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1
Rustomji, Paul. "Flood and drought impacts on the opening regime of a wave-dominated estuary." Marine and Freshwater Research 58, no. 12 (2007): 1108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf07079.
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Wave-dominated estuaries are affected by floods generated in their hinterland catchments as well as marine tide and wave processes. The interaction of these terrestrial and marine influences controls the opening regime of the estuary. Despite the well documented environmental pressures on estuaries including elevated nutrient loadings and abstraction of river flows, little research concerning the variability and controls on estuary mouth opening regimes exists. From water level observations of Tuross Lake estuary in south-eastern Australia, the estuary’s recent opening regime is reconstructed and shown to vary significantly over time. Floodwaters fill the estuary and scour the estuary mouth, enhancing the exchange of marine water between the estuary and the ocean, which manifests as an increased tidal range within the estuary. Between floods, tide and wave activity caused aggradation of the estuary mouth such that the tidal range within the estuary declined by 0.5–0.7 mm per day as the mouth became more constricted. Under conditions of low river flow, high evaporative losses and seasonal reductions in ocean wave height, the estuary mouth can close completely. Using twentieth century streamflow estimates, it is shown that hydrologic variability is likely to have resulted in large variations in the estuary’s opening regime. Since 2000, there have been relatively few flood-driven scour events and this explains the relatively congested state of the current estuary mouth. Predicted hydrologic changes under enhanced atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations are also likely to enhance the variability in the estuary’s opening regime.
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Rais, Aroef Hukmanan, Rupawan Rupawan, and Herlan Herlan. "HUBUNGAN KEPADATAN IKAN DENGAN KONDISI LINGKUNGAN PERAIRAN ESTUARI DI KABUPATEN BANYUASIN." Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia 23, no. 2 (November 14, 2017): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.23.2.2017.111-122.
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Estuari di wilayah Kabupaten Banyuasin dengan potensi biodiversitas sumber daya ikan yang tinggi, merupakan wilayah penangkapan yang potensial dan berkontribusi besar terhadap poduksi perikanan Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Distribusi biomassa sumber daya ikan di wilayah estuari sangat dinamis dan dipengaruhi oleh parameter salinitas dan suhu perairan pada suatu lingkungan perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi kepadatan biomassa ikan dalam hubungannya dengan kondisi lingkungan perairan di wilayah perairan estuari Kabupaten Banyuasin.Pengambilan sampel ikan dilakukan dengan percobaan penangkapan menggunakan alat tangkap trawl mini yang diopeasikan di tiga wilayah estuari yaitu Sungai Banyuasin, Sungai Musi dan Sungai Upang. Pada masing-masing wilayah estuari ditentukan sebanyak empat lokasi sampling. Frekuensi pengambilan sampel dilakukan sebanyak empat kali yaitu pada Maret, Juni, Agustus dan Oktober agar mewakili kondisi musiman.Parameter lingkungan yang dianalisa adalah salinitas, suhu perairan, kecerahan, nitrat, amoniak, total fosfat dan kelimpahan fitoplankton. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 87 spesies ikan telah teridentifikasi. Diperoleh nilai kepadatan biomassa 332,13 – 861,49 kg/km2 di estuari Upang, 590,51 – 2.235,04 kg/km2 di estuari Musi dan 1.296,4 - 33.714,88 kg/km2 di estuari Banyuasin. Spesies ubur-ubur (Aurelia aurita) mendominasi tangkapan pada Agustus hingga Oktober yang mencapai 77,22% dari biomassa total ikan dikarenakan lingkungan yang sesuai untuk keperluan pertumbuhannya. Kepadatan biomassa ikan berkorelasi positif dengan parameter salinitas dan kelimpahan fitoplankton, dan berkorelasi negatif terhadap parameter amoniak. Estuaries of Banyuasin district has a high biodiversity of fish resources and significant contribution to the fisheries production in the South Sumatera Province. The biomass distribution of fish in the estuary fluctuated and probably affected by by salinity and water temperature. This research aims to investigate the correlation between biomass density and environment condition in the estuary of Banyuasin Regency. Sampling was conducted through experimental fishing used a mini trawl that operated in three estuary areas, such as: Banyuasin Rivers, Musi Rivers, and Upang Rivers. Every estuary area was replicated for four sampling sites. Samples were collected during March, June, August and October. The waters parameters analyzed were salinity, water temperature, transparency, nitrate, ammonia, phosphate total, and phytoplankton. The results showed that about 87 species of fish have been identified. The biomass density was 332,13 – 861,49 kg/km2 in estuary Upang, 590,51 – 2.235,04 kg/km2 in estuary Musi and 1.296,4 - 33.714,88 kg/km2 in estuari Banyuasin. A jelly fish (Aurelia aurita) is dominated in August to October, up to 77.22% of total biomass. The biomass density of fish was positively correlated with salinity and phytoplankton abundance, whereas negatively correlated to ammoniac condition.
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Yuan, Li Rong, Xiang Ju Cheng, and Zhen Ren Guo. "Estuary Geometric Feature ’s Effecting on Salt-Fresh Water Mixing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 52-54 (March 2011): 448–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.52-54.448.
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A three dimensional unstructured model was established and estuaries with different cross sectional divergence rates and different bed form were designed to study the estuary geometric feature effecting on salt-fresh water mixing in estuary. The model dispersing 3d domain into unstructured triangular and/or quadrangular elements, has good flexibility to simulate complex bank. By analyzing the horizontal and longitudinal distribution attributes of velocity and salinity field, the effects of cross section divergence rate, the bottom elevation of mouth and the slope inside estuary on salt water intrusion in estuary are studied. The result could act as design basis for the engineering projects which will change estuary’s bank shape or bed form such as estuary regulation and channel dredging.
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Tuchkovenko, Yu S., О. P. Garkusha, О. M. Gryb, S. G. Gushcha, Yu М. Denha, K. S. Kalashnik, Kh О. Koieva, et al. "Results of the hydrological, hydrochemical, biological and medico-hydrobiological studies of the Kuialnyk Estuary." Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal, no. 30 (December 27, 2022): 40–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31481/uhmj.30.2022.04.
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The Kuialnyk Estuary belongs to the group of closed estuaries of the Northwestern Black Sea coast and is a unique water body of national importance with therapeutic properties. The natural territories of the Kuialnyk Estuary were declared as a resort of national importance and form a part of the Kuialnyk National Nature Park.
The purpose of the research is to introduce the results of the hydrological, hydrochemical, hydrobiological and medico-biological studies of the condition of the Kuialnyk Estuary and seawater in the Odesa Bay that were conducted in 2021 and to compare them with the results of previous years. This would help to determine the conditions under which the estuary’s natural system is functioning, to ensure preservation and restoration of its natural resources, to prevent their pollution, clogging and depletion, as well as to identify changes of the natural resources of the Kuialnyk Estuary in the context of its artificial replenishment with seawater from the Odesa Bay and varying hydro-ecological factors.
The general conclusion is as follows: replenishment of the estuary with seawater during the cold period of 2020-2021, increasing amount of atmospheric precipitation and decreasing rate of evaporation from the estuary’s water surface in 2021 raised the Kuialnyk Estuary’s water level. This led to significant improvement of the estuary’s hydro-ecological condition compared to 2020, however, because of its contamination with petroleum hydrocarbons, some toxic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, the water quality in 2021 is still assessed as satisfactory. The quality of the bottom sediments of the Kuialnyk Estuary from the environmental perspective is assessed as very poor because of their contamination with petroleum hydrocarbons, organochlorine pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The physicochemical composition of colloidal dispersions of the Kuialnyk Estuary’s peloids is barely different as compared to previous years. As per indicators of Eh (2017-2021) and pH (2020-2021), the quality of the peloids within the area used by the sanatorium did not meet the established conditions and the Medical (Balneological) Conclusion. Compared to 2020, the sanitary and microbiological condition of peloids improved in 2021, however, was still unsatisfactory. The characteristics of peloids’ biological activity during different periods of studies correlate with general mineralization fluctuations. Maintaining oil mineralization at a level not higher than 250 g/dm3 is quite important in order to preserve the unique deposit of natural healing resources of the Kuialnyk Estuary.
Therefore, solving the following problems remains a priority: reducing the mineralization of the estuary’s water via increase of the rate of clean fresh water supply from various sources instead of using salty seawater; preventing the pollution from anthropogenic sources from entering the estuary (through water runoff from the watercourses flowing into the Kuialnyk Estuary such as the chute from the sandbar, Korsuntsivska and Hildendorfska gullies and others).
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Cavalcante, Geórgenes H., David A. Feary, and Björn Kjerfve. "Effects of Tidal Range Variability and Local Morphology on Hydrodynamic Behavior and Salinity Structure in the Caeté River Estuary, North Brazil." International Journal of Oceanography 2013 (September 8, 2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/315328.
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Tidal influence and local morphology on circulation and salt transport are investigated in the Caeté river estuary, a well-mixed estuary along the north coast of Brazil. Velocity, temperature, and salinity data were collected in three different locations along the estuary’s main channel, over three single, 13 h tidal cycles. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between tidal distortion and salinity by using classical methods of comparison of three cross-channel circulation characteristics, as well as computation of salt flux and vertical mixing. Findings indicate a flood-ebb asymmetry in currents, due to the distinct funneling morphology of the estuary, with shallow marginal areas being dominant towards the estuary head, while both stratification and shear dominate near the estuary mouth. The tidal currents enhanced vertical diffusion in the mid- and lower reaches, explaining the prevailing weakly stratified conditions, while the dominant well-mixed conditions in the upper estuary are a result of a combination of stronger flood currents and negligible vertical saline gradient. The predominant downstream salt transport supports the conclusion that there is little accumulation of salt in the Caeté river estuary. In addition, findings indicate that tidal correlation and Stokes drift are important components in the upper estuary, while tidal correlation played an important role in the middle estuary, with fluvial discharge most important in the lower estuary.
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Radjawane, Ivonne Milichristi, Grahadi Pandu Mughny, and Gandhi Napitupulu. "Karakteristik Estuari di Muara Angke pada Musim Timur." Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 27, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v27i1.20679.
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Estuaries are important transitional environments between freshwater and marine ecosystems. These areas are often centers of economic activity, environmental sustainability and natural resources. In this context, this study aims to investigate the estuary characteristics of Muara Angke, particularly in terms of changes in water level, salinity, and the influence of river flow in the face of changing tidal conditions. Research on estuary characteristics in one of the Ciliwung River Estuaries was conducted on August 9-10, 2015. The research area is Muara Angke, North Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province. The measurement point consists of 11 stations starting from point A1 at the mouth of the estuary to point A11 which is the farthest station point from the estuary, with a distance of 200 m between stations. Oceanographic parameter measurements were made at 3 depths (0.2h; 0.6h and 0.8h) with 4 tidal conditions (towards the tide, tide, towards the ebb and ebb). Angke Estuary has a diurnal tidal type with a range of water levels between 0.98 m - 1.41 m and an average discharge of 7.75 m3/s during the measurement time. The results showed that the Angke Estuary has a partially mixed estuary type with salinity values at the surface increasing relatively small to the middle layer and also the bottom layer decreasing relatively small to the middle layer which indicates vertical mixing from the bottom to the surface. In addition, based on the estuary numbers ( = 0.337; = 0.279; = 0.593), there is a freshwater flow that is smaller or equal to the tidal influence. Salinity intrusion occurs as far as 2 km when conditions are towards high tide and high tide. Estuari merupakan lingkungan peralihan yang penting antara ekosistem air tawar dan laut. Daerah ini sering kali menjadi pusat kegiatan ekonomi, keberlanjutan lingkungan, dan sumber daya alam. Dalam konteks ini, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi karakteristik estuari Muara Angke, khususnya dalam hal perubahan tinggi muka air, salinitas, dan pengaruh aliran sungai dalam menghadapi perubahan kondisi pasang surut. Penelitian mengenai karakteristik estuari di salah satu Muara Sungai Ciliwung telah dilakukan pada tanggal 9-10 Agustus 2015. Daerah penelitian adalah Muara Angke, Jakarta Utara Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Titik pengukuran terdiri dari 11 stasiun mulai dari titik A1 yang berada di mulut muara sampai dengan titik A11 yang merupakan titik stasiun terjauh dari muara, dengan jarak antar stasiunnya adalah 200 m. Pengukuran parameter Oseanografi dilakukan terhadap 3 kedalaman (0,2 ; 0,6 dan 0,8 ) dengan 4 kondisi pasang surut (menuju pasang, pasang, menuju surut dan surut). Muara Angke memiliki tipe pasang surut diurnal dengan kisaran tinggi muka air antara 0,98 m – 1,41 m dan debit rata-rata sebesar 7,75 m3/s selama waktu pengukuran. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Muara Angke memiliki tipe estuari tercampur sebagian (partially mixed) dengan nilai salinitas di permukaan yang bertambah relatif kecil ke lapisan tengah dan juga lapisan dasar yang berkurang relatif kecil ke lapisan tengah yang menandakan adanya percampuran secara vertikal dari dasar ke permukaan. Selain itu berdasarkan bilangan-bilangan estuari ( = 0,337; = 0,279; = 0,593) menunjukan adanya aliran air tawar yang besarnya lebih kecil atau sama dengan pengaruh pasang surutnya. Intrusi salinitas terjadi sejauh 2 km ketika kondisi menuju pasang dan pasang.
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Al Hakim, Muhammad Abdul Ghofur, Setyo Budi Susilo, and Jonson Lumban Gaol. "DETEKSI TURBIDITY FRONT MENGGUNAKAN CITRA SATELIT SENTINEL-2 HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN OSEANOGRAFI DI ESTUARI BENGAWAN SOLO." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis 14, no. 3 (January 31, 2023): 337–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v14i3.40172.
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Estuari merupakan daerah percampuran antara massa air tawar dan air laut yang menyebabkan zat-zat di dasar perairan naik ke permukaan sehingga konsentrasi unsur hara menjadi tinggi. Penelitian mengenai pertemuan massa air estuari masih perlu dilakukan terutama terkait turbidity front estuary karena untuk mengetahui kemampuan citra Setinel-2 dalam mendeteksi turbidity front. Selama ini penelitian ini terbatas dari data in situ, oleh karena itu teknologi penginderaan jauh coba diterapkan untuk mendeteksi turbidity front estuary. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan algoritma TSS lokal dan mendeteksi turbidity front berdasarkan citra satelit Sentinel-2. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan citra Sentinel-2 untuk mengetahui batas turbidity front berdasarkan TSS yang dibandingan dengan data in situ salinitas dan TSS sebagai validasi data. Hasil penelitian ini diketahui algoritma empiris yang diperoleh dari band ratio (merah/(biru+hijau+merah)) pada Sentinel-2 memiliki hasil yang terbaik dengan koefisien korelasi (r) = 0,86. Hasil citra satelit menunjukkan bahwa turbidity front estuary terjadi pada jarak 1,6 – 2,8 km, sedangkan pada data in situ terjadi pada jarak 2 – 4 km di muara Bengawan Solo. Terdapat perbedaan nilai TSS sebesar 1,9182 mg/L antara data in situ dengan citra satelit di daerah turbidity front estuary. Kondisi musim, curah hujan dan pasang surut memengaruhi konsentrasi dan jarak turbidity front dari muara sungai.
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Nugraha, Mohammad Agung, and Tri Prartono. "Investigasi Kontaminasi Minyak Melalui Fingerprint Kimia di Estuari Muara Angke, Cimandiri dan Cilintang." Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 21, no. 1 (April 3, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v21i1.2366.
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Abstract Investigation of Oil Contamination through Chemical Fingerprint in Muara Angke Estuary, Cimandiri and Cilintang Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and hopanes are one of the biomarker components that can be used in petroleum contamination tracing. The study was conducted with the objective of assessing petroleum contamination in sediment based on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) and Hopana components in Estuari Muara Angke, Cimandiri and Cilintang. Sediment samples were collected to a depth of ± 10 cm. Sediment samples were dried by freeze-dryer then extracted and fractionated. The fractionated sample was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Estuary Muara Angke and Cimandiri showed the presence of petroleum contamination while Cilintang was not detected. Keywords : estuary, hopanes, PAH, petroleum, sediment Abstrak Polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbon (PAH) dan hopana merupakan salah satu komponen biomarker yang dapat digunakan dalam penelusuran kontaminasi petroleum. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan tujuan mengkaji kontaminasi petroleum dalam sedimen berdasarkan komponen Polisiklik Aromatik Hidrokarbon (PAH) dan Hopana di Estuari Muara Angke, Teluk Jakarta, Cimandiri-Teluk Pelabuhan Ratu dan Cilintang, Ujung Kulon. Contoh sedimen dikumpulkan hingga kedalaman ± 10 cm. Contoh sedimen dikeringkan dengan alat freeze-dryer kemudian dilakukan ekstraksi dan fraksinasi. Sampel yang telah terfraksinasi dianalisis dengan alat kromatografi gas–spektrometri massa. Estuari Muara Angke dan Cimandiri menunjukkan adanya kontaminasi petroleum sedangkan Cilintang tidak terdeteksi.Kata kunci : estuari, hopana, PAH, petroleum, sedimen
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Kushadiwijayanto, Arie Antasari, Setra Kusumardana, Ikha Safitri, Warsidah Warsidah, Mega Sari Juane Sofiana, Apriansyah Apriansyah, Yusuf Arief Nurrahman, Syarif Irwan Nurdiansyah, Sukal Minsas, and Sella Agustina. "Inisasi Eduwisata Kubu Raya Estuary Cruise Sebagai Upaya Konservasi Inklusif." Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Nusantara 5, no. 1 (February 27, 2024): 956–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.55338/jpkmn.v5i1.2692.
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Teluk Bengkolan (Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kalimantan Barat) merupakan kawasan laut semi tertutup (estuaria) serta memiliki kondisi ekosistem mangrove sangat baik dan memiliki potensi ekonomi yang sangat tinggi. Meskipun demikian, terdapat dilema yang membebani usaha peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat pesisir Teluk Bengkolan. Peran Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Tanjungpura (PSIK Untan) menjadi sangat penting dalam mengatasi dilema ini. Dan untuk mengakomodir tridharma tersebut, PSIK Untan membuat program inovasi wisata pendidikan bertajuk Pelayaran Estuari Kubu Raya (Estuary Kubu Raya Cruise) yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat melalui wisata dan upaya konservasi melalui penyadartahuan khalayak. Kegiatan Pelayaran Pendidikan ini dilakukan dengan melibatkan berbagai pihak dan dilaksanakan pada tanggal 13 – 15 Oktober 2023 di Estuari Teluk Bengkolan, Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Pihak yang terlibat dalam kegiatan ini, yaitu dosen dan mahasiswa PSIK Untan, Yayasan Webe Konservasi Ketapang, Lembaga Pengelola Hutan Desa Sugai Nibung, Pemerintah Kabupaten Kubu Raya, dan KM Arif Azam Jaya. Pelayaran yang berlangsung selama 3 hari 2 malam memberikan pengamalan belajar bagi peserta pelayaran. Manfaat dari kegiatan ini tidak hanya diperoleh peserta namun juga masyarakat Desa Sungai Nibung. Pelayaran memberi dampak pada peningkatan minat peserta dan masyarakat untuk menjaga dan mengelola lingkungan berkelanjutan serta membuka peluang peningkatan ekonomi bagi masyarakat.
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Cao, Yufen, Baoyou Zheng, Liancheng Sun, and Feng Gao. "THE RESEARCH OF REGULATION MEASURES ON BRAIDED CHANNEL IN YALU RIVER ESTUARY." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (January 31, 2011): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.posters.5.
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By analyzing nature condition of Yalu River estuary part and many domestic and overseas rivers esturary regulation experience,the regulation principles are put forward and the regulation aim is confirmed according to the requirement of west project of china. By numerical model, the regulation measures on baided channel in Yalu River Estuary have been studied. Two measures are recommended by the research.One which is single dredging way,can be as the 1st stage regulation measure;the other measure which is mixed way of regulation and dredging way,can be as the 2nd stage regulation measure.
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Rivas, Jose Luis, and Jose Pablo Villalobos. "Estuary." Callaloo 26, no. 4 (2003): 993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cal.2003.0161.
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Piccone, Samuel. "Estuary." Minnesota review 2017, no. 89 (2017): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00265667-4175857.
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Aisyah, Aisyah, Setiya Triharyuni, Eko Prianto, and Husnah Husnah. "KAJIAN RESIKO KEPITING BAKAU (Scylla serrata) DI ESTUARI MAHAKAM, KALIMANTAN TIMUR." Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia 25, no. 1 (August 2, 2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.25.1.2019.15-26.
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Kawasan estuari merupakan wilayah yang kaya akan unsur hara di daerah pantai. Perubahan ekosistem pantai, seperti terjadinya pendangkalan menyebabkan penurunan luasan mangrove. Dampak yang terjadi merupakan penyumbang bagi kerentanan sumberdaya kepiting bakau di daerah tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat resiko potensi kerentanan sumber daya kepiting bakau dan keberlanjutannya di estuari Sungai Mahakam Kalimantan Timur. Analisis kerentanan menggunakan perangkat lunak PSA (Productivity and Susceptibility Analysis). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa potensi kepiting bakau di Eestuari Mahakam mempunyai kerentanan tingkat rendah (tingkat kerentanan =1,3). Nilai produktivitas (kemampuan pulih sumber daya) menunjukan nilai yang lebih tinggi (2,1) dari pada nilai susceptabilitas (tingkat resiko sumber daya ikan terhadap aktivitas perikanan di perairan tersebut) yaitu 1,9. Dengan kondisi tersebut maka peluang keberlanjutan ketersediaan kepiting bakau di estuari Mahakam berada dalam tingkat sedang.Estuaries constitute an extremely valuable natural resource in the coastal areas. The coastal ecosystem changes such as deforestation of the estuarine caused the decrease of mangrove forestry. These impacts directly contribute to the vulnerability of mud crab resources. The purpose of this research was to determine the risk level of potential vulnerability of mangrove crab resources in the Mahakam estuary. Vulnerability analysis using Productivity and Susceptibility Analysis (PSA) software. The results showed that mangrove crabs in the Mahakam estuary were low vulnerable (vulnerability level of 1.3). Value of productivity (the ability to recover resources) higher than susceptibility (level of risk of fish resources to fisheries activities in those areas). It, means that the chances for sustainability of mangrove crab in Mahakam estuary were medium level.
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van Buuren, A., and L. Gerrits. "Understanding and managing a complex estuary: the process towards more congruence between the physical system characteristics and the management system of the Westerschelde (Netherlands)." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 5, no. 3 (June 11, 2008): 1371–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-5-1371-2008.
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Abstract. In this article, we expand on the relationship between the social processes of policymaking, management and research in the context of the Westerschelde estuary. This complex estuary system, located in Belgium and the Netherlands, has its own morphological and ecological characteristics and dynamics, and has three core functions: economically, it makes the port of Antwerp accessible; ecologically, it generates habitats for certain unique species; and in terms of safety, it prevents the hinterland from being flooded. We analyze how the social processes of policymaking, management and analysis have focused on these three aspects, and how they have affected the estuary. We proceed to develop a framework for evaluating the social system of policy-making, management and research. This framework focuses on the social system's adaptive capabilities (how it evolved in a non-linear fashion), integrative capacity (how the system's interconnectivity was taken into account), and participative competencies (how the different interests and insights regarding the estuary were absorbed). This framework was then applied to twenty years of policymaking about, management of, and research on the Westerschelde estuary. We conclude that, because of policy learning effects, policy/management and research take the estuary's self-organizing capacities into account much more than they did in the past. However, the self-referential behaviour of policymakers, managers and researchers makes it possible that an anthropocentric and technocratic approach towards managing the estuary, indicating a disconnection between the social and physical systems, could return.
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Moura, Victor Lacerda, and Luiz Drude de Lacerda. "Mercury Sources, Emissions, Distribution and Bioavailability along an Estuarine Gradient under Semiarid Conditions in Northeast Brazil." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 24 (December 19, 2022): 17092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192417092.
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In the semiarid coast of northeast Brazil, climate change and changes in land use in drainage basins affect river hydrodynamics and hydrochemistry, modifying the estuarine environment and its biogeochemistry and increasing the mobilization of mercury (Hg). This is particularly relevant to the largest semiarid-encroached basin of the region, the Jaguaribe River. Major Hg sources to the Jaguaribe estuary are solid waste disposal, sewage and shrimp farming, the latter emitting effluents directly into the estuary. Total annual emission reaches 300 kg. In that estuary, the distribution of Hg in sediment and suspended particulate matter decreases seaward, whereas dissolved Hg concentrations increase sharply seaward, suggesting higher mobilization at the marine-influenced, mangrove-dominated portion of the estuary, mostly in the dry season. Concentrations of Hg in rooted macrophytes respond to Hg concentrations in sediment, being higher in the fluvial endmember of the estuary, whereas in floating aquatic macrophytes, Hg concentrations followed dissolved Hg concentrations in water and were also higher in the dry season. Animals (fish and crustaceans) also showed higher concentrations and bioaccumulation in the marine-influenced portion of the estuary. The variability of Hg concentrations in plants and sediments agrees with continental sources of Hg. However, Hg fractionation in water and contents in the animals respond to higher Hg availability in the marine-dominated end of the estuary. The results suggest that the impact of anthropogenic sources on Hg bioavailability is modulated by regional and global environmental changes and results from a conjunction of biological, ecological and hydrological characteristics. Finally, increasing aridity due to global warming, observed in northeast Brazil, as well as in other semiarid littorals worldwide, in addition to increased water overuse, augment Hg bioavailability and environmental risk and exposure of the local biota and the tradition of human populations exploiting the estuary’s biological resources.
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Hidayah, Zainul, Minkhatul Maula, and Maulinna Kusumo Wardhani. "Pemodelan Arus dan Muatan Padatan Tersuspensi di Perairan Estuari Muara Bengawan Solo Ujung Pangkah Gresik." Buletin Oseanografi Marina 12, no. 1 (February 4, 2023): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v12i1.42322.
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Ujung Pangkah merupakan muara dari Sungai Bengawan Solo yang merupakan salah satu sungai terpanjang di Indonesia. Secara administrasi, daerah ini masuk kedalam wilayah Kecamatan Ujung Pangkah Kabupaten Gresik. Aliran Sungai Bengawan Solo yang bermuara di perairan estuari ini membawa sedimen yang terlarut dalam bentuk Muatan Padatan Tersuspensi (MPT) yang persebarannya dipengaruhi oleh pergerakan arus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola sirkulasi arus di perairan estuari Ujung Pangkah Gresik dan menganalisis pengaruh pergerakan arus dan pasang surut terhadap sebaran MPT. Simulasi model hidrodinamika digunakan pada penelitian ini dengan input data utama adalah pasang surut dan batimetri. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa model hidrodinamika yang diperoleh untuk menjelaskan pergerakan arus pasang surut dengan kecepatan berkisar antara 0,12 -0,38 m/s. Pola sebaran menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi MPT yang tinggi umumnya terjadi pada saat kondisi perairan surut, sedangkan pada saat kondisi pasang, nilai konsentrasi MPT cenderung rendah. Pada saat kondisi surut terendah, hasil simulasi menunjukkan konsentrasi MPT yang tinggi (360 - >440 mg/l) tepat di mulut sungai dan menyebar ke bagian utara muara. Sementara itu, di bagian timur dan selatan muara, konsentrasi MPT relatif lebih rendah, berkisar antara 80–240 mg/l. Model hidrodinamika yang diperoleh cukup baik untuk menjelaskan pergerakan arus dan MPT (MAPE <20%). Ujung Pangkah is the estuary of the Bengawan Solo River which is one of the longest rivers in Indonesia. Administratively, this area is included in the Ujung Pangkah District, Gresik Regency. The flow of the Bengawan Solo River into the estuary carries dissolved sediments in the form of suspended solids which distribution is influenced by current movements. This study aims to determine the pattern of current circulation in the Ujung Pangkah estuary and analyze the effect of current and tidal movements on the distribution of suspended solids. Hydrodynamic model simulation is used in this study with the main data inputs are tides and bathymetry. The results of the study explain that the hydrodynamic model explain the movement of tidal currents with velocities ranging from 0,12 to 0,38 m/s. The distribution pattern shows that high suspended solids concentrations generally occur during low tide conditions, whereas during high tide conditions, suspended solids concentrations tend to be low. At the lowest low tide, the simulation results show high suspended solids concentrations (360 to >440 mg/l) at the estuary and distributed to the northern part of the estuary. Meanwhile, in the eastern and southern parts of the estuary, suspended solids concentrations were relatively lower, ranging from 80–240 mg/l. The hydrodynamic model obtained in this study was sufficient to explain the current movement and MPT (MAPE <20%).
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Widarmanto, Nanang, Haeruddin Haeruddin, and Pujiono Wahyu Purnomo. "KEBIASAAN MAKANAN, LUAS RELUNG DAN TINGKAT TROFIK KOMUNITAS IKAN DI ESTUARI KALIWLINGI KABUPATEN BREBES." BAWAL Widya Riset Perikanan Tangkap 11, no. 2 (August 20, 2019): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.11.2.2019.69-78.
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Studi mengenai kebiasaan makanan serta tingkat trofik ikan merupakan hal penting untuk mengetahui interaksi serta aliran energi antar spesies dalam ekosistem. Informasi ini membantu dalam pengelolaan ekosistem yaitu sebagai acuan dalam mengkaji perubahan yang terjadi serta bermanfaat untuk membangun model trofik dalam pengelolaan. Estuari merupakan eskosistem dinamis yang memiliki berbagai tipe jenis ikan serta rentan mengalami perubahan akibat aktivitas manusia. Pengelolaan ekosistem estuari penting untuk menjamin keberlanjutan sumberdaya ikan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di perairan estuari Kaliwlingi Brebes pada November-Desember 2018 dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui kebiasaan makanan, luas relung dan tingkat trofik komunitas ikan pada estuari Kaliwlingi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis makanan yang dimanfaatkan komunitas ikan di kawasan tersebut adalah fitoplankton, zooplankton, tumbuhan (makrofita), molusca, insekta (serangga), annelida, ikan, udang dan detritus. Beberapa ikan memiliki luas relung yang tinggi yang mengindikasikan cenderung bersifat generalis dalam memanfaatkan sumberdaya makanan. Sebagian besar ikan pada penelitian ini termasuk dalam tingkat trofik omnivora.The study of food habit and tropic levels of fish is important for understanding interaction and energy flows among species. This information helps in management of ecosystems as reference in assessing changes that occur in ecosystems and useful for constructing trophic model. Estuary ia a dynamic ecosystem that has various types of fish and susceptible due to human activitiesEstuaries is a habitat for various fish. However, estuaries is one of the vulnerable coastal ecosystems due to human activities impact.Management for estuaries ecosystem is important to maintain fish resources sustainability. This research was conducted in Kaliwlingi estuary-Brebes district in November – Desember 2018. The aim if this research is to obtain information of food habits, niche breadth and trophic level of fish community in Kaliwlingi estuary. The results showed that the food utilized by the fishes were phytoplankton, zooplankton, plants (macrophytes), mollusc, insects, annelids, nekton (fish), shrimp and detritus. Some fishes have a broad niche breadth which indicates as generalist in utilizing food resources. The trophic level of most of the fishes found in this study is omnivorous.
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Jarrell, John. "Tranquil Estuary." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada 33, no. 8 (August 2011): 880. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1701-2163(16)34996-9.
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Howarth, Robert W. "Estuary restoration and maintenance: The national estuary program." Limnology and Oceanography 45, no. 8 (December 2000): 1889. http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.2000.45.8.1889.
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Barrett, Kirk R. "Estuary Restoration and Maintenance: The National Estuary Program." Ecological Engineering 18, no. 3 (January 2002): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8574(01)00093-3.
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Octavia, W. D., S. Supriatna, and R. Saraswati. "Estuary boundary based on waters surface salinity in cimandiri estuary and cisadane estuary, indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1089, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1089/1/012009.
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Abstract Estuary is an exclusive system and have an important role but also have vulnerabilities that can threaten life in the estuary region, so it is necessary to have knowledge of estuarine boundaries so that conservation can be maintained. This study aims to analyze the boundaries of the Cimandiri Estuary and the Cisadane Estuary based on surface water salinity, and analyze the relationship of estuarine surface water salinity with rainfall, sea surface currents and tides in the Cimandiri Estuary and Cisadane Estuary. The variables used in this study are salinity, rainfall, sea surface currents, and tides. The research method use the Cimandiri Algorithm by processing OLI Landsat 8 Imagery in 2018 and 2019. The results of this study are estuary boundaries divided into 3 estuary boundary classes specifically Mexo-oligohaline (0.5-5 ‰), Mexo-mesohaline (5-18 ‰), and Mexo-polyhaline (18-30 ‰). Cimandiri’s salinity value is strongly affected by season, then by tides and last by the currents, it is because the Cimandiri Estuary has a deep waters. Meanwhile in the Cisadane Estuary, the salinity value is strongly influenced by season, then by the currents and tides, and also influenced by freshwater from land, it is because the Cisadane Estuary has a shallow water.
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Deely, J. "The Impact of Christchurch City (New Zealand) on Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Avon-Heathcote Estuary." Water Science and Technology 28, no. 8-9 (October 1, 1993): 369–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0635.
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This paper reviews heavy metal (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) content in the clay fraction (<4 µm) of soils, suspended sediment, surface sediment, and core sediment associated with the Avon-Heathcote Estuary. Despite the estuary's low clay content (<10%), significant metal and organic matter trends are apparent in the clay fraction, which are less obvious in parallel studies of silt (4-63 µm), sand (>63 µm), and total sediment. Clay fraction depth profiles record periods of high heavy metal input in sediments deposited slowly but not in sediments deposited rapidly. Most metals, organic matter, mud, and Fe oxides accumulate in a broad anaerobic band across the western area of the estuary. Organic matter and metal concentrations are increasing towards the surface in depth profiles of this zone. This pattern combined with the increasingly eutrophic state of the estuary suggests more serious heavy metal contamination in the future.
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Taylor, C. J. L. "The zooplankton of the Forth, Scotland." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 93, no. 3-4 (1987): 377–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000006825.
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SynopsisA description of the community structure of the Forth estuary's zooplankton was obtained by sampling monthly at nine stations ranging from fresh water to fully marine conditions for an eighteen-month period. The variation in species abundance and distribution is related to environmental variables. The apparent spatial and temporal successions of members of the Acartia species complex are described, as are the episodes of predation spreading from the firth and the domination of the upper estuary by Eurytemora. It is observed that the estuary of the Forth is rare among British estuaries in its ability to support a truly pelagic self-maintaining assemblage of species.
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Zhang, Rui, Bo Hong, Lei Zhu, Wenping Gong, and Heng Zhang. "Responses of estuarine circulation to the morphological evolution in a convergent, microtidal estuary." Ocean Science 18, no. 1 (February 16, 2022): 213–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-18-213-2022.
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Abstract. The Huangmaohai estuary (HE) is a funnel-shaped microtidal estuary in the west of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) in southern China. Since China reformed and opened up in 1978, extensive human activities have occurred and greatly changed the estuary's topography and modified its hydrodynamics. In this study, we examined the morphological evolution by analyzing remote sensing data with ArcGIS tools and studied the responses of hydrodynamics to the changes in topography from 1977 to 2010 by using the Delft3D model. We took the changes in estuarine circulation during neap tides in dry seasons as an example. The results show that human reclamation caused a narrowing of the estuary, and channel dredging deepened the estuary. These human activities changed both the longitudinal and lateral estuarine circulations. The longitudinal circulation was observed to increase with the deepening and narrowing of the estuary. The lateral circulation experienced changes in both the magnitude and pattern. The momentum balance analysis shows that when the depth and width changed simultaneously, the longitudinal estuarine circulation was modulated by both the channel deepening and width reduction, in which the friction, pressure gradient force, and advection terms were altered. The analysis of the longitudinal vortex dynamics indicates that the changes in the vertical shear of the longitudinal flow, lateral salinity gradient, and vertical mixing were responsible for the change in the lateral circulation. The changes in water depth are the dominant factors affecting lateral circulation intensity. This study has implications for sediment transport and morphological evolution in estuaries heavily impacted by human interventions.
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Job, Thomas, Dan Penny, Bree Morgan, Quan Hua, Patricia Gadd, and Atun Zawadzki. "Multi-stage Holocene evolution of the River Murray Estuary, South Australia." Holocene 31, no. 1 (October 8, 2020): 50–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683620961487.
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The River Murray Estuary, South Australia exhibits a morphology typical of a wave-dominated estuary and comprises two large, shallow central basin lakes – Lakes Alexandrina and Albert. Contested interpretations of the estuary’s limnological history and uncertainty surrounding the sustainability of current basin water usage practice warrant a robust investigation into how the system has evolved. Here we combine lithostratigraphic, geochemical and sedimentological evidence from a transect of sediment cores to reconstruct the sediment infill history of the system. We uncover multiple stages of sediment infill over the history of the system, associated with (1) the low gradient morphology of the estuary and lower river channel, (2) the mid- to late-Holocene sea-level regression and (3) anthropogenic modifications to the fluvio-estuarine system. We show that while estuarine conditions in the system were fully established during the mid-Holocene highstand (~6.4 kyr BP), central basin facies sedimentation was focussed further inland before prograding with the lowering of base level and shifting of tidal influence as sea-level fell. Central basin facies sedimentation within northern Lake Albert occurred from 5.4 to 4.0 cal kyr BP at ~0.25 cm yr-1. The uppermost accumulation of this unit was eroded by continued reduction in base level until sea-level regression concluded at 3.5 cal kyr BP. Barrage and weir installation (1940 CE) re-initiated and expanded central basin facies sedimentation in the estuary (~0.32 cm yr-1). Recently deposited sediments exhibit geochemical markers of increased trophy and more frequent acid sulfate soil acidification, exposing human impacts on the estuary.
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Kidd, Sue. "Planning for Estuary Resources: The Mersey Estuary Management Plan." Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 38, no. 3 (September 1995): 435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09640569512968.
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Aguiar, A. L., A. Valle-Levinson, M. Cirano, M. Marta-Almeida, G. C. Lessa, and J. F. Paniagua-Arroyave. "Ocean-estuary exchange variability in a large tropical estuary." Continental Shelf Research 172 (January 2019): 33–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2018.11.001.
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Scott, James Calvert. "The Rising Tide of Estuary English: The Changing Nature Of Oral British Business Communication." Business Communication Quarterly 58, no. 2 (June 1995): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108056999505800208.
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Estuary English is a combination of nonregional and local southeastern English pronunciation and intonation that lies between R. P. English and London street speech and is sweeping across the United Kingdom, including its business community. This article identifies characteristics of Estuary English, documents the usage of Estuary English within the British business community, describes the milieu that causes Estuary English to be acceptable in the British business community, speculates about the future of Estuary English in the British business community, identifies the implications of Estuary English for business communicators, and discusses the implications of Estuary English for business communication teachers and consultants.
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Kronvang, K. B., and C. Christiansen. "The Paths of the Suspended Particulate Inorganic and Organic Matter in a Small Urban Estuary: The Aarhus Harbour Estuary." Hydrology Research 17, no. 1 (February 1, 1986): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.1986.0003.
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The nverine supply of suspended inorganic and organic sediment, its temporal and spatial distribution and its exchange with the bay, were estimated for an urban estuary (Aarhus Harbour Estuary, Denmark) during 1983-84. The river supplies high levels of particulate matter to the estuary. Export from the estuary averages one fifth of the river introduced particulate matter resulting in the accumulation of terrigenous material in the estuary. River discharge determines whether the high depletion of particulate matter in the upper estuary follows an exponential(flocculation) or a lineary curve (dilution). Preferential deposition of organic as opposed to inorganic matter in the upper estuary depletes the particulate matter of organic matter and associated pollutants. The estuary is divided into three depositional zones identified on the basis of sediment activity, grain-size and organic content. A sediment budget is precented for the estuary. Good agreement is shown between the actually dredged sediment quantity and the mass to sedimentation from the budget.
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Seen, Andrew, Ashley Townsend, Bonnie Atkinson, Joanna Ellison, Jennifer Harrison, and Henk Heijnis. "Determining the History and Sources of Contaminants in Sediments in the Tamar Estuary, Tasmania, Using 210Pb Dating and Stable Pb Isotope Analyses." Environmental Chemistry 1, no. 1 (2004): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en04011.
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Environmental Context.Dating estuary sediments provides insights into the materials entering the estuary and can pinpoint when the contamination occurred. Heavy metal contamination is a known health risk but attributing it to a source can be contentious. For a sample sourced downstream of a city and a mining region, lead-210 dating and stable lead isotope analyses uncovered the sources of lead inputs. These methods quantified the extent that upstream mining activities and, for the first time, the extent that non-mining inputs (vehicles, industry) contributed to the estuary’s pollution. Abstract.210Pb dating and heavy metal analyses (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) have been combined to establish an historical profile of pollutant levels in sediments in the Tamar Estuary (Tasmania, Australia) over the past century. Heavy metal profiles through the core show a strong correlation with mining activities and industrialization during the past century, reflecting catchment disturbance in one of Australia’s earliest settled areas. A source apportionment of Pb in the sediment core using stable Pb isotope ratios (204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb, 208Pb) shows that mine pollution has been contributing 10–25 mg kg–1 to Tamar Estuary sediments since the start of mining in the early 1890s, whilst non-mining inputs were not significant until post-1930 and became increasingly significant post-World War II. Since the 1950s–1960s, non-mining anthropogenic Pb inputs have become as significant as Pb from mining activities, although there does appear to be a decline in non-mining inputs during the past 20 years, which is consistent with findings elsewhere where reductions in atmospheric Pb levels have been observed and are attributed to the phasing-out of leaded gasoline. The source apportionment does, however, suggest that Pb from mine pollution at Storys and Aberfoyle Creeks continues to impact upon upper Tamar Estuary sediment quality.
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Moncada, Angelica M., Assefa M. Melesse, Jagath Vithanage, and René M. Price. "Long-Term Assessment of Surface Water Quality in a Highly Managed Estuary Basin." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (September 6, 2021): 9417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179417.
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Anthropogenic developments in coastal watersheds cause significant ecological changes to estuaries. Since estuaries respond to inputs on relatively long time scales, robust analyses of long-term data should be employed to account for seasonality, internal cycling, and climatological cycles. This study characterizes the water quality of a highly managed coastal basin, the St. Lucie Estuary Basin, FL, USA, from 1999 to 2019 to detect spatiotemporal differences in the estuary’s water quality and its tributaries. The estuary is artificially connected to Lake Okeechobee, so it receives fresh water from an external basin. Monthly water samples collected from November 1999 to October 2019 were assessed using principal component analysis, correlation analysis, and the Seasonal Kendall trend test. Nitrogen, phosphorus, color, total suspended solids, and turbidity concentrations varied seasonally and spatially. Inflows from Lake Okeechobee were characterized by high turbidity, while higher phosphorus concentrations characterized inflows from tributaries within the basin. Differences among tributaries within the basin may be attributed to flow regimes (e.g., significant releases vs. steady flow) and land use (e.g., pasture vs. row crops). Decreasing trends for orthophosphate, total phosphorus, and color and increasing trends for dissolved oxygen were found over the long term. Decreases in nutrient concentrations over time could be due to local mitigation efforts. Understanding the differences in water quality between the tributaries of the St. Lucie Estuary is essential for the overall water quality management of the estuary.
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Supiyati, Supiyati, Devi Permata Sari, Riska Ekawita, Septi Johan, and Sudirman Sudirman. "IDENTIFICATION OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS AND MIXING TYPES AT THE TRANSITIONAL SEASON I IN THE ESTUARY OF AIR MANNA REGENCY SOUTH BENGKULU." Spektra: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya 8, no. 2 (August 30, 2023): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spektra.082.05.
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The recent increase in community activity in the Air Manna Estuary of the South Bengkulu regency, will affect the physical condition of the estuary. Therefore, this research were to determine of the physical oceanographic parameters such as temperature, salinity, current velocity, tidal and the mixing type in the Air Manna estuary, South Bengkulu Regency at the transitional season I. The method used is the measurement of field data directly during high tide and low tide conditions as well as descriptive and quantitative data analysis. The results showed that the characteristics of the physical oceanographic pharameters in the Air Manna Estuary were influenced by tidal condition. The highest current speed at the mouth of the estuary is 2.6 m/s at low tide and 2.2 m/s at high tide, with the highest temperature in the upstream estuary of 27.49oC towards the sea during high tide conditions. The low salinity in the middle of the estuary of 0.99 ppt increases towards the sea with a relatively smaller distribution of salinity at low tide.The mixing type in the Air Manna Estuary is the Salt wedge estuary which has a well-certified mixing pattern, with an estuary number of 0.00019.
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Mukhopadhyay, Anirban, Rituparna Acharyya, Michał Habel, Indrajit Pal, Niloy Pramanick, Jyoti Prakash Hati, Manas Kumar Sanyal, and Tuhin Ghosh. "Upstream River Erosion vis-a-vis Sediments Variability in Hugli Estuary, India: A Geospatial Approach." Water 15, no. 7 (March 24, 2023): 1285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15071285.
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Satellite data shows that the Bhagirathi-Hugli River’s riverbank has faced severe erosion during the last decades (1990 to 2020), with the middle stretch of the river being more prone to erosion. This huge sediment load derived from upstream erosion is coming to the estuary. The suspended sediment concentration dynamics of the Hugli estuary were calculated using in-situ data and remote sensing reflectance by establishing a linear regression. A continuous huge sediment load is found in the estuarine water. The sediment concentration was higher pre-monsoon than post-monsoon as the region is highly influenced by monsoonal rainfall and runoff. The sediment concentration was also higher in the estuary’s southwestern section than in the northern part. The impact of this high sediment load contributes to the deposition. This depositional area assessment was performed using an object-based classification approach called Support Vector Machine utilizing Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix to create cluster textural indices. Despite the impact of continuous sea level rise in the estuary, the result shows that effective island and Chars areas have increased in the past decade due to the upstream erosion-driven sediments.
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WEIS, JUDITH S. "How's the estuary?" BioScience 52, no. 6 (2002): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2002)052[0462:hste]2.0.co;2.
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Korotayev, V. N. "ESTUARY-DELTAIC SYSTEMS." Geomorphology RAS, no. 3 (June 30, 2015): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15356/0435-4281-2008-3-54-65.
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Hilbert, Ernest. "Great Bay Estuary." Hopkins Review 12, no. 2 (2019): 204–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/thr.2019.0031.
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Rosewarne, David. "Pronouncing Estuary English." English Today 10, no. 4 (October 1994): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026607840000780x.
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A development of the article ‘Estuary English – tomorrow's RP?’ (ET37, Jan 94) which considers the salient features of this ‘new’ accent in terms of institutional descriptions of Received Pronunciation
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Levey, David, and Tony Harris. "Accommodating Estuary English." English Today 18, no. 3 (June 17, 2002): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078402003036.
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A study in accentual compromise.There is something in the very name Estuary English which fills certain sectors of British society with horror and fear, as if we were in the presence of a contagious and potentially devastating disease. It can provoke what John Maidment (1994:7) termed the ‘Disgusted-of-Tunbridge-Wells Syndrome’ (DTWS):“Nothing is likely to enrage DTW more than the suggestion that the standard language which he/she holds so dear, the grail of which he/she sees him/herself the guardian, is usurped by the usage of people who are NOT OUR CLASS. DTW is not going down without a fight, you may be sure.”This Times-reading, Radio 4-listening guardian of the English language, armed with pen and paper, is ready to pick up on mispronunciations, misspellings, and misusages of grammar and send in a letter of complaint, bemoaning the decline of the language.
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Waldichuk, M. "Fraser River estuary." Marine Pollution Bulletin 20, no. 8 (August 1989): 411–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(89)90322-6.
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Waldichuk, M. "Fraser river estuary." Marine Pollution Bulletin 21, no. 10 (October 1990): 489–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(90)90072-g.
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Xu, Shiyuan, Xiaojiang Gao, Min Liu, and Zhenlou Chen. "China's Yangtze estuary." Geomorphology 41, no. 2-3 (November 2001): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-555x(01)00117-9.
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Guha, Anirban, and Gregory A. Lawrence. "Estuary Classification Revisited." Journal of Physical Oceanography 43, no. 8 (August 1, 2013): 1566–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-12-0129.1.
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Abstract Studies over a period of several decades have resulted in a relatively simple set of equations describing the tidally and width-averaged balances of momentum and salt in a rectangular estuary. The authors rewrite these equations in a fully nondimensional form that yields two nondimensional variables: (i) the estuarine Froude number and (ii) a modified tidal Froude number. The latter is the product of the tidal Froude number and the square root of the estuarine aspect ratio. These two variables are used to define a prognostic estuary classification scheme, which compares favorably with published estuarine data.
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Partridge, Dixie. "Above the Estuary." Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 32, no. 1 (April 1, 1999): 157–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/45228370.
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Nowell, David. "Humber estuary conference." Marine Policy 17, no. 2 (March 1993): 137–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-597x(93)90029-3.
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Corey, Jane, and M. E. Townsend. "RIME: ESTUARY ICE." Weather 40, no. 1 (January 1985): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1477-8696.1985.tb06813.x.
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Antonio Levino de Carvalho, Marco. "UNA RIVER ESTUARY." Revista Gênero e Interdisciplinaridade 4, no. 03 (July 10, 2023): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.51249/gei.v4i03.1428.
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This article reports experiences of the elective course “ESTUÁRIO DO RIO UNA: ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIALECONOMIC ASPECT”, proposed by ETE CENTRAL BARREIROS, of the medium course, developed in the community of Abreu do Una, carried out in theperiod from February 18 to July 8, 2022, with informal conversation with residents, community teachers and elementary school students, of both sexes, where topics with some characteristics and curiosities of the Mangrove ecosystem and its components such as fauna and flora were addressed; with the aim of knowing and informing the economicandsocio-environmental importance of the mangroves, encouraging preservation, raising awareness of the benefits to maritime and human life, also promoting a reflection on the current state of conservation of the mangroves in the locality inquestion. The results of this study were: seminars, oral presentation with banner and making models.
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Knowles, Steve, and Louise Myatt-Bell. "The Severn Estuary Strategy: a consensus approach to estuary management." Ocean & Coastal Management 44, no. 1-2 (February 2001): 135–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0964-5691(01)00044-8.
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Nahak, Konsulatriks Noviyanti, Blasius Atini, and Sefrinus M. D. Kolo. "Pengaruh Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru Sains terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VII SMP Se-Kecamatan Kota Kefamenanu." Bio-Edu: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi 4, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32938/jbe.v4i1.345.
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Research with the title "Analysis of White Shrimp Abundance in the Abudenok Estuary of Malacca Regency". The purpose of this study was to determine the abundance of white shrimp in the Abudenok Malacca estuary and to find the parameters of the physical-chemical relationship to the abundance of white shrimp in the Abudenok estuary of Malacca Regency. The subject of this research is White Shrimp. The research data were obtained from the results of fishing catches using a 4 m diameter net. The study was conducted once a week for three weeks in the central and lower reaches of the Abudenok estuary. The results of the analysis of the abundance of white shrimp data shows the composition of the catch is different every week. In the first week the middle Estuary catches 158 white shrimp while the downstream Estuary captures fighting 234 tails In the second week the middle Estuary catches white shrimp winning 147 tails while the downstream Estuary catches white shrimp caught 356 tails. In the second week the middle Estuary catches 174 white shrimp while the downstream Estuary catches fighting 276 white shrimp. Effect of physical-chemical parameters on the abundance of 21.5 0C - 29 0C, current velocity of 0.13 ms-0.18 ms-1, salinity of 26.00 ppt - 29.00 ppt and sand substrate. The author concludes that the abundance of white shrimp in the Abudenok estuary is influenced by physical-chemical parameters, especially temperature, current speed and substrate.
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Natsir, Nur Alim, Debby A. J. Selanno, Ch I. Tupan, and Y. T. Male. "Uji Kandungan Logam Berat Pb Dan Hg Pada Air, Sedimen Dan Lamun (Enhalus acoroides) Di Perairan Teluk Kayeli Kabupaten Buru Provinsi Maluku." Biosel: Biology Science and Education 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33477/bs.v8i1.842.
Full textAbstract:
The difference in accumulation of lead and mercury heavy metals in water, sediments and seagrass organs Enhalus acoroides (roots, rhizomes and leaves) is found in the waters of Kayeli Bay, Buru Island, Maluku Province. Samples were taken from ten observed station (Kayeli River Estuary, Suket River Estuary, Anahoni River Estuary, Waelata I Estuary, Waelata River Estuary II, Waeapo River Estuary, Sanleko River Estuary, Marlosso River Estuary, Nametek Beach and Jikumerasa Beach). Pb and Hg were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The content of Pb and Hg in sediments is higher than in water. The highest Pb and Hg content is found in the roots then in the rhizoma and leaves (roots> rhizoma> leaves). Seagrass Enhalus acoroides is one of the living organisms that can be used as a bio-indicator of the level of heavy metal pollution in the aquatic environment.
Key Words: Enhalus acoroides, Pb, Hg, Bioakumulasi, Bioindicator
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Kolpakov, Nickolay V., and Arthur V. Olkhovik. "Composition, distribution, and seasonal dynamics of vegetation in the estuaries of the Olga Bay (central Primorye)." Izvestiya TINRO 181, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26428/1606-9919-2015-181-35-48.
Full textAbstract:
Twenty-one species of water plants are found in the Avvakumovka River estuary and fourteen species - in the Olga River estuary in 3 surveys conducted in May, July, and September of 2012. Zostera marina dominates in the external estuary of both rivers in any season, whereas Potamogeton spp. and Ruppia maritima are the most abundant in some local areas of the Avvakumovka external estuary and Zostera japonica - in some local shallow areas of the Olga external estuary (where it forms perennial settlements). Chaetomorpha linum is the subdominant species in the Olga external estuary. In the Avvakumovka internal estuary, Cladophora glomerata and Z. marina are the dominants in May, Z. marina - in July, and Z. marina and Potamogeton spp. - in September, but any bottom vegetation is absent in the Olga internal estuary. From May to September of 2012, the summary biomass of water vegetation in both estuaries increased in 5 times: from 0.3 to 1.5 thousand tons.