Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Études africaines – France – 1945-'
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Sibeud, Emmanuelle. "La construction des savoirs africanistes en France, 1878-1930." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0089.
Sanders, Allison. "Situations of the French Study of Africa from 1945 to 1980 : Spaces, Institutions, and Figures." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023EHES0083.
This thesis examines French study of Africa through a key period in its history, between 1945 to 1980, which witnesses the emergence of “études africaines”, a modern area study that developed after the Second World War replacing “africanisme”, a type of knowledge production linked to the colonial period. This process is inextricably linked to the African context, which played a major role in the transformation of the disciplines of the social sciences. The thesis examines specifically the experiences of French researchers and institutions in Africa, and how these explain much of the unique character of French African Studies. The decades surrounding the African independences are a complicated context, filled with paradoxes and contradictions, which are woven into the Franco-African relationship and have far-reaching consequences for knowledge on Africa. The study employs a series of vignettes to illustrate how this transformation took place, in particular the configuration of the “scenes of africanisme in Africa” and the resulting (inter)disciplinary and methodological innovations. It examines the French research institutions in Africa, particularly the Institut Français d’Afrique Noire (IFAN), and the Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique d’Outre Mer (ORSTOM). It analyses researcher training programs, such as the Formation à la Recherche en Afrique Noire (FRAN). It also examines a body of scholarly literature on a single subject, the Mouride Brotherhood of Senegal to demonstrate the impact of elements of context on knowledge production. It is a work at the crossroads of intellectual history and social history, concentrating on the role of key figures who were the intermediaries in the creation, transformation, and transmission of knowledge in Africa. This thesis also opens a reflection on how African Studies evolved after 1980, specifically changes in objects, disciplines, and fields in contemporary Africa
Blum, Le Coat Jean-Yves. "Une migration entre consécration et disqualification sociales : relations franco-congolaises (Congo-Brazzaville) et trajectoires des migrants pour études en France(1960-2005)." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070066.
This thesis focuses on the transformations of migratory trajectories of students and trainees from Congo-Brazzaville came to follow a training course in France, by replacing them in the context of the evolution of the French-Congolese relations, and in particular the framework set up by both states to organize this migration, between 1960 and 2005. Based on investigations led in France and Brazzaville - biographical interviews, treatment of a documentary corpus - it analyzes the changes in the bilateral policies of the training of future executives Congolese leaders, the French immigration policies, the Congolese economic and political situation, and their effects on this migration. The thesis shows that the late 1980s marks a turning point: the Congolese students and trainees are driven to change their projects and migratory paths in the sense of a long-lasting settlement in France for a part of them, to modify their representations of this migration and the meaning they give, and to rebuild a social identity threatened by the transformations in France and in Congo. In this context, this migration goes from a status of rite of social consecration to social disqualification as base of a trajectory of access to dominant positions in Congo-Brazzaville. As a result, these migrants, at first actors of the French hegemony in Congo and intended to occupy state management and leadership positions there, come to adopt a more critical position towards the Congolese and French States
Efangon, Lucien Sédar. "Relations franco-africaines et dynamiques internationales." Lyon 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO33043.
Malonga, Ferdinand. "Les premières conférences franco-africaines (1973-1976)." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010619.
Latrèche, Abdelkader. "La migration internationale des étudiants : cas des étudiants maghrébins en France." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010631.
Students migrations from Maghreb to french universities has accompagnied birth and developpment of higher education in maghreb and has conditionned the rythm of its evolution. Nowadays, the desengagment of Maghrebis states from study abrod, the ineployment of graduates, the treatament of that kind of migrations in france, makes it impossible to talk about reception of maghrebi students without refering to international migrations problems. The main source of this work is a survey which has essabled us to draw maghrebi students individual courses in paris. We will try to underline the signification of those migrations. Ambivalence of higher education policy in maghreb, consequences of study abroad of professional ambitions and of individual and familiy courses add up to stimulate students migrations
Treiber, Nicolas. "Les structures de la déception : récits de migration et expériences colonisées dans la littérature africaine d'expression française (1953-1961)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0074.
The travels of African students in a colonial situation are a recurring subject in Frenchspeaking African literature of the 1950s. At the time of de-colonial, political and ideological struggles, some writers such as Cheikh Hamidou Kane, Camara Laye or Aké Loba have put the experience of cultural colonization at the heart of their literary work. Their writings, aboutthe study trips of the main characters to France, are based on a spatial and existential isotopy: a dead-end migration, based on many betrayed promises, dreams with broken perspectives, experiences of deathly dereliction. The study of the literary device of the progressive disenchantment of these characters – African, colonized students – allows to shed light on thesubjectivation process that shapes their barred horizons. Indeed, the ideological deceit of the colonial endeavor hides a movement of existential capture that grabs the character and makes them subjects of domination. Since the turning point of political independencies, the literary outlook on those failed adventures keeps interrogating our present times. These beings, stretched between spaces and universes of opposed values, question the negotiation of postcolonial identities. As if, by entering the mold of the colonized character, by going to meet its mechanisms and models, we had an appointment with the modern-day shapes of their globalized development
Motte, Martin. "Une éducation géostratégique : la pensée navale française de la Jeune École à 1914." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040025.
Metayer, Myriam. "La construction de l'histoire de l'art du XXe siècle : analyse et étude comparative d'ouvrages français et italiens publiés entre 1945 et 1977." Poitiers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009POIT5009.
A book, which is an editorial object, tells a tale, in other words an intellectual construction which is subject to the laws of narration and which takes shape at a given moment in a given society. Beginning from this observation, the objective of this thesis, through a study of French and Italian works, is to understand the development of the history of the art of the 20th century between 1945 and 1977, a period of profound historical transformations and great changes in the nature of art itself. By deciphering the editorial devices used, the research first retraces the social acceptance of the book and the significance of the history of modern art in the community. The second part outlines the most common interrogations which are incessantly incited by the renewal of artistic concepts. Finally, the third part shows how the narrative continues to be shaped by national identity in spite of the growing internationalization of artistic creation
Sanson, Rosemonde. "L'Alliance républicaine démocratique (1901-1920), une formation du centre." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040226.
Conti, Eleonora. "Giuseppe Ungaretti, médiateur culturel entre la France et l'Italie, 1919-1929." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040209.
Caitucoli, Marie-Hèlène. "Le processus de légitimation du Conseil constitutionnel français à l'épreuve de la démocratie représentative : études des délibérations de l'institution à huis clos entre 1958 et 1986." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0021.
Modem democracy specificity is about representation and election of the citizens' representatives. The citizens can then consent to respect the social organisation defined in their name by their representatives. Thus, democratic legitimacy echoes to the equal participation of citizens in principle through elections. Nevertheless, constitutional Courts composed with non-elected members can interfere on the organisation of public life drrough a judicial review allowed to invalidate any voted law. Understanding what can ground their legitimacy to do so can then highlight representative democracy non-explicit features. This thesis offers to address this question from an empirical study free of any presupposition about modem democracy except the above-mentioned general definition. The French constitutional Council (CC) secrete debates have become public since 2008 constitutional reform as long as they took place twenty-five years before and they provide precious information on our topic. Analysing the shared arguments on the 1958-1986 period of time when they relate to the conception the members of the CC express of their institution legitimacy allows to identify an on-going legitimation process. Indeed, the interlocutors of the CC take back the ground for those very arguments in their future requests. This thesis offers to describe such a specific legitimation process and then opens the way to a more general reflexion about the splitting of representation of democratic institutions
Fesneau, Elvina. "Le marché du poste à transistors en France de 1954 à la fin des années 1960." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010527.
Wieviorka, Olivier. "Destins d'un mouvement de résistance : défense de la France." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010591.
Defense de la France" is a resistance movement localized in northern France. At the beginning, the movement prints a newpaper ; then, it makes false identity documents and creates "maquis". Mostly parisian, D. F. Is also implanted in brittany and burgondy and attracts more and more members, 3. 000 in august 1944. In spite the differences between the members, the movement creates a real unity which lies on the actions it propounds. Untill 1942, it believies in Petain's double jeu but since january 1943, it accepts to join Charles de Gaulle. In 1944, Defense de la France. Creates a newspaper, France-Soir, and a political movement, the mln. But these endeavours fail
Picon-Lefèbvre, Virginie. "Constuire la ville sur dalle : Maine-Montparnasse et la Défense : 1950-1975." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010611.
Davila, Valdés Claudia. "Les réfugiés espagnols de la guerre civile en France et au Mexique : histoire comparée des politiques d'asile et des processus d'intégration (1939-1975)." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070015.
Liot, Thierry. "Le décor d'architecture dans les maisons d'écrivains en France de 1807 à 1923." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040170.
Terray, Aude. "Des francs-tireurs aux experts : l'organisation de la prévision économique au Ministère des finances (1948-1968)." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0038.
Fondu, Quentin. "La Scène et l'Amphithéâtre : sociologie et histoire de la discipline des études théâtrales en France et dans les deux Allemagnes (1945-2000)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021EHES0004.
This thesis is about the history of the discipline of theatre studies in France and in the two Germanies, from 1945 to the early 2000s. It examines the historical and social conditions in order to understand its emergence and development. My main hypothesis is that the creation of this discipline happened at the intersection of the academic and theatrical fields, and at the crossroads of local, national and international logics. Unlike older disciplines, theatre studies avows a larger openness vis-a-vis logics external to the academic world, both in terms of training and job prospects. Participating perhaps in the contemporary challenges to “disciplinary order”, the history of this discipline must also be resituated within the broader metamorphosis of theatre and the university over the course of this period. Our approach relies on historical sociology, whose aim is to bring together methods from history and sociology in order to simultaneously think about events, institutional history, and structural analysis. Without abandoning the basis for comparison between France and the two Germanies, our methodology also draws heavily from histoire croisée, which allows us to broaden the scope of our analysis without accepting at face value the national framework of the discipline
Diese Dissertation behandelt die Geschichte der Disziplin der Theaterwissenschaft in Frankreich und im geteilten Deutschland, von 1945 bis zum Beginn der 2000er Jahre. Sie untersucht die historischen und sozialen Bedingungen, die es ermöglichen, ihre Entstehung und Entwicklung zu verstehen. Die zentrale Hypothese ist, dass die Konstituierung dieser Disziplin durch die Verbindung des akademischen und theatralischen Bereichs und dem Zusammenwirken lokaler, nationaler und internationaler Logiken ermöglicht wurde. Im Gegensatz zu älteren Disziplinen beansprucht die Theaterwissenschaft in der Tat eine größere Offenheit gegenüber Logiken außerhalb der akademischen Welt, sowohl in Bezug auf Ausbildung als auch auf Karrierewege. Die Geschichte dieser Disziplin, die wohl an der gegenwärtigen Krise der "Disziplinarordnung" teil hat, muss daher in die breiteren Metamorphosen des Theaters und der Universität in dieser Periode - insbesondere in ihre jeweiligen Internationalisierungen und Politisierungen - eingeordnet werden. Der Ansatz dieser Dissertation basiert auf der historischen Soziologie, die darauf abzielt, die Methoden der Geschichte und der Soziologie zu kombinieren, um Ereignisse, die Institutionengeschichte und die Strukturanalyse gleichermaßen zu berücksichtigen. Ohne die Prinzipien des Vergleichs zwischen Frankreich und den beiden deutschen Staaten aufzugeben, verdankt die Methodologie auch viel der histoire croisée, die es erlaubt, die Skalen der Analyse zu multiplizieren, ohne a priori den nationalen Rahmen der Theaterwissenschaft vorwegzunehmen
Dulucq, Sophie. "La France et les villes d'Afrique noire francophone : quarante ans d'intervention (1945-1985) : approche générale et études de cas : Niamey, Ouagadougou et Bamako." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA070005.
Since 1945 france has modernized and equipped the french-speaking cities of black africa. French public investments did not stop flowing in when colonial territories became independant. Bilateral cooperation was set up in 1960 to take over the programmes of assistance to the cities of the ex-empire which was launched after ww2. The fact that french intervention lasted so long has contributed to shaping original urban spaces in which the network of dependancies between former colonies and metropolis is still visible. A global approach of this phenomenon, both in its forms and machanisms, is followed by a detailed analysis of three particular examples in the sahel : those of niamey; bamako and ouagadougou
Mignemi, Niccolò. "Coopérer pour travailler la terre, coopérer pour exploiter la terre : itinéraires comparés des coopératives agricoles en Italie et en France dans la première moitié du vingtième siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0043.
This research explores the transformations of the peasantry and the evolutions of agriculture through a comparative study of agricultural co-operatives in Italy and France during the first half of the twentieth century. The origins and development of co-operatives at the national level are analyzed on the basis of multiple spaces and temporalities, but always in connection with transformations in the primary sector. Used by poor peasants as a means of self-organization, and by governments as an instrument of social control, the evolutions of co-operatives highlight an unquestionable capacity to adapt to shifting opportunities and constraints. I start by analysing the diffusion of co-operatives using collective tenant farming in the latifundia-dominated grain-producing regions of central Sicily. This specific case helps us to illustrate a broader set of relationships between peasants and collective organisations. A comparative approach is included through a comparative analysis of labour and production co-operatives in agriculture. The analytical framework that comes out of this research is then applied to Italy and to France. Finally, more systematic comparisons are made through an analysis of long term quantitative, geographical and institutional evolutions of agricultural co-operation in both countries. I am subsequently able to create the basis for a general model whose purpose is to understand the complex relations between peasants, co-operatives and the broader transformations of agriculture
Tamagne, Florence. "Recherches sur l'homosexualité dans la France, l'Angleterre et l'Allemagne du début des années vingt à la fin des années trente : à partir de sources partisanes, policières, judiciaires, médicales et littéraires." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998IEPP0005.
The twenties and thirties are a crucial period for the history of homosexuality. At the end of the first world war, homosexuality became fashionable and an homosexual scene flourished. In england, a cult of homosexuality developed in public-schools and universities, in Germany, homosexual movements were set up while berlin became the core of the homosexual subculture. In France, where the lesbian scene was very active, some writers defended the homosexual cause. In all these countries, an homosexual and lesbian identity came out, partially based on medical theories. In fact, three national models of homosexuality could be distinguished: the German model, based on community and militancy, was very open whereas the English and French models were more elitist and less demanding. The English model was above all cultural and social while the French one was individualist and intellectual. At this time, homosexuality became a symbol of modernity: an homoerotic imagery flourished in art and literature. Tolerance increased in the upper classes, intellectual circles and capital cities. Nevertheless, prejudices were still powerful: homosexuals were stakes for political parties, whether favourable like the SPD or KPD in Germany, or hostile like the NSDAP. Judiciary repression was very strong in England and Germany, where male homosexuality was still considered a crime. In France, unofficial supervision was maintained against some homosexuals. In the thirties, this situation got worse: as a consequence of the political, international and economic crises, homosexuals were described as dangerous and decadent and became easy targets for reactionary groups. In Germany, the nazis organized the persecution of homosexuals. Several thousands were sent into concentration camps and died of bad treatments and inhuman medical practices
Eckert, Henri. "Les militaires indochinois au service de la France (1859-1939)." Lille : A.N.R.T, Université de Lille III, 1998. http://dds.crl.edu/CRLdelivery.asp?tid=11817.
Feldman, Marion. "Psychologie et psychopathologie des enfants juifs, cachés en France pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale et restés en France depuis la Libération." Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA131016.
The qualitative research concerns the psychic construction of hidden jewish children during the Second World War, in France. After setting out the historical context of the relationship between France and the Jews, we outline psychological theories of child development, as well as the life events that can interfere with the process of child. Next, we present a review of the psychological literature. In accordance with the complementarist research methodology, we provide a detailed analysis of ten interviews with “hidden children”, born in France to migrant parents. After the ten longitudinal analyses, we provide a transversal analysis, which light on the three lines identified in the psychic construction of each person. These observations allow us to identify a specific trauma that is defined by affiliation, identity and family problems which are linked to a series of traumatic events, involving a process of deculturation but not mentioned for several decades
Hwang, Sun-Hee. "L' influence du symbolisme français sur la poésie coréenne moderne." Paris, INALCO, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INAL0006.
The symbolism was one of the greatest and richest poetical veins of the French literature, and it was an universal movement. This current exerted a preponderant influence on poetry in Asia, especially in Japan and in Korea. It was introduced in Korea near 1915 by means of the Japanese literature that played thus the role of go-between. The French symbolism had on Korean poetry a preponderant and immediate influence until the end of years 1930s. Aspects that have the most seduced Korean poets were the sensitivity of Verlaine and the sensuality of Baudelaire. It transformed thus deeply Korean poetry that it made enter in the modernity. It modified the poetical art in its form and enriched considerably its themes. Korean poets who have been then committed in this new movement, were foreign to it. They have been contented to borrow to poets French symbolists themes, images, a terminology and rhetoric, as well as the musicality of words, without truly feeling in them an authentic symbolic inspiration. Despite these insufficiencies, Korean poetry entered, with the French symbolism, in a new phase that was the basis of its modernization
Leandro, Maria Engracia. "Au-delà des apparences : l'insertion sociale des Portugais dans l'agglomération parisienne." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H053.
Underling the complexity of the international economic migrations is a whole set of factors of internal and external order linked to the socio-economic, inequalities. To this regard the phenomenon of Portuguese emigration has been, along five centuries, an exemplary case. During this long period emigration, at first a conjuncture element of Portuguese society, has become a structural feature. It concerns in particular the most impoverished areas and social groups from the socio economic point of view. Attracted to the countries on the other side of Atlantic in the first place, the Portuguese emigration turned itself preferentially, since 1960, to the European continent, in particular to France. Arrived with a well-defined socio-economic goal and with planes of return in not too distant a future, the Portuguese have- in general, converted these plans along their stay. They setteled in France and initiated processes of social and local insertion. To get to the main point, many transformations took place with the passing of time in the urban area of Paris. From then on different forms of social insertion take shape and this is so within the very communities whose comparative study is here undertaken en
Bellamy, David. "Geoffroy de Montalembert (1898-1993) : héritage dynastique et notabilité politique." Paris 4, 2002. http://books.openedition.org/pur/7193.
Geoffroy de Montalembert offers an example of a normand notable whose aristocratic culture had been shifted to a political movement of the 20th century. First of all, this thesis sheds light upon the dynastic heritage as the foundation of his political identity. Next, the thesis questions the aspects of an exceptional parliamentary career of more than 50 years as the representative of the Seine-Maritime nearly exclusively on the bench of the Senate. His career started at the Fédération Républicaine and continued among the successive gaullist parties. Finally, the thesis studies the aspects of a nobility marked by a strong local establishment, who was a mayor for 68 years, who defended the agricultural world, who had a way of life and a particular representation and a strong commitment from his wife, born de Wendel, and a unique place in the political world because of his longevity
Fontaine, François. "La Guerre d'Espagne (18/07/36-01/04/39) à travers la presse française illustrée." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040168.
Penissat, Etienne. "L'État des chiffres : sociologie du service de statistique et des statisticiens du ministère du Travail et de l'Emploi (1945-2008)." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0136.
Focusing on the crossroads of the socioloogy of the State, the sociology of work and professions, and the sociology of science and statistics, this thesis aims at clarifying the making of State "numbers" through the Statistics Department and the Ministry of Labour and Employment between 1945 and 2008. Using an ethnographic approach combining direct observation in the Department, interviews, consultation of archives and a survey by questionnaire, we show that official statisticians lead their action in a specifically codified, institutionalized and constrained field. By analyzing the characteristics of state-employed statisticians (INSEE civil servants and contractual employees trained in scientific research), official statistics institutions and the making of numbers (statistic surveys, registers, indicators, publications, controversies), we uncover the transformation of scientific and statistical tools used by State administrations. We thereby highlight policy changes that concern employment and work and the forms of appropriation of State reforms in the years 1990¬-2000. This way, we show to what extent statisticians have invested in new institutional roles and reinforced their position in the Ministry of Labour and Employment. These statisticians contribute to the definition and functioning of public action, responding to both administrative and political logics. However, according to their habitus and positions in the institution, these agents must negotiate and maintain relative autonomy in their work. This is all the more necessary as it is essential to their scientific legitimacy as well as the specificity of statistic activity
Rigouste, Mathieu. "L'ennemi intérieur postcolonial : de la lutte contre subversive au contrôle de l’immigration dans la pensée militaire française,1954-2007 : une sociohistoire du contrôle sécuritaire." Paris 8, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA082825.
The production of control relies upon arguments whose genealogy can be clearly identified, as would archaeological methods do. The present work investigates how representations of an enemy from within have been built-up in the French military thinking following Algerian war. The objective was to assess how immigration was designated as a threat by networks supervising the discursive field of control production. Therefore, correlation between imagination of threat and military theories about population control, as well as practical usage of these theories, has been investigated. A history of ideas and prevailing views in the field of political and military thinking has been derived, in parallel with a sociological approach of networks dominating the justification of control inside media and security institutions. Results of our investigation clearly support the hypothesis that colonial war can be considered as the institutional mould of the French Fifth republic, and provided as well the technical repertoire of security control
Rot, Gwenaële. "Les Usines Renault à l'épreuve de leur modernisation : contribution à une sociologie de l'atelier." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000IEPP0011.
Gros, Guillaume. "Philippe Ariès (1914-1984), un traditionnaliste non-conformiste : de l'Action française à l'Ecole des hautes études en sciences sociales." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002IEPP0017.
Helbert, Catherine. "La Vie de "Marianne" : monographie de l'hebdomadaire "Marianne", 1932-1936." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040237.
Boncourt, Thibaud. "L'internationalisation de la science politique : une comparaison franco-btitannique : (1945-2010)." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR40012/document.
This work aims at contributing to the study of scientific internationalisation processesthrough a study of the specific case of political science from 1945 to 2010. This is doneon the basis of a comparison between France and Britain and a theoretical frameworkrevolving mainly around the concept of field and drawn from the sociology of scienceand political sociology. The demonstration is divided into three main parts. The first oneis a comparative historical sociology of two transnational political science organisations– the International Political Science Association (IPSA) and the European Consortiumfor Political Research (ECPR). The second is based on a comparative study of threepolitical science journals – the Revue Française de Science Politique, Political Studiesand the European Journal of Political Research. The third lies on a comparativeanalysis of British and French political scientists’ international careers, using materialdrawn from life-history interviews. The combined analysis of these three different typesof data leads us to conclude that an international field of political science hasprogressively emerged and that this field, while partially autonomous from nationaldevelopments, has its structures and rules partly linked to those of the American field. Asecond conclusion is the strong impact of decentralisation, autonomisation andspecialisation processes on the conditions and forms of the internationalisation ofnational fields
Doignon, Aurélie. "La "mise en savoirs" des danses africaines : Approche anthropo-didactique des liens entre transposition d’une pratique culturelle et évolution de ses modes de diffusion : le cas du sabar au Sénégal et en France." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0257.
Dance of the popular districts of Dakar, sabar dance is subject to professional and spatial reconfigurations. This dance was formerly defined as originating from a line of griots and education through informal institutions. New frames structure this dance tradition in a more formal way, integrating it in the "art" category and leading to a new economic structure. The griots, whose knowledge is an atavist transmission, are no longer in the majority in professional circles of dance. This leads to new attitudes of transmission, training and learning of dance. The sabar is institutionalized, to access the international legitimate choreographic field. This thesis studies the dialectic between traditional references (religious, old, etc.) and modern approaches, in light of the new professionalization of these dancers. How do the processes of institutionalization and transposition of the practice of the sabar allow and encourage exchanges and circulation of corporealities and dancers around the world? Becoming a sabar dancer at a professional level means getting one’s education both from "classical" and formal learning, and from everyday, informal learning This overall education marks the porosity of the structural categorizations of learning. This thesis highlights the multiple modifications involved in this learning. It explores choreographic changes and shows how sabar dance is undergoing a reconfiguration in terms of gender and social status
Pleskot, Patryk. "Związki polskich humanistów-badaczy z humanistyką francuską w latach 1956-1989." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0138.
The thesis is divided into three parties which focuse on the French-Polish relationships between the social sciences in their material. Political and intelectual dimension. The first part describes the number of Polish researchers arriving to France and the number of French scientists going to Poland. As well as the institutions involved in the coopération, its organisation and the material obstacles of the relationships. The second part starts with a description of Polish-French scientifical relationships between 1944 and 1993, focusing on the contacts between the Polish researchers and 6th Section of EPHE. Moreover. The author analyses the political and ideological obstacles and the limits of coopération. The third part shows the points of understanding and misunderstanding between the Polish historians and l'école des Annales. Then, the author decribes the factors which intensified the relations and shows the numerous manifestations of the coopération
Hélary, Julien. "Se recycler après l'Empire : Formations et carrières des anciens élèves de l'Ecole nationale de la France d'outre-mer (1945-début du XXIème siècle)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC064.
The first part presents the required adaptations of the ENFOM during the decade after its reopening in 1944-1945. The creation of the Union française forces the french ministry for the overseas territories and the school administration to reform the ENFOM to retrain the courses. These adaptations try to define the new profile of the perfect student and the perfect officer. These profiles are filled with colonialist traditions of the inter-war period and with new issues inspired by Brazzaville Conference. The statistical study of colonial officers’ movements between France and overseas territories determine the main flows and their acceleration. The second part considers the ENFOM and students’ evolution from 1956 to 1963. The ENFOM comes under stress the year the framework law is promulgated, the recruitment is africanised and the Bleu outre-mer manifesto is published. The esprit de corps is weakened by a generational and an ideological opposition. Colonial officers start then to be reclassified. The legislative framework, which is to their advantage, facilitates their integration in the french and/or African public service. The statistical study of reclassifications as a whole proves the importance of cooperation agencies. ENFOM closes in 1958-1959 and immediatly replaced by the IHEOM. This institute is created to train african officers in Paris as quickly as possible for them to operate in the new states. The former mainland thus confirms its domination. Thanks to a great statistical study, the last part lists all the reclassifications of present or volontary absent colonial officers, judges and labour inspectors on the whole from Africa at the time of independence. These careers and movements last from 1964 to the beginning of the 21st century and rely on ENFOM networks. The statistical study takes into accountall the metropolitan officers and the 106 african officers of the last three promotions. Proud of their colonial and post-colonial careers, former colonial officers set up memorial strategies (novel, political responsibilities, publications of former student association destined for historian) for posterity and sometimes to defend their record. This research ends with bases for an analysis of the private career which often followed their public one
Devillon, Carine. "L'initiation du jeune enfant à la couleur en France et en Corée 1945-2015 : les voies de l'album pédagogique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC011/document.
This study focuses on initiation into color considered as a cultural object, in children’s picture books both in France and Korea. It covers the time period from 1945 to 2015, since we attach great importance to analyzing its evolution process. Our research has a threefold objective: to present our object of study in a historical perspective highlighting the reasons of its emergence in the children’s picture books as well as the factors that contributed to its development; to verify that traditional pedagogical genres are relevant to initiate into this complex learning object; and to highlight the mechanisms developed in these picture books to meet physical, intellectual and cognitive abilities of children discovering color as well as their tastes. Therefore, our study is divided into three parts. In the first part, we present an overview of the school pedagogy dealing with color and its repercussions on the editorial market and the various factors that contributed to the development of picture books initiating into color. In the second part, after having defined the different genres, we study their interaction with color. In the third part, we analyze the picture books’ contents to see what knowledge is transmitted to the children, whether on color itself or on the process of acquisition of this knowledge. The thesis concludes that initiation into color in children’s picture books is marked by cultural evidences, but also invites us to go beyond the mere idea of "evidence", and to consider that not only the colored patterns and symbols, nor even the color spectrum’s division, testify to the cultural permanences. The approach to color pedagogy is indeed cultural in itself, since the desire to develop creativity and to free the learner from constraints in France contrasts with the permanent concern to be as didactic as possible in Korea. Considering this, initiation into color takes on quite another cultural dimension
Delon, Margot. "Les incidences biographiques de la ségrégation : trajectoires et mémoires des enfants des bidonvilles et cités de transit de l’après-guerre en France." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IEPP0012.
What has become of children living in slums in Post-War France? Drawing from an investigation based on interviews, observations, archive work and statistics, I analyze in this dissertation the experiences and trajectories of individuals of Algerian, Moroccan and Portuguese descent who grew up in slums in Nanterre and Champigny-sur-Marne slums (Île-de-France region). I explain what it may have meant to live all these years in such a deprived, segregated and stigmatized form of housing and I insist on the diversity of residential experiences and of socialization effects. Indeed, previous slum children have known various trajectories and they don’t interpret this episode in the same way. Four profiles are analyzed: the reproduction of inequalities, the moderate mobilities, the reproduction of isolation, the upward trajectories. Two series of factor explain these differences. First, these families have first been targeted by national and local policies of housing and migration. By categorizing and treating differently slums depending on their inhabitants’ origins and on their location, these public policies have had very important short, mean and long time effects. Second, the trajectories have also been formed by their parents’ pre-migration resources and dispositions and by the relational contexts they evolved in while being in slums
Davesne, Alban. "Trajectoires d'européanisation : une comparaison des usages de l'Europe dans le secteur de la santé en Suède et en France (1945-2015)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IEPP0045.
This PhD thesis, in the field of political science, offers to compare the Europeanisation of health policies in France and Sweden, in a historic and interactionist perspective. Since the 1990s, numerous studies have shown the growing significance of the European Union’s intervention in the health sector. However, few of them have looked at how the institutionalisation of European public action interplays with national health policy changes in a long-term approach. Based on the premise that health systems are strongly embedded in national settings and are organised along very different institutional models, the aim is to understand how the European dimension of health policies have been built and incorporated into national systems. The comparison between health policies in Sweden and France is justified on the one hand by the fact that each country represents one of the two main type of health systems existing in the European Union, the national health and national insurance system respectively; and on the other hand by the contrasting European histories of these two states, France being one of the founding members and Sweden having joined the EU at a later stage and with little enthusiasm. We can thus show on a long period of time, and for two different cases, that the effects of European integration cannot be reduced to European pressures on health systems that are more or less fit. By tracing the trajectories of Europeanisation of Swedish and French health policies on a long period, and for key issues for the national models regarding healthcare services (demography of health care professionals and patient’s choice) and public health (fight against cancer, tobacco and alcohol addictions), this dissertation shows that the Europeanisation of health policies results from the long-term political work of construction of domestic actors in interaction
Anfossi-Divol, Joan. "L' usage et l'enregistrement, éléments essentiels de l'harmonisation du droit des marques : une approche comparative des droits franco-communautaire et des Etats-Unis d'Amérique." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010272.
Gong, Ke. "La portée de la constitution en France et en Chine : l'enchantement et le désenchantement du constitutionnalisme révolutionnaire." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020079/document.
The revolutionary constitutionalism in France and in China is deeply rooted in the pre-modern history. The Revolution of 1789 and the three consecutive Constitutions in 1791, 1793 and 1795, combined the "Constitution" and the "revolution" an unprecedented way. The same logic is exposed in the historic journey in France and in China. The Declaration of 1789 and the Constitution of 1791 have paved the way toward an ideal future, which was soon disillusioned by the real conflicts, especially the struggle between the royal authority and the legislature. Similarly, after the end of the dynasty in China, we also saw the conflict between the executive and legislative branches, by which the "First Republic" has been led to an impasse. As the turbulence of the Revolution went on, several constitutions of both sides have been promulgated, which reflect the similarity not only between the Girondins and the Kuomintang, but also between the Montagnards and the Chinese Communist Party. Similarly resulted by a coup d’etat, the "Thermidorian" regime was established in France and China. The Constitution of 1795 sought to maintain the power in the hands of the Thermidorians to avoid new dictatorship, but without success. Instead, the Chinese Communist regime is also trying to control the power, successfully, by means of the constitution revised according to circumstances. Thus, given the role of the Party, the process of constitutionalism appears more dimensions in China. After all, for both countries, the revolutionary constitutionalism actually reveals the common destiny in the era of modernity
Boizette, Pierre. "Décolonisation des subjectivités et renaissance africaine : critique et réforme de la modernité chez Scholastique Mukasonga, Ngugi wa Thiong’o et Valentin-Yves Mudimbe." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100032/document.
The institutionalization of postcolonial studies and the recent development of decolonial studies have highlighted the recognition that intellectuals from former colonized territories enjoy today. Among them, Ngugi wa Thiong'o and Valentin-Yves Mudimbe are respected figures whose writings, both theoretical and fictional, seek to resolve the crises generated by the colonial experience. Aware that this did not end with the wave of independence, they kept alive in their works the utopian desire, that of conceiving a new world where relations between peoples and individuals would be renegotiated, despite the disappointments of the postcolonial regimes. However, the 1994 genocide of the Tutsis in Rwanda could well have symbolized the failure of their epistemic detachment efforts with Western modernity. This consisted in the repetition, on the African continent, of a crime similar to the one that had pushed many intellectuals to want to break with the order of which the Shoah was the consequence. On the contrary, Scholastique Mukasonga's texts bear witness to the repetition of the imperative formulated by Ngugi wa Thiong'o and Valentin-Yves Mudimbe, namely the need to achieve a decolonization of subjectivities to initiate an African renaissance. The study of each of their trajectories aims to show the complementarity of these two processes in their works which, separately, open the way to multiple possible futures for humanity
Cazorla, Severine. "Lecture analytique et textes poétiques résistants : études sur les pratiques didactiques d'analyse des textes littéraires en classe de troisième." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20058/document.
After underlining the complex evolution of teaching literature at Secondary school level, and the current difficulties faced when teaching the official syllabus, particularily as far as analytical reading is concerned, this study reveals the educational benefits of teaching Resistance poetry. An experiment carried out with Year 10 pupils, and the analysis of their reader's texts enables us to assess the educational importance of the study of Resistance poetry. Indeed, the characteristic indetermination zones create a motivational dynamic and stimulate interpretational efforts amongst the pupils. The prolific constraints of this type of text encourage a « dialectic » and plural literary reading of the text, contributing to the understanding of the notion of literary interpretation. The encounter with Resistance poetry appears then to be a valuable experience, encouraging pupils to progress and become more independent
Pillard, Thomas. "Négociations identitaires : le film noir français face aux bouleversements de la France d’après-guerre (1946-1960)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100066.
Although the term « film noir » is generally associated with Hollywood cinema, this generic label was originally coined in France in reference to French films made in the 1930s, and the « noir » genre defines a transnational form which circulated between Europe and Hollywood. We intend to study « noir » films in French cinema through this lens, highlighting that the genre is rooted in an old French tradition. Our analysis of the evolution of French film noir foregrounds historical and cultural aspects, positing that film noir articulates a critical discourse on modernity. This doctoral thesis shows that the « noir » form underwent changes which evidenced the ambivalence of identity in a nation in transition between 1946 and 1960, that had to negotiate the cultural shift from Occupation to the Consumer society : the « noir realism » cycle expressed a strong pessimism that has nostalgic, masculinist and nationalist implications, in opposition to the « série noire pour rire » which illustrated a playful reappropriation of History and modernity ; last but not least, gangster films built on the contrast between older characters, marked by the burdens of war, and contemporary mutations, including the development of the American way of life in France. Through its diversity, French film noir reveals the contradictions of post-war French society : the country was keen to dive into the future but obsessed with its traumatic past ; in part seduced by the « American model », it was however determined to keep its « French identity »
Gheller, Enrico. "La politique et les auteurs : le néoréalisme italien au prisme de la cinéphilie française (1946-1956)." Thesis, Normandie, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021NORMC005.
Post-war Italian cinema has its rightful place in history under the label of "neorealism". It is a pantheonisation that is still difficult to question today, which often schematises the image of this cinema in an arbitrary manner. One of the peculiarities of this current is its ease of adaptation beyond the Alps: indeed, this film movement has sparked off a very virulent debate in France, which has seen the participation of all strata of the intelligentsia. The neo-realist canon was consolidated on the basis of a handful of films andthanks to the critical work of a few committed intellectuals, as well as the popular press. The editors of specialised magazines and daily newspapers have the privilege of a primacy of gaze on transalpine cinematic novelties: most often outside the traditional distribution channels, within the many film clubs operating in the Parisian context, critics, journalists and writers discover a cinema that they soon call the "Italian school". These observations force us to question several stereotypes about this cinema: shooting in the street, nonprofessional actors and current affairs subjects do not prevent post-war Italian cinema from following in the footsteps of what was, after all, a traditional production. These conclusions make it necessary today to return to the critical debates of the immediate post-war period with a new and impartial look, in order to deepen the complexity of the process of reception of neorealism
Lallet, Mélanie. "Le féminin dans les séries animées françaises pour enfants. Le genre joué et déjoué par les personnages d'animation." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA116.
This thesis proposes a sociohistorical analysis of gender representations in French animated television series. In analysing the programming strategy of television networks and the adaptation and rerun phenomena, the research reveals a structural tension between standardisation and innovation, as well as backlash effects. Indeed, these programs have generally conveyed a binary and essentialist conception of gender, minimizing female characters and confining them to secondary and caretaking roles. Nonetheless, following contemporary social changes, some productions have begun to challenge gender norms. 56 programs broadcast between 1957 and 2014 have been selected for this qualitative analysis. In 2015-2016, 11 comprehensive interviews were conducted with professionals as well as a fieldwork on the association Les Femmes s’Animent (the French counterpart of Women in Animation). This new angle helps to understand how the issue of gender inequalities is perceived by different professionals in the French animation industry (such as writers, producers, animators and television networks). While some of them try to fight against gender stereotypes, organisational and economic constraints as well as social norms related to child protection continue to impact the production of animated series
Loarer, Tristan. "Broadelouriezh en IIIde Emsav : évolution de la notion de nationalisme dans la littérature écrite en langue bretonne de 1954 à 1970." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022REN20010.
The decade following the end of World War II failed to rebuild, in Brittany, the popular emulation that certain “nationalist” militants could have wished for around the question of the specific Breton identity. However, between 1954 and the turn of the year 1970, a real transformation took place in the perception that the Bretons themselves had of their own identity. This perception is questioned, redefined, it is structured and induces the design of tools which uses will later mark out the political, social and cultural demands that will result in the important post-1970 cultural and social revival. This national discourse, from a nucleus of Breton activists, will gradually spread to a large part of the Breton population, Breton speaking people or not. The relevance of the notion of nation to Brittany has long been supported, argued as well as criticized and fought in the context of a “one and indivisible’’ French Republic. The object of this research work is to shed light on the evolution of this notion, with regards to the analysis of an exhaustive corpus which only includes literary works in the Breton language written during the chosen period, whatever the places or the periods of writing and publishing. It will therefore be a question of defining the criteria of what makes literature a regional, national or international subject. This dissertation proposes to analyse these writings on what sometimes appears to be a simple attachment to the territory, sometimes to be the reflection of more emancipatory political approaches, akin to the wave of decolonisation that is overwhelming the world in this second half of the twentieth century
Thomas, Gaëtan. "La routine vaccinale. Enquête sur un programme français de rationalisation par les nombres, 1949-1999." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH049/document.
This dissertation studies the entanglement between statistical production and the normalization of immunization practices in France from the 1950s to the mid-1990s, a period during which immunization remained largely uncontroversial. By rationalizing, regulating, and justifying immunization, epidemiology (understood as a collection of practices, rather than a discrete academic discipline) has contributed greatly to this normalization – a process I term “routinization.” This research project is based on archival findings, both in France and internationally, as well as a series of interviews with significant actors in the field. It is primarily focused on a group of epidemiologists affiliated with the Centre international de l’enfance (French International Children’s Center, 1949-1999), whose mission was to rationalize and simplify immunization for children. Throughout the institution’s history, which overlaps with the late colonial period and the process of de-colonization, there is a significant engagement with Francophone Africa: numerous trials were carried out simultaneously in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Paris region. The transnational nature of this activity is also due, in part, to the involvement of the World Health Organization in matters of immunization – French epidemiologists appropriated calculations popularized on a global scale. At the end of the period in question, the Hepatitis B vaccine controversy disrupted the routinization process and shed light on the rising gap between the discourse and practice of epidemiology and the experience of vaccinated individuals. This study offers new insights into the role of numbers in the maintenance and governance of the most common public health intervention
Blanck, Julie. "Gouverner par le temps : la gestion des déchets radioactifs en France, entre changements organisationnels et construction de solutions techniques irréversibles (1950-2014)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IEPP0024/document.
In France, the problem of radioactive waste has been subjected to different solutions. In 1979, the storage of radioactive waste was entrusted to a specialized operator, the National Agency for Radioactive Waste Management (Andra). Yet, through the course of its history, the Agency has faced many difficulties to implement its projects, which often came under strong public criticism. Still today, while its project of geological disposal is about to move into its industrial phase, the Andra is still widely criticized and serves as a crystallization point for power relationships in the nuclear sector. In order to retrace the evolution of French radioactive waste management since the 1950s, the archival and ethnographical study of the Andra’s organizational work provides an insider perspective on how its agents have defined problems, as well as conceived and implemented solutions. Indeed, through this strategic and political work, they have frequently transformed the Agency to fit the progress of its projects. From an industrial subsidiary of the French Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), the Agency was transformed into a finalized research agency, then again into an industrial operator in order to undertake to construction the geological disposal site. Through to these changes, actors have been able to revived criticized projects, without necessarily modifying their contents. In fact, it is not stability but organizational and institutional flexibility, which can account for the preservation of these controversial solutions. Lastly, the problem of radioactive waste crystallizes a multiplicity of temporal logics. The analysis of this work of temporalisation, which can be seen as a particular kind of organization, questions the articulation between change and permanency of public action. As such, this study sheds light on the relation between dynamics of problem definition, the construction of irreversible technical solutions, and organizational and temporal work