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1
McMillan, Kathleen Margaret. "The minority ethnic group experience in Scottish higher education." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2006. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5893/.
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This study explores the contexts and learning experiences of a group of minority ethnic group learners as higher education students in the University of Dundee. The research serves a scoping purpose, aiming to examine the influences, values, attitudes, behaviours and policies that affect the learning experiences of these bilingual minority ethnic group students in the monocultural and monolingual Scottish educational system. An initial exploration of these factors lays the foundation for the further aim of appraising the ways in which ethnicity, cultural values and bilingualism contribute to the learning profile of such students. Quantitative data were obtained from public domain statistical records, and qualitative data from a pilot postal questionnaire, focus group meetings and single or paired interviews. Research literature underpinning and informing the study draws from various fields including anthropology, bilingual education, demography, cognitive psychology, education, language acquisition, linguistics and sociology. The voices of the students combine to provide a powerful commentary of their experiences and this gives rise to the emergence of several themes in this research. A key theme, the importance of identity, is one that is woven through this work. Changing emphases can be observed in the developing Ethnic, Academic and Global modes of Self as these mutate in response to tensions that arise for the students as they straddle the dichotomy of heritage and educational cultures. The difference that distinguishes resident bilinguals from dominant ethnic group students can be seen in their differing language profiles. Problematic aspects of learning at university can apply to all learners, but such difficulties seem to be accentuated in the case of resident bilinguals. The acquisition of academic literacies is one such problematic area and, while both resident bilingual and dominant ethnic group students can be challenged in these areas, this can be in subtly different ways.
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Martin, Nicole. "Discrimination and ethnic group identity as explanations of British ethnic minority political behaviour." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:22c28eef-4f30-4174-89f9-392b4ab7bc1d.
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This thesis looks at the role of discrimination and ethnic group identity as explanations of political behaviour of ethnic minorities in Britain. Chapter 2 examines vote choice and partisanship, arguing that a group utility heuristic explains the high level of support for the Labour party among ethnic minorities. I provide individual-level evidence of this heuristic by showing that ethnic minority voters support the Labour party to the extent that they are (i) conscious of the experiences of their ethnic group members with regards to discrimination, and (ii) believe that the Labour party is the best political party to represent their interests. These two attitudes mediate the effects of group-level inequalities. Chapter 3 asks whether Muslims are alienated from mainstream politics by Islamophobia and British military intervention in Muslim countries. I find that perceptions of Islamophobia are linked with greater political alienation, to a greater likelihood of non-electoral participation, but also to a lesser likelihood of voting. Likewise, disapproval of the war in Afghanistan is associated with greater political alienation and a greater likelihood of some types of non-electoral participation. I also provide strong evidence that Muslims in Britain experience more religious discrimination than adherents of other minority religions. Chapter 4 considers the interaction between the extreme right and ethnic minority political attitudes and behaviour. I find evidence that the extreme right British National Party (BNP) increases voting for the Labour party, at the expense of minor parties and abstention. Surprisingly, the BNP effect also benefits the other main parties. Although they do not benefit in increased vote share, Liberal Democrat and Conservative party and leader evaluations are more positive where the BNP stood and performed better in 2010, which I suggest is due to the electoral contrast provided by the BNP. Chapter 5 looks at the mobilisation effect of ethnic minority candidates on ethnic minority voters. I find a positive mobilisation effect of Pakistani and Muslim Labour candidates on Pakistani and Muslim voters, conditional on someone trying to convince the respondent how to vote. I also find a demobilisation effect of Labour Muslim candidates on Sikh voters.
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Preddie, B. "Retirement provision among the Black and Minority Ethnic group in the UK." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2014. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/96821/retirement-provision-among-the-black-and-minority-ethnic-group-in-the-uk.
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Retirement provision is an important aspect of financial decision making that can influence the financial quality of life experienced by individuals in old age, regardless of their ethnic group. However, individuals belonging to the Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) group are more financially vulnerable in retirement than other groups, such as the White British. Previous research indicates that labour market disadvantages, low socio-economic status, and the inadequate access to financial resources are contributing factors that limit their ability to save effectively for retirement. This thesis investigates these issues further by examining the economic position of the BME group and the socio-cultural factors that positively influence or inhibit their retirement provision. This investigation is essential as many of the first generation of BME migrants, some of whom have provided migrant labour to the British economy since the Second World War, are entering the retirement stage, and are at a risk of financial difficulty due to low pension income. Although there are variations in the migration pattern and age structure of the BME group, individuals within this group are less likely to have occupational and private pension coverage. The term ‘BME group’ is used throughout this thesis to refer to individuals from African, Caribbean, Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi backgrounds, since they represent the largest numbers of BME individuals in the UK. With increased individual responsibility for pension provision, this thesis explores the retirement phenomena of the BME group in three interrelated empirical chapters. The first empirical chapter uses secondary data to examine the labour market characteristics and income of the BME group at the aggregate level. With the access to retirement resources being significantly dependent on income and labour market position, these characteristics of the BME group are explored in relation to those of the White British group. The findings in this chapter substantiates much of the existing debate regarding the homogeneity of BME individuals based on their low level of income, under-representation in full-time employment and low levels of occupation. As a result, the ability of some BME individuals to save in the new workplace pension scheme may be compromised. The second empirical chapter uses secondary data to investigate further the socio-economic characteristics of the BME group at the dis-aggregated level. With limited research highlighting the relative importance of heterogeneity among BME sub-samples, the findings in the second chapter raises important implications in terms of the ability of some BME sub-samples to make provisions for their retirement given the significant levels of heterogeneity that exists in the socio-economic characteristics of the BME group. This indicates that stratified approaches to retirement provision may exist due to the possession of different levels of economic, social and cultural capital. The third empirical chapter utilises primary data to explore the retirement strategies of the five BME sub-samples at the dis-aggregated level. It provides an alternative perspective on the issues faced by the BME group and aids in further explanation of the findings in the two previous empirical chapters. The findings in the third chapter present new evidence in the form of various interrelated factors that inhibit the ability of BME individuals to make provisions for retirement. The findings presented throughout the thesis have generated a better understanding of the ways in which social structures and various forms of social, economic and cultural capital contribute to social stratification within the BME group, thus influencing their disposition towards certain retirement provision. The findings indicate that while some BME individuals have adequate retirement provisions, there are others who face financial difficulty in old age. By highlighting the socially constructed nature of ‘retirement provision’ and the economic, social and cultural factors inhibiting effective retirement provisions, from the perspective of the BME people, this thesis contributes to the ongoing debate regarding the characteristics and circumstances of BME individuals in the UK. Based on the findings presented, policy implementations may be developed to promote social inclusion, social equity and better retirement saving among this group.
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Eyongherok, Arrey Irenee. "Mental Health Disparities Among Minority Populations." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7639.
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Despite the existence of effective treatments, mental health care disparities exist in the availability, accessibility, and quality of services for racial and ethnic minority groups. People living with serious mental complaints often resist engaging in treatments and experience high rates of dropout; poor engagement can lead to worse clinical outcomes. Addressing the complex mental health care needs of racial and ethnic minorities warrants considering evidence-based strategies to help reduce disparities. This systematic review sought to provide an analysis of published literature about the barriers and effective strategies in identifying and treating minority patients with mental health disorders. The practice-focused question of this systematic review was: What are the barriers and effective strategies to identification and treatment of mental health disorders among minority populations. This project was guided by PRISMA and SQUIRE guidelines and Fineout-Overholt and Melnyk’s appraisal form, comprising 11 studies published between 2014 and 2019, identified through Thoreau, Cochrane, CINAHL with Medline, EBSCO, and ProQuest, SAMHSA and PubMed databases. The systematic review results recommend intervention strategies such as integrated/collaborative care, workforce diversity, providers in minority neighborhoods, improving providers’ cultural skills, and stigma reduction to help reduce mental health care disparities. These findings are significant to lowering the gap in practice and can be used by the entire health care system to improve mental health care, thereby leading to a positive social change. Implementing these strategies would benefit patients, families, their communities, and the entire health care delivery system.
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Shah, Snehal. "The experience of being a trainee clinical psychologist from a black and minority ethnic group : a qualitative study." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/5088.
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Aim: The existing evidence-base indicates that the experience of being a Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) trainee clinical psychologist is under-researched. The aim of the current study was to capture the broader training experiences of BME trainee clinical psychologists. The impact of potential personal and professional experiences that may arise for BME trainee clinical psychologists may be important for course tutors and clinical supervisors to explore with them in relation to personal and professional development. Thus, it is hoped that the findings of the current study will raise an increased awareness within the clinical psychology training courses, of their needs, perspectives and experiences. Method: A qualitative approach was adopted for this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine BME trainee clinical psychologists. The accounts were analysed using IPA, which attempts to illuminate the lived experience of a phenomenon for small samples of individuals. Results: The analytic procedure highlighted five main themes which emerged from participants’ accounts: The hardship of not being White, The challenge of negotiating multiple identities, Challenges and dilemmas of highlighting race and culture issues, The versatility that comes with being a BME trainee and Finding connections and safe places. Implications: Current initiatives to attract more applicants from BME groups need to be considered in the context of wider structural experiences of power and difference in relation to race, ethnicity and culture that operate in the training arena. Courses need to explicitly state their commitment to supporting trainees from BME groups with regards to their experiences of difference. Emphasis should be placed on personal and professional development of all trainees and needs to include work on privilege, social disadvantage, and racism. Programmes should also undertake a commitment to training course staff and supervisors in relation to race issues in the context of training.
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Hassell, Karen. "A historical and comparative account of ethnic minority group participation in the pharmacy profession in the United Kingdom." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1997. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.673821.
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Low, Rachel Wai Leng, and n/a. "The cultural identity of Chinese Australian adolescents in Canberra." University of Canberra. School of Professional & Community Education, 1999. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060818.161530.
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This research focuses on the cultural identity of Chinese Australian adolescents in Canberra
between the ages of 18 and 21.
Adolescence is a developmental stage in which young people feel a need to define their
cultural identity. According to social identity theory, being a member of the group provides
individuals with a sense of belonging that contributes to a positive self-concept. In
particular, young people belonging to ethnic minority groups need a firm sense of group
identification in order to maintain a sense of wellbeing (Tajfel & Turner, 1979).
The purpose and significance of this study is to update our understanding of how
adolescents from a specific ethnic minority group (Chinese Australian) adjust to the
mainstream Australian culture. The information gathered will be significant to the
wellbeing of these individuals in helping them to come to terms with their own identity. It
will also provide useful information for effective cross-cultural interaction for a range of
services such as education, law, health and social services.
The quantitative and qualitative approaches employed in this study include a questionnaire
and a semi-structured interview. The semi-structured interview complements the
questionnaire in confirming the adjustments of these adolescents within an analytical
framework that is a replica of Phinney's framework (1994). In her research on bicultural
identity orientations of African American and Mexican American adolescents, Phinney
categorised these adolescents under four distinct types of interaction with the mainstream
culture. These are namely: separation (focus only on the ethnic culture), assimilation
(identifying solely with the dominant culture), integration (relating well to both cultures)
and marginality (relating to neither culture). In this dissertation the researcher also aims to
determine the cultural identity of Chinese Australian adolescents in Canberra in the study
using these four categories.
The results of this study demonstrate that this framework is an appropriate analytical tool
for the study of the cultural identity of Chinese Australian adolescents, most of whom
classified themselves as integrated. Overall, Chinese Australian adolescents between the
ages of 18 and 21 in the Canberra region were well adjusted and showed little tension or
stress in relating to their ethnic culture or to the mainstream Australian culture.
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McFadden, Alison. "How can breastfeeding support services best meet the needs of women of Bangladeshi origin living in the UK?" Thesis, University of York, 2010. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516587.
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This thesis addresses the question ‘how can breastfeeding support services best meet the needs of women of Bangladeshi origin living in the UK?’ Breastfeeding is important for health, potentially contributing to reducing health inequalities. National surveys show that women of Bangladeshi origin have high initiation rates but low rates of continuation and exclusive breastfeeding. An initial literature review revealed that existing research relating to breastfeeding and the Bangladeshi community was descriptive and essentialist representing ethnic groups as homogenous and failing to recognise the influence of structural factors. Quantitative analysis of 357 Bangladeshi women in the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) provided a more detailed national context for the qualitative research.A cumulative qualitative design underpinned by reflexivity was used comprising focus groups and interviews with grandmothers, fathers, mothers and health practitioners. Sampling was purposive for the family and practitioner phases and theoretically-informed for the mothers’ interviews. Analysis used ethnographic and narrative approaches to make sense of individual experiences within social context.The main finding was that the breastfeeding support needs of women of Bangladeshi origin were generally similar to the majority population. However to improve breastfeeding support practitioners need to understand where cultural context makes a difference. Practitioners misrecognised diversity of the Bangladeshi population in the UK including how ethno-religious identities as a minority group within a hostile majority were constituted and impacted on women’s lives. The family context of breastfeeding, including living arrangements, household responsibilities and family relationships mediated women’s access to time and space for breastfeeding. While practitioners recognised these pressures on women, they were used to affirm stereotypes of women as passive. This combined with lack of confidence and organisational constraints led to practitioners feeling powerless to support breastfeeding. Alongside implementing good practice for breastfeeding and culturally competent care, health services could engage with families, provide bilingual advocacy workers and involve women in designing accessible breastfeeding support services.
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Kunovich, Robert M. "Group-threat and attitudes toward immigrants : a comparative, multi-level examination of the sources of prejudice /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1382029068.
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Matthews, Yanique T. "Program satisfaction, school climate perceptions, and psychoeducational experiences in college preparatory programs : a comparison of Caucasian and ethnic minority students." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003247.
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Wu, Yue. "Model minority stereotypes of Asian American women in American media : perceptions and influences among women of diverse racial-ethnic backgrounds." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4172.
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Wallin, Mathilda. "How do patients with a different ethnic background in Thailand experience nurses treatment? : A qualitative study of Karen’s experiences of treatment." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen för Vårdvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20477.
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This study was made in Northern Thailand among the Karen minority group during Feb-April 2011. The Karen people consist of two different kinds of Karen, the Paw and the Skaw. They live on the border between Burma and Thailand, but none of the countries want to take care of them. The aim of the study was to examine what experiences people in this minority group had from hospital care and to let them tell their stories with their own words. A qualitative method with an inductive approach and narrative interview methodology was used and the analysis followed the model described by Lundman and Hällgren Granheim (2008). Six interviews with participants from three different villages, three women and three men, in the age span 29 to 78 years participated. The interviewees had different experiences of the nurses treatment and the result is divided into two content areas, “experienced good treatment at the hospital” and “experienced bad treatment at the hospital”. In the study it is shown that the interviewees experiences, bad or good, to a large extent depended on how well they could communicate with the nurses and retrieve information about their situation. The author thinks it is important to see what role the nurse-patient relationship plays in the care process, and that good care includes taking time with the patient. To ensure such treatment for everyone it is important that every patient is listened to and treated with respect and dignity, independent of their ethnic background.Program: Sjuksköterskeutbildning
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Ilanogovan, Malarvele, and Susan E. Higgins. "Library provision to the Tamil community in Singapore." LIBRES: Library and Information Science Electronic Journal, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/197109.
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This study explored public library provision to the Tamil Community in Singapore using a focus group methodology. Results of the study were analysed and implications for the library services for the Tamil community in Singapore outlined. Improvement is needed in collections, facilities, programming and services, particularly in the area of provision to young people. Among other suggestions, the participants proposed an Internet portal in Tamil. Many indicated that the library could help in promoting the usage of Tamil language in Singapore through facilitating the reading and use of the Tamil language. Participants perceived this as vital to preserve the Tamil culture in Singapore and ensure its survival as part of the country’s unique cultural heritage in the future. The Tamil language among the other Indian languages has been given official status in Singapore, and this recognition of Tamil as a national language has given the Tamils intrinsic satisfaction. The language provides them with a living link to their ethnic culture. They believe the library can help them regain their cultural identities and also assist them in repositioning themselves well in Singaporean society. The contribution of this study to the professional literature is the idea of cultural identity being central in public library services to special user groups.
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Seay, Nancy Parker. "Urban African American Adolescents’ Transitions to Schools in White Suburbia: A Phenomenological Study." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1431422959.
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Ahluwalia, Ekta. "Parental Cultural Mistrust, Background Variables, and Attitudes Toward Seeking Mental Health Services for Their Children." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330704/.
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Attitudes toward mental illness and the willingness to seek psychological treatment for their children among ethnic minority group parents were investigated. Participants consisted of black, Hispanic, Native American and Asian parents. All parents were given the Terrell and Terrell Cultural Mistrust Inventory, Cohen and Struening Opinions About Mental Illness Scale, Reid-Gundlach Social Services Satisfaction Scale, Fischer-Turner Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Help Scale, and Ahluwalia Parents' Psychological Help-Seeking Inventory. A multiple regression model was used to explore the purpose of this study. Parental mistrust level, ethnicity, education, income level, and opinions about mental illness served as predictor variables. The criterion variables consisted of scores on the Social Services Satisfaction Scale and Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale.
The results indicated that the most significant predictor of psychological help-seeking was parental cultural mistrust level. Parents with higher cultural mistrust levels were less likely to seek help. Education was also predictive of black and Native American parents' help-seeking attitude and willingness to seek psychological help for their children. Black and Native Americans with lower levels of education were less willing to seek treatment for their children than members of those ethnic groups with higher levels of education. Ethnicity was also related to parental willingness to seek help for their children. Hispanic and black parents expressed more willingness to seek help than Native American and Asian parents. Finally, parents' opinions about mental illness were found to be significantly related to help-seeking attitude. Parents with positive opinions about mental illness were more likely to utilize professional psychological help than those parents with negative opinions about mental illness. Some clinical and theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Mallet, Marie-laure. "Analyse comparative des relations entre les communautés latinos de Miami, Los Angeles and Boston." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040077.
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Cette thèse traite de la cohésion des groupes latinos dans la société américaine. Elle analyse l’influence des relations intra-communautaires sur l’insertion des Latinos dans la société américaine et déconstruit la représentation des communautés latinos perçues comme monolithiques afin de déterminer dans quelle mesure ces relations conduisent à des assimilations différenciées. Elle montre notamment que l’insertion dans la société américaine découle des relations entre différentes communautés latinos et analyse l’influence du contexte de réception sur cette insertion socio-économique, sur les pratiques politiques et, de façon plus générale, le poids politique de ces groupes.Le choix de métropoles aussi diverses que Miami, Los Angeles et Boston souligne l’importance du contexte urbain sur la formation des relations entre ces différents groupes latinos, et son influence sur leur insertion dans la société américaine, mesurée par les stratégies adoptées par les groupes latinos et par leur participation politique. Cette analyse est cruciale pour comprendre la complexité des interactions entre groupes dont les relations représentent un enjeu de taille, car elles permettent d’anticiper l’avenir des relations ethniques aux Etats-Unis. Cette perspective ouvre ainsi sur un contexte sociologique plus large, permettant d’anticiper les problèmes politiques et économiques auxquels les Etats-Unis seront confrontés en matière d'intégration, d’immigration et de représentation dans les décennies à venirThis dissertation examines the cohesion of Latino groups in American society. It analyses the influence of intra-community relations on the integration of Latinos in American society and deconstructs the representation of Latino communities perceived as a monolithic group allowing to determine to what extent these relationships lead to different assimilation paths. In particular, it shows the differential impact of the relationships between different Latino communities on their integration into American society and investigates the influence of the context of reception on the socio-economic integration of different Latino groups, policies and practices, and, more generally, their political clout.The choice of cities as diverse as Miami, Los Angeles and Boston highlights the importance of the urban context on the formation of relationships between the different Latino groups, and its influence on their integration into American society, as measured by the group strategies that Latinos adopt and their political participation.This analysis is crucial to the understanding of the complex interactions between Latino groups whose relationships are a major challenge, as they allow to anticipate the future of ethnic relations in the United States. This perspective opens to a broader sociological context which may help better comprehend the political and economic issues that the United States will confront in topics such as integration, immigration and representation in the coming decades
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Virk, Baljinder. "Combating labour market disadvantage among ethnic minority groups." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/f2cd9737-4853-42e5-aa57-226deda225e0.
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Many people from ethnic minorities experience disadvantage in the labour market in comparison to the white population. In general, they have lower employmen rates, suffer higher levels of unemployment, longer periods of unemployment, occupational and industrial segregation and lower earnings. However, different groups experience different levels of disadvantage. Whilst African Asians and Chinese experience broad parity with the white population, Indians and Caribbeans experience some disadvantage and Pakistanis and Bangladeshis experience 'severe' disadvantage. This thesis reports upon research based on an in-depth case study in Bristol and evaluates the positive action training programme delivered by an ethnic minority training provider.
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Goings, Carolyn Smith. "Racial Integration in One Cumberland Presbyterian Congregation: Intentionality and Reflection in Small Group." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1479350273590395.
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Pusaksrikit, Theeranuch. "Self-Gift Behaviour of Ethnic Minority Groups in Britain." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508628.
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In recent years, some researchers have started examining the existence of crosscultural self-gifting, as well as its place in consumers' lives, according to an individual-centred versus a group-centred view of self. Nevertheless, inconsistent findings of prior research call for further studies clarifying the role of self-view in self-gift consumption. This study thus attempted to fill this gap by examining ethnic immigrant consumer groups' self-gifting behaviours in comparison to White host members in the UK. Furthermore, the increasing size and growing spending power of ethnic minority groups, varying acculturation processes, and different self-views together highlight a need for a better understanding of how the self-gift phenomenon might vary between Whites and South Asian immigrants in the UK. Thus, the primary objective of this research was to examine the differences and similarities in self-gift attitudes and behaviours between British Whites and South Asian immigrants (British Indians, British Pakistanis, and British Bangladeshis). This research is theoretically grounded in the literature from three domains - namely, ethnicity, attitudinal and behavioural dimensions of acculturation and self-construal - to investigate the ethnic groups' self-gift attitudes and behaviours and to explore the interaction effects among these three domains on self-gifting. Data collected utilising a survey method provided evidence to support the prominence of self-gifting amongst British consumers, including the three ethnic minority groups. The findings also indicated some similarities and differences in self-gifting of these ethnic groups in terms of their ethnicity, acculturation, and selfconstrual. Although the main findings suggested that British Whites and South Asian immigrants do not differ in most self-gift attitudes and behaviours, South Asian immigrants who attitudinally acculturate in both host and home cultures are more likely to engage in self-gifting than immigrants who only have high attitudinal acculturation in either the host or the home culture, or who have low attitudinal acculturation in both cultures. In addition, Strong behavioural acculturating immigrants are more likely to engage in self-gifting than Weak behavioural acculturating immigrants. The results from combined White and South Asian samples demonstrated that individuals who hold equally high independent and interdependent self-views are more likely to engage in self-gifting than individuals 11 who hold either high independent self-views or high interdependent self-views only, or who hold low self-views in both categories. However, the impacts of accultUration and self-construal on self-gift attitudes and behaviours may differ depending on ethnicity.
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Koshoedo, Sejlo A. "Physical activity among black and minority ethnic groups in Scotland." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2013. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=203416.
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Introduction: The higher risk of non-communicable diseases among Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) groups is associated in part with the low physical activity levels. This means that the increasing BME population in the UK could lead to an increase in the burden of diseases due to physical inactivity. This study aimed to explore the reasons for less participation in physical activity by BME groups living in Scotland. Methods This thesis comprises mixed methods: a systematic review of barriers to engaging in physical activity among BME groups in UK; and, a qualitative study including six focus groups to explore individuals from BME group's perceptions, attitudes, knowledge, barriers, motives, preferences and opportunities about physical activity. Participants in the qualitative study included men and women, aged 25 to 40, from African, Caribbean, Indian and Nepalese communities in Aberdeen. The focus groups were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using the Framework Analysis. Results: Fourteen primary studies conducted in the UK were included in the systematic review. The meta-ethnography identified barriers to physical activity among BME groups at individual, community and organisational levels. The focus group study included 49 BME individuals living in Scotland. The reasons for less participation in physical activity were attributed to a wide range of factors including: individual and collective perception of physical activity and health beliefs; barriers; motives; and preferences. The overall findings from the mixed methods provide completeness of data to contributing factors to low physical activity among BME groups. Both studies reinforced perception rather than actual experience of barriers to physical activity among BME groups. This indicates a theoretical construct to adapt in studying behaviour of BME individuals toward physical activity. The research also adds to the knowledge that many of factors were shaped by migration history and socio-cultural background from the country of origin. Conclusion: There is recognition of social, cultural and environmental influence on physical activity behaviour of BME groups. While the burden of physical inactivity is prominent among BME groups, there is need to consider appropriate strategies adapted to BME groups that would in turn lead to behavioural changes and successful interventions. Beyond the understanding of practical barriers to physical activity, interventions need to adapt conceptual understanding of physical activity of BME individuals at individual, community and organisational levels to address the barriers identified in this thesis.
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Bennett, Philip Christopher. "Peripheral arterial disease amongst minority ethnic groups in the United Kingdom." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4726/.
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Peripheral arterial disease (PAD), a common manifestation of atherosclerosis, is an important healthcare problem with considerable morbidity and mortality. Intermittent claudication (IC) is the commonest symptomatic manifestation of this disease. This thesis investigates the prevalence of PAD in South Asians (people originating from India, Pakistan and Bangladesh) and Blacks (Black African, Black Caribbean) and makes ethnic comparisons of its associations with traditional cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory and haemostatic biomarkers and markers of angiogenesis in these ethnic groups. This thesis also makes associations between common carotid intima media thickness, a marker of pre-clinical atherosclerosis, traditional cardiovascular risk factors and novel biomarkers. Furthermore this thesis validates translated versions of the Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaire into Punjabi and Urdu.
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Batonyi, Gabor. "The Hungarian Minority in Slovakia." Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3544.
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NoThe Ethnopolitical Encyclopaedia of Europe is the first work of its kind that systematically and rigorously examines the politics of ethnicity throughout the continent as a whole. Rather than indulge in a tour of Europe designed to unearth as many diverse population groups as possible, the Encyclopaedia is focused and serves as a unique data source on the continent's politically mobilised ethnic groups. In order to facilitate easy access, the various regions of Europe are assessed and then the nature of the politics of ethnicity is analysed on a country-by-country basis. The combination of incisive entries, maps, tables and easy-to-use country guides makes this an invaluable reference book for both academics and practitioners.
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Williams, Patricia E. "The perceptions of clinical psychology : a focus on the different ethnic groups." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10204/.
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Introduction: The under-representationo f minority ethnic staff groups within the clinical psychology profession has been a serious area of concern for some time. Central to these concerns has been the questionable ability of the profession to adequately address, provide for and meet the needs of an increasingly diverse multi-racial and multi-ethnic society, for whom the utilisation of clinical psychology services are extremely poor. Literature review: The literature review indicated that minority ethnic groups were generally marginalized and excluded from clinical psychology services on a number of different levels, due to a combination of referral conventions, professional misunderstandings of psychological distress, the limitations of conceptual frameworks and cultural factors. Research report: Given the profession's lack of success in attracting and recruiting staff from minority ethnic groups, this thesis was undertaken to: (a) explore the perceptions of clinical psychology held by different ethnic groups, using psychology undergraduates as the target population and (b) investigated their intention or otherwise to pursue a future career in clinical psychology, using the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) as a model. The results showed the TPB to be predictive of intention in all cases. However, for the minority ethnic groups, there were significantly more perceptions of disadvantage in pursing clinical psychology, as there were the factors that would deter them from entering the profession. Methodological limitations of the study, practical implications and directions for future research are discussed. Critical appraisal: An appraisal of the research process is presented, concluding with salient learning points for the future.
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Sarmiento, Miguel Angel. "La fórmula de tratamiento usted como marcador étnico del habla : Sus correlaciones con algunos factores de la tríada ecológica en contexto de etnias en contacto." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för spanska, portugisiska och latinamerikastudier, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1394.
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This study aims at exploring the social, affective and cognitive variables that would be related to the use of the address form usted in Chilean Spanish. Specifically, we refer to the use that can be observed in interactions between Chileans residing in Sweden. A particular aspect of this situation is that, while the majority group almost exclusively use the form that is commonly associated with solidarity (in this case the Swedish pronoun du), the minority group referred to maintains the pronoun that normally is associated with power, distance, formality and politeness: usted. In other words, while the equivalent in Swedish of usted (ni) is seldom used in majority language, the opposite is observed in the minority language object of study. We believe that the motives for the use of usted in this minority context are more complex than they appear to be. Consequently, an alternative hypothesis has been worked out with reference to theories within the area of Social Psychology. On this basis the following main hypothesis was formulated: Individuals representing the minority group in ethnic contact situations tend to increase their identification with the minority group in order to be admitted by and adhere to this group, if they feel that they are rejected by the majority group. The form usted is not the result of a fortuitous situation, nor can it be explained by the fact that it is the normal usage in the native country, but that it fulfils a strategic objective: to mark the affiliation with the minority group. The method has consisted in grouping together and correlating factors pertaining to the environment, the agent and the guest according to the Ecological Triad, the interaction of which contributes to the appearance of the observed behaviour that underlies this study. The statistical analysis enabled us to verify what was put forward in the hypothesis.
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Hindi, Noor. "Dear God. Dear Bones. Dear Yellow." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1590426765847724.
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Platt, Lucinda. "The experience of poverty : welfare dynamics among children of different ethnic groups." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365527.
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Whiteside, David. "Desire for inclusion in association football amongst minority ethnic communities in England." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9060.
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This thesis examines the desire for inclusion in association football amongst minority ethnic communities in England. The thesis is based on two case studies informed by semi-structured qualitative interviews. These case studies focus on two minority ethnic groups, the Asian community in Bury and the black community in the City of Liverpool, and the relationship of these respective communities with local professional football clubs (specifically Bury FC and Everton FC). The thesis notes that despite, by most objective measures, football grounds being less dangerous places to visit nowadays, members of minority ethnic groups continue to reject live spectatorship. Such rejection exists despite evidence of engagement in football amongst the male members of these minority ethnic groups. Asian respondents expressed little civic pride in Bury or interest in Bury FC, and thus their rejection of spectatorship opportunities was unconscious. Data from black respondents identified widespread sense of belonging and identification with the City of Liverpool, but conscious rejection of spectatorship at Everton FC. Despite recognition of the clubs anti-racist work black respondents argued that the idea persists that Everton are institutionally racist with racist fans. While such a perception had also previously been ascribed to Liverpool FC (Everton s near neighbours), such perceptions had changed quicker at Liverpool FC, who appear more effective at attracting minority ethnic spectators. A number of factors emerged that contribute to the continued rejection of spectatorship amongst British minority ethnic groups at professional football clubs. One of these is the perception that football clubs are unwelcoming places and white spaces . Fear of racism and fear of violence were also often cited although these were found not to be absolute in nature for either minority ethnic group. Indeed, evidence from both groups found that they are developing their own we image rather than internalising their own group disgrace , though it is also argued that Elias and Scotson s notion of two groups, the established (white s) and the outsiders (blacks), is too simplistic and a more fluid conceptualisation is called for. Overall, the data illustrated that the identities of members of minority ethnic groups are complex, multifunctional, context specific and fragmented and thus so are their relationships with football.
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Jalal, Barwa, and Bawar Ahmed. "Att vandra mellan två kulturella världar : En kvalitativ studie om andra generationens invandrares etniska identitet." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Socialt arbete, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-37665.
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The purpose of this paper is to investigate and gain an understanding of the second-generation immigrant's ethnic identity. To carry out our survey, we used the qualitative approach, more specifically interrogations. In total, 6 people were interviewed between the ages of 18–29 years. All participants were born and raised in Sweden with one or both of the parents born abroad. The theoretical basis of the essay is socialbehaviorism and social constructivism. Previous research, also our results show that the mother tongue, parents, residential area and social circle are recurring aspects that are important for the design of the ethnic identity. Our result, unlike previous research, shows that the appearance is also an important factor for the design of the ethnic identity. Our conclusion is that there is an ambivalence and rootlessness among the respondents, which is due to the lack of being part of a larger whole.Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka och få en förståelse för andra generationens invandrares etniska identitet. För att genomföra vår undersökning använde vi oss av den kvalitativa ansatsen, närmare bestämt interjuver. Sammanlagd intervjuades 6 personer i åldrarna 18–29 år. Samtliga deltagare var födda och uppväxta i Sverige med en eller både föräldrarna födda utomlands. Uppsatsens teoretiska utgångspunkter är socialbehaviorismen och socialkonstruktionivsmen. Tidigare forskning och även vårt resultat visar att modersmålet, föräldrarna, bostadsområde och umgängeskrets är återkommande aspekter som har betydelse för konstruerandet av den etniska identiteten. Vårt resultat till skillnad från tidigare forskning visar att även utseendet är en viktig faktor för skapandet av den etniska identiteten. Vår slutsats är att det finns en ambivalens och rotlöshet hos respondenterna som beror på avsaknaden av att vara en del av en större helhet.
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Chang, Edward C., Christina A. Downey, Jameson K. Hirsch, and Natalie J. Lin. "Introduction to Positive Psychology in Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups: A Second Call to Action!" Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/456.
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Book Summary: Positive psychology has become a vibrant, well-regarded field of study, and a powerful tool for clinicians. But, for many years, the research in areas relevant to positive psychology, such as happiness, subjective well-being, and emotional intelligence, has been based on findings from largely White samples and has rarely taken the concerns of the ethnic community into consideration. Now, for the first time, leaders in the field have come together to provide a comprehensive reference that focuses specifically on how a culturally-informed approach to positive psychology can help capitalize on the strengths of racial minority groups and have a greater potential to positively impact their psychological well-being.
Acting as a bridge between positive psychology theory and research—largely based on an essentialist view of human behavior—and the realities of practice and assessment in diverse groups, Positive Psychology in Racial and Ethnic Groups focuses on four main ethnic groups: Asian Americans, Latin Americans, African Americans, and American Indians.
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Thornberry, P. "The rights of ethnic, religious and linguistic minority groups and their members in international law." Thesis, Keele University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376303.
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The thesis concerns itself with the fundamental rights of ethnic, religious and linguistic groups in contemporary international law. The rights outlined are to be found in multilateral treaties and general or customary international law. The first right identified is the right to existence which is principally associated with the Genocide Convention 1948. The second right outlined is the right of individuals belonging to minorities to an identity in cultural, religious and linguistic terms. This right is found in treaties rather than general customary law. The principal vehicle for the right to identity is Article 27 of the United Nations Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. The relationship between this right and the right of individuals not to be discriminated against on grounds of race, language or religion is a major focus of the text. The rights of indigenous and tribal populations are also discussed: in addition to being in most cases minorities in their States, these populations have been the subject of specific action mainly in the International Labour Organisation. They are therefore entitled to all the rights of minorities as well as those rights specifically drawn up in their favour. The thesis commences with an outline of the legal and philosophical problems raised by the existence of minorities and indigenous populations and discusses the history of the protection of minority groups by international law, culminating in the League of Nations regime for their protection. A consistent theme running through the work is the relationship between individual and collective rights in international law and the conclusion of the work attempts to characterise international law in this respect, and to forecast the direction which the law will take in the future.
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Richardson, Leonda V. "The Experience of Underrepresented Minority Dental Hygiene Faculty." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543329324959347.
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Rider, Kay Susan. "Access to justice for minority ethnic pupils and their families : the first five years of the special educational needs tribunal and its use by parents from minority ethnic groups." Thesis, University of East London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532593.
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Successive Annual Reports of the Special Educational Needs Tribunal (SENT) have shown low usage of the Tribunal by minority ethnic families. As a Specialist Lay Member of the Tribunal I was allowed access to the first five years data so that more detailed analysis could explore this position and consider possible causes and possible remedial steps that could address this low usage. As an Educational Psychologist I am alert to the whole issue of educational entitlement particularly for cultural and ethnic minorities and this thesis seeks to explore the whole area of redress and its use. To begin this study I consulted the President of the Tribunal, the Secretary of the Tribunal and Officers from three Local Education Authorities (LEAs) on the issues they thought were relevant to appeal rates. Following these discussions I drew up a list of questions that I used as the basis for discussions with the SENT Midlands and Wales User Group, this meeting expanded the potential areas for investigation and set some of the parameters for the literature review and statistical analysis. The research questions focus on whether this low appeal rate should be a cause for concern or whether it is a reflection of the lower level of needs of these groups or whether some of the other contributory factors highlighted by my discussions may be influencing the appeal rate. In the absence of a substantive theory a framework of influences is described. The data were made available as hard copy, it was manually entered into SPSS and analysed using Models to identify key factors related to appeal rate. The data was then matched against National Statistics on the parameters highlighted by the discussions, levels of Statements of Needs, achievement, language and deprivation. Two Local Education Authorities are used as exemplars and examined for Statements of Needs, achievement, language and deprivation to see if a more detailed exploration could reveal more information on the factors highlighted by my discussions. The main outcomes of this study were to clarify the profile of minority ethnic access to the SENT and identify the appeal rate of each of the DfES ethnic categories: just under 12% of the pupil population in England are members of minority ethnic groups, the three black categories form 3.7% and their appeals from all LEA's total 2.6%: the Asian subcontinent, excluding Chinese, forms 5.8% and their appeals for all LEA's total 2.1%. Using these combination figures more clearly shows the marked under-representation at appeal to the SENT. It is particularly interesting to note the appeal rate of the Pakistani group; in the ten separate regional listings there are eight regions from which no appeals have been registered from this group despite them forming the highest percentage ethnic minority group in Yorkshire and the West Midlands and this aspect needs more exploration. This study also highlights difficulties using the Department for Education and Skills (DfES) categories where misdiagnosis and inadequate categorisation may be linked to problems with test materials and their use with the various cultural and ethnic groups particularly in relation to Speech and Language problems and Emotional and Behavioural difficulties. Further work needs to be done within the whole field of redress gaining a picture of parental views within targeted Local Education Authorities (LEAs). Educational Psychologists need to question, more closely, diagnoses of language problems and design early interventions to improve spoken and written English, they also need to work more closely helping schools devise the Pastoral Support Programmes necessary for pupils at risk of exclusion improving the parental partnership and assisting the individual pupils with their attitude and motivation.
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Yan, Fei. "Re-constructing the nation : struggles in portraying minority ethnic groups in Chinese mainstream history textbooks." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10057040/.
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This thesis examines the changes to the portrayal of minority ethnic groups in Chinese history textbooks since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. It finds that ideological shifts in Beijing have led to minority ethnic groups being portrayed in changing and even contradictory ways in school textbooks. In the history textbooks of the 1950s, the Chinese nation was largely defined as a Han nation-state, and other ethnic groups were generally represented as non-Chinese who had historically been ‘threats’ or ‘enemies’ of the Han/Chinese. It was not until the reform era from the late 1970s that a more inclusive and multi-ethnic conception of the Chinese nationhood was adopted, with ‘minority’ ethnic groups incorporated into the Chinese historical narrative and portrayed more positively. However, as the Communist Party took an increasingly nationalist turn from the 1990s, simultaneously downplaying messages of socialist internationalism, Han ethno-centrism became more apparent once again in textbook narratives, with minority ethnic groups correspondingly marginalised. This thesis also finds that, although non-Han groups were portrayed very differently in history textbooks to match shifting political ideologies, what remained unchanged throughout PRC history was the representation of the backwardness of the non-Han in relation to the Han who were always portrayed as advanced. Based on this examination, this thesis argues that while history education has always been used by the Communist Party to inculcate a highly state-centred vision of national identity, underlying conceptions of the Chinese nationhood have been rather fluid, and there has been no consistent progress towards a more inclusive notion of ‘Chineseness’. Instead, different visions have co-existed and competed, reflecting tensions inherent in the project of constructing modern national consciousness: China has struggled (and is still struggling) to stretch the short, tight skin of the nation over the gigantic body of its empire.
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Calvo, Sara. "Ethnic minority groups and social enterprise : a case study of the East London Olympic boroughs." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2013. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/12446/.
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The world has witnessed the emergence of a great number and variety of social entrepreneurial activities in recent years. In the United Kingdom, the SE sector has experienced considerable growth and nowadays is at the centre of academic and political debate. Yet, very little is known about the extent and nature of ethnic minority involvement in social enterprise activity. Critical to an understanding of this is the reduction of grant funding to third sector organisations as well as the change in race relations and equality policies. Moreover, the social enterprise political discourse that has seen social enterprises as an alternative to move towards market-led provision and the privatisation of public services is relevant to understand the development of ethnic minority social enterprise activities. This research produces insights into the nature and extent of ethnic minority social enterprise activities in the East London Olympic Boroughs and provides a fundamental contribution to the development of policy thinking. This thesis also contributes to theory building in the area through the development of a conceptual framework. Structuration and Mixed Embeddedness theories are considered to explain how the development of ethnic minority social entrepreneurial activities depends on the complex interaction between ethnic minority entrepreneurs (as agents) and the context (as structures) in which they are embedded. This research draws upon evidence from a case study in the East London Olympic Boroughs using a mixed-methods approach, which includes literature and policy review, telephone survey, semi-structured interviews and an in-depth study of organisations. Through analysis of the case study, what is discovered is that there are challenges in defining and measuring ethnic minority social enterprise activities. This thesis also reveals that the role of individual ethnic minority entrepreneurs is crucial for the development of social enterprise activities as well as the context in which they are embedded in terms of their access to resources, market opportunities and the political context that determines this development. Finally, findings demonstrate that the current policy discourse provides little scope for engagement for the majority of small-scale ethnic minority social enterprise organisations.
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Cadag, Jake Rom David. "A l'ombre du géant aigre-doux. Vulnérabilités, capacités et réduction des risques en contexte multiethnique : le cas de a région du Mont Kanlaon (Philippines)." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00985020.
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Les groupes ethniques minoritaires sont parmi les secteurs de la société qui sont menacés en permanence par des risques plus élevés de catastrophes. Le fondement d'un tel constat est les impacts négatifs disproportionnés de catastrophes passées. Il est de ce fait nécessaire d'intégrer tous les groupes ethniques en particuliers les minorités dans la réduction des risques de catastrophe (RRC). Pourtant, la communauté scientifique a peu étudié le rôle de l'ethnicité dans la vulnérabilité et la capacité des populations exposées à divers aléas. Ainsi les praticiens sur le terrain et les organisations non-gouvernementales (ONG), ne possèdent pas de méthodes et d'outils appropriés pour intégrer les minorités ethniques dans la RRC. En plus, des exemples de méthodologies et de politiques visant à rendre cet objectif opérationnel et institutionnalisés sont également limités. Cette étude vise à répondre à ces lacunes, en prenant l'exemple des communautés multiethniques autour de Mont Kanlaon situé sur l'île de Negros aux Philippines. La zone d'étude se caractérise par une grande diversité ethnique composé d'au moins trois grands groupes ethniques (Ilonggos, Cebuanos et Bukidnons). Les résultats de cette étude suggèrent que cette mosaïque constitue une dimension importante de la RRC puisque chaque groupe ethnique possède ses propres formes de vulnérabilité et de capacité face aux aléas volcaniques et d'autres origines. Ces minorités ethniques sont parmi les secteurs les plus vulnérables de la société philippine en raison de leur statut marginalisés. En outre, les résultats de cette étude suggèrent que chaque groupe ethnique possède des capacités issues en grande partie de ressources locales qui sont utiles aux fins de la RRC.
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Li, Zhen. "Minority migration from 1985 to 2005 in China| Migration process, migration outcomes, and socioieconomic incorporation at destination places of four ethnic minority groups." Thesis, State University of New York at Albany, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10109581.
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As internal migration started to increase in the late 1970s in China, ethnic minorities have also participated in this demographic event to improve their livelihood. However, minority migration has been much neglected in the current literature. To fill the gap in the literature, the dissertation aims to: (1) examine migration selectivity and destination selection process of ethnic minorities in China; (2) investigate whether migration can lead to upward socioeconomic mobility for ethnic minorities; (3) assess the extent of socioeconomic integration of minority migrants at destination places; (4) reveal and explain differences in patterns of migration and destination adaption across ethnic groups; and (5) uncover temporal patterns of minority migration, migration outcomes, minority integration at destinations. To achieve these goals, this dissertation makes use of the micro-data of the 1990 China population census, the 1995 mini-census, the 2000 census and the 2005 mini-census.
Regarding minority migration process, model results suggest that education selectivity of minority migrants is mostly positive, but it is only consistently observed for the Zhuang. While migrant networks and co-ethnic networks does not matter much for the out-migration decision for minorities, they do weigh more on minority migrants’ decision as to where to go. Minority migrants tend to go to places with larger migrant networks. In general, they also go to places with more co-ethnics, but the effect of co-ethnic networks reveals important group-specific differences.
Minorities can mostly benefit from engaging in migration. However, what is interesting is the finding that the Uyghurs stand out as the only minority group that shows a trend of deteriorating migration outcomes. Moreover, evidence also reveals that for the Uyghurs and the Zhuang, long-distance migration is not more beneficial than short-distance migration.
Finally, very different patterns of incorporation at destination communities emerge from the analyses. The relative position of the Uyghur migrants to the Han is declining over time and in the most recent time period, they are doing significantly worse than their Han counterparts. The Hui and the Koreans are doing more successfully. Surprisingly, the Zhuang migrants are disadvantaged to the Han and this disadvantage is consistent across time.
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Graf, Jennifer A. "Minority Groups' Conceptualization of Multiculturalism and Ethnic Identity in Hawai'i: The Japanese American and Polynesian Experience." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7072.
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The goal of this thesis is to examine minority groups' conceptualizations of multiculturalism and ethnocultural identity in Hawaiʻi. Two of Hawaii's minority groups were studied- Japanese Americans and Polynesians. A multi-method study on ethnic identification in a multicultural society is presented. Students at the University of Hawaiʻi completed ethnic identification surveys on ethnocultural identification, attitudes toward ethnic identification, likeness to other groups, and social distance. A sample of the Japanese Americans and Pacific Islanders represented in the first phase participated in interviews where the themes about living in a multicultural society and its relation to ethnic identification were further explored. This procedure enabled valuable insights into what multiculturalism and ethnic identity mean to different groups of people and implications for future research are discussed.vii, 87 leaves
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Sillah, Ansumana Rahman Muctaru. "Breast Cancer and Mammography Screening Among Black and Ethnic Minority Groups in Sheffield : A Qualitive Study." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500062.
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France-Dawson, Merry. "The social context of health care for minority ethnic groups diagnosed as having sickle cell conditions." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1994. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10021509/.
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Health care needs are socially defined and care provision is dependent on these definitions. There is generally poor consideration of the needs of people with genetically determined conditions, especially when they are perceived to be rare. In Britain, sickle cell conditions mainly affect people of African and Caribbean ancestry. Sickle cell is considered to be rare by many health professionals despite the fact that 1 in 10 people from these ethnic groups carry the gene, and that each year more than 200 babies are born with serious sickle cell states in London alone. This study was conducted in two parts. Part 1 examines how much people who with one or more sickle cell genes know about the conditions. It investigates their experiences of and perceived need for health care and their attitudes regarding self-care. The study also examines whether clients have received genetic and other counselling, understood the information provided and whether they were encouraged to use positive health strategies to avoid ill health. Part 2 examines how the socialisation and education of nurses and health visitors may have affected their knowledge of sickle cell conditions. It assesses their experience of caring for people with the conditions and the contributions they could make to patient/client care. Statutory and voluntary sickle cell counsellors were also interviewed regarding the service they provided, their satisfaction with that service and their perceived needs for improving such services. The socialisation of individuals is discussed to show how the different racial groups (ie. largely carers versus clients) involved in the study, develop perceptions of each other, and how this could contribute to misconceptions on both sides as well as to the overall health problems of people with sickle cell conditions. Social environments (ie. housing, employment, education, racism and so on) are also discussed.
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Holder, Sharon M. "Health inequalities amongst older people from ethnic minority groups in Britain : 'sensitivity' of different SES measures." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2011. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/208223/.
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The United Kingdom (UK) ethnic population is ageing. However, there has been a dearth of research focussing on the ethnic diversity of the older population and the implications for health and health care needs. In fact ‘ageing’ and ‘ethnicity’ are rarely integrated within health research. According to the United Kingdom (UK) 2001 Census, there are over 4.6 million individuals belonging to minority ethnic groups, with a quarter million aged 50 years or over. The ageing of these communities over the next two decades places greater emphasis on the importance of empirical evidence on their health status and the policy implications for health and health care needs. This thesis contributes to our understanding of health, socio-economic status (SES), ethnicity and ageing. The research explores the ‘sensitivity’ of different measures and their appropriateness and validity in assessing health inequalities amongst ethnic minority groups in order to better understand health inequalities in later life. This is a critical issue with widespread policy implications. Using cross-sectional data from Health Survey for England (HSE), with a sample size of 5,086 men and women 50 years and older, different logistic regression models are run for the outcome variables general health and limiting long-standing illness in order to ascertain the ‘sensitivity’ of SES of the different measures of health amongst the different ethnic minority groups. The results suggest that older people from ethnic minority groups are more likely to report bad/very bad’ health compared with the White population. For example, amongst Black Africans the odds of reporting ‘bad/very bad’ health are 1.45 times the odds amongst Whites, amongst Pakistanis the equivalent odds are 1.69 times the odds amongst Whites, amongst Bangladeshi the odds are 2.34 times the odds of Whites, and amongst Chinese people the odds are 2.53 times the odds of Whites. There are distinct patterns in reporting ‘bad/very bad’ health and a LLSI amongst and between ethnic minority men and women aged 50 and over based on SES measures employed in the study. Additionally, behavioural risk factors, that is, smoking and alcohol consumption were significant predictors of reporting ‘bad/very bad’ health and LLSI. Health inequalities have important implications for policy, particularly for health and health care. The research findings would be useful in informing national policies (e.g. health promotion campaigns, housing, occupationally based services, culturally competent health care services) and locally based interventions (e.g. health campaigns for older men and women; health education) would be better targeted at ethnic minority groups of older men and women
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Iqbal, Halima, J. West, Melanie Haith-Cooper, and R. R. C. McEachan. "A systematic review to identify research priority setting in Black and minority ethnic health and evaluate their processes." PLOS ONE, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18510.
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YesBackground: Black, Asian and minority ethnic communities suffer from disproportionately poorer health than the general population. This issue has been recently exemplified by the large numbers of infection rates and deaths caused by covid-19 in BAME populations. Future research has the potential to improve health outcomes for these groups. High quality research priority setting is crucial to effectively consider the needs of the most vulnerable groups of the population. Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to identify existing research priority studies conducted for BAME health and to determine the extent to which they followed good practice principles for research priority setting. Method: Included studies were identified by searching Medline, Cinnahl, PsychINFO, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, as well as searches in grey literature. Search terms included “research priority setting”, “research prioritisation”, “research agenda”, “Black and minority ethnic”, “ethnic group”. Studies were included if they identified or elicited research priorities for BAME health and if they outlined a process of conducting a research prioritisation exercise. A checklist of Nine Common Themes of Good Practice in research priority setting was used as a methodological framework to evaluate the research priority processes of each study. Results: Out of 1514 citations initially obtained, 17 studies were included in the final synthesis. Topic areas for their research prioritisation exercise included suicide prevention, knee surgery, mental health, preterm birth, and child obesity. Public and patient involvement was included in eleven studies. Methods of research prioritisation included workshops, Delphi techniques, surveys, focus groups and interviews. The quality of empirical evidence was diverse. None of the exercises followed all good practice principles as outlined in the checklist. Areas that were lacking in particular were: the lack of a comprehensive approach to guide the process; limited use of criteria to guide discussion around priorities; unequal or no representation from ethnic minorities, and poor evaluation of their own processes. Conclusions: Research priority setting practices were found to mostly not follow good practice guidelines which aim to ensure rigour in priority setting activities and support the inclusion of BAME communities in establishing the research agenda. Research is unlikely to deliver useful findings that can support relevant research and positive change for BAME communities unless they fulfil areas of good practice such as inclusivity of key stakeholders’ input, planning for implementation of identified priorities, criteria for deciding on priorities, and evaluation of their processes in research priority setting.
This work was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) under its Applied Research Collaboration (ARC) Yorkshire and Humber in the form of Ph.D. funding to HI [NIHR200166], the UK Prevention Research Partnership (UKPRP) in the form of funding to JW and RM [MR/S037527/1], the NIHR Clinical Research Network in the form of funding to JW, and the NIHR ARC Yorkshire and Humber in the form of funding to RM.
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De, Lima Philomena J. F. "Ethnicity, 'race' and place : experiences and issues of identity and belonging in rural minority ethnic households." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/677.
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This thesis seeks to make visible the presence and voices of minority ethnic households in rural communities by addressing the ‘place blindness’ in research on ethnicity / ‘race’, and the ethnicity / ‘race’ blindness in rural literature. The overall aim of this thesis is to develop an understanding of the lived experiences and perspectives of minority ethnic households and individuals in parts of rural Scotland, and the Highlands and Islands in particular. The emphasis is on exploring the contingent, flexible and changing interaction between ethnicity / ‘race’ and rurality. This is achieved by drawing on four separately commissioned studies which were undertaken between 1998 and 2004, and were re-analysed for the purposes of this thesis. Within the context of these studies, the thesis examines the ways in which the social and spatial demography of rural minority ethnic households, and particular conceptualisations of rural have been mobilised to shape ideas and practices about belonging in parts of rural Scotland. In particular, the studies explore the ways in which minority ethnic households, parents/carers and young people across the four studies have felt they have been ‘invisible’ in relation to policy and service delivery issues, and developed strategies to overcome their marginalisation. The thesis concludes that the relationships, experiences and practices based on ethnicity / ‘race’ have to be understood as being grounded in specific spatial, national, local, historical and material contexts which are dynamic. It stresses the need to move away from binary accounts portraying minority ethnic groups as always ‘passive victims’, and the ‘host’ communities as invariably ‘perpetrators’ of racism, by recognising the importance of taking into account the cross-cutting nature of individual identities and experiences, deconstructing ‘white’ and recognising the countervailing forces of constraints and agency within this context.
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White, Jamie Szittai. "Spiritual Formation Revealed Around the Table: An Impact Study of Food and Faith." Ashland Theological Seminary / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=atssem1605432187526995.
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Igbinigie, Itohan. "A study of a local strategy to increase access to initial teacher education for minority ethnic groups." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397049.
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Zhang, Shinan, and 张石楠. "Oral health status, knowledge and behaviors of Dai and Bulang ethnic minority groups in Yunnan province, China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206442.
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The Dai and Bulang people are ethnic minorities in China. Most of them live in Yunnan province, which is located in the southwestern part of China. This study aimed to describe the oral health status, oral health-related behaviors of the 5-and12-year-old children of the Dai and Bulang ethnic groups, the oral health-related knowledge of the 12-year-old Dai and Bulang children living in Yunnan Province, and the factors that influence their oral health status. An oral health survey was conducted on a sample of 5-and 12-year-old Dai and Bulang children in Yunnan, China. The children were selected using a multi-stage and purposeful sampling method for examination by a trained dentist. Dental caries experience was measured using the “dmft/DMFT” index,o ral hygiene status with VPI index and periodontal status with CPI index. A questionnaire was used to collect information on the children’s background, oral health-related knowledge and behaviors. A total of 833 Dai and 723 Bulang 5-year-old children were examined. The prevalence of dental caries among the Dai and Bulang children was 89% and 85%, respectively. There were 49%of the Dai and 38%of the Bulang children had carious tooth with pulp involvement. Their mean (±SD) dmft score was 7.0±5.3 and 5.8±4.9,
respectively. Their mean (±SD) dt score was 6.8±5.2 and 5.6±4.8, respectively. Higher dmft scores were found among Dai children who were girls, were currently bottle-fed, took sweet snacks daily, had higher VPI scores, had visited a dentist within last year, and whose father had up to secondary school education. The Bulang children, who took sweet snacks daily, had visited a dentist within the last year and had higher VPI scores had higher dmft scores. A total of 823 Dai and 873 12-year-old Bulang children were surveyed and their prevalence of dental caries was 40% and 35%, respectively. Around 90% of the carious teeth were left untreated. Their mean DMFT (±SD) score was 0.9±1.5 and 0.6±1.1, respectively. Most of them (Dai, 93%; Bulang 71%) had gingivitis and around half of them (Dai, 46%; Bulang, 58%) had dental calculus. The Dai and Bulang children who were girls and those who had visited a dentist during the previous year had higher caries risk. The mean dental knowledge score of the 12-year-old Dai and Bulang children was 7.2 ± 3.7 and 7.8 ± 3.6, respectively. In conclusion, the prevalence of dental caries of the 5-year-old Dai and Bulang children in Yunnan, China was high and most of them were left untreated. The caries experience of the 5-year-old Dai children was associated with gender, father’s education, bottle feeding habits, snacking habits, dental visit behavior, and oral hygiene status. The caries experience of the 5-year-old Bulang children was associated with their snacking habits, dental visit habitsand oral hygiene status. Dental caries was common among the 12-year-old Dai and Bulang children and associated with gender and dental attendance. Most of the decay were left untreated. Their oral health-related knowledge was moderate. Their periodontal condition was poor.published_or_final_version
Dentistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Warsame, Abdihakim Barre. "Ethnic Prejudice and Discrimination of the Somali Minority Groups : The Image Of The Other As An Enemy." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-174834.
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This study aims to investigate how the mechanisms of discrimination, othering, prejudice and enemy imaging work in conflict and non-conflict zones. The study further explored if the informants stories differ when in conflict zones. Enemy images theories were used as the theoretical base to investigate how the Somali majorities construct the enemy image of the Somali minorities (The Somali Bantusand the occupational groups). The aim and research questions are answered through a comparative case study that focuses on interviewing two Somali minority groups (occupational groups and the Bantu Somalis) who have the experience and lived both in Somalia (conflict context) and Somaliland (non conflict context). The result sof the study show that the majority of Somali clans use the delimitation between “them and us” a set of values that separate the two groups and characterize the minority groups as slaves and people of low social, economic, and political status. The majority groups perceive the minority groups as a threat to their assets and corevalues. This is what has been described as "our" and "their" essence, and the final aim, which is to legitimize violence, is clear in the data. While on the other hand, the majority groups referred to themselves as superior. The results indicated that there were no differences and only similarities in the narratives of the minority groups living in both conflict and non-conflict zones. This was an interesting discovery which was against the known and expected ideal. This thesis also suggests other ways of looking at the concept of enemy images suggesting further areas of research where deemed necessary.
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Dawson, Emily. "Non-participation in public engagement with science : a study of four socio-economically disadvantaged, minority ethnic groups." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2012. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/nonparticipation-in-public-engagement-with-science(b3788009-5fa2-497e-acc4-c149d19c6b5e).html.
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In the UK relationships between the sciences and society are increasingly managed via attempts to encourage ’public’ engagement with science (PES). Opportunities to engage with science are however, not accessible to everyone. This qualitative study explored the experiences of people from socio-economically disadvantaged, minority ethnic groups, who are underrepresented in PES audiences. The original contribution to knowledge of this thesis is an empirically based analysis of why participants from such backgrounds do not participate in PES, an understanding of which was previously missing from the field. -- Adults from the London borough of Southwark were recruited for this exploratory study from four minority ethnic community groups; a Sierra Leonean group (n=21), an Asian group (n=13), a Somali group (n=6) and a Latin American group (n=18). Over a one-year period participants took part in focus groups, interviews, accompanied visits to PES activities and participant observation, following an ethnographic approach. Theoretical tools from the work of Bourdieu formed the overarching framework for the analysis, augmented by perspectives from intersectional research on social disadvantages, migration studies, identity theories and theories of learning. Three lenses were used to examine non-participation in PES; (1) social context and social positions; (2) personal views and experiences, and; (3) PES in practice. -- The findings of this study suggest that non-participation in PES is complex. Participation in PES was limited by the daily struggles of participants’ lives as migrants in London, by their attitudes towards science, politics, science education and PES institutions, by identifiable PES practices and by the relationships between participants’ social positions and the structure of PES as a field.
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MacDonald-Dennis, Christopher. "Competing narratives : the interplay between racial and ethno-religious identity among Ashkenazi Jewish undergraduate anti-racist peer educators /." Ann Arbor, MI : University Microfilms, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/dissertations/preview/3193920.
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Sanchez, Victoria Eugenie. ""As Long As We Dance We Shall Know Who We Are" : a study of off-reservation traditional intertribal powwows in Central Ohio /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392307814.
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Östlund, Pernilla. "The power of friendship : Can friendship between ethnic groups reduce prejudices in multi-ethnic Suriname?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412741.
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