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Journal articles on the topic 'Ethnic comparison'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Woo, Youngki, Amelie Pedneault, Dale W. Willits, Mary K. Stohr, and Myeonggi Hong. "Children of Mixed-Ethnic Heritage and Adverse Life Outcomes: A Comparison of Two Korean Adolescent Samples." Youth & Society 52, no. 5 (May 8, 2018): 820–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118x18772697.

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The number of mixed-ethnic adolescents from multicultural families in South Korea has rapidly increased over the last several years. Although traditionally ethnically homogeneous, Korea has recently shifted toward multiculturalism, yet little research has compared mixed and single-ethnic youth on adverse outcomes in Korea and, to date, no research has done so using a quasi-experimental design. This study uses propensity score weighting with a sample of 1,156 Korean adolescents (756 inter-ethnic and 800 single-ethnic youths) to examine differences in mixed and single-ethic adolescent adverse life outcomes, including depressive symptoms, fear of crime, and victimization experiences. The results indicate that inter-ethnic heritage is associated with increases in fear of crime, but has a negative association with victimization. Findings also revealed nonsignificant differences on depression between the two groups. This highlights the need to engage in research with a strong emphasis on eliminating confounding effects. Implications for further research are discussed.

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2

Wieland, Carsten. "“Ethnic Conflict” Undressed: Patterns of Contrast, Interest of Elites, and Clientelism of Foreign Powers in Comparative Perspective—Bosnia, India, Pakistan." Nationalities Papers 29, no. 2 (June 2001): 207–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905990120053728.

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Ethnic conflict is not—because there are no ethnic groups in conflict. This is the main conclusion of a comparison of so-called “ethnic conflicts” in the Balkans and in colonial India. A comparison of Muslim nation building in these two regions provides several valuable insights that go far beyond the specific cases. Thus far, there have been many hints in the literature on similarities between Bosnia and Pakistan or the Balkans and the Indian subcontinent as a whole. But there have been no systematic comparisons, though many parallels emerge when we look more closely.

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3

Fong, Eric, Wenhong Chen, and Chiu Luk. "A Comparison of Ethnic Businesses in Suburbs and City." City & Community 6, no. 2 (June 2007): 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6040.2007.00204.x.

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We extend research on ethnic businesses by comparing the distribution of ethnic businesses in suburbs and city. The study is drawn from a recently compiled data set of Chinese businesses in Toronto. Drawing from four diverse and different sets of literature on ethnic businesses and urban forms, we identify factors that may affect the geographic distribution of ethnic business. The results clearly indicate a substantial presence of ethnic businesses in the suburban areas. They also suggest that Chinese businesses are more clustered in suburban neighborhoods. The multivariate analyses further show that the distribution of Chinese businesses in suburban and city neighborhoods is affected by different sets of factors, which possibly reflect the different effects of suburban and city spatial forms.

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FUJITA, Yoshihisa, Jinjiro KANADA, Hisana KATOH, Takeshi ISHIYAMA, Heihachiro KANADA, Jörg Täubel, and Ulrike Lorch. "Comparison of Ethnic Difference in Pharmacological Parameter." Rinsho yakuri/Japanese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 34, no. 1 (2003): 207S—208S. http://dx.doi.org/10.3999/jscpt.34.207s.

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5

Canino, Ian A., Maritza Rubio-Stipec, Glorisa J. Canino, and Javier I. Escobar. "Functional somatic symptoms: A cross-ethnic comparison." American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 62, no. 4 (1992): 605–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0079376.

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6

Bokhan, T. G., M. V. Shabalovskaya, J. V. Borodich, O. V. Terekhina, and A. L. Ulyanich. "Personal and Ethnic Identity in Students: a Cross-Cultural Comparison." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 21, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 962–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2019-21-4-962-973.

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The research featured a cross-cultural comparison of personal and ethnic identity in university students in the conditions of multicultural educational environment. The study involved 141 students: 48 Russians, 45 students from various European countries, and 48 Chinese students. The psychodiagnostic research methods included the questionnaire "Who Am I?" by M. Kuhn and T. McPartland as modified by T. V. Rumyantseva and the questionnaire "Types of ethnic identity" by G. U. Soldatova, S. V. Ryzhova. The research revealed common and specific features of personal and ethnic identity of each group. The importance of reflection and identification of one’s own educational and professional role position were present in the structure of personal identity of every group. As for the structure of ethnic identity, all groups demonstrated an increased level of positive ethnic identity and an average level of ethnic indifference. In the content of personal identity of Russian students, the Social Self (profession, family), the Perspective Self, and the Reflective Self were more pronounced in contrast with other groups. The European students showed a greater manifestation of ethnic nihilism. The Chinese students demonstrated a greater hyperidentity. In each test group, the authors established two types that differed in the specifics of the relationship between personal and ethnic identity. The results can improve the psychological support of students in the process of their self-identification in the conditions of multicultural educational environment.

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7

Shnell, Itzhak. "Ethnic segregation in Tel-Aviv - Jaffa." Dela, no. 21 (December 1, 2004): 445–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dela.21.445-460.

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In the article analysis of the segregation of 1000 representatives of eight important ethnic groups in Tel-Aviv – Jaffa is represented. The comparison of results was made on the basis of index of dissimilation. Each ethnical group is analysed with regard to its spatial distribu-tion, a sample of each group being analysed on the basis of the index of dissimilation as well as spatial and interactive segregation.

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8

West, Elizabeth. "Organization Building in the Wake of Ethnic Conflict: A Comparison of Three Ethnic Groups." Social Forces 73, no. 4 (June 1995): 1333. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2580450.

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9

Shin, Eun Jin. "Ethnic neighborhoods, social networks, and inter-household carpooling: A comparison across ethnic minority groups." Journal of Transport Geography 59 (February 2017): 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2017.01.002.

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10

West, E. "Organization Building in the Wake of Ethnic Conflict: A Comparison of Three Ethnic Groups." Social Forces 73, no. 4 (June 1, 1995): 1333–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sf/73.4.1333.

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11

Liu, I. C., S. F. Liao, W. C. Lee, C. Y. Kao, R. Jenkins, and A. T. A. Cheng. "A cross-ethnic comparison on incidence of suicide." Psychological Medicine 41, no. 6 (September 22, 2010): 1213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291710001807.

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BackgroundSuicide rates vary widely across nations and ethnic groups. This study aims to explore potential factors contributing to inter-ethnic differences in suicide rates.MethodStudy subjects came from a case-control psychological autopsy study conducted in Taiwan, including 116 consecutive suicides from two aboriginal groups and Taiwanese Han; 113 of them each matched with two living controls. Gender-, age- and method-specific suicide rates, population attributable fraction (PAF) of suicide for five major risk factors, help-seeking before suicide and emergency medical aid after suicide were compared between the three ethnic groups.ResultsOne aboriginal group (the Atayal) had significantly higher adjusted rate ratios (RR) of suicide than the other aboriginal group (the Ami) [RR 0.20, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.12–0.34] and the Han (RR 0.26, 95% CI 0.16–0.40). Such differences can be explained by higher PAFs of suicide for three major risk factors (substance dependence, PAF 47.6%, 95% CI 25.5–64.2; emotionally unstable personality disorder, PAF 52.7%, 95% CI 32.8–69.0; family history of suicidal behaviour, PAF 43.5%, 95% CI 23.2–60.2) in this group than in the other two groups. This higher suicide rate was substantially reduced from 68.2/100 000 per year to 9.1/100 000 per year, comparable with the other two groups, after stepwise removal of the effects of these three risk factors. Suicide rates by self-poisoning were also significantly higher in this group than in the other two groups.ConclusionsHigher rates of specific risk factors and use of highly lethal pesticides for suicide contributed to the higher suicide rate in one ethnic group in Taiwan. These findings have implications for developing ethnicity-relevant suicide prevention strategies.

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12

Houghton, I. T., C. S. T. Aun, and D. H. Y. Leung. "Minimum Alveolar Concentration of Halothane: An Ethnic Comparison." Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps 139, no. 3 (October 1, 1993): 117–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jramc-139-03-10.

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13

Zawawi, KhalidH. "Comparison of Wits appraisal among different ethnic groups." Journal of Orthodontic Science 1, no. 4 (2012): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2278-0203.105874.

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14

Ruedin, Didier. "Ethnic Group Representation in a Cross-National Comparison." Journal of Legislative Studies 15, no. 4 (December 2009): 335–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13572330903302448.

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15

Wu, Yung-Hsing. "Native Sons and Native Speakers: On the Eth(n)ics of Comparison." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 121, no. 5 (October 2006): 1460–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2006.121.5.1460.

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Why should comparison be an act laden with ethical obligation? Readers of ethnic literatures have long insisted that doing justice to these literatures must be a tenet central to work calling itself ethnic studies. I argue for a renewal of that sense of obligation: the difference of ethnicity is an occasion for articulating, juxtaposing, and reworking the relations among otherwise separate ethnic literary traditions. To the extent that difference follows a logic of intertextuality–one of crossing, exchange, and perpetual expansiveness–it enables reading ethnic literatures together even as it emphasizes the ethical difficulties of such a reading practice. From the disciplinary discourse of comparative literature to the metatextual commentary in Richard Wright's “How ‘Bigger’ Was Born” and ultimately to the pragmatic context of an intertextual reading, this essay seeks to suspend ethnic difference from its position as a point of permanent untouchability. (Y-HW)

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16

Christensen, Pernille Skovgaard, and Trine Lund Thomsen. "Transmissions And Transformations: Comparing Danish Late-generation Ethnicity In America And Argentina." Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 6, no. 3 (December 18, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/251.

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This article explores the ethnic practices and self-perceptions of later generations of Danish immigrant descendants in the USA and Argentina. Through investigating their involvement in ethnic organisations and expressions of self-identification, it engages in a concurrent debate on how ethnicity appears in those, perhaps, final stages. The comparison between later generation ethnics in the two countries shows remarkable differences, despite similar backgrounds and comparable generational stages. The study also shows, however, that possibilities for exploring ethnicity seem crucial to later self-identification. Ultimately, therefore, this seems to play a central role in defining the contours of the acculturation process through the generations.

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17

Brašić, James Robert. "Documentation of Ethnicity." Psychological Reports 95, no. 3 (December 2004): 859–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.95.3.859-861.

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The comparison of the ethnic composition of an intermediate care facility with several Hispanic residents and the general population was hindered by the absence of categorization of ethnicity according to the United States Census. If all Hispanic residents of the facility were white, then 55% of the facility population were white, a proportion comparable to the 58.2% white population of the general population. On the other hand, if all the Hispanic residents were not white, then 27.5% of the facility residents were white. In that case, the proportion of white residents of the facility is much less than in the general population. Therefore, a Demographic Coding Form was developed to capture the essential data to make direct comparisons and contrasts with the general population recorded by the United States Census. Since the United States Census records Hispanic ethnic minority status as a separate category independent from all other ethnic groups, the design of experiments to investigate the possible effects of ethnicity on populations wisely incorporates the administration of a Demographic Coding Form to capture the key ethnic data to permit direct comparison with the general population.

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18

Maiers, Martin, Loren Gragert, William Klitz, Maria Elisa Moraes, Maria Gerbase-DeLima, Carmen Vergueiro, Maria da Graça Bicalho, Semiramis Jamil Haddad do Monte, Margareth Torres, and Marcelo Fernandez-Vina. "158-P: HLA frequency analysis of Brazilian ethnic groups & comparison to US ethnic groups." Human Immunology 68, no. 1 (October 2007): S94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humimm.2007.08.181.

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19

Harris, Kimberly J., Kevin S. Murphy, Robin B. DiPietro, and Gretchen L. Rivera. "Food safety inspections results: A comparison of ethnic-operated restaurants to non-ethnic-operated restaurants." International Journal of Hospitality Management 46 (April 2015): 190–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.02.004.

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20

Vyskochil, N. A. "Paired-comparison method in assessment emotionally colored acoustic events." Experimental Psychology (Russia) 12, no. 4 (2019): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2019120407.

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The article presents the results of an empirical study of the perception of emotionally colored acoustic events by representatives of three ethnic groups, subjects of the Russian Federation: the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, the Republic of Tyva and the Republic of Komi. Using the paired-comparison method, acoustic events are distinguished that are universal in their emotional component for all three ethnic groups, and acoustic events that are culturally specific in relation to their emotional component.

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21

Cho, Jinmyoung, Donald R. Smith, and Alan B. Stevens. "COMMUNITY-BASED IMPLEMENTATION OF A CAREGIVER EDUCATION PROGRAM, REACH-TX: RACIAL-ETHNIC GROUP COMPARISON." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1650.

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Abstract We present the effect of racial/ethnic group difference on the impact of REACH TX on measures of quality of life as implemented by the Alzheimer’s Association North Central Texas Chapter. Five dimensions of quality of life (burden, depression, social support, self-care, and problem behaviors) were assessed at baseline and 6-month follow-up among three racial/ethnic groups of caregivers (White: 1,050; African American: 269; Hispanic: 176). Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to assess racial/ethnic differences in the changes of quality of life after adjusting covariates. Significant interaction effects between racial/ethnic group and time (from baseline to follow-up) were found in burden, depression, and social support. White and Hispanic caregivers showed significant improvements, while the improvement among African American Caregivers was not statistically significant. The disparity in outcomes among diverse racial/ethnic groups in the program suggests the REACH TX intervention would benefit from tailoring interventions for African American caregivers.

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22

Penfield, Christina A., Yvonne W. Cheng, and Aaron B. Caughey. "Obstetric outcomes in adolescent pregnancies: a racial/ethnic comparison." Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 26, no. 14 (April 25, 2013): 1430–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2013.784738.

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23

Basman, RS, AD Puspita, RT Achmad, AW Suhartono, and EI Auerkari. "Palatal rugae comparison between ethnic Javanese and non-Javanese." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1025 (May 2018): 012046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1025/1/012046.

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24

Oberdan, William, and Brian Finn. "MANDIBULAR FRACTURES IN FAR NORTH QUEENSLAND: AN ETHNIC COMPARISON." ANZ Journal of Surgery 77, no. 1-2 (January 2007): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.2006.03946.x.

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25

Perera, R., D. G. C. Owens, and Eve C. Johnstone. "VIII. Ethnic Aspects. A Comparison of Three Matched Groups." British Journal of Psychiatry 159, S13 (October 1991): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000296360.

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In recent years there has been increasing interest in the sociocultural aspects of psychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia (World Health Organization, 1975; Sartorius et al, 1986). This has extended from multicentre international studies of prevalence, through national incidence or phenomenological studies in different ethnic groups (Cochrane, 1977; Teggin et al, 1985), to outcome assessments in different cultures (Sartorius et al, 1986, 1987).

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Di Tommaso, Mariarosaria, Giulia Martello, Tomi Kanninen, Federica Perelli, Laura Iannuzzi, and Giovanni Sisti. "Computerized Cardiotocography Analysis: Comparison among Several Parental Ethnic Origins." Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics 38, no. 12 (November 22, 2016): 589–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1594288.

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Objective We speculate that genetic racial disparity exists in fetal life and can be detected by modern computerized cardiotocography (cCTG). Methods This is a retrospective study comparing the results of the cCTG of pregnant patients at 37–42 weeks according to the parental ethnicity (black versus white). A cCTG was performed to analyze the variables of fetal heart rate (FHR). The cCTG variables analyzed were: percentage of signal loss; number of contractions; basal FHR; number of accelerations; number of decelerations; length of high variation episodes; short-term variability (STV); total trace duration time; and number of fetal active movements. Non-stress test (NST) parameters in the two groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney test for continuous data, and the Chi-square test for categorical variables. Results We found a significantly lower number of active fetal movements (p = 0.007) and longer periods of low variation (p = 0.047) in the cCTG of black patients when compared with white patients. Conclusions In conclusion, identifying the factors responsible for the variance in the objective analysis of CTG results is important to improve the outcomes of patients. Our study lends further evidence as to the importance of ethnicity in clinical cCTG interpretation.

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Pérez-Stable, Eliseo J., Gerardo Marín, and Samuel F. Posner. "Ethnic comparison of attitudes and beliefs about cigarette smoking." Journal of General Internal Medicine 13, no. 3 (March 1998): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.1998.00051.x.

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28

Cai, Zhihong, Hiroyuki Uesaka, and Mika Tsujimoto. "Comparison of Two Ethnic Populations Using Distribution Adjusted Mean." Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics 23, no. 3 (April 23, 2013): 539–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10543406.2012.755997.

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29

Edwards-Hewitt, Terilee, and James J. Gray. "Comparison of Measures of Socioeconomic Status between Ethnic Groups." Psychological Reports 77, no. 2 (October 1995): 699–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.77.2.699.

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It has been hypothesized that African Americans report lower scores than Caucasians on standardized tests of socioeconomic status. College students were asked to report their family's socioeconomic class. In addition, the Revised Hollings-head four-factor socioeconomic questionnaire was given. Both groups surveyed, African American and Caucasian, underestimated their social class, but there were no differences between the groups.

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30

Sontag, Joanne Curry, and Robert Schacht. "An Ethnic Comparison of Parent Participation and Information Needs in Early Intervention." Exceptional Children 60, no. 5 (March 1994): 422–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001440299406000505.

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This study investigated ethnic differences in (a) parent perceptions of their information needs and their sources of information, and (b) the nature of parent participation in early intervention and participation preferences. Interviews were conducted with 536 families with infants and toddlers who had developmental problems. Comparative analyses were conducted on white, Hispanic, and American Indian groups. Results suggested the need to provide more and better information to all parents and the importance of medical doctors as a source of information, individualizing the type and source of information to different ethnic groups, and identifying unique strategies to support the participation of parents from different ethnic groups.

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Rosenblum, Lynne S., Hui Zhu, Zhaoqing Zhou, Jennifer Teicher, Ruth A. Heim, and Natalia T. Leach. "Comparison of pan‐ethnic and ethnic‐based carrier screening panels for individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish descent." Journal of Genetic Counseling 29, no. 1 (October 30, 2019): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgc4.1180.

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32

Qiram, Ikhwanul, Buhani, and Gatut Rubiono. "Batik Banyuwangi: Aesthetic and Technical Comparison of Coastal Batik." Lekesan: Interdisciplinary Journal of Asia Pacific Arts 1, no. 2 (November 16, 2018): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31091/lekesan.v1i2.407.

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Banyuwangi, a district located in eastern end of Java island has batik as cultural herritage. Batik Banyuwangi as well as other batik has own characteristic according to the origin of the region. In the other side, Banyuwangi has a ethnics origin which is Osing ethnic with own character and local wisdom. Batik Banyuwangi is a kind of batik Pesisiran as batik from coastal region. Batik Pesisiran has a specificity in terms of material and method. Batik Banyuwangi has an interesting spesificity and become distinguishing identity of batik from other area. This research is aimed to compare batik Banyuwangi characteristic with other batik Pesisiran by literature study method. The result shows that batik banyuwangi has own aesthetics (motive and meaning) comparing with other batik Pesisiran. From technical aspect (material and method), batik Banyuwangi have in common with other batik Pesisiran.

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33

Min, Pyong Gap. "A Comparison of the Korean Minorities in China and Japan." International Migration Review 26, no. 1 (March 1992): 4–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839202600101.

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Approximately 1.8 million Koreans are settled in China and some 700,000 Koreans are located in Japan. The Korean minorities in two neighboring Asian countries make an interesting contrast in adjustment and ethnicity. Whereas the Koreans in China have maintained high levels of ethnic autonomy and positive ethnic identity, the Korean Japanese have lost much of their cultural repertoire and have suffered from negative ethnic identity. This paper provides a comparative analysis, explaining why the Koreans in two countries have made the different adjustments. It focuses on the basic differences in minority policy between China and Japan, the difference in the context of migration, the existence or absence of a territorial base, and the differential levels of influence from Korea. This comparative analysis is theoretically valuable because it has demonstrated that the physical and cultural differences between the majority group and a minority group are not necessary conditions for prejudice and discrimination against the minority group.

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Palubinskienė, Vida. "Some Aspects of Schoolchild’s and Students’ Ethnic Identity Development Though Ethnic Instrumental Music." Pedagogika 117, no. 1 (March 5, 2015): 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/p.2015.070.

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One of the basic objectives of contemporary pedagogy is developing youth’s national musical culture. In the course of history, when the idea of Lithuanian independence used to become realistic and tangible, special attention was paid to identity issues. The efforts to sustain and to thoroughly foster our traditions, customs, language and ethnical music had the greatest impact on the development of Lithuanian people’s national awareness. The essential categories characterizing the Lithuanian national identity have been and remained self-awareness, language, customs, folk art, and ethnical instruments. Playing instrumental music in ensembles using ethnical instruments has also greatly contributed to preserving of Lithuanian traditions and national identity, as a way of national awareness. Object of research: Some aspects of schoolchild’s and students ethnic identity development through ethnic instrumental music. Aim of research: investigate of the meaning of teaching ethnic instrumental music in the process of developing the knowledge of the ethnical identity. Methods of research: questionnaire scientific methodological literature review, questionnaire and a summary of comparison. The traditions of playing instrumental music in ensembles are quite old and deep-rooted in Lithuania. Ethnical instruments (the kanklės, reed-pipes, pan flutes, etc.) have been always regarded as a symbol of national awareness. Therefore, continuity and dissemination of related traditions and their application in various aspects contributes, at least partially, to the possibility of preserving national values and developing national identity. Playing instruments in ensembles helps young people develop their musical listening skills and memory, get more matured spiritually, as well as form aesthetic feelings and artistic understanding of music. For educators, the ability to play different ethnical instruments is helpful in the respect of having more variety in their classes, involving the learners in extracurricular activities, and making closer acquaintances with the pupils and their parents. The possibility to develop the national identity of young people by means of playing in ensembles is exploited not only in Lithuania. This kind of experience has been used quite long in the practices of other countries. Therefore, in the rapid course of globalisation processes, it is of great importance to educate the young generation in the spirit of national traditions.

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Maurer‐Fazio, Margaret, James W. Hughes, and Dandan Zhang. "A comparison and decomposition of reform‐era labor force participation rates of China's ethnic minorities and Han majority." International Journal of Manpower 31, no. 2 (May 11, 2010): 138–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437721011042241.

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PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to examine observed differences in China's ethnic majority and minority patterns of labor force participation and to decompose these differences into treatment and endowment effects.Design/methodology/approachData from the three most recent population censuses of China are employed to explore differences in the labor force participation rates of a number of China's important ethnic groups. Gender‐separated urban labor force participation rates are estimated using logit regressions, controlling for educational attainment, marital status, pre‐school and school‐age children, household size, age, and measures of local economic conditions. The focus is on the experience of six minority groups (Hui, Koreans, Manchu, Mongolians, Uygurs, and Zhuang) in comparison to the majority Han. The technique developed by Borooah and Iyer is adopted to decompose the differences in labor force participation rates between pairs of ethnic groups into treatment and endowment effects.FindingsSizeable differences are found between the labor force participation rates of prime‐age urban women of particular ethnic groups and the majority Han. Men's participation rates are very high (above 95 percent) and exhibit little difference between Han and ethnic minorities. For almost all pairwise comparisons between Han and ethnic women, it is found that differences in coefficients account for more than 100 percent of the Han‐ethnic difference in labor force participation. Differences in endowments often have substantial effects in reducing this positive Han margin in labor force participation. Roughly speaking, treatment of women's characteristics, whether in the market or socially, tend to increase the Han advantage in labor force participation. The levels of these characteristics on average tend to reduce this Han advantage.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper analyses only one aspect of the economic status of China's ethnic minorities – labor force participation. It would be useful also to examine income, educational attainment, occupational attainment, and unemployment.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to and expands the scant literature on ethnicity in China's economic transition.

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36

Kósa, Maja. "A Comparison of Ethnic Majority and Minority Students’ Epistemological Beliefs about History." Belvedere Meridionale 31, no. 4 (2019): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/belv.2019.4.3.

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The aim of the research is to compare ethnic majority and minority students’ epistemological beliefs about history. Atotal of 732 (509 from Hungary and 223 from Vojvodina) grade 11 and grade 12 students were involved in the study. The students evaluated 26 closed, abstract statements of the adapted paper-and-pencil questionnaire (S TOEL et al. 2017, translation by László Kojanitz) on a six-point Likert scale. The results showed that ethnic minority students tend to nurture both naïve and nuanced beliefs about history that are basically contradictory to each other. This may be related to their “survival instinct” (Peck 2018. 322): minority students do not question contradictory viewpoints or historical narratives but use them in parallel. The research draws attention to the impact of cultural factors (e.g. ethnic identity) on epistemological beliefs.

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37

Brown, Nina W., and Martha Joslin. "Comparison of Female and Male Engineering Students." Psychological Reports 77, no. 1 (August 1995): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.77.1.35.

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78 male and female engineering students were matched by race/ethnic designation and classification. Personality profiles on the Adjective Checklist indicated no significant differences between groups, with the 39 men and 39 women tending to have the same pattern of elevated and depressed scale scores.

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Neuman, Emma. "Ethnic concentration and economic outcomes of natives and second-generation immigrants." International Journal of Manpower 37, no. 1 (April 4, 2016): 157–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-06-2014-0136.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the link between childhood neighbourhood ethnic composition and short- and long-run economic outcomes of second-generation immigrants and natives in Sweden. Design/methodology/approach – The author uses Swedish longitudinal register data and apply regression analysis methods to investigate the correlation between three ethnic neighbourhood variables(share of immigrants, share of immigrants with the same ethnic background and share of immigrants with other descent) in childhood with short- and long-run economic outcomes (earnings, unemployment, reliance on social assistance and educational attainment). Findings – The results show that second-generation immigrants raised in immigrant-dense neighbourhoods have a lower probability to continue to higher education, whereas, their earnings, unemployment and social assistance tendencies are unaffected. On the contrary, natives’ earnings and educational attainment are negatively correlated with, and the probability of social assistance and unemployment are positively associated with a high immigrant concentration. Moreover, the social assistance and unemployment of non-Nordic second-generation immigrants appears to be negatively correlated with the neighbourhood share of co-ethnics and positively correlated with the neighbourhood proportion of other ethnic groups. Overall, the author finds that the results are very similar in the short and long run. Originality/value – This paper expands the literature on children and ethnic segregation and in contrast to earlier research in this context, it focuses on second-generation immigrants and their performance in comparison to natives. This study contributes to this research area by investigating a large variety of outcomes, looking at both immigrant, own ethnic group and other ethnic group concentration and including both short- and long-run correlations.

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Schofield, P., J. Das-Munshi, L. Bécares, C. Morgan, V. Bhavsar, M. Hotopf, and S. L. Hatch. "Minority status and mental distress: a comparison of group density effects." Psychological Medicine 46, no. 14 (August 15, 2016): 3051–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291716001835.

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BackgroundIt has been observed that mental disorders, such as psychosis, are more common for people in some ethnic groups in areas where their ethnic group is less common. We set out to test whether this ethnic density effect reflects minority status in general, by looking at three situations where individual characteristics differ from what is usual in a locality.MethodUsing data from the South East London Community Health study (n = 1698) we investigated associations between minority status (defined by: ethnicity, household status and occupational social class) and risk of psychotic experiences, common mental disorders and parasuicide. We used a multilevel logistic model to examine cross-level interactions between minority status at individual and neighbourhood levels.ResultsBeing Black in an area where this was less common (10%) was associated with higher odds of psychotic experiences [odds ratio (OR) 1.34 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07–1.67], and attempted suicide (OR 1.84 95% CI 1.19–2.85). Living alone where this was less usual (10% less) was associated with increased odds of psychotic experiences (OR 2.18 95% CI 0.91–5.26), while being in a disadvantaged social class where this was less usual (10% less) was associated with increased odds of attempted suicide (OR 1.33 95% CI 1.03–1.71). We found no evidence for an association with common mental disorders.ConclusionsThe relationship between minority status and mental distress was most apparent when defined in terms of broad ethnic group but was also observed for individual household status and occupational social class.

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Tsukada, Keita, Shin-ya Nishio, Mitsuru Hattori, and Shin-ichi Usami. "Ethnic-Specific Spectrum ofGJB2andSLC26A4Mutations." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 124, no. 1_suppl (May 2015): 61S—76S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489415575060.

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Objective:The mutation spectrum of the GJB2 and SLC26A4 genes, the 2 most common genes causing deafness, are known to be ethnic specific. In this study, the spectrum of the reported GJB2 and SLC26A4 mutations in different populations are reviewed and considered from a human migration perspective.Methods:Fifty-two and 17 articles on GJB2 and SLC26A4 mutations, respectively, were reviewed through the PubMed database from April 1996 to September 2014. The 4 most prevalent mutations were selected and compared. A cluster analysis was subsequently performed for these selected mutations.Results:The present review of frequent mutations shows the ethnic-specific GJB2 and SLC26A4 gene mutation spectrum. A cluster analysis of the GJB2 and SLC26A4 genes revealed similarities between ethnic populations.Conclusion:The mutation spectrum reviewed in this study clearly indicated that the frequent mutations in the GJB2 and SLC26A4 genes are consistent with the founder mutation hypothesis. A comparison with the Y-chromosome phylogenetic tree indicated that these mutations may have occurred during human migration.

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Wen, Shi Wu, and Michael S. Kramer. "A comparison of perinatal mortality between ethnic Chinese and ethnic whites: Why the Chinese rate was lower." Ethnicity & Health 2, no. 3 (August 1997): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13557858.1997.9961826.

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Güngör, Derya, Fenella Fleischmann, Karen Phalet, and Mieke Maliepaard. "Contextualizing Religious Acculturation." European Psychologist 18, no. 3 (January 1, 2013): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000162.

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Given the growing presence of Islam in Europe, we developed a research program articulating minority perspectives on acculturation and religion among self-identified Muslims across Europe. Integrating different cross-cultural perspectives on religious acculturation, we ask how acculturation contexts and processes affect the religiosity of Muslims (a) across heritage and mainstream cultures, (b) across different acculturating groups, and (c) across different receiving societies. Based on various large-scale datasets, collected among (young) Muslim populations from different ethnic backgrounds in four European countries, we conclude that religious decline in European societies is largely absent. A comparison across cultures of origin and destination suggests the reaffirmation of religion in acculturating youth, who are more strongly identified with their religion than comparison groups in both mainstream and heritage cultures. Cross-ethnic comparisons indicate that religious socialization is most effective in more cohesive acculturating groups. Finally, cross-national comparisons provide evidence of more strict forms of religiosity in societies with less welcoming intergroup climates. Together, the cross-cultural findings extend a well-established bi-dimensional conceptualization of acculturation to the religious domain.

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Rapti, Edmond, and Theodhori Karaj. "ALBANIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ ETHNIC DISTANCE AND STEREOTYPES COMPARED WITH OTHER BALKAN NATIONS." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 48, no. 1 (November 20, 2012): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/12.48.127.

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The purpose of this study is to identify the Albanian university students’ ethnic distance and the negative ethnic stereotypes compared with other ethnic groups in the Balkans. In addition, the study aims at determining the relationship between the ethnic distance and negative ethnic stereotypes. The sample of this study consists of 600 students selected at random in seven Albanian public universities. The instruments used in this study are a seven item ethnic distance scale for measuring the ethnic distance and a ten item scale for measuring ethnic stereotypes. The ethnic distance scale reliability coefficient is 0.76. The reliability coefficient for the ethnic stereotypes scale varies from 0.84 to 0.90. The descriptive statistics (mean - comparison) is used to describe the level of ethnic distance and ethnic stereotypes...Pearson Product-moment Correlations are used to identify the intensity and orientation of the relation between the ethnic distance and stereotyped attitudes. The study findings indicate that Albanian university students manifest high levels of ethnic stereotypes and ethnic distance compared with other Balkan ethnic groups, especially Serbs and Greeks. In line with the other research, the findings of the present study indicate that there is a positive relationship between the ethnic distance and negative ethnic stereotypes. Key words: Balkan ethnic groups, ethnic distance, ethnic stereotypes.

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Park, Myung K., Shirley W. Menard, and Cheng Yuan. "Comparison of blood pressure in children from three ethnic groups." American Journal of Cardiology 87, no. 11 (June 2001): 1305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9149(01)01528-4.

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HOUGHTON, I. T., C. S. T. AUN, T. GIN, J. T. F. LAU, and T. E. OH. "Suxamethonium myalgia: an ethnic comparison with and without pancuronium pretreatment." Anaesthesia 48, no. 5 (May 1993): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1993.tb07007.x.

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HOUGHTON, I. T., J. M. LOW, J. T. F. LAU, and T. E. OH. "An ethnic comparison of the sympathetic response to tracheal intubation." Anaesthesia 48, no. 11 (February 22, 2007): 965–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1993.tb07475.x.

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Nyamdorj, R., J. Pitkäniemi, J. Tuomilehto, N. Hammar, C. D. A. Stehouwer, T. H. Lam, A. Ramachandran, et al. "Ethnic comparison of the association of undiagnosed diabetes with obesity." International Journal of Obesity 34, no. 2 (November 3, 2009): 332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2009.225.

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King, M., E. Coker, G. Leavey, A. Hoare, and E. Johnson-Sabine. "Incidence of psychotic illness in London: comparison of ethnic groups." BMJ 309, no. 6962 (October 29, 1994): 1115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.309.6962.1115.

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Anderson, Nicole E. "A Racial/Ethnic Comparison of Teen Sexual Attitudes and Behavior." Health Behavior and Policy Review 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14485/hbpr.1.1.3.

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Bendikson, Kristin Anne, Daniel William Cramer, and Mark Donald Hornstein. "Comparison of IVF outcomes among women of different ethnic backgrounds." Fertility and Sterility 78 (September 2002): S49—S50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03509-4.

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