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Journal articles on the topic 'Ethnographic objects'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

O’Doherty, Damian, and Daniel Neyland. "The developments in ethnographic studies of organising: Towards objects of ignorance and objects of concern." Organization 26, no. 4 (May 23, 2019): 449–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350508419836965.

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In this introduction to the Special Issue, we review the rich tradition of ethnographic studies in organisation studies and critically examine the place of ethnography in organisation studies as practised in schools of business and management. Drawing on the findings of the articles published here, we reflect on the need for a significant extension of the content and syllabus of our discipline to include what we call objects of concern and objects of ignorance. The articles we publish show that decision makers in organizations are not always humans, and nor can we assume the human and its groups monopolise the capacity for agency in organisation. Where we still labour in organisation theory with dualisms such as structure or agent, or subject and object, these articles trace objects and their relations which point to new forms of non-human co-ordination and agency. The organisational realities to which these objects give rise demand careful methodological enquiry, and we show that recent experiments in a genre we call ‘post-reflexive ethnography’ are likely to prove helpful for developing ethnographic enquiry in contemporary organisation.

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2

Flexner, James L. "Archaeology and Ethnographic Collections." Museum Worlds 4, no. 1 (July 1, 2016): 167–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/armw.2016.040113.

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ABSTRACTThe archaeological value of museum collections is not limited to collections labelled “archaeology.” “Ethnology” or “ethnography” collections can provide useful information for evaluating broadly relevant theoretical and methodological discussions in the discipline. The concepts of provenience (where something was found), provenance (where the materials for an object originated), and context (the ways an object is and was interpreted and used within a cultural milieu) are central to much archaeo-logical interpretation. Archaeologists have often looked to living societies as analogues for better understanding these issues. Museum ethnographic collections from Vanuatu provide a case study offering a complementary approach, in which assemblages of ethnographic objects and associated information allow us to reconstruct complex networks of movement, exchange, and entanglement.

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3

Pratt, Stephanie. "OBJECTS, PERFORMANCE AND ETHNOGRAPHIC SPECTACLE." Interventions 15, no. 2 (June 2013): 272–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369801x.2013.798476.

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4

Hastings, Jesse. "50,000 Frequent Flier Miles: Thoughts on a Multi-Sited Organizational Ethnography." Practicing Anthropology 35, no. 2 (April 1, 2013): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.35.2.a474132344627j64.

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George Marcus (1995:96), in a 1995 paper, defined multi-sited ethnography as "moving out from single sites and local situations of conventional ethnographic research designs to circulation of cultural meanings, objects, and identities in diffuse time-space." In the 18 years since, multi-sited ethnography as an object of study and practice has gained immense popularity. Both scholars and practitioners have applied the concept to many phenomena, including migrations (Fitzgerald 2006) and commodity chains (Bestor 2001; Freidberg 2001). Several recent books explore the concept in depth (Coleman and Von Hellermann 2011; Falzon 2009). However, little of this work has directly focused upon organizational ethnographies, and less still has examined how applied anthropologists inside and outside of academia can design projects to ensure benefit to those informants who make these ethnographies possible.

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5

Baranov, Dmitry. "DEPERSONALIZED OBJECTS: PARADOXES OF ETHNOGRAPHIC COLLECTIONS." Antropologicheskij forum 16, no. 47 (December 2020): 113–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/1815-8870-2020-16-47-113-136.

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In ethnographic studies of material culture, things are described primarily as signs of social phenomena; but things themselves remain in the shadows. Even when it comes to museum research, a material object is considered either as an element of the classification series, or as an example of the manufacturing and living techniques in the local tradition, or as a representative of the cultural contexts from which it was removed. The very collection format of museum storage hides the uniqueness of a thing, because the collection is not able to accommodate its singular nature, since each thing is really a “universe of individuality”. The article examines possible ways for museum ethnography to go beyond its inherent anonymous and depersonalizing discourse. As an alternative to the latter, a “biographical” focus is proposed, which allows one to see subjectivity and individuality in things. The uniqueness of a thing is manifested not only in its biography, but also in its very materiality: material, shape, design, texture, color, weight, smell, etc. The close attention of the ethnographic museum to specific objects and the people to whom they belonged makes it possible to highlight those details and particulars, without which it is impossible to understand culture as a whole.

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Middleton, Townsend, and Eklavya Pradhan. "Dynamic duos: On partnership and the possibilities of postcolonial ethnography." Ethnography 15, no. 3 (August 20, 2014): 355–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1466138114533451.

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This article brings anthropologist and research assistant into mutually reflective critique of one another, the researcher–assistant dynamic, and the challenges of fieldwork in contemporary India. The authors have worked together in the politically charged, ethnologically saturated context of ‘tribal’ Darjeeling since 2006. To realize the potential of their partnership, Middleton and Pradhan were forced to come to creative terms with the problematic legacy of anthropology in South Asia. Working with – and ultimately through – the colonialities at hand, they have pursued a ‘postcolonial ethnography’ replete with new objects of analysis, new modes of study, and new forms of ethnographic connectivity. Asking what made them work as a dynamic duo and what ethnographic possibilities exist in the postcolonial era, ethnographer and assistant here come together to reflect upon and reproduce the dialogics of ethnographic practice, so as to explore the characters, conditions, and im/possibilities of contemporary ethnography – postcolonial and otherwise.

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7

Richardin, P., and N. Gandolfo. "Radiocarbon Dating and Authentication of Ethnographic Objects." Radiocarbon 55, no. 3 (2013): 1810–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200048712.

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This article describes the contribution of the radiocarbon dating method to the authentication of ethnographic objects on some significant examples coming from the collections of the Quai Branly Museum (Paris, France) and the Museum of African Arts (Marseilles, France). The first object is a bludgeon of hard wood from the Tupinambá ethnic group and thought to be brought from Brazil by Andre Thévet, cosmographer of King Francis I. This object supposedly dates to the 16th century. Another example concerns a series of architectural columns, brought from Peru in 1910 by Captain Paul Berthon from the archaeological site of Pachacamac, the largest sanctuary on the central coast of Peru. These pieces have induced a strong reaction in the French scientific community, which has described them as “some vulgar fake” because of a particular decoration and also their unique typology. We will present also the dating of 2 Tibetan textiles and 2 pre-Columbian ponchos made with feathers, which were not well documented. The last example concerns a decorated skull covered with a mosaic of blue and black turquoises and belonging to a civilization predating the Aztecs (AD 1300–1500). All these examples illustrate the decisive contribution of 14C dating to the authentication of museum objects that lack information about their origin.

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8

Järventie-Thesleff, Rita, Minna Logemann, Rebecca Piekkari, and Janne Tienari. "Roles and identity work in “at-home” ethnography." Journal of Organizational Ethnography 5, no. 3 (October 10, 2016): 235–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joe-07-2016-0015.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to shed new light on carrying out “at-home” ethnography by building and extending the notion of roles as boundary objects, and to elucidate how evolving roles mediate professional identity work of the ethnographer. Design/methodology/approach In order to theorize about how professional identities and identity work play out in “at-home” ethnography, the study builds on the notion of roles as boundary objects constructed in interaction between knowledge domains. The study is based on two ethnographic research projects carried out by high-level career switchers – corporate executives who conducted research in their own organizations and eventually left to work in academia. Findings The paper contends that the interaction between the corporate world and academia gives rise to specific yet intertwined roles; and that the meanings attached to these roles and role transitions shape the way ethnographers work on their professional identities. Research limitations/implications These findings have implications for organizational ethnography where the researcher’s identity work should receive more attention in relation to fieldwork, headwork, and textwork. Originality/value The study builds on and extends the notion of roles as boundary objects and as triggers of identity work in the context of “at-home” ethnographic research work, and sheds light on the way researchers continuously contest and renegotiate meanings for both domains, and move from one role to another while doing so.

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9

Niinimaa, Gail Sundstrom. "Mounting Systems for Ethnographic Textiles and Objects." Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 26, no. 2 (1987): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3179457.

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10

Stulik, Dusan, and Henry Florsheim. "Binding Media Identification in Painted Ethnographic Objects." Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 31, no. 3 (1992): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3179724.

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Niinimaa, Gail Sundstrom. "Mounting Systems for Ethnographic Textiles and Objects." Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 26, no. 2 (January 1987): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/019713687806027861.

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12

Stulik, Dusan, and Henry Florsheim. "Binding Media Identification in Painted Ethnographic Objects." Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 31, no. 3 (January 1992): 275–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/019713692806066565.

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13

Cruikshank, Julie. "Imperfect Translations: Rethinking Objects of Ethnographic Collections." Museum Anthropology 19, no. 1 (March 1995): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mua.1995.19.1.25.

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14

Ladik, Elena, and A. Makridina. "PRINCIPLES OF FORMING OBJECTS OF ETHNOGRAPHIC TOURISM WITH REGIONAL FEATURES ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE BELGOROD REGION." Technical Aesthetics and Design Research 1, no. 3 (December 23, 2020): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2687-0878-2019-1-3-37-44.

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The problems of planning the organization of territories and objects of ethnographic tourism, taking into account the landscape features of the regions of the Russian Federation, in particular the Belgorod region, are relevant. The study developed regional principles for planning ethno-tourist spaces on the example of the Belgorod region. The object of research is the territories favorable for the development of ethnographic tourism objects within the Belgorod region, the subject of research is the influence of regional historical and cultural features on the formation of ethnographic tourism territories. As a result of the study, based on the analysis of world and national experience in the design of ethnographic tourism objects, their typological and historical-cultural analysis, the principles of organizing ethnographic tourism objects were developed. These principles take into account such regional features of the cultural landscapes of the Belgorod region, as the principle of preservation of the cultural landscape, the principle of authenticity of the recreated environment, the principle of symbolic exposure, the principle of stylistic unity and the multi-level principle. The use of the developed principles will allow us to preserve the identity and originality of the environment, reduce anthropogenic pressures on valuable landscape areas, increase information content and determine the gradual immersion in the concept of a tourist site.

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15

St. George, Robert. "Ethnographic Things." Ethnologies 34, no. 1-2 (August 6, 2014): 3–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1026143ar.

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The social history and aesthetic value of art made by Haida people are subjects often in conflict or marked by a lack of clarity. This essay attempts to explore the things made on Haida Gwaii for different purposes: for entirely local use and in relation to one or two mythic cycles. Then, beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, the collectors, dealers, and museum of the western world arrived; they took thousands of objects away, and by 1880 many Haida artists could assert continuity by making model houses, totem poles, and boats for growing souvenir markets.

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16

Lange, Ann-Christina, Marc Lenglet, and Robert Seyfert. "On studying algorithms ethnographically: Making sense of objects of ignorance." Organization 26, no. 4 (October 30, 2018): 598–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350508418808230.

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In this article, we make sense of financial algorithms as new objects of concern for organizational ethnography. We conceive of algorithms as ‘objects of ignorance’ jeopardizing traditional ethnography from the perspective of its categories and methods. We investigate the organizational politics taking place within high-frequency trading – a sub-field of algorithmic trading where automated decision-making without human direction has reached a peak, and show that financial algorithms raise particular epistemic and methodological challenges for practitioners and ethnographers alike. Consequently, we develop a typology for various interpretations of algorithms as ethnographic objects, accounting for their structural ignorance and shedding light on a continuum of the changing human-machine/trader-algorithm relation. To this end, we use the concepts of ‘quasi-object’ and ‘quasi-subject’ as developed by Michel Serres, and make the point that in order to study financial algorithms ethnographically, we need to think anew the dynamic relationship they embody, and acknowledge their constitutive heterogeneity.

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17

Sztandara, Magdalena. "“We are fed up …Being research objects!” negotiating identities and solidarities in militant ethnography." Human Affairs 31, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 262–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/humaff-2021-0022.

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Abstract This article describes experiences of long-term ethnographic fieldwork on disobedience, disloyalty and dissensus among women in public space in selected (post-)Yugoslav cities. I focus on the opportunities and pitfalls of feminist ethnography and methodology in the context of positionality, engagement and solidarity as essential elements of research into activist networks. In order to problematize the emerging field positionalities and solidarities, I examine the “militant ethnography” methodological approach (Jeffrey Juris), which seeks to move beyond the divide between research practice and politically engaged participation. It is about being among and within the activist network and adopting many identities and roles by constantly shifting between reflective solidarity and analysis. In trying to shed light on the critical self-reflective research process of embodied understandings and experiences, I focus on ethnographic practices embedded in transnational “crowded fields” that encompass the dynamics of relationships and dependencies between knowledge producers.

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18

De Laet, Marianne. "Patents, Travel, Space: Ethnographic Encounters with Objects in Transit." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 18, no. 2 (April 2000): 149–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d211t.

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In this paper, an ethnographical take on objects in motion, I follow the travel of patents from their places of origin in the Western world of technoscience to newly developing worlds. I argue that not only does the influx of patents and patent systems change the sociotechnical configurations in which they emerge; the patent itself—or so I claim—changes with its travel as well, and so it is a different thing in different places. I thus link the nature of things with the places in which they operate, and frame the patent as both a changeable object and an agent of change.

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19

ter Keurs, Pieter. "Things of the Past ? Museums and Ethnographic Objects." Journal des africanistes 69, no. 1 (1999): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/jafr.1999.1187.

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20

INDRIE, LILIANA, MARILÉS BONET-ARACIL, DORINA CAMELIA ILIES, ADINA VICTORIA ALBU, GABRIELA ILIES, GRIGORE VASILE HERMAN, STEFAN BAIAS, and MONICA COSTEA. "Heritage ethnographic objects – antimicrobial effects of chitosan treatment." Industria Textila 72, no. 03 (June 30, 2021): 284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.072.03.1812.

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Chitosan is a natural polymer, which presents, according to studies made up to present, low toxicity and goodbiocompatibility. Recent studies are focused not only on its antimicrobial effects on textiles, because this polysaccharideleads to improvements such as: shrink resistance, dye uptake etc. Two Romanian traditional shirts were non-invasively tested by applying Chitosan and by investigating the SEM images,before and after applying the chitosan. The paper underlines the surface modifications of tested textiles using chitosan.The odd agents on the fibres surfaces were removed and the limitation of the number of microorganisms was observed

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21

Fu, Diana, and Erica S. Simmons. "Ethnographic Approaches to Contentious Politics: The What, How, and Why." Comparative Political Studies 54, no. 10 (June 25, 2021): 1695–721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00104140211025544.

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How should we study contentious politics in an era rife with new forms of contention, both in the United States and abroad? The introduction to this special issue draws attention to one particularly crucial methodological tool in the study of contention: political ethnography. It showcases the ways in which ethnographic approaches can contribute to the study of contentious politics. Specifically, it argues that “what,” “how,” and “why” questions are central to the study of contention and that ethnographic methods are particularly well-suited to answering them. It also demonstrates how ethnographic methods push scholars to both expand the objects of inquiry and rethink what the relevant units of analysis might be. By uncovering hidden processes, exploring social meanings, and giving voice to unheard stories, ethnography and “ethnography-plus” approaches contribute to the study of contention and to comparative politics, writ large.

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22

Shott, Michael J. "Bipolar Industries: Ethnographic Evidence and Archaeological Implications." North American Archaeologist 10, no. 1 (July 1989): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/aakd-x5y1-89h6-ngjw.

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Bipolar objects are common in archaeological assemblages. Produced by hammer-and-anvil knapping, these objects generally are classified in one of two conflicting ways: as cores or as wedges. Although most archaeologists take the first view, the second remains prevalent in some quarters, especially in eastern North American Paleo-Indian studies. Setting forth and evaluating the corollaries of both views, this article concludes that most bipolar objects—even in Paleo-Indian assemblages—are cores. It also documents ethnographic observations of bipolar reduction at some length.

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23

Toșa, Ioan. "Muzeul Etnografic al Transilvaniei și regii României." Anuarul Muzeului Etnograif al Transilvaniei 33 (December 20, 2019): 206–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47802/amet.2019.33.13.

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The author presents several archive documents regarding the relations between the Transylvanian Museum of Ethnography and the Kings of Romania, providing useful information for knowing the Museum’s history. The first document presented is Decision 7487 of December 21, 1922, signed by Prince Carol; this Decision, by appointing Professor Romulus Vuia as the institution’s director, recognizes all the achievements of the Commission that Professor Vuia had established in the spring of 1922 for the purchase of A. Orosz Collection, in order to set up an ethnographic museum in Cluj. The article presents the List of objects to be collected for the Ethnographic Museum; in this list the first attempt was made to specify the notion of ethnographic object and to establish the field of ethnography as an independent science. In the next part of the paper, there are some documents showing the contribution of the Royal Foundation and of the Ministry of Arts and Religious Affairs to supporting Professor Vuia in the creation and development of ethnographic museography by establishing modern systems of evidence, conservation and valorization of the museum heritage. At the end of the article, the author presents several documents regarding the two visits of King Carol II to the Museum, the first visit in 1930, with the Queen Mother, and the second in 1937, when the Museum was inaugurated in the City Park building; the author also presents two photos taken during the visit of King Michael and Queen Anne at the Museum in 2008.

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24

Lee, David J., Louise Bacon, and Vincent Daniels. "Some Conservation Problems Encountered with Turmeric on Ethnographic Objects." Studies in Conservation 30, no. 4 (November 1985): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1506041.

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Lee, David J., Louise Bacon, and Vincent Daniels. "Some conservation problems encountered with turmeric on ethnographic objects." Studies in Conservation 30, no. 4 (November 1985): 184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/sic.1985.30.4.184.

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26

Jones, Philip. "The boomerang's erratic flight: The mutability of ethnographic objects." Journal of Australian Studies 16, no. 35 (December 1992): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443059209387118.

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27

Hanks, Michele. "Haunted Objects." Nova Religio 22, no. 4 (May 1, 2019): 60–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nr.2019.22.4.60.

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In contemporary England, paranormal investigation has emerged as a popular means of seeking knowledge about reportedly ghostly phenomena. Paranormal investigators are self-fashioned experts who aim to balance scientistic and spiritual perspectives in the hope of proving or disproving the existence of ghosts from an objective perspective. Despite their collective goal to understand the paranormal, many investigators experience profound doubt of its reality and nature. Drawing on long-term ethnographic fieldwork with English paranormal investigators, this essay examines how investigators’ engagement with material culture mediates their experience of doubt. Ultimately, this essay argues that material culture, in the form of haunted objects, helps mitigate, produce, and extend investigators’ doubts about the nature of the paranormal and the meaning of materiality itself.

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Toșa, Ioan, and Tudor Sălăgean. "Din istoria muzeografiei românești." Anuarul Muzeului Etnograif al Transilvaniei 30 (December 20, 2016): 166–238. http://dx.doi.org/10.47802/amet.2016.30.12.

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The authors present the less known activity held at the Transylvanian Museum of Ethnography from 1937 to 1957 towards: Research and Conservation of the Folk Cultural Heritage; Development of a network of ethnographic museums; Establishment of circles of ethnographic researches; Capitalisation through exhibitions and publications. For the research and preservation of the folk cultural heritage there were organised research and acquisition campaigns and there were made questionnaires for finding the buildings for the National park which unfortunately could not be completed because of the war, and after the war because of the political changes. The preservation and capitalisation of the folk heritage could be done successfully only by institutions and qualified individuals, so that the Museum intervened with the bodies of central and local authorities for the establishment of some museums or ethnographic sections in Iasi, Cernauti, Timisoara and Craiova and by ensuring qualified staff trained within the Department and Seminar of ethnography and folklore. An intense activity was made during 1939-1946 towards organizing Circles of ethnographic researches in the main cultural centres of the country, so that their union to re-establish the Romanian Ethnographic Society. The opening of the permanent exhibition in the building of Bărnuţiu Garden represented a very important moment for the Romanian museography by the implications it has had on the followings: the exhibition furniture, the theme and the exposure system, which represented a model for efforts of some institutions to present the collections of objects which they held between 1937-1940. The authors present then some aspects of Museum work during the refuge in Sibiu (1940-1945) and the difficulties for restoration of the building in the Park in order to organize the Exhibition following the model of the one in 1937. The change of political regime in 1947 coincided with the forced retirement of Professor R. Vuia. There are presented the attempts to continue in 1948-1950 the projects started after returning from refugee interrupted by the change of the director (May 1950) and of the staff (1951). In November 1951, by the Decision of the Committee for Higher Education, the Museum was passed to the Committee for Cultural Settlements, receiving the name "Historical-Ethnographic Museum of Cluj Region". In 1951, the Museum staff have drawn up a Directory for the organization of the new museum exhibition, which the authors, taking into account the fact that this is the only document on how a permanent exhibition theme is made, publishes in its entirety. The theme was sent to the Committee for Cultural Settlements that rejected and outlined the directions the exhibition named "The issue of living and evolution of the society beginning with human formation until nowadays " to be made. The intense discussions regarding the exhibition theme were held in 1953, after which it was established the thematic plan of the exhibition, which was opened on 24th of May 1955, for which it was made an illustrated guide that was to be printed in 1957.

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Raffai, Judit, and Ferenc Németh. "Representation of 19th century Serbian folk architecture from Banat in the ethnographic village of the Hungarian Millennium Exhibition (1896)." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 166 (2018): 281–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1866281r.

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In the last quarter of the 19th century, national exhibitions had become popular in Hungary as well, following the examples of world exhibitions around Europe. A part of this process was the Hungarian Millennium Exhibition set up in 1896, which mobilised enormous energy and presented the ethnographic values of the region with special emphasis. In the Ethnographic Village of the exhibition, the counties of the country set up valid copies of 24 furnished farmhouses from their regions. Twelve of these houses were intended to present the folk culture of national minorities living in Hungary. The Toront?l County, among other things, exhibited a Serbian house type from Crepaja village and a copy of its furniture, as well as Serbian folk costumes from villages Melenci and Crepaja. A research preceded the exhibition. J?nos Jank?, an ethnographer from Budapest, conducted a fieldwork in the above mentioned settlements in 1894, with the support of the Toront?l County. During his trip, he made notes, photos and drawings. He summarised the results of his research on several occasions. After the closing of the exhibition, the objects were placed in the collection of the then-formed Museum of Ethnography in Budapest, where they can be found even today. In our work, we would like to publish the results of this research and exhibition in a wider context, since these data, drawings and photos, which are mostly unknown for the ethnography and cultural history of the region, originate from the earliest stage of professional ethnographic research in Banat.

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30

Evans, Michael. "Creating an Inventory of Ethnographic Resources in Our National Parks." Practicing Anthropology 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.26.1.60mqj156p3v411q2.

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In the latter half of the 1980s, Muriel (Miki) Crespi, Chief Ethnographer for the National Park Service, gave voice to the concept in the National Park Service of "ethnographic resources" and a systematic effort to survey and inventory national parks for their presence. Within the National Park Service at the time, "cultural resources" were archeology sites, buildings, structures, museum objects, and landscapes that were mostly historic (or prehistoric) in nature. These types of cultural resources were considered tangible objects or "properties" that had some element of historical value and could be identified, counted, and subsequently "managed." In most cases, the identification and evaluation of these cultural resources was based on whether they fit into the criteria of significance developed for the National Register of Historic Places.

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31

Vakhobov, Botirali. "ETHNOGRAPHIC GROUPS OF THE FERGHANA VALLEY." JOURNAL OF LOOK TO THE PAST 18, no. 2 (September 30, 2019): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9599-2019-18-05.

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In given article the scientific concept of one of ethnological objects - "subethnos"reveals. Subethnos an ethnos version, and studying of its features now is necessary. The subethnos theory (ethnographic group) it was investigated on the basis of scientific views and the literature. In article the origin of subethnos and the sights of researchers connected with it is consecrated

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32

Zedeño, María Nieves. "Animating by Association: Index Objects and Relational Taxonomies." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 19, no. 3 (October 2009): 407–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774309000596.

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Despite great variability in archaeological and ethnographic material culture across North America, a handful of objects are ubiquitous in assemblages of different ages and geographies. These index objects are clues to ontological principles, such as animacy, that guide the interactions between Native Americans and the material world. The impact of relational ontologies on the formation of heterogeneous archaeological assemblages may be evaluated through analyses of index objects and contextual associations. To this effect, this article presents the outline of an assemblage-based relational taxonomy, where spatial, temporal, and formal dimensions are combined with object biographies, interactive roles, and social relations.

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HANDLER, RICHARD. "Objects of Culture: Ethnology and Ethnographic Museums in Imperial Germany." American Anthropologist 106, no. 3 (September 2004): 631. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.2004.106.3.631.1.

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34

Kyriakides, Theodoros. "Tactics as ethnographic and conceptual objects: introduction to special section." Social Anthropology 26, no. 4 (November 2018): 452–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-8676.12584.

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Huysecom, Eric, Irka Hajdas, Marc-André Renold, Hans-Arno Synal, and Anne Mayor. "The “Enhancement” of Cultural Heritage by AMS Dating: Ethical Questions and Practical Proposals." Radiocarbon 59, no. 2 (September 15, 2016): 559–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2016.79.

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AbstractThe looting of archaeological and ethnographic objects from emerging countries and areas of conflict has prospered due to the high prices that these objects can achieve on the art market. This commercial value now almost necessarily requires proof of authenticity by the object’s age. To do so, absolute dating has been conducted since the end of the 1970s on terra cotta art objects using the thermoluminescence method, a practice that has since been condemned. It is only more recently, since the 2000s, that art dealers and collectors have begun to use the accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) method to date different kinds of objects made of organic materials. Compared to conventional radiocarbon dating, the AMS technique requires only very small samples, thus depreciating neither the aesthetics nor commercial value of the object. As a result, the use of absolute dating has become widespread, accompanying the increase in looting of the cultural heritage of countries destabilized by political overthrows and armed conflicts, especially in the Near East and Africa. The present article condemns the practice of AMS dating of looted art objects and encourages the creation of a code of deontology for 14C dating laboratories in order to enhance an ethical approach in this sensitive field facing the current challenges.

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Rafael, Ulisses N., and Yvonne Maggie. "Sorcery objects under institutional tutelage: magic and power in ethnographic collections." Vibrant: Virtual Brazilian Anthropology 10, no. 1 (June 2013): 276–342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1809-43412013000100014.

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This essay returns to a discussion of two collections of objects taken from two terreiros (places of worship) for Afro-Brazilian cults, namely the Magia Negra (Black Magic) collection at the Museu da Polícia do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro Police Museum) and the Perseverança collection at the Instituto Histórico e Geográfico de Alagoas - IHGAL (Alagoas Historical and Geographical Institute), in Maceió. In both cases we looked at how members of Brazil's elite are involved in sorcery and how members of this elite circulate in candomblé, xangô, umbanda and other terreiros. In this essay, in particular, we examine the subject of the collections in the context of recent changes arising from heritage-listing policies in Brazil that have decisively affected relations between these objects and institutions charged with protecting and preserving cultural heritage.

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Sandy, Mark, and Louise Bacon. "INVESTIGATION INTO THE DEGRADATION OFRAPHIAPALM LEAF MATERIAL USED IN ETHNOGRAPHIC OBJECTS." Studies in Conservation 45, sup2 (October 2000): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/sic.2000.45.s2.026.

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Sherman, D. J. ""Peoples Ethnographic": Objects, Museums, and the Colonial Inheritance of French Ethnology." French Historical Studies 27, no. 3 (July 1, 2004): 669–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00161071-27-3-669.

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George, Kenneth M. "Objects on the loose: Ethnographic encounters with unruly artefacts a foreword." Ethnos 64, no. 2 (January 1999): 149–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00141844.1999.9981595.

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Franey, Laura. "ETHNOGRAPHIC COLLECTING AND TRAVEL: BLURRING BOUNDARIES, FORMING A DISCIPLINE." Victorian Literature and Culture 29, no. 1 (March 2001): 219–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106015030129113x.

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“To tell you the truth, Stein,” I said, with an effort that surprised me, “I came here to describe a specimen. . . .” “Butterfly?” he asked, with an unbelieving and humorous eagerness. “Nothing so perfect,” I answered, feeling suddenly dispirited with all sorts of doubts. “A man!” “Ach so!” he murmured, and his smiling countenance, turned to me, became grave. Then after looking at me for a while he said slowly, “Well — I am a man, too.”— Joseph Conrad, Lord Jim(ellipsis in original)ETHNOGRAPHIC TRAVEL ACCOUNTS AND THE COLLECTING of objects — whether body parts or cultural products — functioned together in the Victorian era as a means of “knowing” other peoples and places to a degree not previously possible. It is true that travelers had long been involved in the appropriation of foreign peoples and their cultural products: we need only think of Christopher Columbus or James Cook returning to Europe with Native Americans or Pacific Islanders and their handicrafts in tow.1 But the importance of both writing about and collecting foreign peoples took on new urgency at a time when scientific organizations and newly-forming disciplines were seeking not only to classify and catalog races but also to determine the moments and means of their differentiation. The historical development of a racialized humankind as the object of intense scientific inquiry, along with the general growth of scientism and the professionalization of scientific disciplines in the Victorian period, resulted in an intense need for raw materials that could be transformed or interpreted into scientific data about non-Europeans. To a considerable extent, anatomists, natural historians, armchair ethnologists, and anthropologists created this data about race based on the information supplied by travel narratives and by the objects — including skulls, skeletons, and cultural artifacts — sent or brought to Europe by travelers to Africa, Asia, and the Americas.

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PETROU, MARISSA H. "Apes, skulls and drums: using images to make ethnographic knowledge in imperial Germany." British Journal for the History of Science 51, no. 1 (March 2018): 69–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087418000018.

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AbstractIn this paper, I discuss the development and use of images employed by the Dresden Royal Museum for Zoology, Anthropology and Ethnography to resolve debates about how to use visual representation as a means of making ethnographic knowledge. Through experimentation with techniques of visual representation, the founding director, A.B. Meyer (1840–1911), proposed a historical, non-essentialist approach to understanding racial and cultural difference. Director Meyer's approach was inspired by the new knowledge he had gained through field research in Asia-Pacific as well as new forms of imaging that made highly detailed representations of objects possible. Through a combination of various techniques, he developed new visual methods that emphasized intimate familiarity with variations within any one ethnic group, from skull shape to material ornamentation, as integral to the new disciplines of physical and cultural anthropology. It is well known that photographs were a favoured form of visual documentation among the anthropological and ethnographic sciences at thefin de siècle. However, in the scholarly journals of the Dresden museum, photographs, drawings, tables and etchings were frequently displayed alongside one another. Meyer sought to train the reader's eye through organized arrangements that represented objects from multiple angles and at various levels of magnification. Focusing on chimpanzees, skulls and kettledrums from Asia-Pacific, I track the development of new modes of making and reading images, from zoology and physical anthropology to ethnography, to demonstrate how the museum visually historicized humankind.

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Staples, Amy J. "Visualism and the Authentification of the Object: Reflections on the Eliot Elisofon Collection at the National Museum of African Art." Collections: A Journal for Museum and Archives Professionals 3, no. 2 (June 2007): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155019060700300209.

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Photographic resources are well known within museum contexts. However, these images are rarely considered in terms of how they enhance the historical value of museum objects, construct aesthetic and ethnographic meanings, and interpret museum collection practices. This paper examines the multi-media collections of Eliot Elisofon, an internationally known photographer and filmmaker who traveled in Africa from 1943-1972. The Elisofon collection at the National Museum of African Art contains both photographic materials and three-dimensional objects created and collected in the course of Elisofon's professional career. I explore the ways in which Elisofon's images have been used to illustrate objects in situ, represent cultural contexts of use and meaning, and create multiple layers of authentication for the objects (i.e., artistic, documentary, ethnographic). Attention is also given to the importance of photography as a collection practice in and of itself.

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Waller, Laurie. "Curating actor-network theory: testing object-oriented sociology in the Science Museum." Museum and Society 14, no. 1 (June 9, 2017): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/mas.v14i1.634.

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Across different traditions of social research, the study of science exhibitions has often taken the form of an ‘object-oriented’ inquiry. In this tradition, actor-network theory (ANT) has focused on how the processes of exhibiting objects mediate relations between science and society. Although ANT has not developed as a theory of curating, it nonetheless contributes to revaluing the work performed by curators in relation to the practice of science. This article describes an ethnographic engagement with a curatorial experiment in a science museum which staged a ‘multi-viewpoint’ exhibition of an object. A display of an object ‘in process’, I take the opportunity of this curatorial experiment to explore analogies drawn in ANT studies between museums and laboratories in attending to the ways that curatorial practices mediate science. I ask whether, and to what extent, ANT can account for curating as a material practice that not only participates in domesticating objects for science but also in problematizing, multiplying and redistributing relations between objects and the social.Key words: actor-network theory, sociology, science studies, curating, objects.

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Jungová, Gabriela. "Daneš the Collector: Pacific Journeys of J. V. Daneš and his Collection in the Náprstek Museum." Annals of the Náprstek Museum 38, no. 2 (2017): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/anpm-2017-0029.

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J. V. Daneš (1880–1928) was not only an outstanding figure of his time in the international scientific community, but also a diplomat and a traveller. Two of his overseas trips led him to Australia and the Pacific region, where he assembled a remarkable collection of ethnographic objects and photographs. This collection, now kept in the National Museum – Náprstek Museum of Asian, African and American Cultures in Prague, has been mostly neglected and unpublished for decades. This paper provides a basis for its further study by introducing Daneš’s journeys around the region and comparing them to the proveniences of the ethnographic objects.

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Charlier, Bernard. "Du chasseur au loup, du loup à l’«objet»." TSANTSA – Journal of the Swiss Anthropological Association 20 (May 1, 2015): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/tsantsa.2015.20.7431.

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This article aims at studying the relationships Mongolian herders who practice hunting entertain with a particular material object, that is a wolf’s ankle bone. I try to show through an ethnographic analysis of the cosmological status of the wolf and the hunting activity that the use of the wolf’s ankle bone by men accounts for an analogical perception of the human and non-human bodies, as well as objects.

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Opdahl Mathisen, Silje. "A record of ethnographic objects procured for the Crystal Palace exhibition in Sydenham." Nordisk Museologi 27, no. 3 (January 28, 2020): 8–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/nm.7719.

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This article investigates the events surrounding the discovery of a double set of Sámi artefacts collected in Norway in the 1850s. While the collecting had received government funding and was initiated by a Norwegian scholar, the commission for it came from London. One set of artefacts was to be exhibited at Crystal Palace in Sydenham, a commercial venue reaching a tremendously large audience. The other set became part of the Ethnographic Museum in Oslo, a much smaller scientific institution established in 1857. By turning the spotlight on the historical context and agencies of these two sets of artefacts, this chapter examines the notions of early ethnographic practices.

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Karina, Alírio. "Uncertain objects and ethnographic possibilities: thinking through the Smithsonian-Universal African Expedition." Safundi 21, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17533171.2019.1681175.

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Neill, D. "Book Review: Objects of Culture: Ethnology and Ethnographic Museums in Imperial Germany." German History 22, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 280–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026635540402200224.

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Wohlwend, Karen E. "mediated discourse analysis: researching young children’s non-verbal interactions as social practice." Journal of Early Childhood Research 7, no. 3 (October 2009): 228–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476718x09336950.

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Young children often use actions rather than talk as they interact with objects and each other to strategically shape the social, material, and cultural environment. New dynamic research designs and methods are needed to capture the collaborative learning and social positioning achieved through children’s non-verbal interactions. Mediated discourse analysis (MDA), a hybrid ethnographic/sociolinguistic approach rooted in cultural-historical activity and practice theories, analyzes mediated actions with objects. A three-year ethnographic study of children’s literacy play illustrates the five-stage process in MDA research design that resulted in microanalysis of children’s activity with social practices, positioning and spaces that included and excluded peers.

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Livne, Inbal. "Tracing the Biographies of Objects and Lives." Anthropos 114, no. 2 (2019): 495–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2019-2-495.

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This article focuses on the Tibetan collections of the National Museum of Scotland, which were formed by colonial agents from the mid-nineteenth to early twentieth century. The meanings and values given to Tibetan material culture in the British colonial context was often predicated on modes of categorisation, whereby objects could be denoted as “artistic,” “ethnographic,” “religious” or as symbols authenticating personal experience and family ties. This article examines how these categories, and the values given to them by collectors, can be used to unpack a complex series of relationships between objects and people in the context of British-Indian colonial society.

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