Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ethical'
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Pender, Simon Robert. "Lyrical ethics/ethical lyrics." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613676.
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Small, Cherise. "Mindfulness, responsibility, ethical judgement and ethical intent : a virtue ethics perspective." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/59778.
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Proliferation of corporate scandals stands as a stark reminder that leaders can and will behave unethically. Mindfulness and moral responsibility in the context of elements of the ethical decision making process have received limited attention. As such, this study set out to examine and empirically quantify the relationship between moral responsibility, mindfulness and only two of the four constructs of Rests Ethical Decision Making Model (1986), ethical judgement and ethical intent. A broader understanding of mindfulness and moral responsibility may provide organisations with a lever that can be utilised to improve the ethical decisions their leaders make.
A quantitative analysis was conducted in support of this study, using data collected from 191 decision makers within a specific organisation. A questionnaire was used to measure respondents level of ethical judgment, ethical intent, mindfulness and moral responsibility. Statistical techniques which include factor analysis, multivariate analysis of variance, analysis of variance and paired sample t-test were used to determine whether the responses to each scenario were consistent and whether response bias was evident. And lastly, regression analysis was used to determine the strength of the relationship between the four constructs, and to identify the existence of the mediating influence of moral responsibility between mindfulness and ethical judgment, and mindfulness and ethical intent.
The outcome of this study provided empirical linkages between the constructs of mindfulness, moral responsibility, ethical judgement and ethical intent. The predictive power of the independent variables on the dependent variables were all below 10%, but which were all still statistically significant. Furthermore, moral responsibility mediated the relationships between the variables mindfulness and ethical intent, as well as between the variables mindfulness and ethical judgment.Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
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Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
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Isidorsson, Gustav. "Ethics Affecting Business : -Improving Ethical Performance." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-14352.
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Ethics as a subject is investigated in this paper and in particular how ethics can be analyzed in different organizations. The paper investigates how the generic ethical performance (EPE) evaluation model can help organizations to evaluate their ethical performance. The base for the empirical material is collected through qualitative interviews with staff on four different international organizations. The results proclaim that the EPE model can help organizations to narrow down focus and to categorize results, which help organizations to analyze ethical behavior. If the EPE model is complemented with an improvement model (the Deming cycle) an ethical improvement model is created. Conclusions are that evaluating ethical performance is not simple and the results can be ambiguous. The EPE model should be seen as a tool in generic cases and not as the only way of evaluating ethics. If ethics is processed according to the Deming cycle small steps of continuous improvement should help organizations to improve ethical performance. The more you study something the more you realize the complexity of it. Opening doors to new knowledge is like finding yourself in a labyrinth. Some ways are leading to dead ends and sometime you get lost. But when you have been walking in the labyrinth for a while you tend to recognize how the different paths are connected and a web is revealed. This study reveals a gap between theoretical knowledge and knowledge about how to implement and use theories of ethics in “real life” situations. The paper ends with ideas for future possible research, the Ethical Improvement Model (EIM) created in this paper is brought forward as a suggestion.
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Wimbush, James C. "Ethical climates and ethical behavior." Diss., This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-134238/.
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Chin, Jacqueline Joon Lin. "Ethical judgement and ethical authority." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c9a08c55-448a-4ff4-830d-b785f7bd2667.
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This dissertation considers the possibility of there being such a thing as ethical authority in the modern world, and seeks to give an account of its nature. It begins by expressing a critical stance toward the idea that authority is always dependent upon having a certain kind of theoretical expertise. It raises the suggestion that there are other forms of authoritativeness, based on tradition, the display of superior skill, or impressive discriminative/perceptual powers. The bases of these forms of authority are not primarily, or even necessarily, of an intellectual kind. The idea that ethical authority depends upon something more than intellectual foundations may be traced to Aristotle, who claimed that the practical wisdom of an ethical authority (phronimos) is a matter of being good at deliberation with regard to things that conduce to living well. The model of ethical authority provided here is not that of theoretical expertise but closer to that of practical skill and/or the possession of perceptual powers of a particular kind. Ethical authority in the Aristotelian tradition depends upon intellectual powers, but of the 'practical intellect' and not necessarily (it depends on the context) any advanced theoretical expertise. It then proceeds to argue that there is an important place for practical wisdom in modern ethical life. Many of us live today in modem pluralistic societies where diverse conceptions of goodness and ethical rationality compete. We may well find the idea of reasonable allegiance to local phronimoi, who grasp and can illuminate the value of particular practices and institutions to fellow participants of a shared life, pure anathema. Modern ethical philosophy reflects this stance, and is characterized by a certain faith in rule-centred or procedural ethical theories for guiding human conduct. The argument of the second chapter seeks to show that there is little warrant for rejecting the role of ethical authorities (phronimoi) in contemporary pluralistic societies in favour of ethical proceduralism. Thereafter, in the third, fourth and fifth chapters, it turns to exploring the nature of practical wisdom, in particular, whether or not it is best construed as grounded in a theory of right conduct, or as a form of 'ethical knowledge', or as aiming at an objective truth; and to the task of characterizing a credible conception of the insightful phronimos - or what it might be like if this model of ethical authority is to claim relevance for contemporary life within pluralistic ethical communities.
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Diodati, Catherine J. M. "Biomedical ethics, the ethical implications of mass immunization." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0011/MQ52456.pdf.
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Head, Jason Paul. "Correct Ethical Traditions: Towards a Defense of Christian Ethical Relativism." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11282006-162522/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2006.Title from title screen. Timothy Renick, committee chair; Kathryn McClymond, Timothy O'Keefe, committee members. Electronic text (48 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Apr. 24, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-48).
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Blowfield, Michael Ernest. "Ethical trade : the negotiation of a global ethic?" Thesis, University of Sussex, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288780.
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Kumar, Pooja. "Ethical liberalism." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243049.
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Thorpe, Matthew. "Moral blindfolds and ethical reflections: imagination, ethics and film." Thesis, University of Kent, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.593919.
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The thesis explores the cormection between the imaginative engagement with narrative fiction films, and the imagination as it is employed in moral reasoning. I begin by describing a variety of imaginative and non-imaginative stances towards fiction in terms of a general internal/external schema. I then describe a similar schema as it applies to engaging with fictional characters - imagining from a subjective and an objective perspective. I argue that in both cases - internal/external, and subjective/objective - an either/or choice between them should be rejected in favour of an account that incorporates both perspectives. The second part of the thesis begins with an account of how the internal! external distinction is related to the question of how, or if, narrative fiction films can be sources of moral knowledge. I consider the idea that films can act as 'thoughtexperimen( S' (the ITE thesis) and find it lacking. I argue, however, that the idea should not be rejected but modified. I do so with reference to Bernard Williams' distinction benveen 'thick' and 'thin' ethical concepts, and I show that re-conceiving fihns as examples of thick ethical concepts meetS the objections that I have levelled at the FTE thesis. It also, I claim, satisfies the condition that if films are to have moral-cognitive value, that value must be tied in a substantial way to their aesthetic properties. I then go on to discuss in chapter four what might seem the most natural ethical function of engaging with fictions - coming to know 'what it's like'. Subjective imagining, or empathising, I argue is not intrinsically beneficial, but becomes so when it is conducted within a more objective context. The final two chapters are a more detailed discussion of Eric Rohmer's series of films Les ConUs ,ilJoreaux/The Moral Tales in which I flesh out some of the theoretical claims of the thesis, and connect them to a tradition of ironic realism exemplified by Rohmer's senes.
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ZANUZZO, JOVIR ALCEU. "FOR A ETHICS MORE HUMAN: A REFLECTION UPON POSTMODERNITY ETHICAL REFERENCES AND THE ETHICAL PROPOSITION OF THE CHRISTIAN MESSAGE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=31594@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
Por uma ética mais humana - uma reflexão sobre os referenciais éticos da pós-modernidade e a proposta ética da mensagem cristã aborda a sociedade pós-moderna neste tempo de constantes evoluções técnico-científicas, a hipermodernidade. As manifestações humano-sociais assumem uma configuração própria, conseqüência de um intenso processo de personalização. As frequentes inovações nem sempre produzem os frutos esperados. Muitas de suas conquistas são responsáveis por uma flagrante carência de valores e princípios éticos, por um indiferente subjetivismo e por um generalizado sintoma de vazio existencial. Cada vez mais vigoroso, o individualismo irresponsável torna-se uma real ameaça à sobrevivência humana. Essa situação interpela e desafia a todos, revelando a urgência de novos referenciais comportamentais que dinamizem novos relacionamentos e novas atitudes humanas, mais solidárias e mais responsáveis. Segundo Hans Kung, pelo poder de influência que ainda possuem, as grandes religiões são capazes de fomentar e dinamizar novos princípios e valores éticos. Para isso, é necessário buscar um consenso mínimo, sustentado no diálogo e no respeito mútuo. Levando em consideração a análise feita por Gilles Lipovetsky e a proposta ética ecumênica de Hans Kung, esta dissertação se propõe apresentar a mensagem cristã como uma autêntica proposta ética, capaz de dar uma significativa contribuição à humanidade nestes tempos de vulnerabilidade. Acreditamos que a Boa Nova do Evangelho se reveste de uma significativa preocupação com a dignidade humana e com a vida em todas as suas manifestações, oferecendo as bases fundamentais para edificar um mundo mais justo e mais humano.
For a ethics more human - A reflection upon postmodernity ethical references and the ethical proposition of the Christian message presentes the postmodern society at times of constant technical-scientific evolution, the hypermodernity. Being subjected by constant technical-scientific evolution, postmodern society has achieved its summit. According to Gilles Lipovetsky, we have reached hypermodernity, in which the human-social manifestations take on a particular configuration, consequence of an intense process of personalization. This society characterizes itself by frequent innovations which don t always yield the pretended purpose. Many of its achievements are responsible for flagrant shortage of ethical values and principles, indifferent subjectivism and a generalized symptom of existential emptiness. While getting more vigorous, the irresponsible individualism becomes a real threat to human survival. This situation questions e dares everyone, revealing the urgency of new behavioral references that could stimulate new relationships and human attitudes, more solidary and responsible. As stated by Hans Kung, through the power of influence that they still possess, major religions are able to promote and stimulate novel ethical values and principles. Therefore, it is necessary to search for a minimum consensus, based on dialog and mutual respect. Reflecting upon the analysis accomplished by Gilles Lipovetsky and the ecumenical ethical proposition of Hans Kung, the present dissertation means to present the Christian message as an authentic ethical proposition, capable of bestowing a significant contribution to humanity in such vulnerable times. It is believed that Gospel s Good News overlays itself with significant worry towards human dignity and life in all its manifestations, offering the fundamental basis to build a more fair and human world.
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Wolmarans, Janneke. "The effect of core ethical values on ethical leadership, organisational justice, ethical climate and leader effectiveness." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86357.
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Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study arose from a high need to determine the factors contributing to leader effectiveness in South African organisations by identifying the determinants thereof. The purpose of the study furthermore was to identify the determinants of unethical and counterproductive behaviours in the workplace. There is a belief that leaders should set aside ethical standards to succeed in the rough-and-tumble world of business. In contrast, evidence has revealed that ethical leaders can frequently be seen as more effective in organisations. Since the purpose of this study was to examine factors contributing to perceived leader effectiveness within South African organisations, the relationship between perceived effective leadership, ethical climate, organisational justice, ethical leadership and core ethical values was investigated. The aim was to provide further theoretical and empirical evidence that effective ethical leadership can be realised through instilling an ethical organisational climate in which integrity, altruism and fairness are exhibited and encouraged. A theoretical model was developed to explain the structural relationships between the latent variables and effective leadership within organisations. Substantive hypotheses were formulated in order to determine the validity of the propositions made in the literature review, with the objective of testing the proposed ethical climate structural model. The sample was selected from of employees of a large retail company mainly situated in the Western Cape but with branches all over South Africa and in the rest of Africa. The selection consisted of 224 first-line and middle management employees. Each of the respondents completed the Leader Effectiveness Questionnaire (LEQ), the Ethical Climate Scale (ECS), the Justice Scale, the Leadership of Ethics Scale (LES), the Revised Behavioural Integrity Scale (BIS-R) and Langley’s Value Scale. The hypotheses and the structural model were empirically tested using various statistical methods. Reliability analysis was completed on all the measurement scales and satisfactory reliability was found. The content and structure of the measured constructs were examined by means of confirmatory factor analysis and the results indicated that good fit was achieved for all the refined measurement models. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was subsequently used to determine the extent to which the conceptual model fitted the data obtained from the sample and to test the relationships between the constructs. The results revealed that integrity and altruism have a direct and positive influence on ethical leadership. Support furthermore was found for the influence of ethical climate on leader effectiveness. The results however indicated that support could not be found for the relationship between organisational justice and leader effectiveness. Conversely, it was found that ethical leadership has a direct and positive influence on leader effectiveness. In addition, organisational justice also exhibited a positive influence on ethical climate. On the other hand, ethical leadership did not have a positive influence on ethical climate. Finally, support was found for the influence of ethical leadership on organisational justice. Final conclusions were drawn from the results obtained and recommendations for future research are made.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie het ontstaan uit ‘n dringende behoefte om die faktore wat bydra tot leier-doeltreffendheid in Suid-Afrikaanse organisasies te bepaal, deur die determinante daarvan te identifiseer. Verder was die doel van die studie om die determinante van onetiese en teenproduktiewe gedrag in die werkplek te identifiseer. Daar is ʼn bewering dat leiers hul etiese standaarde eenkant toe moet skuif om in die hedendaagse besigheidswêreld suksesvol te wees. In teendeel is dit egter bewys dat etiese leiers in organisasies dikwels as meer effektief beskou kan word. Met die doel van hierdie studie om die faktore te bestudeer wat bydra tot waargenome leier doeltreffendheid in Suid-Afrikaanse organisasies, is die verwantskap tussen waargenome leier doeltreffendheid, etiese klimaat, organisatoriese geregtigheid, etiese leierskap en kern etiese waardes in hierdie studie ondersoek. Die studie het gepoog om addisionele teoretiese en empiriese bewyse te lewer dat etiese leiers die persepsie van doeltreffende leierskap indirek kan beïnvloed deur die skep van ‘n etiese organisasieklimaat waarin integriteit, altruisme en billikheid ten toon gestel en bevorder word. ‘n Teoretiese model is ontwikkel om die strukturele verwantskappe tussen die latente veranderlikes en doeltreffende leierskap in organisasies te verklaar. Substantiewe hypotheses is geformuleer om sodoende die geldigheid van die voorspellings uit die literatuurstudie te bepaal. Die doel hiervan was om die voorgestelde etiese klimaat strukturele model te toets. Die steekproef het bestaan uit werknemers van ‘n groot kleinhandel maatskappy wat hoofsaaklik in die Wes-Kaap geleë is, maar takke regoor Suid-Afrika en in die res van Afrika het. Die steekproef is saamgestel uit 224 eerste-vlak en middel-bestuur werknemers. Elke respondent het die Leader Effectiveness Questionnaire (LEQ), die Ethical Climate Scale (ECS), die Organisational Justice Scale, die Leader of Ethics Scale (LES), die Revised Behavioural Integrity Survey (BIS-R) en die Altruism Scale ingevul. Die hipoteses en die strukturele model is empiries getoets met behulp van verskeie statistiese metodes. Betroubaarheidanalise is op al die metingskale uitgevoer en bevredigende betroubaarheid is gevind. Die inhoud en struktuur van die gemete konstrukte is deur middel van bevestigende faktor-ontledings ondersoek en die resultate het aangedui dat integriteit en altruisme ‘n direkte en positiewe invloed op etiese leierskap het. Ondersteuning is ook gevind vir die invloed van etiese klimaat op leier doeltreffendheid. Die resultate het egter aangedui dat ondersteuning nie vir die verband tussen organisatoriese geregtigheid en leier doeltreffendheid nie gevind kon word. Daarteenoor is daar gevind dat etiese leierskap ‘n direkte en positiewe invloed op leier doeltreffendheid het. Boonop het organisatoriese geregtigheid ook ‘n positiewe invloed op etiese klimaat getoon. Daarteenoor het etiese leierskap nie ‘n positiewe invloed op etiese klimaat gehad nie. Laastens is ondersteuning gevind vir die invloed wat etiese leierskap op organisatoriese geregtigheid het. Finale gevolgtrekkings is afgelei van die resultate wat verkry is en aanbevelings is vir toekomstige navorsing gemaak.
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Fraser, Veronique. "Ethical theory and ethical analysis tools in humanitarian healthcare aid." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123072.
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It is increasingly recognized that because humanitarian healthcare workers are trusted to provide support and assistance to vulnerable groups and populations, they have a fiduciary responsibility rendering it important for them to be explicit and thoughtful about how and why they make ethical choices. This thesis explores the ethics of humanitarian healthcare aid and examines how health care professionals can best engage with these issues, from the realm of ideal ethical theory, to the realm of applied ethical analysis tools. It begins with a brief introduction outlining important elements in the history, ideology and ethics of humanitarian healthcare aid. The second chapter provides an overview of how ethical theory, notably: deontology, consequentialism and virtue ethics, underlies and informs humanitarian healthcare aid responses. I argue that familiarity with ethical theory improves moral clarity and enhances ethical deliberation. The realm of ideal ethical theory is at times abstract and so ethical analysis tools have been developed to assist clinicians in day-to-day ethical deliberation. Many argue that ethical analysis tools facilitate more comprehensive and systematic deliberation of ethical issues arising in a variety of healthcare contexts. However, the strengths and limitations of these tools have received little scrutiny or empirical investigation. Chapter three, provides an analysis of the strengths and limitations of analysis tools, and proposes questions for further research and development in four key areas: for what purpose is the tool developed, who is it designed for, when should tools be used, and what is the structure of the tool? I argue that responding to these questions is a requisite step if ethics analysis tools are to continue to be developed and published. Chapter four unites themes from Chapters two and three by presenting a research study investigating the usefulness of a humanitarian healthcare ethical analysis tool (HHEAT) designed to assist humanitarians in the field. Participants in this study were unanimous that the HHEAT helped ensure comprehensive and more organized ethical deliberation, and expressed a preference for a shorter, more concise tool. This study is notable in presenting one of the few attempts to empirically investigate the usefulness of an ethics analysis tool. Based on participant feedback, the HHEAT was shortened and an accompanying handbook was developed. In Chapter five, I conclude that ethical theory and applied analysis tools present mutually reinforcing approaches to ethical deliberation. When used in tandem, each has the potential to enhance ethical deliberation, analysis and justification, which are essential to humanitarian healthcare practice.On reconnaît de plus en plus que les travailleurs humanitaires, auxquels on fait confiance pour fournir soutien et assistance aux populations et groupes vulnérables, ont une responsabilité fiduciaire et qu'il est important pour eux d'être explicites et réfléchis sur le comment et le pourquoi lorsqu'ils font des choix éthiques. Cette thèse explore l'éthique de l'aide humanitaire et examine quelle est la meilleure façon de traiter de ces questions à partir du domaine de la théorie éthique idéale et du domaine de l'éthique appliquée et des outils d'analyse éthique. La thèse débute avec une brève introduction exposant des éléments importants dans l'histoire, l'idéologie et l'éthique de l'aide humanitaire. Le deuxième chapitre donne un aperçu sur la façon dont la théorie éthique, notamment, la déontologie, le conséquentialisme et l'éthique de la vertu, sous-tend et façonne les réponses humanitaires. Je soutiens qu'une connaissance de la théorie éthique améliore la clarté morale et la délibération éthique. Toutefois, le domaine de la théorie éthique idéale est parfois abstrait et des outils d'analyse éthique ont été développés pour aider les cliniciens dans la délibération éthique quotidienne. Beaucoup soutiennent que les outils d'analyse éthique facilitent une délibération plus complète et plus systématique des problèmes éthiques qui se posent dans une variété de contextes de soins. Cependant, la force et les limites de ces outils n'ont pas été examinées ou validées empiriquement. Dans le chapitre 3, une analyse des points forts et des limites des outils de l'analyse est présentée et des questions pour de futurs projets de recherche sont proposées dans quatre domaines clés: Dans quel but l'outil est-il développé? A qui est-il destiné? Quand ces outils devraient-ils être utilisés? Et quelle est la structure de l'outil? Je soutiens que la réponse à ces questions est une étape indispensable si l'on veut continuer à développer et à publier des outils d'analyse éthique. Le chapitre 4 fait le lien entre les thèmes des chapitres 2 et 3 en présentant le développement et le raffinement d'un outil d'analyse éthique humanitaire (HHEAT) conçu pour aider les travailleurs humanitaires sur le terrain. De façon unanime, les participants à cette étude ont trouvé que le HHEAT a été utile pour assurer une délibération éthique complète et mieux organisée. Ils ont exprimés une préférence pour un outil plus court, plus concis. Cette étude est remarquable car elle représente une des rares tentatives d'investigation sur l'utilité d'un outil d'analyse éthique. En réponse aux commentaires des participants, le HHEAT a été abrégé et un manuel d'accompagnement développé. Dans le chapitre 5, je conclus que l'éthique théorique et les outils d'éthique appliquée présentent des approches qui se renforcent mutuellement dans la délibération éthique. Utilisées en tandem, ces approches ont le potentiel d'améliorer la délibération éthique, l'analyse et la justification qui sont essentiels à la pratique des soins humanitaires.
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Milligan, Eleanor. "Enhancing ethical practice in prenatal screening : facilitating women's ethical choices." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/17790/1/Eleanor_Milligan_Thesis.pdf.
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Informed consent, based on patient autonomy, is seen as necessary if medical interventions are to be seen as legally and ethically acceptable. While 'informed consent' protocols within antenatal care, including prenatal screening regimes are presumed to be robust, emerging research outside of Australia suggests most women do not adequately understand the medical purpose, limitations or potential ethical implications, such as selective termination, of the medical procedures 'consented' to. While the consent given in these situations may well fulfil the minimal legal criteria for informed consent, the required level of knowledge and understanding necessary to meet the ethical standards informed or understood consent often appears not be met. The presumption that legally informed consent equates to morally informed consent inherent within institutional protocols for screening must therefore be questioned, and the ethical integrity of these increasingly routine interventions demand further scrutiny.
The purpose of this research was to explore whether the problems identified in research overseas might also exist locally. Underpinned by a phenomenological philosophical approach to understanding the ethical dimensions of clinical practice, the research sought to engage with a small cohort of mothers and practitioners locally. The study adopted a qualitative narrative methodology, analysing individual in-depth interviews using the Listening Guide (Gilligan et al, 2003). The experiences of mothers and health practitioners interviewed exposed a range of institutional, social, personal and philosophical constraints that mirrored the overseas research findings and also illuminated how informed consent may be unintentionally undermined in the clinical setting.
A positive outcome of the study was that it provided a locally informed and contextually sensitive basis from which to strengthen existing organisational informed consent protocols and thus support women's ethical decision making. As the process of becoming 'informed' to consent is largely educational, promoting patient learning in the clinical context is an ethical imperative. However, there seems limited awareness at either the clinical or theoretical level of the critical link between patient education and ethically robust medical intervention. Hence a significant contribution of this research was to explore this underdeveloped but practically important link.
As the process of gaining informed consent has far reaching applications across a broad spectrum of medical interventions, the contextual and educational insights offered throughout this research may have significant relevance beyond the immediate context of this research.
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Milligan, Eleanor. "Enhancing ethical practice in prenatal screening : facilitating women's ethical choices." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/17790/.
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Informed consent, based on patient autonomy, is seen as necessary if medical interventions are to be seen as legally and ethically acceptable. While 'informed consent' protocols within antenatal care, including prenatal screening regimes are presumed to be robust, emerging research outside of Australia suggests most women do not adequately understand the medical purpose, limitations or potential ethical implications, such as selective termination, of the medical procedures 'consented' to. While the consent given in these situations may well fulfil the minimal legal criteria for informed consent, the required level of knowledge and understanding necessary to meet the ethical standards informed or understood consent often appears not be met. The presumption that legally informed consent equates to morally informed consent inherent within institutional protocols for screening must therefore be questioned, and the ethical integrity of these increasingly routine interventions demand further scrutiny.
The purpose of this research was to explore whether the problems identified in research overseas might also exist locally. Underpinned by a phenomenological philosophical approach to understanding the ethical dimensions of clinical practice, the research sought to engage with a small cohort of mothers and practitioners locally. The study adopted a qualitative narrative methodology, analysing individual in-depth interviews using the Listening Guide (Gilligan et al, 2003). The experiences of mothers and health practitioners interviewed exposed a range of institutional, social, personal and philosophical constraints that mirrored the overseas research findings and also illuminated how informed consent may be unintentionally undermined in the clinical setting.
A positive outcome of the study was that it provided a locally informed and contextually sensitive basis from which to strengthen existing organisational informed consent protocols and thus support women's ethical decision making. As the process of becoming 'informed' to consent is largely educational, promoting patient learning in the clinical context is an ethical imperative. However, there seems limited awareness at either the clinical or theoretical level of the critical link between patient education and ethically robust medical intervention. Hence a significant contribution of this research was to explore this underdeveloped but practically important link.
As the process of gaining informed consent has far reaching applications across a broad spectrum of medical interventions, the contextual and educational insights offered throughout this research may have significant relevance beyond the immediate context of this research.
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Li, Yan. "The effects of business ethics course on students' ethical attitudes." Thesis, University of Macau, 2006. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1677039.
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Blanton, Rebecca. "Virtual Teams and Intercultural Ethics: Preventative Measures for Ethical Dilemmas." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5605.
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This thesis examines the ethical challenges faced by technical communicators working in global virtual teams. Virtual teams usage are becoming increasingly more popular and diverse. As a result, it is valuable for technical communicators to understand and recognize the challenges that are faced within global virtual teams in order to find solutions and preventive measures for these challenges. The ethical challenges present in global virtual teams were determined by examining the literature on virtual teams and intercultural ethics and conducting a survey of practicing technical communicators who have experience in virtual teams. The purpose of the survey was to determine the ethical challenges that are present for technical communicators and how these issues were resolved. The survey results reveal valuable approaches to resolving and preventing ethical challenges in virtual teams. This thesis contributes to a better understanding of virtual teams and intercultural ethics and examines the ethical challenges that are faced by technical communicators. Furthermore, the thesis presents preventive measures for addressing ethical challenges. Finally, the thesis also provides suggestions for future research into the ethical challenges that are faced within global virtual teams, particularly those related to cultural differences.M.A.
Masters
English
Arts and Humanities
English; Technical Communications
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CHERMAN, ANDREA. "CORPORATE CODE OF ETHICS AND THE ETHICAL DECISION-MAKING PROCESS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2003. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4274@1.
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O Código de Ética Corporativa, seu modelo e orientação
ética, forma de implementação e instrumentos utilizados
para suportá-lo, inseridos no programa de gestão ética,
influenciam no comportamento ético dos stakeholders
internos e, conseqüentemente, na Tomada de Decisão Ética
nas atividades diárias da organização. Este estudo avalia
se os valores expressos no documento de ética de fato
orientam a ação prática, gerando decisões éticas na
relação
com o consumidor final. A análise dá-se pelo cruzamento
de
três perspectivas: do gestor de ética sobre o expresso no
código e os instrumentos de suporte; a percepção do
Código
de Ética pela área jurídica, responsável por intermediar o
conflito com o consumidor; e a realidade prática extraída
dos processos públicos abertos pelos consumidores nos
órgãos de defensoria. A análise foi realizada em quatro
grandes organizações, de origens e características
distintas, todas pertencentes ao Setor de Planos Privados
de Assistência à Saúde, o qual historicamente concentra
grande número de reclamações dos consumidores, uma vez
que
está concebido sobre uma base de conflitos de interesses.
O
estudo revela que as organizações que adotam instrumentos
de gestão ética, inseridos em um programa consistente,
obtêm suporte ao código de ética e legitimam a
incorporação
dos valores entre os membros da organização, resultando
positivamente na tomada de decisão ética. Aquelas
organizações que não adotam instrumentos de gestão ética
para suportar o código de ética de modo consistente, não
conseguem legitimar a conduta ética e incorporá-la no
comportamento dos funcionários, resultando na tomada de
decisão não ética.The Corporate Code of Ethics, its format and ethical orientation, implementation framework and supporting tools included in the ethics management program, have a strong influence in the internal stakeholder ethical behavior, and, consequently, it reflects on the Ethical Decision Making Process in organizational daily activities. This study evaluates whether the values expressed in the ethics document, in fact, conduct the real practice in generating ethical decisions in the relationship organization- consumers. The analysis is done crossing three perspectives: from the ethics manager, the code content, values and supporting tools; from the lawyer advisory, the perception about the code of ethics, as it is the area in charge of mediating the conflicts with consumers; and the practiced reality extracted from the public prosecuting processes opened by consumers. This analysis was carried out in four large companies, with different histories and characteristics, but all pertaining to the same sector. The Sector of Private Health Care System concentrates a large number of consumers complaints, once the sector is built on a conflict of interest basis. This study reveals that the organizations, which adopt ethics supporting tools included in a consistent program, obtain support to the code of ethics and are able to legitimate the values among the organizational members. It results positively on the ethical decision making process. Those organizations that do not adopt supporting tools in a consistent way are not able to legitimate the ethical conduct and do not incorporate it to the employees behavior, generating non-ethical decision- making.
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Hamman, J. N. (Johannes Nicolaas). "Poststructural ethics and the possibility of a general ethical theory." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51883.
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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is concerned with the possibility and characterisation of poststructural ethics and the ethics of general theories. It contains a review of selected readings on Modernity and provides a "snapshot" of an ethical system that is essentially rule based and privileges rationality. Some of the problems with such a system, such as inflexibility, tolerance based on superiority and force and the privileging of male gender is explored. It proceeds by perusing some literature on postmodernity as an open ethical system in which values are free floating and lists of rules are constantly produced and disregarded in a dizzying ethical free for all in which "anything goes". No value is considered more worthwhile than personal survival. As a starting point for reading Modernity and postmodernity together, Levinas introduces a radical perspective on ethics that can be read as a condemnation of postmodern morality. He relates an ethics in which the survival of the "other" is more important than the survival of the self. However, he does not ground the metaphysics of such a privilege in rationality or knowledge and hence does not turn it into an ethical rule, but rather, subtly shifts the responsibility for the other person to an ultimate responsibility for the Other as God. This radical responsibility is rejected by deconstruction which does not reject either postmodernity or Modernity but is an attempt to think through the limits of rule-orientated rationality, free-play and mystical metaphysics to produce an ethical awareness that has a sensitivity for the complexity of context. Through the notion of "writing", the peculiarities it displays and the objections it attracts, Derrida seeks to establish a uniquely ethical writing that is both a stable manifestation of ethics and a dynamic engagement with those subject to it. With these readings in the background the thesis attempts to provide a framework for poststructural ethics. It is an ethics based in the notion of friendship but does not ground itself in any guarantees. It re-evaluates rationality in terms of a sublime struggle for meaning and truth. This sublime struggle offers a unique perspective on political debates that strive towards responsible development for multicultural societies and also on a sociological approach to law and the ability to dispense justice without undue prejudice. The main contention of the thesis is that although poststructuralism does not suppose a grounding metaphysics in either rationality or responsibility towards God it cannot be satisfied with the self-indulgent nihilism of an "anything goes" postmodernism. Thus, it depends on the notion of a "complex system" that "self-organises" and produces limits through spontaneous connections. Through the working of deconstruction complex systems can take on a more human manifestation as friendships flourish and decay through the interaction of faces.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is gemoeid met die moontlikheid en karakterisering van poststrukturele etiek en die etiek van algemene teorië. Dit bevat In geselekteerde oorsig van Moderniteit en verskaf In "kiekie" van In etiese sisteem wat essentieël op reëls gebasseer is en rationaliteit privilegieer. Sommige probleme met so In sisteem, soos byvoorbeeld onbuigsaamheid, verdraagsaamheid gegrond in superioriteit, geweld en die privilegieering van manlikheid, word ondersoek. Die studie sit voort deur sommige literatuur oor postmoderniteit as In oop etiese sisteem onder oë te neem. So In sisteem veronderstel vryvloeiende waardes en lyste van reëls wat gedurig geproduseer en geabandoneer word in In duisligwekkende etiese vryspel wat beskryf kan word as "anything goes". Geen waarde word hoër geag as persoonlike oorlewing nie. As die beginpunt van In lesing wat Moderniteit en postmoderniteit met mekaar in verband bring verskaf Levinas In radikale perspektief op etiek wat verdoemend staan teenoor die moraliteit van postmoderniteit. Hy beskryf In etiek waarin die oorlewing van die "ander" meer belangrik geag word as die oorlewing van die self. Hy grond egter nie die metafisieka van so In voorreg in rationaliteit of kennis nie, en lê dit dus nie neer as In etiese reël nie, maar verskuif eerder op subtitle wyse verantwoordelikheid vir die ander persoon na In uiteindelike verantwoordelikheid vir die Ander as God. Laasgenoemde radikale verantwoordelikheid word deur dekonstruksie verwerp in In poging om postmoderniteit en Moderniteit saam te snoer en die limiete van reël-georiënteerde rationaliteit, vry-spel en mistiese metafisieka deur te dink. Hierdeur word 'n etiese gewaarwording geproduseer wat sensitiviteit vir die kompleksiteite van konteks vertoon. Deur die nosie van "skryf', die eienaardighede en teenkanting daaraan verbonde, is Derrida op soek na die neerlegging van In unike etiese skryf wat beide In stabille manifestasie van etiek is en 'n dinamiese betrokkenheid by die wat daaraan onderhewig staan. Met hierdie leeswerk in die agtergrond poog die tesis om 'n raamwerk vir poststrukturele etiek daar te stel. Dit is In etiek wat as basis die nosie van vriendskap aanvaar sonder om enige waarborge uit te deel. Rationaliteit word gere-evalueer in terme van In sublime stryd vir betekenis en waarheid. Hierdie sublime stryd bring 'n unieke perspektief na politieke debatte wat volhoubare ontwikkeling in multikulturele samelewings ten doel het en vir In sosiologiese benadering tot die reg en regsvaardigheid. Alhoewel poststrukturele etiek nie In metanarratief veronderstel, soos die etiek van Moderniteit, nie kan dit egter ook nie tevrede wees met die destabiliserende nihilisme van 'n "anything goes" postmodernisme nie. Poststrukturele etiek steun dus swaar op die idee van 'n "komplekse sisteem" wat self-organiseer en llrniette stel deur middel van spontane konneksievorming. Deur die werking van dekonstruksie kan so In komplekse sisteem ook in meer menslike terme verwoord word as vriendskappe wat groei en vergaan in die interaksie tussen "gesigte".
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Hanson, William Roderick. "Ethical leadership in higher education evolution of institutional ethics logic /." Connect to this title online, 2009. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1249065496/.
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Ходцева, Алла Олександрівна, Алла Александровна Ходцева, and Alla Oleksandrivna Khodtseva. "Ethical Decision Making." Thesis, TESOL Ukraine, 2000. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/63589.
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Matteson, Jason Kent. "On Ethical Thoughtfulness." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202749.
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One way to engage with ethics is in a thoughtful way. Chapter 1 shows that there is disagreement about the value of ethical thoughtfulness. Chapter 2 gives a careful account of ethical thoughtfulness in terms of four norms. Chapter 3 shows that being ethically thoughtful is possible for many of us, but is also likely to be costly. Chapter 4 argues that connections between ethical thoughtfulness and behavior do not provide compelling reasons to pursue ethical thoughtfulness. Chapter 5 argues that ethical thoughtfulness is not significant because of connections to moral epistemology, moral accountability, or moral standing. Chapter 6 argues that it is unlikely that ethical thoughtfulness is good for all humans, but that it may be a good for some people in some circumstances.
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Cronin, John Daniel. "From ethical investment to investment ethics: Towards a normative theory of investment ethics." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15979/1/John_Cronin_Thesis.pdf.
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This study explores the contemporary practice of Ethical and Socially Responsible Investment and concludes that it is based on an ad hoc construct of empirically derived principles, driven mainly by the commercial self-interest of large financial institutions and fund managers. It explores the relationship between investment and morality, to posit a background theory of investment ethics. The study then proposes
a move away from the narrow focus of ethical investment to a broader concern for investment ethics. The study introduces the discipline of investment ethics and examines the criteria that form the basis of morality in investment decisions. The resultant theory is intended to be of practical significance in the business and
investment domains and to assist potential investors to evaluate investment opportunities in the context of a consistent set of substantive normative ethical principles.
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Cronin, John Daniel. "From ethical investment to investment ethics: Towards a normative theory of investment ethics." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15979/.
Full textAbstract:
This study explores the contemporary practice of Ethical and Socially Responsible Investment and concludes that it is based on an ad hoc construct of empirically derived principles, driven mainly by the commercial self-interest of large financial institutions and fund managers. It explores the relationship between investment and morality, to posit a background theory of investment ethics. The study then proposes a move away from the narrow focus of ethical investment to a broader concern for investment ethics. The study introduces the discipline of investment ethics and examines the criteria that form the basis of morality in investment decisions. The resultant theory is intended to be of practical significance in the business and investment domains and to assist potential investors to evaluate investment opportunities in the context of a consistent set of substantive normative ethical principles.
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Vangouver, Maria. "Physician Assisted Suicide - Ethically Defendable or Not? : A Qualitative Ethical Analysis." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-77063.
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Introduction: Physician assisted suicide (PAS) is the process where the patient terminateshis/her life with the aid of a physician who provides a prescription for lethal medication thatthe patient self-administers in order to commit suicide. PAS is practiced in several countriesand is now gaining support in Sweden. The debate shows some confusion regarding thedefinition of concepts and raises several ethical concerns. Aim: To provide an empirical background and clarify concepts. To analyze the ethical arguments for and against PAS. To investigate relevant ethical differences between PAS, euthanasia and withdrawal oflife-sustaining treatment. Materials and methods: Qualitative literature study based on argumentative- and conceptualanalysis on hermeneutic ground. Materials were gathered through a literature search andconsist of scientific articles, debate articles and official materials. Results: The main ethical arguments supporting PAS are autonomy, beneficence and dignity.PAS is by supporters seen as an act of compassion, which fulfills the physician’s obligation ofnon-abandonment. Opponents emphasize that PAS goes against the duty of beneficence andnonmaleficence and fear that there may be a slippery slope where more and more people willdemand PAS. Conclusion: There is no consensus on whether PAS is considered ethically defendable or not.PAS appears to involve a conflict of interest between the principles of beneficence andautonomy. There seems to be some factual disagreements as well as different positions as tohow the ethical principles should be interpreted, and which ethical principle should be valuedthe highest.
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Bhuiyan, Anwarullah. "Ethical Challenges of Animal Biotechnology : Application of Ben Mepham's Ethical Matrix." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Centrum för tillämpad etik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-60923.
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This thesis examines whether animal biotechnology is compatible with the norms of animal welfare, environment, and public health. For this purpose, it explores two lines of ethical controversy — intrinsic argument and extrinsic argument. The intrinsic argument against biotechnology maintains that it is “objectionable in itself”. On the other hand, according to extrinsic argument animal biotechnology is ethically wrong because it has got negative consequences upon human beings, animals, and environment. However, it is also true that biotechnology (whether animal or agricultural) is one of the means of our living today. We cannot deny or oppose its usefulness all on a sudden. We need to be careful as well as critical in this regard. Therefore, it is an imperative that we select tools for making better assessment of biotechnology. In order to examine the ethical acceptability of animal biotechnology, we need to assess the impact of this technology and its potential effects upon the four interest factors: (i) consumers, (ii) farmers and financiers, (iii) treated organisms, and (iv) environment. In this regard, I have opted for Mepham’s ethical matrix, which is a practical approach for addressing broader policy issues. I think that ethical matrix is such a theory that it can incorporate the demand of science and the multidimensional complexity of it that exists today. Mepham’s ethical matrix can lead one towards rational ethical analysis and weighing and integrating potentially conflicting values in the decision-making process. At the end of this study, I have focused on the application of Mepham’s ethical matrix upon some contexts of animal biotechnology, such as bST, transgenic animal, and xenotransplantation. Finally, through the analysis, I came to the conclusion that none of the ethical tools or theories can materially represent the problems to facilitate the ethical debate about animal biotechnology.
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Patra, Jayadeep. "Ethical expertise, physician performance in ethical decision making about serious surgery." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58685.pdf.
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Kreander, Niklas. "The performance and rationale of European ethical funds : an ethical perspective." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2002. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2860/.
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This dissertation examines whether ethical investment funds are good investments in comparison with other stock market investments for individual investors. Firstly, the financial performance of ethical funds was analysed using traditional risk adjusted performance measures. Performance was first compared with market benchmarks and then in comparison with other funds using a 'matched pair' approach (Luther, Matatko and Corner 1992; Mallin, Saadouni and Briston, 1995; Gregory, Matatko and Luther, 1997). This analysis indicated that the financial performance of ethical funds was not significantly different from market benchmarks and other funds. It was therefore concluded that ethical funds were good investments financially. A second empirical study used field research to examine the policies and processes of ethical funds. Two complementary strategies for dealing with ethical issues were identified; screening and engagement. Screening involves the use of exclusionary and/or positive ethical criteria in the stock selection process. This study indicated that ethical funds had a number of processes in place to address ethical issues. These processes included ethical screening; ethical advisory committees; specialist ethical researchers and use of other organisations. In terms of the policies and processes employed by ethical funds they were "good" investments compared to other funds. This confirms previous findings that ethical funds, although not a "panacea" were an improvement over other funds and that some ethical funds engaged with firms on ethical issues (Cowton, 1999; Mills, 2000; Friedman and Miles, 2001). Finally, ethical history and Church perspectives are employed in a tentative analysis of whether ethical funds are good investments ethically (Mackenzie, 1997). This preliminary analysis made it clear that some ethical funds would not be good investments in a moral sense for certain investors.
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Bedford, Tracey Murray. "Ethical consumerism : everyday negotiations in the construction of an ethical self." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1318018/.
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Despite market research findings which assert that up to 90% of all consumers believe that ethical issues are an important consideration when purchasing products, estimates of the number of people consuming ethically with any regularity remain at around 1%. The aim of this thesis is to look at the lives and purchases of committed ethical consumers to show the complexities inherent in ethical consumerism which determine this elusive nature of ethical consumption. A series of interviews were held with ethical consumers: the first interview concentrated on the consumer's beliefs, values and biographies; the second interview took place in the consumer's home and examined contents of their food cupboards and bathrooms, as well as their cleaning products. This allowed analysis of the stories that the consumers tell about their reasons for becoming an ethical consumer, an examination of the individual's construction of an appropriate ethical position, and a questioning of the consumer's capacity and willingness to follow through their ethics in practice. At a theoretical level the thesis is situated within contemporary theories of consumption, but includes insights from social psychology and moral philosophy to allow the study of consumption to be informed by theories of ethics and action. Notions of identity and lifestyle construction have been applied and extended to enable an understanding of the consumer as an ethical self, with complex relationships to fluidity and consistency. Findings about the differences between ethics and action have highlighted the roles of pleasure, health, money, convenience, love and graciousness in consumption, whereas changes in behaviour in different mileux reveal the effect of structural and social barriers to ethical consumerism. The thesis concludes with a suggestion of the most appropriate form for geographical knowledge to take in any attempt to reunite production and consumption through a geography of commodities.
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Richmond, Kelly Ann. "Ethical Reasoning, Machiavellian Behavior, and Gender: The Impact on Accounting Students' Ethical Decision Making." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27235.
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This research is designed to gain an understanding of how accounting students respond to realistic, business ethical dilemmas. Prior research suggests that accounting students exhibit lower levels of ethical reasoning compared to other business and non-business majors. This study uses the Defining Issues Test, Version 2 (Rest, et al., 1999) to measure accounting studentsâ ethical reasoning processes. The Mach IV scale (Christie and Geis, 1970) is used to measure moral behavior. Eight ethical vignettes adapted from prior ethics studies represent realistic, business ethical scenarios.
A total of sixty-eight undergraduate accounting students are used to examine three hypotheses. Literature suggests that individuals with lower ethical reasoning levels are more likely to agree with unethical behavior. Therefore, hypothesis one investigates the relationship between ethical reasoning and ethical decision making. Literature also suggests that individuals agreeing with Machiavellian statements are more likely to agree with questionable activities. Hypothesis two investigates the relationship between Machiavellian behavior and ethical decision making. Prior gender literature suggests that gender influences ethical decision making, with females being more ethical than males. Therefore, hypothesis three examines whether female accounting students agree less with questionable activities compared to males.
Results indicate that ethical reasoning is significantly correlated with studentsâ ethical ratings on the business vignettes. Similarly, Machiavellian behavior is significantly correlated with studentsâ ethical ratings. Consistent with prior gender literature, females agree less with questionable activities compared to male accounting students.Ph. D.
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Nagel, Saskia K. "Ethics and the neurosciences ethical and social consequences of neuroscientific progress." Paderborn Mentis, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1001079248/04.
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Laaksoharju, Mikael. "Ethicking - Dealing with Ethics : Can Micro World Simulations Stimulate Ethical Competence." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-88725.
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Ethical competence is becoming increasingly important in a world that is progressing faster for every day. Every day technological progress raises new questions and considerations with ethical implications; medical breakthroughs, globalization, automation, imminent environmental breakdown and war against terrorism are all examples of matters that come along with this type of considerations. In this thesis a theoretical framework for acquiring ethical competence is suggested, leaning mainly on the work of Piaget and Kohlberg. This framework attempts to show that autonomy is a necessary attitude to achieve true ethical competence. Based on this framework, a prototype of a freely configurable micro world simulator has been developed, a simulator that is intended for both training and measuring ethical competence. In order to trigger and stimulate this ability, the user is urged to play the role of law and legislate in order to solve the conflicts with ethical implications that arise in the micro world. The measuring of ethical competence is done by identifying and quantifying the symptoms of autonomy as they have been suggested in the framework.
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Battle, Michael. "The ethics of heaven the concept of heaven in ethical thought /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 1990. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p051-0050.
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Tusinski, Kati Ann. "The ethics of lobbying : examining criteria for ethical public relations advocacy /." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2006. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3224126.
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Higgs, Joycelin R. "An examination of acquisition ethical dilemmas: case studies for ethics training." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/7456.
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As a skill, ethical decision making requires cultivation through training and practice. However, for Department of Defense acquisition employees, ehtical training has been more of an orientation to legal requirements and restrictions, than as a guidance f
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Cooper, Thomas J. "Ethical theory and business ethics : the search for a new model." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390031.
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O'Donnell, Daniel Patrick. "Exploration of Positive Ethics Factors and Associations With Ethical Decision Making." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1420970900.
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McAlpine, Heather F. N. "Ethical reasoning of practising nurses: Does ethics education make a difference?" Thesis, McAlpine, Heather F.N. (1998) Ethical reasoning of practising nurses: Does ethics education make a difference? PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1998. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/50478/.
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Before researchers or educators can examine the effectiveness of various approaches to professional ethics education, there is need for reliable and valid tools to assess practitioners’ ethical reasoning. Instruments used in the past to measure moral reasoning of nurses have proven problematic. Empirical evidence indicates that moral development and ethical reasoning are complex, multidimensional processes. As such, they present a severe test to theory and instrument development.
This study’s overall intent was to ascertain the ethical reasoning of practising nurses in response to a practice dilemma, and whether that reasoning was affected by an ethics education course. The study was divided into two interlinked phases. Phase One focused on the development and pilot testing of an instrument, the Ethical Reasoning Tool (ERT), to measure unprompted ethical reasoning of nurses as demonstrated in written responses to a case study. Phase Two involved use of the ERT to ascertain nurses’ ethical reasoning before (pre-test) and following (post-test) an ethics course. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to explore specific questions guiding each of the study’s two phases.
The instrument’s theoretical framework (and the content of the educational intervention) represented integration and synthesis of an extensive body of interdisciplinary theory and research. The ERT’s design was rooted in the hypotheses that there are levels of professional ethical reasoning, and key influential factors/components involved in nursing contemplation of ethical issues.
Participants of Phases One (n=30) and Two (n=41) were enrolled in a required ethics course in a university nursing programme. Results of quantitative and qualitative analyses in both phases found traditional/unreflective ethical reasoning, as measured by the ERT, to be the norm in pre-test responses. Statistically significant changes in reasoning were found in quantitative analyses of post-test results. No significant differences in ethical reasoning were found according to demographic variables of age, years of nursing experience. previous ethics education exposure, or level on the career structure.
The ERT was found to meet pre-set criteria for content and construct validity, demonstrated inter-rater reliability, and demonstrated internal consistency reliability as measured by a standardised Cronbach’s Coefficient Alpha of .84 at pre-test and .91 at post-test. Thematic analysis of respondent written pre and post-test responses supported the accuracy of the ERT’s hypothesised components and levels of nurses’ ethical reasoning. Respondents’ written data concerning their own pre and post-test responses indicated perceptions of significant differences in reasoning which they attributed to the ethics course. The ERT demonstrates a promising way to measure professional responses to ethical issues. Further research is required to demonstrate validity and reliability.
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Bartlett, Lucinda. "Ethical business : an ethnography of ethics and multiplicity in commercial settings." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:778f42c8-4b9b-493e-9ae5-631f4cdbb3fc.
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This thesis is a study of ethics and multiplicity as found within contemporary commercial settings. Drawing on Science and Technology Studies (STS) sensibilities and ethnographic-style research, the thesis proposes that current ethical phenomena should be understood as a user-enacted chimerical object: an object that is multiple in its ontology and as much enacted by what it is, as what it is not. This research is particularly pertinent now because the term 'ethical' has become commonplace in modern Western life, including crucially within commercial activities. In certain uses, doing ethics becomes synonymous with doing business. Despite the increasing prevalence of what is considered 'ethical business', the exploration of how the term is appropriated and enacted remains largely under-examined. Through examination of research material gathered during extensive ethnographic studies in three self-avowedly 'ethical organisations' - an ethical start-up, an ethical confectionery company, and an ethical consultancy - the thesis addresses this research gap. By focusing on the users of ethical business, the investigation questions traditional market assumptions of homogeneity within producing organisations, the supposed linear transfer of ethical knowledge, what we can know about 'users', and the genesis of novel ethical realities. Through this questioning the thesis provides new insights on the ethical object. The thesis additionally builds upon questions of how far we can push the boundaries of what we can know about knowledge, and whether it is possible to bring the mess of investigation back into the reporting. Developing previous applications of constitutive reflexivity, the research symmetrically investigates the appropriateness of my application of STS sensibilities to ethical business as a new research area, and interrogates my thesis as an ethical object in order to address the underlying question(s) of whether 'STS means ethical business?'
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Reid, Ronald. "Graded absolutism a biblical examination /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1990. http://www.tren.com.
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Rusthoven, James Jacob. "A Christian covenantal ethical model for biomedical ethics : an alternative to principles-based ethics." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.550308.
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Biomedical ethics has been dominated for over three decades by the central principles of autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. These form the pillars of the principles- based ethical framework developed and promoted by Tom Beauchamp and James Childress. Despite its dominance, this framework for bioethical thinking, discourse, and decision-making has been widely criticized by bioethicists from many belief traditions. Such criticism has often focused on its minimalist preoccupation with procedural clarity, its lack of moral content, and its inattentiveness to relational aspects of biomedical ethics. For Christian bioethicists, its lack of grounding in Scripture and in the relationship between God and humankind are particularly problematic. Some Christian ethicists have suggested that the biblical notion of covenant gives normative direction to medical relationships as well as extratemporal, presuppositional grounding for meaningful bioethical thinking and action. The biblical covenantal theme describes the relationship that God established with human beings at creation as one that is a common relational link for all human relationships. Just as God offered his gift of covenantal promise and binding relationship in return for obedience to him, human relationships can develop and flourish if modeled after such covenantal giving toward fellow human beings. A biblical covenantal ethic recontextualizes bioethical principles within the relationality inherent in medicine. Patient autonomy is transformed into birelational sensitivity and giving, beneficence becomes a principle of care as the core of medicine, the minimalist necessity for nonmaleficence disappears, and justice is grounded in the claim that every human being deserves selfless care as an image-bearer of God. This covenantal ethic can fulfill the search for covenantal relationships in medicine, providing deeper understanding of true beneficence by meeting the needs of other vulnerable human beings.
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Simpson-Law, Meagan. "Ethical consumption: An analysis of consumer views and ethical coffee purchasing trends." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28426.
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Fair Trade is a market-based development tool with much potential to improve the lives of small-scale, impoverished producers in the developing world; however, despite the movement's admirable goals, its effectiveness is limited. Low consumer demand is one of the most significant limitations. This thesis discusses the Fair Trade movement and the current challenges it faces---in particular, those posed by the current mainstreaming trend. Most significantly, it examines factors affecting demand for Fair Trade and other ethical trade products. Drawing on a study of coffee consumers in one rural and two urban centres in Manitoba, this thesis presents some preliminary conclusions about consumer views and ethical coffee purchasing trends. Findings suggest that ethical coffee consumption is positively associated with higher education and the ability to distinguish between different ethical certifications, and negatively assicated with distance from ethical coffee purchasing outlets. Ethical coffee purchasing behaviours also suggest that Fair Trade's mainstreaming trend may not effectively increase the demand for Fair Trade products.
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Job, Kathleen. "Local ethical review in the regulation of animal experimentation : constructing ethical science." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.659196.
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All UK establishments licensed to conduct experiments under the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 must establish an Ethical Review Process (ERP). The ERP is not required to include lay participation but this is considered to be best practice. This thesis investigates how ERPs, particularly through the inclusion of lay participants, contribute to the regulation of animal experimentation. It is based on semi-structured interviews with 20 ERP members and observations of ERP committee meetings over one year. The study describes the social practices and experience of lay members, how 'layness' is defined, and how
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Ekhäll, Susanne. "Ethical awareness in some Swedish IT-companies." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-985.
Full textAbstract:
Ethical considerations have become more important in our environment, since all humans are moral agents and we can not avoid the involvement of ethical issues in every activity that we take part in. Ethical issues are vital, and it seems that it has become a burning question. This study presents the results of a survey of how Chief Executive Officers (CEO) in five IT-companies considers and work with attitudes toward ethical issues. The survey indicated that ethics in IT-companies has much to do with relations, relations between employees, relations between company and customer, and the importance of creating long-term relationships with customers. The survey also indicated the individual view of ethics. Finally, suggestions for further examination in this area are made.
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SABERE, Ismaël, and Samed TÖZMAL. "Downsizing : The Ethical Perspective." Thesis, Linnaeus University, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-5781.
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Yeung, Kwok Wing Anthony. "Kohlberg and ethical universalism." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0028/NQ34648.pdf.
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Chrisman, Matthew T. Sayre-McCord Geoffrey. "Ethical and epistemic expressions." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,164.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006.Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 10, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Philosophy." Discipline: Philosophy; Department/School: Philosophy.
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Flores, Solís Fernando Rolyn. "Ethical hacking - RC19 201801." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/623917.
Full textAbstract:
El presente es un curso de especialidad de la carrera Ingeniería de Redes y Comunicaciones EPE, de carácter
teórico, dirigido a los estudiantes del nivel 12 de la carrera, que busca desarrollar la competencia general de
pensamiento critico nivel 3 y la competencia específica B - Capacidad para diseñar y realizar experimentos y
analizar e interpretar los datos en Ingeniería de Redes y Comunicaciones - nivel 3.
Este curso permitirá al alumno conocer los principales vectores de ataque que se despliegan sobre los sistemas a
nivel mundial, permitiéndole reconocer las vulnerabilidades, como se explotan las debilidades en los sistemas y
ayudarle a proteger los activos de las amenazas.
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Thorne, Lorraine. "Towards ethical trading space." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/7d7af840-b1b6-4382-bd5f-517fdf159fe3.
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Haddad, Lisa, and Robin A. Geiger. "Ethical Considerations in Nursing." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8519.
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