Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ethers

Academic literature on the topic 'Ethers'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Ethers"

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Kim, Yong-Hak, and Karl-Heinrich Engesser. "Degradation of Alkyl Ethers, Aralkyl Ethers, and Dibenzyl Ether by Rhodococcus sp. Strain DEE5151, Isolated from Diethyl Ether-Containing Enrichment Cultures." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 7 (July 2004): 4398–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.7.4398-4401.2004.

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ABSTRACT Twenty strains isolated from sewage sludge were found to degrade various ethers, including alkyl ethers, aralkyl ethers, and dibenzyl ether. In Rhodococcus strain DEE5151, induction of ether degradation needed substrates exhibiting at least one unsubstituted Cα-methylene moiety as the main structural prerequisite. The cleavage reaction observed with anisole, phenetole, and dibenzyl ether indicates that the initial oxidation occurs at such respective Cα positions. Diethyl ether-induced strain DEE5151 degraded dibenzyl ether via intermediately accumulated benzoic acid. Phenetole seems to be subject also to another ether-cleaving enzyme. Other strains of this group showed different enzymatic activities towards the substrate classes investigated.
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Zmysłowski, Adam, Jerzy Sitkowski, Katarzyna Bus, Katarzyna Michalska, and Arkadiusz Szterk. "Synthesis of Oxidized 3β,3′β-Disteryl Ethers and Search after High-Temperature Treatment of Sterol-Rich Samples." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 19 (September 27, 2021): 10421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910421.

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It was proven that sterols subjected to high-temperature treatment can be concatenated, which results in polymeric structures, e.g., 3β,3′β-disteryl ethers. However, it was also proven that due to increased temperature in oxygen-containing conditions, sterols can undergo various oxidation reactions. This study aimed to prove the existence and perform quantitative analysis of oxidized 3β,3′β-disteryl ethers, which could form during high-temperature treatment of sterol-rich samples. Samples were heated at 180, 200 and 220 °C for 0.5 to 4 h. Quantitative analyses of the oxidized 3β,3′β-disteryl ethers were performed with liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Additionally, to perform this analysis, the appropriate standards of all oxidized 3β,3′β-disteryl ethers were prepared. Eighteen various oxidized 3β,3′β-disteryl ethers (derivatives of 3β,3′β-dicholesteryl ether, 3β,3′β-disitosteryl ether and 3β,3′β-distigmasteryl ether) were prepared. Additionally, the influence of metal compounds on the mechanism of ether formation at high temperatures was investigated.
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Dachavaram, Soma Shekar, Narsimha R. Penthala, Julie L. Calahan, Eric J. Munson, and Peter A. Crooks. "Highly sulphated cellulose: a versatile, reusable and selective desilylating agent for deprotection of alcoholic TBDMS ethers." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 16, no. 33 (2018): 6057–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ob01438h.

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A mild, effcient protocol was developed for the deprotection of alcoholic TBDMS ethers using highly sulphated HS-cellulose sulphate catalyst, which selectively cleaves alcoholic TBDMS ethers in bis-TBDMS ethers containing both alcoholic and phenolic TBDMS ether moieties.
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Palanychamy, Prakas, Steven Lim, Yeow Hong Yap, and Loong Kong Leong. "Critical Review of the Various Reaction Mechanisms for Glycerol Etherification." Catalysts 12, no. 11 (November 21, 2022): 1487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12111487.

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This review provides in-depth coverage of numerous mechanisms available for the etherification process of glycerol, including alcohol solvent, olefin solvent and solvent-free routes along with products that are formed at various stages of the reaction. Mono tert-butyl glycerol ether (MTBG), di tert-butyl glycerol ether (DTBG), and tri tert-butyl glycerol ether (TTBG) are the three general ether compounds obtained through tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) etherification. Glycerol etherification with n-butanol results in the formation of glycerol ether products that are linked to the substituted butyl groups. These products include two mono-butyl glycerol ethers, two di-butyl glycerol ethers and a tri-butyl glycerol ether. Two mono-benzyl glycerol ether isomers, two di-benzyl glycerol ether isomers and tri-benzyl glycerol ether are the most reported results when benzyl alcohol is used as a solvent in the etherification reaction. The etherification of glycerol with 1-butene involves a series of equilibrium reactions to produce mono-ethers, di-ethers, and tri-ethers, whereas the etherification of glycerol with isobutene is carried out via tert-butylation of glycerol, yielding similar glycerol ether products when TBA is used as a solvent. As the by-product may be easily removed, the solvent-free glycerol etherification approach may have several advantages over the other conventional methods. Therefore, further studies on base-catalyzed glycerol etherification that employs a solvent-free reaction route may reveal a method for improving the conversion, selectivity, and yield of reaction products. This review study is crucial in improving knowledge of numerous mechanisms and how they relate to the effectiveness of the product’s catalytic process.
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Modrzakowski, Malcolm C., and William R. Finnerty. "Intermediary metabolism of Acinetobacter grown on dialkyl ethers." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 35, no. 11 (November 1, 1989): 1031–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m89-171.

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The microbial dissimilation of long-chain dialkyl ethers by Acinetobacter sp. H01-N involved a terminal methyl group oxidation of the dialkyl ether substrates, resulting in the formation of ether oxygen containing fatty acids of corresponding chain length. An internal carbon–carbon scission of the dialkyl ethers resulted in the formation of end-product ether fatty acids and corresponding dicarboxylic acids. Cellular carbon and energy were derived from the subsequent metabolism of the dicarboxylic acids. Dicarboxylic acid oxidation, activation, and identification of cellular dicarboxylic acids indicated dibasic acids as intermediates in the metabolism of dialkyl ethers.Key words: dialkyl ethers, dicarboxylic acids, fatty acids, Acinetobacter.
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Ragauskas, Arthur J., and J. B. Stothers. "13C magnetic resonance studies. 120. The Simmons–Smith reaction with some silyl enol ethers. Unusual ring expansions of some norcamphorsti." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 63, no. 11 (November 1, 1985): 2969–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v85-492.

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Unexpected difficulties with Simmons–Smith cyclopropanation of the trimethylsilyl enol ether of exo-tricyclo[3.2.1.02,4]-octan-6-one led to a reexamination of this reaction with the parent norcamphor derivative which under "concentrated" conditions gave ring-expanded allylic ethers in low yield. With the tert-butyldimethylsilyl ethers, however, the allylic product is formed in high yield in the norcamphor and exo-trimethylenenorcamphor (tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]decan-8-one) systems. The tert-butyldimethylsilyl enol ethers of bicyclo[3.2.1]octan-6-one and nopinone do not undergo ring expansion under similar conditions but the silyl ether of 3-methylenenopinol is a major product in the latter case.
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Sireesha, Reddymasu, Reddymasu Sreenivasulu, Choragudi Chandrasekhar, and Mannam Subba Rao. "A Facile, Efficient and Selective Deprotection of P - Methoxy Benzyl Ethers Using Zinc (II) Trifluoromethanesulfonate." Letters in Organic Chemistry 16, no. 12 (October 9, 2019): 955–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570178616666190222151934.

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: Deprotection is significant and conducted over mild reaction conditions, in order to restrict any more side reactions with sensitive functional groups as well as racemization or epimerization of stereo center because the protective groups are often cleaved at last stage in the synthesis. P - Methoxy benzyl (PMB) ether appears unique due to its easy introduction and removal than the other benzyl ether protecting groups. A facile, efficient and highly selective cleavage of P - methoxy benzyl ethers was reported by using 20 mole% Zinc (II) Trifluoromethanesulfonate at room temperature in acetonitrile solvent over 15-120 min. time period. To study the generality of this methodology, several PMB ethers were prepared from a variety of substrates having different protecting groups and subjected to deprotection of PMB ethers using Zn(OTf)2 in acetonitrile. In this methodology, zinc triflate cleaves only PMB ethers without affecting acid sensitivity, base sensitivity and also chiral epoxide groups.
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Mireles, Raul, Joaquin Ramirez-Ramirez, Miguel Alcalde, and Marcela Ayala. "Ether Oxidation by an Evolved Fungal Heme-Peroxygenase: Insights into Substrate Recognition and Reactivity." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 8 (July 28, 2021): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7080608.

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Ethers can be found in the environment as structural, active or even pollutant molecules, although their degradation is not efficient under environmental conditions. Fungal unspecific heme-peroxygenases (UPO were reported to degrade low-molecular-weight ethers through an H2O2-dependent oxidative cleavage mechanism. Here, we report the oxidation of a series of structurally related aromatic ethers, catalyzed by a laboratory-evolved UPO (PaDa-I) aimed at elucidating the factors influencing this unusual biochemical reaction. Although some of the studied ethers were substrates of the enzyme, they were not efficiently transformed and, as a consequence, secondary reactions (such as the dismutation of H2O2 through catalase-like activity and suicide enzyme inactivation) became significant, affecting the oxidation efficiency. The set of reactions that compete during UPO-catalyzed ether oxidation were identified and quantified, in order to find favorable conditions that promote ether oxidation over the secondary reactions.
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Ghosh, Arun, Anthony Tomaine, and Kelsey Cantwell. "Lewis Acid Mediated Cyclizations: Diastereoselective Synthesis of Six- to Eight-Membered Substituted Cyclic Ethers." Synthesis 49, no. 18 (July 25, 2017): 4229–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1589054.

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Cyclic ethers are widely abundant in natural products. Cyclic ether templates are also utilized in drug design and medicinal chemistry. Although the synthetic processes for this class of compounds have been studied extensively with respect to five- and six-membered rings, medium-sized cyclic ethers are synthetically more challenging due to a variety of factors. Herein, we report our results on the Lewis acid catalyzed synthesis of medium-sized cyclic ethers in a diastereoselective manner.
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Verevkin, Sergey P., and Aleksandra A. Zhabina. "Platform Chemicals from Ethylene Glycol and Isobutene: Thermodynamics “Pays” for Biomass Valorisation and Acquires “Cashback”." Chemistry 5, no. 2 (May 9, 2023): 1171–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemistry5020079.

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Ethylene glycol (EG) produced from biomass is a promising candidate for several new applications. In this paper, EG derivatives such as mono- and di-tert-butyl ethers are considered. However, accurate thermodynamic data are essential to optimise the technology of the direct tert-butyl ether EG synthesis reaction or reverse process isobutene release. The aim of this work is to measure the vapour pressures and combustion energies for these ethers and determine the vaporisation enthalpies and enthalpies of formation from these measurements. Methods based on the First and Second Law of Thermodynamics were combined to discover the reliable thermodynamics of ether synthesis reactions. The thermochemical data for ethylene glycol tert-butyl ethers were validated using structure–property correlations and quantum chemical calculations. The literature results of the equilibrium study of alkylation of EG with isobutene were evaluated and the thermodynamic functions of ethylene glycol tert-butyl ethers were derived. The energetics of alkylation determined according to the “First Law” and the “Second Law” methods agree very well. Some interesting aspects related to the entropy of ethylene glycol tert-butyl ethers were also revealed and discussed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ethers"

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Huang, Zilin. "Synthesis and Complexation Studies of Novel Functionalized Crown Ethers and Azacrown Ethers." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5593/.

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Novel cage-functionalized azacrown ethers, i.e. 51, 52, 53, 55, 57, 61 and 62, which have various crown cavity and different number of nitrogen atoms incorporated, have been prepared. X-ray structures of 53, 55 and 57 have been obtained for the study of the crown topological structure. The complexation properties of crown 51, 52, 57, 61 and 62 have been evaluated via alkali metal picrate extraction, silver picrate extraction and ESI-MS study. The novel cage-fuctionalized azacrown ethers generally exhibit high avidity and selectivity towards Ag+ versus alkali metal ions and some transition metals i.e. Cu2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Pb2+. Crown 61 displays significant avidity and selectivity toward K+ in alkali metal picrate extraction experiments vis-à-vis the remaining alkali metal picrates. Three types of ditopic ion-exchange receptors for sodium hydroxide extraction study have been designed. All of the crown ether molecules have proper cavity for selective sodium complexation and have weakly acidic ionizable alcohols for sodium-proton exchange under strongly basic conditions. Crown 80 and 81 were synthesized; key intermediates for the synthesis of crown 82, 83 and 84 have been prepared. The preparation of 99 afforded an unexpected crown 103. The preparation of 109 had been attempted, but could not be successfully isolated. Four novel cage-functionalized calix[4]arene crown-5, i.e. 113-116, have been synthesized. The structures of 113 and 116 have been established by X-ray crystal structural analysis and NMR spectral analysis. The complexation properties of the four ionic receptors have been studied via alkali metal picrate extraction experiments. Crown 115 and 116 display more than modest avidity toward alkali metal ions and are most selective toward K+ vis-à-vis 113 and 114.
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Welsh, Gwendolyn L. "Polybrominated diphenyl ethers." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1216928488.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Cincinnati, 2008.
Advisors: Jodi Shann PhD (Committee Chair), Brian Kinkle PhD (Committee Member), Anne Vonderheide PhD (Committee Member), Stacy Pfaller PhD (Committee Member) Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Oct. 5, 2008). Includes abstract. Keywords: Brominated Flame Retardants; PBDE; GC-MS; Soil Sorption; Bioavailability; GC-ECD; Microbial Degradation Includes bibliographical references.
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Lousenberg, Robert Daniel. "Synthesis of trifluorovinyl ethers." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq29227.pdf.

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Rico, Joseph G. "Directed lithiations of enol ethers : stereoselective synthesis and reactions of substituted enol ethers." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/27166.

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Yassin-Hussan, Saad. "Photolyse des ethers aromatiques halogenes : bromo phenetole, paradibromo phenetole, parabromo phenetole, parabromodiphenyl ether." Toulon, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOUL0004.

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Nous avons etudie la photolyse, par rayonnement ultra-violet, de quatre ethers halogenes aromatiques (bromophenetole, parabromophenetole et parabromobiphenylether) dans l'acenotrile, l'eau et dans les melanges eau-acetonitrile, eau-methanol, en presence ou en absence de peroxyde d'hydrogene, compose jouant le role de photooxydant. L'irradiation ultra-violette de ces composes genere de nombreux photoproduits qui ont ete identifies, apres extraction liquide-liquide, par analyse en chromatographie liquide et gazeuse et c. P. V. Couplee a la spectrometrie de masse. Les cinetiques de photodecomposition de chaque ether aromatique halogene ont ete quantifiees. Ces travaux ont permis de preciser les processus complets de photodecomposition de chaque produit: deshalogenation, fixation de l'oxygene moleculaire par les radicaux hydrocarbones, formation et evolution photochimique des peroxydes, action des radicaux hydroxyles et du brome, ouverture du cycle aromatique avec formation d'acides carboxyliques, decomposition de ces acides avec liberation de gaz carbonique et caracterisation d'un residu, a structure macromoleculaire comparable a celle d'un acide humique. Les resultats de ces travaux permettent d'apporter une double contribution: d'abord dans le domaine de la determination des mecanismes reactionnels en chimie radicalaire, ensuite dans le domaine de la chimie appliquee au traitement, par irradiation ultra-violette, des effluents industriels contamines par les ethers halogenes aromatiques
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Starkey, Darren Paul. "The tropospheric oxidation of ethers." Thesis, University of Hull, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322331.

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Jones, D. "The synthesis of aryl ethers." Thesis, Swansea University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.637726.

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The synthesis of biaryl ethers is a process of importance in many fields within the chemical industry. Generally, the Ullmann ether synthesis is employed, though improvements in the general method have not been commonplace since the inception of the process at the turn of the century. By reinvestigating the parameters present, it was found that the use of cuprous iodide in a solventless reaction led to high yields of diaryl ethers. Further improvements were developed by the implementation of ultrasound in conjunction with lower reaction temperatures, with similarly high yields being afforded. Study was then undertaken to investigate the applicability of electrophilic bromination of various aromatic moieties. Thus, phenol, 2-methoxyphenol and aniline were examined in relation to the amount of ortho-bromination occurring with reagents such as 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin and N-bromosuccinimide in the presence of solid supports. These studies indicated that the use of solid supports, especially Amberlyst 15 and XN1010 and Montmorillonite K10 realised high degrees of bromination, though in the case of aniline the natural tendency to realise bromination in the para-position reduced the observed effectiveness of the process. By the implementation of acetyl hypobromite and N,N-dibromourethane, good para selectivity was found for the bromination of toluene in the presence of solid supports, though when applied to nitrobenzene, bromination of the straight chain alkane present at the internal standard present for gas chromatography analysis occurred. The use of molecular bromine in conjunction with solid supports such as Montmorillonite K10 led to high yields of 1-bromonaphthalene.
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Vile, Sadie. "Alpha-sulphonyl ethers in synthesis." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46595.

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Wild, Carl. "Trifluoroethyl enol ethers, dienol ethers, and acetals: an investigation of their preparations, reactivities, and synthetic applications." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54459.

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The major portion of this work details our investigation of trifluoroethoxy (TFE) substituted compounds with particular emphasis given to their preparation and possible applications. The three types of compounds studied were trifluoroethoxy substituted ketals, enol ethers, and dienol ethers. The ketal and enol ether work involved developing methodology for the large scale preparation of these structures as well as studies detailing their behavior. For the TFE ketals, preparation involved an acid-catalyzed alcohol exchange reaction. Applications included their use as non-complexing/acid-stable carbonyl protecting groups. The TFE enol ether work also involved preparation and applications studies. These structures were synthesized from propargyl ketones via a conjugate addition reaction. The applications were synthetic in nature mainly involving utilization of these compounds in cycloaddition and conjugate addition reactions. The last portion of this work involved our investigation into behavior of trifluoroethoxy substituted dienol ethers (substituted 1-trifIuoroethoxy-3-trialkylsiloxy-1,3- butadienes). Their preparation was accomplished by a method similar to that used by Danishefsky in his synthesis of the 1-methoxy analogs. The applications portion of this study focused on the use of these compounds as 4 carbon synthons in [4+2] cyclcoaddition reactions. Information gained from these studies provided insight into the effect the electron-withdrawing trifluoroethoxy group has on the reactivities of structures into which in has been incorporated.
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Landry, Denis Joseph Carleton University Dissertation Chemistry. "Approaches to the synthesis and sterochemical analysis of aza crown ethers." Ottawa, 1989.

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Books on the topic "Ethers"

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Forsyth, C. J. Ethers. Stuttgart: Thieme, 2008.

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Illing, H. P. A. Glycol ethers. London: HMSO, 1985.

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United States. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Division of Toxicology. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Atlanta, GA: Agency for Toxic Substances Disease Registry, Division of Toxicology, Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, 2004.

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Lousenberg, Robert Daniel. Synthesis of trifluorovinyl ethers. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999.

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E, Weber, Patai Saul, and Rappoport Zvi, eds. Crown ethers and analogs. Chichester: Wiley, 1989.

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Weber, Edwin, John L. Toner, Israel Goldberg, Fritz Vgtle, Dale A. Laidler, J. Fraser Stoddart, Richard A. Bartsch, and Charles L. Liotta, eds. Crown Ethers and Analogs (1989). Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470772232.

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Hall, K. R., and K. N. Marsh, eds. Densities of Esters and Ethers. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b76770.

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Michio, Hiraoka, ed. Crown ethers and analogous compounds. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1992.

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Robinson, Peter Mark. Crown ethers incorporating stable carbocations. Manchester: University of Manchester, 1994.

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Michio, Hiraoka, ed. Crown ethers and analogous components. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ethers"

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"Ethers." In Lead Optimization for Medicinal Chemists, 91–95. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527645640.ch16.

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Graedel, T. E., Donald T. Hawkins, and Larry D. Claxton. "Ethers." In Atmospheric Chemical Compounds, 221–27. Elsevier, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-091842-6.50007-3.

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Kitson, Fulton G., Barbara S. Larsen, and Charles N. McEwen. "Ethers." In Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, 117–21. Elsevier, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012483385-2/50014-2.

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"Ethers." In A Comprehensive Guide to the Hazardous Properties of Chemical Substances, 390–401. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470134955.ch18.

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"Ethers." In Lectures on Organic Chemistry, 133–36. IMPERIAL COLLEGE PRESS, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9781848160903_0009.

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Hartung, J. "Ethers." In Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine, 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-035-00024.

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DeRosa, Thomas F. "Ethers." In Advances in Synthetic Organic Chemistry and Methods Reported in US Patents, 265–71. Elsevier, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044474-1/50033-5.

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"Ethers." In Methane, 640–54. Elsevier, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-029200-7.50028-x.

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Sparkman, O. David, Zelda E. Penton, and Fulton G. Kitson. "Ethers." In Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry: A Practical Guide, 293–300. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-373628-4.00016-2.

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Anna and George Wypych. "Ethers." In Databook of Solvents, 415–36. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-895198-66-9.50014-x.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ethers"

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Narkevich, Darya, and Alena Hlushen. "Destructive activity of microorganisms in relation to glycol ethers." In 5th International Scientific Conference on Microbial Biotechnology. Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52757/imb22.25.

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Glycol ethers, especially 2-butoxyethanol (BE) and 2-ethoxyethanol (EE), have low human toxicity and are widely used as components of paints and solvents, inks, detergents, liquid soaps, hydraulic fluids, etc. [1]. The high ability of glycol ethers to dissolve in water due to their amphiphilic structure ensures their ingress and accumulation in aqueous systems. Currently, there is limited literature data on the bacterial degradation of these compounds, which makes this an urgent problem to study [2, 3]. Seventeen cultures were previously selected which showed the ability to utilize glycol esters at a concentration of 0.5%. These strains were tested for their ability to degrade glycol ethers in the concentration range from 0.1% to 3%. It was found that 2-butoxyethanol is a preferred carbon source compared to 2-ethoxyethanol. It is known that the process of degradation of complex organic substances by microorganisms often depends on the presence of calcium and iron ions in the medium, which are part of the enzyme systems involved in the processes of biodegradation of xenobiotics. In connection with this fact, we studied the utilization of glycol ethers in different mineral media containing calcium and iron ions. It was found that the presence of iron ions in the mineral medium significantly intensifies the process of degradation of toxicants in the following strains – Rhodococcus sp. VOC 5, Rhodococcus sp. VOC 14, Rhodococcus sp. VOC 8/7. The rate of glycol ester utilization by cultures of Rhodococcus sp. CLV-2, Rhodococcus sp. SCV-1, Rhodococcus sp. SCV-2 and unclassified strain JD 4.14 were independent of the presence of calcium or iron ions in the medium, which suggests their promising use for the development of a microbial preparation for glycol ester wastewater treatment. The destructive activity of the selected strains against 2-butoxyethanol was evaluated. The experiment was carried out in flasks containing tap water, iron salts and glycol ether at a concentration of 0.05% as the only carbon source. This concentration was chosen because the most common concentration of glycol ether in wastewater was 100 – 600 mg/l. As a result of these studies, it was shown that the culture of Rhodococcus sp. VOC-5 and unclassified strain JD 4.1 most actively utilize 2-butoxyethanol. During cultivation of Rhodococcus sp. VOC-5, a change in the odor of glycol ether to the odor of its putative decomposition products (aldehydes and acetates) was noted, indicating the processes of its degradation by microorganisms. The unclassified strain JD 4.1 exhibited more than 90% of its original degradation activity against 2-butoxyethanol in the test solution.
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El-Azhary, A. A., N. Al-Jallal, A. Al-Kahtani, N. Al-Badri, K. Al-Farhan, and M. Al-Qunaibit. "Structure of crown ethers." In THEORY AND APPLICATIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY: THE FIRST DECADE OF THE SECOND MILLENNIUM: International Congress TACC-2012. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4730663.

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Lys, Leonard, Arthur Micoulet, and Maria Potop-Butucaru. "Atomic Swapping Bitcoins and Ethers." In 2019 38th Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems (SRDS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/srds47363.2019.00054.

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Leppard, William R. "The Autoignition Chemistries of Octane-Enhancing Ethers and Cyclic Ethers: A Motored Engine Study." In International Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/912313.

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Neill, W. Stuart, Wallace L. Chippior, Ken Mitchell, Craig Faibridge, Rene´ Pigeon, Robert L. McCormick, and John Van Heyst. "The Influence of High Cetane Blending Components on Emissions From a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine With EGR." In ASME 2004 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2004-0887.

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The exhaust emissions form a single-cylinder version of a heavy-duty diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) were measured with eight high-cetane components blended into an ultra-low sulphur diesel base fuel. the blending components evaluated were conventional nitrate and peroxide cetane improver additives, paraffins from two sources, three ethers, and soy methyl ester. The blending components were used to increase the cetane number of a base fuel by ten numbers, from 44 to 54. Exhaust emissions were measured using the AVL eight-mode steady-state test procedure. PM and NOx emissions from the engine were fairly insensitive to ignition quality improvement by nitrate and peroxide cetane improvers. Soy methyl ester and two of the ethers, 1,4 diethoxybutane and 2-ethoxyethyl ether, significantly reduced PM emissions, but increased ONx emissions. The two paraffinic blending components reduced both PM and NOx emissions.
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Vazirova, Leyla, and Govhar Abbasova. "Sorbents Based on Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Release of Tetracyclines for Water Treatment." In 2nd International Scientific-Practical Conference "Machine Building and Energy: New Concepts and Technologies". Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-sh9pfn.

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The aim of the research was to establish and produce unfamiliar magnetic absorbents based on a commonly accessible specimen containing crown ethers via iron nanoparticles (magnetite), investigation their structural, magnetic, and absorbance properties, and analyze the possible utilization of these sorbents for the sorption and accumulation of tetracyclines. New crown complexes with biological prop ethers have been created, and the structure of the produced crown complexes has been determined using elemental analysis data from studies of these samples' IR, mass, and NMR spectra. According to the contact duration between the phases, the pH and solution's composition, the structure of tetracyclines, and their concentration, an organized research of the sorption of tetracycline on a magnetic composite with crown ethers was conducted as a component of the study. Crown ethers and Fe3O4 (CE@Fe3O4NPs) nanoparticles were produced under certain conditions, and the composites' magnetic and structural characteristics were evaluated. Tetracyclines were evaluated for their ability to bind to the nanostructures produced by CE@Fe3O4 NPs. These structures have no negative effects and remain safe for consumption. Crown ethers are currently produced using novel techniques, and new magnetic sorbents made with crown ethers and Fe3O4 nanoparticles have also been developed. It has been shown that magnetic sorbents composed of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and crown ethers have superparamagnetic characteristics. The research in consideration identifies and discusses the characteristics of tetracyclines' sorption behavior. There are several methods for concentrating tetracyclines for sorption onto a magnetic sorbent using Fe3O4 nanoparticles and crown ethers from aqueous solutions. Our research has demonstrated, using the example of produced CE@Fe3O4 NPs nanostructures, that mixing the nanotechnological approach with the methods of supramolecular chemistry offers a large adsorption effectiveness.
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Atwood, David H., and Gus Ferrara. "Vapor Lock Studies for Gasolines with Ethers." In General, Corporate & Regional Aviation Meeting & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/931233.

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Patil, Jagdish U., Pramod Nagraj Patil, and Nilesh S. Pawar. "Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Thymyl Ethers." In ECSOC-25. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-25-11747.

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Warren, Brent, Peter van der Horst, and Wayne Stewart. "Application of Amphoteric Cellulose Ethers in Drilling Fluids." In International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/80210-ms.

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Larese, F., A. Fiorito, G. Adami, and R. Bussani. "276. Skin Absorption In Vitro of Glycol Ethers." In AIHce 1999. AIHA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2763123.

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Reports on the topic "Ethers"

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Bartscherer, K. A., J. J. de Pablo, M. C. Bonnin, and J. M. Prausnitz. Purification of aqueous cellulose ethers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6084196.

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Klier, K., R. G. Herman, M. A. Johansson, and O. C. Feeley. High octane ethers from synthesis gas-derived alcohols. [Methyl isobutyl ether(MIBE) and methyl tertiary butyl ether(MTBE)]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6698177.

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Bartsch, R. Metal ion complexation by ionizable crown ethers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5483625.

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Bartsch, R. Metal ion complexation by ionizable crown ethers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6737356.

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Cochoy, Robert E., Raymond R. McGuire, and Scott A. Shackelford. One-Step Synthesis of Polynitroaliphatic Acetals and Ethers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada203510.

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Klier, K., R. G. Herman, S. DeTavernier, M. Johannson, M. Kieke, and R. D. Bastian. High octane ethers from synthesis gas-derived alcohols. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6025861.

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Klier, K., R. G. Herman, O. C. Feeley, and M. A. Johansson. High octane ethers from synthesis gas-derived alcohols. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6873548.

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Kamil Klier, Richard G. Herman, Heock-Hoi Kwon, James G. C. Shen, Qisheng Ma, Robert A. Hunsicker, Andrew P. Butler, and Scott J. Bollinger. CATALYSTS FOR HIGH CETANE ETHERS AS DIESEL FUELS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/823645.

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Kamil Klier, Richard G. Herman, James G.C. Shen, and Qisheng Ma. CATALYSTS FOR HIGH CETANE ETHERS AS DIESEL FUELS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/823646.

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Klier, K., R. G. Herman, O. C. Feeley, and M. A. Johansson. High octane ethers from synthesis gas-derived alcohols. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6557005.

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