Academic literature on the topic 'Ethnological models'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ethnological models"
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Ensor, Bradley E. "Testing Ethnological Theories on Prehistoric Kinship." Cross-Cultural Research 51, no. 3 (2017): 199–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1069397117697648.
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Although not a new topic, there is a growing trend in ethnology to interpret changing kinship terminology, social organization, and marriage practices deep into prehistory. These efforts are largely guided by phylogenetic, neoevolutionary, and historical particularist theoretical models using 19th to 20th century ethnographically recorded kin terminology. However, the “high-level” theoretical models and their assumptions are untestable without data dating to prehistory. Archeological kinship analysis based on cross-cultural “mid-level” factual correspondence between social organization and patterns in material culture, which is not biased by any given “high-level” theory, can empirically test the ethnological models and assumptions. Archeological case studies on the Chontal Maya and Hohokam illustrate problems in phylogenetic, neoevolutionary, and historical particularist theoretical assumptions. Instead, the results are consistent with contemporary anthropological theory emphasizing practice and agency within historically contingent political economic social contexts.
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Limeira-DaSilva, Victor Rafael, and Juanma Sánchez Arteaga. "Alfred Russel Wallace and the Models of Amazonian “Indians” Displayed at the Crystal Palace Ethnological Exhibition." Nuncius 36, no. 3 (2021): 646–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-bja10013.
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Abstract This paper discusses Alfred Russel Wallace’s Amazonian ethnography and his collaboration with Robert Latham on the models of indigenous Amazonian peoples that were placed on display at the Crystal Palace ethnological exhibition in 1854. The reception of scholars and the public to this innovative work is also considered. Wallace’s involvement in the first British ethnological exhibition of large proportions was fundamental to the dissemination of his work, which made a valuable contribution to a field of study—the ethnology of South America—that was still in its infancy in Britain, in marked contrast to Portugal, Spain, Germany and France. Wallace’s field observations of indigenous peoples were instilled in the British imagination through the handbook to the exhibition, in which Latham stressed the importance of Wallace’s descriptions to the advancement of the field of ethnology. Indeed, Wallace’s ethnographic accounts were deemed to provide an authoritative supplement to James Prichard’s preliminary and still somewhat limited ethnological map of northern South America, contributing to the creation of a more complete picture of the indigenous Amazonian peoples of Brazil.
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Jiménez de Madariaga, Celeste, and Juan José García del Hoyo. "Public Funding of Research into Ethnological Activities in Andalusia (Spain): Boosting the Academic Career of Researchers." Scientific Annals of Economics and Business 68 (November 23, 2021): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/saeb-2021-0029.
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The advent of democracy in Spain and the establishment of the different autonomous communities marked the beginning of a process to transfer political, economic and other competences over Culture and Cultural Heritage. Following its creation in 1984, the Ministry of Culture of the Andalusian Autonomous Government incorporated a Directorate-General for Cultural Assets into its organisational structure and embarked on an ambitious programme of actions to support Andalusian historical heritage, including creation of a management structure, enactment of a specific heritage law and budget allocations for protection tasks. From the outset, a type of heritage little known until then emerged: ethnological heritage. Dynamic actions were also promoted to fund research into this area, including grants for ethnological activities, financing for publications and funding for ethnological symposiums. This paper analyses the different ethnological activities carried out and their funding, and assesses the extent to which this investment favoured the professional development of teaching staff in the field of Social Anthropology in Andalusia, specifying the marginal effects and differentiating them according to gender and university size using binary choice models (Logit).
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Leino, Antti, and Saara Hyvönen. "Comparison of Component Models in Analysing the Distribution of Dialectal Features." International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing 2, no. 1-2 (2008): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e1753854809000378.
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Component models such as factor analysis can be used to analyse spatial distributions of a large number of different features – for instance the isogloss data in a dialect atlas, or the distributions of ethnological or archaeological phenomena – with the goal of finding dialects or similar cultural aggregates. However, there are several such methods, and it is not obvious how their differences affect their usability for computational dialectology. We attempt to tackle this question by comparing five such methods using two different dialectological data sets. There are some fundamental differences between these methods, and some of these have implications that affect the dialectological interpretation of the results.
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Nelson, Alex J., and Kyu Jin Yon. "Core and Peripheral Features of the Cross-Cultural Model of Romantic Love." Cross-Cultural Research 53, no. 5 (2018): 447–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1069397118813306.
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Ethnological studies point to candidates for culturally universal and variable characteristics of romantic love models. However, only recently have these hypotheses begun to be tested through primary data collection intended for cross-cultural comparison. This study builds on two such efforts covering the United States, Russia, Lithuania, and China by adapting their methods to South Korea. We found support for the core features of romantic love identified in these studies (sexual attraction, altruism, intrusive thinking, emotional fulfillment, and idealization). We also explain peripheral meanings of love, including its association with sex, irrationality, and material considerations. In our discussion of East Asian models of romantic love, we argue that the apparently less altruistic attitudes of East Asian women toward their lovers are attributable to the deterioration of structural support for institutions that enforced the ideal of female sacrifice previously valorized in their family relations, and women’s backlash against these continued expectations.
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May, Michael J., Efrat Kantor, and Nissim Zror. "CemoMemo." Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage 14, no. 4 (2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3467888.
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Digitizing cemeteries and gravestones aids cultural preservation, genealogical search, dark tourism, and historical analysis. CemoMemo, an app and associated website, enables bottom-up crowd-sourced digitization of cemeteries, categorizing and indexing of gravestone data and metadata, and offering powerful full-text and numerical search. To date, CemoMemo has nearly 5,000 graves from over 130 cemeteries in 10 countries with the majority being Jewish graves in Israel and the USA. We detail CemoMemo's deployment and component models, technical attributes, and user models. CemoMemo went through two design iterations and architectures. We detail its initial architecture and the reasons that led to the change in architecture. To show its utility, we use CemoMemo's data for a historical analysis of two Jewish cemeteries from a similar period, eliciting cultural and ethnological difference between them. We present lessons learned from developing and operating CemoMemo for over 1 year and point to future directions of development.
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Chiva, Matty. "Cultural aspects of meals and meal frequency." British Journal of Nutrition 77, S1 (1997): S21—S28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19970101.
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AbstractsThe present paper presents a certain number of cultural elements which interact in the determination of the frequency of food intake. Approaches from various perspectives (historical, ethnological, anthropological, sociological) draw attention to two major aspects relating to the periodicity of food intake: the extreme cultural diversity and the continual modifications which have occurred over time and space. The various cultural models change and are subject to multiple influences, for example, cross-cultural, economic and historical. In addition, there are interactions between the models. The definitions of food intake and frequency play a major role in building up consumers' perceptions. These various perceptions are multiple (perception of self, of food and its virtues, the rules and moral values of consumption) and finally influence behaviours. Finally, and taking into account the systems of beliefs, the very nature of feeding behaviours may carry feelings of guilt for the subject. The study of real behaviours and their relationship with health is still incomplete for reasons of methodology and also of conceptual definition. In future, data collection has to take into account real behaviour as well as subjective perceptions and value judgements. A specific effort has to be made in the future to develop methodology. This should allow the collection of reliable data and particularly comparisons between studies, without oversimplifying and distorting cultural specificities.
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Mattes, Julia. "ANTHROPOMORPHIC FIGURINES, GYNOCENTRISM AND GIMBUTAS’ RECEPTION INSIDE ARCHAEOLOGY AND BEYOND." Lietuvos archeologija Lietuvos archeologija T. 47 (December 31, 2021): 91–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.33918/25386514-047005.
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Gimbutas’ topicalisation of gynocentrism was of great significance in stimulating the study of figurines, influencing the humanities beyond archaeology, as well as a variety of international socio-political movements. The creations have a long tradition of being linked to fertility and suffer a predominantly one-sided treatment in research. In this context, the intellectual history of the interpretation of prehistoric social living conditions is analysed, critically questioned and the extent to which historically evolved role models are present in past and recent research is examined. On the basis of selected examples, the methods of ethnological analogy and stylistic analysis are used to contribute to the interpretation of the decorations of the SE European Neolithic material. Additionally, an application-related interpretation is proposed for the Cucuteni-Tripolye figurines of the Poduri set. The second part addresses the impact history of Gimbutas’ opus. Regardless of the justified methodological criticism, its various imprints on e. g. ethnography, feminist studies, as well as outside academia will be acknowledged. The contributions profoundly inspired a variety of societal currents in the USA, Germany and post-socialist Lithuania. Keywords: Gimbutas, Lithuania, figurines, tattoo, body modification, ancestors, feminist movement.
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Wittich, Elke Katharina. "Dittmar’s Turkish Ornamental Cabinet." Manazir Journal 3 (March 7, 2022): 64–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/manazir.2021.3.5.
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One of the most formative narratives of the reform movements around 1900 was a departure from earlier creative principles of imitation, now defamed as an inadequate approach. Thus, artists, architects, and designers were called upon to formulate freer approaches to artistic design. Precisely because this narrative of the new and the free, which had become a myth, excluded art of the later nineteenth century—which supposedly only imitated older styles—little attention was paid to how exactly the ornamentation of Islamic art was taken up and artistically exploited in the decorative arts around 1900. Yet, what else can be classified as stylistic imitation and what as freer abstraction? After all, the geometric derivation of Islamic ornamentation offered rich material for abstractions in the sense intended by the reform movements, before it was radically, and very lastingly, banned from the discourse a short time later along with all other ornament. It will be shown that the abstraction of Islamic ornamentation around 1900 was not only triggered by the objects that were increasingly accessible in exhibitions and as holdings of ethnological or applied arts museums at the turn of the century but was already influenced by scientific research and by the textbooks with historical models as they appeared in the course of the nineteenth century.
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Seth, Suman. "Darwin and the Ethnologists." Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences 46, no. 4 (2016): 490–527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2016.46.4.490.
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Toward the end of The Descent of Man, Darwin made a striking assertion. “I would as soon be descended,” he claimed, from a “heroic little monkey” than from a “savage” who practiced torture and infanticide, treated “wives like slaves,” and was indecent and superstitious. These lines have been often quoted but rarely analyzed. I argue here that they provide a means for following Darwin’s thought as he grappled with contemporary ethnological evidence that seemed—if today’s “savages” were to be taken as models for primeval humans—to work against his theory of sexual selection as it applied to humankind. In addition to explicating what I suggest is a crucial element of Descent, this paper has three aims, all of which help us better understand the relationships between ethnology and Darwinian thought. First, to offer a selective intellectual history of British ethnology between 1864 and 1871, focusing on those texts that Darwin deemed most problematic for his arguments. Second, and as a result, to better specify Darwin’s views on race by comparing him not to his opponents, but to his like-minded peers, a group I term “liberal racialists.” Third, to explore the utility of what I term the “geological analogy,” a mid-nineteenth-century version of the comparative method (which substituted study of “less developed” peoples today for humans in much earlier periods). Where liberal ethnologists deployed the geological analogy consistently, Darwin would be much more selective, denying its application at times in favor of analogies to lower animals. He would thus save his theoretical suppositions by denying that contemporary “lower” races, with their depraved morality, could serve as appropriate models for our apparently more decent, yet more animalistic forebears.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ethnological models"
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Grando, Válečková Šárka. "Signification économique, sociale et symbolique du bœuf dans la Préhistoire récente de l’Europe moyenne." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAG039.
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L'apparition de l'élevage dans les sociétés néolithiques a été immédiatement mise en relation avec la nécessité de satisfaire les besoins nutritionnels de la population. Cette vision traditionnelle reflète l'interprétation selon laquelle l'animal est envisagé dans une dimension utilitaire comme pourvoyeur de protéines, notamment en viande et en produits secondaires, ainsi que fournisseur d'énergie. Or, de nombreux exemples en ethnologie nous livrent une image différente où l'animal est chargé d'une dimension symbolique, et à qui on accorde un rôle important dans le cadre de la majorité des rituels sociaux et religieux. Dans cette situation, nous pouvons nous demander de quel statut bénéficiaient les animaux domestiques, en particulier le bœuf, et à quoi servait son élevage dans les sociétés de la Préhistoire récente ? Cette problématique est abordée via une confrontation des données issues de l'archéozoologie et les résultats des recherches ethnologiques dans l'esprit de la méthode comparative. L'analyse est menée à travers l'élevage des premières communautés agropastorales en Europe appartenant à la culture à céramique linéaire, le Rubané (5600 — 4900 av. J.-C.)<br>The appearance of animal husbandry in Neolithic societies was immediately linked to the need to meet the nutritional needs of the population. This traditional view reflects the interpretation according to which the animal is viewed in a utilitarian dimension as a supplier of protein, especially meat and secondary products, as well as a supplier of manual aid. However, many examples in ethnology give us a different image where the animal is charged with a symbolic dimension, and to which an important role is granted in the framework of the majority of social and religious rituals. In this situation, we can ask ourselves what status did domestic animals enjoy, especially cattle, and what was their breeding used for in recent prehistoric societies ? This issue is addressed through a comparison of data from archaeozoology and the results of ethnological research in the spirit of the comparative method. The analysis is carried out through the breeding of the first agro-pastoral communities in Europe belonging to the culture with linear ceramics, the LBK (5600 - 4900 BC)
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Hugh, Brian Ashwell. "Traditional leadership in South Africa: a critical evaluation of the constitutional recognition of customary law and traditional leadership." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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The main objectives of this study were to identify the role that customary law and traditional leadership can play, without compromising their current positions or future recognition through legislation, in creating a better life for their constituents. The study analysed diverse issues such as legislative reform, the future role and functions of traditional leaders, training needs of traditional leaders, and the impact of a possible lack of commitment by national and provincial government on the training of traditional leaders to fulfill their functions within the ambit of the Constitution.
Books on the topic "Ethnological models"
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Representing others: Translation, ethnography, and the museum. St. Jerome Pub., 2007.
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Chidiroglou, Paulos. Ethnologikoi provlēmatismoi apo tēn tourkikē kai tēn ellēnikē paroimiologia =: Ethnological thoughts on Turkish and Greek proverbs. (Ellēnikē Laographikē Etaireia), 1987.
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Chidiroglou, Paulos. Ethnologikoi provlēmatismoi apo tēn tourkikē kai tēn hellēnikē paroimiologia =: Ethnological thoughts on Turkish and Greek proverbs. [Hellēnikē Laographikē Hetaireia], 1987.
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Musée royal de l'Afrique centrale, ed. Fetish modernity. Royal Museum for Central Africa, 2011.
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Herbert, James D. Paris 1937: Worlds on exhibition. Cornell University Press, 1998.
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Sturge, Kate. Representing Others: Translation, Ethnography and Museum. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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Hadfield, Andrew. Travel. Edited by James Simpson and Brian Cummings. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199212484.013.0008.
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Advances in technology had dramatically improved mapping and navigational possibilities that made travel within Europe easier, more comfortable, and more feasible. In the early seventeenth century, writers such as Fynes Moryson, Thomas Coryat, and William Lithgow began to provide accounts of their extensive travels. However, the ethnological models that were used by Europeans in the sixteenth century were hardly modern. While the discovery of the New World showed the scope and diversity of the known universe, it also encouraged a heightened xenophobia and racism. There are also other more practical considerations implying that change was not as rapid as might be expected. This article examines travel in the context of cultural history and how the Reformation became a key impediment to travel. It looks at travelers who were prepared to go beyond what was generally expected or even acceptable despite the obvious dangers and discomforts, focusing on the experiences of Margery Kempe and William Lithgow.
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1959-, Somé Roger, Schutz Carine, and Université Marc Bloch. Centre de recherches interdisciplinaires en anthropologie., eds. Anthropologie, art contemporain et musée: Quels liens? Harmattan, 2007.
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Mutsaers, Paul. Police Unlimited. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198788508.001.0001.
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Police Unlimited is centred on a controversial idea that it supports with detailed ethnographic materials: police forces are a focal point of conflict in modern societies. Instead of a consensus model of law enforcement that understands the function of policing as socially integrative, it links to a conflict model concerned with the socially divisive effects of policing. Throughout the book, these effects and their causes are discussed on a national and global level. An ethnographic study was carried out at the Dutch police to enhance our understanding of police discrimination. Concerned with both internal and external affairs, the book addresses conflict cases within and outside the police station, covering both inter-ethnic tensions at work and the migrant hostility observed while joining officers on patrol. The cases are discussed in light of the corroding public character of Dutch policing and the risks involved in terms of discrimination and the arbitrary, or even privatized use of power. Signalling an increased blur of the private and public spheres in policing, the book warns about an ‘unlimited’ police force that is no longer constrained by the public contours that delineate a legal bureaucracy. For the sake of ethnological knowledge production that ultimately serves to develop a police anthropology, the ethnographic materials are consistently compared with other police ethnographies in the ‘global north’ and ‘global south’. This comparative analysis points out that the demise of bureaucracy makes it increasingly difficult for police organizations across the globe to exclude politics, particularism, and populism from their operations.
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Herbert, James D. Paris 1937: Worlds on Exhibition. Cornell University Press, 1998.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Ethnological models"
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Kelly, Robert L. "What good is archaeology?" In Scale Matters. transcript Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839460993-003.
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The CRC project is entitled "Culture-Environment Interaction and Human Mobility in the Late Quaternary." It uses ethnographic and ethnological data, as well as agent-based modeling, to devise a model, a First African Frontier model, that accounts for how modern humans migrated out of Africa into Europe and, in fact, to the rest of the world. I take a slightly different approach to the conference's issue of scale, asking what the scale of archaeological data is, how it differs from that of ethnography, and, given the difference, what archaeology can contribute. In sum, archaeological data are aggregated data, especially for the time period in question where assemblages result from possibly thousands of years, and thousands of human actions. I argue that at this scale the "strong signal" is primarily telling us about human response to ecological and demographic conditions, and that human behavioral ecology provides a useful learning strategy to know when these material factors are not relevant. I then use terminal Pleistocene New World colonization as an example of a colonization process, including evidence for the scale of social relations at this time.
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Vailionytė, Nijolė. "The Phenomenon of Childlessness in Lithuania: from Sources to Scientific Studies." In Jauno vēsturnieku zinātniskie lasījumi VII. LU Akadēmiskais apgāds, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/jvzl.07.03.
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The aim of the article is to analyse the ethnological sources and investigations dealing with the phenomenon of childlessness in Lithuania. The paper analyses the ethnological sources and investigations carried out in Lithuania, which reveal the attitude a traditional village community had concerning childless people belonging to the community, also, the members of rural or urban modern society. The work deals with the problem of change concerning the attitude to childlessness from the 20th century until the beginning of the 21st century. We concentrate upon the studies carried out in the 21st century, which are becoming increasingly interdisciplinary.
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Kowal, Rebekah J. "Staging Ethnologic Dance." In Dancing the World Smaller. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190265311.003.0002.
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Chapter 2 examines La Meri’s controversial legacy in American concert dance. An Anglo-American dance artist who specialized in Asian and Latin American dance practices, La Meri fashioned herself as a dance polyglot, having studied with instructors at stops along the way of her worldwide performance tours in the 1920s and 1930s. When World War II commenced in Europe, La Meri settled in New York City in 1940 and established herself as one of the world’s foremost ethnologic performers. This chapter investigates debates that surrounded La Meri in the 1940s to illuminate the tensions that developed between so-called ethnic dance and modern dance, on the one hand, and cultural formations of whiteness, on the other.
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Förster, Larissa, and Friedrich von Bose. "Concerning curatorial practice in ethnological museums: an epistemology of postcolonial debates." In Curatopia. Manchester University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526118196.003.0004.
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Based on our experience as editors of a debate on ethnographic museums in a German journal, we analyse the conditions and limits of the current debate on the ‘decolonisation’ of ethnographic museums in the German-speaking context. Strictly speaking, the German debate lags behind a bit in relation to the Anglophone debate, but in the face of the re-organisation of the Berlin ethnographic museum as ‘Humboldt-Forum’ it provides crucial insights into the epistemology of unfolding postcolonial debates. We diagnose certain pitfalls of this discussion, e.g. a tendency towards antagonisms and dichotomisation, an overemphasis on the topic of representation and on deconstructionist approaches, an underestimation of anthropology’s critical and self-reflexive potential and too narrow a focus on ethnographic collections. From our point of view, decolonisation must be a joint effort of all kinds of museum types - ethnographic museums, art museums and (natural) history museums as well as city museums, a museum genre being discussed with increased intensity these days. As a consequence, we suggest a more thorough reflection upon the positionality of speakers, but also upon the format, genre and media that facilitate or impede mutual understanding. Secondly, a multi-disciplinary effort to decolonise museum modes of collecting, ordering, interpreting and displaying is needed, i.e. an effort, which cross-cuts different museum types and genres. Thirdly, curators working towards this direction will inevitably have to deal with the problems of disciplinary boundary work and the underlying institutional and cultural-political logics. They eventually will have to work in cross-disciplinary and cross-institutional ways, in order to reassemble disparate collections and critically interrogate notions of ‘communities’ as entities with clear-cut boundaries. After all, in an environment of debate, an exhibition cannot any longer be understood as a means of conveying and popularising knowledge, but rather as a way of making an argument in 3D.
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Gilroy, Paul. "Masters, Mistresses, Slaves, and the Antinomies of Modernity." In A Political Companion to Frederick Douglass. University Press of Kentucky, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813175621.003.0002.
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Modernity is a notion widely debated, whether it is the periodization of modernity or the attributes defining the modern period. Jürgen Habermas situates the Enlightenment as a moment of critique of the early-modern period and the reimagining of modernity after the Age of Reason. This chapter argues that Habermas’s call for completing the unfinished project of the Enlightenment fails to acknowledge the defining moment of modernity—New World slavery—and the agents of the modernizing process—the slaves. The chapter investigates the dynamics of mastery and slavery that are at the center of modernity through close examination of Frederick Douglass’s only work of fiction, The Heroic Slave (1853), supplemented with references to “The Claims of the Negro Ethnologically Considered” (1854) and Douglass’s slave narratives. The memory of slavery, the chapter contends, is integral to theorizations of freedom.
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Küller, Rikard. "Environmental Assessment from a Neuropsychological Perspective." In Environment, Cognition, and Action. Oxford University Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195062205.003.0012.
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Environmental assessment is closely related to the impact environments make on people. Places that induce anxiety and stress in childhood may be regarded with dismay later in life. The relationship between people and their environments may be conceived in physiological, psychological, or ethnological terms, or, which is often the case, by concepts borrowed from these three fields simultaneously. The description of the relationship can be kept either at a molecular or a molar level. The former may be exemplified by the effect of noise on blood pressure, while the latter may be the home's impact on the developing child. The present chapter constitutes an attempt to formulate a model at the molar level of human-environment interaction, largely based on knowledge from the neuropsychological discipline. For the sake of clarity I will first discuss some of the basic concepts employed in contemporary model building in neuropsychology. I will then suggest that these concepts may be brought together into what I have called the basic emotional process. I will support this construct by results from previous research on emotion, and also demonstrate the remarkable congruence between the physiological and semantic branches of this research. Using the emotional process as a focus, a model of human-environment interaction will be proposed, which describes how the person may feel and act under the influence of the physical and social environment, mediated by his or her individual reaction tendencies. The presentation will be illustrated by reference to field studies and experiments carried out by our group since the mid-1960s. Ample use will also be made of studies carried out elsewhere. However, the chapter does not, in the conventional sense, constitute a review of the existing literature on environmental assessment. Instead, it presents one view on assessment, which naturally leads to a specific organization of the existing evidence. One advantage of the proposed model is that it has the capacity to incorporate recent findings of the neurosciences in a detailed and precise way. The model may also be developed and tested further in this direction. Another advantage is that the model has proven to be a useful tool in the environmental design process.
Conference papers on the topic "Ethnological models"
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Cusnir, Josefina. "Interpretative ethnological model “decalogue and harmonizing hermeneutic maxims of obligatoriness: an aspect of upbringing”: on the example of the memoir prose of a native of Chisinau." In Patrimoniul cultural: cercetare, valorificare, promovare. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975351379.31.
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The interpretive ethnological model “The Decalogue and Harmonizing Hermeneutic Maxims of Obligatoriness: An Aspect of Upbringing” is developed within the framework of a noetic interdisciplinary system of our four concepts (concept of humanization of myth; concept of megamodern; concept of ethicizing mythological consciousness; concept of aesthetic meaning). This system is based on the works by many outstanding scholars, including the achievements of interpretive (hermeneutic) anthropology by C. Geertz, the ideas of J.J. Wunenburger, K. Hubner, V. Frankl, E. Fromm, N. Berdyaev, J. Ortega y Gasset, K. Jaspers, etc. In the interpretative model, the eight “implicit principles of upbringing (world perception, behavior) according to the Decalogue” revealed by us are applied: these principles are based on the concept of man and the Universe represented in the Ten Commandments. This model allows examining distinct hermeneutic maxims as a sort of ethnocultural specificity of shaping the epoch of “new humanism for the 21st century” (UNESCO). A Family Portrait in the Midst of Chisinau Landscape, memoir prose by Susanna Cușnir, is examined according to this model. One of the revealed hermeneutic maxims reads: “The Universe is such that man can follow his creative impulses at any age”.
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Cusnir, Jozefina. "Implicit principles of upbringing according to the decalogue: their ethnocultural specificity in childhood and youth memories of a jewish resident of Chisinau." In Ethnology Symposium "Ethnic traditions and processes", Edition II. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975333788.17.
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The instrumentarium of this research is based upon the achievements of interpretive anthropology by C. Geertz and includes a number of our developments implemented within the concept of ethicizing mythological consciousness (a special component of the interdisciplinary system of four concepts which is being developed by us). These developments include: a) eight fundamental principles of Jewish upbringing which are implicit principles of upbringing (view of life, behavior) according to the Decalogue and are based on the concept of man and the Universe represented in the Ten Commandments; b) an interpretive ethnological model “The Decalogue and Harmonizing Hermeneutic Maxims of Obligatoriness: An Aspect of Upbringing.” The narratives by Raisa Lvovna Gandelman, born in 1903 in Chisinau, serve as materials for the study. Raisa Lvovna’s childhood and youth memories about the way her mother was treating her when the girl was sick, Ruhele’s recollections of her father, a proposal of marriage made to her at the age of seventeen, etc., are analyzed. The revealed hermeneutic maxims are identified as ethnocultural specificity of shaping the epoch of “new humanism in the 21st century” (UNESCO).