Journal articles on the topic 'Ethnic relations in Australia'
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1
Piperoglou, Andonis. "Migrant Labour and Their “Capitalist Compatriots”: Towards a History of Ethnic Capitalism." Labour History: Volume 121, Issue 1 121, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 175–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jlh.2021.23.
Abstract:
The relationship between migration and Australian capitalism has long been a topic of robust scholarly debate in sociology and economics. Researchers in those fields have highlighted how migration has left an indelible imprint on Australian capitalism. By contrast, Australian migration histories have given scant attention to the role ethnic groups played in Australian capitalism. This lack of attention is particularly curious in historical studies of Greek Australia given the significance of small business in facilitating migration and settlement. From Federation onwards, Greek ethnic capitalism - or, more precisely, the relations between Greek migrant labourers and their petite bourgeoisie employers - became a topic of media coverage. In fact, the relations between Greek workers and employers were so important that newspapers routinely reported on the subject. This article examines this media coverage, its racialist and criminalising connotations, and historical relevance. It concludes with some observations on how histories of capitalism can productively engage with the histories of ethnicisation.
2
Sheppard, Jill, Marija Taflaga, and Liang Jiang. "Explaining high rates of political participation among Chinese migrants to Australia." International Political Science Review 41, no. 3 (May 22, 2019): 385–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192512119834623.
Abstract:
Studies of political participation regularly observe the underrepresentation of immigrant citizens and ethnic minorities. In contrast, evidence from Australia suggests that immigrant Australians are overrepresented in certain forms of participation, including donating money and working for a party or candidate. Drawing on major theories of ethnic political participation (including socialisation, recruitment and clientelism), this study uses 2013 Australian Election Study data to show that China-born migrants to Australia participate at higher rates than native-born and other migrant citizens. The study finds support for two explanatory theories: (a) that contributions of money by recently-arrived migrants are an aspect of clientelist relationships between migrants and legislators; and (b) that political interest in and knowledge of the host country’s political system are not necessary, and indeed perhaps even depress participation among newly-arrived migrants. These findings suggest an under-explored vein of transactional politics within established democratic systems.
3
Martinovic, Borja, Jolanda Jetten, Anouk Smeekes, and Maykel Verkuyten. "Collective memory of a dissolved country: Group-based nostalgia and guilt assignment as predictors of interethnic relations between diaspora groups from former Yugoslavia." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 5, no. 2 (January 15, 2018): 588–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v5i2.733.
Abstract:
In this study we examined intergroup relations between immigrants of different ethnic backgrounds (Croats, Serbs, and Bosniaks) originating from the same conflict area (former Yugoslavia) and living in the same host country (Australia). For these (formerly) conflicted groups we investigated whether interethnic contacts depended on superordinate Yugoslavian and subgroup ethnic identifications as well as two emotionally laden representations of history: Yugonostalgia (longing for Yugoslavia from the past) and collective guilt assignment for the past wrongdoings. Using unique survey data collected among Croats, Serbs and Bosniaks in Australia (N = 87), we found that Yugoslavian identification was related to stronger feelings of Yugonostalgia, and via Yugonostalgia, to relatively more contact with other subgroups from former Yugoslavia. Ethnic identification, in contrast, was related to a stronger assignment of guilt to out-group relative to in-group, and therefore, to relatively less contact with other subgroups in Australia. We discuss implications of transferring group identities and collective memories into the diaspora.
4
Liu, Shuang, Sharon Dane, Cindy Gallois, Catherine Haslam, and Tran Le Nghi Tran. "The Dynamics of Acculturation Among Older Immigrants in Australia." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 51, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 424–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022120927461.
Abstract:
This study explores different acculturation pathways that older immigrants follow, and the social/cultural identities they claim (or do not claim), as they live and age in Australia. Data were collected from 29 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with older immigrants (65+ years) from nine cultural backgrounds. We used participants’ self-defined cultural identity to explore how these cultural identities were enacted in different contexts. Mapping self-defined cultural identity with narratives about what participants do in relation to ethnic and host cultures, we found three dynamic acculturation pathways: (a) identifying with the ethnic culture while embracing aspects of Australian culture, (b) identifying with Australian culture while participating in the ethnic culture, and (c) identifying with both cultures while maintaining the way of life of the ethnic culture. These pathways show that acculturation strategies are not necessarily consistent with self-defined identity, within the same individual or over time. Rather, the participants’ narratives suggest that their life in the settlement country involves ongoing negotiation across people, culture, and relationships. The findings highlight the importance for acculturation research to be situated in the context in which immigrants find themselves, to capture the nuances of these dynamic acculturation experiences.
5
Castles, Stephen. "The Australian Model of Immigration and Multiculturalism: Is It Applicable to Europe?" International Migration Review 26, no. 2 (June 1992): 549–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839202600219.
Abstract:
Immigration has played a central role in nation-building in Australia. Since 1945, over 5 million settlers have come from many different countries, leading to a situation of great cultural diversity. State involvement in the management of settlement and ethnic relations has always been pronounced. Over the last twenty years, a policy of multiculturalism has emerged, giving rise to several special institutions. This has had profound effects both on social policy and on concepts of national identity. The relevance of the Australian model for Western Europe is discussed. The article concludes that it can provide useful impulses, though not ready-made answers:
6
Srinivasan, Nara, and Lydia Hearn. "Policing in a Multicultural Society: A Changing Society, a Changing Police Culture?" International Journal of Police Science & Management 3, no. 4 (October 2001): 309–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146135570100300404.
Abstract:
For many years Australia has been known for its all-white policy, but in recent years the government has undertaken a series of radical measures to improve ‘access' and ‘equity’ of all groups living in Australia — a process which has involved improving the ability of government bodies to understand the intricate relations which arise within a multicultural society so that they can better attend to the different values and needs of the various groups. In this paper, the authors look at an innovative, proactive programme entitled ‘Policing in a multicultural community’ set up by the Western Australian Police Service, the Department of Multicultural Affairs, the Ethnic Communities Council and Edith Cowan University, in coordination with the Northern Suburbs Migrant Resource Centre. The programme is based on the premise that ‘only through understanding people's needs, expectations and fears can compatibility between police and society be achieved’. The findings of this comprehensive evaluation showed that by fostering a sense of partnership it is possible to achieve significant impacts in terms of promoting an understanding of cultural diversity among police officers, and overcoming issues which in the past have prevented ethnic minority groups from accessing police services.
7
van den Broek, Diane, and Dimitria Groutsis. "Global nursing and the lived experience of migration intermediaries." Work, Employment and Society 31, no. 5 (September 1, 2016): 851–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017016658437.
Abstract:
Discussion of skilled migration often focuses on skill shortages and global labour market trends, with little attention directed to the individual experiences of the migrants themselves. ‘Divina’ is a migrant nurse who left her home country of the Philippines to gain work in Australia. In the process of this migration, Divina was drawn into a complex web of co-ethnic relationships with migration intermediaries that shaped much of her experiences with respect to entry and employment in Australia. Her story highlights how migration intermediaries can exacerbate the precarious and vulnerable position of skilled migrants. The dangers are particularly striking for those migrating from non-English-speaking and/or developing nations, where vulnerabilities can be entrenched by ‘trusting’ co-ethnic relations forged between sending and receiving countries.
8
Baldassar, Loretta. "Migration Monuments in Italy and Australia: Contesting Histories and Transforming Identities." Modern Italy 11, no. 1 (February 2006): 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532940500492241.
Abstract:
Rather than focusing on how Italians share the neighbourhood with other groups, this paper examines some of the intra-group processes (i.e. relations between Italians themselves) that produced various monuments to Italian migration in Australia, Brazil and Italy. Through their distinct styles and formulations, the monuments reflect diverse and often competing elaborations of the migrant experience by different generations at local, national and transnational levels. The recent increase in the construction of such monuments in Australia is linked to the gradual disappearance of ‘visibly’ Italian neighbourhoods. These commemorations effectively transform Italian migrants into Australian pioneers and, thus, resolve moral and cultural ambiguities about belonging and identity by de-emphasizing difference (ethnic diversity) and concealing intergenerational tensions about appropriate ways of expressing Italianness. Similarly, the appearance of monuments in Italy is linked to an emergent ‘diasporic’ consciousness fuelled by Italian emigrants’ growing ability to travel to Italy, but also to the attempt to obscure potentially destabilizing dual identities by emphasizing (one, Italian) ‘homeland’.
9
Sullivan, Gerard, and S. Gunasekaran. "The Role of Ethnic Relations and Education Systems in Migration from Southeast Asia to Australia." Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia 8, no. 2 (August 1993): 219–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1355/sj8-2a.
10
Hopkins, Susan. "UN celebrity ‘It’ girls as public relations-ised humanitarianism." International Communication Gazette 80, no. 3 (August 25, 2017): 273–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048517727223.
Abstract:
This article combines framing analysis and critical textual analysis in a qualitative investigation of the ways in which popular culture texts, in particular articles in Australian women's magazines, frame transnational celebrity activism. Using three recent case studies of commercial representations of popular female celebrities – Nicole Kidman in Marie Claire (Australia), Angelina Jolie in Vogue (Australia) and Emma Watson in Cleo (Australia) – this study dissects framing devices to reveal the discursive tensions which lie beneath textual constructions of celebrity humanitarianism. Through a focus on United Nations Women's Goodwill Ambassadors, and their exemplary performances of popular humanitarianism, I argue that feminist celebrity activists may inadvertently contradict the cause of global gender equality by operating within the limits of celebrity publicity images and discourses. Moreover, the deployment of celebrity women, who have built their vast wealth and global influence through the commodification of Western ideals of beauty and femininity, betrays an approach to humanitarianism, which is grounded in the intersection of neocolonial global capitalism, liberal feminism and the ethics of competitive individualism.
11
Rowe, David, Greg Noble, Tony Bennett, and Michelle Kelly. "Transforming cultures? From Creative Nation to Creative Australia." Media International Australia 158, no. 1 (February 2016): 6–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x16629544.
Abstract:
This article introduces the Special Issue, ‘Transforming Cultures? From Creative Nation to Creative Australia’. Taking its historical reference point from the 1994 national cultural policy Creative Nation, it outlines the issue’s theoretical foundation in the field theory of Pierre Bourdieu, while also signalling field theory’s limitations in relation to transnationalism, ethnic heterogeneity and Indigeneity. This introduction addresses the specific conditions that require an approach that takes full account of the endogenous and exogenous factors influencing the constitution of culture in Australia from Creative Nation to its 2013 successor national cultural policy, Creative Australia, to the present day and beyond. Finally, the issue’s articles, which cover the broadcast media, sport, music, literature, heritage, and Indigenous art fields, are outlined, as are their contributions to advancing understanding of the key social and policy issues shaping the present conditions and future possibilities of Australian cultural fields in the process of transformation.
12
Boucher, Anna. "Measuring migrant worker rights violations in practice: The example of temporary skilled visas in Australia." Journal of Industrial Relations 61, no. 2 (October 8, 2018): 277–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185618783001.
Abstract:
Despite global attention to worker rights violations experienced by temporary migrants, we lack a clear evidence base to understand the extent and nature of these abuses. This article presents findings from a pilot of a Migrant Worker Rights Database. This pilot measures rights abuses of former Temporary Work (Skilled) visa (subclass 457) entrants to Australia from 1996 to 2016. This visa was the key formal temporary visa into Australia over this period. The pilot codes all available court cases that 457 visa holders brought before the national workplace relations tribunal, the Australian Fair Work Commission and relevant state and federal courts and tribunals, to capture legally recognised rights abuses that migrant workers experienced on the ground. It also codes coverage in three daily newspapers of these rights violations. This combined evidence base generates a series of rights violations, or ‘events’, that are then analysed to present patterns of rights abuses of migrant workers on the 457 visa. Key findings are that ethnic background and occupational status of migrants appear to inform the level of reported rights abuses. Further, legal representation of migrant workers assists in successful outcomes, particularly through the Fair Work Ombudsman – a government body empowered with enforcing compliance with workplace laws (197).
13
Busbridge, Rachel. "A multicultural success story? Australian integration in comparative focus." Journal of Sociology 56, no. 2 (August 15, 2019): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783319869525.
Abstract:
Australia is often held up as an exemplary multicultural society in cross-national comparisons, particularly in relation to the integration of immigrants. Yet, this ‘grand narrative’ of Australia’s multicultural success risks an over-simplified picture of the dynamics of integration in Australia, obscuring dimensions on which Australia’s performance is comparatively poor. Juliet Pietsch’s Race, Ethnicity and the Participation Gap makes a valuable contribution to a more nuanced discussion, asking why the political participation of non-European ethnic and immigrant minorities in Australia is so low compared to Canada and the United States. This review article brings Pietsch into critical conversation with two recent books on comparative integration in North America and Western Europe: Richard Alba and Nancy Foner’s S trangers No More and Gulay Ugur Goksel’s Integration of Immigrants and the Theory of Recognition. Read alongside each other, these texts encourage deeper reflection on where Australia sits on a variety of indicators of immigrant integration as well as how integration is conceptualised in Australia. This article thus contributes to existing literature on the contemporary state of Australian multiculturalism, while also pointing towards directions for future research.
14
Li, Yao-Tai. "“It’s Not Discrimination”: Chinese Migrant Workers’ Perceptions of and Reactions to Racial Microaggressions in Australia." Sociological Perspectives 62, no. 4 (February 2019): 554–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731121419826583.
Abstract:
Racial microaggressions appear in different forms and affect racial and ethnic groups through everyday practices. We know little, however, about how racial microaggressions are perceived and operate in the context of institutionalized racism. In an immigration context, the structural mechanisms that influence migrant workers’ interpretations of racial microaggressions remain understudied. This article examines job-search processes, self-perceptions of foreign-ness, group interactions, and work experiences of Chinese migrant workers in Australia. I argue that the intersection of foreign-ness, human capital, and migrant status reflects structural inequality in the field of overseas employment, which involves an ideological system that reminds migrant workers of their differences/otherness when racial microaggressions happen. The intersection also influences how migrant workers interpret and react to such microaggressions. Meanwhile, workplace relations and interaction patterns ease tensions between advantaged and disadvantaged groups, yet persistent racial stereotypes and unequal race relations are maintained in everyday life.
15
Wheatland, Fiona Tito. "Medical Indemnity Reform in Australia: “First Do No Harm”." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 33, no. 3 (2005): 429–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2005.tb00510.x.
Abstract:
Medical indemnity is not usually the stuff of high political and social drama in Australia. When the biggest medical defense organization went into voluntary liquidation in 2002, this all changed. Newspapers carried stories on an almost daily basis about the actual or possible negative impact of the “crisis” on doctors, hospitals, and communities. Doctors became increasingly vocal in their criticisms and expansive in their claims. Their political organization, the Australian Medical Association, lobbied powerfully and successfully for government intervention to address the problem of dramatically escalating premiums for some doctors. This, combined with a broader public relations campaign about public liability insurance, resulted in significant changes in the law at both the federal and state level - not just in the area of medical negligence but in relation to most personal injury litigation.The genesis of and reasons for current medical indemnity problems in Australia have been the subject of much speculation and little rigorous analysis.
16
Jakubowicz, Andrew, and Mara Moustafine. "Living on the Outside: cultural diversity and the transformation of public space in Melbourne." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 2, no. 3 (September 21, 2010): 55–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v2i3.1603.
Abstract:
Melbourne has been described as Australia’s most liveable and most multicultural city. What relation do these descriptions have to each other? How has the public culture of Victoria been influenced by the cultural diversity of the state? The political class in Victoria has tended to be more in favour of multiculturalism as a policy, more resistant to populist racism and more positive about immigration than elsewhere in Australia. How has this orientation been affected by the institutional embedding of ethnic power during the past four decades? The organization of ethnic groups into political lobbies, which have collaborated across ethnic borders, has brought about cultural transformations in the “mainstream”. Often the public experiences these transformations through changing uses of public spaces. This paper offers an historical sociology of this process, and argues for a view of public space as a physical representation of the relative power of social forces. It is based on research for the Making Multicultural Australia (Victoria) project. (http://multiculturalaustralia.edu.au). An online version of the paper inviting user-generated comments can be found at http://mmav1.wordpress.com.
17
Nguy, Linda, and Caroline J. Hunt. "Ethnicity and bullying: A study of Australian high-school students." Educational and Child Psychology 21, no. 4 (2004): 78–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2004.21.4.78.
Abstract:
Bullying is a widespread problem of concern to many educators and psychologists. Globally however, there is a paucity of literature examining ethnic variables in the context of bullying. This is an important area of study, particularly for those responsible for implementing bullying interventions, with societies becoming increasingly diverse in their ethnic composition. To explore the effects of ethnic variables in bullying, this study focuses on the relationship of ethnicity and ethnic identification with bullying behaviour and bullying attitudes. Australian high-school students (N= 478) from different ethnic backgrounds were surveyed using the Attitude to Victim Scale, Attitude to Bullying Scale, Peer Relations Questionnaire and the Multi-group Ethnic Identity Measure-Affirmation/Belonging Subscale. Results indicate that ethnic factors influence some bullying behaviours and attitudes to a small but significant extent. No ethnic differences were observed for incidence of bullying involvement or victimisation, although frequency of group bullying involvement was influenced by strength of ethnic identification as a function of sex. Ethnicity and sex differentiated students’ attitudes toward bullying, with more pronounced sex differences among ethnic majority students. Ethnic minority students placed greater importance on attributes proposed as consequences of bullying, compared with ethnic majority students. Irrespective of ethnicity, students felt that their school was concerned about addressing the problem of bullying and no ethnic differences were identified for attitudes toward bullying interventions. This study demonstrates the complex relationship between ethnic variables and bullying and discusses the need, in future, for a more sophisticated exploration of ethnic variables in the context of bullying.
18
Budarick, John. "Ethnic minority media and the public sphere: The case of African-Australian media producers." Journal of Sociology 53, no. 2 (September 5, 2016): 303–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783316657430.
Abstract:
This article analyses the work of ethnic minority media producers through a series of 13 in-depth interviews with African-Australian broadcasters, writers and producers. Focusing on the aims and motivations of participants, the article demonstrates a more expansive role for African-Australian media, one that brings niche media products into dialogue with mainstream Australian public life and challenges common understandings of ethnic media as appealing to a small, linguistically and culturally defined audience. Such a role also raises questions around wider conceptual understandings of the public sphere, particularly as it is employed to interrogate minority–majority relations. The article concludes by engaging with previous literature focused on the changing contours of the public sphere ideal in multi-ethnic and multicultural societies.
19
Dubrovin, V. J., and Y. N. Solovarovа. "PROBLEMATIZATION OF ETHNIC CONTEXT AND SOCIO-POLITICAL CASES OF MULTICULTURALISM." KAZAN SOCIALLY-HUMANITARIAN BULLETIN 11, no. 3 (June 2020): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24153/2079-5912-2020-11-3-9-15.
Abstract:
The article discusses the problems that have arisen during the implementation of the policy of multiculturalism in countries with a multinational population of Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand. In these states, there are successful cases of interaction between state institutions and ethnic minorities. The ethnopolitics of such multinational states is aimed at expanding the rights of ethnic minorities and their inclusion in the political process. Such a policy is based on the concept of multiculturalism and assumes the equality of ethnic minorities in the cultural environment of the dominant ethnic majority, realizes the idea of equality of people in all socio-political spheres. Multiculturalism is becoming the basis of public policy, as it integrates, adapts the minority and majority in a single community, while emphasizing and preserving ethnic, linguistic and religious identity. In the course of the multiculturalism policy, the prerequisites for the formation of the legal field of its development are created. The authors identify four key socio-political cases of multiculturalism: Canada, Australia, New Zealand and the countries of the Scandinavian Peninsula, which reflect the current results of multiculturalism policy. The article notes the fact that in relation to "indigenous peoples" the multiculturalism policy of these countries consolidates the official status of the ethnic minority and the language of indigenous peoples within the framework of the main state legislative acts. In the policy of multiculturalism, in the vast majority of countries represented in cases, the ethnic minority is given not only national-territorial, cultural autonomy, but also the opportunity to form ethnic representations included in state representative bodies of power. It is suggested that for multinational Russia, the model of multicultural development is the most appropriate.
20
Franklin, Adrian. "Human-Nonhuman Animal Relationships in Australia: An Overview of Results from the First National Survey and Follow-up Case Studies 2000-2004." Society & Animals 15, no. 1 (2007): 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853007x169315.
Abstract:
AbstractThis paper provides an overview of results from an Australian Research Council-funded project "Sentiments and Risks: The Changing Nature of Human-Animal Relations in Australia." The data discussed come from a survey of 2000 representative Australians at the capital city, state, and rural regional level. It provides both a snapshot of the state of involvement of Australians with nonhuman animals and their views on critical issues: ethics, rights, animals as food, risk from animals, native versus introduced animals, hunting, fishing, and companionate relations with animals. Its data point to key trends and change. The changing position of animals in Australian society is critical to understand, given its historic export markets in meat and livestock, emerging tourism industry with its strong wildlife focus, native animals' place in discourses of nation, and the centrality of animal foods in the national diet. New anxieties about risk from animal-sourced foods and the endangerment of native animals from development and introduced species, together with tensions between animals' rights and the privileging of native species, contribute to the growth of a strongly contested animal politics in Australia.
21
Marjoribanks, Kevin. "Parents' and Young Adults' Individualism-Collectivism: Ethnic Group Differences." Psychological Reports 80, no. 3 (June 1997): 934–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.80.3.934.
Abstract:
This study examined to what extent ethnic group differences in young adults' individualistic-collectivistic orientations could be attributed to their parents' socialization orientations. Data were collected from 320 21-yr.-olds and their parents from Anglo-, Greek-, and Italian-Australian families as part of a longitudinal investigation. The findings indicated that the relations between parents' and young adults' individualistic-collectivistic orientations differed for women and men and varied among ethnic groups.
22
Marjoribanks, Kevin. "Ethnicity, Birth Order, and Family Environment." Psychological Reports 84, no. 3 (June 1999): 758–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.84.3.758.
Abstract:
Relationships were examined between birth order and family environment for children from different ethnic groups. Data were collected from 820 11-yr.-olds and their parents from Anglo-, Greek-, and Italian-Australian families. The findings indicated that there were modest significant relations between birth order and measures of parents' aspirations, parental involvement, and parenting style and that the linear and curvilinear nature of the associations differed among ethnic groups.
23
Pham, Mai N. "Language attitudes of the Vietnamese in Melbourne." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 21, no. 2 (January 1, 1998): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.21.2.01pha.
Abstract:
Abstract This study is an attempt to investigate language attitudes of the older and younger generations of Vietnamese bilingual adults in Melbourne, in relation to their ethnicity in the Australian context and in the light of the historical background of the Vietnamese immigrants in Australia. A survey of 165 Vietnamese bilingual adults and students in Melbourne was carried out to investigate their language use in private and public domains, their appraisal of English and Vietnamese, their attitudes towards Vietnamese language maintenance, acculturation, and the question of their ethnic identity in Australian society. The results of the findings reveal that there is a significant difference between adults and students in various aspects of their language attitudes. Overall their choice of language use in private and public domains varies with situations and interlocutors. Although both groups show positive attitudes towards the appraisal of Vietnamese, the maintenance of Vietnamese language and culture and the retaining of their ethnic identity, what is significant is that students demonstrate stronger positive attitudes than adults. With regard to factors that influence the maintenance of Vietnamese, while adults think that government language policy is the most important factor, students express their confidence in the ability of the Vietnamese themselves to maintain their language.
24
Musgrave, Simon, and Julie Bradshaw. "Language and social inclusion." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 37, no. 3 (January 1, 2014): 198–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.37.3.01mus.
Abstract:
Social inclusion policy in Australia has largely ignored key issues of communication for linguistic minorities, across communities and with the mainstream community. In the (now disbanded) Social Inclusion Board’s reports (e.g., Social Inclusion Unit, 2009), the emphasis is on the economic aspects of inclusion, while little attention has been paid to questions of language and culture. Assimilatory aspects of policy are foregrounded, and language is mainly mentioned in relation to the provision of classes in English as a Second Language. There is some recognition of linguistic diversity but the implications of this for inclusion and intercultural communication are not developed. Australian society can now be characterised as super-diverse, containing numerous ethnic groups each with multiple and different affiliations. We argue that a social inclusion policy that supports such linguistic and cultural diversity needs an evidence-based approach to the role of language and we evaluate existing policy approaches to linguistic and cultural diversity in Australia to assess whether inclusion is construed primarily in terms of enhancing intercultural communication, or of assimilation to the mainstream.
25
Duck, Julie M., Richard Lalonde, and Deena Weiss. "International Images and Mass Media: The Effects of Media Coverage on Canadians' Perceptions of Ethnic and Race Relations in Australia." Australian Journal of Psychology 55, no. 1 (April 2003): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049530412331312824.
26
Budarick, John, and Gil-Soo Han. "Towards a multi-ethnic public sphere? African-Australian media and minority–majority relations." Media, Culture & Society 37, no. 8 (August 10, 2015): 1254–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443715596503.
27
Jayaraman, Raja. "Inclusion and Exclusion: An Analysis of the Australian Immigration History and Ethnic Relations." Journal of Popular Culture 34, no. 1 (June 2000): 135–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3840.2000.3401_135.x.
28
Marjoribanks, Kevin. "Family environment and cognitive correlates of young adults' social status attainment: ethnic group differences." Journal of Biosocial Science 23, no. 4 (October 1991): 491–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000019581.
Abstract:
SummaryA longitudinal sample of 21-year-old Australians from Anglo-Australian, Greek and Southern Italian families was used to examine relationships of children's cognitive performance, family learning environments, adolescents' perceptions of family learning contexts, and measures of young adults' social status attainment. Generally, the findings using a regression approach indicated that there were ethnic group differences in the relations between parents' academic socialisation, children's cognitive performance, and measures of young adults' social status attainment. The results also showed that in each ethnic group, adolescents' perceptions of parents' support for learning had strong associations with young adults' status attainment.
29
Ho, Christina. "Everyday Diversity." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 6, no. 2 (March 4, 2015): 134–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v6i2.3964.
Abstract:
The Cosmopolitan Civil Societies Journal has been an important forum for discussing issues around cultural diversity. Articles on cultural diversity have been present in virtually every issue of the journal. These have ranged from conceptual pieces on cosmopolitanism, identity, dialogue, prejudice, pluralism, cultural and social capital and social inclusion, to articles embedded in empirical research on ethnic precincts and segregation in cities, experiences of religious minorities, immigrant entrepreneurs, and more. Over its five year history, the journal has also had themed editions on cultural diversity issues, including one on embracing diversity in sport, and another on the Chinese in Australian politics. The scope of this work has been wide, and authors have brought a range of disciplinary and methodological approaches to the journal. The purpose of this paper is to draw together some of the work that has been published around cultural diversity, particularly relating to everyday experiences of cosmopolitanism and racism. Focusing on everyday social relations has been an important part of recent scholarship on cultural diversity in Australia (e.g. Wise and Velayutham 2009). In contrast to research framed around multicultural policy or mediated representations of diversity, the scholarship of the ‘everyday’ aims to explore people’s lived experiences and daily interactions with others.
30
Congress, Elaine, and Donna McAuliffe. "Social work ethics." International Social Work 49, no. 2 (March 2006): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872806061211.
Abstract:
English This article compares and contrasts two main areas of the Australian and US codes of ethics for social workers. These have been selected for comparison because recent revisions in their provisions about dual relationships and confidentiality raise challenging questions about acceptable practice standards. French Cet article compare et contraste deux grands domaines des codes d'éthique pour les travailleurs sociaux d'Australie et des Etats-Unis. Ces deux codes d'éthique ont été sélectionnés pour comparaison en raison de leurs récentes révisions aux niveaux des 'relations doubles' et de la confidentialité. Ces questions posent des défis de taille quant aux normes de pratiques acceptables. Spanish Se comparan dos áreas principales de los códigos de trabajo social de Australia y de los Estados Unidos. Se eligieron estos dos códigos para comparación porque sus revisiones recientes acerca de relaciones duales y de secreto profesional suscitan cuestiones difíciles acerca de estándares aceptables.
31
Tufail, Waqas, and Scott Poynting. "A Common ‘Outlawness’: Criminalisation of Muslim Minorities in the UK and Australia." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 2, no. 3 (November 1, 2013): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v2i3.125.
Abstract:
Since mass immigration recruitments of the post-war period, ‘othered’ immigrants to both the UK and Australia have faced ‘mainstream’ cultural expectations to assimilate, and various forms of state management of their integration. Perceived failure or refusal to integrate has historically been constructed as deviant, though in certain policy phases this tendency has been mitigated by cultural pluralism and official multiculturalism. At critical times, hegemonic racialisation of immigrant minorities has entailed their criminalisation, especially that of their young men. In the UK following the ‘Rushdie Affair’ of 1989, and in both Britain and Australia following these states’ involvement in the 1990-91 Gulf War, the ‘Muslim Other’ was increasingly targeted in cycles of racialised moral panic. This has intensified dramatically since the 9/11 terrorist attacks and the ensuing ‘War on Terror’. The young men of Muslim immigrant communities in both these nations have, over the subsequent period, been the subject of heightened popular and state Islamophobia in relation to: perceived ‘ethnic gangs’; alleged deviant, predatory masculinity including so-called ‘ethnic gang rape’; and paranoia about Islamist ‘radicalisation’ and its supposed bolstering of terrorism. In this context, the earlier, more genuinely social-democratic and egalitarian, aspects of state approaches to ‘integration’ have been supplanted, briefly glossed by a rhetoric of ‘social inclusion’, by reversion to increasingly oppressive assimilationist and socially controlling forms of integrationism. This article presents some preliminary findings from fieldwork in Greater Manchester over 2012, showing how mainly British-born Muslims of immigrant background have experienced these processes.
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Jordan, Kirrily, Branka Krivokapic-Skoko, and Jock Collins. "Ethnic Minorities and the Built Environment in Rural and Regional Australia: Sites of Segregation or Inter-Cultural Exchange?" International Journal of Diversity in Organizations, Communities, and Nations: Annual Review 6, no. 6 (2007): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9532/cgp/v06i06/39303.
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Evans, Raymond. "On the Utmost Verge: Race and Ethnic Relations at Moreton Bay, 1799–1842." Queensland Review 15, no. 1 (January 2008): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1321816600004542.
Abstract:
The native races know us chiefly by our crimes.— Karl Marx‘Moreton Bay’ was certainly a name to be conjured with among the early Australian penal stations. As well as being a forbidding secondary detention centre, it represented — both within and around itself — a microcosmic world of early colonial race and ethnic relations. For this custodial system was rudely imposed upon pre-existing and long-enduring social orders of a dramatically dissimilar kind. It intruded into human populations that greatly outnumbered its own, implanted itself and militarily usurped portions of territory in a variety of locations, occupied by and spiritually amalgamated with a substantial body of Aboriginal communities. To these people, for whom life was ‘a billowing of the consciousness of country’, it was a visitation utterly without precedent. The repercussions of its ongoing presence were largely uninvited and unrehearsed. The station's existence was at first a wonder and a puzzle, then an impediment and a curse. It greatly transformed immutable lifeways, invariably impoverishing them; it reduced social options rather than expanding them; it denuded the host culture of its efficacy; and it assailed the people's health and decimated their numbers. The familiar environment was reconstructed and the old place-names largely obliterated and changed. For the incomer, to name was to own. The many visible signs of Aboriginal material occupancy were ignored as palpable evidence of legal possession and, eventually, erased. Erased too was much of the evidence of these very acts of erasure, whether material, cultural or human. Detailed evidence of what happened — or was perceived to have happened — in the myriad interactions between Aborigines and non-Aborigines of the convict settlement between 1824 and 1842 is scanty and fragmented: staccato bursts of often-tantalising information against an otherwise frustrating backdrop of silence. Distance from Sydney as well as London was the essential buffer that nurtured this atmosphere of secrecy, feeding its potency and allowing the Moreton Bay regime to proceed virtually as a law unto itself insofar as northern frontier relations were concerned.
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Ganguly-Scrase, Ruchira, and Roberta Julian. "The Gendering of Identity: Minority Women in Comparative Perspective." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 6, no. 3-4 (September 1997): 415–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689700600308.
Abstract:
This paper explores the centrality of gender in the construction of minority identities. We adopt a comparative perspective to analyze its significance in the contexts of internal and international migration within the Asia-Pacific region, the former being within contiguous parts of West Bengal, India by the Rabi Das and the latter from the mountains of Laos to Tasmania, Australia by Hmong refugees. In both cases, gender relations are fundamental to the process of identity construction. Nevertheless, the histories of minority status and the strategies adopted by men and women as they construct, re-construct and resist identities vary in the two diverse contexts. We focus on exploring the role of women's resistance and pro-active involvement in the restructuring of identity. Through an analysis of the intersection of ethnicity, gender and class in the construction of minority identities we highlight the need to firstly, avoid essentialist ways of defining gender and ethnic identity, and secondly to examine structural constraints and agency among minority women.
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White, Lesley, and Christiane Klinner. "Medicine use of elderly Chinese and Vietnamese immigrants and attitudes to home medicines review." Australian Journal of Primary Health 18, no. 1 (2012): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py10099.
Abstract:
There is a paucity of research into the perceptions of elderly Australian ethnic minorities towards public health services related to quality use of medicines. Among the six fastest growing ethnic groups in Australia, the Mandarin-speaking Chinese and Vietnamese constitute the largest elderly populations with poor English skills. This paper investigates the relationships of elderly Chinese and Vietnamese migrants with medicines, general practitioners and pharmacists, and how these relationships influence their awareness and attitudes of the home medicines review (HMR) program. Two semi-structured focus groups were held with a total of 17 HMR-eligible patients who have never received a HMR, one with Chinese and one with Vietnamese respondents, each in the respective community language. Confusion about medications and an intention to have a HMR were pronounced among all participants although none of them had heard of the program before participating in the focus groups. Respondents reported difficulties locating a pharmacist who spoke their native language, which contributed to an increased unmet need for medicine information. The Chinese group additionally complained about a lack of support from their general practitioners in relation to their medicine concerns and was adamant that they would prefer to have a HMR without the involvement of their general practitioner. Our results indicate a distinct HMR need but not use among elderly Chinese and Vietnamese eligible patients with poor English skills. Home medicines review service use and perceived medication problems are likely to improve with an increasing availability of bilingual and culturally sensitive health care providers.
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Peck, J. A. "‘Invisible Threads’: Homeworking, Labour-Market Relations, and Industrial Restructuring in the Australian Clothing Trade." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 10, no. 6 (December 1992): 671–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d100671.
Abstract:
By way of an examination of the contemporary reemergence of homeworking in the Australian clothing industry, some of the links between industrial and labour-market restructuring are explored. The growth of homeworking reflects not only the pressures placed on clothing firms to reduce costs and enhance production flexibility (increasingly, the ‘conventional wisdom’ explanations), but also represents an attempt on the part of these firms to reconstruct their urban labour-market relations. It is argued that labour-market considerations warrant attention alongside those considerations pertaining to the labour process which are usually prioritised in the literature on industrial restructuring. The case of homeworking reveals some of the ways in which labour-market processes (such as the gendered nature of labour supplies, the ethnic segmentation of the labour force, and the contours of interindustry competition for labour) exert a powerful influence upon the nature of industrial change. Moreover, questions about the development, by firms and by industries, of characteristic urban labour-market relations are also raised.
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Mayes, Robyn. "‘We’re Sending you Back’: Temporary Skilled Labour Migration, Social Networks and Local Community." Migration, Mobility, & Displacement 3, no. 1 (August 24, 2017): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/mmd31201717074.
Abstract:
This paper contributes to the emergent literature on the temporal and dynamic constitution of temporary skilled migrant networks, foregrounding under-researched interrelations between migrant and non-migrant networks. It does so through examination of the lived experience of transnational, temporary skilled labour migrants resident in Ravensthorpe in rural Western Australia (WA) who were confronted with the sudden closure of the mining operation where they were employed. As a result they faced imminent forced departure from Australia. Drawing on qualitative data collected in Ravensthorpe three weeks after the closure, this paper foregrounds the role of this shared, profoundly socially-disruptive event in the formation of a temporary, multi-ethnic migrant network and related interactions with a local network. Analysis of these social relations foregrounds the role of catalysing events and external prompts (beyond ethnicity and the migration act) in the formation of temporary migrant networks, along with the importance of local contexts, policy conditions and employer action. The social networks formed in Hopetoun, and associated mobilisation of social capital, confirm the potential and richness of non-migrant networks for shaping the migrant experience, and foreground the ways in which these interrelations in turn can shape the local experience of migration, just as it highlights the capacity of community groups to act as social and political allies for temporary migrants.that would require migrants to depart after a set number of years and instead recommend a pathway to permanent residence based on duration of stay.
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Rai, Sumeet, Rhonda Brown, Frank van Haren, Teresa Neeman, Arvind Rajamani, Krishnaswamy Sundararajan, and Imogen Mitchell. "Long-term follow-up for Psychological stRess in Intensive CarE (PRICE) survivors: study protocol for a multicentre, prospective observational cohort study in Australian intensive care units." BMJ Open 9, no. 1 (January 2019): e023310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023310.
Abstract:
IntroductionThere are little published data on the long-term psychological outcomes in intensive care unit (ICU) survivors and their family members in Australian ICUs. In addition, there is scant literature evaluating the effects of psychological morbidity in intensive care survivors on their family members. The aims of this study are to describe and compare the long-term psychological outcomes of intubated and non-intubated ICU survivors and their family members in an Australian ICU setting.Methods and analysisThis will be a prospective observational cohort study across four ICUs in Australia. The study aims to recruit 150 (75 intubated and 75 non-intubated) adult ICU survivors and 150 family members of the survivors from 2015 to 2018. Long-term psychological outcomes and effects on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) will be evaluated at 3 and 12 months follow-up using validated and published screening tools. The primary objective is to compare the prevalence of affective symptoms in intubated and non-intubated survivors of intensive care and their families and its effects on HRQoL. The secondary objective is to explore dyadic relations of psychological outcomes in patients and their family members.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the relevant human research ethics committees (HREC) of Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Health (ETH.11.14.315), New South Wales (HREC/16/HNE/64), South Australia (HREC/15/RAH/346). The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed medical journal and presented to the local intensive care community and other stakeholders.Trial registration numberACTRN12615000880549; Pre-results.
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McAllister1, Patrick. "National Celebration or Local Act of Reconciliation? Public Ritual Performance and Inter-Ethnic Relations in an Australian City." Anthropological Forum 19, no. 2 (June 3, 2009): 163–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00664670902980405.
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Taggart, W. M., Enzo Valenzi, Lori Zalka, and Kevin B. Lowe. "Rational and Intuitive Styles: Commensurability across Respondents' Characteristics." Psychological Reports 80, no. 1 (February 1997): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.80.1.23.
Abstract:
This study was designed to examine differences in responses to the six rational/intuitive scales of the Personal Style Inventory in relation to gender, age, ethnic group, birth country, occupation, and industry. Data were collected from 495 participants in training programs in Australia, England, New Zealand, and the United States. Multivariate analysis of variance indicated no differences among groups on the six scales which then are not sensitive to the characteristics so separate norming scores are not indicated. Lack of differences between sexes contrasts with the finding that women score more intuitive than men on other style assessment tools. Findings are not, however, consistent. And, since characteristics other than gender may show similar disparate results, further study of rational-intuitive commensurability is needed.
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Birdthistle, Naomi, Antoinette Flynn, and Susan Rushworth. "From Syria to the Land Down Under – the Land of Opportunity?" International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 26, no. 1 (December 9, 2019): 116–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-02601002.
Abstract:
Ethnic entrepreneurship has emerged as an economic, societal, and political panacea to the growing number of refugees on the move across the globe. Employing the 2014 World Economic Forum framework, this article seeks to explore the Australian entrepreneurship ecosystem, to determine whether it is enabling migrants and/or refugees to become entrepreneurs with a focus on Syrian refugees. At its core, the Australian entrepreneurship ecosystem is comparatively strong in terms of human capital, accessible markets, and finance. Even within the three ‘core’ characteristics of the ecosystem, the Australian ecosystem falls short when examined through the lens of refugee entrepreneurs. Recommendations under the 2014 World Economic Forum framework are made that will assist key stakeholders in developing an entrepreneurial ecosystem.
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Rudnicki, Zbigniew B. "KULTURA I ROZWÓJ JAKO PODSTAWOWE KATEGORIE ODNIESIENIA W TWORZĄCYM SIĘ PRAWIE LUDÓW TUBYLCZYCH." Zeszyty Prawnicze 12, no. 4 (December 15, 2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zp.2012.12.4.01.
Abstract:
CULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT AS THE BASIC CATEGORIESOF REFERENCE IN THE EMERGING LAW OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES Summary In contemporary international relations indigenous peoples constitute particular ethnic communities waiting for a long time for the regulation of their status as subjects of international law. Paradoxically, decolonisation, which helped many colonial societies gain national rights, has not only left the issue of indigenous peoples in countries formerly colonised by the White Man unresolved but has also complicated their status. In practice former colonies such as the United States, Canada, Australia or New Zealand have not regulated the legal status of indigenous peoples, relegating them politically and economically to the margins of society. The rights of indigenous peoples as minority groups living in the former Soviet Union, who are not at all colonial peoples officially, have not been defined either. The category of indigenous peoples now extends to many ethnic groups living in nation-states, who are culturally and linguistically distinct with respect to the dominant segments of the national society. However, assigning the attributes of indigenous peoples to them in the strict sense of the term is questionable and is not dealt with in this article. This article traces the process which leads to indigenous peoples acquiring the status of a fully-fledged subject of international law. It describes attempts that have been made to interpret the rights of indigenous peoples on the grounds of the universal instruments of international law. The principal documents are the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples (1960), the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (1966), the United Nations International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966), and finally the Declaration on Principles of International Law Concerning Friendly Relations and Cooperation Among States in Accordance with the Charter of the United Nations (1992). Despite the progress made in granting indigenous peoples their rights with the adoption of the UN Declaration on Indigenous Rights (2007), it is still difficult to talk of full success, i.e. the recognition of the international identity and rights of indigenous peoples on a par with other sovereign nations.
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Alonso, Roxana. "Responding to Policies that Involve Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Students and Content: An International Pre-Service Teacher's Experience." Australian Journal of Teacher Education 45, no. 10 (October 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2020v45n10.1.
Abstract:
Using auto-ethnography, I write my story as Mexican international student in the role of pre-service teacher in Australia. I focus on exploring my socio-political status and its relationship to assuming a position to respond to education policies about working with students from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander backgrounds, and teaching Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander content. I argue that assuming a position to respond to these policies as international pre-service teacher is overlapped with a multi-layered process in which epistemological deliberation occur as a consequence of being in a state of constant position shifting. Anzaldúa’s Coyolxauqui imperative and Martin’s Relatedness theory are used to analyse the structural conditions that framed the epistemological challenges that I encountered. I suggest a process to support international pre-service teachers who are ethnic minorities to assume a position in relation to these policies. Recommendations for potential further research are outlined.
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Jing Yang, Xiao, Betty Haralambous, Jocelyn Angus, and Keith Hill. "Older Chinese Australians? Understanding of Falls and Falls Prevention: Exploring Their Needs for Information." Australian Journal of Primary Health 14, no. 1 (2008): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py08005.
Abstract:
Falls-related injuries are common and costly in Australia. They have a considerable impact on an older person?s health and quality of life, yet very little is known about falls-related issues in people from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. This research aimed to explore the needs of older Chinese Australians in relation to falls prevention and to help the future design of culturally-appropriate falls prevention programs among this ethnic group. Two focus group discussions were conducted in Cantonese with 15 Chinese older people in Melbourne. Findings highlighted that this group of Chinese older people had a need for further education on falls risk factors and prevention strategies, preferably in their first language. Allied health services were viewed as being unfamiliar to participants. Findings indicated that falls prevention programs need to take into account Chinese older people?s special language needs and service delivery preference.
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Tynan, Lauren. "Thesis as kin: living relationality with research." AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples 16, no. 3 (August 12, 2020): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1177180120948270.
Abstract:
As a trawlwulwuy woman of tebrakunna country, Australia, I invite scholars to embrace research and writing as kin, extending an ethic of relational accountability to all relations, including the thesis. “Thesis as kin” derives from an Aboriginal ontological translation of the English (originally Latin) word “thesis,” broken into two parts, “the” “sis”, revealing the short form for sister “sis” as the primary entity. “Thesis as kin” can similarly be translated as “thesis askin,” an agentic provocation that situates knowledge production with the thesis itself and suggests the thesis is askin’ (asking) questions. Not limited to doctoral studies, imagining thesis as kin respectfully and humbly responds to scholars’ calls that Indigenous research paradigms centre relationality. This article advocates for a research practice beyond consumerist reproduction, towards a process of kinship. It is an attempt to caretake all our relations by living the processes of relationality with research.
46
Chen, Yang, Jie Li, Tianyu Li, and Zengnan Mo. "HOGG1 C1245G Gene Polymorphism Associated with Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis." International Journal of Biological Markers 30, no. 2 (April 2015): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/jbm.5000144.
Abstract:
Background Prostate cancer (Pca) is one of the most frequently encountered multifactorial malignant diseases worldwide. The human oxoguanine glycosylase 1 ( hOGG1) C1245G polymorphism (rs1052133) has been found to be associated with Pca. However, the conclusions have been controversial. Methods Based on the PubMed, Embase, HuGENet and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases, this meta-analysis was conducted with 4 models. Eleven qualified studies were included. Results Although no positive relation was discovered in the pooled analysis, significant associations between rs1052133 and Pca were found in the Asian population (recessive: odds ratio [OR] = 1.580, 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.189-2.098; GG vs. GC: OR = 1.504, 95% CI, 1.114-2.030; GG vs. CC: OR = 1.677, 95% CI, 1.201-2.342; allele analysis: OR = 1.249, 95% CI, 1.077-1.449), whites (dominant: OR = 2.138, 95% CI, 1.483-3.083; recessive: OR = 3.143, 95% CI, 1.171-8.437; GG vs. CC: OR = 3.992, 95% CI, 1.891-8.431; allele analysis: OR = 1.947, 95% CI, 1.467-2.586) and mixed populations (recessive: OR = 0.636, 95% CI, 0.484-0.834; GG vs. GC: OR = 0.654, 95% CI, 0.492-0.871; GG vs. CC: OR = 0.624, 95% CI, 0.473-0.823; allele analysis: OR = 0.857, 95% CI, 0.771-0.954). After excluding studies deviating from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, a significant association was also found in the same ethnic groups. In addition, a new positive relation was identified in the “other country” subgroup (with China, South Korea and Australia included) (dominant: OR = 1.622, 95% CI, 1.163-2.261; recessive: OR = 1.773, 95% CI, 1.308-2.404; GG vs. GC: OR = 1.614, 95% CI, 1.169-2.230; GG vs. CC: OR = 2.108, 95% CI, 1.456-3.051; allele analysis: OR = 1.494, 95% CI, 1.235-1.808) and among the Chinese-Korean population. Conclusions In conclusion, we suggest that the hOGG1 C1245G polymorphism might be potentially associated with Pca risk in different ethnicities and countries, especially among Asians. Further studies are needed to confirm these relations.
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Nairn, Raymond, Ruth DeSouza, Angela Moewaka Barnes, Jenny Rankine, Belinda Borell, and Tim McCreanor. "Nursing in media-saturated societies: implications for cultural safety in nursing practice in Aotearoa New Zealand." Journal of Research in Nursing 19, no. 6 (September 2014): 477–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744987114546724.
Abstract:
This educational piece seeks to apprise nurses and other health professionals of mass media news practices that distort social and health policy development. It focuses on two media discourses evident in White settler societies, primarily Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States, drawing out implications of these media practices for those committed to social justice and health equity. The first discourse masks the dominant culture, ensuring it is not readily recognised as a culture, naturalising the dominant values, practices and institutions, and rendering their cultural foundations invisible. The second discourse represents indigenous peoples and minority ethnic groups as ‘raced’ – portrayed in ways that marginalise their culture and disparage them as peoples. Grounded in media research from different societies, the paper focuses on the implications for New Zealand nurses and their ability to practise in a culturally safe manner as an exemplary case. It is imperative that these findings are elaborated for New Zealand and that nurses and other health professionals extend the work in relation to practice in their own society.
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Cowen, Zelman. "Judicial Ethics in Australia. By MrJustice Thomas. [Sydney: The Law Book Co.. 1988. xxxii + 126 pp. Aus$25]." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 38, no. 2 (April 1989): 458–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclqaj/38.2.458.
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BURKE, PETER. "Introduction." European Review 14, no. 1 (January 3, 2006): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798706000081.
Abstract:
A preoccupation with hybridity is natural in a period like ours marked by increasingly frequent and intense cultural encounters. Globalization encourages hybridization. However we react to it, the globalizing trend is impossible to miss, from curry and chips – recently voted the favourite dish in Britain – to Thai saunas, Zen Judaism, Nigerian Kung Fu or ‘Bollywood’ films. The process is particularly obvious in the domain of music, in the case of such hybrid forms and genres as jazz, reggae, salsa or, more recently, Afro-Celtic rock. New technology (including, appropriately enough, the ‘mixer’), has obviously facilitated this kind of hybridization.It is no wonder then that a group of theorists of hybridity have made their appearance, themselves often of double or mixed cultural identity. Homi Bhabha for instance, is an Indian who has taught in England and is now in the USA. Stuart Hall, who was born in Jamaica of mixed parentage, has lived most of his life in England and describes himself as ‘a mongrel culturally, the absolute cultural hybrid’. Ien Ang describes herself as ‘an ethnic Chinese, Indonesian-born and European-educated academic who now lives and works in Australia’. The late Edward Said was a Palestinian who grew up in Egypt, taught in the USA and described himself as ‘out of place’ wherever he was located.The work of these and other theorists has attracted growing interest in a number of disciplines, from anthropology to literature, from geography to art history, and from musicology to religious studies. In this issue, the contributions discuss Africa, Japan and the Americas as well as Europe and range from the 16th century to the 21st, from religion to architecture and from clothing to the cinema.
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Singh, Priti. "Global configurations of indigenous identities, movements and pathways." Thesis Eleven 145, no. 1 (March 20, 2018): 10–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0725513618763837.
Abstract:
The social science literature on identity politics around questions of race and ethnicity is profuse, prolix and contentious. Indigenous identity politics have seen a parallel growth and are equally complex. While there are analogies and overlaps, indigenous identities and social movements are neither conceptually nor empirically a sub-set of ethnic identities. The central issue of indigenous groups is the place of first peoples in relation to the nation-state system. This takes different forms in old world states of Asia and Africa to those of new world settler (ex-colonial) states of the Americas and Australasia. While the major issues of the indigenous peoples have expanded beyond their national boundaries, their modes of participation in the national political arenas vary. They share a gradual nationalization of indigenous movements, including stronger links with socio-political forces of the respective countries in the region, a heightened consciousness of global processes and the broadening and enrichment of their socio-cultural and economic objectives. This paper looks at trans-national dimensions of indigenous social movements and identity politics in relation to nation-state policy regimes and examines the varying routes taken by indigenous peoples to achieve their goals.