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1

Gonella, Michael Paul. "Myaamia Ethnobotany." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1184770633.

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2

Collins, Sean. "The ethnobotany of East Timor." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26879.

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The ethnobotany of East Timor was examined for the first time with emphasis being placed on documenting traditional knowledge of medicinal plants. The medicinal plant traditions of 3 distinct East Timorese cultures were studied and compared using both modern quantitative ethnobotanical methods but also with classical descriptive ethnobotanical techniques. A total of 116 medicinal plant species were identified. The medicinal plant traditions of the Laklei and Idate cultures of East Timor were compared using Trotter and Logan's (1986) quantitative 'informant consensus factor'. On average, informant consensus was greater in Laklei suggesting a medicinal plant tradition that is more well defined than in Idate, where informants are more likely to use the same medicinal plants when treating similar illnesses. Furthermore, only 11 of 86 medicinal plant species documented with these two cultures were used by both cultures of which only 6 had similar uses. The medicinal plant tradition of a third indigenous culture, the Fataluku people, was documented using classical descriptive ethnobotanical techniques. Over 70% of the Fataluku medicinal plants were different from those used by the Laklei or the Idate people. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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3

Archer, Fiona M. "Ethnobotany of Namaqualand : the Richtersveld." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21330.

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Bibliography: p. 145-152.
The primary aim of this ethnobotanical dissertation was to provide a biobehavioural focus for indigenous plant use in the semi-arid areas of one of the six so-called Coloured Rural Reserves (Komaggas, Concordia, Richtersveld, Steinkopf, Leliefontein and Pella) in the north-western Cape (Namaqualand). Although much of the indigenous plant lore has been lost through westernization, the descendants of the Nama-speaking Khoi pastoralists, who are traditionally associated with Namaqualand, still partially rely on indigenous plants for subsistence. Firewood is used daily, medicinal plants are collected regularly and edible plants as well as plants used for household and other activities (such as dyeing of leather) are often used. This project can be seen as a rescue operation to obtain information on the use of indigenous plants before this fast-disappearing knowledge is lost. Richtersveld (and Leliefontein, for comparative and enrichment purposes only) were selected because literary sources confirm the observation that these are the areas where customary practises persist. A biobehavioural approach in terms of human-plant interactions has been applied. The main focus of the dissertation is on the diversity of useful plants and the range of activities associated with the use of the plants. The characteristics of the plants have been examined from an emic as well as etic perspective. The emic perspective was found to be particularly significant in assessing plant foods as well as medicinal plants. Etic perspectives were obtained through nutrient analyses of edible plants and discussions and literary research on medicinal compounds in plants used in health care. It seems that the emic and etic perspectives about plants are not as distinct as was initially thought. Peoples' perceptions about the plants guide them in their choice of plants but it is clear that some biological characteristics of the plants give rise to many of these choices. It may be possible to develop a system of criteria for different categories of plants which will enable archaeologists to make inferences about human-plant interactions. The dissertation ends by commenting on the archaeological significance of the way in which plants are used. The conclusion is that the archaeological record is a poor reflection of the range of activities associated with plant use; and a poor reflection of the diversity of plants which are used in subsistence strategies of the pastoralists of Namaqualand.
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4

Azuine, Magnus A. "Cancer and Ethnobotany of Nigeria /." Aachen : Shaker Verlag, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388730857.

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5

Stoffle, Richard W., Rebecca Toupal, Nathaniel O'Meara, and Jill Dumbaul. "Applied Ethnobotany Pipestone National Monument Minnesota." Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology, University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/301299.

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6

Rai, Santosh Kumar. "Studies on the Ethnobotany of Darjeeling Himalaya." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/894.

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7

Stowe, C. J. (Christopher James), and n/a. "The ecology and ethnobotany of karaka (Corynocarpus Laevigatus)." University of Otago. Department of Botany, 2003. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070504.114356.

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Historically there has been considerable debate over the origin of karaka (Corynocarpus laevigatus J.R. et G. Forst.) In contrast, the extent and importance of pre-historic arboriculture in New Zealand has received little attention in the literature. This study reviews the ecology and ethnobotony of karaka and investigates its cultural and natural biogeography. Maori migration traditions frequently state that karaka was introduced to New Zealand. However, molecular evidence and finds of fossil seeds of the late Oligocene age show that karaka is endemic to New Zealand. Therefore, Maori traditions probably relate to the translocation and cultivation of karaka within the New Zealand region, for which there is abundant anecdotal evidence. Karaka fruits were a valuable addition to the Maori diet and were likely to have functioned as a replacement for traditional Polynesian precedents and entailed a rigorous regime of steaming and soaking to rid the kernal of its toxic elements. There is data to suggest selection for fruit size and/or nutritional value in cultivated karaka populations. A database of karaka distribution was compiled and populations classified as �cultural� or �unknown� on the basis of spatial association with archaeological sites. Groves classed as cultural were assumed to be cultivated or translocated by pre-historic Maori. Lack of effective seed dispersal by birds and the longevity of the trees, mean that the contemporary distribution of karaka provides a reasonable template for the extent of its prehistoric translocation and cultivation within New Zealand. Karaka has a distinct cultural and natural biogeography. The greatest overlap between cultural and unknown trees occurred in the northern North Island while the majority of trees in the lower North Island, and all trees in the South Island were classed as cultural. Prior to the arrival of Polynesians in New Zealand, karaka was probably restricted in distribution to the Northland/Auckland region. Its natural range was then extended by human translocation and cultivation to the lower North Island, South Island, Kermadec Islands, Chatham Islands and many other in-shore islands off New Zealand. Climate variables were fitted to the distribution data and discriminant analysis used to further test the classification of karaka into cultural and unknown populations. Significant differences were found in climatic parameters between groups. Cultural karaka were found in enviroments with greater solar radiation seasonality, higher evaporative demands and greater soil moisture deficits than unknown karaka. The climate profile of karaka is biased towards the same environmental correlates of pa and pit site locations, further indicating that karaka was a cultivated tree crop. It is concluded that the importance and extent of karaka arboriculture, and probably that of other endemic tree species currently restricted to the northern North Island of cultural karaka is biased towards the same environmental correlates of pa and pit site locations, further indicating that karaka was a cultivated tree crop. The extensive translocation of karaka by Maori means that it has the potential, with the application of molecular methods, to serve as a marker for prehistoric settlement and mobility. Preliminary work was begun on this aspect and a predictive model is presented of the possible relationships within and between populations of karaka. It is concluded that the importance and extent of karaka arboriculture, and probably that of other endemic tree species, has previously been overlooked. This has implications for our view of certain plant communities as unmodified by humans, and provides an impetus to protect surface vegetation as an integral part of some prehistoric archaeological sites.
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8

Koizumi, Miyako. "Ethnobotany of the Penan Benalui of East Kalimantan, Indonesia." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/137065.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(地域研究)
甲第13410号
地博第47号
新制||地||16(附属図書館)
UT51-2007-Q811
京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科東南アジア地域研究専攻
(主査)教授 小林 繁男, 准教授 岩田 明久, 准教授 重田 眞義, 名誉教授 山田 勇
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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9

Flanagan, Kelin. "Ethnobotany in Florida : Seminole cosmology and medicinal plant use." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1405.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.
Bachelors
Sciences
Anthropology
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10

Salda, Violeta B. "Ethnobotany and food uses of Philippine highland yams (Dioscorea)." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2132637X.

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11

Mondal, Sujit. "Taxonomy, phenology and ethnobotany of palms in West Bengal." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2019. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/4044.

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12

Gericke, N., and AM Viljoen. "Sceletium—A review update." Elsevier, 2008. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000168.

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It is probable that plants of the genus Sceletium (Mesembryanthemaceae) have been used as masticatories and for the relief of thirst and hunger, to combat fatigue, as medicines, and for social and spiritual purposes by San hunter-gatherers (historically referred to as Bushmen) and Khoi pastoralists (historically referred to as Hottentots) for millennia before the earliest written reports of the uses of these plants by European explorers and settlers. The oral-tradition knowledge of the uses of Sceletium by indigenous peoples has largely been eroded over the last three centuries due to conflicts with settlers, genocidal raids against the San, loss of land, the ravages of introduced diseases, and acculturation. Wild resources of Sceletium have also been severely diminished by over-harvesting, poor veld-management, and possibly also by plant diseases. Sceletium was reviewed almost a decade ago and new results have emerged substantiating some of the traditional uses of one of South Africa’s most coveted botanical assets, and suggesting dietary supplement, phytomedicine and new drug applications. This review aims to collate the fragmented information on past and present uses, the alkaloid chemistry and pharmacological evidence generated on Sceletium.
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13

Adhikari, Kamal. "Plants, people and the politics of ethnobotanical knowledge in Nepal." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=214140.

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This dissertation presents a detailed ethnobotanical documentation of the knowledge and use of medicinal plants by the inhabitants of a Tamang hill village in central Nepal. Based on 45 in-depth open-ended qualitative interviews and 115 household surveys, it shows that this knowledge and usage have altered in response to changes in knowledge resulting from increasing links with the outside world. Traditional domestic medical practice is in flux as a result of the introduction of allopathic medicines. The construction of a road to the village has changed agricultural practices and new crops have been introduced for sale. Basic needs which were previously met from the local forests now include commercial goods. Trading in plants is a way of raising the money needed to satisfy them. This can result in unsustainable practices in the utilisation of specific plant resources. The exploitation of plants is also influenced by government officials both at central level where policy is formulated and at district level where it is implemented. Policy and practice are influenced by domestic and foreign traders, and by foreign donor agencies. These processes are illustrated by a case study of sunakhari. This orchid is in high demand in China. The arrival of Chinese traders in the village altered local perceptions of this plant and patterns of behaviour. This study analyses the dynamics of the sunakhari trade and the complexity of its regulation. Corrupt practices in the forestry sector are revealed. The nature and operation of such practices in the exploitation of forest products is examined and its causes are identified. It argues that distribution of ethnobotanical knowledge at the three administrative levels influences the politics of knowledge and the structure of corruption. A map of ethnobotanical knowledge is created making apparent connections and interrelationships between factors underlying the ethnobotanical reality of contemporary Nepal.
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14

Kool, Anneleen. "Desert Plants and Deserted Islands : Systematics and Ethnobotany in Caryophyllaceae." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Systematisk biologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-179853.

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Background. Caryophyllaceae is a large and cosmopolitic flowering plant family, however the systematics of many of its basal groups has been unclear, due to a lack of unambiguous morphology. Some members of Caryophyllaceae are used medicinally, e.g. Corrigiola roots in Morocco. Monitoring the trade in medicinal plants is complicated due to the absence of useful identification characters in plant products such as roots, bark, and powders. This thesis aims at elucidating the systematics and the ethnobotany of some of the basal clades in Caryophyllaceae. Methods. A comprehensive sampling from herbarium as well as market and field collected material was used in systematic studies combining morphological investigation, molecular phylogenetic and molecular dating analyses. Results. The data show that Polycarpon is polyphyletic, that Sphaerocoma is sister to Pollichia and shows some intraspecific variation, that Sanctambrosia falls within the genus Spergularia, and that both Spergula and Spergularia are monophyletic. Preliminary data suggest that Polycarpaea is polyphyletic and should be split into three larger and several smaller genera, that the members of Paronychia subgen. Anaplonychia will need to be transferred to Herniaria to maintain monophyly, and that Caryophyllaceae emerged during the Paleocene. All the major extant lineages originated in the Oligocene and diversified later. Using molecular identification it was possible to identify around 50% of the Moroccan medicinal roots to species level and an additional 30% to genus level. Discussion and conclusions. The polyphyletic Polycarpon needs to be split into at least three separate genera, but no name changes were made pending further research. The two species of Sphaerocoma were merged into one species with two subspecies. The San Ambrosio Island endemic Sanctambrosia, the only tree-like plant in Caryophyllaceae, is probably the result of a long distance dispersal event and its woody habit and gynodioecy are probably caused by inbreeding depression. Sanctambrosia manicata is transferred to Spergularia. Molecular identification put into practice on traded medicinal roots has a somewhat lower success rate than most theoretical studies, indicating that a global barcoding database would need to include reference sequences from a broad range of populations for each species.
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15

Johnson-Fulton, Susannah Brynn. "Systematics, Biogeography, and Ethnobotany of the Pantropical Family Cochlospermaceae (Malvales)." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1399054377.

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16

Leonti, Marco. "Moko/La Rosa Negra, ethnobotany of the Popoluca Veracruz, México /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=14922.

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17

Shilubane, Paul Xilavi. "The ethnobotany of the Tsonga-Shangana in selected areas of Bushbuckridge in the Bohlabela District of the Limpopo Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2397.

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Thesis (PhD. (Anthropology)) --University of Limpopo, 2008
In this study, the multidisciplinary epistemology of ethnobotany is reviewed within the wider context of ethnoecology and indigenous knowledge systems. The major problems derived from this theoretical framework cover aspects of the relationship between cultural groups and their natural environment - particularly the botanical component of the latter. Problems and critical questions about this relationship were investigated in selected areas of the Bushbuckridge district, which are inhabited by a number ofTsonga-Shangana communities. Salient aspects of the natural habitat in the study area are discussed with special reference to the vegetation, climate and soil types. A proper understanding of the culturally-based exploitation of plant resources necessitates a sound knowledge of the culture concerned, including relevan t aspects of its value-system and cosmology. In this review, emphasis is placed on those aspects of culture that are directly concerned with the utilisation of plant resources. The latter include a wide range of economic, technological and medicinal uses. Specimens of 200 plants were collected and identified by the University of Limpopo Herbarium. The uses of every species are described. Systematised tables of plant uses are presented, as well as comparative lists in which selected uses are compared to those of other cultures in which the same species are used. The effects of plant utilisation, as well as indigenous forms of resource management, are also discussed. Recommendations are made on how to counter the process of environmental degradation which is caused by over-exploitation .
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18

Leaman, Danna Jo. "The medicinal ethnobotany of the Kenyah of East Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo)." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10022.

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The hypothesis that plant materials are selected and valued for use in traditional remedies based on their biological activity was examined in the context of the health, culture, and environment of the Kenyah people of the Apo Kayan Plateau, East Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo. In an ethnobotanical survey conducted in three Kenyah villages in the Apo Kayan, 403 remedies involving 203 species of plants were documented. Locally important remedies and taxa were identified, and the distribution of knowledge within the Kenyah communities was evaluated using a new quantitative medicinal importance value index based on consensus. Plants with a high importance value as malaria remedies (IV$\rm\sb{mal}$) produced extracts that inhibited cultured Plasmodium falciparum more effectively than extracts of remedies with low IV$\rm\sb{mal}$ and control plants. Several species were identified for further research directed toward safe and effective treatments for malaria. The relationship between Kenyah selection of medicinal materials from the surrounding Apo Kayan flora according to locally defined plant attributes, their medicinal importance value (IV), and biological activity was investigated through field bioassays for larvicidal, antifungal, and phototoxic activity using brine shrimp (Artemia salina Leach) and brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The distribution of biological activity within the medicinal flora suggests selection by the Kenyah for antifungal activity. Within the medicinally used flora, biologically active tissues are selected over inactive tissues. Biological activity is significantly related to medicinal importance value (IV) at the levels of plant part ($r\sp2 = .64;\ P .05$) and species ($r\sp2 = .64;\ P .01$), and selection frequency is significantly related to biological activity at the level of taxonomic superorder ($r\sp2$ =.32; P =.01). Primary and secondary forest species are exceptionally active. A model combining traditional science and modern science to identify priorities for research on safe and effective uses of traditional remedies, and conservation of medicinal plant and animal resources, is proposed.
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19

Nolan, Justin M. "Ethnobotany in Missouri's Little Dixie : knowledge variation in a regional culture /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9974669.

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20

Domozoro, Charles Yaw Fosu. "Ethnobotany and molecular identification of poisonous plants affecting ruminant livestock in Ghana." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25814.

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21

Bélanger, Julie. "Green leafy vegetables of rural India: ethnobotany and contribution to eye health." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=92338.

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Recognition of the contribution of biological diversity to human health demands more scientifically sound evidence than currently exists, while the multifactorial nature of this relationship calls for innovative research frameworks. This thesis presents a multidisciplinary case study on the contribution of elements of biological diversity, namely wild and cultivated leafy vegetables, towards age-related cataract prevention in a rural developing country context. At the center of this thesis, an ethnobotanical study identified determinants of consumption of leafy vegetables and demonstrated how perceived properties and cultivation status significantly influence consumption patterns. Plant species of interest, analysed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography, were found to exhibit high concentrations of lutein and β-carotene. Drawing on ethnobotanical and analytical data, an eye hospital-based case-control study was conducted to compare leafy vegetable consumption and diversity, along with lutein and zeaxanthin intake, in female patients identified with and without age-related cataract. Conflicting results for associations between leafy vegetable species and age-related cataract, and protective associations for elements of traditional diets, including yogurt and tea, were observed. The integration of results across isolated studies in a multidisciplinary framework further reflected the complex biological, socio-economic and environmental components of eye health and leafy vegetable diversity, and highlighted new knowledge with important application in the eye health of populations at risk.
Afin de reconnaître la contribution de la biodiversité à la santé humaine, de solides preuves scientifiques additionnelles sont requises. D'autre part, la nature multifactorielle de cette relation nécessite l'élaboration de cadres de recherche innovateurs. Ce mémoire présente une étude de cas multidisciplinaire sur la contribution d'éléments de la biodiversité, en particulier les légumes feuillus cultivés et sauvages, en relation avec la prévention de la cataracte liée à l'âge dans le contexte rural de l'Inde du Sud. Au coeur de ce projet, une étude ethnobotanique a permis d'identifier les facteurs déterminant la consommation de légumes feuillus, et de démontrer l'influence significative des propriétés qui leur sont attribuées et de leur statut de culture sur les habitudes de consommation. Les espèces analysées par chromatographie en phase liquide à haute performance ont affiché d'importantes concentrations de lutéine et de β-carotène. Se basant sur ces données ethnobotaniques et analytiques, une étude cas témoin a été conduite dans un centre d'ophtalmologie afin de comparer la consommation de légumes feuillus, en quantité et en diversité, et de lutéine et zéaxanthine, chez des patientes diagnostiquées et des témoins sains. Des associations contradictoires concernant la consommation de légumes feuillus et le risque de cataracte ont été observées. En revanche, certains aliments traditionnels, comme le yaourt et le thé, ont démontré une association négative avec la cataracte. L'intégration de ces études à l'intérieur d'un cadre multidisciplinaire a permis de tenir compte des relations complexes entre les composantes biologiques, socio-économiques et environnementales de la santé de l'oeil et de la diversité botanique, permettant ainsi la découverte d'importantes connaissances applicables à la prévention de la cataracte chez des populations à risque. fr
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22

Moret, Erica. "Afro-Cuban religion, diaspora ethnobotany and environmental change in post-Soviet Cuba." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445755.

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23

King, Brian. "The Ethnobotany of the Miami Tribe: Traditional plant use from historical texts." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1110917365.

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24

Sairafianpour, Majid. "Iranian medicinal plants and antiparasitic compounds : from ethnobotany to contemporary scientific evidence /." Cph. : Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, 2002. http://www.dfh.dk/phd/defences/majidsairafianpour.htm.

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25

Mandaville, James Paul. "Bedouin ethnobotany: Plant concepts and plant use in a desert pastoral world." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290142.

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Modern botanical folk classification theory developed from studies of small-scale agriculturists, secondarily of hunter-gatherers. This work explores the little-studied pastoral subsistence mode through an examination of plant classification and plant uses among nomadic, Najdi Arabic-speaking, camel-herding tribes of eastern Saudi Arabia based on data collected 1960-1975, before oil-related economic developments had significantly impacted rural life. Bedouins' use of wild plants is primarily for livestock grazing, secondarily for firewood, although 38 species are recognized as edibles, 30 as medicinals and 25 for other uses. The role of wild food plants for famine relief is ecologically limited. Bedouin folk classification generally fits Berlin's 1992 model but with some anomalous features. The basic life form split is between annuals and perennials rather than woody and herbaceous, reflecting highly perceptible plant adaptations in a hyper-arid habitat. This leads to two levels of life forms. Labeled intermediates include an important group based on camel nutritional needs and which can hardly be separated from the general purpose classification. Folk generics number 209, of which seven are unaffiliated to life form; 65 percent of 400 scientific species are labeled. Only three generics are polytypic. While the small number of generics reflects the limited species diversity of the environment, the minuscule degree of generic polytypy may be a general characteristic of the pastoral subsistence mode, which involves less plant manipulation even than among foragers. Data from North Africa show that Arabian plant names and concepts extend 5,500 kilometers to the west among Arabic-speaking tribes of the Sahara. A comparison of today's Bedouin plant terminology with that recorded from Bedouins in Arabic lexicographic works of the ninth and tenth centuries A.D. shows that little change has occurred over 1100 years. Bedouin life since about 1980 has seen increasing loss of schooled younger people to settled pursuits and the hiring of foreign help in herding. Camel herds are still large, but indigenous knowledge of plants is threatened despite growth in the numbers of Najdi Arabic speakers and the persistence of Bedouin lore in oral and written literature.
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26

Ankli, Anita Sabine. "Yucatec Mayan medicinal plants : ethnobotany, biological evaluation and phytochemical study of Crossopetalum gaumeri." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=13555.

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House, P. R. "Ethnobotany of the Tawahka : agricultural practice and forest management in lowland Central America." Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242330.

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Tripplett, Kirsten Jill. "The ethnobotany of plant resins in the Maya cultural region of southern Mexico and Central America /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Meilleur, Brien A. "Alluetain ethnoecology and traditional economy : the procurement and production of plant resources in the northern French Alps /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6477.

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Sunderland, Terence Christopher Heesom. "The taxonomy, ecology and utilisation of African rattans (Palmae: Calamoideae)." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365084.

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31

Corrado, Amanda Roberta 1983. "Historiografia de espécies da família urticaceae coletadas no Brasil e depositadas nos herbários de Kew, New York e Paris /." Botucatu, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127562.

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Orientador: Lin Chau Ming
Banca: Maria Franco Trindade Medeiros
Banca: Maria Christina de Mello Amorozo
Resumo: A exsicata é um documento misto, onde a planta fixada representa a evidência biológica e os registros do rótulo, as evidências textuais. A evidência biológica da exsicata é a base do estudo da taxonomia e sistemática que normalmente utiliza-se da observação e comparação da planta fixada para revisão e atualização da nomenclatura. Como fonte documental, as séries de exsicatas foram estudadas neste trabalho com foco nas evidências textuais. Através da revisita, resgate e sistematização dos registros. Buscou-se reunir informações sobre: (1) nome comum das plantas; (2) uso, (3) percepções da relação humano-natural e (4) aspectos histórico das coleções analisadas. O estudo abordou as séries de exsicatas da família Urticaceae depositadas em de três instituições estrangeiras: (1) Royal Botanic Gardens (K), Kew, Inglaterra; (2) Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (P), Paris, França, que participam do Projeto REFLORA; (3) New York Botanical Garden (NY), Estados Unidos, juntamente com fontes impressas e manuscritos. Foram analisadas ao todo 2644 exsicatas, 707 de K, 542 de P e 1395 de NY, e oito obras históricas. Na análise dos dados, 50 espécies de Urticaceae apresentaram registro de nomes populares, com destaque para o gênero Cecropia. Trinta e cinco exsicatas apresentaram a indicação de uso das espécies coletadas categorizados em: (1) medicinal; (2) alimentação humana; (3) alimentação aninal; (4) fibra e (5) energia. As espécies com registro de uso foram: Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich., Cecropia concolor Willd., C. obtusa Trécul, C. pachystachya Trécul, Laportea aestuans (L.) Chew, Pourouma cecropiifolia Mart., P. cucura Standl. & Cuatrec., P. guianensis Aubl., P. minor Benoist, Urera baccifera (L.) Gaudich. ex Wedd., U. caracasana (Jacq.) Gaudich. ex Griseb., U. punu Wedd. A descrição dos aspectos históricos da formação das coleções biológicas e dos ...
Abstract: Exsiccates forms a mixed document, in which the fixed plant represents the biological evidence and the registers of the label, the textual evidence. The biological evidence of the exsiccata is the basis for the study of the taxonomy and systematic which normally uses the observation and comparison of the fixed plant for the review and updating of the nomenclature. As a documental source, the series of exsiccates have been studied in this work with focus on the textual evidence. Through the revisiting, recovery and systematization of registers, information was gathered on: (1) common name of the plants; (2) usage, (3) perception on the relation human-natural and (4) historical aspects of the collection analyzed. The study has approached the series of exsiccates of the family deposited in three foreign institutions: (1) Royal Botanic Gardens (K), Kew, England; (2) Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (P), Paris, France, which have participated in the Project REFLORA; (3) New York Botanical Garden (NY), United States, together with printed sources and manuscripts. A total of 2644 exsiccates, have been analyzed, 707 from K, 542 from P and 1395 from NY, and eight historical works. With the analysis of the data, 50 species of the family Urticaceae presented registers of popular names, of which the genre Cecropia outstands. Thirty-five exsicatas presented indication of use of the species collected categorized in (1) medicinal; (2) human food; (3) animal food; (4) fiber and (5) energy. The species with register of use were: Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich., Cecropia concolor Willd., C. obtusa Trécul, C. pachystachya Trécul, Laportea aestuans (L.) Chew, Pourouma cecropiifolia Mart., P. cucura Standl. & Cuatrec., P. guianensis Aubl., P. minor Benoist, Urera baccifera (L.) Gaudich. ex Wedd., U. caracasana (Jacq.) Gaudich. ex Griseb., U. punu Wedd. The description of the historical aspects of formation of the ...
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Corrado, Amanda Roberta [UNESP]. "Historiografia de espécies da família urticaceae coletadas no Brasil e depositadas nos herbários de Kew, New York e Paris." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127562.

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A exsicata é um documento misto, onde a planta fixada representa a evidência biológica e os registros do rótulo, as evidências textuais. A evidência biológica da exsicata é a base do estudo da taxonomia e sistemática que normalmente utiliza-se da observação e comparação da planta fixada para revisão e atualização da nomenclatura. Como fonte documental, as séries de exsicatas foram estudadas neste trabalho com foco nas evidências textuais. Através da revisita, resgate e sistematização dos registros. Buscou-se reunir informações sobre: (1) nome comum das plantas; (2) uso, (3) percepções da relação humano-natural e (4) aspectos histórico das coleções analisadas. O estudo abordou as séries de exsicatas da família Urticaceae depositadas em de três instituições estrangeiras: (1) Royal Botanic Gardens (K), Kew, Inglaterra; (2) Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (P), Paris, França, que participam do Projeto REFLORA; (3) New York Botanical Garden (NY), Estados Unidos, juntamente com fontes impressas e manuscritos. Foram analisadas ao todo 2644 exsicatas, 707 de K, 542 de P e 1395 de NY, e oito obras históricas. Na análise dos dados, 50 espécies de Urticaceae apresentaram registro de nomes populares, com destaque para o gênero Cecropia. Trinta e cinco exsicatas apresentaram a indicação de uso das espécies coletadas categorizados em: (1) medicinal; (2) alimentação humana; (3) alimentação aninal; (4) fibra e (5) energia. As espécies com registro de uso foram: Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich., Cecropia concolor Willd., C. obtusa Trécul, C. pachystachya Trécul, Laportea aestuans (L.) Chew, Pourouma cecropiifolia Mart., P. cucura Standl. & Cuatrec., P. guianensis Aubl., P. minor Benoist, Urera baccifera (L.) Gaudich. ex Wedd., U. caracasana (Jacq.) Gaudich. ex Griseb., U. punu Wedd. A descrição dos aspectos históricos da formação das coleções biológicas e dos ...
Exsiccates forms a mixed document, in which the fixed plant represents the biological evidence and the registers of the label, the textual evidence. The biological evidence of the exsiccata is the basis for the study of the taxonomy and systematic which normally uses the observation and comparison of the fixed plant for the review and updating of the nomenclature. As a documental source, the series of exsiccates have been studied in this work with focus on the textual evidence. Through the revisiting, recovery and systematization of registers, information was gathered on: (1) common name of the plants; (2) usage, (3) perception on the relation human-natural and (4) historical aspects of the collection analyzed. The study has approached the series of exsiccates of the family deposited in three foreign institutions: (1) Royal Botanic Gardens (K), Kew, England; (2) Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (P), Paris, France, which have participated in the Project REFLORA; (3) New York Botanical Garden (NY), United States, together with printed sources and manuscripts. A total of 2644 exsiccates, have been analyzed, 707 from K, 542 from P and 1395 from NY, and eight historical works. With the analysis of the data, 50 species of the family Urticaceae presented registers of popular names, of which the genre Cecropia outstands. Thirty-five exsicatas presented indication of use of the species collected categorized in (1) medicinal; (2) human food; (3) animal food; (4) fiber and (5) energy. The species with register of use were: Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich., Cecropia concolor Willd., C. obtusa Trécul, C. pachystachya Trécul, Laportea aestuans (L.) Chew, Pourouma cecropiifolia Mart., P. cucura Standl. & Cuatrec., P. guianensis Aubl., P. minor Benoist, Urera baccifera (L.) Gaudich. ex Wedd., U. caracasana (Jacq.) Gaudich. ex Griseb., U. punu Wedd. The description of the historical aspects of formation of the ...
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33

Lehman, Ashley Davis. "Assessing ethnobotanical knowledge and resources to develop a sustainable management plan for the Lokaro Reserve in southeast, Madagascar." Diss., [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2009. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-12162009-151255.

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Costa, Nayara Gonçalves. "Etnobotânica de plantas alimentícias utilizadas pelo povo Shanenawa do município de Feijó, Acre /." Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/190910.

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Orientador: Lin Chau Ming
Coorientador: Marcia Ortiz Mayo Marques
Banca: Gabriela Granghelli Gonçalves
Banca: Anastacia Fontanetti
Resumo: Os povos indígenas utilizam de inúmeras plantas em sua dinâmica cultural e alimentar, entretanto, pouco se sabe a respeito de quais espécies são usadas na alimentação dessas comunidades, diante disso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo investigar quais espécies são utilizadas na alimentação do povo Shanenawa, da aldeia Shane Kaya, município de Feijó, Acre, e quais as formas de cultivo e manejo dessas plantas. Para a obtenção dos dados, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os moradores da aldeia, utilizados diários de campos para anotações de eventos ocorridos durante a pesquisa e turnês guiadas aos locais de ocorrências das espécies apontadas. As espécies foram coletadas e classificadas botânicamente. Foram identificadas 71 espécies alimentícias, divididas em 28 famílias botânicas, sendo a família Arecaceae a mais predominante em número de espécies. As espécies alimentícias estavam distribuídas entre quatro ambientes, floresta, quintal, roça e roçado. A maioria das espécies alimentícias é cultivada nos quintais localizados no entorno das casas, todavia, existem os espaços destinados somente ao cultivo de espécies de roçados (banana, milho e amendoim) e roça (macaxeira), demonstrando a importância dessas espécies na dieta desse povo. As espécies pertencentes ao ambiente floresta foram classificadas segundo o subtipo de ambiente terra firme, igapó e beira do igarapé. A comunidade apresentou expressivo conhecimento sobre as espécies alimentícias cultivadas e sil... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Indigenous people use several plants in their cultural and food dynamics, however, there is little information about which species are used as food by these communities. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate which species are used in the food of the Shanenawa people, from the village Shane Kaya, municipality of Feijó - Acre, and how these plants are cultivated and managed. For the data obtainment, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the villagers, field diaries were used to record events during the research and guided tours to the occurrence sites of the plant species. The species were collected and botanically identified. In total, 71 species were identified, divided into 28 botanical families, being the Arecaceae family the most predominant in the number of species. The food species were distributed among four different locations, forest, backyard, roça, and roçado. Most of the food species are cultivated in the backyards located around the houses, however, there are places intended only for the cultivation of roçado (banana, maize, and peanut) and roça (cassava) species, demonstrating the importance of these species in the diet of these people. The species belonging to the forest environment were classified according to the environment subtype: dryland, igapó forest, and igarapé margin. The community has shown significant knowledge of the cultivated and wild food species, which are consumed and prepared in different ways. The development of ethnobotanical studies with indigenous communities can help in the valorization and conservation of the associated traditional knowledge and make part of the Brazilian biodiversity recognized
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35

Araujo, Fernando Dantas de. "The ecology, ethnobotany and management of Caryocar brasiliense Camb. around Montes Carlos, MG, Brazil." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259769.

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MAGALHAES, ALESSANDRA COSTA. "ETHNOBOTANY, LOCAL KNOWLEDGE, AND AGRICULTURE IN AN URBAN FOREST: MACIÇO DA PEDRA BRANCA,RJ." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2010. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=16149@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Esta Dissertação se ocupa de uma reflexão acerca das atividades agrícolas, desenvolvidas em uma área remanescente da Mata Atlântica, em tempos pretéritos. Através de levantamentos etnobotânicos, realizados através de entrevistas com 17 moradores do bairro de Vargem Grande, mensuramos a forma como o conhecimento advindo deste legado cultural encontra-se disperso entre os atuais agricultores e seus familiares. Analisamos o repertório de plantas cultivadas com finalidades medicinais e utilitárias através de levantamentos etnobotânicos. Este bairro está situado no Maciço da Pedra Branca, que abriga o Parque Estadual da Pedra Branca (PEPB). A criação do PEPB, através da lei estadual nº.2377, de 28 de junho de 1974, impôs progressivamente novas formas de uso e delimitação do espaço que entraram em choque com as práticas tradicionalmente estabelecidas por moradores. Visando o resgate e uma sistematização destes saberes, conhecimentos tradicionais que representam o legado humano na composição da paisagem, explicitaremos as formas como a população local identifica, utiliza e valoriza os recursos botânicos da área de estudo. As coletas botânicas se deram nos quintais dos moradores e/ou nos espaços de cultivo, de acordo com as informações dos participantes. Foram identificadas 221 espécies, 172 gêneros e 71 famílias botânicas das quais Lamiaceae e Asteraceae foram as que mais se sobressaíram e número de espécies. As categorias que se sobressaíram em número de espécies foram as medicinais (122); alimentares (71); ornamentais (34) em comparação com as condimentares (16), rituais (15), uso animal (5), usadas para construção (4) e cosméticas (1). A categoria medicinal foi analisada mais detalhadamente: nove espécies apresentaram valores de CUPc maior que 50% indicando uma alta concordância de uso principal destas. O grande número de espécies alimentares (cultivadas ou não localmente) bem como de medicinais reflete um resultado coerente com o a realidade do grupo social estudado: um grupo inserido em ambiente florestal relativamente distante de grandes centros comerciais
This dissertation deals with a reflection on the agricultural activities carried out in a remnant of the Atlantic, in past times, and by considerations about the ethnobotanical surveys conducted through interviews with 17 residents of the neighborhood Vargem Grande, inferences about how knowledge gained from this cultural legacy is scattered among existing farmers and their families. We analyzed the repertoire of cultivated plants with medicinal purposes and utilitarian through ethnobotanical surveys. This neighborhood is located in the Pedra Branca, which houses the State Park of Pedra Branca (PEPB). The creation of PEPB by state law No .2377, dated 28 June 1974, gradually imposed new forms of use and definition of space that clashed with practices traditionally defined by residents. Seeking redemption and a systematization of this knowledge, traditional knowledge that represent the human legacy in the composition of the landscape, exploring the ways in which the local population identifies, uses and values the botanical resources of the study area. The botanical collections were found in the backyards of residents and / or areas of cultivation, according to information from participants. We identified 221 species, 172 genera and 71 botanical families including Asteraceae and Lamiaceae were the ones that stand out and number of species. The categories that stood out in number of species were medicinal (122), food (71), ornamental (34) compared with the condiments (16), ritual (15), animal use (5), used for construction (4 ) and cosmetic (1). The medical category was analyzed in more detail: nine species showed CUPc values greater than 50% indicating a high agreement of primary use of these. The large number of food species (locally grown or not) as well as medicinal reflects a result consistent with the the reality of the social group studied: one group entered in the forest environment relatively far from major shopping centers and large number of members performing proper agricultural practices said.
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Toupal, Rebecca, Richard W. Stoffle, Nathan O'Meara, and Jill Dumbauld. "The Everchanging Pipestone Quarries Sioux Cultural Landscapes and Ethnobotany of Pipestone National Monument, Minnesota." Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology, University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292658.

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The purpose of this study is document traditional plant use of the Dakota and Lakota Sioux as it pertains to Pipestone National Monument. Included in this report are discussions of three periods of cultural landscapes, traditional and contemporary plant use, management recommendations, a bibliography, and resource and legislative appendices. These findings are submitted to NPS as a basis for additional research, consultation, and management of the natural and cultural resources at the monument.
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38

GECK, MATTHIAS SAMUEL. "Medical Ethnobotany with the Zoque People of Southern Mexico and Herbal Neuropsychopharmacology in Mesoamerica." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/249587.

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Mesoamerica (MA) is one of the bioculturally most diverse areas of the world. Research on the neurological activities of mind-altering organic substances from Mexico was fundamental in the emergence of ethnopharmacology as a scientific discipline and provided key insights into the functioning of the human brain. Further, there is historical evidence for a sophisticated medical system in pre-Columbian MA. This notwithstanding, the herbal pharmacopoeia of Mexico contains just 27 native plant species and the information on the herbal drugs used for alleviating mental and neurological disorders has never been systematically reviewed. This thesis thus aims at enhancing the scientific understanding of herbal medicine in MA, focussing on ethnomedical and ethnopharmacological aspects related to the CNS. Chapter 1 of this thesis describes the results of 13 months of fieldwork with the Zoque of Chiapas and Oaxaca. A total of 544 medicinal plant species have been documented and the ethnomedical systems are compared in the light of the differing degrees of acculturation. The 2nd chapter deals with the issue of translating culturally-defined (emic) concepts of disease and treatment to scientific (etic) terms, which facilitates the communication and cross-cultural comparison of research results. We present individual recommendations on how to classify diseases, illnesses, and remedies, depending on the research focus – ethnomedical, cross-cultural, or bioprospecting. Chapter 3 experimentally investigates the correlations between chemosensory properties, humoral qualities, and therapeutic uses of medicinal plants with a Zoque testing panel. Correlations between the drugs’ humoral qualities and the other parameters result particularly significant. Humoral concepts are thus shown to act as an important cultural filter linking the empirically perceived presence of secondary metabolites in plants to their disease-specific application. The findings have implications for culturally appropriate drug development and healthcare strategies. Chapter 4 aims at reconstructing the development and diffusion of medicinal plant knowledge in MA. A database was compiled containing 2188 botanical taxa used medicinally by the five linguistic groups most closely associated with major civilizatory periods in MA. Linguistic analysis indicates that especially Mayan and Mixe-Zoquean cultural groups were instrumental in developing and diffusing herbal medicine in MA. Given a relatively coherent set of health beliefs and a large number of shared medicinal taxa, Mesoamerican Traditional Medicine merits enhanced recognition from both researchers and legislators. Chapter 5 presents an overview of the 1324 botanical species used in MA for illnesses and diseases with a pronounced association with the nervous system. The neuropsychopharmacological data available on 308 species from the 58 cross-culturally most salient genera are systematically reviewed. Further, the most frequently reported mental and psychosomatic folk illnesses are described. The quantitative nature of this review facilitates the prioritization of taxa for future research and establishes a much-needed framework of evidence for practitioners and legislators. In Chapter 6 we experimentally investigate the activities of three flavones (acacetin, diosmetin, and luteolin) from the herbal drug Agastache mexicana on mice in the elevated plus-maze. All three flavone aglycones showed significant anxiolytic-like effects. The combined treatment with all three flavones resulted in an enhanced anxiolytic effect similar to diazepam. While the difference between individual and combined flavone treatment is not statistically significant, the results suggest a synergistic interaction between the flavonoids present in A. mexicana. Studies on human subjects are recommended in order to provide a more reliable evidence-base to users of this herbal drug.
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Gertsch, Jürg. "From ethnobotany to molecular pharmacognosy, a transdisciplinary approach : ethnobotany of the Yanomamï-Amerindians in Venezuela, phytochemical and biological investigations on selected plants, development of a real-time PCR-based functional transcriptomics assay (FTA) /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=14791.

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Butcher, Andrew C. "Amalgam ethnobotanic research centre /." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-12012003-134830.

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41

Chowdhury, Tanmay. "Ethnobotany of Dakshin Dinajpur district with special reference to diversity and conservation of ocimum species." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2017. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/hdl.handle.net/123456789/2571.

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42

Mati, Evan. "Ethnobotany and Trade of Medicinal Plants in the Qaysari Market, Erbil, Kurdish Autonomous Region, Iraq." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Systematisk biologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-141814.

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43

Jenks, Aaron Allon. "Systematics and ethnobotany of Salvia subgenus Calosphace and origins of the hallucinogenic sage, Salvia divinorum /." Diss., [Riverside, Calif.] : University of California, Riverside, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3350083.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2009.
Includes abstract. Title from first page of PDF file (viewed Febrary 1, 2010). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references. Issued in print and online. Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations.
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44

Deysel, Lesley Claire Frances. "Animal names and categorisation in the Hebrew Bible : a textual and cognitive approach." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/62675.

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The subject matter of this study is animal names in the Hebrew Bible. Centring on a corpus-linguistic analysis of every word for an animal or type of animal used within the text, it sheds light on the methods and paradigms of categorisation used by the ancient Hebrews and thus on previously unknown aspects of their worldview. The discipline of cognitive linguistics, in particular the prototype theory of categories, is used to interpret the various types and levels of animal classification; a theory on spatiality as the main basis for classification is developed, and new light is shed on a wrongly undervalued theory of cleanness/uncleanness. This theoretical work is also applied to certain texts to prove its usefulness in helping with the translation and interpretation of problematic words and passages.
Thesis (DLitt)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Ancient Languages
DLitt
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45

Oliveira, Daniel Henrique. "Desenvolvimento de sistema agroecológico de cultivo e organização de cadeia produtiva de Conobea scoparioides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Benth., com comunidades do entorno de Belém, Amazônia Paraense /." Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/182387.

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Orientador: Lin Chau Ming
Coorientador: Márcia Ortiz Mayo Marques
Banca: Gabriela Granghelli Gonçalves
Banca: Manoel Baltasar Baptista da Costa
Resumo: A Amazônia é um mundo vasto na área de aromas, e os povos da floresta, por sua condição de isolamento, procuram alternativas produtivas mais naturais. Pataqueira Conobea scoparioides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Benth., família Plantaginaceae Juss, é umas destas plantas. O óleo essencial da pataqueira possui boas perspectivas na indústria de fragrâncias, contudo, a sua exploração econômica ainda não é uma realidade devido à sua dificuldade de cultivo. Por se tratar de espécie nativa, com uso tradicional por comunidades, tais sistemas de propagação e produção, baseados em utilização de insumos químicos sintéticos, demanda de altos investimentos e grande complexidade técnica, são pouco acessíveis aos grupos e agricultores que culturalmente se relacionam com esta espécie, além de não serem sistemas ecológicos de produção. O objetivo do presente estudo é desenvolver um protocolo de cultivo para pataqueira (Conobea scoparioides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Benth., de forma conjunta com um grupo de agricultores tradicionais de comunidades do entorno de Belém (PA), assim como estabelecer a cadeia produtiva comercial desta planta, para produção e comercialização da indústria de cosméticos. Para realização dos estudos e do desenvolvimento do sistema de cultivo da pataqueira, foram escolhidas duas comunidades rurais, grupos já realizavam cultivo e coleta de outras espécies aromáticas. Considerando o objeto do estudo, a metodologia utilizada foi "pesquisa ação", a qual possibilita a coleta e compilação de ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The Amazon is a vast world in the field of aromas, and the forest peoples, because of their isolation, seek natural alternatives. Pataqueira Conobea scoparioides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Benth., Family Plantaginaceae Juss, is one of these plants. The essential oil of pataqueira has good prospects in the industry of fragrances, however, its economic exploitation is not yet a reality due to its difficulty of cultivation. Because they are native species with traditional use by communities, such propagation and production systems, based on the use of synthetic chemical inputs, demand for high investments and great technical complexity, are scarcely accessible to groups and farmers who culturally relate to this species, as well as not being ecological systems of production. The objective of the present study is to develop a protocol for the cultivation of pataqueira (Conobea scoparioides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Benth. Together with a group of traditional farmers from communities around Belém (PA) commercial production of this plant, for the production and commercialization of the cosmetics industry. To carry out the studies and development of the system of cultivation of the pataqueira, two rural communities were chosen, the groups were already cultivating and collecting other aromatic species. The methodology used was 'action research', which enables the collection and compilation of information and knowledge of the native communities, as well as the collective construction of a plant culti... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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46

Erkal, Tsetsekos Aylan. "The Ethnobotany Of Wild Food Plant Use In The Konya Basin: A Quantitative And Ethnoarchaeological Approach." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12607805/index.pdf.

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In this ethnobotanical study, an ethnoarchaeological approach was adopted for the archaeological implications of the importance of wild food plants and their dietary uses in the Neolithic and Chalcolithic Periods in Central Anatolia by exploring the dietary uses of these plants by the modern villagers of Konya Basin. The study was based on the indigenous knowledge of the modern villagers of Konya of managing wild food plant resource in their surroundings for the dietary uses. This knowledge was explored through ethnobotanical research strategies. The study was limited by both the research subject and the area for a better focus on the research. The geographical borders were limited to Central Anatolia as it included Neolithic and Chalcolithic sites with detailed archaeological investigations and it made a comparison available between different geographical zones. Because it was possible to study similar environments today in the Konya Basin, nine modern villages to collect ethnobotanical data were chosen from three different environmental zones in this area, which included wetland, forest and steppe zones. The wild fruit, nut and tuber species recovered from the archaeological excavations were selected for study in their current natural environments. The different strategies of harvesting, processing and storage local people used for the consumption of each plant species provided useful implications to archaeological recoveries.
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47

Walters, G. M. "The Land Chief's embers : ethnobotany of Batéké fire regimes, savanna vegetation and resource use in Gabon." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/20195/.

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Anthropogenic fire regimes and society are linked: social change modifies fire application which then impacts ecosystems. In the past 40 years, savanna burning has changed markedly around the world as policies, laws, and cultures change. This thesis explores the links between fire regime and culture by analysing the decline of the fire-based Bateke land chief’s authority in Gabon. Unlike other parts of sub-Saharan Africa where colonial anti-fire policies have been strict and punitive, fire policy in Gabon has been lax. As such, today’s savanna fires are neither suppressed nor managed, and their value to the local economy and national conservation is not yet fully recognised. This thesis addresses the changing role of the Bateke as savanna keepers, the effects of their fire regimes on their savanna ecosystem, and the contribution of fire to biodiversity and present day fire-foraging. The effects of the fire regime on the ecosystem are explored through plant collection, participant observation, surveys, interviews, and finally vegetation plots analysing the impacts of different fire treatments. The land chief’s authority was part of a magico-religious system where land fertility was guaranteed by conducting rituals and proper burning procedures. This system effectively ended in the late 1960s during a tumultuous time in Bateke history, resulting in a change in fire culture and hence fire regime. The fires under the land chief system were regulated, annual, dry season hunting occurrences conducted by the community and part of maintaining land fertility. By contrast, today’s fires are lit by individuals who are no longer under the land chief’s authority. Hence, these fires are unregulated, occurring at all times of the year and often semi-annually. Generally, burning stimulates tree resprouting and clears mature grass. However annual and semi-annual fires have different levels of resprout survival based on resprout size, fire intensity, and patchiness. More frequent fires are less intense, creating patches which serve as micro-sites favouring stem survival. In terms of plant diversity, the savannas maintain a flora that is unique for Gabon, though not rare worldwide. The dry-season seems to be the most important season to burn in order to maintain this diversity. Anthropogenic fire is important for Bateke livelihoods where fire and foraging are related; 80% of survey respondents link fire and food. Today’s foraging traditions make fire important for Bateke livelihoods, despite being less connected to land fertility rituals of the past. Taking a national view, most protected savannas in Gabon are not managed by fire and some managers do not recognise its importance to local livelihoods and culture. The land chief system, though probably not designed to protect resources, may offer lessons of fire control in a cultural context of contemporary management of protected areas.
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48

Myer, Landon. "Imifino yasendle, imifino isiZulu : the ethnobotany, historical ecology and nutrition of traditional vegetables in KwaZulu-Natal." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9926.

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Bibliography: leaves 68-72.
Traditional wild or weedy leafy green vegetables are an important food source in many parts of Africa, and there have been several recent calls across the continent for interventions promoting the use of these resources for their nutritional values. In South Africa relatively little research attention has been paid to traditional vegetables, known in Zulu as imifino. However it is widely thought that these plants are falling into disuse as food preferences change and exotic vegetables such as spinach or cabbage become more commonly available. This report aims to provide basic understandings to inform the promotion of traditional vegetables in South Africa by exploring their ethnobotanical, ecological and nutritional dynamics. Interdisciplinary methods incorporating anthropology, ecology, nutrition and history are required to present holistic insights into the processes of imifino use and disuse. These techniques are focused on the community of Nkonisa, a forced relocation settlement in rural KwaZulu-Natal. A total of 36 imifino species are known across Nkonisa. Most participants know only a core group of 4-6 species which are locally available and are used frequently within the households. When seasonally available, these plants are harvested by women or children and occasionally sold in local markets. There also is a scattered body of knowledge of lesser known species which are rarely used. Many of these can not be recognised in the field by most participants and are generally thought to be locally unavailable.
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49

Richey-Abbey, Laurel Rhea. "Bush Medicine in the Family Islands: The Medical Ethnobotany of Cat Island and Long Island, Bahamas." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1335445242.

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50

Adams, Karen Rogers. "The ethnobotany and phenology of plants in and adjacent to two riparian habitats in southeastern Arizona." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184332.

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Two riparian habitats in southeastern Arizona provide the setting for a study of 127 plants useful to human foragers. A view of plant part availability is based on annual phenological profiles, and on historic and prehistoric records of plant use. Food choice is limited in March and April, but high August through November. Riparian plants also offer numerous non-food resources. Trees and shrubs serve more needs in relation to number of available species than do perennial herbs (including grasses) and annuals. Southwestern ethnographic literature hints that certain native taxa (Panicum, Physalis, Populus, Salix, Typha and Vitis) might receive special care. Inherent qualities of parts, coupled with ethnographic records of preparation and use, provide a basis for speculation on which parts might survive in an ancient record. Most are expected to disintegrate in open sites. Parts sought for different needs can enter a dwelling via diverse routes that produce confusingly similar archaeological debris. Modern experiments to wash pollen from 14 separate harvests permit evaluation of plant fruit and leaves as pollen traps, to help interpret pollen recovered from ancient dwellings. High amounts of Berberis, Rumex and Ribes pollen, sometimes in clumps or as tetrads, travel on harvested fruit. Arctostaphylos, Monarda, Oxalis, Rhus, Rhamnus, Vitis and Juniperus parts carry lower amounts. Quercus and Gramineae pollen grains travel on parts of other taxa, as well as on their own fruit. The phenological profiles offer insight into group life-form activities in response to local temperature and precipitation trends. Rising and maximum temperatures coincide with intense vegetative and reproductive activity for trees, shrubs, herbaceous perennials, and annuals. Increased levels of precipitation coincide with maximum flowering and fruiting of herbaceous perennials and fall annuals. Limited data on six taxa from Utah generally agrees with observations in this study, suggesting strong genetic control in the phenology of some riparian taxa.
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