de proteômica foram processados no programa Protein Lynx Global Server (PLGS) e ExpressionE, através das análises comparativas S100 vs S30 e T100 vs T30, e dos metabólitos primários nos programas ChromaTOF e MetaboAnalyst. Foi possível observar que o T100 apresentou menor taxa fotossintética e condutância estomática do que o S100. Ambos os genótipos apresentaram taxas fotossintéticas e condutância estomática muito menores a 30% da CC do que a 100% da CC. A análise proteômica identificou um total de 397, 305, 366, 309 proteínas nos tratamentos S100, S30, T100 e T30 respectivamente. As análises comparativas por PLGS constataram que houve um aumento no número de proteínas diferencialmente expressas na presença do déficit hídrico. Cinco processos biológicos que apresentaram um aumento no número de proteínas diferencialmente expressas na presença do déficit hídrico foram: homeostase celular, fotossíntese, resposta ao estímulo abiótico, resposta ao estresse e morte celular. Três vias biológicas que apresentaram a participação de muitas enzimas identificadas, relacionadas a processos fotossintéticos, foram: fixação de carbono em organismos fotossintéticos, ciclo TCA e glicólise/gluconeogênese. O déficit hídrico diminuiu o número de proteínas diferencialmente expressas relacionadas ao processo metabólico de compostos contendo bases nucleares, regulação biológica e processo biossintético, que estão relacionados ao crescimento, desenvolvimento e manutenção dos processos vitais das plantas. Em relação à análise metabolômica foram identificados um total de 93, 94, 90 e 91 metabólitos primários nos tratamentos S100, S30, T100 e T30, respectivamente. Utilizando o programa Metaboanalyst, foi possível identificar os 15 metabólitos que mais contribuíram para a separação dos tratamentos, com maiores \"VIP scores\", sendo alguns responsivos ao déficit hídrico. A via da purina e arginina foi identificada como a mais frequente dentre os metabólitos identificados com VIP score ≥ 1,5.
The E. grandis x E. camaldulensis has favourable characteristics of adaptation to drought, conferred by E. camaldulensis and quality of wood for pulp and paper, conferred by E. grandis. This adaptation to drought is related to physiological factors and also expressed in their molecular proteome and metabolome, which change in the presence of stress. The aim of this work was to study the physiological responses, proteomics and metabolomics (primary metabolites) differentially expressed in leaves of Eucalyptus under drought. Two genotypes of E. grandis x E. camaldulensis, a tolerant (T) and a susceptible (S) to drought stress, were subjected to 100% and 30% of field capacity (FC), for the well-watered plants and drought stressed plants, respectively. The treatments were called T100, T30, S100 and S30 for different genotypes, T and S, submitted to different FC, 100% and 30%. These plants were evaluated physiologically using the Infrared Gas Analyzer (IRGA). Label-free and shotgun quantitative proteomics were realized using UPLC-MSE. The metabolomics study was carried out using GC x GC-TOF/MS mass spectrometer. The proteomics data were processed using the Protein Lynx Global Server program (PLGS) and ExpressionE program, through comparative analyses S100 vs S30 and T100 vs S30, and primary metabolites in ChromaTOF and MetaboAnalyst programs. It was observed that T100 had lower photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance than S100. Both genotypes showed stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rates lower at 30% of FC than at 100% of FC. The proteomic analysis identified a total of 397, 305, 366, 309 proteins in the treatments S100, S30, T100 and T30 respectively. Comparative PLGS analyses showed an increase in the number of differentially expressed proteins under drought stress. The five biological processes that showed an increase in the number of differentially expressed proteins under drought stress were: cellular homeostasis, photosynthesis, response to abiotic stimulus, response to stress and cell death. The three biological pathways that had the participation of many identified enzymes, which are related to photosynthetic processes, were: carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, TCA cycle and glycolysis / gluconeogenesis. The drought reduced the number of differentially expressed proteins related to the metabolism of compounds containing nuclear bases, biological regulation and biosynthetic process, which were related to growth, development and maintenance of the vital processes of plants. The metabolomic analysis identified a total of 93, 94, 90 and 91 primary metabolites in the treatments S100, S30, T100 and T30, respectively. Using Metaboanalyst program, it was possible to identify 15 metabolites that contributed to the separation of treatments with higher \"VIP scores\", some of these are responsive to drought. The purine and arginine pathway was identified as the most frequent among the metabolites identified with VIP score ≥ 1.5.

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Kien, Nguyen Duc. "Improvement of Eucalyptus plantations grown for pulp production." Uppsala : Dept. of Plant Biology and Forest Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2009. http://epsilon.slu.se/200953.pdf.

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Boudarga, Khadija. "Étude des mycorhizes de l'eucalyptus camaldulensis : Application pratique à la mycorhization de vitroplants." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10042.

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(. . . ) Dans un premier temps, nous avons vérifié l'organisation fine des endomycorhizes VA qui a montré des caractères communs à toutes les mycorhizes de ce type. Puis nous avons effectué la synthèse in vitro de ces mycorhizes en utilisant comme plante-hôte des semis ou des vitroplants (. . . ) Par des contrôles cytologiques et par un suivi dans le temps, nous avons vérifié que les systèmes mycrohiziens sont conformes et se maintiennent dans les plantes infectées (. . . ) Nous nous sommes attachés à mettre au point une méthode simple et fiable de production d'inoculum endomycorhizien VA (. . . ) Nous avons reconstitué, en conditions contrôlées, des systèmes mycorhiziens doubles (endo- ectomycorhizes) et nous en avons étudié l'évolution (. . . )

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Medina, Quintanilla Tomás. "Bioacumulación de elementos traza en especies estabilizadoras (Acacia saligna (Labill) H. Wendl y Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Dehnh) en tranques de relaves." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2010. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/151633.

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Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Ingeniero Forestal
Un estudio comparativo de concentraciones de algunos elementos traza fue llevado a cabo para dos especies forestales estabilizadoras, Acacia saligna y Eucalyptus camaldulensis, ubicadas sobre un complejo de tranques de relaves. Los tejidos vegetales y los sustratos fueron muestreados tanto en sitios cubiertos por los relaves como sitios aledaños (grupo control) de manera de evaluar las concentraciones y distribución de elementos traza en los tejidos de las plantas (hojas, ramas, frutos, tallos y raíces). Los sustratos de relave fueron muestreados a dos profundidades, determinándose, en cada uno de ellos, las fracciones biodisponibles y totales de los elementos Cu, Mn, Fe y Zn. En términos generales, se presentaron diferencias significativas entre los sitios muestreados, acumulándose una mayor cantidad de elementos traza en los individuos ubicados en el grupo relave tanto para tejidos vegetales como para los sustratos. En el caso de Acacia saligna el elemento que presentó la mayor acumulación fue el Fe, principalmente ubicado en las raíces con un comportamiento similar tanto en el grupo control como en el relave. Las concentraciones de Cu fueron más altas en las raíces de los individuos ubicados en el grupo relave. El Zn presentó mayores concentraciones en el grupo relave pero se distribuyó homogéneamente entre los tejidos. En general, el comportamiento de los elementos trazas en Eucalyptus camaldulensis fue similar al presentado en Acacia saligna salvo las concentraciones de Mo las cuales fueron menores.

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Silva, Janete Motta da [UNESP]. "Avaliação da variabilidade genética em uma população base de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh para fins de conservação e melhoramento genético." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106173.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-05-21Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:26:26Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_jm_dr_ilha.pdf: 5229353 bytes, checksum: 26881a18397c496d59109ba02eed094d (MD5)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O Eucalyptus camaldulensis, espécie nativa da Austrália, é plantada com sucesso em vários países em função da sua superioridade na produção de madeira, em relação a outras espécies sob condições ambientais adversas, com destaque para tolerância ao déficit hídrico e à alta temperatura. Em abril de 1986 instalou-se uma população base de Eucalyptus camaldulensis, em Selvíria-MS, na Fazenda de Ensino e Pesquisa e Extensão - Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira/UNESP, constituída por 25 matrizes, sendo 13 (Lote 14517) procedentes da região de Nott’s Crossing, Katherine River, Austrália, e as 12 restantes pertencentes ao lote 13923 da CSIRO. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi investigar a variabilidade genética da população base e do teste de progênies, baseado na caracterização molecular (locos microssatélites) e quantitativa (caracteres quantitativos DAP, altura, forma do fuste, volume, brotação, densidade básica da madeira e resistência à penetração), para fins de conservação e melhoramento genético. Os caracteres quantitativos foram avaliados dos 20 aos 23 anos após a instalação da população base, sendo que aos 21 anos desbastou-se 83,33% da população base, baseado no índice multi-efeitos, transformando-se em uma população de melhoramento ou pomar de sementes. Em outubro de 2008 instalou-se um teste de progênies a partir de sementes de 136 árvores oriundas da população de melhoramento, e avaliou-se altura total de plantas aos seis meses após instalação do teste de progênies. A caracterização molecular ocorreu em 250 indivíduos da população de melhoramento e em 500 indivíduos do teste de progênies. A população base e o teste de progênies possuem alta variabilidade genética para os caracteres avaliados, mesmo após o desbaste seletivo. Existe seleção para heterozigotos...
Eucalyptus camaldulensis is Australian specie that is planted successfully in many countries in function of its superiority in production of wood in relation to other species in adverse environmental conditions, emphasis by tolerance to drought and high temperature. In April 1986 established a base population of Eucalyptus camaldulensis in Selvíria-MS in Experimental Research Station, Engineer School of Ilha Solteira, UNESP, with 25 seed-trees, 13 (lot 14517) coming from region of Nott´s Crossing, Katherine River, Australia, and 12 belong to the lot 13923 CSIRO. The main objective of this study was to investigate the genetic variability of the base population and the progeny test based on molecular characterization (microsatellite loci) and quantitative (quantitative traits DBH, height, stem shape, volume, sprouting, wood basic density and penetration resistance), for purposes of genetic conservation and breeding. The quantitative traits were evaluated from 20 to 23 years after installation of the base population, and logging up 83,33% of the base population with 21 years, based multi-effect index selection, turning into a breeding population or seed orchard. In October 2008 it was installed a test progeny from seed of 136 trees coming from the breeding population, and evaluated total height at six months after installation of the progeny test. There was a molecular characterization in 250 individuals of the improvement population and in 500 individuals from progeny test. The base population and progeny test are highly variable genetic traits, even after selective thinning. There is selection for the heterozygous between progeny and adult phase, and the species has a mixed mating system, producing seeds by a combination of crosses with self pollination, with a predominance of crosses. The improvement population is isolated in terms of gene... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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30

Gonzaga, Janete Motta da Silva. "Avaliação da variabilidade genética em uma população base de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh para fins de conservação e melhoramento genético /." Ilha Solteira : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106173.

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Resumo: O Eucalyptus camaldulensis, espécie nativa da Austrália, é plantada com sucesso em vários países em função da sua superioridade na produção de madeira, em relação a outras espécies sob condições ambientais adversas, com destaque para tolerância ao déficit hídrico e à alta temperatura. Em abril de 1986 instalou-se uma população base de Eucalyptus camaldulensis, em Selvíria-MS, na Fazenda de Ensino e Pesquisa e Extensão - Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira/UNESP, constituída por 25 matrizes, sendo 13 (Lote 14517) procedentes da região de Nott's Crossing, Katherine River, Austrália, e as 12 restantes pertencentes ao lote 13923 da CSIRO. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi investigar a variabilidade genética da população base e do teste de progênies, baseado na caracterização molecular (locos microssatélites) e quantitativa (caracteres quantitativos DAP, altura, forma do fuste, volume, brotação, densidade básica da madeira e resistência à penetração), para fins de conservação e melhoramento genético. Os caracteres quantitativos foram avaliados dos 20 aos 23 anos após a instalação da população base, sendo que aos 21 anos desbastou-se 83,33% da população base, baseado no índice multi-efeitos, transformando-se em uma população de melhoramento ou pomar de sementes. Em outubro de 2008 instalou-se um teste de progênies a partir de sementes de 136 árvores oriundas da população de melhoramento, e avaliou-se altura total de plantas aos seis meses após instalação do teste de progênies. A caracterização molecular ocorreu em 250 indivíduos da população de melhoramento e em 500 indivíduos do teste de progênies. A população base e o teste de progênies possuem alta variabilidade genética para os caracteres avaliados, mesmo após o desbaste seletivo. Existe seleção para heterozigotos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Eucalyptus camaldulensis is Australian specie that is planted successfully in many countries in function of its superiority in production of wood in relation to other species in adverse environmental conditions, emphasis by tolerance to drought and high temperature. In April 1986 established a base population of Eucalyptus camaldulensis in Selvíria-MS in Experimental Research Station, Engineer School of Ilha Solteira, UNESP, with 25 seed-trees, 13 (lot 14517) coming from region of Nott's Crossing, Katherine River, Australia, and 12 belong to the lot 13923 CSIRO. The main objective of this study was to investigate the genetic variability of the base population and the progeny test based on molecular characterization (microsatellite loci) and quantitative (quantitative traits DBH, height, stem shape, volume, sprouting, wood basic density and penetration resistance), for purposes of genetic conservation and breeding. The quantitative traits were evaluated from 20 to 23 years after installation of the base population, and logging up 83,33% of the base population with 21 years, based multi-effect index selection, turning into a breeding population or seed orchard. In October 2008 it was installed a test progeny from seed of 136 trees coming from the breeding population, and evaluated total height at six months after installation of the progeny test. There was a molecular characterization in 250 individuals of the improvement population and in 500 individuals from progeny test. The base population and progeny test are highly variable genetic traits, even after selective thinning. There is selection for the heterozygous between progeny and adult phase, and the species has a mixed mating system, producing seeds by a combination of crosses with self pollination, with a predominance of crosses. The improvement population is isolated in terms of gene... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Orientador: Mario Luiz Teixeira de Moraes
Coorientador: Edson Seizo Mori
Banca: Alexandre Magno Sebbenn
Banca: Miguel Luiz Menezes Freitas
Banca: Anete Pereira de Souza
Banca: Rinaldo César de Paula
Doutor

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Marty, Patrick. "Rapports entre Eucalyptus camaldulensis et E. gomphocephala, leurs arthropodes corticoles, Phoracantha semipunctata et le milieu dans deux arboretums marocains." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37615906b.

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Borges, Janaina de Santana. "Análise comparativa do proteoma e metaboloma de raízes de dois clones de E. grandis x E. camaldulensis, sendo um tolerante e um susceptível a condições de estresse hídrico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11137/tde-26062013-143137/.

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A crescente demanda por produtos madeireiros no mercado nacional e internacional requer produção constante de madeira, sendo o gênero Eucalyptus uma alternativa para atender esta demanda. A seleção do local para plantio deste gênero requer estudos relacionados às características de adaptabilidade da espécie. Para regiões com déficit hídrico é necessária a seleção de uma espécie ou clone resistente a esta característica. Muitos autores mostram a potencialidade de produção do Eucalyptus camaldulensis e do híbrido E. grandis x E. camaldulensis para regiões áridas do Brasil, em relação a outras espécies de eucalipto. A adaptação de uma espécie a determinado ambiente, esta relacionada a muitas características genéticas que influenciam, por exemplo, o proteoma e o metaboloma desta espécie. As células de um organismo possuem o mesmo genoma, mas apresentam as mais variadas funções e morfologias, e isto está relacionado ao fato de existir diferenças no padrão de expressão de proteínas e metabólitos destas células. As áreas de proteômica e metabolômica auxiliam no entendimento de processos biológicos e fornecem um panorama sobre o estado das plantas em determinado momento e em resposta a determinadas condições/estresses ambientais. Assim o principal objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma análise comparativa do proteoma e metaboloma de raízes de dois clones de E. grandis x E. camaldulensis, sendo um tolerante e um susceptível ao déficit hídrico, após os indivíduos terem sido submetidos a diferentes regimes hídricos, sendo 100% da capacidade de campo utilizada nas plantas controle e 30% nas plantas tratamento. Os resultados gerados mostraram a existência de proteínas relacionadas ao estresse hídrico e a existência de metabólitos secundários diferencialmente expressos nas plantas controle e tratamento. Esta pesquisa possui um caráter inovador por ser um dos primeiros trabalhos relacionados à área de proteômica e metabolômica de raiz de eucalipto sob estresse hídrico. Novos estudos relacionados a esta área são bem vindos, podendo contribuir na identificação de genes tolerantes ao estresse hídrico e que poderão ser utilizados no futuro na engenharia genética de plantas.
The increasing demand for wood products in the domestic and international markets requires constant wood production and the Eucalyptus genus is an alternative to meet this demand. The site selection for planting this genus requires studies related to characteristics of adaptability of the species to be used. For regions with drought stress, for example, a drought resistant clone or species must be selected. Many authors have shown the potential of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and hybrids of this species with E. grandis for production in arid regions of Brazil. The adaptation of a species to a particular environment may be related to many genetic features which have an impact, for example, on the proteome and metabolome of this species. The cells in an organism have the same genome, but exhibit the most varied functions and morphologies, which are related to differences in the expression pattern of proteins and metabolites of those cells. The areas of proteomics and metabolomics can assist in the understanding the biological processes and supply an overview about plants status at any given time and in response to certain conditions / environmental stresses. The aim of this work is to perform a comparative analysis of the roots´s proteome and metabolome of two E. grandis x E. camaldulensis clones, one tolerant and another susceptible to drought, after the individuals have been subjected to different water regimes, 100% of field capacity for the control plants and 30% for the treated ones. The results showed the presence of proteins related to drought stress and the presence of secondary metabolites differentially expressed in the control when compared to treatment plants. This research has an innovative feature to be one of the first works involving proteomics and metabolomics studies of eucalyptus roots under water stress. New researches related to this field are welcome and may help to identify genes tolerant to drought stress that may be used in the future for genetic engineering plants.

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Pinheiro, Antonio Lelis. "Reflexos da fertilização mineral de boro na estrutura anatômica, no crescimento e na seca-de-ponteiro de Eucalyptus citriodora Hook, e Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. no cerrado de Minas Gerais, Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/25415.

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Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito da aplicação de doses crescentes de boro no crescimento e na produção volumétrica, na intensidade de seca-de-ponteiro e na estrutura anatômica das folhas de Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. e Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., em dois tipos de solos no cerrado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Ambas as espécies são extremamente importantes em reflorestamentos no País para produção de madeira. Foram coletadas amostras de folhas para análise química foliar e estudos morfoanatômicos das espécies em dois solos de classe textural franco-arenoso e muito argiloso, nas fazendas Brejão e Galheiros, pertencentes à Mannesmann FI-EL Florestal Ltda. Foram analisados o crescimento em altura, DAP e volume através de análises de variância e regressão. Foi calculado o CISP (coeficiente de intensidade de seca-de-ponteiro) e analisados os efeitos do boro, inclusive, na estrutura anatômica. Os resultados demonstraram efeitos significativos do boro no crescimento e ganho em volume das espécies. Demonstraram também que, sem boro, é impossível o cultivo das espécies de eucalipto em condições similares às deste trabalho. Quanto aos efeitos na estrutura anatômica das folhas, não se pode afirmar que são devidos ao boro exclusivamente, mas a um conjunto de fatores como clima, estado nutricional e sombreamento, dentre outros.

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Mochi, Vanessa Trevizan. "Efeito da temperatura de secagem no rendimento do oleo essencial e teor de 1,8-cineol presente nas folhas de Eucalyptus camaldulensis." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/266803.

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Orientador: Marco Aurelio Cremasco
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Quimica
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Resumo: A secagem das folhas de Eucalyptus camaldulensis, cujo óleo essencial apresenta como componente principal o 1,8-cineol, é o enfoque da presente dissertação. O 1,8-cineol, conhecido também como cineol e eucaliptol, pode ser utilizado, por exemplo, no tratamento de doenças das vias respiratórias. Este estudo objetiva analisar experimentalmente a influência da temperatura do ar de secagem no rendimento do óleo essencial de Eucalyptus camaldulensis e no teor de 1,8- cineol nele presente, uma vez que o processo de secagem de plantas aromáticas auxilia na conservação das características originais por um tempo maior e aumenta o rendimento do óleo essencial quando comparado com a extração realizada com a folha úmida ou até mesmo com a folha seca naturalmente. O procedimento experimental consiste da secagem das folhas de E. camaldulensis em um secador tipo leito fixo, seguida da extração do óleo essencial em um destilador tipo Clevenger e, por fim, da análise por cromatografia gasosa para determinar e quantificar o 1,8-cineol no óleo essencial. Durante os ensaios experimentais de secagem, os seguintes parâmetros operacionais foram fixados: velocidade do ar de secagem a 0,60 m/s, carga de folhas úmidas em 100 g e tempo de secagem de 60 minutos. Foram efetuados 16 experimentos, utilizando-se temperaturas do ar de secagem entre 35 e 70 ºC. Com o estudo, foi possível verificar que o rendimento em óleo essencial extraído de folhas de Eucalyptus camaldulensis aumenta com a elevação da temperatura do ar de secagem. O mesmo pode ser observado para o teor do 1,8-cineol presente no óleo essencial. Finalmente, concluiu-se que, dentre as temperaturas do ar de secagem estudadas, 65º C foi a que forneceu melhores resultados
Abstract: The drying of leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, whose essential oil presents 1,8-cineol as main component, is the subject of this work. The 1,8-cineol, also known as cineol and eucaliptol, can be used, for example, in the treatment of respiratory diseases. The objective of this study is to analyze experimentally the influence of the drying air temperature on the Eucalyptus camaldulensis outcome of essential oil and the content of 1,8-cineol. To dry aromatic plants results in the conservation of the original characteristics for a bigger period of time and also increases the outcome of the essential oil, compared to the extraction carried out with moist leaves or even with naturally dried leaves. The experimental procedure consists of drying leaves of E. camaldulensis in a fixed-bed dryer, followed by the extraction of the essential oil in a Clevenger type distiller and, finally, of the analysis by gaseous chromatography in order to determine and quantify 1,8- cineol content in the essential oil. During the drying experiments, the following operational parameters have been fixed: drying air speed of 0.60 m/s, load of moist leaves as 100 g and drying time of 60 minutes. Sixteen experiments have been carried out, with drying air temperatures comprised between 35 and 70º C. With the study, it was possible to verify that the outcome of essential oil extracted from Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves increases with the increasing drying air temperature. The same can be observed for the content of 1,8-cineol present in the essential oil. Finally, one concluded that, among the drying air temperatures studied, 65º C offered the best results
Mestrado
Engenharia de Processos
Mestre em Engenharia Química

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Giraud, Billoud Juan Francisco. "Uso de lodos residuales de la industria vitivinícola como sustrato en la producción en vivero de plantines de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, 2020. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/14827.

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La presente tesina propone un primer paso en el conocimiento de una alternativa económicamente viable y ambientalmente sostenible a la disposición final de lodos, que se generan en la industria vitivinícola, los cuales frecuentemente, son depositados en rellenos sanitarios sin ningún tipo de control ambiental. Su disposición en plantaciones forestales con la finalidad de aprovechar sus nutrientes, disminuiría el impacto causado al medio ambiente en el uso de vertederos. Un estudio en un cultivo forestal ya implantado del comportamiento de los forestales frente al agregado de estos lodos demandaría un tiempo mucho más prolongado que el aconsejable para el desarrollo de una tesina. Por ello, y como un primer paso, se evaluó el uso de lodos provenientes de la industria vitivinícola, como abono orgánico aplicado al sustrato utilizado para la producción de plantines de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh en contenedores. El ensayo fue realizado en el vivero que posee la cátedra de Dasonomía, dentro del predio de la Facultad Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Los eucaliptus se desarrollaron en macetas de polietileno de 4l durante 182 días. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques completo al azar con 4 tratamientos y 4 repeticiones, dando un total de 16 unidades experimentales. Los tratamientos incluyen un testigo formado por una mezcla de tierra franco arenosa que contiene solo sustrato base sin ningún tipo de agregado, un segundo tratamiento agregando al sustrato base guano de gallina sin agregado de lodo, un tercer tratamiento con agregado de una dosis que se estima baja de lodo y un cuarto tratamiento con agregado de una dosis que se estima alta de lodo. Todos en sustrato base con textura franco-arenosa. Las variables altura y diámetro de las plantas fueron medidas mensualmente y al final del ensayo se midió la biomasa total. Dichas variables fueron sometidas al análisis de varianza y la comparación de medias por el método de Tukey con 5% de probabilidad. Los resultados del ensayo experimental aplicado durante el periodo de 182 días evidenció que el sustrato con lodo en dosis alta y guano de gallina presentan un mayor crecimiento para las variables diámetro y biomasa con respecto al sustrato con lodo en dosis baja y el testigo, poniendo de relieve que el agregado de lodos de bodega, en dosis adecuadas al sustrato constituyen una alternativa técnica y ambientalmente recomendable para la deposición de lodos provenientes de la industria vitivinícola, utilizándolos como un abono orgánico.
Fil: Giraud Billoud, Juan Francisco. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias.

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Alberto, Sónia Cristina Travessa. "Dinâmica das populações do Psilideo-de-concha Glycaspis brimblecombei (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) e do seu parasitóide Psyllaephagus bliteus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) em Eucalyptus camaldulensis." Master's thesis, ISA-UL, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13363.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Florestal e dos Recursos Naturais - Instituto Superior de Agronomia - UL
Com o objectivo de avaliar a dinâmica populacional de Glycaspis brimblecombei e do seu eventual controlo por inimigos naturais autóctones e pelo parasitóide Psyllaephagus bliteus, amostrou-se a população da psila, e procedeu-se à identificação dos seus possiveis predadores e estimativa da taxa de parasitismo. Os trabalhos de campo foram desenvolvidos em dois arboretos, um localizado na Tapada da Ajuda, pertencente ao ISA, e outro na Herdade de Espirra em Pegões. A monitorização populacional de G.brimblecombei foi realizada por inspecção de E. camaldulensis, entre Maio e Outubro de 2014 por contagem de ovos e dos diferentes estádios ninfais e presença de ninfas parasitadas. Estas foram contabilizadas pelo registo de “múmias” cheias e vazias, e pela amostragem de ninfas e observação do seu interior após clarificação com clorofenol. Semelhante amostragem, foi conduzida na Herdade de Espirra, para a comparação de parasitismo entre as duas zonas. Exemplares de eucalipto, foram observados, recolhidos e identificados potenciais predadores da psila, por aspiração, tendo sido complementado com o ensaio das pancadas realizado noutra parcela da Tapada da Ajuda, de Maio a Julho de 2014. Recolheram-se dados climáticos do período em estudo. A população de G.brimblecombei aumentou de final de Maio a início de Agosto, coincidindo com precipitações baixas e temperaturas moderadas seguindo-se o declínio populacional devido às temperaturas elevadas no Verão e à precipitação no Outono. Observaram-se diferenças significativas de médias de ovos e ninfas entre datas, e não significativas de ovos entre árvores e folhas. Anthocoris nemoralis foi o principal predador observado, mas o número total de indivíduos encontrados foi reduzido. O parasitismo por P.bliteus variou entre 0 e 33% na Tapada da Ajuda e entre 3 e 63% na Herdade de Espirra. Apesar dos valores serem relativamente baixos, este factor poderá ter tido influência no declínio das populações de G.brimblecombei
N/A

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Klein, Hildegard. "Wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) associated with galls in seed-capsules of Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Myrtaceae) in South Africa : species composition, trophic relationships and effects." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9277.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-107).
The Australian river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Denhardt) (Myrtaceae) is regarded in South Africa as a valuable general-purpose utility and ornamental tree, as well as an essential source of nectar and pollen to sustain the honeybees which are crucial for pollinating the economically important fruit crops in mainly the Western Cape Province. Despite its utility value, it is regarded as invasive in South Africa, the major concern being the large amounts of water it consumes when growing along watercourses. River red gum is therefore the subject of conflicts in interests between government agencies that target it for control actions, and farmers and beekeepers who utilize it. As a contribution towards resolving this conflict in interests, a research project was initiated to investigate the potential use of host-specific insects that might reduce the number of viable seeds produced by E camaldulensis. The aim was to reduce its invasive potential while retaining its general utilizability for all concerned. From the start, the need for introduced agents from Australia was weighed against the presence of two species of chalcidoid wasps, both regarded as gall inducers, in the seed capsules of E camaldulensis in South Africa. The current study was motivated by the need for information on the biology of these two species and the effect they were having on seed production in their host plant. As it progressed, three more chalcidoid species, all undescribed at that time and probably of Australian origin, were found to be emerging from the seed capsules of E camaldulensis collected in several parts of South Africa, and these became part of the investigation.

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Ferreira, Filho Pedro José [UNESP]. "Estudo de populações do psilídeo-de-concha Glycaspis brimblecombei (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) e de seu parasitóide Psyllaephagus bliteus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) em floresta de Euclyptus camaldulensis por dois métodos de amostragem." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105410.

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Os psilídeos são um grupo de pragas amplamente distribuídas, causando perdas consideráveis em sistemas agrícolas e florestais. A recente descoberta da ocorrência do psilídeo-de-concha Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), no Brasil tornou-se um problema de grande importância, por ser específico de Eucalyptus. O parasitóide Psyllaephagus bliteus Riek (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) é indicado como principal agente no controle biológico desta praga. Portanto, para o monitoramento adequado de ambas espécies é necessário um método eficiente de amostragem. Devido a sua importância econômica, esse trabalho objetivou estudar as populações de G. brimblecombei e de P. bliteus em floresta de Eucalyptus camaldulensis por dois métodos de amostragem, utilizando armadilhas amarelas e coleta de folhas para determinação de sua distribuição espacial, flutuação populacional, a relação com fatores meteorológicos (temperatura e precipitação), proporção sexual, e correlacionar os métodos de amostragem com ambas populações. A determinação da distribuição espacial, flutuação populacional, proporção sexual e correlação dos métodos de amostragem (53 armadilhas amarelas e 53 ramos/avaliação) foi realizada em um talhão de 19 ha com E. camaldulensis em Luiz Antônio, SP, com 10 avaliações, entre janeiro e junho de 2005. Concluiu-se que as populações de ambas espécies apresentaram distribuição espacial agregada, possue correlação inversamente proporcional à temperatura, independente do método de amostragem; não foi constatado correlação entre ambas espécies e a precipitação pluviométrica, as armadilhas adesivas amarelas são viáveis como método de amostragem e a proporção sexual (macho : fêmea) foi baixa para populações de G. brimblecombei e alta para populações de P. bliteus, sendo coletados mais fêmeas que machos para ambas espécies, no período avaliado.
Psyllids are a widespread group of pests, causing severe damage on agricultural and forestry systems. The recent discovery about occurrence of red gum lerp psyllid Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), in Brazil is nowadays a great problem in Eucalyptus forests, mainly in E. camaldulensis. The psyllid specific parasitic wasp Psyllaephagus bliteus Riek (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is this pest main biological control agent. Thus, the adequate monitoring of both species by a efficient sampling method would facilitate a future decision making. Due to its economic importance, this study aimed to evaluate G. brimblecombei and P. bliteus populations in Eucalyptus camaldulensis plantation by two sampling methods, using yellow traps and foliage samples to determinate their spatial distribution, population fluctuation with weather interactions (temperature and rainfall) and sexual rate and to correlate sampling methods with both populations. The study of the populational fluctuation, the sexual rate, the spatial distribution and correlation sampling methods (53 traps sampled and 53 branches sampled per sampling dates) was carried out on E. camaldulensis plantations in a 19 ha area in Luiz Antônio municipality (SP, Brazil), between January and June, 2005 (10 sampling dates). This research indicated that population of both species noticed special aggregated distribution, inversely proportional correlation subject to temperature. However between sampling methods, there was no correlation between both species with the rainfall, yellow stick traps were useful as sampling methods, sexual rate (male:female) is low to G. brimblecombei populations and high to P. bliteus populations, have been collected more female than male to both species in the evaluated period.

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Pereira, Diego dos Santos. "Qualidade física de um latossolo em diferentes sistemas agrícolas no cerrado de baixa altitude." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153216.

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A utilização de áreas de florestas nativas na região do Cerrado, convertidas para a produção agrícola e florestal, tem provocado efeitos sobre a qualidade física dos solos (QFS). Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência da ocupação de espécies florestais em comparação com uma área de Mata Ciliar (Reflorestada), implantados há 30 anos, sobre a qualidade física de um Latossolo Vermelho, na região do Cerrado brasileiro. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no município de Selvíria-MS, durante o ano agrícola de 2016/17. Os tratamentos corresponderam a três áreas (Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis e Mata Ciliar reflorestada). O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos, e vinte e cinco repetições. A QFS foi avaliada em quatro profundidades (0,00-0,10; 0,10-0,20; 0,20-0,30 e 0,30-0,40 m), utilizando dez atributos físicos do solo: macroporosidade (Ma), microporosidade (Mi), porosidade total calculada (PTc), porosidade total determinada (PTd), densidade no solo (DS), densidade da partícula (DP), resistência mecânica à penetração (RP), umidade gravimétrica (UG), umidade volumétrica (UV) e a granulometria do solo (areia, silte e argila). Os tratamentos influenciaram à QFS, alterando a DS, Mi, Ma, UG, RP e UV. A área de Eucalyptus Camaldulensis foi a que apresentou a melhor QFS, em comparação com a Mata Ciliar.
The use of native forest areas in the Cerrado region, converted to agricultural and forestry production, has had effects on the physical quality of soils (SPQ). Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the occupation of forest species in comparison with an area of Ciliary Forest (reforested), implanted 30 years ago, on the physical quality of a Oxisol, in a low Cerrado region. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, during the agricultural year 2016/17. The treatments corresponded to three areas (Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Pinus caribaea var. Hondurensis and Reforested ciliary forest). The experimental design was a completely randomized design with three treatments and twenty five replicates. The SPQ was evaluated at four depths (0.00-0.10, 0.10-0.20, 0.20-0.30 and 0.30-0.40 m) using ten soil physical attributes: soil attributes analyzed were: macroporosity (Ma), microporosity (Mi), calculated total porosity (PTc), determined total porosity (PTd), bulk density (BD), real particle (RP), mechanical resistance to penetration (PR), gravimetric moisture (GM), volumetric moisture (VM) and soil grading (sand, silt and clay). The treatments influenced SPQ by altering BD, Mi, Ma, GM, RP and VM. The area of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis was the one that presented the best SPQ, compared to the Ciliary Forest.

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Zaruma, Darlin Ulises Gonzalez. "Pomar de sementes por mudas em Eucalyptus camaldulensis e Hymenaea stigonocarpa : uma opção para o melhoramento e a conservação genética em espécies arbóreas exóticas e nativas /." Botucatu, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192613.

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Orientador: Mario Luiz Teixeira de Moraes
Resumo: As espécies florestais possuem grande importância econômica, pois oferecem diversos produtos fundamentais para a sociedade, mas dada a impossibilidade de se separar ações de melhoramento das de conservação de recursos genéticos, técnicas como os testes combinados de progênies e procedências, tanto para espécies exóticas ou nativas, visam a seleção de árvores pelo valor genético e a transformação dos experimentos em PSM (pomares de semente por mudas). Os pomares de sementes são os vetores de produção de sementes de alta qualidade genética, que ligam as atividades de melhoramento das árvores às práticas de conservação. No anterior contexto, sementes de polinização aberta provenientes de uma população base de Eucalyptus camaldulensis e de um fragmento de Cerrado com Hymenaea stigonocarpa, foram coletadas e plantadas na Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira (FEIS/UNESP), em Selvíria-MS. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a variação genética e ganhos genéticos a partir do desbaste dentro de progênies de E. camaldulensis aos 10 anos de idade e estimar parâmetros genéticos populacionais, por meio de marcadores moleculares do tipo microssatélites para H. stigonocarpa, com vistas ao melhoramento genético e conservação, respectivamente. Para análise quantitativa, os caracteres altura (ALT), diâmetro a altura do peito (DAP), volume (VOL), densidade básica (DBM) e sobrevivência (SOB) foram utilizados. Assim os valores observados para sobrevivência (>90%) de E. camaldulensis indic... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Forest species are of great economic importance, as they offer several fundamental products for society, but given the impossibility of separating actions to improve those from the conservation of genetic resources, techniques such as the combined testing of progenies and provenances for both exotic and native species, aim at the selection of trees by their genetic value and the transformation of the experiments in PSM (seed orchards by seedlings). Seed orchards are the vectors of seed production of high genetic quality, which link tree improvement activities to conservation practices. In the previous context, open pollination seeds from a base population of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and a fragment of Cerrado with Hymenaea stigonocarpa, were collected and planted at the Faculty of Engineering of Ilha Solteira (FEIS/UNESP), in Selvíria-MS. The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic variation and genetic gains from thinning within E. camaldulensis progeny at 10 years of age, and to estimate population genetic parameters, using microsatellite molecular markers for H. stigonocarpa, with a view to genetic improvement and conservation, respectively. For quantitative analysis, the characters height (H), diameter at breast height (DBH), volume (VOL), basic density (DBM) and survival (SUR) were used, thus the values observed for survival (> 90%) indicate good adaptation of the species to the place. Estimates considered to be of high magnitude were obtained for the coefficie... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor

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Oliveira, Christtiane Fernandes. "Variabilidade espacial da emissão de CO2 e estoque de carbono do solo em áreas de eucalipto e sistema silvipastoril." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/154513.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Áreas convertidas para florestas plantadas e sistemas silvipastoris (SSPs), além de contribuírem para a sustentabilidade do sistema e promover maior biodiversidade, tem um papel importante na mitigação dos gases do efeito estufa (GEEs). Deste modo, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a variabilidade espacial da emissão de CO2 (FCO2) e do estoque de carbono do solo (EstC) em áreas com 30 anos de conversão de lavoura para o sistema silvipastoril (consórcio de aroeira e capim braquiária) e floresta plantada de eucalipto, no município de Selvíria-MS. Foram instaladas duas malhas amostrais, uma de 100 × 100 m contendo 102 pontos na área de eucalipto (EU) e outra com 86 pontos amostrais no sistema silvipastoril (SSP), possibilitando fazer uma estatística mais confiável em termos de variabilidade espacial. A emissão de CO2 do solo foi determinada por meio do sistema LI-8100, juntamente à determinação de temperatura e umidade do solo. Os resultados indicaram que a área de EU obteve a maior média de FCO2 (7,22 mol m-2 s-1), maior valor de EstC (21,75 Mg ha-1), e maior grau de humificação da matéria orgânica (HLIFS), indicando um material mais recalcitrante, se comparada ao SSP. A análise variográfica indicou que o intervalo de dependência espacial do FCO2 para SSP variou de 19,8 a 87,9 m, enquanto na EU os valores variaram de 22,3 a 60,9 m. O FCO2 apresentou melhor correlação espacial com estoque de carbono do solo. Os mapas de FCO2 mantiveram um padrão de variabilidade espacial ao longo do tempo para ambas as áreas avaliadas.
Areas converted to planted forests and silvopastoral systems (SSPs), besides contributing to the sustainability of the system and promoting greater biodiversity, play an important role in the mitigation of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Thus, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the spatial variability of CO2 emission (FCO2) and soil carbon stock (EstC) in areas with 30 years of conversion to the silvipastoril system (Myracrodruon urundeuva, consortium and brachiaria grass) and planted forest of eucalyptus, in the municipality of Selvíria-MS. Two sample meshes were installed, one of 100 × 100 m containing 102 points in the eucalyptus (EU) area and the other with 86 sampling points in the silvipastoral system (SSP), making it possible to make a statistic more reliable in terms of spatial variability. The CO2 emission of the soil was determined by the LI-8100 system, together with the determination of soil temperature and humidity. The results indicate that the EU area obtained the highest average FCO2 (7.22 μmol m-2 s-1), a higher value of EstC (21.75 Mg ha-1), and a higher degree of humification of organic matter (HLIFS), indicating a more recalcitrant material, when compared to SSP. The variographic analysis indicated that the spatial dependence range of FCO2 for SSP ranged from 19.8 to 87.9 m, while in the EU the values ranged from 22.3 to 60.9 m. FCO2 showed better spatial correlation with soil carbon stock. The FCO2 maps maintained a spatial variability pattern over time for both areas evaluated.
FAPESP: 16/03861-5

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Camargo, Joelma Melissa Malherbe. "Seleção de clones, absorção e translocação de silíco, e seu efeito sobre a população do psilídeo-de-concha Glycaspis Brimblecombei (Moore) (Hemiptera:Psyllidae) em plantas de Eucalyptus Camaldulensis Dehn." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/26341.

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Orientadora : Profa. Dra. Keti Maria Rocha Zanol
Co-orientadora : Profa. Dra. Dalva Luiz de Queiroz
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciencias Biológicas (Entomologia). Defesa: Curitiba, 25/02/2011
Bibliografia: fls. 96-101
Área de concentração: Entomologia
Resumo: O gênero Eucalyptus,com cerca de 5 milhões de hectares plantados no Brasil, vem se destacando pelo rápido crescimento e boa adaptação às condições edafo-climáticas brasileiras. Alternativas para incrementar a produtividade,utilizando técnicas que melhorem a absorção de nutrientes e a capacidade da planta de se desenvolver em condições ambientais adversas estão sendo cada vez mais pesquisadas e utilizadas no cenário florestal. O silício tem um papel importante na relação planta-ambiente, pois pode dar às culturas condições para suportar adversidades climáticas, edáficas e biológicas, podendo, sua utilização, reduzir estresses causados por temperaturas extremas, geadas, metais pesados ou tóxicos e também aumentar a resistência a doenças e ao ataque de pragas. Dentro deste contexto, o objetivo deste rabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de diferentes fontes e doses de silício em plantas de Eucalyptus camaldulensis no aumento da resistência ao psilídeo-de-concha Glycaspis brimblecombei. Foram realizados experimentos em viveiro e campo, onde foi avaliado o efeito da aplicação de silício em E. camaldulensis e a capacidade de absorção e translocação por determinadas plantas. Foram testadas como fontes de silício, o silicato de cálcio (CaSiO3) e o silicato de potássio (K2SiO3), utilizando-se três doses (fraca, intermediária e forte) para cada fonte e duas formas de aplicação (via solo e foliar). Os resultados deste trabalho demonstraram que tanto a aplicação via solo como a foliar foram eficientes para o controle de G. brimblecombei. Entretanto, a aplicação via foliar destaca-se por apresentar maior facilidade na aplicação, custo, solubilidade entre outros fatores e por ser mais eficiente em termos de absorção. Quando comparada a forma de aplicação de silício (plantio comercial ou semeadura das plantas) também não foram observadas diferenças significativas, mas a implementação do uso do silício incorporando-o juntamente a adubação padrão é mais viável em relação a diversos fatores (custo, facilidade na aplicação, etc), pois a adubação já é realizada em viveiro e as plantas já seguem para campo mais resistentes. Desta forma, a adubação com silício, pode ser utilizada como uma ferramenta a mais, no manejo da cultura do eucalipto, melhorando assim a sanidade das florestas, diminuindo o uso de pesticidas e consequentemente o nível de dano causado por insetos-praga.
Abstract: The Eucalyptus genus with about 5 milion hectares planted inBrazil, is distinguished by its fast growth and good adaptation to soil and climatic conditions in Brazil. Alternatives to increase productivity, using techniques that improve the absorption of nutrients and plant capacity to develop, under adverse environmental conditions are increasingly being researched and used in the forest scenery. Silicon has an important role in plant-environment relations, it can give the crop to withstand adverse weather conditions, soil and biological adversities, their use can reduce stress caused by extreme temperatures, frosts, heavy metals or toxic and also increase resistance to disease and pest attack. Within this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect os different sources and levels of silicon on Eucalyptus amaldulensis in the induction of resistance to lerp-gum-psilid Glycaspis brimblecombei. Experiements were carried out nursery and field, where evaluated the effect of silicon in E. camaldulensis and absorption capacity of plants. The sources of silicon was calcium silicate (CaSiO3) through soil and potassium silicate (K2SiO3) on the leaves, using three doses (low, intermediate and strong). The survey results showed that both the application to soil as the leaves effctive for the control. However, foliar applicatio stands out due to its greater easy implementation, cost, water solubility and because it is more efficient in terms of absorption. When compared to the form of silicon (fiel or nursery) were not significant differences, but to implement the use of silicon incorporating it alongside the basic fertilization, which is already used by commercial nurseries, is considered the most appropriate feasible. Moreover, there is a reduction in costs to the control of G. brimblecombei, because plants are going to field fertilized with silicon and thus become more resistant to attack by these insects. Thus, fertilizantion with silicon, can be used as another tool in the management of Eucalyptus plantation, there improving the health of forests, reducing pesticide use and therefore the level of damage caused by insect pests.

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Kim, Siti. "The effects of salinity and/or low oxygen on the growth, development and metabolite production of the roots of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Denhn. clones resistant and sensitive to salinity." Thesis, Kim, Siti (1998) The effects of salinity and/or low oxygen on the growth, development and metabolite production of the roots of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Denhn. clones resistant and sensitive to salinity. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 1998. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/32809/.

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This project examined the effects of salinity and/or low oxygen on the roots of four Eucalyptus camaldulensis Denhn (River Red Gum) clones resistant (502 and 507) and sensitive (903 and 907) to salinity. The roots were grown aeroponically, with salt water was discharged from solution pumps, and nitrogen gas was utilised to reduce the oxygen concentration inside the aeroponic boxes. There were two main experiments. First, plants were exposed to: 0, 100, 150 and 200mM NaCL Second, plants were exposed to: i) air with no salt (controls), ii) air with 150mM NaCl, iii) low oxygen with no salt, iv) low oxygen with 150m.M NaCl. After two weeks of treatment, root growth and the lignin deposition from the root apex were recorded. Roots were also sectioned and stained with toluidine blue 0 and aniline blue, quench root autofluorescence and to highlight the Casparian bands in the exodermis and endodermis. The distances from the root apex to the beginning of exodermis and endodermis differentiation were recorded. Metabolite production were also investigated in the roots exposed to salinity and/or low oxygen. In particular, soluble and cell wall• bound (ionic, static and covalent) peroxidase and phenolic biosynthesis were assayed in root tip and lignin samples. The findings in this project showed that the exodermis, endodermis and lignin differentiated significantly (p< 0.05) closer to the root apex with 100, 150 and 200mM compared to the controls, but no significant (p< 0.05) differences were observed during the salt and/or low oxygen treatments. Few significant differences between salt resistant and sensitive clones in root growth and the maturation of exodermis, endodermis and lignin closer to the root apex were recorded. However, the salt resistant clones generally had greater static, ionic and covalent peroxidase activity and phenolic concentrations for the control, salt and/ or low oxygen treatments, which could suggest that peroxidase and phenolic biosynthesis are involved in salt and/or low oxygen tolerance. Interestingly, more soluble than cell wall- bound phenolic compounds were recorded, whilst more cell wall- bound than soluble peroxidase activity was recorded. Salinity significantly (p< 0.05) reduced root growth, induced lignin biosynthesis and depressed metabolite production compared to the control roots, whilst low oxygen had the opposite effect. Thus, plants subjected to both salinity and low oxygen were more affected by salt stress than low oxygen stress.

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Bouderrah, Mohamed. "Comparaison de deux modes de vitropropagation à partir de vitrosemis d'eucalyptus camaldulensis provenance lake albacutya : Micropropagation à partir de bourgeons axillaires, micropropagation à partir de bourgeons adventifs, et étude de la variabilité." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10002.

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Microbouturage à partir de vitrosemis : multiplication par fragmentation-élongation. Multiplication par hyper-ramification de bourgeons adventifs induits par caulogénèse sur des vitroplants. Variabilité clonale au cours des différentes phases de la multiplication par bourgeons adventifs

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Ruwanza, Sheunesu. "Opportunities and contraints in the restoration of riparian ecosystems invaded by alien trees : insights from the Western Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71755.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Invasive alien species are widely considered to be the second most significant threat to biodiversity globally following direct habitat destruction. The invasion of riparian systems worldwide by alien plants has contributed to profound changes in biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. In South Africa, river banks and river beds are amongst the most severely invaded landscapes, with the most damaging invaders, especially in the Fynbos Biome, being trees and shrubs of the Australian genera Acacia and Eucalyptus. Although large-scale management operations are underway to clear invasive trees and restore ecosystems, little is known regarding opportunities and constraints of native species recovery after alien clearing. The core aim of this thesis is to consider whether key aspects of two widely cited restoration models (successional and alternative-state models) are useful for guiding effective management of severely-invaded riparian vegetation. As a study system, I used the Berg River in the Western Cape, South Africa which is severely impacted by invasive trees, especially Eucalyptus camaldulensis. By linking the studies of constraints for restoration and opportunities for native species recovery, the aim was to provide new possibilities for restoration in riparian zones. The thesis starts by examining constraints to restoration following alien invasion, in particular allelopathy which is one of the factors that exacerbate the impacts of Eucalyptus invasion and inhibit recovery of natural vegetation after clearing. I further assess opportunities for both passive (based on the successional model) and active restoration (based on the alternative-state model) following different strategies for removing invasive trees. The aim is to determine the effectiveness of the different models for sustainable, goal-directed management. Finally, I investigate soil-related properties namely water repellency, soil moisture and infiltration that benefit from alien clearing and subsequent recovery of native vegetation. Work on allelopathy as a restoration constrain showed that the presence of E. camaldulensis along the Berg River negatively affects the recovery of native species. Eucalyptus camaldulensis is allelopathic and induces soil water repellency. I recommend the removal of E. camaldulensis from riparian systems as this has the potential to restore soils to a non-allelopathic and non-repellent state that can pave way for native vegetation recovery. Native vegetation recovery showed mixed results. Restoration based on the successional model was generally efficient, whereas restoration based on tenets of the alternative-state model was inefficient mainly due to the several constraints active restoration faced. Native species recovery was successful on both completely cleared and thinned sites that were treated four years ago. Cover of native trees and shrubs was higher in both completely cleared and thinned sites compared to invaded sites, indicating that both methods promote indigenous vegetation recovery and set the ecosystem on a trajectory towards recovery. To improve recovery through thinning, I propose a new four-stage process to guide management in ensuring good recovery of key native species. Numerous challenges associated with active restoration following fell & stack burning and fell & removal were observed on sites that were treated one year ago. Germination of introduced native species was low in both fell & removal and fell & stack burning sites. Secondary invasion of alien herbs and graminoids, dry summer conditions and low seed germination hindered early native species establishment and recovery. Therefore, for active restoration to achieve its goals, effective recruitment and propagation strategies need to be established. Recruitment of native species was non-existent in the sites that were not seeded; this is attributed to the dominance of alien herbaceous species and graminoids and the depletion of native species in the soil seed bank. Reduction of water repellency of soils after removal of the invasive trees is important as it has the potential to affect the success of native vegetation recovery. On sites where native vegetation was recovering well, soil water repellency ranged from moderately repellent in thinned sites to non-repellent in completely cleared sites. Therefore, successful native species recovery has the potential to improve soil-related ecosystem functions, which will possibly help towards restoring indigenous vegetation. I conclude that the invasive alien tree E. camaldulensis negatively affects the native riparian ecosystem and that strategies to remove the species are needed. Recovery of native vegetation composition, structure and ecosystem function depends on the degree of ecosystem degradation and remaining ecosystem resilience. Besides having clear and effective restoration goals, restoration efforts should also develop realistic solutions to overcome numerous challenges and constraints, before any restoration plan is implemented. Successfully restored riparian ecosystems have potential to increase river flow and may lead to increased availability of water to agriculture, recreation, conservation and for domestic use, resulting in significant water security in South Africa. Both the successional model and the alternative-state model emphasize the need to identify restoration constraints. This study identified allelopathy as an important constrain for restoration and recommends measures to address it so as to facilitate restoration. Recovery based on the successional model was more effective than recovery based on the alternative-state model, which faced several constraints. Models of alternative-states incorporate system thresholds and feedbacks that might explain why the degraded system faced recovery challenges and remained resilient to restoration.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Naas habitatverlies word indringer spesies as die grootste bedreiging vir biodiversiteit beskou. Die indringing van riviersisteme wêreldwyd deur uitheemse plante dra by tot groot veranderinge in die biodiversiteit en ekosisteem funksie. In Suid-Afrika, veral in die Fynbos Bioom, is rivieroewers en -beddings van die landskappe wat die meeste ingedring word, meestal deur skadelike indringers soos bome en struike van Australiese genera soos bv. Acacia en Eucalyptus. Alhoewel grootskaalse bestuursoperasies besig is om die indringers te verwyder en ekosisteme te herstel, is min bekend omtrent die geleenthede en beperkinge vir die herstel van inheemse spesies na die verwydering van indringers. Die hoofdoel van hierdie tesis is om die nut te bepaal van die sleutel faktore van twee wyd aangehaalde restorasie modelle (suksessie en alternatiewe-toestand modelle) om die effektiewe bestuur van hewig ingedringde oewers te lei. Die Berg Rivier in die Wes Kaap, Suid-Afrika, is gebruik as studie area. Die Berg Rivier is hewig geimpakteer deur indringers, veral deur Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Die doel was om nuwe geleenthede vir restorasie in rivier areas te voorsien, deur die studies oor beperkinge vir restorasie en geleenthede vir inheemse spesie herstel te verbind. Hierdie tesis begin deur die beperkinge van restorasie na indringing te ondersoek, veral allelopatie wat een van die faktore is wat die impakte van Eucalyptus indringing verhoog en die herstel van natuurlike plantegroei na verwydering van indringer inhibeer. Verder bepaal ek die geleenthede vir beide passiewe (gebaseer op die suksessie model) en aktiewe restorasie (gebaseer op die alternatiewe-toestand model) wat volg op verskillende strategieë van verwydering van indringer bome. Die doel is om die effektiwiteit van die verskillende modelle vir volhoubare, doel georiënteerde bestuur te bepaal. Laastens het ek die grond verwante eienskappe ondersoek naamlik, water terugdrywing, grondvog en infiltrasie wat voordeel trek uit indringer verwydering en die daaropvolgende herstel van inheemse plantegroei. Resultate van allelopatie as ŉ restorasie beperking het getoon dat die teenwoordigheid van E. camaldulensis langs die Berg Rivier die herstel van inheemse spesies negatief beïnvloed. Eucalyptus camaldulensis is allelopaties en gee aanleiding tot grondwater terugdrywing. Ek beveel aan die verwydering van E. camaldulensis vanuit rivier sisteme omdat dit die potensiaal het om grond na nie-allelopatiese en nie-terugdrywende toestand te herstel wat die weg kan baan vir die herstel van inheemse plante groei. Die herstel van inheemse plantegroei het gemengde resultate gewys. Restorasie gebaseer op die suksessie model was oor die algemeen meer doelmatig, teenoor restorasie gebaseer op die idee van ŉ alternatiewe-toestand model, hoofsaaklik as gevolg van verskeie beperkinge wat aktiewe restorasie in die gesig staar. Inheemse spesie herstel was suksesvol op beide die totaal indringer verwyderde en uitgedunde areas, wat vier jaar vantevore behandel is. Dekking van inheemse bome en struike was hoër in beide heeltemal skoongemaakte en uitgedunde areas wanneer die vergelyk word met ingedringde areas. Dit dui daarop dat beide metodes inheemse plantegroei herstel promoveer en die ekosisteem op ŉ baan na herstel plaas. Om herstel deur uitdunning te verbeter stel ek ŉ vier-stadium proses voor om bestuurders te lei vir goeie herstel van sleutel inheemse spesies. Verskeie uitdagings geassosieer met aktiewe restorasie wat volg op val-en-stapel brand en val-en-verwyder is geobserveer in areas wat ŉ jaar van te vore behandel is. Ontkieming van aangeplante inheemse spesies se sade was laag in beide die val-en-verwyder en die val-en-stapel brand areas. Sekondêre indringing van uitheemse kruie en graminoiede, droë somers toestande en lae saad ontkieming hinder die vroeë inheemse spesie vestiging en herstel. Dus, vir aktiewe restorasie om sy doel te bereik moet effektiewe werwing en verspreidings strategieë in plek wees. Daar was geen werwing van inheemse spesies in die areas wat nie gesaai was nie. Dit kan toegeskryf word in die dominansie van uitheemse kruie spesies and graminoiede en die uitputting van inheemse spesies in die grond saadbank. Vermindering van water terugdrywing van grond ná verwydering van indringer bome is belangrik aangesien dit die potensiaal het om die sukses van inheemse plantegroei herstel te affekteer. Die areas waar inheemse plantegroei goed herstel het, het grondwater terugdrywing gevarieer van gemiddeld afstootlik in die uitgedunde areas na nie-afstootlik in die heeltemal skoongemaakte areas. Dus, suksesvolle inheemse spesie herstel het die potensiaal om die grondverwante ekosisteem funksies te verbeter, wat moontlik sal bydra tot die herstel van inheemse plantegroei. Ek kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat die indringer boom E. camaldulensis die inheemse rivier ekosisteem negatief affekteer en dat strategieë om hierdie spesie te verwyder nodig is. Herstel van inheemse plantegroei samestelling, struktuur en ekosisteem funksie hang af van die graad van ekosisteem verval en die oorblywende ekosisteem weerstandigheid. Behalwe die verwyderings en effektiewe restorerings doelwitte, moet restorasie pogings ook realistiese oplossings vir die oorkombaarheid van verskeie uitdagings en beperkinge ontwikkel voor enige restorasie plan geïmplementeer kan word. Suksesvolle herstel van rivier ekosisteme het die potensiaal vir verhoogde rivier vloei en mag moontlik lei tot ŉ verhoogde beskikbaarheid van water vir landbou, ontspanning, natuurbewaring en vir huishoudelike gebruik, en kan dus ŉ beduidende bydrae kan lewer tot water sekuriteit in Suid Afrika. Beide die suksessie model en die alternatiewe-toestand model beklemtoon die noodsaaklikheid om restorasie beperkinge te identifiseer. Hierdie studie identifiseer allelopatie as ŉ belangrike beperking tot restorasie en maak aanbevelings om dit aan te spreek en om restorasie te fasiliteer. Herstel gebaseer op die suksessie model was meer effektief as herstel gebaseer op die alternatiewe-toestand model wat verskeie beperkings in die gesig staar. Die alternatiewe-toestand modelle inkorporeer sisteemdrumpels en terugvoer wat moontlik kan verduidelik waarom gedegradeerde sisteme herstel uitdagings getoon het en weerstandig teenoor restorasie gebly het.

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46

Asfaw, Zebene. "Tree species diversity, topsoil conditions and arbuscular mycorrhizal association in the Sidama traditional agroforestry land use, southern Ethiopia /." Uppsala : Dept. of Forest Management and Products, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. http://epsilon.slu.se/s263-ab.html.

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47

Ferreira, Filho Pedro José 1978. "Estudo de populações do psilídeo-de-concha Glycaspis brimblecombei (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) e de seu parasitóide Psyllaephagus bliteus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) em floresta de Euclyptus camaldulensis por dois métodos de amostragem /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105410.

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Orientador: Carlos Frederico Wilcken
Banca: Wilson Badiali Crocomo
Banca: Luiz Alexandre Nogueira de Sá
Resumo: Os psilídeos são um grupo de pragas amplamente distribuídas, causando perdas consideráveis em sistemas agrícolas e florestais. A recente descoberta da ocorrência do psilídeo-de-concha Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), no Brasil tornou-se um problema de grande importância, por ser específico de Eucalyptus. O parasitóide Psyllaephagus bliteus Riek (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) é indicado como principal agente no controle biológico desta praga. Portanto, para o monitoramento adequado de ambas espécies é necessário um método eficiente de amostragem. Devido a sua importância econômica, esse trabalho objetivou estudar as populações de G. brimblecombei e de P. bliteus em floresta de Eucalyptus camaldulensis por dois métodos de amostragem, utilizando armadilhas amarelas e coleta de folhas para determinação de sua distribuição espacial, flutuação populacional, a relação com fatores meteorológicos (temperatura e precipitação), proporção sexual, e correlacionar os métodos de amostragem com ambas populações. A determinação da distribuição espacial, flutuação populacional, proporção sexual e correlação dos métodos de amostragem (53 armadilhas amarelas e 53 ramos/avaliação) foi realizada em um talhão de 19 ha com E. camaldulensis em Luiz Antônio, SP, com 10 avaliações, entre janeiro e junho de 2005. Concluiu-se que as populações de ambas espécies apresentaram distribuição espacial agregada, possue correlação inversamente proporcional à temperatura, independente do método de amostragem; não foi constatado correlação entre ambas espécies e a precipitação pluviométrica, as armadilhas adesivas amarelas são viáveis como método de amostragem e a proporção sexual (macho : fêmea) foi baixa para populações de G. brimblecombei e alta para populações de P. bliteus, sendo coletados mais fêmeas que machos para ambas espécies, no período avaliado.
Abstract: Psyllids are a widespread group of pests, causing severe damage on agricultural and forestry systems. The recent discovery about occurrence of red gum lerp psyllid Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), in Brazil is nowadays a great problem in Eucalyptus forests, mainly in E. camaldulensis. The psyllid specific parasitic wasp Psyllaephagus bliteus Riek (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is this pest main biological control agent. Thus, the adequate monitoring of both species by a efficient sampling method would facilitate a future decision making. Due to its economic importance, this study aimed to evaluate G. brimblecombei and P. bliteus populations in Eucalyptus camaldulensis plantation by two sampling methods, using yellow traps and foliage samples to determinate their spatial distribution, population fluctuation with weather interactions (temperature and rainfall) and sexual rate and to correlate sampling methods with both populations. The study of the populational fluctuation, the sexual rate, the spatial distribution and correlation sampling methods (53 traps sampled and 53 branches sampled per sampling dates) was carried out on E. camaldulensis plantations in a 19 ha area in Luiz Antônio municipality (SP, Brazil), between January and June, 2005 (10 sampling dates). This research indicated that population of both species noticed special aggregated distribution, inversely proportional correlation subject to temperature. However between sampling methods, there was no correlation between both species with the rainfall, yellow stick traps were useful as sampling methods, sexual rate (male:female) is low to G. brimblecombei populations and high to P. bliteus populations, have been collected more female than male to both species in the evaluated period.
Mestre

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48

Conway, Carol Leza, and n/a. "Oxic and anoxic transformations of leaf derived organic matter in freshwater systems." University of Canberra. Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 2005. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060519.105559.

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In Australia, significant effort goes into reducing the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus entering inland waters from point sources. However, little is known of the extent to which riparian organic matter may act as a source of these nutrients. Also, whilst the relationships between the nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon cycles are broadly known, there is little quantitative data regarding the release of these elements from Australian riparian organic matter and their subsequent microbial mineralisation within aquatic environments. In particular, comparatively little is known of their comparative role in nutrient and organic matter cycling within anoxic zones, and the influence that different riparian organic matter may have on stream water quality. This lack of such data presently hampers the ability of water managers to make educated decisions regarding the management of riparian zones in Australia. In order to improve understanding in this area, a combination of laboratory and in situ experiments were carried out in order to compare the abiotic release and aerobic/ anaerobic mineralisation of leaf derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved nitrate/nitrite (NOx) and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) under different environmental conditions. Four plants common to Australian riparian zones were investigated: two native species, Eucalyptus camaldulensis (gum) and Phragmites australis (common reed), and two exotic species, Salix babylonica (willow) and Lolium multiflorum (rye grass). After 30 days, formaldehyde inhibited 1g willow and rye grass extracts contained the most SRP (0.7 mg/L), whilst gum extracts contained 0.3 mg/L and common reed 0.1 mg/L of SRP.Willow and rye grass abiotically released twice as much NOx than gum and common reed, although concentrations were only between 0.05-0.1 mg/L. Gum and common reed released the most DOC per gram of leaf matter (14 and 12 mmol/g of leaf matter respectively), but based on the initial carbon content of each leaf type, the largest percentage contributor of DOC under abiotic conditions was common reed and rye grass (both 38% mass/mass), with gum (33% mass/mass) and willow (30% mass/mass) being smaller contributors. The most bioavailable DOC was released by rye grass and common reed, with between 83 and 94% of this DOC microbially mineralised after 30 days in oxic conditions. When conditions were not inhibited, microbial growth was evident almost immediately in willow, rye grass and common reed leaf extracts. However, microbial growth was suppressed for the first 48 hours in gum leaf extracts. After this suppression period, the rate of DOC mineralisation was equal in willow and gum leaf extracts (0.1 day-1). Under anoxic conditions, the rate and extent of DOC mineralisation of willow and gum leaves depended on the type of electron acceptor provided. Added nitrate and iron III enhanced the mineralisation of both willow and gum leaves relative to no terminal electron acceptors (from zero to 0.01-0.04 and 0.002- 0.004 moles/day respectively), but added sulphate only enhanced the mineralisation of gum leaves (0.04 moles/day). When no additional electron acceptors were provided, particulate leaf mineralisation was more extensive under oxic than anoxic conditions. However, the mineralisation of leaf derived DOC were the same regardless of oxygen availability, and after 35 days in either condition the percentage of leaf DOC mineralised for each leaf type was of the order common reed > rye grass > willow > gum. All the leaf types tested were able to sustain the caddis fly larvae Triplectides australis under controlled laboratory conditions, and survival rates were high using all four leaf types as a food source. Triplectides australis did not significantly increase the amount of DOC released from each type of leaf matter, but they did consistently increase the proportion of simple carbohydrates present within the DOC fraction. The results of these experiments suggest that changes to riparian vegetation, particularly from the native to exotic species used in this study, will inherently alter in-stream concentrations of dissolved carbon and nutrients (particularly SRP). This potentially will affect in-stream, hyporheic and subsurface processes, particularly in areas where surface water flow is low and riparian leaf inputs are high.

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49

Fathi, Riyad Abdullah. "Étude et sélection de jeunes plants d'eucalyptus tolérants au sel, dans les populations de divers niveaux de variabilité." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10292.

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50

Godinho, Vicente de Paulo Campos. "Fluxos de nitrogenio e potássio em solo arenoso de cerrado, sob Eucalyptus camaldulensís, influenciados pelo modo de aplicação do fertilizante nitrogenado e potássico." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 1996. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/11971.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico
Este trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o crescimento e a absorção de nitrogênio e de potássio em povoamentos de E. camaldulensis, com 13 e 37 meses de idade, cultivados em solo arenoso de cerrado, quando adubados com N e K. A área experimental localiza-se no município de João Pinheiro-MG (l7ºl9'S e 46º07'W. 545 m de altitude), sob o domínio do ecossistema de cerrado. Foram testados três tratamentos: 1) ausência de adubação nitrogenada e potássica; 2) adubação potássica e nitrogenada em linha entre árvores; e 3) adubação nitrogenada e potássica a lanço, em área total. As doses testadas foram de 85 kg.ha-l de N e 70 kg.ha-1 de K. Na instalação e depois aos 34, 68, 102 e l36 dias após a fertilização, foram medidas a circunferência à altura do peito (CAP) e a altura das árvores. Na instalação e após 136 dias, foram coletadas amostras das folhas, dos galhos, das cascas e do lenho, para determinação de peso de matéria seca e teores de N e K. As árvores apresentaram altura média, diâmetro e produção de biomassa maiores no tratamento em que a aplicação dos nutrientes foi feita em linha. As maiores taxas de crescimento, absorção e recuperação de N e K foram observadas no povoamento mais velho, no qual o fertilizante foi aplicado em linha. A fertilização em área total proporcionou um crescimento superior ao da testemunha, para as características avaliadas. Concluiu-se que a aplicação do fertilizante para plantios de eucalipto na região do estudo deve ser efetuada em filete contínuo entre plantas.
This work evaluated the growth, nitrogen absorption, and potassium absorption of 13 and 37 month old Eucalyptus camaldulensis growing in a sandy savanna soil, after receiving N and K fertilizer. The experimental area was located near João Pinheiro-MG, Brasil (17º l9'S and 46º 07'W, altitude = 545 m). Three fertilizer/placement treatments were studied: (1) No fertilization; (2) N and K fertilizer placed in the rows between trees, and (3) N and K fertilizer broadcast over the total area. The fertilizer rates applied were 85 kg.ha-1of N and 70 kg.ha-l of K. Diameter at breast height and tree height were measured at installation and 34, 68, 102 and 136 days later. Biomass and N and K levels in the trees were estimated by sampling leaves, branches, bark and stemwood at the time of installation and 136 days later. The trees showed a positive height, diameter and biomass response when the nutrients were applied in the rows. This fertilizer placement treatment also gave the greatest responses in growth rate and fertilizer recovery when applied to the older trees. The broadcast treatment also gave a significant growth response. It was concluded that fertilization within the rows was the preferable technique to use with eucalyptus when grown in the study area.

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