Journal articles on the topic 'Ethnic and national identities'
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Chee‐Beng, Tan. "Ethnic identities and national identities: Some examples from Malaysia." Identities 6, no. 4 (January 2000): 441–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1070289x.2000.9962652.
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Mohd Nor, Siti Nurbaya. "Constructing ethnic and national identities in talk on Malaysian issues." Discourse & Society 32, no. 1 (October 10, 2020): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926520961628.
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This paper examines the connection between ethnic identity, the articulation of these identities through discourse and the ideologies indexed by these identities in the interaction of Malaysian speakers. Based on selected episodes of radio discussions, the study focuses on how speakers identify or self-categorise themselves, in such a way that makes ethnic identity relevant to the discussion. The study draws upon existing literature on types of identities in interactions and membership categorisation analysis (MCA) in investigating how speakers make ethnic identity relevant to the discussion on Malaysian issues through the act of self-categorisation. In the context of these discussions, the membership categorisation device (MCD) ‘Malaysian’ and ethnic identities acquire very specific meanings through the practice of self-categorisation. While some speakers focused on the ethnic culture and traditions, others are more interested in sharing their experiences based on their own ethnic identities and interactions amongst the society. Social issues like dealing with rights and obligations of certain ethnic or social groups and developing one’s sense of ethnic identity, among others, motivate speakers to offer their stance on these issues. In this way, their views and expressions of ethnic identity come to position themselves in terms of these interactional specific roles and identities as Malaysians.
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Froehlich, Laura, Sarah E. Martiny, and Kay Deaux. "A Longitudinal Investigation of the Ethnic and National Identities of Children With Migration Background in Germany." Social Psychology 51, no. 2 (March 2020): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000403.
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Abstract. How immigrants define their ethnicity and nationality is relevant for integration: They can identify with their ethnic group, the receiving society, and a combination of both. A longitudinal study with elementary-school children with migration background ( N = 200; age 9–10) in Germany investigated the predictors and stability of ethnic and national identities. Ethnic identity was more highly endorsed than national identity. National and dual identities were compatible (i.e., positively related), whereas ethnic identity was compartmentalized (i.e., unrelated to national and dual identities). Contact with Germans predicted national identity over time, but not vice versa. Thus, the study contributes to a better understanding of multiple social identities of young ethnic minority children in light of social psychological theories of social identity development.
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Sikevich, Z. V., and N. G. Skvortsov. "Correlation of national and ethnic identity of the youth (on the example of Saint Petersburg)." RUDN Journal of Sociology 20, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 277–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2020-20-2-277-291.
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Based on the empirical research, the article considers the correlation of national and ethnic identities of the youth of Saint Petersburg. The authors conclusions are based on a series of sociological studies conducted in 1996, 2011 and 2019 by the Laboratory of Ethnic Sociology and Psychology of the Faculty of Sociology of the Saint Petersburg State University under the guidance of Z.V. Sikevich and also on the data of other researchers studying similar issues in different Russian regions. The authors present their interpretation of the structure of national identity and typology of ethnic identities; consider the following forms of correlation of national and ethnic identities - dominant ethnic identity, ethnic radicalism, dominant national identity, ethno-national radicalism, ethnic and national indifference; focus on the rank of national identification in the system of group identities and on the indicators of national consolidation; use content analysis to identify the symbolic interpretations of the words Russia, citizen and patriot; analyze contradictions in the national identity of the youth. The article presents the following most important findings of the study: 1) national (civil) identity dominates other forms of social identification of the youth; 2) in the structure of social identities, confessional identity is insignificant, while there is negative distancing towards representatives of Islam; 3) ethnic and ethno-national radicalism is typical for men; 4) compared to 2011, the positive trend of statist attitudes and the negative trend of critical attitudes to power are obvious; 5) the perceived norm and attitudinal behavior of the youth are not quite consistent; 6) gender affects the level and type of both ethnic and national identity.
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Greenberg, Reesa. "Jews, Museums, and National Identities." Ethnologies 24, no. 2 (June 13, 2003): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/006642ar.
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Museums, particularly ethnographic museums, are paradigmatic sites for testing the limits of tolerance of, for, and within, minority cultures. In a discussion of European Jewish museums in Europe, I examine four inter-related variables as indices of tolerance: 1) a museum’s integration into the culture at large; 2) the inclusion of various Jewish ethnic and racial types; 3) the representation of women; and 4) the response to genocide.
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Stöttinger, Barbara, and Elfriede Penz. "Balancing territorial identities." International Marketing Review 36, no. 5 (September 9, 2019): 805–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-03-2018-0115.
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Purpose In today’s globalized world, countries are becoming increasingly multiethnic. This raises questions about the different dimensions of consumers’ territorial identities, and how these dimensions are differentiated, interrelated and interlinked. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Using qualitative interviews, this paper investigates how (40) respondents from two different ethnic minorities in a country that is not necessarily considered multiethnic perceive these dimensions of territorial identity (ethnic, regional and national) as a constituent element of their own person and of their behavior. Findings The authors highlight that these three dimensions of territorial identity co-exist as independent entities; they are distinct but interrelated and interconnected. Furthermore, idiosyncrasies in the ethnic sub-samples are investigated and described. These are related to the connection to the country of residence (being born there vs having immigrated there). Finally, avenues for future research, such as expanding the concept of territorial identities and its connection to consumer behavior, are suggested. Originality/value The authors extend the bipolarity commonly used in territorial identities (global vs local or ethnic vs national) to three conceptually independent dimensions. The authors explore the relationships between these dimensions of territorial identity and show that they may not conflict but, instead, co-exist.
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Shostak, Natalia, and Ray Taras. "National Identities and Ethnic Minorities in Eastern Europe." Slavic and East European Journal 44, no. 2 (2000): 348. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/309987.
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Weinreich, Peter. "National and Ethnic Identities: Theoretical concepts in practice." Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research 4, no. 1 (March 1991): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13511610.1991.9968245.
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Sadvokassova, A., A. Kenzhetayeva, and L. Baymanova. "CIVIL AND ETHNIC IDENTITIES OF GERMAN ETHNIC GROUP OF KAZAKHSTAN." Kazakhstan-Spectrum 99, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.52536/2415-8216.2021-3.03.
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Diversity of ethnic groups can be an integral part of the society, which is inter-connected with social transformations. This goes hand in hand with migration of people and their integration into a host country. It can be referred to national or ethnic identities of citizens. This paper draws parallels between civil and ethnic identities of German ethnic group of Kazakhstan in the cases of cities of Karaganda and Almaty.
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Mastrotheodoros, Stefanos, Olga Kornienko, Adriana Umaña-Taylor, and Frosso Motti-Stefanidi. "Developmental Interplay between Ethnic, National, and Personal Identity in Immigrant Adolescents." Journal of Youth and Adolescence 50, no. 6 (April 17, 2021): 1126–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-021-01434-y.
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AbstractDeveloping a personal identity is a core developmental task for all adolescents. Immigrant adolescents need to integrate the meaning that their belonging to their ethnic group and the receiving nation has for them into their personal identity. The purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal interplay between personal, ethnic, and national identities of a middle school sample of immigrant youth (N = 765, Mage = 12.7 years, SD = 0.6 at T1; 46% girls) enroled in Greek schools. Data were collected in three waves with repeated measures. To test the link between these identities, two trivariate Cross-Lagged Panel Models were ran, one examining identity exploration and the other examining identity commitment. The results revealed robust within time positive links between ethnic, national and personal identities for both exploration and commitment at all three time-points. There was some evidence that ethnic and national identities were negatively linked longitudinally, and limited support for longitudinal associations between these domains and personal identity. Follow-up analyses suggest that these processes may be specific to second generation youth and that findings may differ by ethnic background. Finally, the findings that emerged are discussed with attention to the socio-political climate in the receiving nation.
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Galyapina, Victoria, Nadezhda Lebedeva, and Fons J. R. van de Vijver. "A Three-Generation Study of Acculturation and Identity of the Russian Minority in the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 49, no. 6 (April 5, 2018): 976–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022118767578.
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This article examines relationships between social identities and acculturation strategies of Russians (the ethnic minority) in the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania (RNO-A). The sample included 109 grandparent–parent–adolescent triads from ethnically Russian families ( N = 327). We assessed acculturation strategies, ethnic and national identities (identification with the Russian Federation), republican identity (with the RNO-A), regional identity (with North Caucasus), and religious identity. EFA combined five identities in two factors, labeled Russian ethnocultural identity (comprising ethnic, national, and religious identities) and North-Caucasian regional identity (comprising identities involving the republic and region). The means of the identity factors remained remarkably stable across generations, with a somewhat stronger Russian ethnocultural identity. A structural equation model revealed that Russian ethnocultural identity was a negative predictor of assimilation (the least preferred acculturation strategy), whereas North-Caucasian regional identity was a positive predictor of integration (the most preferred strategy) in all generations. We concluded that Russian ethnocultural identity is important for maintaining the heritage culture whereas North-Caucasian regional identity promotes participation of ethnic Russians in the multicultural North-Ossetian society.
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Dayioglu, Attila Gokhun. "Disputes Between the National States and Ethnic Identities with the Basque Example." Polish Political Science Review 7, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 68–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ppsr-2019-0014.
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AbstractEthnicity in the historical process has been the main subject of political, economic, military and geographical change. Ethnicity, which was identical to the identity of tribes and clans before empires formed the basis of different phenomena in multi-ethnic national states. In this context, terms such as nation, race, ethnic minority, national minority etc. are used synonymously. The international structure formed aft er the collapse of the bipolar system. Concepts such as ethnic, ethnic group, minority, national minority, ethnic minority, nation, nation-state, ethnic-state, ethnic problems, ethnic discrimination have been brought to the agenda again and these concepts’ qualities and meanings have started to be reconsidered by scholars.Ethnic issues not only affect internal politics but also external and international politics for countries which have ethnic groups in their society. Therefore, these effects are causing the questioning of the system of national-states which underlies the international system.The Basque problem is characterised by the nationalist movements of the Basque society which is struggling for independence in Spain from the past to the present (the Basque society has been struggling for independence in Spain since 17th century) or who are working hard to achieve their special status. From the demands for privileges of the Basque separatist movement in Spain, the Basque problem is of great importance for the current Spanish political system.In order to solve the problem, it is necessary to examine the mutual demands and solutions of Spain and the Basque Country. From this point of view, the Spanish Administration should be directed towards moderate policies and take into account the conditions of the region. The constitution must also guarantee individual and cultural rights. This study aims to observe the problems between the Basques and Spain historically and to understand the Basque ethnic phenomenon better.
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Shpak, A. A. "ETHNIC IDENTITY COMPLEXITY: A STUDY OF THE PHENOMENON IN MODERN HUMANITARIAN KNOWLEDGE." Northern Archives and Expeditions 6, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31806/2542-1158-2022-6-1-10-16.
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Complex ethnic identities are in the field of interdisciplinary humanitarian knowledge, affecting sociology and cultural studies. This situation indicates a more inclusive nature of the phenomenon applicable in several fields of knowledge. The application of the principles of the social mechanisms of complex identities in cultural studies enriches and reveals the principles of working with ethnic identity in line with a multiethnic society and national politics in general. The processes of globalization are considered as one of the factors of the emergence of complex ethnic identities. This article examines the theoretical and methodological features of complex identities in social humanitarian knowledge, their transformation in cultural studies, clarifies the concept of complex ethnic identity. Based on the analysis of the regions of the Siberian Federal District, some specific features of the formation of complex ethnic identities have been identified.
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Markovich, Slobodan. "Patterns of national identity development among the Balkan orthodox Christians during the nineteenth century." Balcanica, no. 44 (2013): 209–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc1344209m.
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The paper analyses the development of national identities among Balkan Orthodox Christians from the 1780s to 1914. It points to pre-modern political subsystems in which many Balkan Orthodox peasants lived in the Ottoman Empire at the beginning of the nineteenth century. The Serbian and Greek uprisings/revolutions are analyzed in the context of the intellectual climate of the Enlightenment. Various modes of penetration of the ideas of the Age of Revolution are analyzed as well as the ways in which new concepts influenced proto-national identities of Serbs and Romans/Greeks. The author accepts Hobsbawm?s concept of proto-national identities and identifies their ethno-religious identity as the main element of Balkan Christian Orthodox proto-nations. The role of the Orthodox Church in the formation of ethno-religious proto-national identity and in its development into national identity during the nineteenth century is analyzed in the cases of Serbs, Romans/ Greeks, Vlachs/Romanians and Bulgarians. Three of the four Balkan national movements fully developed their respective national identities through their own ethnic states, and the fourth (Bulgarian) developed partially through its ethnic state. All four analyzed identities reached the stage of mass nationalism by the time of the Balkan Wars. By the beginning of the twentieth century, only Macedonian Slavs kept their proto-national ethno-religious identity to a substantial degree. Various analyzed patterns indicate that nascent national identities coexisted with fluid and shifting protonational identities within the same religious background. Occasional supremacy of social over ethnic identities has also been identified. Ethnification of the Orthodox Church, in the period 1831-1872, is viewed as very important for the development of national movements of Balkan Orthodox Christians. A new three-stage model of national identity development among Balkan Orthodox Christians has been proposed. It is based on specific aspects in the development of these nations, including: the insufficient development of capitalist society, the emergence of ethnic states before nationalism developed in three out of four analyzed cases, and an inappropriate social structure with a bureaucratic class serving the same role as the middle class had in more developed European nationalisms. The three phases posed three different questions to Balkan Christian Orthodox national activists. Phase 1: Who are we?; Phase 2: What to do with our non-liberated compatriots; and Phase 3: Has the mission of national unification been fulfilled?
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Waters, Mary C. "Ethnic and Racial Identities of Second-Generation Black Immigrants in New York City." International Migration Review 28, no. 4 (December 1994): 795–820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839402800408.
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This article explores the types of racial and ethnic identities adopted by a sample of 83 adolescent second-generation West Indian and Haitian Americans in New York City. The subjective understandings these youngsters have of being American, of being black American, and of their ethnic identities are described and contrasted with the identities and reactions of first-generation immigrants from the same countries. Three types of identities are evident among the second generation – a black American identity, an ethnic or hyphenated national origin identity, and an immigrant identity. These different identities are related to different perceptions and understandings of race relations and of opportunities in the United States. Those youngsters who identify as black Americans tend to see more racial discrimination and limits to opportunities for blacks in the United States. Those who identify as ethnic West Indians tend to see more opportunities and rewards for individual effort and initiative. I suggest that assimilation to America for the second-generation black immigrant is complicated by race and class and their interaction, with upwardly mobile second-generation youngsters maintaining ethnic ties to their parents’ national origins and with poor inner city youngsters assimilating to the black American peer culture that surrounds them.
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Waechter, Natalia. "European Identity and its Relationship to National and Ethnic Identities among Younger and Older Members of Ethnic Minority Groups." Slovak Journal of Political Sciences 14, no. 2 (March 1, 2014): 99–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjps-2014-0005.
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Abstract European Identity and its Relationship to National and Ethnic Identities among Younger and Older Members of Ethnic Minority Groups. European identity is neither a new phenomenon nor a new concept. Yet, after almost three decades of research, this area is characterized by a wide variety of concepts and little empirical evidence. Existing studies in the area propose homogeneous concepts of societies and often disregard European identity among ethnic minorities and non-citizens. This paper addresses the gap in the literature and analyses European identity among 12 minority groups living in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries that have already become or might become EU members. The purpose of this study is to examine the choice of European identity and attitudes towards Europe in relation to other identities among respondents with an ethnic minority background. The paper addresses this question within the life-course perspective and examines differences in identity levels between the young and older cohorts of minority groups. For our analysis we have used a sample of 6800 members of ethnic minorities living in CEE (ENRIValues and Identities Survey). Our results indicate a stronger level of European orientation among minority young people in comparison to adults. Moreover, the study shows that while young minority cohorts manifest stronger levels of European identity than adults, their levels of national and ethnic identity are significantly lower. While adults consider their national identity to be more salient than European identity, young people give the two equal degrees of importance. At the same time, for both young people and adults, the results illustrate that European identity is compatible with both national and ethnic identities
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Chou, Bill. "Perceived Threats and Governing Capacity." African and Asian Studies 13, no. 1-2 (May 9, 2014): 147–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341289.
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Abstract Many of the past literature on small states focus on the foreign policies and political economies of liberal democracies. This paper examines the non-liberal democracies of Singapore and Macao in their construction of national identities. Non-liberal democracies are different from their democratic counterparts in their reactions to perceived threats. Instead of forming a corporatist system to make important decisions by consensus, both Singapore and Macao leadership exclude the participation of civil society in defining their national identities. Faced with high perceived threats and armed with strong governing capacity, Singapore succeeds in building a national identity overarching the cultural identities of major ethnic groups. In view of electoral setbacks, Singapore leaders have to include more public inputs into its policy making process, including the definition of national identity. On the contrary, the perceived threats of Macao are not pressing. The cultural and political affinity enables the post-colonial Macao to integrate smoothly with China’s national identities defined by the Communist leadership. The relative weak capacity of the city government makes the building of national identities gradual. Its high degree of ethnic homogeneity has contributed to a process of nation building relatively free of disputes.
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Ryabichenko, T. A., N. M. Lebedeva, and I. D. Plotka. "Multiple Identities, Acculturation and Adaptation of Russians in Latvia and Georgia." Cultural-Historical Psychology 15, no. 2 (2019): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2019150206.
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The article presents the results of a comparative study examining the relationship between different types of social identity (ethnic, national, and place identity), acculturation strategies (assimilation, integration), and psychological adaptation (satisfaction with life and self-esteem) of Russians in two sociocultural contexts: Latvia and Georgia. Participants were 320 Russians in Latvia (M = 42,89; SD = 21,19), and 312 Russians in Georgia (M = 31,11; SD = 11,67). Path analysis was used to test the relationships. The results showed that national and place identities related to integration in both countries. Direct effects of place identity on psychological well-being are universal for the studied countries, while relationships of national and ethnic identities with well-being are context specific. Indirect positive effects of national and place identities on self-esteem through integration are universal in Latvia and Georgia.
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Hume, Susan E. "Ethnic And National Identities Of Africans In The United States*." Geographical Review 98, no. 4 (October 1, 2008): 496–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1931-0846.2008.tb00314.x.
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Ashraf, Ahmad. "The crisis of national and ethnic identities in contemporary Iran." Iranian Studies 26, no. 1-2 (March 1993): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00210869308701795.
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Sambaraju, Rahul. "“You are Irish—and as Irish as Me!”: Antiracism and National Identities in Ireland." Journal of Language and Social Psychology 41, no. 1 (November 3, 2021): 76–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261927x211048215.
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What is the role of national identities in doing antiracism? In social psychology, much research on racism has examined processes and practices of exclusion. Scant research however has examined practices of inclusion. In this paper, I examine practices of national majority group members doing antiracism in response to complaints by ethnic minority members about facing racism on Twitter about their national belonging. I examine these instances and responses to these in the Irish context, as in Ireland, being “Irish” can mean both ethnic and national identity. Findings show that respondents’ national identification was central to practices of inclusion, such as that of affirming the Irishness of those facing exclusion. For respondents’ national belonging was oriented to as significant for those complaining about inclusion, for themselves, and for those who were engaging in racist exclusion of ethnic minority members. Together the findings show that while national identities allow for antiracism, these problematically suppress the relevance of race in favor of nations and nationalisms.
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Foster, Russell. "'Cry God for Harry, England, and Saint George': Europe and the Limits of Integrating Identity." Global Discourse 9, no. 1 (January 29, 2019): 67–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/204378918x15453934505969.
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Since the early 1990s a dominant modernist narrative has assumed that European integration and the progressive march of secularism, multiculturalism and increased material prosperity would lead to the fading-away of tribal, national, racial and other parochial identities; identities ostensibly incompatible with a meta-national 'European' identity founded not in ethnosymbolic myth, but in cosmopolitanism. This has informed not only academic theory but has also guided 60 years of EU policy making, with Ernst Haas' doctrine of neofunctionalist spill-over dominating European assumptions that a pan-European identity would replace national affiliations. Brexit contradicts this in four ways. First, Brexit demonstrates the renewed appeal of ethnic nationalism on multiple levels: nationalist (British), sub-nationalist (English), and meta-nationalist (white nationalism). Second, Brexit demonstrates shifts in traditional nationalism in the form of gulfs in a neo-medieval society. Third, Brexit demonstrates the existence of multiple and incompatible 'European' identities. Finally, Brexit demonstrates how a specifically EUropean identity can be just as hostile and exclusionary as ethnic nationalism. This reappearance of social discord, ethnosymbolic identities, and the praxis of ethnic identity exemplified by the British, but seen across the EU, necessitates a fundamental reconsideration of the apparently irreversible trends of an unfalsifiable theory of modernist, neofunctionalist progressivism in the form of European integration. Using the British as a case study, this paper argues that the very processes of European integration have, by accelerating antagonistic national and EU identities, inadvertently constructed the apparatus for EUrope's potential disintegration.
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GALYAPINA, Victoria, Oksana TUCHINA, and Ivan APOLLONOV. "ACCULTURATION OF ARMENIANS IN RUSSIA: ROLE OF SOCIAL IDENTITIES AND DIASPORA ACTIVITY." CENTRAL ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS 22, no. 4 (December 17, 2021): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37178/ca-c.21.4.10.
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The Armenian diaspora is one of the largest in Russia and in the world. The Armenians living in the Krasnodar Territory are a large and active group, thus, an investigation into the problem of their acculturation is of scientific and practical importance. Based on the theory of social identity, the theory of acculturation, and the regional socio-cultural context, the study focused on the role of ethnic, regional and Russian national (civic) identities and diaspora activity in the acculturation of the Armenians in the Krasnodar Territory. The study used the scales from the MIRIPS project questionnaire (Mutual Intercultural Relations in Plural Societies). The sample consisted of 181 respondents. Using structural equation modeling, the ethnic and Russian national identities of the Armenians living in the Krasnodar Territory were revealed as factors that contributed to their integration, and regional identity—as factors that fostered assimilation. Diaspora activity was determined by both ethnic and regional identity and predicted the Armenians’ attitudes towards integration and separation. Also, diaspora activity of the Armenians in the Kuban region facilitated the interconnection of ethnic and regional identities with the separation strategy. In general, the study revealed that all identities (ethnic, regional and Russian national) contribute to a certain degree to the acceptance of the host society culture by the Armenians in the Krasnodar Territory. At the same time, diaspora activity can be an effective mechanism for the adaptation of migrants or a source of problems associated with increased impenetrability of diaspora’s borders, the migrants’ exclusive focus on their ethnic group and their decreased desire for sociocultural integration into the host society. It is important to take this into account when shaping the regional interethnic relations policy.
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Veinguer, Aurora Álvarez. "(Re)Presenting Identities: National Archipelagos in Kazan1." Nationalities Papers 35, no. 3 (July 2007): 457–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905990701368704.
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The Republic of Tatarstan is located between Europe and Asia. It is important to emphasize geographical location, which is a key element in the processes of identities formation and transformation. Tatarstan is located in the core of the Russian Federation, situated in the European part of Russia and 800 kilometres from Moscow, at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama Rivers. The capital of Tatarstan is Kazan. The economic potential of the republic is based mainly on raw materials (including oil and gas), industry and agriculture. According to the constitution of the republic (approved on 6 November 1992) Tatarstan (previously known as Tataria) is defined as a multiethnic republic, with two official languages, Russian and Tatar. The largest ethnic groups are Tatars and Russians; as a consequence it makes sense to talk in terms of a bicultural society with two main confessional groups, namely Muslim and Orthodox Christians.
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Schraff, Dominik, and Ronja Sczepanski. "United or divided in diversity? The heterogeneous effects of ethnic diversity on European and national identities." European Union Politics 23, no. 2 (December 19, 2021): 236–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14651165211063770.
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In this article, we argue that the size and cultural proximity of immigrant populations in people's residential surroundings shape national and European identities. This means that the type of migrant population activates cultural threat perceptions and opportunities for contact to varying degrees. Geocoded survey data from the Netherlands suggests that large non-Western immigrant shares are associated with more exclusive national identities, while mixed contexts with Western and non-Western populations show more inclusive identities. These results suggest that highly diverse areas with mixed immigrant populations hold a potential for more tolerance. In contrast, exclusive national identities become strongly pronounced under the presence of sizeable culturally distant immigrant groups.
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Galyapina, V. N., and J. J. Khojiev. "The Role of Identity, Ethnic Stereotypes and Acculturation Strategies in the Adaptation of Migrants from Central Asia in the Moscow Region." Cultural-Historical Psychology 13, no. 4 (2017): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2017130402.
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The paper focuses on the study of the of impact ethnic, religious, civil and Russian identities, ethnic stereotypes on the strategies of acculturation and on the adaptation of migrants from Central Asia in the Moscow region. Representatives of two ethnic groupsparticipated in the research: 105 Uzbeks and 96 Tajiks (N= 201). The methods of the study included the scales of acculturation strategies, ethnic and national identities from the MIRIPS (Mutual Intercultural Relations in Plural Societies) project questionnaire. The results of path analysis in AMOS program showed that integration and assimilation are the most successful strategies for migrants from Central Asia: integration contributed to self-esteem, while assimilation promoted life satisfaction. Integration is basically determined by ethnic and Russian identities, whereas assimilation is determined mostly by identification with the country of origin and by Russian identity as well as by the negative impact of ethnic identity. Separation and marginalization do not contribute to self-esteem of the migrants; however, positive heterostereotype of the Russians and Russian national identity prevent the migrants from choosing separation and marginalization. The choice of strategy is largely affected by religious identity. Expressed religious identity has a negative impact on the socio-cultural adaptation of the migrants from Central Asia in the Moscow region.
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Cornelissen, Scarlett, and Steffen Horstmeier. "The social and political construction of identities in the new South Africa: an analysis of the Western Cape Province." Journal of Modern African Studies 40, no. 1 (March 2002): 55–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x01003810.
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In apartheid South African society, racial and ethnic identities were institutionally imposed. The end of apartheid has brought about the need for new identities to be created among South Africans, and for South Africans to forge a new relationship with their society and country. With this objective in mind, the national government is engaged in a process of nation-building. But in post-apartheid South African society, sub-national identities are also strongly coming to the fore. This is an empirical study of established and emerging identities in the Western Cape province, and the processes whereby these are constructed. The investigation shows two parallel flows of identity construction in the Western Cape: on the one hand, political leaders in the province attempt to foster an autonomous provincial identity; on the other, residents of the province show little evidence of strong political identities linked to the Western Cape. Instead, social identities are being constructed around residents’ local neighbourhoods and long-existing ethnic, class and racial identities. Rather than the social cohesion sought by the post-apartheid South African government, these identities point to persistent social polarisation.
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Pak, Yangjin. "Contested ethnicities and ancient homelands in northeast Chinese archaeology: the case of Koguryo and Puyo archaeology." Antiquity 73, no. 281 (September 1999): 613–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00065182.
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In many countries of east Asia, archaeological knowledge is frequently used in the construction of ethnic histories, and the discipline of archaeology is often employed to emphasize ethnic and cultural identities (Fawcett 1995; Nelson 1995). It is thus important for archaeological research in this region to understand how archaeological knowledge is used in each country to establish national identity, to promote national solidarity, to delineate various ethnic groups and to proclaim ancestral territories, cultural antiquity and unbroken cultural and ethnic continuity.
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Green, Elliott. "Ethnicity, National Identity and the State: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa." British Journal of Political Science 50, no. 2 (September 25, 2018): 757–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123417000783.
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The process by which people transfer their allegiance from ethnic to national identities is highly topical yet somewhat opaque. This article argues that one of the key determinants of national identification is membership in a ‘core’ ethnic group, or Staatsvolk, and whether or not that group is in power. It uses the example of Uganda as well as Afrobarometer data to show that, when the core ethnic group is in power (as measured by the ethnic identity of the president), members of this group identify more with the nation, but when this group is out of power members identify more with their ethnic group. This finding has important implications for the study of nationalism, ethnicity and African politics.
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Sadowski, Andrzej. "THE PROCESS OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE NATIONAL IDENTITIES ON THE POLISH‐LITHUANIAN‐BELARUSIAN BORDERLAND." CREATIVITY STUDIES 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2008): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/2029-0187.2008.1.46-54.
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In this article I will at least try to outline the necessary methodological assumptions for the future researches on the national identities of the inhabitants of the Polish ‐ Belarusian ‐ Lithuanian borderland. Then, using the results of the studies of the identities on the Polish ‐ Belarusian borderland, I will attempt to prove the thesis, that in present conditions, the national identity should not be treated as only subjective reflection of someone's national membership, described with the use of a given set of features on the different levels of objectification, but should be understood broader: declaration of the national identity also means taking of the certain position, defining of someone's place and duties within the dynamic and changeable national structure. We can distinguish four types of the collective actors, which shape the national identities on the studied borderland: (1) ethnic minorities (with which certain categories of the citizens identify), (2) national majorities backed by the power of the state in which the representatives of the minorities live, (3) the “foreigner fatherlands” (R. Brubaker) and (4) international organizations which create certain legal regulations and who monitor (control) their realization. In the studies of the national identity of the Polish‐Belarusian‐Lithuanian borderlands some theoretical approaches can be distinguished. There is a need to define, at least for the use in the studies, the concepts of national minority and ethnic minority, and to create a new theoretical category ‐ “the cultural nation”. The national (ethnic) minority can be distinguished in the specific minority situation, most frequently in the context of the other, dominant majority, as the community, which is less significant, subordinated and often discriminated. The notion of national‐ethnic self‐identification should be associated with the resourcefulness of the representatives of a given minority in certain environments.
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Bobic, Mirjana. "Transition to parenthood: New insights into socio-psychological costs of childbearing." Stanovnistvo 56, no. 1 (2018): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/stnv180403003b.
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Multiculturalism policy in Serbia is an example of compromises made by monoculturalists between the issues surpassing the conservative paradigm of tolerance for ethnic and cultural differences and the normative protection of their identities. An unsystematised approach to shaping multiculturalism policy led to disregard or misinterpretation of demographic factors. Through the examples of how the rights to ethnic and cultural identities are obstructed for the Bosniak population in Priboj and Aromanians in Serbia, and the analysis of problems stemming from the centralist organisation of minority selfgovernments, the paper points to the weaknesses of the current multiculturalism policy and the need for introducing demographic criteria for it to be brought into line with the nature of multiethnicity in the country. The paper points to the issues and difficulties arising from this for the Roma national minority in the realisation of their rights. Despite of being a large national minority, its members are not able to enjoy full cultural autonomy because the realisation of rights is not in line with the demographic characteristics of the Roma. A reform of the multiculturalism policy would remove the existing obstacles and enable effective protection of ethnic, cultural and linguistic identities of minorities. Multiculturalism policy in Serbia is an example of compromises made by monoculturalists between the issues surpassing the conservative paradigm of tolerance for ethnic and cultural differences and the normative protection of their identities. An unsystematised approach to shaping multiculturalism policy led to disregard or misinterpretation of demographic factors. Through the examples of how the rights to ethnic and cultural identities are obstructed for the Bosniak population in Priboj and Aromanians in Serbia, and the analysis of problems stemming from the centralist organisation of minority selfgovernments, the paper points to the weaknesses of the current multiculturalism policy and the need for introducing demographic criteria for it to be brought into line with the nature of multiethnicity in the country. The paper points to the issues and difficulties arising from this for the Roma national minority in the realisation of their rights. Despite of being a large national minority, its members are not able to enjoy full cultural autonomy because the realisation of rights is not in line with the demographic characteristics of the Roma. A reform of the multiculturalism policy would remove the existing obstacles and enable effective protection of ethnic, cultural and linguistic identities of minorities. Multiculturalism policy in Serbia is an example of compromises made by monoculturalists between the issues surpassing the conservative paradigm of tolerance for ethnic and cultural differences and the normative protection of their identities. An unsystematised approach to shaping multiculturalism policy led to disregard or misinterpretation of demographic factors. Through the examples of how the rights to ethnic and cultural identities are obstructed for the Bosniak population in Priboj and Aromanians in Serbia, and the analysis of problems stemming from the centralist organisation of minority selfgovernments, the paper points to the weaknesses of the current multiculturalism policy and the need for introducing demographic criteria for it to be brought into line with the nature of multiethnicity in the country. The paper points to the issues and difficulties arising from this for the Roma national minority in the realisation of their rights. Despite of being a large national minority, its members are not able to enjoy full cultural autonomy because the realisation of rights is not in line with the demographic characteristics of the Roma. A reform of the multiculturalism policy would remove the existing obstacles and enable effective protection of ethnic, cultural and linguistic identities of minorities. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. III 47010: Social transformations in the process of European integration - a multidisciplinary approach]
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Grad Fuchsel, Hector, and Luisa Martín Rojo. "“Civic” and “ethnic” nationalist discourses in Spanish parliamentary debates." Journal of Language and Politics 2, no. 1 (December 31, 2002): 31–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.2.1.04gra.
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Parliamentary debates on the definition of the nation-state and national identities are a very revealing discursive domain of tracing the cues of the social construction of this category. Integrating social-psychological and discourse analyses, this article studies how Spanish nationalism interacts with the most influential regional (Catalonian and Basque) nationalisms in the Spanish Parliament in Madrid, and in the regional Parliaments of Catalonia and the Basque Country. The study is based on a two-dimensional framework, which characterises nationalist cultures in terms of their Institutional Status (“established” vs. “rising” nationalism), and in terms of the Basic Assumptions (“civic” vs. “ethnic” aspects in the social representation of the nation — Smith, 19986, 1991). According to the conceptual framework, each of these nationalisms represents a different combination of “established” (Spanish) or “rising” (Basque and Catalonian) Institutional Status as well as of “civic” (in Catalonia) or “ethnic” (Spanish and the Basque) Basic Assumptions (Grad, 1999). The study shows that, in these parliamentary contexts, the Institutional Status and the Basic Assumptions not only configure different nationalist positions, but also configure distinct “discursive formations” — reflected in interactional dynamics (of inclusion vs. exclusion, compatibility vs. incompatibility, and consensus vs. conflict relations) — between the different national projects and identities. These discourses belong to an “enunciative system” including systematic subject (the dominant national identity), system of references (or referential) terms to denote national categories or supra-regional — Spain, Spanish State, Basque Country, Catalonia — that serve to distinguish between national in-group and out-group, and clearly differ in extent and connotations in established and rising national codes), as well as associated fields (more ascriptive membership criteria, rigid group boundaries, requirement of internal homogeneity, restrictive referent and extension of the “us” in the ethnic than in civic codes), and materiality (strategies of discursive polarisation, especially salient in the Basque Country parliamentary discourse, which both indicate less compatibility between identities and aim to delegitimise dissent with regard to national referents and goals). Finally, in parliaments where ethnic codes are confronted (Spanish and Basque) politeness is impaired, there is a higher degree of controversy, and the strategies of delegitimisation constitute strong face-threatening acts which endanger the “tacit contract” of the parliamentary interactions. In this regard, ethnic centralist and independentist political positions make harder the compatibility between national identities than civic regional-nationalist and federal proposals. Recent confrontations between Spanish and Basque national positions seem to confirm the patterns found in this analysis.
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Devos, Thierry, and Hafsa Mohamed. "Shades of American Identity: Implicit Relations between Ethnic and National Identities." Social and Personality Psychology Compass 8, no. 12 (December 2014): 739–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12149.
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de Nike, Howard. "The Multicultural Riddle: Rethinking National, Ethnic, and Religious Identities. Gerd Baumann." Journal of Anthropological Research 56, no. 2 (July 2000): 266–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/jar.56.2.3631378.
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MacKenzie, John M. "Empire and National Identities: The Case of Scotland." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 8 (December 1998): 215–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3679295.
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The modern historiography of the origins of British national identities seems riven with contradictions and paradoxes. First there is a major chronological problem. Is the forging of Britishness to be located in the sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth or nineteenth centuries? Second, there is a difficulty in the compilation of such identities. Are they to be found in negative reactions to the perceived contemporary identities of others or in positive, if mythic, readings of ethnic history? Third, can there be a British identity at all when the cultural identities of what may be called the sub-nationalisms or sub-ethnicities of the United Kingdom seem to be forged at exactly the same time? And fourth, did the formation of the British Empire and the vast expansion of British imperialism in the nineteenth century tend towards the confirmation of the identity of Greater Britain or of the Welsh, Irish, English and Scottish elements that made it up?
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Shulman, Stephen. "Competing versus Complementary Identities: Ukrainian-Russian Relations and the Loyalties of Russians in Ukraine*." Nationalities Papers 26, no. 4 (December 1998): 615–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905999808408591.
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The huge Russian diaspora created in the wake of the Soviet Union's collapse creates a great challenge to nation builders throughout the “near abroad.” Especially in Lithuania, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Ukraine, by virtue of their size, Russian populations must be integrated into new political communities where they now have minority status. The building of cohesive, unified nation states requires that the identities and loyalties of these Russians be directed toward their new states. If Russians can identify with the broader community dominated by the titular ethnic group and simultaneously maintain a strong ethnic consciousness and loyalty toward the Russian Federation, then national integration can proceed in a relatively straightforward manner. But if creating a state-wide, national identity entails the weakening of Russian ethnic identity and the breaking of emotional and physical attachments to Russia, then national integration will be a much more conflictual and difficult process. Unfortunately, social scientists have paid little theoretical and empirical attention to the question of whether ethnic and national identities complement one another or compete with one another. Likewise, we do not know how a diaspora's relations with its homeland affects its ability to adopt loyalties to its host state. And if scholars are uncertain about these issues, then so likely are ethnic groups themselves; logically the political consequences of this uncertainty also merit study.
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Lev-Ari, Lilach. "North-African Jewish People in Paris: Multiple Identities—Ethnic-Religious, National and Transnational." Religions 14, no. 1 (January 16, 2023): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14010126.
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The purpose of this study is to compare native-born and immigrant Jewish people from North African roots who reside in greater Paris regarding their multiple identities: ethnic-religious, as Jewish people; national, as French citizens; and transnational, as migrants and ‘citizens of the world’. This study employed the correlative quantitative method using survey questionnaires (N = 145) combined with qualitative semi-structured interviews. The main results indicate that both groups have strong Jewish and religious identities. However, while immigrants had fewer opportunities for upward mobility and were more committed to national integration, the younger second-generation have higher socio-economic status and more choices regarding their identities in contemporary France. In conclusion, even among people of the same North African origin, there are inter-generational differences in several dimensions of identity and identification which stem from being native-born or from their experience as immigrants. Different social and political circumstances offer different integration opportunities and thus, over the years, dynamically construct identities among North African Jewish people as minorities. Nonetheless, the Jewish community in Paris is not passive; it has its own strength, cohesiveness, vitality and resilience which are expressed not only in economic but also in social and religious prosperity of Jewish organizations shared by both the native-born and immigrants, who can be considered a ‘privileged’ minority.
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Hyun, Jaehwan. "Tracing National Origins, Debating Ethnic Homogeneity." Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences 49, no. 4 (September 1, 2019): 351–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2019.49.4.351.
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This article examines the interaction between human population genetics and the reconstruction of national identities and histories. Since the first use of mitochondrial DNA analysis of human origins in 1987, scientific research on population history using genetic technologies, or genetic history studies, has flourished, engaging with diverse politics of social identity and national belonging across the globe. Previous scholars have stated that a distinct feature of genetic history studies is the globalized research and commercial network enabled by technological innovations and social transformations during the 1990s. This paper contributes further to this literature by analyzing how local geneticists became part of the global research network and how globalization at large—e.g., economic liberalization and the rise of multiculturalism—functioned in the development of genetic history studies in South Korea. By focusing on a leading population geneticist, Kim Wook and his genetic origin research on Koreans, I will show the role that Korean geneticists had in reconfiguring Korean national identity—from an ethnically homogeneous group to an ethnically diverse one—while their research practices, questions, and methods were inspired and supported by domestic globalization policies and discourses and a transnational network of genetic history studies. I will also reveal the essential, albeit equivocal, part genetic knowledge played in the debate on national belonging in this county.
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Guanghao, Hou. "A Mighty River Flowing Eastward." China Report 54, no. 1 (December 26, 2017): 81–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445517744410.
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This article attempts to interpret the narratives presented in the autobiography of Situ Hua (Szeto Wah, 1931–2011), well-known activist and leader of pressure-group movements in modern Hong Kong, in order to understand his ethnic and national identities. This exploration can illustrate the interaction between collaborative nationalism, critical nationalism and colonialism that is ongoing and constantly changing in modern Hong Kong. The article suggests that during his childhood and youth, Situ ethnically identified himself as being Chinese and, in terms of his national identity, he longed for a strong communist Chinese state. Second, it argues that Situ’s national identity was hollowed out by the Chinese Communist Party while his ethnic identity remained unchanged from his youth. Finally, Situ’s success in promoting pressure-group movements in Hong Kong led him to believe in democracy. His belief in democracy resulted in the convergence of his ethnic and national identities. He still wanted to build a strong Chinese state, but believed that this state should be democratic. It was his democratic Chinese nationalism that propelled him to embark on such a political pursuit.
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Curticapean, Alina. "“Are you Hungarian or Romanian?” On the Study of National and Ethnic Identity in Central and Eastern Europe." Nationalities Papers 35, no. 3 (July 2007): 411–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905990701368654.
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A personal note frames this essay. In recent years I have travelled with my Finnish colleagues from the University of Tampere to a number of international seminars and conferences organized in various European locations. While socializing with the other participants, my self-identification as Romanian has, on several occasions, prompted the question “are you Hungarian or Romanian …?“ No other options were ever offered, even though Romania has a quite sizeable Roma minority and a number of Saxons, though ever declining, still live in the country. At the same time, the ethnicity of my Finnish colleagues has never been questioned. True, Finns describe their country as a homogeneous place, yet Finland is a country with two official languages—Finnish and Swedish—ever praised for the treatment of its Swedish-speaking minority. And some other ethnicities—for instance, Roma and Sami—also live in Finland. Nobody interested? Or maybe there is more to it than simply a question of curiosity (or a lack of it). That the ethnicity of the Finnish participants was deemed irrelevant, whereas my ethnic identity seemed a topical issue for informal discussions during coffee breaks or conference lunches elicited my interest in the issue of national and ethnic identity. I have started to ask how collective identities, and especially national and ethnic identities, have been conceptualized and how those theoretical concepts have been deployed in the study of Central and Eastern European identities. Are there any differences in how Central and Eastern European identities are studied compared with Western identities?
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Gomez, James. "Consolidating Indian Identities in Post-Independence Singapore: A Case Study of the Malayalee Community." Asian Journal of Social Science 25, no. 2 (1997): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/030382497x00167.
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AbstractThis paper examines the changing role of national and ethnic identity in post-independence Singapore. It argues that in comparison with 10-15 years ago, ethnic identities have gained importance over the national one. Examining the case of the Indians, in particular, that of the Tamil-speaking community, the paper argues that conditions for preserving the identity of the Tamil community are much improved. This is also true for the Sikh community. However, for the Malayalee community, given its fragmented nature, the prospects look bleak. The inability to gather the various segments of the community into a collective working whole is central to its problems. There is also a division between the younger and older members of the community. The younger Malayalees, having been socialized differently from the older generation in post-independence Singapore, find the current calls to return to ethnic roots unconvincing. The deliberations surrounding identity maintenance within the Malayalee community are sociologically interesting. They illustrate how recent national policies affect ethnic identity maintenance in contemporary Singapore.
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Yurasov, Igor A., and Olga N. Yurasova. "Confessional and Religious Identities: Ethnos. Discourse." Study of Religion, no. 4 (2020): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2072-8662.2020.4.108-118.
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This study attempts to distinguish between two sociological categories – confessional religious identity, which have long been considered synonymous, as a single concept in domestic and foreign science. Confessional identity has been studied for a long time in Russian social sciences in close connection with religious identity. The latter was understood as a quality resulting from the identification of the individual with a certain religious doctrine, a certain religious semiosphere. Confessional religious identity is a projection of national, ethnic identity. On the basis of national identity, confessional identity is formed, which becomes the basis for the formation of religious identity. This conclusion is based on the analysis of the values of the inhabitants of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus, whose population professes Orthodoxy. The discursive environment contributes to the formation of a specific vector of religious identity. Discourse in the research is understood as a system of texts, semantics, and meanings surrounding a particular social phenomenon. Confessional and religious identities are formed by philosophical-theological, mythological, artistic, ideological and political discourses [Makarov, 2003]. On the basis of discursive analysis of ethnic and confessional identity, sociological and semiotic markers of autocephaly of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine are identified and the socio-cultural role of the Greek Catholic Church in the west of Ukraine is analyzed.
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Kanazayire, Clementine. "Rwanda: In the Aftermath of Genocide Against Tutsis. Survivor and Non-Victim Position to the Subordinate Identity and "Rwandeity" Problem." Conflict Studies Quarterly, no. 23 (April 10, 2018): 23–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/csq.23.2.
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Following the genocide against the Tutsi in 1994, the Rwandan government implemented a policy of strengthening national identification at the expense of the ethnic group identities, which resembled the common in-group identity model (CIIM) known in social psychology. The present interview study examined how participants live being a member of the survivor or non-victim group and being a Rwandan. It also investigated the different perspectives of survivors and non-victims in relation to the policy of strengthening national identification at the expense of the ethnic groups. Consistent with socio-emotional needs-based model (NBM) (Nadler & Shnabel, 2008), the results show that most non-victims support the policy of strengthening national identification at the expense of the ethnic group identity because the national identity permits them to escape this negative moral image conferred by the subordinate identity. For survivors, their subordinate identity is related to the history of victimization. Half of them were supportive of this policy but they had to ensure that the commemoration period is maintained. The two oldest survivors preferred political identities which consider the ethnic group and national identity at the same time. Other reasons advanced of supporting single recategorization policy are related to the official translated version of the history, diverse government policies, empathy towards to the members of the perpetrator group and not representing the prototype of the group.
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Basic, Goran, and Ksenija Markovic. "Social status of the Roma in Serbia: Demographic aspects in public multiculturalism policies." Stanovnistvo 56, no. 1 (2018): 43–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/stnv180415002b.
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Multiculturalism policy in Serbia is an example of compromises made by monoculturalists between the issues surpassing the conservative paradigm of tolerance for ethnic and cultural differences and the normative protection of their identities. An unsystematised approach to shaping multiculturalism policy led to disregard or misinterpretation of demographic factors. Through the examples of how the rights to ethnic and cultural identities are obstructed for the Bosniak population in Priboj and Aromanians in Serbia, and the analysis of problems stemming from the centralist organisation of minority self-governments, the paper points to the weaknesses of the current multiculturalism policy and the need for introducing demographic criteria for it to be brought into line with the nature of multiethnicity in the country. The paper points to the issues and difficulties arising from this for the Roma national minority in the realisation of their rights. Despite of being a large national minority, its members are not able to enjoy full cultural autonomy because the realisation of rights is not in line with the demographic characteristics of the Roma. A reform of the multiculturalism policy would remove the existing obstacles and enable effective protection of ethnic, cultural and linguistic identities of minorities.
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Van Der Borght, Eddy. "Oxford Revisited: A Re-Reading of the Report on Church and Volk at the Life and Work Conference in Oxford 1937 as a Contribution to the Ethnat Study of 'Faith and Order'." Exchange 33, no. 4 (2004): 372–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543042948312.
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AbstractThe relationship between ethnic, national and ecclesiological identities continues to be important topics of ecumenical research. The reports presented at the recent Plenary Commission of FAITH AND ORDER in Kuala Lumpur off er a promising perspective because they link the topic of ethnic and national identities with the identity of the church. In this article, an analysis is made of the most elaborated attempt of the Ecumenical Movement to deal with this issue: the LIFE AND WORK conference of 1937 in Oxford on Church, Community and State. The context and the preparations are described, and the reports analysed. In a conclusion the main results are brought together in seven aspects. The absence of the universal church and the silence about the national church, two weak elements in this document might be overcome in the new document that FAITH AND ORDER is preparing.
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Pepić, Anđela, and Bojana Vukojević. "Workers in post-socialism: Between class and national identities." Socioloski godisnjak, no. 15 (2020): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/socgod2015041p.
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Social transformation and transition from socialist to liberal market economy in Bosnia and Herzegovina and other countries of former Yugoslavia, followed by war atrocities, initiated a series of economic and social challenges: deindustrialization, high unemployment, dubious privatizations, impoverishment, ethnic rivalries and structural changes. In this paper, we observe the mentioned social processes focusing on identity politics resulting in transformation of class identity into workers' national identity. The main presumption is that certain critical social moments serve as a trigger for "shift" in primacy of class compared to national identity and vice versa. To address this, we are using cases of workers' resistance/strikes/ protests during the social transformation from socialist into market economy, and after the completed privatization and reign of ethno-national policies in former Yugoslavia countries.
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Priwati, Acintya Ratna, Adelia Krishna Putri, Valendra Granitha Shandika Puri, Annisa Ardi Ayuningtya, Wenty Marina Minza, and Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti. "Multiculturalism as a Mediator of Ethnic Identity and National Identity among Javanese Adolescents." Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia 25, no. 1 (July 31, 2021): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/hubs.asia.1030521.
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The development of national identity in a highly multicultural nation begins by identifying oneself to a particular ethnic group and realizing that multiculturalism is the bridge between both identities. This research aims to discover the link between national identity, ethnic identity, and multiculturalism in Indonesia, specifically for Javanese. This study utilized three measurement scales: (1) National Identity Scale to measure national identity; (2) Ethnic Identity Scale to measure the sense of belongingness to the Javanese ethnicity; and (3) Universal Diverse Orientation (UDO), to measure multiculturalism. This study's participants consist of 441 college students in Yogyakarta (male = 115; female = 326), ranging from 17 to 21. The regression analysis result shows that the mediation model supports this research hypothesis, namely that multiculturalism mediates the relationship between ethnic identity and national identity. Therefore, the current finding generates a new conception regarding the related theme.
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Motaung, Tlhabane Mokhine ‘Dan’. "Colonialism and Historical Imagination." Thinker 89, no. 4 (December 17, 2021): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/thethinker.v89i4.733.
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Ethnic identity has continued to undermine national unity and integration across post-colonial Africa, and South Africa seems to be no exception. Post-apartheid South Africa has been bedevilled by the spectre of ethnic politics in a way which shows the durability of toxic ethnicity. Ethnic identities in Africa and South Africa in particular, were forged by colonial powers and apartheid (in the case of the latter) through identity construction and the classic strategy of divide and rule. Fluid pre-colonial social ‘identities’ were recast and calcified into hide-bound, immutable and toxic ethnicity that was invested with a separatist consciousness underwritten by corresponding differential economic livelihoods. This study argues for the need to dig deeper into history to understand the state of pre-colonial identities and how colonial designs constructed the latter to undermine resistance by indigenous people and therefore to perpetuate its domination.
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Rumbaut, Ruben G. "The Crucible Within: Ethnic Identity, Self-Esteem, and Segmented Assimilation among Children of Immigrants." International Migration Review 28, no. 4 (December 1994): 748–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839402800407.
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Focusing on the formation of ethnic self-identities during adolescence, this article examines the psychosocial adaptation of children of immigrants from Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean. The data are drawn from a survey carried out in the San Diego and Miami metropolitan areas of over 5,000 children of immigrants attending the eighth and ninth grades in local schools. The sample is evenly split by gender and nativity (half are U.S. born, half foreign born). The results show major differences in their patterns of ethnic self-identification, both between and within groups from diverse national origins. Instead of a uniform assimilative path, we found segmented paths to identity formation. Detailed social portraits are sketched for each ethnic identity type. Multivariate analyses then explore the determinants of assimilative and dissimilative ethnic self-identities and of other aspects of psychosocial adaptation such as self-esteem, depressive affect, and parent-child conflict, controlling for gender, socioeconomic status, and national origin. The theoretical and practical implications of these results –especially the effects of acculturation, discrimination, location and ethnic density of schools, parental socialization and family context, upon the psychosocial adaptation of children of recent immigrants to the United States – are discussed.
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Isaacs-Martin, Wendy. "National and Ethnic Identities: Dual and Extreme Identities amongst the Coloured Population of Port Elizabeth, South Africa." Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism 14, no. 1 (April 2014): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sena.12069.
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