Journal articles: 'EU Community interest Habitat'

1

Bărbuceanu, Daniela, and Alina Mihaela Truță. "INVERTEBRATES OF CONSERVATIVE INTEREST FROM PLATFORMA COTMEANA, A ROMANIAN NATURAL PROTECTED AREA." Current Trends in Natural Sciences 10, no. 20 (December 31, 2021): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2021.v10i20.003.

Full text

Abstract:

Current work was carried out in a Natura 2000 site of community importance, ROSCI 0354, Platforma Cotmeana, with a surface of 12.529 ha, located in the Central Southern part of Romania in a hilly area. The site is mainly dominated by broadleaf forest, from which 30% consists of beech species, an important habitat component for the studied species. Focal species of this research were: Lucanus cervus (Linnaeus, 1758), Cerambyx cerdo Linnaeus, 1758, and Morimus asper funereus Mulsant, 1862, as listed in the annex of EU Habitat Directive. For each species, numerical abundance, sex ratio, and other aspects of their biology were estimated. Habitat preference and the occurrence of individuals were recorded in order to evaluate their distribution in the site. Future perspectives on the status of the conservation of species in site were assessed by evaluation of human impact activities affecting the quality of their habitat. It was noted that most dominant species is L. cervus with an occurrence of 314 individuals, followed by M. asper funereus with 92 individuals, and C. cerdo with 41 individuals. An exoskeleton of Rosalia alpina (Linnaeus, 1758) was found, fact explained by the limit of species distribution area in the site.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Mugnai, Michele, Clara Frasconi Wendt, Paride Balzani, Giulio Ferretti, Matteo Dal Cin, Alberto Masoni, Filippo Frizzi, et al. "Small-scale drivers on plant and ant diversity in a grassland habitat through a multifaceted approach." PeerJ 9 (December 24, 2021): e12517. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12517.

Full text

Abstract:

Semi-natural grasslands are characterized by high biodiversity and require multifaceted approaches to monitor their biodiversity. Moreover, grasslands comprise a multitude of microhabitats, making the scale of investigation of fundamental importance. Despite their wide distribution, grasslands are highly threatened and are considered of high conservation priority by Directive no. 92/43/EEC. Here, we investigate the effects of small-scale ecological differences between two ecosites present within the EU habitat of Community Interest of semi-natural dry grasslands on calcareous substrates (6210 according to Dir. 92/43/EEC) occurring on a Mediterranean mountain. We measured taxonomic and functional diversity of plant and ant communities, evaluating the differences among the two ecosites, how these differences are influenced by the environment and whether vegetation affects composition of the ant community. Our results show that taxonomic and functional diversity of plant and ant communities are influenced by the environment. While vegetation has no effect on ant communities, we found plant and ant community composition differed across the two ecosites, filtering ant and plant species according to their functional traits, even at a small spatial scale. Our findings imply that small-scale monitoring is needed to effectively conserve priority habitats, especially for those that comprise multiple microhabitats.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Lattanzi, Edda, Eva Del Vico, Roberto Tranquilli, Emmanuele Farris, Michela Marignani, and Leonardo Rosati. "An unknown hotspot of plant diversity in the heart of the Central Apennine: flora and vegetation outline of Mt. Pozzoni-St. Rufo valley (Cittareale, Rieti)." PhytoKeys 178 (May 31, 2021): 111–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.178.62947.

Full text

Abstract:

Surprisingly enough, Italy still has some botanically unexplored areas; among these there are some territories between Lazio, Umbria and Abruzzo not included in any protected area. The study area, ranging for 340 ha, includes the mountainous area of Mt. Pozzoni-Mt. Prato-St. Rufo valley, which forms the upper part of the river Velino basin, located in the territory of the municipality of Cittareale (Rieti, Lazio), at an elevation from 1150 to 1903 m a.s.l. The substrate is mainly made of marly limestone of the Meso-Cenozoic Umbria-Marche sedimentary succession. The climate is Temperate and comprises vegetation belts from the montane to sub-alpine. Land cover is dominated by pastures and deciduous forests, with only a few hay meadows. 794 entities have been detected: 16% are considered rare or very rare for the regional territory with several floristic novelties for the regional flora, 6% of the total was found to be endemic to Italy and only eight taxa were aliens. Four taxa are new for the regional flora of Lazio: Arum cylindraceum, Alopecurus pratensis subsp. pratensis, Hieracium bupleuroides and Trinia glauca subsp. glauca. Forest vegetation is represented by beech forests, while dry grasslands are the most widespread vegetation type. The greatest phytocoenotic diversity was found within the secondary pastures. Particularly interesting is the plant community with Iris marsica, which suggests that limestone mountain ledges can represent a primary habitat for this endemic species of the Central Apennine. The presence of several habitats listed in the EU Habitat Directive indicates how the lack of detailed territorial knowledge can lead to the non-designation of conservation sites in areas of high naturalistic value. These findings showed that botanical explorations in territories which are still not known could contribute significantly to the identification of areas of high interest in conserving plant diversity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Du, Wanlin, Yang Liu, Jinhui Sun, Naicheng Wu, Yongzhan Mai, and Chao Wang. "The aquatic microbial community: a bibliometric analysis of global research trends (1991– 2018)." Fundamental and Applied Limnology / Archiv für Hydrobiologie 194, no. 1 (August 31, 2020): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/fal/2020/1305.

Full text

Abstract:

We performed a bibliometric analysis of relevant research trends, based on academic articles about the aquatic microbial community and recorded in the Web of Science during 1991–2018. The number of publications per annum is clearly rising and began to grow rapidly in 2005. Developed countries (e.g.the USA and some European countries) published the most articles, and led international cooperation. International cooperation benefitted from the implementation of the European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive and from the origination and development of molecular biological techniques. A strong correlation existed among such key words as "bacteria", "DGGE" (Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis), "16S rRNA", "pyrosequencing" and "sediment" as key research directions for many years. Sediment, biofilm and wetland were the main habitats studied; and high-throughput sequencing gradually replaced the traditional DGGE and other technologies, remaining the most popular research method at present. Studies still focus on basic research; interest in microbial community composition, structure, diversity and ecology remains high; and metagenomics and the microbiome have received considerable attention recently. Key words such as "organic matter", "nutrient", "enzyme activity", "nitrification", "denitrification" and "cyanobacteria" indicate current research hotspots, and we suggest this is because increasing attention is paid to environmental protection and management of the water environment by aquatic microorganisms. We predict that future research will promote the ultimate goals of warning about threats to the water environment and restoration by investigating the function of the aquatic microbial community.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Mugnai, Michele, Emilio Corti, Andrea Coppi, Daniele Viciani, and Lorenzo Lazzaro. "Taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of communities hosting Ionopsidium savianum (Brassicaceae) growing on serpentine and limestone substrates." Plant Sociology 59, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/pls2022592/04.

Full text

Abstract:

We analysed two different plant communities hosting Ionopsidium savianum (Brassicaceae), a species of EU interest included in the Habitats Directive 92/43/CEE annexes, for which specific studies on the ecology of communities where the species grows are lacking and more in-depth knowledge is needed. We examined two important sites of occurrence of this species in Tuscany with different soil types, namely limestone (Mt. Calvi) and serpentine (Mt. Pelato), to determine the structural and functional profile of the communities hosting this species in such different contexts. At each site, we surveyed the plant communities with I. savianum in ten 1 m2 quadrats to determine information on communities' species composition and total plant cover, as well as taxonomic (species richness, and Shannon H’ index), phylogenetic (phylogenetic diversity, mean nearest taxon distance and mean pairwise distance) and functional diversity (focusing on Rao’s Q, leaf functional traits and adaptive strategies community weighted mean). We took into account site location, soil type, slope aspect and microrelief as plot-level environmental factors. The two communities were highly diverging from multiple points of view. Differences were in species composition, richness and diversity, with Mt. Calvi hosting higher diversity. The indices of phylogenetic diversity were influenced significantly by site and microrelief, allowing the presence of peculiar niches occupied by the fern Asplenium ceterach. From the functional point of view, communities at Mt. Calvi showed a higher functional diversity and a higher specific leaf area. Plant height was influenced by the slope aspect and was higher on north-facing slopes. In terms of Grime’s adaptive strategies, the Mt. Pelato communities resulted to be more stress tolerant than those surveyed at Mt. Calvi. Here, a decrease in stress-tolerant strategy associated with an increase in ruderal strategy was detected in communities on north-facing slopes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Berkhout, Joost, and David Lowery. "Short-term volatility in the EU interest community." Journal of European Public Policy 18, no. 1 (January 2011): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2011.520868.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

PROOROCU, Marian, and Cristina Maria AVRAM. "Evaluation of Anthropical Pressures on Community Interest Habitats and Species in Natura 2000 Cold Someș." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture 77, no. 1 (May 24, 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:2019.0026.

Full text

Abstract:

The list of habitats of community interest within the Natura 2000 site ROSCI0233, as provided in the Natura 2000 standard, comprises 8 habitats of community interest. Two important activities were carried out: identification and inventory of habitats and species and assessment of negative influences that could affect the natural distribution area, the structure and functions. The assessment of the conservation status has highlighted the existence of significant anthropogenic pressures on some habitats (deforestation, land use change), which led to their unfavorable conservation status (habitat 9410, habitat 91D0*, habitat 91E0*, habitat 9110, habitat 9130).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Davison, Leigh M., and Edmund Fitzpatrick. "An assessment of Community interest, Community dimension and decentralisation in EU competition policy." European Business Review 98, no. 3 (June 1998): 160–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09555349810213230.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Gil Rodríguez, María Candelaria, Marcelino del Arco, Wolfredo Wildpret de la Torre, Carlos L. Hernández González, and Ricardo J. Haroun. "Biological information and comments on Halophila decipiens meadows of the Canary Islands (Hydrocharitaceae, Magnoliophyta)." Vieraea Folia scientiarum biologicarum canariensium 35, Vieraea 35 (2007): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31939/vieraea.2007.35.08.

Full text

Abstract:

Halophila Thouarsis a pantropical genus of small size seagrasses. Halophila decipiens Ostenfeld forms deep-water seagrass beds extending from 15-40 m in the Canarian coasts which constitute the association Halophiletum decipientis Wildpret & M.C. Gil. H. decipiens is a protected species that was considered as a plant of “special interest” by the Canary Islands Endangered Species Catalogue, BOC 2001/ 097, and Halophiletum decipientis was considered by the European Commission, DG Environment, 1999, “Habitat of Community Interest” (No 111022). It shares habitat with Cymodocea nodosa (Ucria) Ascherson, also considered under protection, as “sensitive to habitat disturbance”, BOC 2001 / 097, and the community Cymodocetum nodosae is also “Habitat of Communitarian interest” (No 111021). In this paper the evolution of Halophiletum decipientis in recent years is shown, and the possible threat of the habitat because of the intromission Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea (Sonder) Verlaque, Huisman et Boudouresque, an invasive Australian chlorophyte, is considered.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

MARUȘCA, Teodor, Florin PĂCURAR, Daniyar MEMEDEMIN, Adrian OPREA, Ioana VAIDA, Elena TAULESCU, and Nicoleta NICOLA. "Ecological, Agronomic and Anthropogenic Characterization of the Habitat 62C0* Ponto-Sarmatian Steppes in the North of Dobrogea (Romania)." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture 79, no. 2 (November 20, 2022): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:2022.0027.

Full text

Abstract:

Natural habitat of Community interest 62C0* Ponto-Sarmatian steppes is very important at European level due to its high biodiversity. The aim of the paper is to study the grassland systems within the habitat 62C0* Sarmatic pontoon steps and to characterize them from an ecological and agronomic point of view. The floristic studies were carried out on the permanent grasslands of the biogeographical region ROSCI 0201 North Dobrogean Plateau, which for the most part belong to the Natural Habitat of Community Interest 62C0 * Sarmatian pontoon steps. Following the classifications (cluster) resulted 4 groups such as: type Cynodon dactylon, type Bothriochloa ischaemum - Festuca valesiaca, type Festuca valesiaca and type Festuca valesiaca - Stipa capillata.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Johnson, Luke. "An evaluation, in light of Brexit, of the extent that the EU has been responsible for improving the habitat conservation regime in England and Wales." Student Journal of Professional Practice and Academic Research 3, no. 1 (March 4, 2021): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/sjppar.v3i1.1099.

Full text

Abstract:

Conservation efforts in Britain originated in the nineteenth century; when Wordsworth described the Lake District as “a national property in which every man has a right and interest who has an eye to perceive and a heart to enjoy.” Since, an abundance of national and international legislation has been passed intending to protect the natural environment and the species inside it. This essay will explore the current habitat conservation regime of England and Wales, evaluating the extent to which the European Union has enhanced the current system. In doing so, this paper shall first outline the international framework before analysing the evolution of the current regime of Sites of Special Scientific Interest. I will then evaluate the Natura 2000 network in order to assess the effect that the EU has had on the domestic habitat conservation system. This discussion will ultimately conclude that whilst the EU has had a positive impact, the system is not doomed to fail following Brexit if the UK government avoid the disparagement of conservational measures.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Varricchione, Marco, Valter Di Cecco, Lucia A. Santoianni, Angela Stanisci, Mirko Di Febbraro, Luciano Di Martino, and Maria Laura Carranza. "Diagnostic Species Diversity Pattern Can Provide Key Information on Vegetation Change: An Insight into High Mountain Habitats in Central Apennines." Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens 2, no. 3 (September 3, 2021): 453–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jzbg2030033.

Full text

Abstract:

High mountain ecosystems are hotspots of biodiversity that are highly vulnerable to climate warming and land use change. In Europe, high mountain habitats are included in the EC Directive 92/43/EEC (Habitats Directive) and the identification of practices facilitating effective monitoring is crucial for meeting HD goals. We analyzed the temporal changes in species composition and diversity on high mountain EU habitats and explored if the subgroup of diagnostic species was able to summarize the comprehensive information on plant community variations. We performed a re-visitation study, using a set of 30 georeferenced historical plots newly collected after 20 years on two EU habitats (Galium magellense community growing on screes (8120 EU) and Trifolium thalii community of snowbeds (6170 EU)) in the Maiella National Park (MNP), which is one of the most threatened Mediterranean mountains in Europe. The presence of several endangered species and the availability of a botanical garden, a seed bank, and a nursery, make the MNP an excellent training ground to explore in situ and ex situ conservation strategies. We compared overall and diagnostic species richness patterns over time by rarefaction curves and described the singular aspects of species diversity (e.g., richness, Shannon index, Simpson index, and Berger–Parker index), by Rènyi’s diversity profiles. Diversity values consistently varied over time and across EU habitat types, with increasing values on scree communities and decreasing values on snowbeds. These changes could be associated with both land use change, through the increase of grazing pressure of Apennine chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica ornata), which determined a rise of nitrophilous species in the scree community, and an increase of grasses at the expense of forbs in snowbeds, and to climate change, which promoted a general expansion of thermophilous species. Despite the two opposite, ongoing processes on the two plant communities studied, our results evidenced that diagnostic species and overall species followed the same trend of variation, demonstrating the potential of diagnostics for EU habitat monitoring. Our observations suggested that the re-visitation of historical plots and the implementation of frequent monitoring campaigns on diagnostic species can provide important data on species abundance and distribution patterns in these vulnerable ecosystems, supporting optimized in situ and ex situ conservation actions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Balaguer-Romano, Rodrigo, Prudencio Férnandez-Gonzalez, Antonio Alcaide, Jaime Braschi, and Fernando Vasco-Encuentra. "Short communication: The mosquito yew wood: Survey and analysis of Mediterranean Taxus baccata L. woods (Habitat 9580*)." Forest Systems 31, no. 1 (March 7, 2022): eSC03. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/fs/2022311-18644.

Full text

Abstract:

Aim of study: To survey a yew tree grove and to evaluate its conservation status to ascertain whether its proposal to class it as Habitat 9580* is appropriate. Area of study: Eastern end of Central Mountain Range, Spain. Material and methods: We conducted a field survey collecting data of UTM coordinates, altitude, orientation, companion woody species, height, stem perimeter, sex and browsing evidence. Individuals were classified in four age groups, considering height and stem perimeter: 1) seedling, 2) juvenile, 3), adult and 4) old. Companion species were analysed to assess the presence of habitat 9580* according to the Habitats Directive. Population structural complexity, stability and compactness were analysed to assess the conservation status. Main results: We registered 8,304 yews along with seventeen distinctive accompanying species, thus confirming the presence of priority habitat of community interest 9580* "Mediterranean Taxus baccata woods”. Population analysis leads us to appreciate a favourable conservation status for the whole habitat in the study area. Research highlights: We have described the largest T. baccata grove registered to date in the Central Mountain Range of the Iberian Peninsula. We confirm the presence of priority habitat of community interest 9580* "Mediterranean Taxus baccata woods", being the first description of this habitat in the Community of Madrid. As the study area is located within a Special Area of Conservation (SAC), we propose its inclusion on the SAC habitats list.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Wibowo, Tri Adi, Desy Sasri Untari, and Rohmatul Anwar. "Tingkat Penerimaan Masyarakat Terhadap Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Segar Dengan Habitat Yang Berbeda." Samakia : Jurnal Ilmu Perikanan 12, no. 1 (April 17, 2021): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.35316/jsapi.v12i1.1124.

Full text

Abstract:

Freshwater fish has an important role in fulfilling an affordable source of animal protein, especially for areas that have limited access to fish from sea catches. Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) is one type of freshwater fish that is popular and generally consumed by many people. This study was conducted to determine the effect of community interest in the Kotabumi area, North Lampung Regency on tilapia fish that are maintained in different habitats, namely naturally grown in Lake Ranau, West Lampung Regency, and artificially in the enlargement pond owned by the community in Kotabumi area. Based on the results of the available data, it is concluded that fish habitat has an effect on people's consumption interest. Tilapia fish originating from Lake Ranau are more attractive to the community when compared to local tilapia fish that are kept in community ponds in the Kotabumi area. The organoleptic test value of fresh tilapia originating from Lake Ranau has a higher value of 7,84 ≤ µ ≤ 8,28, compared to tilapia fish from community ponds with a value of 7,52 ≤ µ ≤ 7,55

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Hamra, C., and &. J. J. A. M. Korving. "Beneficial Ownership Interpreted, To What Extent Are the OECD and the EU on the Same Wavelength?" Intertax 49, Issue 3 (March 1, 2021): 254–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2021023.

Full text

Abstract:

The interpretation of the concept of ‘beneficial ownership’ in the field of cross-border taxation is the subject of dispute among the international community. From 1977 onwards, a major question is how beneficial ownership should be defined for tax treaty purposes. After the concept of beneficial ownership was included in the EU’s Interest and Royalties Directives, the same question arose for the interpretation of the concept from an EU perspective. The authors examined both the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and EU concepts separately from a historical and teleological perspective and attempted to find common grounds for interpretation, especially after the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) judgment in the Danish cases. They conclude their research by suggesting potential ways forward for a better alignment of the OECD’s and EU’s interpretation of the beneficial ownership concept. Beneficial ownership, Interest and Royalties Directive, tax treaties, abuse, treaty interpretation, EU, OECD, interest, dividend, royalties.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Xystrakis, Fotios, Minas Chasapis, Eleni Eleftheriadou, Dimitrios Samaras, and Konstantinos Theodoropoulos. "The optimization of typical species inventory of habitat types of a NATURA 2000 site using a phytosociological approach." Plant Sociology 59, no. 2 (October 27, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/pls2022592/01.

Full text

Abstract:

The definition of typical species inventories of the 92/43/EEC Directive habitat types is a valuable information for the optimization of the conservation status assessment. Habitat-specific assessment protocols and predefined local inventories of typical species provide a method for a relatively fast and accurate assessment of the criterion “structures and functions”. Habitat types are often defined and described on the basis of a phytosociological description of vegetation units, mainly at the syntaxonomical level of alliance. Therefore, the definition of typical species inventories can be based on phytosociological approaches. Within this concept we surveyed the vegetation of a NATURA 2000 Special Area of Conservation in northern Greece in order to optimize and downscale the existing region-wide inventories of typical species. In total, we sampled 164 relevés in beech and in thermophilous deciduous broadleaved forests. The relevés were assigned to vegetation units and habitat types using numerical approaches and their differential and constant taxa were defined. We used these taxa to draw up the optimized, site-specific inventories of typical species for seven habitat types of community interest and one habitat type of national interest.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Cano-Ortiz, Ana, Carmelo M. Musarella, Jose C. Piñar Fuentes, Ricardo Quinto Canas, Carlos J. Pinto Gomes, Giovanni Spampinato, Jehad Mahmoud Hussein Ighbareyeh, Sara del Río, and Eusebio Cano. "Forest and Arborescent Scrub Habitats of Special Interest for SCIs in Central Spain." Land 10, no. 2 (February 10, 2021): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020183.

Full text

Abstract:

The habitat of the several territories in Ciudad Real (Castilla-La Mancha, Spain) are studued through the and mapping (scale 1:10.000) and vegetation analysis. The distribution and surface of the habitat presents in the Sites of Community Interest (SCIs), as well as pressures, threats, trends, and state of conservation are described. These site contributes significantly to the maintenance or restoration at a favourable conservation status of a natural habitat type or of a species of community intesess.These specially protected areas are part of the Natura 2000 network. We discuss the diversity of forest habitats characterized by species of the genus Quercus L., focusing only on the plant communities in the Habitats Directive 92/43/EEC of 1992, regarding the conservation of fauna and flora and habitats of interest owing to their endemic or rare character. Habitats and species must be studied in combination to ensure the maximum reliability of the results. We concentrate on habitats with low representation in the territory as a consequence of their rarity or endemicity. We study the following habitats of special interest: 9230—Mediterranean-Ibero-Atlantic and Galaico-Portuguese oak woods of Quercus robur and Quercus pyrenaica; 9240—Iberian oaks of Quercus faginea and Quercus canariensis; 9320—Thermomediterranean forests of Olea and Ceratonia (Iberian Peninsula, Balearic and Canary Islands); 9540—Mediterranean pine forests of endemic Pinus pinaster (Pinus pinaster subsp. acutisquama); 9560—Endemic forests with Juniperus spp.; 5210. Arborescent scrub with Juniperus spp.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Nascmbene, Bruno. "CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS: I. COMMUNITY COURTS IN THE AREA OF JUDICIAL COOPERATION." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 54, no. 2 (April 2005): 489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/lei016.

Full text

Abstract:

A. The area of freedom, security and justice and the role of the Court of JusticeOne of the subjects which has aroused particular interest in the study of the ‘area of freedom, security and justice’ introduced by the Treaty of Amsterdam as an objective of the European Union (EU) inherent in the principle of the free movement of persons (see the preamble to, and Article 2, the Treaty on EU) is the role of the European Court of Justice (Court). The interest is both theoretical and practical, because one of the main issues is the Court's jurisdiction to give preliminary rulings and thus relations between national and Community courts and the protection of the interests of individuals before national courts wherever there is a conflict between national and Community law and thus a question of interpretation of Community law arises in national proceedings. The Treaty of Nice, which came into force on 1 February 2003, altered the jurisdiction and organisation of the Community judicature and therefore affected the ‘area of freedom, security and justice’.1

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Sánchez-Oliver, Juan S., José M. Rey Benayas, and Luis M. Carrascal. "Low effect of young afforestations on bird communities inhabiting heterogeneous Mediterranean cropland." PeerJ 3 (December 7, 2015): e1453. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1453.

Full text

Abstract:

Afforestation programs such as the one promoted by the EU Common Agricultural Policy have spread tree plantations on former cropland. These afforestations attract generalist forest and ubiquitous species but may cause severe damage to open habitat species, especially birds of high conservation value. We investigated the effects of young (<20 yr) tree plantations dominated by pineP. halepensison bird communities inhabiting the adjacent open farmland habitat in central Spain. We hypothesize that pine plantations located at shorter distances from open fields and with larger surface would affect species richness and conservation value of bird communities. Regression models controlling for the influence of land use types around plantations revealed positive effects of higher distance to pine plantation edge on community species richness in winter, and negative effects on an index of conservation concern (SPEC) during the breeding season. However, plantation area did not have any effect on species richness or community conservation value. Our results indicate that the effects of pine afforestation on bird communities inhabiting Mediterranean cropland are diluted by heterogeneous agricultural landscapes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Danci, Oana. "Management of Alluvial Forests Included in Natura 2000 91E0* Habitat Type in Maramureş Mountains Nature Park." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 17, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 163–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/trser-2015-0057.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The Natura 2000 habitat type 91E0* Alluvial forests of Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior (Alno-Padion, Alnion incanae, Salicion albae) include three subtypes of forests. In the Maramureș Mountains Nature Park (MMNP) the alluvial forests are represented by Alnus incana forest situated on the banks of mountain rivers. Starting from 2007, 70% of the MMNP is also a Natura 2000 site of community interest. In the standard form for the site are listed 18 Natura 2000 habitat types, but that of alluvial forests 91E0* is not listed either due to an error or lack of available research data. Our study seeks to provide information regarding this high conservation value habitat such as: structure, distribution,managementmeasures andmonitoring protocol. The purpose of this paper is to offer a management tool for this conservation value habitat which is also exposed to human impact more than any other priority habitat in MMNP.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Dufek, Matias I., Dario D. Larrea, Miryam P. Damborsky, and Pablo R. Mulieri. "The Effect of Anthropization on Sarcophagidae (Diptera: Calyptratae) Community Structure: An Assessment on Different Types of Habitats in the Humid Chaco Ecoregion of Argentina." Journal of Medical Entomology 57, no. 5 (April 20, 2020): 1468–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa071.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Sarcophagidae (Diptera) are of great interest from a veterinary, medical, and forensic viewpoint, and are potential bioindicators for environmental impact assessments. In this study, we evaluated changes in abundance, species richness, and diversity of flesh flies in different habitat types in the Humid Chaco ecoregion of South America: 1) anthropized habitats: urban, cattle farm, and alfalfa crop, and 2) natural habitats: savanna and forest. We hypothesized that sarcophagid fly community parameters are affected by the anthropization and that spatial turnover will contribute more to the overall beta diversity than nestedness between habitats. In each habitat, samplings were conducted monthly from March 2015 to February 2016 in 25 sites, 5 per habitat, totaling 300 independent samples at the end of the study. We collected 5,790 Sarcophagidae (55 species). Community parameters of Sarcophagidae were evaluated and compared. The ecological effects of anthropization and habitat type were observed in the present study. As expected, our results showed the highest abundance, species richness, and diversity in the savanna and forest habitats (natural), whereas the lowest values were registered in the urban and alfalfa crop habitats, supporting the hypotheses of anthropization as the main driver of diversity loss. In addition, sarcophagid assemblages differed between all habitats and the overall dissimilarity was structured by spatial turnover. The main conclusion of this research is that flesh fly community structure is greatly affected by anthropization and habitat type, and this would be related to canopy cover and microclimate conditions of each environment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Strat, Daniela, and Simona Mihăilescu. "Conservation Status of Habitat Types of European Community Interest in the Alpine Biogeographic Region of Romania." Forum geografic XVI, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5775/fg.2017.132.i.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Manyeruke, Charity, and Lawrence Mhandara. "Reflecting on Namibia’s Position in the European Union (EU)-Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) Negotiations and the Lessons for Africa." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 2, no. 4 (November 20, 2012): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v2i4.2731.

Full text

Abstract:

Negotiations for Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) between European Union (EU) and the African Caribbean and Pacific countries (ACP) have been on the spotlight since 2002. The negotiations seek to replace the Lome Conventions which provided for a one way non-reciprocal trading regime between the EU and the ACP countries. The paper examines the position of Namibia in relation to EPAs and the lessons that Africa can derive from Namibia’s stance. Namibia which is negotiating under the Southern African Development Community (SADC) has declined to sign the Interim Partnership Agreements, besides initialing them in 2007, arguing that EPAs are not consistent with the objective of advancing African economies into competitive outfits in the global economy. Some of the sticking issues that need to be addressed concern EU’s demand for trade liberalization and a near elimination of import duty on all EU products to ACP zone. The paper argues that the major lessons for Africa are that EPA negotiations are much a political activity in as much as they involve the advancement of collective national interest by the EU. The paper therefore implores African countries to safeguard both political and economic interest in the process in the same manner as their EU counterparts are doing. Again, the paper exhorts Africa to negotiate from a position of strength and refuse to give in to unfair trade terms given the evident competition that is looming between the West and the East to partner Africa in development matters.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Lähdesmäki, Tuuli. "Founding myths of EU Europe and the workings of power in the EU heritage and history initiatives." European Journal of Cultural Studies 22, no. 5-6 (February 23, 2018): 781–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367549418755921.

Full text

Abstract:

Along with the European Union’s (EU) increased interest in a common European culture and past, narration as a means to create and communicate about them has gained new momentum. By applying the Discourse-Mythological Approach, I explore how the EU narrates the story of the origins of EU Europe in two recent EU heritage/history initiatives. The analysis brought out three storylines in the mythmaking of EU Europe. While the first storyline emphasizes temporal continuity, shared cultural roots, and preservation and transmission of a common legacy, the second focuses on the idea of a break and a rebirth of a civic/political community. The third storyline highlighting founding figures and key heroes functions as a mediator between these two narratives. The founding myths seek to justify the political aims of the EU, that is, strengthening European unification and multilevel integration, and presenting these aims as choiceless and morally and ethically legitimated.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Poprach, Karel, and Jana Vrbková. "Dominance and Diversity of Bird Community in Floodplain Forest Ecosystem." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 63, no. 3 (2015): 825–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201563030825.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper is aimed to assessment of diversity and structure of bird community in floodplain forest ecosystem. Authors present results of analyses data on bird communities obtained at two transects in the Litovelské Pomoraví Protected Landscape Area (Czech Republic) in the period 1998–2012. Research of bird communities was carried out using the point-count method. The article deals with qualitative and quantitative representation of breeding bird species, including their relation to habitat type (closed floodplain forest, ecotone). Altogether 63 breeding species were recorded at the Vrapač transect and 67 at the Litovelské luhy transect, respectively. To be able to detect all recorded species, 11 out of 14 years of monitoring were needed at the Vrapač transect and all 8 years of monitoring at the Litovelské luhy transect, respectively. Authors show that the values in dominant bird species change significantly among the particular census dates within one season, mainly with respect to their activity and detectability. Results are discussed in the frame of sustainable forest management in floodplain forest ecosystems. The presented article can promote to discussion aimed to management strategy for floodplain forest ecosystems, which ranks among natural habitat types of Community interest protected under the Natura 2000 European network.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

DeBok, Caspar, and Norbert Steinhaus. "Breaking Out of the Local: International dimensions of science shops." Gateways: International Journal of Community Research and Engagement 1 (September 29, 2008): 165–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ijcre.v1i0.888.

Full text

Abstract:

In this article we want to give an overview of the international dimension and the interest of the European Union (EU) in the concept of Science Shops. The European Commission (EC) manages the day-to-day business by initiating and implementing EU policies and spending EU funds. The EC support for Science Shops has been an important factor for the international interest and progress of the Science Shop movement. This article will not give detailed information about daily routines of a Science Shop. Detailed information about the Science Shop concept can be found at the Living Knowledge website (www.livingknowledge.org). Living Knowledge represents the international Science Shop Network. In this article international developments of the Science Shop Network, like the project TRAMS, and Science Shop backgrounds will be linked with past and new EU policies like the EU 7th Framework Programme for Research. It shows how community-based research does not only have a local dimension. The international Science Shop activities show the strengths of international cooperation to break out of the local and to bring local issues on the international agenda. Detailed information about the Science Shop concept and daily routines of a Science Shop can be found at the Living Knowledge website (www.livingknowledge.org), e.g. at the FAQ section and in the toolbox.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Mandel, Lauren, Emily McCoy, and Toby Liss. "REFERENCE COMMUNITY: ADAPTING NATIVE PLANTS TO NORTH AMERICAN GREEN ROOFS." Journal of Green Building 11, no. 4 (September 2016): 15–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.11.4.15.1.

Full text

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION The North American design community typically regards green roofs as inhospitable environments for native plants due to the infrastructure's characteristic thin soils, low organic matter, temperature fluctuations, and wind exposure. Consequently, green roofs are often planted with an industry-standard palette of non-native Sedum and Phedimus species that are adept at withstanding stress, but lack biodiversity and visual interest, and offer little food or shelter to native birds and insects. Regionally specific reference plant communities that thrive in similarly harsh growing conditions can positively influence green roof design throughout North America, and consequently provide ecosystem services, contribute to habitat conservation, and increase human exposure to the beauty and benefits of native plants.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Dostál, Petr. "EU enlargement and the public opinion on the Czech Republic: an explanatory analysis." Geografie 107, no. 2 (2002): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie2002107020121.

Full text

Abstract:

The article provides an analysis of the public opinion in EU countries on the anticipated Czech membership. Public opinion and mass interest articulations are central to studies on European integration. Macro-geographical structure of the EU and its enlarged periphery of associated countries is examined in order to derive basic explanatory assumptions. The differentiation in the support for the Czech membership is explained with the help of structural variables and public opinion variables. Statistical analysis (LISREL model) shows the importance of post-materialist value orientation of the EU populations for their support given to the enlargement with the Czech Republic. The public in rich and large countries and in French-speaking parts of the EU tends to give less support for the Czech accession indicating that a strong integrative sense of a larger European community still has to emerge.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Kazantsev, Andrey, and Richard Sakwa. "New ‘dividing lines’ in Europe: A crisis of trust in European–Russian relations." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 45, no. 3-4 (August 4, 2012): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2012.07.003.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper presents the materials of the special issue “Institutions, Networks and Trust in European–Russian relations” offering various interdisciplinary perspectives on EU–Russia relations. The positions of the authors of the special edition are analysed in the context of both Western and Russian literature on EU–Russia relations. This analysis is conducted within the framework of close to Constructivism “security community” approach that stresses the role of common interests, shared values, communications, interpersonal contacts and trust in overcoming conflicts. In this context, the emergence of new ‘dividing lines’ in Europe is considered as the result of crisis of trust and institutional crisis in EU– Russia relations. From this point of view the recent literature on the roots of European–Russian conflict, on connections between Russian domestic and foreign policy, on value-interest dilemma in Western–Russian relations, on the new Cold War/Cold Peace theory, on the structure of EU policy towards Russia and internal splits inside EU is reviewed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Connor, Stephanie J., Alexa C. Alexander-Trusiak, and Donald J. Baird. "Vulnerability of diatom communities in the Peace–Athabasca Delta to environmental change." PeerJ 6 (August 9, 2018): e5447. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5447.

Full text

Abstract:

Habitat degradation associated with resource development is a major ecological concern, particularly in Canada’s boreal zone where limited information on biodiversity is available. Habitat degradation can lead to reductions in biodiversity and ecosystem function, especially when drivers of variability and diversity patterns have not been identified for a region of interest. In this study, the distribution of diatom genera in the Peace–Athabasca Delta in northeastern Alberta was examined in relation to seasonal, geographic, and alkalinity gradients. Grab samples of six abiotic variables (total dissolved nitrogen, total dissolved phosphorus, dissolved iron, turbidity, pH, and specific conductance (SPC)) were taken from 12 remote wetlands over three sampling periods, and regressed against an ordination of diatom community composition to identify key environmental drivers of diatom community variation. Indirect gradient analysis identified two major gradients among sites. First, separation of sites among sampling periods showed successional seasonal changes in diatom community composition. Second, separation of sites from the Peace sub-delta and Birch sub-delta showed a gradient of geographic separation. Direct gradient analysis failed to explain the underlying drivers of these two gradients, but did show that alkalinity is a key driver of diatom community composition in the Embarras sub-delta, and that these sites could be particularly vulnerable to community changes associated with acidification.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Liu, Shuangshuang, Qipeng Liao, Mingzhu Xiao, Dengyue Zhao, and Chunbo Huang. "Spatial and Temporal Variations of Habitat Quality and Its Response of Landscape Dynamic in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 6 (March 17, 2022): 3594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063594.

Full text

Abstract:

Habitat quality is an important indicator for assessing biodiversity and is critical to ecosystem processes. With urban development and construction in developing countries, habitat quality is increasingly influenced by landscape pattern changes. This has made habitat conservation to be an increasingly urgent issue. Despite the growing interest in this issue, studies that reveal the role of land use change in habitat degradation at multiple scales are still lacking. Therefore, we analyzed the spatial and temporal variations of habitat quality of the Three Gorges Reservoir area by the InVEST habitat quality model and demonstrated the responses of habitat quality to various landscape dynamics by correspondence analysis. The result showed that the habitat quality score of this area increased from 0.685 in 2000 to 0.739 in 2015 and presented a significant spatial heterogeneity. Habitat quality was significantly higher in the northeastern and southwestern parts of the reservoir area than in other regions. Meanwhile, habitat quality improved with altitude and slope, and increased for all altitude and slope zones. The habitat quality of >1000 m and >25° zone exceeds 0.8, while the habitat quality of <500 m and <15° zone is less than 0.6. Habitat quality significantly varied among landscape dynamics and was extremely sensitive to vegetation recovery and urban expansion. The vegetation restoration model of returning farmland to forest is difficult to sustain, so we suggest changing the vegetation recovery model to constructing complex vegetation community. This study helps us to better understand the effects of landscape pattern changes on habitat quality and can provide a scientific basis for formulating regional ecological conservation policies and sustainable use of land resources.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Panara, Carlo. "The German Länder in the Process of European Integration between Föderalismusreform and Reform Treaty." European Public Law 14, Issue 4 (November 1, 2008): 585–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/euro2008039.

Full text

Abstract:

The recent reform of the German federal system in 2006 and the ongoing reform of the EU both arouse a new interest in the rights of the German Länder in EU decision–making. The article addresses four issues. First, how the transfer of powers of the Länder to the EU takes place. Second, the forms of direct and indirect participation of the Länder in EU decision–making. Third, the judicial defence of the Länder competences at both national and European level against invasions by the European Community (EC).Finally, the fulfilment of EU obligations in the internal sphere. It is submitted that a relevant loss of competences by the Länder is unavoidable in the context of the European integration, whose focus is on the Member States. Such a loss of competences cannot be fully compensated by the participation rights conferred on the Länder. Nonetheless,such participation rights are to be regarded as an essential element in order to remedy the EU democratic deficit and to preserve the federal structure of Germany.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Velics, Gabriella, and Urszula Doliwa. "Voice of the Church: A Debate about Religious Radio Stations as Community Broadcasters." Media and Communication 3, no. 4 (December 29, 2015): 76–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v3i4.344.

Full text

Abstract:

In the Declaration of the Committee of Ministers on the role of community media in promoting social cohesion and intercultural dialogue passed on 11 February 2009 by the Council of Europe, stations run by religious institutions were explicitly excluded from the community media definition, as being too dependent on the Church. But the reality seems to be far from this definition. In practice, in many countries the religious radio stations officially belong to—or even dominate—this sector. In 2011 a new period began for community broadcasting in Hungary. While most of the former community media broadcasters could not find resources with which to operate, the community media landscape was dramatically overwhelmed by religious broadcasters both on regional and local levels. The legally-recognised third tier of broadcasting in Poland called ‘social broadcasting’ is actively and exclusively used by religious radio—seven stations broadcast locally and one is a powerful nationwide radio station called Radio Maryja. The authors gathered information and points of views from radio experts, organizations and activists living and working in different EU and non-EU states about the place of religious broadcasting in the community media sector. Two case-studies (Hungary and Poland) may be of interest for countries considering the introduction or reorganisation of regulations regarding community broadcasting.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Golovina, Svetlana G., Andrey L. Poltarykhin, Vyacheslav A. Kozlov, Kulyanda K. Nurasheva, and Zhannat M. Seisenbayeva. "EU COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY: ORGANIZATIONAL FEATURES, KEY PRIORITIES." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 10/2, no. 130 (2022): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2022.10.02.005.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this article is to summarize the results of a study aimed at identifying those features of the organization of the Unified Agricultural Policy of the EU (CAP), which, firstly, are of interest for the development of a similar policy for supporting rural areas in the Russian Federation, and secondly, are consistent with the domestic conditions of the rural economy, rural traditions, vectors of sustainable development, specified by society and the state. The research base obtained during the study of legislative documents of the European Parliament and the Council of the EU, Eurostat statistical information, reporting materials of the European Fund for Rural Development, made it possible (through the use of a discursive analysis method) to offer the scientific community a number of theoretical generalizations and applied recommendations that are of scientific and practical importance for the incorporation of certain aspects of international experience into the domestic institutional environment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Papatheologou, Vasiliki. "European Union’s Asia Policy in the Context of Normative Connectivity." Advances in Social Science and Culture 1, no. 2 (November 23, 2019): p234. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/assc.v1n2p234.

Full text

Abstract:

Asia is a region of vital interest for the European Union (EU) in economic and in security sector. The European Union (EU) Asia policy focuses on strengthening the economic relations with the Asian Partners. European Union’s Asia strategy towards can be interpreted as a balanced pursuit of strengthened political, economic cooperation and rules based connectivity with Asia. The European Union has to reinforce the mechanism in decision making with regards to the adoption of consistent strategy towards Asia. The European Union (EU) is a norm entrepreneur and exporter in such a way as the application of the norms with the international community is considered to be necessary for global governance under the spirit of inter-regionalism. The European Union is a model of regionalization in Asia and a model for promoting “normative multilateralism”.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Fernández, Susana Aguilar. "Convergence in Environmental Policy? The Resilience of National Institutional Designs in Spain and Germany." Journal of Public Policy 14, no. 1 (January 1994): 39–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x00001240.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTThis article unveils the resilience of national institutional designs in the process of European unification; more specifically, the article stands out the pervasiveness of the pattern of relationship between government and industry in the environmental policy of two countries: Spain and Germany. Although the European Union (EU) is increasingly influential in environmental policy, these designs have only recently undergone slight changes. This can be explained not only by the lesser importance that the EU has heretofore attached to the connection between the systems of interest intermediation and the fulfilment of Community policy goals, but by the strength of the historical arrangements and cultural traditions at the national level.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Cismaş, Cristina, Doru Bănăduc, and Angela Curtean-Bănăduc. "Diversion of Fishing Pressure on the Economically Important Species Barbus barbus (Linnaeus, 1758) to Protect the Community Interest Congeneric Barbus meridionalis Risso 1826, Based on a Decision-Support Management System." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 20, no. 2 (February 1, 2018): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/trser-2018-0013.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The ADONIS:CE instrument has been used in the field of congeners species, Barbus barbus – of economic interest and Barbus meridionalis – of conservation interest, to build a support-system model for management decision-making. Analysis of the habitat needs and the indicators for favorable conservation status have identified pressures and threats to these fish species for which management actions have been proposed. This management system favors the decrease of fishing pressure on Barbus meridionalis species by its transfer to Barbus barbus species.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Kanol, Direnc, and Muesser Nat. "Group Type and Social Media Engagement Strategies in the EU: The Case of British Interest Groups on Facebook." Journal of Public and Nonprofit Affairs 7, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 205–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20899/jpna.7.2.205-219.

Full text

Abstract:

Although interest group strategies have been studied by a number of authors who compare different types of groups, our knowledge about how these different types of groups differ in the way they use social media as a strategy to realise their goals is limited. In this paper, we use the hierarchy of engagement model and investigate how British public interest groups and sectional groups, which are active at the European Union (EU) level, engage with the public on Facebook. Compared with information and community-type posts, action-type posts can attract more attention on social media. Public interest groups can use action-type messages as a tool for attracting public attention, thus, alleviating their relative disadvantage in attracting and maintaining members. Results show that the use of action-type messages are significantly higher for public interest groups.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Morella, Norma M., Francis Cheng-Hsuan Weng, Pierre M. Joubert, C. Jessica E. Metcalf, Steven Lindow, and Britt Koskella. "Successive passaging of a plant-associated microbiome reveals robust habitat and host genotype-dependent selection." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 2 (December 5, 2019): 1148–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1908600116.

Full text

Abstract:

There is increasing interest in the plant microbiome as it relates to both plant health and agricultural sustainability. One key unanswered question is whether we can select for a plant microbiome that is robust after colonization of target hosts. We used a successive passaging experiment to address this question by selecting upon the tomato phyllosphere microbiome. Beginning with a diverse microbial community generated from field-grown tomato plants, we inoculated replicate plants across 5 plant genotypes for 4 45-d passages, sequencing the microbial community at each passage. We observed consistent shifts in both the bacterial (16S amplicon sequencing) and fungal (internal transcribed spacer region amplicon sequencing) communities across replicate lines over time, as well as a general loss of diversity over the course of the experiment, suggesting that much of the naturally observed microbial community in the phyllosphere is likely transient or poorly adapted within the experimental setting. We found that both host genotype and environment shape microbial composition, but the relative importance of genotype declines through time. Furthermore, using a community coalescence experiment, we found that the bacterial community from the end of the experiment was robust to invasion by the starting bacterial community. These results highlight that selecting for a stable microbiome that is well adapted to a particular host environment is indeed possible, emphasizing the great potential of this approach in agriculture and beyond. In light of the consistent response of the microbiome to selection in the absence of reciprocal host evolution (coevolution) described here, future studies should address how such adaptation influences host health.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Kraus, Katinka. "Building a European Community: social service provision between inclusion and economic interests." Zeitschrift für öffentliche und gemeinwirtschaftliche Unternehmen 43, no. 3 (2020): 406–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0344-9777-2020-3-406.

Full text

Abstract:

Inclusion and the associated provision of social services is a central fundamental right in the European Union. Social services of general interest are based on the principles of an inclusive welfare state enshrined in EU primary law. However, the European Commission tends to interpret these social services rather economically. This paper shows that the way in which these services are provided in the Member States is decisive for the categorization of an economic or non-economic activity by the European Commission. Whether social services are to be classified as being related to economic activities and, therefore, subject to the competition and internal market rules depends on their organization and structure.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

LAIOLO, PAOLA, and JOSÉ L. TELLA. "Fate of unproductive and unattractive habitats: recent changes in Iberian steppes and their effects on endangered avifauna." Environmental Conservation 33, no. 3 (August 8, 2006): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892906003146.

Full text

Abstract:

Steppe ecosystems worldwide are affected by agricultural development and generally unprotected. Spanish shrub-steppes contain endangered avifauna, and this paper analyses their state of habitat conservation, the changes that have occurred in the last decade, primary productivity and its relationship with land exploitation and the richness of threatened birds, and avifauna responses to habitat loss. Fifty steppe remnants distributed throughout Spain and inhabited by Dupont's lark Chersophilus duponti, an endangered passerine representative of shrub steppe-like habitat, were studied. The study fragments were generally affected by agriculture exploitation, and steppe cover had significantly decreased in several isolated patches during the period 1991–1999. Steppe habitat recovered slightly in areas with low plant productivity indices, and decreased in extent in the most productive areas, in line with EU (European Union) agricultural policy recommendations to abandon marginal land of low productivity. The low overall primary productivity of Iberian steppes opened the way to industrial activities (mining, waste collection and wind-farming), which in the study areas occurred more frequently in steppe than in other habitat types that are more attractive to the public (woodland) or more productive (farmland). The emerging wind industry little affected the study plots, but the presence of anemometers suggests that the impact is likely to increase in the near future, especially in the largest steppelands. Dupont's lark was sensitive to the fragmentation of its habitat; crowding occurred in isolated and small fragments, possibly as a consequence of habitat constraints and species dispersal dynamics. Fragments inhabited by Dupont's lark also hosted other steppe birds with a high conservation value; the community of endangered birds, mostly adapted to arid conditions, was richest in the less productive sites. Only four shrub-steppe fragments are given some kind of protection throughout Spain, testifying to the limited public awareness about the value of this habitat. Urgent action is required to restore this habitat through abandonment of less productive farmland, and to create a network of protected and connected steppelands, in order to assure the long-term viability of steppe specialists and the preservation of a habitat that is unique in Western Europe. This should be coupled to an effort to increase social consciousness of the ecological value of steppes and arid landscapes in general.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Chaban, Natalia, and Marco Kauffmann. "‘East is East, and West is West’: A Survey of EU Images in Japan’s Public Discourses." European Foreign Affairs Review 12, Issue 3 (August 1, 2007): 363–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2007031.

Full text

Abstract:

The world’s leading economy, the EU, is emerging as an influential political power on the world stage. In particular, the EU’s steady and profitable trade relations with Asia are being balanced increasingly with the growing political involvement of the EU in Asia. In this context, the EU’s relations with the most powerful players in the Asian region (Japan specifically) is of a paramount interest to the political practitioners and scholars. This paper aims to provide a systematic account for the perceptions and images of the EU existing in Japan’s public discourses of news media, national policy- and decision-makers, the business community and civil society. The reputable Japanese news media are found to portray the EU using neutral-to-positive assessments depicting it as a similarly thinking international partner, an important economic counterpart and a model to be critically considered for replication. Yet, the study argues a split in perceptions of the EU between Japan’s political and business elites on the one hand, and the general public and civil society sector on the other, with the EU consistently ‘slipping off the radars’ of the latter.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Cismaş, Cristina, Doru Bănăduc, Voicu Răzvan, and Curtean-Bănăduc Angela. "Cottus gobio Linnaeus, 1758 Community Interest Species Conservation in Upper Târnava Mare River Basin, Through Fish Populations Rehabilitation for Brown Trout Zone Based on a Decision-Support Management System." Management of Sustainable Development 9, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/msd-2017-0015.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The ADONIS: CE software has been used for two fish species, Cottus gobio, of conservation interest and Salmo trutta fario, of economic interest, to design an on-site (upper Târnava Mare River) adapted support-system model for management decision-making. Habitat needs and indicators of favourable conservation status have been investigated, pressures and threats to these fish species have been determined, and management elements have been suggested. This management system allows the proper organization of management measures for the renaturation of the local natural fish associations in the local brown trout zone.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Hidalgo-Triana, Noelia, Federico Casimiro-Soriguer Solanas, Andros Solakis Tena, David Manteca-Bautista, Antonio Picornell, José García-Sánchez, Teresa Navarro, and Andrés V. Pérez-Latorre. "Assessment Protocol to Evaluate the Degree of Conservation of Habitats of Community Interest: A Case Study for the 5220* HCI in the Westernmost Localities of Europe." Land 12, no. 1 (January 6, 2023): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12010190.

Full text

Abstract:

The westernmost European nucleus of the 5220* Habitat of Community Interest (HCI) is located in the province of Málaga (Andalusia). In this area, the 5220* HCI is characterized by the presence of scrublands of Gymnosporia senegalensis subsp. europaea. This is a relict species in Europe, with inhabits only in the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula. The westernmost Iberian nuclei of the 5220* HCI are constituted by three isolated nuclei (Málaga–Rincón de la Victoria; Torremolinos; and Pizarra). These nuclei have been only partially mapped. The objectives were: to map the 5220* HCI characterized by G. senegalensis subsp. europaea in detail; to evaluate its degree of conservation (DC); and to identify the chronosequences of the evolution of this habitat from 1957 to 2021, and its fragmentation. Our results have contributed to generating a 1:10,000 scale cartography of the habitat. In general, the DC obtained was from good to excellent. With an excellent DC value, one inland locality (Pizarra) was highlighted. However, the highest reduction in the value of DC was observed in the localities of Torremolinos and Málaga–Rincón de la Victoria which, in addition, have reduced the area of occupancy (AOO) and are fragmented. It is important to note that some areas of Málaga–Rincón de la Victoria reached excellent values of DC, indicating the need to carry out protection.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Akgün, İsmail Hakan. "Investigating Prospective Social Studies Teachers’ Perceptions of European Union through Metaphor Analysis." Journal of Education and Training Studies 5, no. 3 (January 16, 2017): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v5i3.2161.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to investigate metaphors developed by social studies teacher candidates about the European Union. 185 second, third and fourth year social studies teacher candidates participated in the study. This study was designed as a phenomenological study and matephor analysis was conducted. At the end of the study, the students developed 168 metaphors about the European Union. The metaphors developed by the students were grouped into 4 categories after coding and extracting phases. The categories were (1) a religious community, (2) a seemingly powerful but decadent formation, (3) a powerful formation and (4) does anything for its own interest. It was determined in the study that the students perceived the EU mostly as a powerful formation (36.14%), followed by a religious community (34.33%), does anything for its own interest (20.48%) and a seemingly powerful but decadent formation (8.43%).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Dragomir, Elena. "Lithuanian public opinion and the EU membership." Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 2, no. 2 (December 15, 2010): 295–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/rjbns.v2i2_9.

Full text

Abstract:

During the early 1990s, following the restoration of independence, Lithuania reoriented in terms of foreign policy towards West. One of the state’s main foreign policy goals became the accession to the EU and NATO. Acknowledging that the ‘opinion of the people’ is a crucial factor in today’s democracy as it is important and necessary for politicians to know and take into consideration the ‘public opinion’, that is the opinion of the people they represent, this paper brings into attention the public support for the political pro-West project. The paper is structured in two main parts. The first one presents in short the politicians’ discourse regarding Lithuania’s accession to the EU and its general ‘returning to Europe’, in the general context of the state’s new foreign policy, while the second part presents the results of different public opinion surveys regarding the same issue. Comparing these two sides, in the end, the paper provides the answer that the Lithuanian people backed the political elites in their European projects. Although, the paper does not represent a breakthrough for the scientific community, its findings could be of interest for those less familiarized with the Lithuanian post-Cold War history, and especially for the Romanian public to whom this journal mainly addresses.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Albuquerque, Nadia, and Manuel Correia Guedes. "Cities without slums and the right to the city: slums in Subsaharan Africa." Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability 6 (2021): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rees/2021022.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper discusses the issues unravelled by The UN's Cities without Slums Campaign which has been inappropriately communicated across Africa as a project to eradicate slums. Focusing on the Sub Saharan capital of Angola, Luanda. The theme equally explores the 3S's concept in Architecture − Social, Sustainable and Standard solutions − aiming to develop a Social Housing Program, called MUSSUS, in the context of UN-HABITAT and Proficient-EU concepts of slum-upgrading, including bioclimatic design and communal work. The concept of ZEB house is also introduced, including renewable energy systems, and passive design techniques. Mass-construction of houses is achieved, by modular standardisation, but providing adaptability to each family' needs. The main goal is to provide the community with the tools to change their environment, significantly improving quality of life.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Pavon, Daniel, Henri Michaud, Errol Vela, and Jean-Marc Tison. "Orobanche staehelinae (Orobanchaceae), a new species from southeast France." Phytotaxa 207, no. 1 (May 5, 2015): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.207.1.4.

Full text

Abstract:

A new species of Orobanche was discovered in the Calanques National Park near Marseille, where it seems to be endemic. Its exclusive host, Staehelina dubia (Asteraceae), was never mentioned before as a host for Orobanchaceae. The new species is described here and named Orobanche staehelinae. The diagnostic characters are given in comparison with possible related species (O. kochii, O. leptantha, O. loscosii, O. canescens and O. santolinae). Its peculiar ecology (thermophilous screes, habitat of community interest) and conservation status (endangered, IUCN red list category) are presented.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Karpowicz, Andrzej. "Why the EU-15 Maintains Higher CIT Rates than the New Member States?" International Journal of Management and Economics 42, no. 1 (November 20, 2014): 98–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2014-0045.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The European Union is not a homogenous area. This lack of homogeneity extends to taxes, which vary across jurisdictions. On average, Western Europe imposes significantly higher taxes on capital than New Member States, which joined the Community in 2004 and 2007. Often this fact is simply taken for granted. However, there are several arguments that can explain this variance. Although several of these arguments are well known and have been researched, they have not been assessed in combination, or used in a comparative analysis of corporate income tax (CIT) rates between EU member states. Because of interest in harmonizing CIT throughout the EU, the roots of divergent CIT is of particular and timely value. Therefore, this article we attempts to demonstrate the differences in CIT rates in the EU-15 and New Member States. In so doing the general characteristics of these country grouping is identified, and then discussed in the context of the taxation theory.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Weithmann, Sandra, Jonas Kuppler, Gregor Degasperi, Sandra Steiger, Manfred Ayasse, and Christian von Hoermann. "Local and Landscape Effects on Carrion-Associated Rove Beetle (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) Communities in German Forests." Insects 11, no. 12 (November 24, 2020): 828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11120828.

Full text

Abstract:

Intensification of anthropogenic land use is a major threat to biodiversity and thus to essential ecosystem services provided by insects. Rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), which react sensitively to habitat changes, are species-rich colonizers of vertebrate cadavers and contribute to the important ecosystem service of carrion decomposition. The unveiling of anthropogenic and environmental drivers that modify carrion-associated rove beetle communities should improve our understanding of the plasticity of cadaver decay. We report the presence of 80 rove beetle species on 65 decomposing piglet cadavers at forest sites characterized by a gradient of management intensity across three geographic regions in Germany. Local and landscape drivers were revealed that shape beetle abundance, diversity, and community composition. Forest management and regions affect rove beetle abundance, whereas diversity is influenced by local habitat parameters (soil pH, litter cover) and regions. The community composition of rove beetles changes with management intensification by promoting generalist species. Regarding single species, Philonthus decorus and Anotylus mutator are linked to unmanaged forests and Ontholestes tessellatus to highly used forest stands. The spatial information provided about carrion-associated rove beetle communities in German forests is not only of carrion-ecological but also of forensic entomological interest.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'EU Community interest Habitat'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles