Journal articles: 'Ethnic'

1

Faraby, Muhammad Ersya, and Siti Inayatul Faiza. "Etos Kerja Pedagang Etnis Madura di Pusat Grosir Surabaya Ditinjau Dari Etika Bisnis Islam." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 1, no. 3 (December 2, 2015): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol1iss20143pp178-193.

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Natural resources have not been well managed in Madura and the low level of human resources leads to ethnic Madurese communities abroad to obtain a decent life by applying a high work ethic. This research aims to know the work ethic of ethnic Madurese in Central merchant Wholesale Surabaya reviewed from Islamic business ethics.Approach used in this research is qualitative approach to method case study is descriptive. Data done with interview observation and documentation against traders ethnic madura in central wholesale Surabaya. For data advocates derived from data given by centers management wholesale Surabaya. Besides is also study library and literature about ethos work ethnic Madurese and Islamic business ethics.The results obtained are the informants argued most of the Madurese ethnic merchants in wholesale center Surabaya interpret and apply the Madurese ethnic work ethic that is hard work and wander, as well as in implementing the work ethic they comply with Islamic business ethics.

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Michel, Claudine. "Ethnic ethics." New Ideas in Psychology 13, no. 2 (July 1995): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0732-118x(95)90123-m.

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Garner, Richard. "Ethnic Ethics." Teaching Philosophy 15, no. 1 (1992): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/teachphil199215116.

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Jasri, Jasri, Salmah Said, and Amiruddin K. "Analisi Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Etnis Tionghoa Menggunakan Jasa Bank Syariah." IQTISHADIA Jurnal Ekonomi & Perbankan Syariah 7, no. 1 (July 8, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.19105/iqtishadia.v7i1.2915.

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Chinese ethnic is one of the ethnic groups in Indonesia. The majority of Chinese ethnics are non-Muslim. In the midst of differences in perceptions who looked cynically following Islamic banking, most of the Chinese ethnics who are not Muslim prefer sharia banking to transact. So, this research studies the factors that influence the decision of ethnic of Chinese non-Muslim to use the services of Islamic banks. This type of research used in this research is quantitative field research thas emphasizes the aspect of objective assessment pf social phenomena where the independent variables are Environtment (X1), Psychology (X2), and Promotion (X3) and the dependent variation is the decision of ethnic of Chinese (Y). This study uses SPSS software as a tool in prosessing statistical data. The results show simultaneously three factors which were considered as significant to the decision of the ethnic of Chinese to use the services of Islamic banks. If it is related to environmental factors (X1) and Promotion (X3) influences and significantly influences ethnic of Chinese decisions, while psychology (X2) does not relate to outcome of the ethnic of Chinese agreement using the services of Islamic banks.Keywords: environment; psychology; promotion; customer decisions; ethnic Chinese

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Leszczensky, Lars, and Sebastian Pink. "What Drives Ethnic Homophily? A Relational Approach on How Ethnic Identification Moderates Preferences for Same-Ethnic Friends." American Sociological Review 84, no. 3 (May 9, 2019): 394–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003122419846849.

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Individual preferences for same-ethnic friends contribute to persistent segregation of adolescents’ friendship networks. Yet, we know surprisingly little about the mechanisms behind ethnic homophily. Prior research suggests that ethnic homophily is ubiquitous, but a social identity perspective indicates that strong ingroup identification drives ingroup favoritism. Combining a social identity perspective with a relational approach, we ask whether the presumed increased homophily of high identifiers extends to all ingroup members, or whether it is conditional on the strength of same-ethnics’ identification. We propose that the strength of ethnic identification affects not only how much individuals desire same-ethnic friends, but also how attractive they are as potential friends to others. Fitting stochastic actor-oriented models to German adolescent school-based network panel data, we find that ethnic homophily is driven by an interplay of peers’ ethnic identification: high identifiers befriend same-ethnic peers who share their strong ethnic identification, while excluding same-ethnic low identifiers. Low identifiers, in turn, tend to avoid befriending inter-ethnic high identifiers. Our relational approach reveals that ethnic homophily is hardly ubiquitous but requires strong identification of both parties of a (potential) friendship.

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Conroy-Krutz, Jeffrey. "Information and Ethnic Politics in Africa." British Journal of Political Science 43, no. 2 (September 17, 2012): 345–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123412000300.

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Political scientists’ explanations for ethnic voting differ. Some have argued that the utility of ethnicity lies partly in the information that demographic cues provide about candidates, particularly in information-poor societies. However, extant research has not tested this proposition directly. This article proposes that, if part of ethnicity's utility is informational, we should expect that voters’ reliance on ethnic cues will decline when certain types of higher-quality information are available. To test this, a survey experiment was conducted in Uganda, with subjects evaluating candidates under varying informational environments. While support for co-ethnics was high when ethnicity was the only distinguishing fact about candidates, it declined when information was presented that portrayed co-ethnics negatively vis-à-vis non co-ethnics. These results suggest that informational environments can impact ethnic voting.

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Simard, Paul. "La participation des membres des communautés culturelles à la vie publique québécoise." Revue française d'administration publique 47, no. 1 (1988): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfap.1988.2074.

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Ethnic Community Involvement in the Political Life of Quebec. In application of the Couture-Cullen Agreement, Quebec will determine its own immigration policy and receive 29 000 persons of widely divergent backgrounds in 1989. Immigrants constitute 16% population and 90% live in the Montreal metropolitan area. Ethnic communities participate in community affairs through some 50 ethnic or cross-cultural associations and in advisory bodies such as the Immigration and Ethnic Communities Council. Ethnie community members with Canadian citizenship vote in elections. Although poorly represented in Quebec institutions, ethnic communities are concentrating on the civil service to obtain employment quotas that reflect their population size. Quebec is a multi-ethnic society of non-stop that has to rely on ethnic communities from every horizon for her future.

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Raja Abdullah, Raja Puteri Saadiah, and Siti Suriawati Isa. "Gastronomy Tourism Growth in Malaysia: A Case Study of Malay Restaurants Performance in Klang Valley." Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Education 10 (May 3, 2020): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jthe.v10i0.28731.

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Today one of the most popular niche tourism markets is gastronomy tourism. The popularity of gastronomy tourism is also called as soft power approaches by some tourism scholars. This niche market is part of cultural and ecotourism market. Malaysia is recognized as a multi-ethnic and multi cultural country that includes countless ethnics such as Malay, Chinese, Indian and others. Although Malay leads the major ethnics in Malaysia, Malay restaurant less likely can stay longer in the industry. There are several factors from previous cases involve in Malay restaurants that result to this ethnic’s restaurant fail to survive. Since Malaysia is a multi-ethnic country the food in Malaysia have combination from all ethnics and unique in its own way. Each state in Malaysia has their own dishes and some dishes may diff er from another state. Since Malay or Bumi putra ethnic comprises the biggest ethnic in Malaysia with more than half of the country’s population, the objective of this study was to analyze the internal factors affecting business growth performance in Malay ethnic restaurant. Survey questionnaires were distributed to selected Malay restaurants to find out about their growth rate performance.

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Wulandari, Ayu. "Bahasa dan Etnisitas: Studi Tentang Nama-Nama Rumah Makan di Banyuwangi." Nusa: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa dan Sastra 16, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/nusa.16.1.11-19.

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Using ethnics is an ethnic which is located in Banyuwangi and well-known due to its unique culture inheritance This research investigates the naming of restaurant in Banyuwangi especially which is located in Using ethnic in Indonesia. The study aimed to explore the meaning of each restaurant in Using ethnic in Banyuwangi. This research used descriptive qualitative method. The result of the study showed that there were two strategies used in naming restaurant such as divergence strategy and convergence strategy. The first strategy was done by using words taken from Using dialect, while convergence strategy took the Indonesian or foreign language in naming the restaurant. In Semantics sight, most of the words which are used in naming restaurants in Using ethnics represent the value, point of view, and identity of Using ethnic itself. So that, it can be concluded that the society of Using ethnic still maintain their identity strongly which is symbolized by finding many restaurants’ name which are still using Using dialect.

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Okunogbe, Oyebola. "Does Exposure to Other Ethnic Regions Promote National Integration? Evidence from Nigeria." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 157–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20210266.

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This paper examines how temporary exposure to a different ethnic region affects national integration, using original survey data from participants in Africa’s largest national youth service program. Seven years later, participants randomly assigned to serve in a state with a different ethnic majority are five times more likely to live all across the country compared to those who served in their ethnic region. They have more interethnic romantic relationships and express greater national pride. Nevertheless, immersion in a different region strengthens participants’ ethnic pride and favorable attitudes toward co-ethnics. The results suggest that national and ethnic identity can thrive together. (JEL D12, D91, J13, J15, O15)

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Dewi, Rahmi Surya. "HIDUP DI DUNIA MULTIKULTURAL POTRET SOSIAL BUDAYA KERUKUNAN ETNIS MINANG DAN TIONGHOA DI KOTA PADANG." LUGAS Jurnal Komunikasi 2, no. 1 (June 29, 2018): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/jl.v2i1.120.

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The issue of indigenous and non-indigenous, minorities and the majority has become an exaggerated issue causing the sentiment and the disturbance of relations between ethnic minorities and ethnic majority. This article was intentionally written to see a portrait of harmony between ethnic Minang and Tionghoa in Padang City. Lately it is so easy to insult and degrade the religion of others. Therefore, this article aims to provide awareness to the parties who deliberately divide relations and harmony among tribes, religions, races and groups in Indonesia. One of portraits of inter-ethnic and inter-religious harmony can be seen in West Sumatra. The ability of ethnic Chinese to be ethnic Minang who use matrilineal system by emphasizing the element of motherhood makes the potential of conflict can be minimized. The harmony between the two ethnics could frequently end with inter-ethnic marriage.

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Hite, Dwight M., Joshua J. Daspit, and Xueni Dong. "Examining the influence of transculturation on work ethic in the United States." Cross Cultural Management 22, no. 1 (February 2, 2015): 145–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccm-12-2013-0190.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of cultural assimilation – termed “transculturation” – on work ethic perceptions, thus this study examines trends in work ethic across ethnic and generational groups within the USA. Design/methodology/approach – Following a literature review on work ethic, ethnicity, and transculturation, an analysis of variance based on 873 survey responses is presented. The sample includes undergraduate and graduate students at several public universities within the USA. Findings – An empirical analysis supports the hypothesis that the variation of work ethic perceptions within the Millennial generation is significantly less than the variation among older generations. The authors find no significant difference in general work ethic perceptions among Millennial ethnic groups. Research limitations/implications – While the study is conducted using a convenience sample, the demographics are closely representative of the USA labor force. The results suggest that Millennials, while a more diverse ethnic population, exhibit less variation among work ethic perceptions than earlier generational groups. Practical implications – Understanding differences in work ethic perceptions across various ethnic groups is valuable for managers interested in designing jobs that appropriately exploit the full value of a multi-generational workforce. Originality/value – The findings of this study offer new insights into how more recent generations, while more ethnically diverse, exhibit a convergence in perceptions of work ethic.

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13

Cobas, José A. "Six Problems in the Sociology of the Ethnic Economy." Sociological Perspectives 32, no. 2 (June 1989): 201–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389097.

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This article discusses six problems in the area of the sociology of the ethnic economy. The problems are: (1) a skewed view of the import and robustness of ethnic businesses, (2) an inaccurate view of harmony and exclusive dependence on co-ethnics among ethnic business owners, (3) a contradiction between the stranger hypothesis and the protected market hypothesis, (4) difficulties with the special endowments hypothesis, (5) uncertainties in propositions that attempt to explain business concentration among ethnics, and (6) use of the term middleman minority in a generic sense. The works of five leading U.S. scholars are examined in terms of what they contribute to the solution of these problems.

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SEKEN, Aday, Ordenbek MAZBAYEV, Rina AGYBETOVA, Zhaxylyk AKIMOV, and Aitolkyn TLEUBAYEVA. "Research on the Development Model of Cross Border Kazakh Ethnic Cultural Tourism." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 9, no. 8 (April 17, 2019): 1751. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v9.8(32).14.

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Spatial distribution, cultural system and characteristics, constitution of ethno-cultural tourism resources of global Kazakh ethnics was examined in this study, as well as spatial distribution of transnational ethno-cultural tourism resources, and development state and existing problems of Kazakh ethno-cultural domestic and international tourism. Based on the analysis above, ten development patterns of Kazakh ethno-cultural tourism were raised up, including ethnic village, ethnic cultural museum, primitive ethnical village, conformity of relics, conformity and improvement, renew of old fashion and customs, new rural construction, special town construction, ethnic cultural recreational-business district (RBD) and ethnic cultural thematic parks. Further, reasonable regional functions and spatial development pattern of Kazakh ethnic cultural tourism in Xinjiang were discussed, providing foundations for new theories and studies of the industrial development of ethnic cultural tourism in Xinjiang.

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BRODY, HOWARD, JASON E. GLENN, and LAURA HERMER. "Racial/Ethnic Health Disparities and Ethics." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 21, no. 3 (May 25, 2012): 309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180112000035.

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16

JOPPKE, CHRISTIAN, and ZEEV ROSENHEK. "Contesting ethnic immigration: Germany and Israel compared." European Journal of Sociology 43, no. 3 (December 2002): 301–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975602001121.

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After World War II, Israel and Germany adopted curiously similar policies of ethnic immigration, accepting as immigrants only putative co-ethnics. The objective of this article is to account for the main variation between the two cases, the resilience of Jewish immigration in Israel, and the demise of ethnic-German immigration in Germany. The very fact of divergent outcomes casts doubt on conventional accounts of ethnic immigration, which see the latter as deriving from an ethnic (as against civic) definition of nationhood. We point instead to the possibility of ‘liberal’ and ‘restrictive’ contention surrounding ethnic immigration, and argue that for historical and geopolitical reasons the political space for such contention has been more constricted in Israel than in Germany.

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Clark, William A. V. "Ethnic Preferences and Ethnic Perceptions in Multi-Ethnic Settings." Urban Geography 23, no. 3 (May 1, 2002): 237–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.23.3.237.

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Suliyati, Titiek, Yety Rochwulaningsih, and Mahendra Pudji Utama. "Interethnic Interaction Pattern in Karimunjawa Island." KOMUNITAS: International Journal of Indonesian Society and Culture 9, no. 2 (August 15, 2017): 302–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/komunitas.v9i2.10719.

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This article discusses the interaction patterns in inter-ethnic life that inhabit Karimunjawa which is known to be very heterogeneous. Heterogeneity of Karimunjawa is not only seen in terms of the origin of the migrants, but also language and religion. There are nine ethnics, but three main ethnic inhabit Karimunjawa are Javanese, Madurese and Buginese. Each develops different interaction patterns according to their ethnics. Nonetheless, the social values shared make Karimunjawa communities can live in harmony. They are affected by their perspectives on the sea as a common property right that can be used together regardless of the ethnic background and origin. Therefore, the pattern of harmonious interactions tolerates each other in equal style characterizing the community in Karimunjawa.

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Khadijah, Khadijah. "MODEL KOMUNIKASI ANTARBUDAYA ETNIS MADURA DAN ETNIS DAYAK DI DESA BASAWANG KABUPATEN KOTAWARINGIN TIMUR PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH." TRANSFORMATIF 2, no. 1 (September 20, 2018): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.23971/tf.v2i1.1107.

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This study tries to explore on How the intercultural communication of Madurese ethnic and Dayak ethnics in Basawang Village, East Kotawaringin Regency, Central Kalimantan Province after the ethnic war at 2001. Researchers assume that this research is interesting because after the ethnic war at 2001 in the Village of Basawang Ethnic Dayak with Ethnic Madurese living together, in a harmonious and conducive state, there had even been an inter-ethnic language exchange. This phenomenon is being uncovered by using qualitative research method, the research that has the nature of describing situations and events, the data is stated in a makeshift condition, by describing the workings that are systematic, directed and accountable, so as not to lose their scientific nature. The result indicates that as a theory of intercultural communication model according to William B. Ludykunst and Young Yun Kim, this can be seen from the perceptions of the two ethnicities. Based on the two perceptions of the two ethnicities, the form of intercultural communication is mutual respect and respect for each other's ethnic customs. The relationship between the two ethnic groups has so far taken place without obstacles, which means that each ethnic group has accepted each other.

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HABYARIMANA, JAMES, MACARTAN HUMPHREYS, DANIEL N. POSNER, and JEREMY M. WEINSTEIN. "Why Does Ethnic Diversity Undermine Public Goods Provision?" American Political Science Review 101, no. 4 (November 2007): 709–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055407070499.

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A large and growing literature links high levels of ethnic diversity to low levels of public goods provision. Yet although the empirical connection between ethnic heterogeneity and the underprovision of public goods is widely accepted, there is little consensus on the specific mechanisms through which this relationship operates. We identify three families of mechanisms that link diversity to public goods provision—what we term “preferences,” “technology,” and “strategy selection” mechanisms—and run a series of experimental games that permit us to compare the explanatory power of distinct mechanisms within each of these three families. Results from games conducted with a random sample of 300 subjects from a slum neighborhood of Kampala, Uganda, suggest that successful public goods provision in homogenous ethnic communities can be attributed to a strategy selection mechanism: in similar settings, co-ethnics play cooperative equilibria, whereas non-co-ethnics do not. In addition, we find evidence for a technology mechanism: co-ethnics are more closely linked on social networks and thus plausibly better able to support cooperation through the threat of social sanction. We find no evidence for prominent preference mechanisms that emphasize the commonality of tastes within ethnic groups or a greater degree of altruism toward co-ethnics, and only weak evidence for technology mechanisms that focus on the impact of shared ethnicity on the productivity of teams.

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Humaeni, Ayatullah. "ETHNIC DIVERSITY OF BANTENESE SOCIETY." ALQALAM 33, no. 2 (December 30, 2016): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32678/alqalam.v33i2.391.

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As an area that had ever been under the authority of Hindu Kingdom of Padjajaran in which the majority of its society professed Hindu and it had ever become one of the International trading centres and one of the central spots of Islamic studies in the archipelago during The Islamic Sultanate of Banten period in which many people of various ethnics came into Banten not only for conducting trading activities, but also for conducting religious proselytizing (dakwah) and studying Islam, Banten looked like becoming a magnet for people from many ethnics to earn a living, even to live permanently in Banten. Furthermore, they assimilated, integrated and conducted social interaction with local community of Banten. The majority of Bantenese society basically consisted of two dominant ethnics, "Jawa Banten people" and "Sunda Banten people". However, it is wrong to consider that Sundanese ethnic of Banten is the same as Sundanese people of Priangan, Jawa Barat and Javanese ethnic of Banten is similar to Javanese people in Central and East Java due to the difference of languages and cultures among them. As stated on the title, this article discusses the ethnic diversity of Banten. Furthermore, this article also tries to explain the social structure of Bantenese society in the sultanate period, the pre-colonial period, and post-colonial period.

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Humaeni, Ayatullah. "ETHNIC DIVERSITY OF BANTENESE SOCIETY." ALQALAM 34, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32678/alqalam.v34i1.391.

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As an area that had ever been under the authority of Hindu Kingdom of Padjajaran in which the majority of its society professed Hindu and it had ever become one of the International trading centres and one of the central spots of Islamic studies in the archipelago during The Islamic Sultanate of Banten period in which many people of various ethnics came into Banten not only for conducting trading activities, but also for conducting religious proselytizing (dakwah) and studying Islam, Banten looked like becoming a magnet for people from many ethnics to earn a living, even to live permanently in Banten. Furthermore, they assimilated, integrated and conducted social interaction with local community of Banten. The majority of Bantenese society basically consisted of two dominant ethnics, "Jawa Banten people" and "Sunda Banten people". However, it is wrong to consider that Sundanese ethnic of Banten is the same as Sundanese people of Priangan, Jawa Barat and Javanese ethnic of Banten is similar to Javanese people in Central and East Java due to the difference of languages and cultures among them. As stated on the title, this article discusses the ethnic diversity of Banten. Furthermore, this article also tries to explain the social structure of Bantenese society in the sultanate period, the pre-colonial period, and post-colonial period.

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Rashid, Khadijat K., Michael Vickers, Godfrey Mwakikagile, and Rotimi T. Suberu. "Ethnic Politics and Ethnic Conflict." African Studies Review 46, no. 2 (September 2003): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1514828.

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Phillip, Evelyn Newman. "The Ethnic Phenomenon:The Ethnic Phenomenon." Transforming Anthropology 2, no. 2 (July 1991): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tran.1991.2.2.15.

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Alexander, W. Robert J. "Ethnic Gaps and Ethnic Ratios." Political Science 53, no. 1 (June 2001): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003231870105300103.

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Young, Christabel. "Ethnic Media and Ethnic Groups." Media Information Australia 40, no. 1 (May 1986): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x8604000110.

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Reading the daily newspaper, or turning on the radio or television for the news or other information is such a commonplace and routine part of the life of most adult Australians that probably few of us ever wonder how new immigrants, or longer term residents from overseas obtain the news and information which is such a natural part of the day. For the overseas-born the media are also a means of retaining contact with the ethnic community in Australia, keeping up to date with events in the homeland, maintaining the cultural, historical and religious links within the ethnic group, and learning about the new country.

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Kustiawan, Kustiawan, and Rumzi Samin. "Primordialism and Voting Behavior of Malay Ethnic during the 2005-2015 Riau Islands Governor Election." Society 8, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 372–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/society.v8i2.207.

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This research aims to examine primordialism and voting behavior of Malay ethnic during the 2005-2015 Riau Islands governor election (Pemilihan Gubernur or Pilgub). The political phenomenon in Riau Islands seems to be different from other areas where other Malays dominate since non-Malay ethnic candidates won the governor election. This research used a qualitative method with a descriptive technique. The data were collected using in-depth interviews and direct observation. Informants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The result found that people of Malay ethnic are open-minded. The candidates elected also can prove qualified personal and successfully leading the Malay ethnic people in moving ahead. Non-Malay ethnic won the Riau Islands (known as Kepri (Kepulauan Riau)) governor election determined by 1) The political identity of Malay ethnic people is open-minded, coexisting Islamic identity, speaking Malay language, practicing Malay culture, and committing to build and develop Malay ethnic people, so the candidates identified as part of Malay ethnic people and considered by the Malay ethnic people as a candidate for leader of the Malay people in a broadening sense; 2) the figure of candidates can socialize with people of Malay ethnic; 3) other minority ethnics and political parties supported the candidates. Native Malay candidates were failed due to the lack of contribution to the people of Malay ethnic in particular and the Riau Islands in general.

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Demanet, Jannick, Lore Van Praag, and Mieke Van Houtte. "About Ethnicity, Fitting In, and Acting Out: Applying the Person–Environment Fit Framework to School Misconduct." Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology 15, no. 2 (2016): 293–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1945-8959.15.2.293.

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Starting from a person–environment fit framework, this study investigates whether ethnic congruence—the percentage of co-ethnics in a school—relates to school misconduct and whether congruence effects differ between ethnic minority and majority students. Moreover, we investigate whether eventual associations are mediated by friendship attachment, perceived teacher support, and general school belonging. Multilevel analyses of data from 11,759 students across 83 Flemish secondary schools show that higher ethnic congruence is associated with lower levels of school misconduct but only for ethnic minority students. This effect was not mediated by friendship attachment, nor by teacher support, but it was mediated by general school belonging. We conclude that ethnic minority students in schools with a higher percentage of peers of co-ethnic descent are less likely to break the school rules because they feel more contented in the school context, which is congruent with the person–environment fit framework.

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Wang, Yi-ting, and Kiril Kolev. "Ethnic Group Inequality, Partisan Networks, and Political Clientelism." Political Research Quarterly 72, no. 2 (July 27, 2018): 329–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1065912918789283.

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How do ethnic group divisions affect parties’ linkage strategies? The provision of private or local club goods favoring co-ethnics by politicians has been well documented in the literature. However, whether clientelism tends to be more widespread in ethnically highly fragmented societies has not been systematically examined. Utilizing a dataset that includes information on more than 450 parties in eighty competitive party systems, we show that the mere presence of multiple ethnic groups does not lead to more clientelistic exchange. Nevertheless, in countries characterized by high levels of economic inequality between politically relevant ethnic groups, parties are more likely to rely on clientelistic strategies to attract votes. In addition, this positive relationship between ethnic income inequality and clientelism is contingent on parties’ ties to ethnic social networks. Specifically, in ethnically unequal societies, parties that can rely on existing ethnic organizations particularly engage in clientelistic modes of electoral mobilization.

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Suyanto, Budi. "Implementasi Kebijakan Pembinaan Bahasa Daerah di Kabupaten Jember, Situbondo dan Banyuwangi." SEMIOTIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Sastra dan Linguistik 18, no. 1 (August 21, 2017): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/semiotika.v18i1.5110.

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This study discusses about the relation between students’ bilingualism (particularly second language learners) acquired through studying at school and student’s capability in inter-ethnic social interaction. It is assumed that local language teaching at school provides students capability of bilingualism. Students’ bilingualism plays important role in their multicultural perspective endorsing them to have tolerance and solidarity to different ethics and culture, all of which are the factors to build harmony in plural society. Observed subjects are secondary school students with plural cultural backgroundsin Jember, Situbondo, and Banyuwangi. As a matter of fact, people in those three regencies have plural cultural background, however, the teaching of local language is different. This research is conducted with analytic-quantitative paradigm. Data analysis is conducted in two ways: (a) qualifying andgeneralizing dataand (b) qualifying and relating data with their social context. The result shows that (1) learning local language at 6 secondary schools in the three regencies has impact ondifferent achievements concerning students’ bilingualism; (2) there is a correlation between students’ bilingualismand their capability of having interaction with different ethnic; (3) there is a correlation between students’ language performance and their solidarity, tolerance and integrity with people of different ethnics. (4) the consequence of teaching only majorities’ local language is that students’ of major ethnic merely have competence of their own local language, and thus have less capability of bilingualism concerning local language of different ethnic. Students’ linguistic repetoir are not improved. On the other hand, students from minor ethnic do not get competence of their own local language but get other ethnic’s local language instead. Students of minor ethnic have advantage in that they are able to take part in their social role using their competence of major ethnic’s local language. However, it also has negative impact in that they have limited competence in their own local language and culture, and gradually lose their own identity as they become dominated by major ethnic. Keywords: language teaching, multiculturalism, bilingualism, intercultural communication

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Houle, Christian, and Cristina Bodea. "Ethnic inequality and coups in sub-Saharan Africa." Journal of Peace Research 54, no. 3 (May 2017): 382–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022343316685140.

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Does ethnic inequality breed coups? The recent literature on civil war shows both that inequality between ethnic groups induces war and, importantly, that civil wars and coups, although fundamentally different, are related. The literature on coups d’état, however, has yet to theorize and test the effect of ethnic inequality on coups. The link is plausible because many coups are ‘ethnic coups’, which depend on the capacity of plotters to mobilize their co-ethnics. We argue that large income and wealth disparities between ethnic groups accompanied by within-group homogeneity increase the salience of ethnicity and solidify within-group preferences vis-à-vis the preferences of other ethnic groups, increasing the appeal and feasibility of a coup. We use group-level data for 32 sub-Saharan African countries and 141 ethnic groups between 1960 and 2005 and provide the first large-N test to date of the effect of ethnic inequality on coups. Between- and within-group inequality measures are constructed based on survey data from the Afrobarometer and the Demographic and Health Surveys. We find strong support for our hypothesis: between-ethnic-group inequality (BGI) increases the likelihood that an ethnic group stages a coup only when within-ethnic-group inequality (WGI) is low. Coups remain frequent in sub-Saharan Africa and coups are the main threat to democracy in the region, by harming democratic consolidation and economic development, and by provoking further political instability. Our work provides a novel rationale to be concerned about ethnic inequality, showing that when ethnic and income cleavages overlap, destabilizing coups d’état are more likely.

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Sassier, Sharon. "Gender and Ethnic Differences in Marital Assimilation in the Early Twentieth Century." International Migration Review 39, no. 3 (September 2005): 608–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2005.tb00282.x.

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Historical research on intermarriage has overlooked how distinctive patterns of ethnic settlement shape partner choice and assumed that the mate selection process operated the same way for men and women. This study utilizes a sample of young married adults drawn from the 1910 Census IPUMS to examine 1) whether ethnic variation in partner choice was shaped by differences in group concentration and distribution and 2) if factors shaping outmarriage were gendered. About one fifth of young married Americans had spouses of a different ethnic background in 1910, though there was considerable ethnic variation in outmarriage propensities. Barriers to intermarriage fell at different rates, depending upon ethnic group, sex, and region of settlement; they were weakest for first- and second-generation English men. Structural factors such as group size operated differently for men and women; while larger group representation increased men's odds of outmarriage to both native stock and other white ethnic wives, women from the ethnic groups with the largest presence were significantly more likely to wed fellow ethnics than the native stock. Ultimately, even if they resided in the same location, the marriage market operated in different ways for ethnic women and men in search of mates.

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Panjaitan, Carlina, Rizabuana Ismail, and Ria Manurung. "Pedagang Etnis Tionghoa Lebih Suka Menonton Televisi dan Pedagang Etnis Batak Toba Lebih Suka Mendengarkan Musik: Kajian Tentang Penggunaan Waktu Luang Di Kota Tanjungpinang, Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia." Jurnal Empirika 1, no. 2 (November 24, 2016): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47753/je.v1i2.22.

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"Spare time" or "free time" is remaining time someone has besides the time they have for series of mandatory activities to make ends meet. Thus, spare time can be filled with activities such relaxing, resting, recreation, or any other activities to develop one's self without any coercion from others. With Torkildsen (2011) approach, in this writings we found out that Chinese ethnic merchants and Toba Bataknese ethnic merchants in Tanjung Pinang have different ways to spend their spare time: (1) On their time while doing the business, Chinese ethnic merchants prefer to fill their spare time watching television and on the other hand Toba Bataknese ethnic merchants prefer to spend their free time listening to the music. (2) As an activity, on their free time Chinese ethnic merchants choose to travel; Toba Bataknese ethnic merchants choose to do some exercises. (3) For positive mental health or for better mood, Chinese ethnic merchants choose to pay a visit to synagogues, while in contrary Toba Bataknese ethnic merchants prefer to attend "family-name gathering". (4) For broaden meaning of spare time, Chinese ethnics merchants prefer activities which give them freedom, while Toba Bataknese ethnic merchants choose to have conversations with colleagues. (5) From lifestyle perspective, both Chinese and Toba Bataknese ethnic merchants choose to fill their spare time with social activities.Â

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Valk, Aune, and Kristel Karu. "Ethnic Attitudes in Relation to Ethnic Pride and Ethnic Differentiation." Journal of Social Psychology 141, no. 5 (October 2001): 583–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224540109600573.

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35

Rozek, Barbara, and George Brown Tindall. "Natives and Newcomers: Ethnic Southerners and Southern Ethnics." Journal of Southern History 62, no. 2 (May 1996): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2211862.

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Miller, Randall M., and George Brown Tindall. "Natives & Newcomers: Ethnic Southerners and Southern Ethnics." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 27, no. 3 (1997): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/205947.

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37

Lee-Lampshire, Wendy. "Decisions of Identity: Feminist Subjects and Grammars of Sexuality." Hypatia 10, no. 4 (1995): 32–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1995.tb00997.x.

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While Sarah Hoagland's conception of a lesbian ethic offers a promising route toward articulating an ethics of resistance, her notion of self in community does not provide a conception of “subject” capable of both embracing political action as fundamental to personal life and explicitly recognizing cultural, ethnic, and sexual multiplicity as central to ethical decision-making. Such a notion can be found, however, in the remarks of later Wittgenstein concerning the “language games” of describing.

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Kelly, Mary E. "Ethnic Conversions: Family, Community, Women, and Kinwork." Ethnic Studies Review 19, no. 1 (February 1, 1996): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.1996.19.1.81.

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According to the straight-line theory of assimilation, ethnic groups by the third or fourth generation should be entirely assimilated into mainstream society and should identify themselves as “Americans.” Yet there has been a resurgence of ethnicity among white ethnics in the United States that has led to a renewed interest in particular ethnic groups and their cultures. Third- and fourth-generation European Americans claim an ethnic identity even though their ties to their ancestral homeland may be tenuous. Lithuanian Americans in Kansas City, Kansas, in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s would seem to provide support for the straight-line theory of assimilation, yet since the 1980s they have reconstituted themselves through the Lithuanians of America organization and are experiencing a renewal of their ethnic identity. The Lithuanian American community in Seattle, Washington, also experienced ebbs and flows in the activism and unity of its members. The community was active at the turn of the twentieth century, next revitalized by Lithuanian emigres following World War II, and then became active again in the late 1970s after a decade of inaction. Members of the two groups were given questionnaires in the early 1990s to address the ethnic identity fluctuations as well as the role of non-ethnics in the organizations. One of the more exciting findings from the surveys and from participant observation was the extensive role of “ethnic converts” in the Kansas City organization, and their lesser (but still significant) role in the Seattle Lithuanian-American community.

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Shaffer, Brenda. "The Formation of Azerbaijani Collective Identity in Iran." Nationalities Papers 28, no. 3 (September 2000): 449–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713687484.

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Iran is a multi-ethnic society in which approximately 50% of its citizens are of non-Persian origin, yet researchers commonly use the terms Persians and Iranians interchangeably, neglecting the supra-ethnic meaning of the term Iranian for many of the non-Persians in Iran. The largest minority ethnic group in Iran is the Azerbaijanis (comprising approximately a third of the population) and other major groups include the Kurds, Arabs, Baluchis and Turkmen. Iran's ethnic groups are particularly susceptible to external manipulation and considerably subject to influence from events taking place outside its borders, since most of the non-Persians are concentrated in the frontier areas and have ties to co-ethnics in adjoining states, such as Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Pakistan and Iraq.

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Hadzic, Dino, David Carlson, and Margit Tavits. "How Exposure to Violence Affects Ethnic Voting." British Journal of Political Science 50, no. 1 (December 4, 2017): 345–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123417000448.

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How does wartime exposure to ethnic violence affect the political preferences of ordinary citizens? Are high-violence communities more or less likely to reject the politicization of ethnicity post-war? We argue that community-level experience with wartime violence solidifies ethnic identities, fosters intra-ethnic cohesion and increases distrust toward non-co-ethnics, thereby making ethnic parties the most attractive channels of representation and contributing to the politicization of ethnicity. Employing data on wartime casualties at the community level and pre- as well as post-war election results in Bosnia, we find strong support for this argument. The findings hold across a number of robustness checks. Using post-war survey data, we also provide evidence that offers suggestive support for the proposed causal mechanism.

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Nordin, N. N. H., W. N. W. Husin, M. Z. Salleh, and A. L. Harun. "Malaysian Peacekeepers Perspectives on the Influence of Governance and Ethnic-Cross Relationship in Enhancing Ethnic Tolerance during Peacekeeping Operations." Journal of Educational and Social Research 12, no. 1 (January 3, 2022): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2022-0018.

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Ethnic tolerance among peacekeepers plays an important role in ensuring the effectiveness of peacekeeping operations. Therefore, this study aimed to analyse the influence of governance and ethnic-cross relationship towards enhancing of ethnic tolerance based on the perspectives of Malaysian peacekeepers. This study applied quantitative data collection method through a set of questionnaires with 432 participants that previously being deployed to various United Nations Peacekeeping Operations (UNPKO). The result indicates that both governance and ethnic-cross relationships have a positive correlation towards enhancement of the level of ethnic tolerance among Malaysian peacekeepers. The findings could strengthen the code of ethics for cultural competence, which emphasises the importance of understanding ethnic tolerance during peacekeeping operations or deployments. Received: 4 October 2021 / Accepted: 21 November 2021 / Published: 3 January 2022

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Zhao, Zhenzhou. "China's Ethnic Dilemma: Ethnic Minority Education." Chinese Education & Society 43, no. 1 (January 2010): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/ced1061-1932430100.

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TSUTANI, Kiichiro, and Kazuhiko NAKAJIMA. "From Ethnic Difference to Ethnic Similarity." YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 129, no. 2 (February 1, 2009): 209–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.129.209.

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NAKAJIMA, Kazuhiko. "From Ethnic Difference to Ethnic Similarity." YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 129, no. 2 (February 1, 2009): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.129.223.

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Soomro, Naureen Nazar, and Aslam Pervez Memon. "ETHNIC RELATIONS IN MULTI-ETHNIC MALAYSIA." Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 53, no. 2 (December 31, 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/jssh.v53i2.67.

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The Malaysian society, one of the successful and managed multi-ethnic societies, is replete of imbalances and there still underlie the racial and ethnic disproportions in geographical dwellings, educational and professional fields, and economic and political roles. The modern racial relation in Malaysia is the legacy of pre-colonial and colonial period of history dating back to fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The unstable demographic balance, the unrestricted immigration policy or the policy of divide and rule by the colonial masters contributed besides other reasons toward the troubled relations between ethnic communities of Malaysia- Malays, Chinese, Indians, and others. But the way the respective Malaysian governments have managed such sour relationship in their socio-economic and political spheres is the lesson that all multiethnic states can learn from.

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Soomro, Naureen Nazar, Aslam Pervez Memon, and Aslam Pervez Memon. "ETHNIC RELATIONS IN MULTI-ETHNIC MALAYSIA." Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 53, no. 2 (December 31, 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/jssh.v53i2.78.

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Abstract The Malaysian society, one of the successful and managed multi-ethnic societies, is replete of imbalances and there still underlie the racial and ethnic disproportions in geographical dwellings, educational and professional fields, and economic and political roles. The modern racial relation in Malaysia is the legacy of pre-colonial and colonial period of history dating back to fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The unstable demographic balance, the unrestricted immigration policy or the policy of divide and rule by the colonial masters contributed besides other reasons toward the troubled relations between ethnic communities of Malaysia- Malays, Chinese, Indians, and others. But the way the respective Malaysian governments have managed such sour relationship in their socio-economic and political spheres is the lesson that all multiethnic states can learn from.

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Bird, Karen. "Ethnic quotas and ethnic representation worldwide." International Political Science Review 35, no. 1 (January 2014): 12–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192512113507798.

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Hwang, Sean-Shong, and Steve H. Murdock. "Ethnic Enclosure or Ethnic Competition: Ethnic Identification Among Hispanics in Texas." Sociological Quarterly 32, no. 3 (September 1, 1991): 469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-8525.1991.tb00169.x.

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Joodaki, Abdol Hossein. "Ethnic identity: Negro’s double-consciousness and ethnic independency in August Wilson’s Fences." Journal of Language and Literature 5, no. 1 (February 25, 2014): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7813/jll.2014/5-1/10.

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Greek, Cecil, and Anthony Cortese. "Ethnic Ethics: The Restructuring of Moral Theory." Social Forces 70, no. 1 (September 1991): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2580101.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Ethnic'

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