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Journal articles on the topic 'Estuarine sedimentology'
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1
Goldberg, Paul, K. Pye, and J. R. L. Allen. "Coastal and Estuarine Environments: Sedimentology, Geomorphology and Geoarchaeology." American Journal of Archaeology 106, no. 1 (January 2002): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/507196.
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McGlashan, Derek J. "Coastal and Estuarine Environments: Sedimentology, Geomorphology And Geoarchaeology." Geomorphology 46, no. 3-4 (August 2002): 308–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-555x(01)00169-6.
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Asp, Nils Edvin, Carlos Augusto França Schettini, Eduardo Siegle, Marcio Sousa da Silva, and Roney Nonato Reis de Brito. "The dynamics of a frictionally-dominated Amazonian estuary." Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 60, no. 3 (September 2012): 391–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592012000300011.
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The hydrodynamics, morphology and sedimentology of the Taperaçu estuary were investigated. This is one of several estuaries located within the largest mangrove fringe in the world, bordering the Amazon region, subject to a macrotidal regime and regionally atypical negligible fresh water supply. The results reveal widespread sand banks that occupy the central portion of the estuarine cross-section. Well-sorted very fine sandy sediments of marine origin prevail. Shorter flood phases, with substantially higher current velocities, were observed in the upper sector of Taperaçu, as expected for a shallow, friction-dominated estuary. However, ebb domination can be expected for estuaries with large associated mangrove areas and substantial estuarine infilling, both of which situations occur on the Taperaçu. The tidal asymmetry favoring flood currents could be the result of the absence of an effective fluvial discharge. Furthermore, it was observed that the Taperaçu is connected by tidal creeks to the neighboring Caeté estuary, allowing a stronger flux during the flood and intensifying the higher flood currents. As a whole, the results have shown a complex interaction of morphological aspects (friction, fluvial drainage, connections with neighbor estuaries, infilling and large storage area) in determining hydrodynamic patterns, thus improving the understanding of Amazon estuaries.
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Ehlers, T. A., and M. A. Chan. "Tidal sedimentology and estuarine deposition of the Proterozoic Big Cottonwood Formation, Utah." Journal of Sedimentary Research 69, no. 6 (November 1, 1999): 1169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.69.1169.
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Shawler, Justin L., Christopher J. Hein, Elizabeth A. Canuel, James M. Kaste, Gregory G. Fitzsimons, Ioannis Y. Georgiou, and Debra A. Willard. "Tidal erosion and upstream sediment trapping modulate records of land-use change in a formerly glaciated New England estuary." Anthropocene Coasts 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 340–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/anc-2018-0034.
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Land clearing, river impoundments, and other human modifications to the upland landscape and within estuarine systems can drive coastal change at local to regional scales. However, as compared with mid-latitude coasts, the impacts of human modifications along sediment-starved formerly glaciated coastal landscapes are relatively understudied. To address this gap, we present a late-Holocene record of changing sediment accumulation rates and sediment sources from sediment cores collected across a tidal flat in the Merrimack River estuary (Mass., USA). We pair sedimentology, geochronology, bulk- and stable-isotope organic geochemistry, and hydrodynamic simulations with historical data to evaluate human and natural impacts on coastal sediment fluxes. During the 17th to 19th centuries, accumulation rates increased by an order of magnitude in the central tidal flat, likely in response to enhanced delivery of terrestrial sediment resulting from upland deforestation. However, the overall increase in accumulation (0.56–2.6 mm/year) within the estuary is subtle and spatially variable across the tidal flats because of coincident anthropogenic land clearing and dam building, upland sediment storage, and estuarine hydrodynamics. This study provides insight into the response of formerly glaciated fluvial-coastal systems to human modifications, and underscores the role of estuarine environmental conditions in modifying upland signals of land-use change.
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Lindqvist, JK, HJL Gard, and DE Lee. "Geological setting, sedimentology and biota of the estuarine late Oligocene Pomahaka Formation, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 59, no. 2 (April 2, 2016): 352–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2016.1150862.
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MACK, G. H., M. LEEDER, M. PEREZ-ARLUCEA, and B. D. J. BAILEY. "Sedimentology, Paleontology, and Sequence Stratigraphy of Early Permian Estuarine Deposits, South-Central New Mexico, USA." PALAIOS 18, no. 4-5 (October 1, 2003): 403–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1669/0883-1351(2003)018<0403:spasso>2.0.co;2.
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Andsbjerg, Jan. "Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the Bryne and Lulu Formations, Middle Jurassic, northern Danish Central Graben." Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) Bulletin 1 (October 28, 2003): 301–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v1.4676.
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The Middle Jurassic Bryne and Lulu Formations of the Søgne Basin (northern part of the Danish Central Graben) consist of fluvially-dominated coastal plain deposits, overlain by interfingering shoreface and back-barrier deposits. Laterally continuous, mainly fining-upwards fluvial channel sandstones that locally show evidence for tidal influence dominate the alluvial/coastal plain deposits of the lower Bryne Formation. The sandstones are separated by units of fine-grained floodplain sediments that show a fining-upwards – coarsening-upwards pattern and locally grade into lacustrine mudstones. A regional unconformity that separates the lower Bryne Formation from the mainly estuarine upper Bryne Formation is defined by the strongly erosional base of a succession of stacked channel sandstones, interpreted as the fill of a system of incised valleys. Most of the stacked channel sandstones show abundant mud laminae and flasers, and rare herringbone structures, suggesting that they were deposited in a tidal environment, probably an estuary. Several tens of metres of the lower Bryne Formation may have been removed by erosion at this unconformity. The estuarine channel sandstone succession is capped by coal beds that attain a thickness of several metres in the western part of the Søgne Basin, but are thin and poorly developed in the central part of the basin. Above the coal beds, the Lulu Formation is dominated by various types of tidally influenced paralic deposits in the western part of the basin and by coarsening-upwards shoreface and beach deposits in central parts. Westwards-thickening wedges of paralic deposits interfinger with eastwards-thickening wedges of shallow marine deposits. The Middle Jurassic succession is subdivided into nine sequences. In the lower Bryne Formation, sequence boundaries are situated at the base of laterally continuous fluvial channel sandstones whereas maximum flooding surfaces are placed in laterally extensive floodplain or lacustrine mudstones. The unconformity that separates the alluvial plain deposits of the lower Bryne Formation from the estuary deposits of the upper Bryne Formation is interpreted as a sequence boundary that bounds a system of incised valleys in the western and southern parts of the basin. Sequence boundaries in the Lulu Formation are situated at the top of progradational shoreface units or at the base of estuarine channels. Maximum flooding surfaces are located within marine or lagoonal mudstone units. Marine highstand deposits are partitioned seawards, in the eastern part of the basin, whereas paralic transgressive deposits are partitioned landwards, in the west. This marked sediment partitioning in the uppermost part of the succession resulted from the alternation of episodes of fault-induced half-graben subsidence with periods of slow uniform subsidence.
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Harris, J. P. "The sedimentology of a Middle Jurassic lagoonal delta system: Elgol Formation (Great Estuarine Group), NW Scotland." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 41, no. 1 (1989): 147–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1989.041.01.12.
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KAWASAKI, Takashi, Kazuaki OHTSUKI, Yasuo NIHEI, Yutaro HIROSE, Yusuke YOSHIMORI, Takuro HANASAKI, Hiroki IYOOKA, and Norio ONIKURA. "MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF SEDIMENTOLOGY ON RESERVOIR TO ESTUARINE TIDAL FLAT FOR ASSESSMENT OF DAM REMOVAL EFFECTS." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) 71, no. 4 (2015): I_979—I_984. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejhe.71.i_979.
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Larcombe, Piers. "Coastal and Estuarine Environments: Sedimentology, Geomorphology and Geoarchaeology. Ed. by K. Pye & J. R. L. Allen. f85 ($142)." Sedimentology 49, no. 3 (June 2002): 638–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3091.2002.00469_2.x.
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Bann, Kerrie L., Christopher R. Fielding, James A. MacEachern, and Stuart C. Tye. "Differentiation of estuarine and offshore marine deposits using integrated ichnology and sedimentology: Permian Pebbley Beach Formation, Sydney Basin, Australia." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 228, no. 1 (2004): 179–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2004.228.01.10.
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Vega, Rodrigo M., Mauricio Mella, Sven N. Nielsen, and Mario Pino. "Stratigraphy and sedimentology of a late Pleistocene incised valley fill: a depositional and paleogeographic model for “Cancagua” deposits in north-western Patagonia, Chile." Andean Geology 45, no. 2 (March 5, 2018): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.5027/andgeov45n2-3030.
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Late Pleistocene sedimentary deposits outcropping around Valdivia city, locally known as Cancagua, have been subject of contrasting interpretations, from glacial to interglacial sediments. Opposing views emerge from focusing on upstream or coastal sedimentary controls, within a zone were these potentially overlap through a full glacial cycle. Here we present the first detailed facies analysis and a broad chronological framework, reconciling previous interpretations in a single paleogeographic model that encompasses the last glacial cycle. Seven facies associations are described, interpreted as an estuarine complex developed primarily during the last glacial cycle’s highstand, yet accumulating sediments during a substantial part of the falling stage. These results offer the opportunity to extend paleoenvironmental records through a full glacial cycle in northern Patagonia.
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Mozzi, Paolo, Maria Teresa Azevedo, Elizabeth Nunes, and Luis Raposo. "Middle Terrace Deposits of the Tagus River in Alpiarça, Portugal, in Relation to Early Human Occupation." Quaternary Research 54, no. 3 (November 2000): 359–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.2000.2154.
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The stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Q3 middle terrace alluvial sequence in the lower Tagus river valley, Portugal, were studied near the village of Alpiarça, approximately 40 km upstream from the estuarine area. Two main stratigraphic units were recognized, separated by an important uncomformity. The Lower Gravels unit (LG) consists of intercalations of medium to coarse gravel deposits, mainly quartzitic, with coarse sandy matrix, organized in tabular bodies. The overlying Upper Sands unit (US) consists of tabular sandy channel deposits and overbank fines, the latter containing well-developed paleosols and backswamp deposits, showing a general aggrading trend, apparently with varying rates; available data indicate that deposition of the US took place under temperate climatic conditions. Within US deposits are several paleolithic archaeological sites, the lower ones in the alluvial stratigraphy being Middle Acheulian, whereas those embedded in overlying deposits are, from bottom to top, Upper Acheulian and Micoquian. Some of these sites have been recently excavated. The quartzite artifacts were apparently abandoned by early humans on the flood plain surface during deposition of the US unit and were subjected to limited reworking during their incorporation in the alluvium. TL/OSL dating of sandy-silty sediments, though imprecise, support archaeological evidence pointing to an age of 150,000 to 70,000 yr B.P. for the US unit.
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Cuitiño, José I., Sergio F. Vizcaíno, M. Susana Bargo, and Inés Aramendía. "Sedimentology and fossil vertebrates of the Santa Cruz Formation (early Miocene) in Lago Posadas, southwestern Patagonia, Argentina." Andean Geology 46, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.5027/andgeov46n2-3128.
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Lago Posadas is located at the foot of the Southern Patagonian Andes, in southwestern Argentina, where the early Miocene Santa Cruz Formation (SCF) shows thick and laterally continuous exposures. This region has been scarcely explored for fossil vertebrates since the first efforts by J.B. Hatcher in 1898-99. In this contribution, we performed sedimentologic and paleontological studies in order to reconstruct depositional environments and the associated fossil vertebrate fauna. Sedimentologic data suggest that the sedimentary record begins with restricted marine-estuarine deposits grading upward to fluvial floodplains and fluvial channels. Extensive floodplains, occasionally interrupted by low-sinuosity, sand-dominated channels, show dominant reddish coloration, moderate to low paleosol development, abundant crevasse splay sandstones and lack of vegetal remains, suggesting deposition in a low gradient, oxygenated setting under elevated sedimentation rates. Vertical stratigraphic trends are subtle, suggesting little paleoenvironmental changes during deposition of the whole SCF in this region. Paleocurrent directions, sandstone composition and paleogeographic reconstructions all indicate that deposition of the SCF was strongly associated to the contemporaneous uplift of the Andes. Fossil vertebrates analyzed are the result of our collecting effort and revision of museum collections. The faunal assemblage includes 31 taxa: 28 mammals and three birds. Mammals belong to the main groups recorded in other areas of the SCF (metatherians, xenarthrans, notoungulates, litopterns, astrapotheres and rodents). The assemblage allows a Santacrucian Age sensu lato assignment for the fauna at Lago Posadas. Taxonomic revisions of several taxa are necessary to further adjust the biostratigraphic significance of this association. The combined record of arboreal, browser and frugivores, on one side, and grazer mammals and rheas, on the other, suggest the presence of both trees and open environments. Frugivores, among primary consumers, and the secondary consumers guild are under-represented due to sample and fossil remain size biases. The sedimentologic and paleontological record of the SCF in Lago Posadas suggests that the uplift of the Southern Patagonian Andes acted as a primary control on basin subsidence and sediment supply, providing a special signature for sub-andean localities. However, previously registered climatic changes are poorly recorded in this study.
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Ellen, R., M. A. E. Browne, A. J. Mitten, S. M. Clarke, A. G. Leslie, and E. Callaghan. "Sedimentology, architecture and depositional setting of the fluvial Spireslack Sandstone of the Midland Valley, Scotland: insights from the Spireslack surface coal mine." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 488, no. 1 (November 21, 2018): 181–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp488.2.
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AbstractThe Spireslack surface coal mine exposes a section in the Carboniferous Lawmuir Formation (Brigantian) into the Upper Limestone Formation (Arnsbergian). This paper describes the stratigraphy exposed at Spireslack and, in so doing, names for the first time the Spireslack Sandstone, a distinctive erosively based, sandstone-dominated unit in the Upper Limestone Formation. The Spireslack Sandstone consists of two fluvial sandstone channel sets and an upper, possibly fluvio-estuarine, succession. From an analysis of their internal architectural elements, the channel sets are interpreted as a low-sinuosity, sand-dominated, mixed-load fluvial system in which avulsion and variations in sediment load played a significant part. The lower channel set appears to be confined to erosional palaeovalleys of limited lateral extent and significant relief. The upper channel set is much more laterally extensive and shows evidence of a generally lower sediment load with a greater degree of lateral accretion and flooding. Consequently, the Spireslack Sandstone may represent a system responding to base level changes of higher magnitude and longer duration than the glacio-eustatic scale commonly attributed to Carboniferous fluvio-deltaic cycles. The Spireslack Sandstone may represent an important correlative marker in the Carboniferous of the Midland Valley and may provide an alternative analogue for some Carboniferous fluvial sandstone stratigraphic traps.
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Carrillo-Briceño, Jorge Domingo, Zoneibe Luz, Austin Hendy, László Kocsis, Orangel Aguilera, and Torsten Vennemann. "Neogene Caribbean elasmobranchs: diversity, paleoecology and paleoenvironmental significance of the Cocinetas Basin assemblage (Guajira Peninsula, Colombia)." Biogeosciences 16, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 33–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-33-2019.
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Abstract. The Cocinetas Basin is located on the eastern flank of the Guajira Peninsula, northern Colombia (southern Caribbean). During the late Oligocene through the Pliocene, much of the basin was submerged. The extensive deposits in this area suggest a transition from a shallow marine to a fluvio-deltaic system, with a rich record of invertebrate and vertebrate fauna. The elasmobranch assemblages of the early Miocene to the late Pliocene succession in the Cocinetas Basin (Jimol, Castilletes and Ware formations, as well as the Patsúa Valley) are described for the first time. The assemblages include at least 30 taxa of sharks (Squaliformes, Pristiophoriformes, Orectolobiformes, Lamniformes and Carcharhiniformes) and batoids (Rhinopristiformes and Myliobatiformes), of which 24 taxa are reported from the Colombian Neogene for the first time. Paleoecological interpretations are based on the feeding ecology and on estimates of the paleohydrology (relative salinity, temperature) using stable isotope compositions of oxygen in the bioapatite of shark teeth. The isotopic composition of the studied specimens corroborates paleoenvironmental settings for the studied units that were previously estimated based on the sedimentology and biology of the taxa. These Neogene elasmobranch assemblages from the Cocinetas Basin provide new insights into the diversity the sharks and rays inhabiting the coastal and estuarine environments of the northwestern margin of South America, both during the existence of the gateway between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans and following its closure.
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Pearson, Nadine J., M. Gabriela Mángano, Luis A. Buatois, Silvio Casadío, and Martin Rodriguez Raising. "Ichnology, sedimentology, and sequence stratigraphy of outer-estuarine and coastal-plain deposits: Implications for the distinction between allogenic and autogenic expressions of the Glossifungites Ichnofacies." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 333-334 (May 2012): 192–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.03.031.
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Maynard, J. R., H. R. Feldman, and R. Alway. "From Bars to Valleys: The Sedimentology and Seismic Geomorphology of Fluvial to Estuarine Incised-Valley Fills of the Grand Rapids Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Iron River Field, Alberta, Canada." Journal of Sedimentary Research 80, no. 7 (July 1, 2010): 611–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2010.060.
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Barroso, Tarcyana Câmara, Paulo Roberto Silva Pessoa, Antônio Rodrigues Ximenes Neto, and Jáder Onofre de Morais. "CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS ASPECTOS SEDIMENTOLÓGICOS E GRANULOMÉTRICOS ASSOCIADOS À FOZ DO RIO COREAÚ – CE, BRASIL." Revista da Casa da Geografia de Sobral (RCGS) 21, no. 2 (September 30, 2019): 265–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35701/rcgs.v21n2.499.
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A zona costeira é um ambiente dinâmico de transição que apresenta uma interface entre os sistemas continentais, marinhos e atmosféricos. A área de estudo se localiza no município de Camocim-CE na região da foz do rio Coreaú, compreendendo também áreas adjacentes em ambas às margens. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os aspectos deposicionais a partir da granulometria dos sistemas ambientais costeiros, para caracterização sedimentológica das principais unidades geomorfológicas da foz do rio Coreaú. Em campo foram coletadas amostras superficiais de três sistemas litorâneos – Duna; Estirâncio e Estuário. A sedimentação da área estudada é controlada pela influência marinha, com a predominância de areias quartzosas muito fina no subsistema duna e estuário. No estirâncio defronte a falésia costeira na margem esquerda houve predominância de cascalho fino. Já o estirâncio da Ilha do amor apresentou areia grossa e muito fina no estirâncio superior e inferior, respectivamente.Palavras-chave: Rio Coreaú; Sedimentologia; Granulometria. ABSTRACTThe coastal zone is a dynamic transition between the continental, marine, and atmospheric systems. The study area is located in the Coreaú river mouth, Camocim-CE. The aim was to characterize the depositional aspects from the grain size and sedimentology of coastal environmental systems to characterize the main geomorphological units. It was collected superficial samples of three coastal systems - Dune; Foreshore and Estuary. The sedimentation is controlled by the marine influence, with the predominance of very fine-grained quartz sands in the dune and estuary. In the foreshore of the coastal cliff at the left margin there was a predominance of fine gravel, as well as coarse and very fine sand in the upper and lower foreshore, respectively (Ilha do Amor).Keywords: Coreaú River; Sedimentology; Grain Size. RESUMEN La zona costera es un entorno dinámico de transición que presenta una interfaz entre los sistemas continentales, marinos y atmosféricos. La zona de investigación está ubicada en la ciudad de Camocim-CE, en la desembocadura del río Coreaú, y además comprende zonas adyacentes en ambas márgenes. El objetivo de la investigación fue caracterizar los aspectos deposicionales desde la granulometría de los sistemas ambientales costeros presentes en la zona, para caracterización sedimentario de las principales unidades geomorfológicas de la desembocadura del río Coreaú. La continuación se recogieron muestras superficiales de tres sistemas litorales – Duna; estrán y estuario. La sedimentación del área está controlada por la influencia marina, con la predominancia de arenas cuarzo muy fina en el subsistema duna y estuario. En la zona intermareale frente al acantilado costero en la margen izquierda hubo predominancia de arena fina. Ya en la zona intermareale de la Ilha do Amor presentó arena gruesa y muy fina en la estrán superior e inferior, respectivamente.Palabras clave: Río Coreaú; sedimentología; granulometría.
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Allen, J. R. L. "Geomorphology and sedimentology of estuaries." Sedimentary Geology 105, no. 1-2 (August 1996): 110–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(95)00149-2.
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Richiano, Sebastián, Augusto N. Varela, Abril Cereceda, and Daniel G. Poiré. "Ichnology and sedimentology of estuarina deposits, Mata Amarilla Formation, Austral Basin, Argentina." Spanish Journal of Palaeontology 29, no. 2 (July 8, 2020): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/sjp.29.2.17680.
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Cartaya, Scarlet, Williams Méndez, and Luis González. "Geomorfología y sedimentología de los ambientes depositacionales recientes del complejo estuarino de los ríos Hueque y Curarí, Estado Falcón, Venezuela." Investigaciones Geográficas, no. 58 (February 16, 2012): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.14350/rig.30045.
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En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de la caracterización geomorfológica y sedimentológica del complejo estuarino de la desembocadura de los ríos Hueque y Curarí, localizada en la costa nororiental del Estado Falcón (Venezuela). La investigación se desarrolló en tres fases. En la fase de campo se recolectaron muestras de sedimentos y se realizaron mediciones morfométricas de los ambientes depositacionales. En la fase de laboratorio se ejecutaron análisis sedimentológicos de textura, carbonatos, materia orgánica, minerales pesados y mineralogía por difracción de rayos X. La fase de gabinete se basó en la interpretación y análisis espacial de los ambientes depositacionales con apoyo en fotografías aéreas y mapas topográficos a escala 1:25 000; en la confección de los mapas y perfiles del área, y en la elaboración del modelo sedimentológico. La desembocadura de los ríos Hueque y Curarí se encuentra en un borde costero de clima semi-árido, con una cuenca de baja densidad de drenaje y dinámica litoral de rango micromareal, marea mixta, con oleaje de alta energía y corriente litoral favorable. Se identificaron dos grandes conjuntos sedimentológicos: Complejo Cordón Litoral (infraplaya, mesoplaya, supraplaya, dunas playeras, contrabarrera y barra), de litofacies arenosas y el Complejo Pantanoso (cauces de los ríos Hueque y Curarí, canal de marea y caño de marea), de litofacies arcillo-limosa. Los canales fluviales se comportan como estuarios hipersalinos.
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Bellais, Kaylyn C., Samuel T. Barber, Donald A. Beebe, and Murlene W. Clark. "Lake or Estuary? Sedimentary and Benthic Foraminiferal Characterization of a Gulf of Mexico Coastal Dune Lake." Gulf and Caribbean Research 31 (2020): SC46—SC52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18785/gcr.3101.18.
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Coastal dune lakes are shallow estuaries located within dune environments that share a permanent or intermittent connection with the sea. Because coastal dune lakes are found in few locations worldwide (e.g. Australia, New Zealand, Florida, etc.) they represent unique environments worthy of protection. However; there is a distinct lack of scientific data related to the function and ecology of coastal dune lakes, especially in the Gulf of Mexico. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to characterize the sedimentology and foraminifera of a representative coastal dune lake in Walton County, FL (i.e. Eastern Lake) and determine whether it shares geologic similarities with nearby estuaries. Ten Ekman sediment grab samples were collected along a transect spanning the length of Eastern Lake. The samples were processed to determine sedimentary properties and foraminiferal assemblages. Results from the sedimentary and foraminiferal analyses reveal 3 distinct depositional environments including: (1) a coarse grained, moderately well sorted, organic poor, sandy beach facies with both agglutinated and calcareous foraminifera, (2) a fine grained, very poorly sorted, organic rich central mud basin facies with mostly calcareous foraminifera, and (3) a coarse grained, poorly sorted, organic rich sandy marsh delta facies dominated by agglutinated foraminifera. These environments and foraminiferal patterns are also found in much larger nearby estuaries including Choctawhatchee Bay, Pensacola Bay, and Mobile Bay. Our results therefore suggest that coastal dune lakes may serve as down-scaled micro-estuaries and are functionally related to larger estuaries of the Gulf Coast despite their size.
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Zachos, Louis G., and Brian F. Platt. "Actuopaleoichnology of a modern Bay of Fundy macro-tidal flat: analogy with a Mississippian tidal flat deposit (Hartselle Sandstone) from Alabama." PeerJ 7 (May 21, 2019): e6975. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6975.
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Trace fossil zonation in the Hartselle Sandstone of Mississippian age (Chesterian: Visean-Serpukhovian) exposed on Fielder Ridge, Alabama is compared with modern macro-tidal flat ichnocoenoses on the Bay of Fundy at Lubec, Maine, and demonstrated to be analogous by sedimentologic and ichnotaxonomic criteria. The modern flat has minimal influence from either waves or freshwater influx, and can be divided into five distinct ichnocoenoses, characterized by surface traces (epichnia) and four sedimentologic facies defined by gross grain texture or hydrodynamic characteristics, but lacking significant surface traces. Several characteristics of tidal flat deposits in a fetch-limited, marine (i.e., non-estuarine), meso- to macro-tidal regime can be used to recognize similar environments as old as the late Paleozoic. These criteria include (1) limited influence of wind and waves on the depositional environment, (2) lack of significant freshwater influence and therefore any persistent brackish environments, (3) a distinct spatial distribution of microenvironments defined by substrate and exposure period, (4) high diversity of epichnial traces directly associated with microenvironments across the tidal flat, (5) generally low degree of reworking of traces by bioturbation but high degree of reworking by tidal currents, and (6) preservation of traces of predation and scavenging behavior on an exposed surface. These features, together with the regional depositional pattern of the Hartselle Sandstone interpreted as tide-influenced bars and shoals, support a meso- to macro-tidal interpretation of the depositional environment.
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NICHOLS, M. "Sedimentologic fate and cycling of Kepone in an estuarine system: Example from the James river estuary." Science of The Total Environment 97-98 (November 1990): 407–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(90)90254-r.
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Hung, Tran Trong, Tran Anh Tu, Dang Thuong Huyen, and Marc Desmet. "Presence of trace elements in sediment of Can Gio mangrove forest, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam." VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES 41, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7187/41/1/13543.
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Can Gio mangrove forest (CGM) is located downstream of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), situated between an estuarine system of Dong Nai - Sai Gon river and a part of Vam Co river. The CGM is the largest restored mangrove forest in Vietnam and the UNESCO’s Mangrove Biosphere Reserve. The CGM has been gradually facing to numeric challenges of global climate change, environmental degradation and socio-economic development for the last decades. To evaluate sediment quality in the CGM, we collected 13 cores to analyze for sediment grain size, organic matter content, and trace element concentration of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn. Results showed that trace element concentrations ranged from uncontaminated (Cd, Cu, and Zn) to very minor contaminated (Cr, Ni, and Pb). The concentrations were gradually influenced by suspended particle size and the mangrove plants.ReferencesAnh M.T., Chi D.H., Vinh N.N., Loan T.T., Triet L.M., Slootenb K.B.-V., Tarradellas J., 2003. 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Concentration of 7 Heavy Metals in Sediments and Mangrove Root Samples from Mai Po, Hong Kong. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 39, 269-279.Passega R., 1957. Texture as characteristics of clastic deposition. Publisher: American Association of Petroleum Geologists.Passega R., 1964. Grain size representation by CM patterns as a geological tool. J Sediment Petrol, 34, 830–847.Phuoc V.L., An D.T., Cang L.T., Chung B.N., Tien N.V., 2010. Study the sediment dynamics in Can Gio mangrove forest (Nang Hai site, Ho Chi Minh city). Ho Chi Minh city: The final report of National University Ho Chi Minh city, No. B2009-18-36.Pumijumnong N., Danpradit S., 2016. Heavy metal accumulation in sediments and mangrove forest stems from Surat Thani province, Thailand. The Malaysian forester, 79(1&2), 212-228.QCVN43:2012/BTNMT, 2012. 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Sievers, Julian, Peter Milbradt, Romina Ihde, Jennifer Valerius, Robert Hagen, and Andreas Plüß. "An integrated marine data collection for the German Bight – Part 1: Subaqueous geomorphology and surface sedimentology (1996–2016)." Earth System Science Data 13, no. 8 (August 20, 2021): 4053–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4053-2021.
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Abstract. The German Bight located within the central North Sea is a hydro- and morphodynamically highly complex system of estuaries, barrier islands, and part of the world's largest coherent tidal flats, the Wadden Sea. To identify and understand challenges faced by coastal stakeholders, such as harbor operators or governmental agencies, to maintain waterways and employ numerical models for further analyses, it is imperative to have a consistent database for both bathymetry and surface sedimentology. Current commercial and public data products are insufficient in spatial and temporal resolution and coverage for recent analysis methods. Thus, this first part of a two-part publication series of the German joint project EasyGSH-DB describes annual bathymetric digital terrain models at a 10 m gridded resolution for the German North Sea coast and German Bight from 1996 to 2016 (Sievers et al., 2020a, https://doi.org/10.48437/02.2020.K2.7000.0001), as well as surface sedimentological models of discretized cumulative grain size distribution functions for 1996, 2006, and 2016 on 100 m grids (Sievers et al., 2020b, https://doi.org/10.48437/02.2020.K2.7000.0005). Furthermore, basic morphodynamic and sedimentological processing analyses, such as the estimation of, for example, bathymetric stability or surface maps of sedimentological parameters, are provided (Sievers et al., 2020a, b, see respective download links).
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Edeso-Fito, José Miguel, Ángel Soria-Jáuregui, Ane Lopetegi-Galarraga, José Antonio Mujika-Alustiza, and Mónica Ruiz-Alonso. "Estratigrafía y Sedimentología del relleno detrítico del estuario del Río Urumea (Donostia-San Sebastián, España)." Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana 69, no. 1 (2017): 175–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18268/bsgm2017v69n1a8.
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CUITINO, J. I., R. V. SANTOS, and R. A. SCASSO. "INSIGHTS INTO THE DISTRIBUTION OF SHALLOW-MARINE TO ESTUARINE EARLY MIOCENE OYSTERS FROM SOUTHWESTERN PATAGONIA: SEDIMENTOLOGIC AND STABLE ISOTOPE CONSTRAINTS." PALAIOS 28, no. 9 (January 22, 2014): 583–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/palo.2012.p12-105r.
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Kwetche, Paul Gustave Fowe, Marie Joseph Ntamak-Nida, Adrien Lamire Djomeni Nitcheu, Jacques Etame, François Mvondo Owono, Cecile Olive Mbesse, Joseph Bertrand Iboum Kissaaka, Gilbert Ngon Ngon, Sylvie Bourquin, and Paul Bilong. "Facies Analysis and Sequence Stratigraphy of Missole Outcrops: N’Kapa Formation of the South-Eastern Edge of Douala Sub-Basin (Cameroon)." Earth Science Research 7, no. 1 (October 21, 2017): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/esr.v7n1p35.
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Missole facies description and sequence stratigraphy analysis allow a new proposal of depositional environments of the Douala sub-basin eastern part. The sediments of Missole outcrops (N’kapa Formation) correspond to fluvial/tidal channel to shallow shelf deposits with in some place embayment deposits within a warm and semi-arid climate. Integrated sedimentologic, palynologic and mineralogical data document a comprehensive sequence stratigraphy of this part of the Douala sub-basin. Five facies associations occur: (1) facies association I is characterized by Floodplain deposits; (2) facies association II is Fluvial to mouth bar deposits; (3) facies association III characterise Shallow Shelf deposits; (4) facies association IV represents Distal bay or Lacustrine déposits; and (5) Facies association V is made of Fluvial channel deposits. Six depositional sequences were identified. These sequences are composed of four progradational sequences and two retrogradational sequences containing a fluvial channel portion represented by lag deposits at the base of retrogradational sequences. These deposits represent the outset of the relative sea level rise period. In the study area, the N’kapa Formation is composed of non-marine/coastal aggradational deposits representing the early stage of the regressive period. The occurrence of the estuarine/bay deposits with paleosols development is interpreted as evidence of climate change with significant relative base level fluctuation. The study of key minerals associated to sequence stratigraphy as well as palynology demonstrated that sequence architecture has been controlled mostly by climate evolution and outcrops are dated Paleocene – early Eocene.
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Li, F., C. Dyt, C. M. Griffiths, C. Jenkins, M. Rutherford, and J. Chittleborough. "SEABED SEDIMENT TRANSPORT AND OFFSHORE PIPELINE RISKS IN THE AUSTRALIAN SOUTHEAST." APPEA Journal 45, no. 1 (2005): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj04040.
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The Australian seabed is influenced by extreme weather conditions of various types: cyclones, high tidal ranges, offshore currents and storm waves. In the past two centuries substantial progress in our understanding of the seabed and environmental conditions has been made by studies of the seabed sedimentology, hydrodynamics, and through habitat mapping. As part of the CSIRO Wealth from Oceans Flagship program the authors are involved in a new fiveyear study to investigate and predict the effect of possible climate change scenarios on the seabed in the next 50 years. Those changes will assess undersea infrastructure installations such as pipelines in a changed regime of seafloor stability, burial, erosion and abrasion.As an initial phase of this project the authors have extrapolated the current climatic conditions into the next 50 years. It was found that (under an extension of present day climatic conditions):the majority of terrigenous sediment carried down by major rivers (Murray River, Snowy River, Tamar River, etc) is trapped in the inland lakes or estuaries. Only a marginal fraction of fine grain sediment reaches the continental shelf;a high energy wave climate, significant tidal currents, and the frequent surges of wind-driven currents make the local seabed highly mobile and sensitive to the modern hydrodynamic changes. Both results imply that an exposed pipeline may suffer from local scour and fatigue damage due to oscillatory loads induced by vortex shedding behind the pipelines; andthere are several high risk zones in the region where turbidity current and submarine slope failure post a great threat to offshore pipelines.The next phase of the project will be to provide testable predictions of the changes under a variety of global warming scenarios.
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Brito, Roney Nonato Reis de, Nils Edvin Asp, Colin Robert Beasley, and Helane Súzia Silva dos Santos. "Características sedimentares fluviais associadas ao grau de reservação da mata Ciliar - Rio Urumajó, Nordeste Paraense." Acta Amazonica 39, no. 1 (March 2009): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0044-59672009000100017.
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Os rios são os agentes mais importantes no transporte dos sedimentos para as áreas mais baixas dos continentes e para o mar. Além dos efeitos diretos do clima local, a cobertura vegetal atua no controle da descarga e no suprimento de sedimentos. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho enfoca o padrão de distribuição granulométrica do rio Urumajó (nordeste paraense) em relação ao estado de preservação da mata ciliar. Cinco estações (A-E) foram estabelecidas de forma a registrar um transecto da nascente à foz do rio. Nessas estações, procedeu-se com a caracterização da mata ciliar, bem como do seu grau de preservação. Além disto, elaborou-se um perfil transversal ao canal para cada estação, com coleta de cinco amostras de sedimentos em cada perfil. Estes foram submetidos à análise granulométrica, que resultou na obtenção de valores da média, mediana, seleção, assimetria e curtose. Com os resultados foi possível reconhecer as características sedimentares normais do rio, onde areia média é a principal classe granulométrica transportada. Foram observadas nas estações A e C a clara tendência das amostras serem moderadamente bem selecionadas e aproximadamente simétricas, com dominância absoluta de areia média, o que está diretamente relacionado ao seu bom estado de preservação. Significativas variações granulométricas nas estações B, D e E foram associadas com o processo erosivo das margens do rio, conseqüência da degradação da mata ciliar. Além disso, foi constatada a influência das correntes de maré na sedimentologia da estação E, subsidiando também a delimitação do ambiente estuarino que se encontra associado ao canal fluvial.
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Marques, Vanessa Caetano, and João Luiz Nicolodi. "Análise da sedimentologia como subsídio à avaliação da sensibilidade ambiental a óleo da Bacia Sedimentar de Pelotas-RS/SC, Brasil." Geography Department University of Sao Paulo 41 (April 28, 2021): e170285. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/eissn.2236-2878.rdg.2021.170285.
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As atividades da indústria petrolífera se distribuem por todo o território brasileiro, ocasionando impactos ao longo de sua zona costeira, ao passo que neste cenário coexistem demandas econômicas e socioambientais do país. De modo a gerir os riscos e danos que tais atividades podem acarretar aos ambientes marinhos e costeiros, o governo brasileiro, por meio do Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA), deu início, ainda em 2002, ao mapeamento da sensibilidade ambiental a derramamentos de óleo das bacias sedimentares marítimas brasileiras. O presente trabalho se insere neste contexto através do Projeto Cartas SAO – Bacia de Pelotas, tendo como objetivo apresentar os resultados do estudo granulométrico de praias oceânicas, lagunares e estuarinas da porção brasileira da bacia sedimentar de Pelotas, bem como discutir lacunas presentes no método oficial de classificação da sensibilidade ambiental de tais ambientes. A metodologia adotada neste trabalho obteve os parâmetros granulométricos de amostras sedimentares coletadas nas faces das praias que, em conjunto com referências sobre a hidrodinâmica da área e permeabilidade de praias, possibilitou a discussão da representatividade do método oficial para praias que compõem a planície costeira em questão. Os resultados apresentaram algumas lacunas no Índice de Sensibilidade do Litoral (ISL), relacionadas à variação dos parâmetros granulométricos analisados, uma vez que o mesmo não considera a dinâmica da distribuição espacial das partículas sedimentares dentro de um mesmo pacote, fator fundamental para a definição da permeabilidade das praias, além de interpretar de maneira teórica a permeabilidade atribuída a estes pacotes sedimentares. Tais discrepâncias podem confundir a tomada de decisão em ações de resposta a acidentes com óleo, deixando vulneráveis os ambientes e as comunidades que neles residem e que através deles sobrevivem.
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Bomer, Edwin J., Carol A. Wilson, and Dilip K. Datta. "An Integrated Approach for Constraining Depositional Zones in a Tide-Influenced River: Insights from the Gorai River, Southwest Bangladesh." Water 11, no. 10 (September 30, 2019): 2047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11102047.
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The tidal to fluvial transition (TFT) of estuaries and coastal rivers is one of the most complex environments on Earth with respect to the transportation and deposition of sediment, owing in large part to competing fluvial and marine processes. While there have been recent advances in the stratigraphic understanding of the TFT, it is still unclear whether these findings are site-specific or representative of mixed tidal-fluvial systems worldwide. Yet, research from this depositional domain holds profound societal and economic importance. For instance, understanding the underlying stratigraphic architecture of channel margins is critical for assessing geomorphic change for fluvio-deltaic settings, which are generally vulnerable to lateral channel migration and resultant erosion. Findings would also benefit paleo-geographic reconstructions of ancient tide-influenced successions and provide an analog for hydrocarbon reservoir models. In the Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta of Bangladesh, the Gorai River is one of two Ganges distributaries actively connected to the Bay of Bengal. With fluvial input from the Ganges and meso-scale (2–4 m range) tides at the coast, the Gorai exhibits a variety of hydrodynamic regimes across its 350-km reach, providing a unique opportunity to investigate along-channel depositional patterns across the TFT. This study integrates multiple datasets—core sedimentology, river channel bathymetry, and remote sensing—to provide a process-based framework for determining the relative position of sedimentary deposits within the tidal-fluvial continuum of the Gorai River. The results of this investigation reveal coincident, abrupt shifts in river channel morphology and sediment character, suggesting the occurrence of backwater-induced mass extraction of relatively coarse sediments (i.e., fine sand). Despite being situated in an energetic tidal environment, evidence of tidal cyclicity in cored sediments is relatively rare, and the bulk stratigraphy appears strongly overprinted by irregularly spaced cm- to dm-scale sediment packages, likely derived from monsoonal flood pulses. Such findings differ from previously-studied mixed tidal-fluvial systems and underscore the site-specific complexities associated with this depositional domain.
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Thanh, Nguyen Trung, Paul Jing Liu, Mai Duc Dong, Dang Hoai Nhon, Do Huy Cuong, Bui Viet Dung, Phung Van Phach, Tran Duc Thanh, Duong Quoc Hung, and Ngo Thanh Nga. "Late Pleistocene-Holocene sequence stratigraphy of the subaqueous Red River delta and the adjacent shelf." VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES 40, no. 3 (June 4, 2018): 271–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7187/40/3/12618.
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The model of Late Pleistocene-Holocene sequence stratigraphy of the subaqueous Red River delta and the adjacent shelf is proposed by interpretation of high-resolution seismic documents and comparison with previous research results on Holocene sedimentary evolution on the delta plain. Four units (U1, U2, U3, and U4) and four sequence stratigraphic surfaces (SB1, TS, TRS and MFS) were determined. The formation of these units and surfaces is related to the global sea-level change in Late Pleistocene-Holocene. SB1, defined as the sequence boundary, was generated by subaerial processes during the Late Pleistocene regression and could be remolded partially or significantly by transgressive ravinement processes subsequently. The basal unit U1 (fluvial formations) within incised valleys is arranged into the lowstand systems tract (LST) formed in the early slow sea-level rise ~19-14.5 cal.kyr BP, the U2 unit is arranged into the early transgressive systems tract (E-TST) deposited mainly within incised-valleys under the tide-influenced river to estuarine conditions in the rapid sea-level rise ~14.5-9 cal.kyr BP, the U3 unit is arranged into the late transgressive systems tract (L-TST) deposited widely on the continental shelf in the fully marine condition during the late sea-level rise ~9-7 cal.kyr BP, and the U4 unit represents for the highstand systems tract (HST) with clinoform structure surrounding the modern delta coast, extending to the water depth of 25-30 m, developed by sediments from the Red River system in ~3-0 cal.kyr BP.ReferencesBadley M.E., 1985. Practical Seismic Interpretation. International Human Resources Development Corporation, Boston, 266p.Bergh G.D. V.D., Van Weering T.C.E., Boels J.F., Duc D.M, Nhuan M.T, 2007. Acoustical facies analysis at the Ba Lat delta front (Red River delta, North Vietnam. Journal of Asian Earth Science, 29, 532-544.Boyd R., Dalrymple R., Zaitlin B.A., 1992. Classification of Elastic Coastal Depositional Environments. Sedimentary Geology, 80, 139-150.Catuneanu O., 2002. Sequence stratigraphy of clastic systems: concepts, merits, and pitfalls. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 35, 1-43.Catuneanu O., 2006. Principles of Sequence Stratigraphy. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 375p.Catuneanu O., Abreu V., Bhattacharya J.P., Blum M.D., Dalrymple R.W., Eriksson P.G., Fielding C.R., Fisher W.L., Galloway W.E., Gibling M.R., Giles K.A., Holbrook J.M., Jordan R., Kendall C.G. St. C., Macurda B., Martinsen O.J., Miall A.D., Neal J.E., Nummedal D., Pomar L., Posamentier H.W., Pratt B.R., Sarg J.F., Shanley K.W., Steel R. J., Strasser A., Tucker M.E., Winker C., 2009. Towards the standardization of sequence stratigraphy. Earth-Science Reviews, 92, 1-33.Catuneanu O., Galloway W.E., Kendall C.G. St C., Miall A.D., Posamentier H.W., Strasser A. and Tucker M.. E., 2011. Sequence Stratigraphy: Methodology and Nomenclature. Newsletters on Stratigraphy, 44(3), 173-245.Coleman J.M and Wright L.D., 1975. Modern river deltas: variability of processes and sand bodies. In: Broussard M.L (Ed), Deltas: Models for exploration. Houston Geological Society, Houston, 99-149.Doan Dinh Lam, 2003. History of Holocene sedimentary evolution of the Red River delta. PhD thesis in Vietnam, 129p (in Vietnamese).Duc D.M., Nhuan M.T, Ngoi C.V., Nghi T., Tien D.M., Weering J.C.E., Bergh G.D., 2007. Sediment distribution and transport at the nearshore zone of the Red River delta, Northern Vietnam. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 29, 558-565.Dung B.V., Stattegger K., Unverricht D., Phach P.V., Nguyen T.T., 2013. Late Pleistocene-Holocene seismic stratigraphy of the Southeast Vietnam Shelf. Global and Planetary Change, 110, 156-169.Embry A.F and Johannessen E.P., 1992. T-R sequence stratigraphy, facies analysis and reservoir distribution in the uppermost Triassic-Lower Jurassic succession, western Sverdrup Basin, Arctic Canada. In: Vorren T.O., Bergsager E., Dahl-Stamnes O.A., Holter E., Johansen B., Lie E., Lund T.B. (Eds.), Arctic Geology and Petroleum Potential. Special Publication. Norwegian Petroleum Society (NPF), 2, 121-146.Funabiki A., Haruyama S., Quy N.V., Hai P.V., Thai D.H., 2007. Holocene delta plain development in the Song Hong (Red River) delta, Vietnam. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 30, 518-529.General Department of Land Administration., 1996. Vietnam National Atlas. General Department of Land Administration, Hanoi, 163p.Hanebuth T.J.J. and Stattegger K., 2004. Depositional sequences on a late Pleistocene-Holocene tropical siliciclastic shelf (Sunda shelf, Southeast Asia). Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 23, 113-126.Hanebuth T.J.J., Voris H.K.., Yokoyama Y., Saito Y., Okuno J., 2011. Formation and fate of sedimentary depocenteres on Southeast Asia’s Sunda Shelf over the past sea-level cycle and biogeographic implications. Eath-Science Reviews, 104, 92-110.Hanebuth T., Stattegger K and Grootes P. M., 2000. Rapid flooding of the Sunda Shelf: a late-glacial sea-level record. Science, 288, 1033-1035.Helland-Hansen W and Gjelberg, J.G., 1994. Conceptual basis and variability in sequence stratigraphy: a different perspective. Sedimentary Geology, 92, 31-52.Hori K., Tanabe S., Saito Y., Haruyama S., Nguyen V., Kitamura., 2004. Delta initiation and Holocene sea-level change: example from the Song Hong (Red River) delta, Vietnam. Sedimentary Geology, 164, 237-249.Hunt D. and Tucker M.E., 1992. Stranded parasequences and the forced regressive wedge systems tract: deposition during base-level fall. Sedimentology Geology, 81, 1-9.Hunt D. and Tucker M.E., 1995. Stranded parasequences and the forced regressive wedge systems tract: deposition during base-level fall-reply. Sedimentary Geology, 95, 147-160.Lam D.D. and Boyd W.E., 2000. Holocene coastal stratigraphy and model for the sedimentary development of the Hai Phong area in the Red River delta, north Vietnam. Journal of Geology (Series B), 15-16, 18-28.Lieu N.T.H., 2006. Holocene evolution of the Central Red River Delta, Northern Vietnam. PhD thesis of lithological and mineralogical in Germany, 130p.Luu T.N.M., Garnier J., Billen G., Orange D., Némery J., Le T.P.Q., Tran H.T., Le L.A., 2010. Hydrological regime and water budget of the Red River Delta (Northern Vietnam). Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 37, 219-228.Mather S.J., Davies J., Mc Donal A., Zalasiewicz J.A., and Marsh S., 1996. The Red River Delta of Vietnam. British Geological Survey Technical Report WC/96/02, 41p.Mathers S.J. and Zalasiewicz J.A.,1999. Holocene sedimentary architecture of the Red River delta, Vietnam. Journal of Coastal Research, 15, 314-325.Milliman J.D. and Mead R.H., 1983. Worldwide delivery of river sediment to the oceans. Journal of Geology, 91, 1-21.Milliman J.D and Syvitski J.P.M., 1992. Geomorphic/tectonic control of sediment discharge to the Ocean: the importance of small mountainous rivers. Journal of Geology, 100, 525-544.Mitchum Jr. R.M., Vail P.R., 1977. Seismic stratigraphy and global changes of sea-level. Part 7: stratigraphic interpretation of seismic reflection patterns in depositional sequences. In: Payton C.E. (Ed.), Seismic Stratigraphy-Applications to Hydrocarbon Exploration, A.A.P.G. Memoir, 26, 135-144.Nguyen T.T., 2017. Late Pleistocene-Holocene sedimentary evolution of the South East Vietnam Shelf, PhD thesis (in Vietnamese), Hanoi University of Science, Vietnam, 169p.Nummedal D., Riley G.W., Templet P.T., 1993. High-resolution sequence architecture: a chronostratigraphic model based on equilibrium profile studies. In: Posamentier H.W., Summerhayes C.P., Haq B.U., Allen G.P. (Eds.), Sequence stratigraphy and Facies Associations. International Association of Sedimentologists Special Publication, 18, 55-58.Posamentier H.W. and Allen G.P., 1999. Siliciclastic sequence stratigraphy: concepts and applications. SEPM Concepts in Sedimentology and Paleontology, 7, 210p.Posamentier H.W., Jervey M.T. and Vail P.R., 1988. Eustatic controls on clastic deposition I-Conceptual framework. Sea-level changes-An Integrated Approach, The Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogist. SEPM Special Publication, 42, 109-124.Reineck H.E., Singh I.B., 1980. Depositional sedimentary environments with reference to terrigenous clastics. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York, 551p. Ross K., 2011. Fate of Red River Sediment in the Gulf of Tonkin, Vietnam. Master Thesis. North Carolina State University, 91p.Saito Y., Katayama H., Ikehara K., Kato Y., Matsumoto E., Oguri K., Oda M., Yumoto M. 1998. Transgressive and highstand systems tracts and post-glacial transgression, the East China Sea. Sedimentary Geology, 122, 217-232.Stattegger K., Tjallingii R., Saito Y., Michelli M., Nguyen T.T., Wetzel A., 2013. Mid to late Holocene sea-level reconstruction of Southeast Vietnam using beachrock and beach-ridge deposits. Global and Planetary Change, 110, 214-222.Tanabe S., Hori K., Saito Y., Haruyama S., Doanh L.Q., Sato Y., Hiraide S., 2003a. Sedimentary facies and radiocarbon dates of the Nam Dinh-1 core from the Song Hong (Red River) delta, Vietnam. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 21, 503-513.Tanabe S., Hori K., Saito Y., Haruyama S., Phai V.V., Kitamura A., 2003b. Song Hong (Red River) delta evolution related to millennium-scale Holocene sea-level changes. Quaternary Science Reviews, 22(21-22), 2345-2361.Tanabe S., Saito Y., Lan V.Q., Hanebuth T.J.J., Lan N.Q., Kitamura A., 2006. Holocene evolution of the Song Hong (Red River) delta system, northern Vietnam. Sedimentary Geology, 187, 29-61.Thanh T.D. and Huy D.V., 2000. Coastal development of the modern Red River Delta. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Japan, 5, 276.Tjallingii R., Stattegger K., Wetzel A., Phung VP., 2010. Infilling and flooding of the Mekong River incised valley during deglacial sea-level rise. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29, 1432-1444.Vail P.R., 1987. Seismic stratigraphy interpretation procedure. In: Bally, A.W. (Ed), Atlats of Seismic Stratigraphy. American Association of Petroleum Geologist Studies in Geology, 27, 1-10.Van Wagoner J.C., Posamentier H.W., Mitchum R.M., Vail P.R., Sarg P.R., Louit J.F., Hardenbol J., 1988. An overview of the fundamental of sequence stratigraphy and key definitions. An Integrated Approach, SEPM Special Publication, 42, 39-45.Veeken P.C.H., 2006. Seismic stratigraphy Basin Analysis and Reservoir Characterization. Handbook of geophysical exploration, Elsevier, Oxford, 37509p.Yoo D.G., Kim S.P., Chang T.S., Kong G.S., Kang N.K., Kwon Y.K., Nam S.L., Park S.C., 2014. Late Quaternary inner shelf deposits in response to late Pleistocene-Holocene sea-level changes: Nakdong River, SE Korea. Quaternary International, 344, 156-169.
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Eberth, David A., and Anthony P. Hamblin. "Tectonic, stratigraphic, and sedimentologic significance of a regional discontinuity in the upper Judith River Group (Belly River wedge) of southern Alberta, Saskatchewan, and northern Montana." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 174–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e93-016.
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The lithostratigraphic interval between the Taber and Lethbridge coal zones in the upper portion of the nonmarine Judith River Group of southeastern Alberta is divisible into two lithostratigraphic units separated by a regionally extensive and diachronous discontinuity. The lower unit, referred to here as the Oldman Formation, is characterized by very fine grained to fine-grained sandstones that contain fewer than 2% volcanic rock fragments; sandstone bodies with numerous sets of horizontally stratified sandstone, showing little or no evidence of lateral accretion; siliceous paleosols (ganisters); and a relatively high gamma-ray signal in the upper half of the formation. The Oldman Formation comprises deposits of a low-sinuosity, perhaps ephemeral fluvial system that originated in the southern Cordillera of Canada and northern Montana and flowed northeastward, perpendicular to the axis of the Alberta Basin.The upper unit is assigned to a new formation, the Dinosaur Park Formation, and is characterized by fine- to medium-grained sandstones with up to 10% volcanic rock fragments; sandstone bodies that exhibit lateral-accretion surfaces in the form of inclined heterolithic stratification; numerous articulated dinosaurs and dinosaur bone beds; and a relatively low gamma-ray signal in the lower half of the formation. The Dinosaur Park Formation comprises deposits of a high-sinuosity, fluvial-to-estuarine system that originated in the north and central Cordillera and flowed southeastward, subparallel to the axis of the Alberta Basin.40Ar/39Ar and K–Ar dating of Judith River Group bentonites shows that the contact between the Oldman and Dinosaur Park formations becomes younger toward the south and southeast. These data also demonstrate that the Dinosaur Park Formation clastics migrated southeastward at a rate of approximately 130–140 km/Ma, gradually overstepping the Oldman Formation elastics.The widely recognized north-to-south increase in intensity of overthrust loading along the western margin of the Alberta Basin during the Late Cretaceous is thought to be responsible for (i) differences in accommodation space for the proximal portions of the Oldman and Dinosaur Park formations, and (ii) the establishment of a southerly tilt in the Alberta Basin leading to the southeastward migration of the Dinosaur Park Formation elastics. In the northern portion of the basin, relatively lower rates of subsidence, combined with periods of isostatic rebound in the foredeep, resulted in the southeastward migration of Dinosaur Park Formation elastics as sediment input exceeded accommodation space. In the southern portion of the basin, relatively higher rates of subsidence and little isostatic rebound acted to trap coarse-grained Oldman Formation elastics in the foredeep and may have led to periods of sediment starvation in more distal portions of the basin. An inferred lower depositional slope associated with the Dinosaur Park Formation (relative to the Oldman Formation) is thought to have resulted from gradual loading of the basin as Dinosaur Park Formation elastics migrated southeastward or some form of tectonically induced subsidence.
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Bilotte, Michel, Laurent Koess, and Elie-Jean Debroas. "Relationships between tectonics and sedimentation on the northeastern margin of the Subpyrenean trough during the late Santonian." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 176, no. 5 (September 1, 2005): 443–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/176.5.443.
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Abstract In the eastern part of the Aquitaine Basin and to the south of the Toulouse high, the Subpyrenean trough is a narrow trench oriented N110°E to N130° E. The deposits on the northeastern side of this depression are preserved in the autochthonous Mesozoic cover of the Variscan Mouthoumet Massif, but also in the parautochthonous or allochthonous tectonic units that fringe to the north (Camps – Peyrepertuse slice, fig. 2) the North Pyrenean frontal thrust. From the Middle Cenomanian to the Lower Santonian included (96 to 85 Ma ago), the sedimentation in the Mouthoumet Massif indicates shallow marine carbonate or mixed (carbonate to terrigenous) conditions. The different facies depend mainly on two parameters : the variations of the accommodation space for sedimentation and the location of the numerous rudist buildups. The deposits are first organized in a homoclinal ramp until the Turonian. From the Coniacian up to the early Santonian, drowned platform patterns prevail. During the late Santonian and more precisely around 85 Ma with an other event around 84 Ma, the Mouthoumet Massif and its cover broke up under tectonic stresses. Positive and negative topographies reactivate the Variscan fault system. Platform – slope/basin morphologies substituted the preceeding ramp and drowned platform morphology. Looking to the south and in the direction N120°E, the distal slope received gravitational and turbiditic sediments called the Grès de Labastide (fig. 7). The sediment supply shifted from north to south and from east to west. To the north of this slope, the platform itself broke up into a mosaic of rhomboedric blocks, leading to a graben and horst morphology. Those units are clearly different according to the character of their sedimentary facies, deltaic or reefal (Montagne des Cornes, Calcaires de Camps – Peyrepertuse). The detailed stratigraphic and sedimentologic studies of some of these systems reveal a tectono-sedimentary evolution involving two successive cycles Ss1 (lower Upper Santonian) and Ss2 (Uppermost Santonian). In the western part of the Mouthoumet Massif this cyclic evolution is recorded from south to north, on the Parahou slope, the Rennes-les-Bains graben and the Bugarach horst. The lower cycle Ss1, located on the Rennes-les-Bains graben, is approximatively 85 Ma to 84 Ma in age. It starts with reworked deposits (lowstand systems tract) made up of sometimes several m3 elements derived from former sedimentary deposits (from Turonian up to Lower Santonian) even when the same deposits are in place on the adjacent horsts (e.g. the eastern horst of Bugarach). Those reworked deposits fill the bottom of the graben, principally in the transit zones (debris-flows of the Conglomerat de la Ferrière), or in the Parahou slope (slumps and debris-flows of the Cascade des Mathieux); then the deltaic complex of Rennes-les-Bains covers the older chaotic deposits; the blue marls and the overlying sandy facies (transgressive and highstand systems tracts) related to prodelta and deltafront deposits represent the infilling of the Rennes-les Bains graben. The upper cycle Ss2 developed probably between 84 Ma to 83,5 Ma; its geographical extension overlaps the limits of the lower cycle (e.g. the Bugarach horst), but its sedimentary organisation is still the same including: on the Parahou slope debris-flow and intrabasinal reworking (Conglomérat des Gascous: lowstand systems tract); on the northern platform transgressive and highstand systems tracts, present in the Montagne des Cornes delta where the Marnes bleues de Sougraigne represent the prodelta deposits, and the terrigenous and rudist buildups of the delta front deposits (fig.7). The final infilling results from the spreading from NE to SW, of the (estuarine ? to) fluvial deposits of the Grès d’Alet Formation at around 83 Ma. In the eastern part of the Mouthoumet Massif, sedimentary development is punctuated by tectonic events. Nevertheless, it is possible to identify in some outcrops the main elements of the two tectono-sedimentary cycles. – The cycle Ss1 is partly preserved in the genetic sequence which links the Calcaires de Camps-Peyrepertuse (shelf margin wedge systems tract) and the Marnes du Pla de Sagnes (transgressive systems tract). The cycle Ss2 is only known through different facies of the Grès de Labastide Formation: reworked deposits on the slope; coarse-grained silicoclastic deposits on the transit zones. – In the cycle Ss1 differences appear between the western and the eastern parts of the Mouthoumet massif. When in the western area deltaic conditions prevailed, in the eastern area a shallow carbonate and buildup facies developed. Such differences disappear in the cycle Ss2 by the general establishment of fore slope deltaic deposits. The geodynamic reconstruction resulting from plate kinematics indicates a major change between the early Coniacian (89 Ma) and the Middle Campanian (79 Ma), when the sinistral/divergent motion of Iberia with respect to stable Europe turned to a dextral/convergent movement. The tectono-sedimentary events presented here took place during this period (85 Ma to 83 Ma). The tectono-sedimentary evolution of the subpyrenean trough and the shift of the European and Iberian plates are thought to be intimately linked. The new chronological and geodynamical data proposed herein show that the genesis and the evolution of the subpyrenean sedimentary processes related to the northern Aquitanian margin of the Subpyrenean trough allow to draw some basic conclusions: – the opening of the Subpyrenean trough occurred in two steps, the first around 85 Ma and the second around 84 Ma; – this caused a change in the sedimentary setting with platform environments replacing the earlier ramp geometry; – the Subpyrenean trough formed and evolved under transtensive tectonic conditions; – during the late Santonian two tectono-eustatic sequences marked the former stages of the eastward opening and infilling of this basin; – the diachronous infilling which began here around 83,5 Ma prograded to the western Plantaurel and Petites-Pyrénées area; – no significant northward shifting of the depositional-axis of the Senonian basins occurred; – only a gradual westward shift of the depositional centers, along the subpyrenean direction of the slope area (N110°E to N130°E) was noticed.
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Todd A. Ehlers, Marjorie A. Chan. "Tidal Sedimentology and Estuarine Deposition of the Proterozoic Big Cottonwood Formation, Utah." SEPM Journal of Sedimentary Research Vol. 69 (1999), (1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/d4268b35-2b26-11d7-8648000102c1865d.
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Larry G. Ward, Michael S. Kearney. "Impact of Sea Level Rise on the Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of Estuarine Systems: ABSTRACT." AAPG Bulletin 72 (1988). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/703c8b91-1707-11d7-8645000102c1865d.
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Kumar., V., S. V. Roopa, and K. Gangadhar. "Sedimentological characters of the mangrove ecosystem of Kali estuary, Karwar, west coast of India." Sustainability, Agri, Food and Environmental Research 1, no. 1 (September 30, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.7770/safer-v1n1-art783.
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Estuarine mangroves give natural support to the protection of the riverbanks, due to their accumulative nature. To study this effect, it is necessary to measure sedimentation rates under estuarine mangroves. Sediment plays an important role in the storage and release of nutrient into the water column, the mineralization of organic carbon deposits by various kinds of microbes. In association with other parameters, the sediment is responsible for the variations in densities of majority of benthic organisms. Regular monthly collections of bottom water and sediment were made for a period thirteen months from January 2008 and January 2009 at five different study sites using the motorized outrigger canoe. The present investigation encompassed collection of data pertaining to various aspects of sedimentology. Sediment temperature varied from 25.100c to 30.450c. The pH ranged between 6.18 to 8.30. Organic carbon Varied between 2.06 to 29.45%, moisture content varied from 20.10% to 41.88.Values of interstitial water content is varied between 1.60% to 30.95%. Wide variation in the percentage composition of sand (28.45% to 80.10%), silt (12.78% to 54.28%), and clay (3.66% to 33.63%) was observed.Keywords: Sedimetology , Ecosystem, Mangrove, Kali river, Karwar.
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VEIGA, Fernando Alvim, Rodolfo José ANGULO, Eduardo MARONE, and Frederico Pereira BRANDINI. "CARACTERÍSTICAS SEDIMENTOLÓGICAS DA PLATAFORMA CONTINENTAL INTERNA RASA NA PORÇÃO CENTRAL DO LITORAL PARANAENSE." Boletim Paranaense de Geociências 55 (December 31, 2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/geo.v55i0.4285.
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O objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar os sedimentos da plataforma continental interna paranaense entre as profundidades de 5 a 15 m entre os estuários de Guaratuba, ao sul e Paranaguá, ao norte da área de estudo. Informações batimétricas, análises granulométricas e determinação de teores de carbonato e matéria orgânica de amostras de sedimentos de fundo permitiram a geração dos mapas temáticos. Observou-se uma grande predominância de areia fina, porém a média granulométrica dos sedimentos varia do silte grosso até a areia grossa. Foram identificados cinco padrões distintos de sedimentos na área estudada: i) as areias fina e muito fina do delta de maré vazante associado à desembocadura sul do Complexo Estuarino de Paranaguá; ii) as areias muito finas bimodais, com teores de finos entre 10 e 40 %, localizadas próximas à costa, iii) as areias média e grossa unimodais; iv) as areias finas na faixa dos 10 a 15 m de profundidade, unimodais menos selecionadas que as areias finas do delta de maré vazante; v) as areias finas a muito finas das barras do início da zona de arrebentação. SHOREFACE SEDIMENTOLOGY AT PARANÁ MIDDLE COAST Abstract The aim of this work aims at knowing the shallow inner continental shelf between 5 and 15 m water depths of the State of Paraná between the Guaratuba (south) and Paranaguá (north) estuaries. Bathymetric data, grain size analysis and carbonate and organic matter rates of bottom sediments samples allowed to make thematic charts of this deposicional environment. The predominance of fine sand is quite large; despite the mean grain size of the samples varies (coarse silt to coarse sand). It was identified five different sediment patterns at the study area: i) fine and very fine sands of the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex south mouth tide delta; ii) bimodal very fine sand with 10 to 40% rates of silt and clay that occurs near the coastline between 5 and 10 m water depths; iii) unimodal medium and coarse sand sediments; iv) fine sand sediments between 10 and 15 m water depths, unimodal but different from the delta fine sands because the distributions in more Ø intervals; v) fine and very fine sands of the beach braking bars zone.
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Lisa A. Griffith1, Joe Stuhec1. "ABSTRACT: 3D Reservoir Model of an Estuarine Valley-fill Based on 3D Seismic and Detailed Sedimentology, Glauconite Fm, Central Alberta, Canada." AAPG Bulletin 86 (2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/61eee99e-173e-11d7-8645000102c1865d.
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Hesse, Reinhard, and Hemdat Sawh. "Geology and sedimentology of the Upper Devonian Escuminac Formation, Québec, and evaluation of its paleoenvironment: lacustrine versus estuarine turbidite sequence." Atlantic Geology 28, no. 3 (November 1, 1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.4138/1867.
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Asp, Nils Edvin, Eduardo Siegle, Carlos Augusto França Schettini, Arthur Pires Losso, and Antonio Henrique Da Fontoura Klein. "Geologia e hipsometria de bacias de drenagem do centro-norte catarinense (Brasil): implicações para a zona costeira." Quaternary and Environmental Geosciences 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/abequa.v1i2.17228.
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A região centro-norte do Estado de Santa Catarina/Brasil é composta basicamente pelas bacias hidrográficas dos rios Itajaí-Açu, Itapocu e Tijucas, drenando diretamente para o Atlântico Sul. O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar e correlacionar a hipsometria dessas bacias para melhor entender a evolução holocênica e a dinâmica dos estuários e planícies costeiras associadas àqueles rios. Foram compilados dados gerais da cobertura geológico-sedimentar, topografia, dimensões e clima de cada bacia hidrográfica. Esses dados foram analisados e interpretados no contexto geomorfológico. Dados de hidrodinâmica e sedimentologia dos estuários e estratigrafia das planícies costeiras foram também considerados. Os resultados apontam diferenças importantes na geologia, topografia, perfis de talvegue e hipsometria das bacias estudadas. Foram também identificadas diferenças significativas na morfologia, dinâmica e estratigrafia das respectivas regiões estuarinas e planícies costeiras, que foram diretamente correlacionadas com as características das bacias de drenagem.
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AGUIAR, Ponciana Freire de, Maâmar El Robrini, George Satander Sá, and Juliana De Sá Guerreiro. "Compartimentação morfológica de uma planície costeira dominada por Mesomaré em Almofala – Ceará." Novos Cadernos NAEA 18, no. 3 (December 30, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.5801/ncn.v18i3.1840.
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A zona costeira de Almofala, com uma faixa de 8 km de largura é condicionada por altas temperaturas (>25ºC), pluviometria média de 1.172,21mm, ventos de 5.5m/s, mesomarés de 1.48 m de amplitude e ondas de 0.56 m de altura. A compartimentação morfológica da Planície Costeira de Almofala foi realizada com base em dados de sensores remotos (Quick Bird, 2004; Landsat 5TM, 2006) para geração de MDT (Modelo Digital de Terreno) por interpolação de krigagem e de mapas temáticos (curvas de nível e declividade), em coleta de pontos X, Y e Z, e perfis topográficos com DGPS (Differential Global Positioning System) e sedimentologia. A planície costeira de Almofala possui o planalto costeiro com tabuleiros costeiros, incluindo tabuleiros litorâneos (8.031.957m2) e plataforma de abrasão (34.654m2); a planície costeira inclui a planície aluvial (planície de inundação e terraços com 944.912m2); planície estuarina (planície fluviolagunar/847.036m2, planície de intermaré/5.782.520m2, canais de maré e delta/66.696m2); e a planície arenosa (dunas fixas/ eolianitos 13.879.382m2, dunas móveis/1.463.971 m2, praias de Almofala, da Barreira e de Torrões/837.031 m2).
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Aguilar, Teresita, and Guillermo E. Alvarado. "Tafonomía y sedimentología de la Paleobiota Estuarina en los Cerros Barbudal (Costa Rica) sepultada por vulcanismo neógeno." Revista Geológica de América Central, no. 30 (June 1, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rgac.v0i30.7276.
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Mazumdar, Aninda. "Recent contributions to the geochemistry and sedimentology of estuaries, mangroves, and mudbanks along the Indian coast: A status report." Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy 86 (February 11, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.16943/ptinsa/2020/49779.
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"The Pleistocene sea-level and neotectonic history of the eastern Solent, southern England." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences 328, no. 1249 (June 15, 1990): 425–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1990.0120.
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In the eastern extremity of the Isle of Wight, near Bembridge, marine interglacial deposits occur at a variety of different elevations. The highest of these, the Steyne Wood Clay, is an estuarine deposit that lies between 38 and 40 m o.d . and rests on Bembridge Marls (Lower Oligocene). The Steyne Wood Clay, which had previously been assigned to the post-temperate substage of a Middle Pleistocene interglacial, has now yielded a diverse coccolith assemblage dominated by Gephyrocapsa oceanica and G. caribbeanica . The absence of both Pseudoemiliania lacunosa , with a last occurrence datum at ca. 0.475 M a B P. and Emiliania huxleyi , with a first occurrence datum at ca. 0.275 Ma B P, suggests deposition during this time interval. The dating of the Steyne Wood Clay is further constrained by palaeomagnetic data, indicating normal geomagnetic polarity, and by amino acid ratios consistent with an early M iddle Pleistocene age. An extended and revised list of Foraminifera and Ostracoda is given, including the description of Leptocythere steynewoodensis sp.nov. The low-level interglacial deposits make up the Bembridge Raised Beach, here formally defined as consisting of high-energy beach gravels, intertidal sands and organic muds, which represent a single fining-upwards sequence. Pollen analysis of the organic muds indicates that these accumulated during the early and late-temperate substages of the Ipswichian interglacial (Ip IIb - III) . Therm oluminescence dates of ca . 115 Ka BP have been obtained from sand lenses within the Raised Beach itself, which also support correlation with the Ipswichian. The Bembridge Raised Beach occupies an altitudinal range of 5-18 M O.D . and thickens rapidly in a westerly direction where it abuts a cliff cut into the Bembridge Marls. Details are given of the composition, morphology and sedimentology of the gravels constituting the Beach, and similarities to recent cuspate foreland and split accumulations are highlighted. A similar origin is proposed for this feature. The upper surface of the Beach has been soliflucted and deposits of matrixsupported gravel, rich in clay, thicken downslope in an easterly direction. This solifluction has been disturbed by cryoturbation. Both the in situ and soliflucted beach are mantled by brickearth, a reworked aeolian silt, which reaches a maximum thickness of 10 m. A Late Devensian age for this unit has been established by thermoluminescence dates in the range 16.0+1.5 to 21.5 + 2 K a BP. Near Lane End, a sedge-peat rich in plant macrofossils and insects occurs between two gravel units. These appear to post-date the Raised Beach and are interpreted as of fluvial origin. The gravel capping the cliffs at Priory Bay, the richest source of Palaeolithic artefacts on the Isle of Wight, occurs between 29 and 33 M O.D. and is also thought to be a fluvial aggradation unrelated to the Raised Beach. The relationship of these marine deposits to those occurring on the adjacent mainland are considered. The Steyne Wood Clay is correlated with the Slindon Sands at Boxgrove, part of the Goodwood-Slindon Raised Beach, which occur at an identical elevation and have produced a similarly diverse coccolith assemblage. Additional palaeontological evidence from Boxgrove suggests that the interglacial deposits should be assigned to a temperate stage falling in the latter part of the ‘Cromerian Complex’. Correlation of the Steyne Wood Clay and Slindon Sands with oxygen isotope stage 9, 11 or 13 seems very probable. Reasons for the occurrence of marine deposits of this age at ca. 40 M O.D.. are considered and it is thought that neotectonic activity is at least partly responsible. Mean rates of uplift of between 5.3 and 15.5 mm ka -1 have been calculated from age estimates for stages 9, 11 and 13 derived from the deep-sea record. However, it is unlikely that the uplift was uniform in either rate or direction. The diverse coccolith assemblages preserved in the Steyne Wood Clay and in the Slindon Sands indicate a full open connection with the marine waters of the central English Channel, and suggests that a thermocline was then present in the Channel at a time when the Straits of Dover were probably closed. The interglacial channel deposits on the modern foreshore of Bracklesham Bay near Earnley have produced a limited coccolith assemblage. Because the altitudinal and palynological differences between these deposits and the Steyne Wood Clay are so great, they are thought to belong to different interglacial stages. The Bembridge Raised Beach is thought to equate with similar deposits on the northern shore of the Solent at Selsey, Stone and West Wittering, which has also now yielded pollen, reported here.
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Seyfried, Hartmut, Peter Sprechmann, and Teresita Aguilar. "Sedimentología v paleoecología de un estuario del litoral Pacífico del Istmo Centroamericano Primordial (Mioceno Medio, Costa Rica)." Revista Geológica de América Central, no. 03 (June 1, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rgac.v0i03.10489.
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