Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'ESTIMATES OF CONVERGENCE'
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Beckmann, Matthias [Verfasser], and Armin [Akademischer Betreuer] Iske. "Error Estimates and Convergence Rates for Filtered Back Projection Reconstructions / Matthias Beckmann ; Betreuer: Armin Iske." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1161530479/34.
Full textBeckmann, Matthias Verfasser], and Armin [Akademischer Betreuer] [Iske. "Error Estimates and Convergence Rates for Filtered Back Projection Reconstructions / Matthias Beckmann ; Betreuer: Armin Iske." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-91742.
Full textVerbitsky, Anton [Verfasser], and W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Reichel. "Positive Solutions for the Discrete Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation: A Priori Estimates and Convergence / Anton Verbitsky. Betreuer: W. Reichel." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1061069214/34.
Full textSchroeder, Gregory C. "Estimates for the rate of convergence of finite element approximations of the solution of a time-dependent variational inequality." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17404.
Full textThe main aim of this thesis is to analyse two types of general finite element approximations to the solution of a time-dependent variational inequality. The two types of approximations considered are the following: 1. Semi-discrete approximations, in which only the spatial domain is discretised by finite elements; 2. fully discrete approximations, in which the spatial domain is again discretised by finite elements and, in addition, the time domain is discretised and the time-derivatives appearing in the variational inequality are approximated by backward differences. Estimates of the error inherent in the above two types of approximations, in suitable Sobolev norms, are obtained; in particular, these estimates express the rate of convergence of successive finite element approximations to the solution of the variational inequality in terms of element size h and, where appropriate, in terms of the time step size k. In addition, the above analysis is preceded by related results concerning the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the variational inequality and is followed by an application in elastoplasticity theory.
Braun, Alina [Verfasser], Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Kohler, and Volker [Akademischer Betreuer] Betz. "In Theory and Practice - On the Rate of Convergence of Implementable Neural Network Regression Estimates / Alina Braun ; Michael Kohler, Volker Betz." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1238783104/34.
Full textMiraglio, Pietro. "Estimates and rigidity for stable solutions to some nonlinear elliptic problems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668832.
Full textMi tesis se encaja en el estudio de las EDPs elípticas. Está dividida en dos partes: la primera trata una ecuación no-lineal con el p-Laplaciano, la segunda de un problema no-local. En la primera parte, estudiamos la regularidad de las soluciones estables de una ecuación no lineal con el p-Laplaciano en un dominio acotado. Esta ecuacion es la versión no-lineal de la ámpliamente estudiada ecuacion semilineal con el Laplaciano. Cabré, Figalli, Ros-Oton, y Serra han demostrado recientemente que las soluciones estables de las ecuaciones semilineales son acotadas, y por tanto regulares, hasta la dimensión 9. Este resultado es optimal. En el caso del p-Laplaciano, la regularidad de las soluciones estables se conjetura de ser cierta hasta una dimension critica y, de hecho, se conocen ejemplos de soluciones no acotadas cuando la dimension llega al valor critico. Además, se ha demostrado que en el caso radial o assumiendo hipótesis fuertes sobre la no-linealidad las soluciones estables son acotadas hasta la dimension critica. En el primer capítulo, demostramos que las soluciones estables son acotadas, bajo una nueva condición en n y p, que es optimal en el caso radial, y más restrictiva en el caso general. Esta investigación mejora conocidos resultados del tema y es el primer ejemplo, para el p-Laplaciano, de un método que produce un resultado para el caso general y un resultado optimal en el caso radial. En la primera parte, nos ocupamos también de las desigualdades funcionales del tipo Hardy y Sobolev sobre hipersuperfícies del espacio Euclideo, todas conteniendo un término de curvatura media. Nuestra motivación proviene de varias apliaciones que tienen estas desigualdades en el estudio de estimaciones para las soluciones estables. En detalle, damos una demostración simple de la conocida desigualdad de Michael-Simon y Allard, obtenemos dos formas nuevas de la desigualdad de Hardy sobre hipersuperfícies, y otra desigualdad de Hardy-Poincaré. En la segunda parte, nos ocupamos de un problema de Dirichlet-Neumann que emerge de un modelo para las ondas en el agua. El sistema se describe con una ecuación de difusión en una tira de altura fija, que contiene un parámetro a en (-1,1). La parte superior de la tira es dotada de una condicion 0 de Neumann, mientras en la parte inferior tenemos un dato de Dirichlet y una ecuación con una nonlinearidad regular. Este problema puede ser reformulado como una ecuación no-local sobre la componente dotada del dato de Dirichlet, definiendo un operador de Dirichlet-Neumann apropiado. Primero, demostramos un teorema del tipo Liouville, que garantiza la simetría unidimensional de las soluciones monótonas, asumiendo un control sobre el crecimiento de la energía asociada. Como consecuencia, obtenemos la simetría 1D de las soluciones estables en dimension 2. Para n=3, obtenemos estimaciónes optimales de la energía para las soluciones que minimizan la energía y para las soluciones monótonas. Estas estimaciones nos conducen a la simetría 1D de estas clases de soluciones, aplicando nuestro teorema del tipo Liouville. Relativo a este problema, estudiamos también la naturaleza del operador de Dirichlet-Neumann. Primero, deducimos su expresión como operador de Fourier, que anteriormente solo se conocía para a=0. Este resultado evidencia la naturaleza del operador, que es no-local pero no puramente fraccionaria. Estudiamos en profundidad este comportamiento mixto del operador a través del estudio de la G-convergencia de un funcional energía asociado al operador. Demostramos la G-convergencia de nuestro funcional a un límite que corresponde a una energía de interacción pura cuando a en (0,1) y al perímetro clásico cuando a en (-1,0]. El límite a=0, así como el G-límite para el régimen a en (-1,0], es común a otros problemas no-locales tratados en la literatura. Al contrario, el funcional límite en el régimen puramente no-local es nuevo y diferente a otros funciona
Questa tesi si occupa di equazioni differenziali alle derivate parziali di tipo ellittico. È divisa in due parti: la prima riguarda un’equazione nonlineare per il p-Laplaciano, mentre la seconda è incentrata su un problema nonlocale, che può essere formulato per mezzo di un operatore di Dirichlet-Neumann collegato con il Laplaciano frazionario. Nella prima parte, studiamo la regolarità delle soluzioni stabili dell’equazione nonlineare per il p-Laplaciano dove W è un dominio limitato, p 2 (1,+¥) e f è una nonlinearità C1. Questa equazione è la versione nonlineare dell’equazione semilineare ������������Du = f (u) in un dominio limitato W Rn, che è stata ampiamente studiata in letteratura. Molto recentemente, Cabré, Figalli, Ros-Oton, e Serra [38] hanno dimostrato che le soluzioni stabili delle equazioni semilineari sono limitate, e quindi regolari, in dimensione n 9. Questo risultato è ottimale, dato che esempi di soluzioni illimitate e stabili sono noti in dimensione n 10. Inoltre, i risultati in [38] forniscono una risposta completa ad un annoso problema aperto, proposto da Brezis e Vázquez [25], sulla regolarità delle soluzioni estremali dell’equazione ������������Du = l f (u). Queste ultime sono infatti esempi non banali di soluzioni stabili di equazioni semilineari, che possono essere limitate o illimitate in dipendenza della dimensione n, del dominio W, e della nonlinearità f . In questa tesi studiamo la limitatezza delle soluzioni stabili di (0.4), che si congettura essere vera fino alla dimensione n < p + 4p/(p ������������ 1). Sono infatti noti esempi di soluzioni stabili e illimitate quando n p + 4p/(p ������������ 1), anche quando il dominio è la palla unitaria. Inoltre, nel caso radiale o assumendo ipotesi forti sulla nonlinearità, è stato dimostrato che le soluzioni stabili di (0.4) sono limitate quando n < p + 4p/(p ������������ 1). Nel Capitolo 1 della tesi dimostriamo una nuova stima L¥ a priori per le soluzioni stabili di (0.4), assumendo una nuova condizione su n e p, che è ottimale nel caso radiale e più restrittiva nel caso generale. Il nostro risultato migliora ciò che è noto in letteratura e ed è il primo esempio di tecnica che produce sia un risultato nel caso non radiale sia il risultato ottimale nel caso radiale. Per ottenere questo risultato estendiamo al caso del p-Laplaciano una tecnica sviluppata da Cabré [30] per il caso classico del problema, con p = 2. La strategia si basa su una disuguaglianza di Hardy sugli insiemi di livello della soluzione, combinata con una disuguaglianza di tipo geometrico per le soluzioni stabili di (0.4). Nella prima parte della tesi ci occupiamo anche di disuguaglianze funzionali di tipo Hardy e Sobolev, su ipersuperfici dello spazio euclideo. Nel fare ciò siamo motivati dalle varie applicazioni di questo tipo di risultati allo studio di stime a priori per le soluzioni stabili, sia nel caso semilineare che nel caso nonlineare ...
MIRAGLIO, PIETRO. "ESTIMATES AND RIGIDITY FOR STABLE SOLUTIONS TO SOME NONLINEAR ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/704717.
Full textThis thesis deals with the study of elliptic PDEs. The first part of the thesis is focused on the regularity of stable solutions to a nonlinear equation involving the p-Laplacian, in a bounded domain of the Euclidean space. The technique is based on Hardy-Sobolev inequalities in hypersurfaces involving the mean curvature, which are also investigated in the thesis. The second part concerns, instead, a nonlocal problem of Dirichlet-to-Neumann type. We study the one-dimensional symmetry of some subclasses of stable solutions, obtaining new results in dimensions n=2, 3. In addition, we carry out the study of the asymptotic behaviour of the operator associated with this nonlocal problem, using Γ-convergence techniques.
Courtès, Clémentine. "Analyse numérique de systèmes hyperboliques-dispersifs." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS467/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study some hyperbolic-dispersive partial differential equations. A significant part is devoted to the numerical analysis and more precisely to the convergence of some finite difference schemes for the Korteweg-de Vries equation and abcd systems of Boussinesq. The numerical study follows the classical steps of consistency and stability. The main idea is to transpose at the discrete level the weak-strong stability property for hyperbolic conservation laws. We determine the convergence rate and we quantify it according to the Sobolev regularity of the initial datum. If necessary, we regularize the initial datum for the consistency estimates to be always valid. An optimization step is thus necessary between this regularization and the convergence rate of the scheme. A second part is devoted to the existence of traveling waves for the Korteweg-de Vries-Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation. By classical methods of dynamical systems : extended systems, Lyapunov function, Melnikov integral, for instance, we prove the existence of oscillating small amplitude traveling waves
Bazan, Rodolfo S. Cermeno. "Evaluating convergence with median-unbiased estimators in panel data." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1277906836.
Full textPieczynski, Wojciech. "Sur diverses applications de la décantation des lois de probabilité dans la théorie générale de l'estimation statistique." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066064.
Full textReichelt, Sina. "Two-scale homogenization of systems of nonlinear parabolic equations." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17385.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to derive homogenization results for two different types of systems of nonlinear parabolic equations, namely reaction-diffusion systems involving different diffusion length scales and Cahn-Hilliard-type equations. The coefficient functions of the considered parabolic equations are periodically oscillating with a period which is proportional to the ratio between the charactersitic microscopic and macroscopic length scales. In view of greater structural insight and less computational effort, it is our aim to rigorously derive effective equations as the period tends to zero such that solutions of the original model converge to solutions of the effective model. To account for the periodic microstructure as well as for the different diffusion length scales, we employ the method of two-scale convergence via periodic unfolding. In the first part of the thesis, we consider reaction-diffusion systems, where for some species the diffusion length scale is of order of the macroscopic length scale and for other species it is of order of the microscopic one. Based on the notion of strong two-scale convergence, we prove that the effective model is a two-scale reaction-diffusion system depending on the macroscopic and the microscopic scale. Our approach supplies explicit rates for the convergence of the solution. In the second part, we consider Cahn-Hilliard-type equations with position-dependent mobilities and general potentials. It is well-known that the classical Cahn-Hilliard equation admits a gradient structure. Based on the Gamma-convergence of the energies and the dissipation potentials, we prove evolutionary Gamma-convergence, for the associated gradient system such that we obtain in the limit of vanishing periods a Cahn-Hilliard equation with homogenized coefficients.
Lombard, Christophe. "Estimateurs de la densité basés sur des partitions : Convergence et normalité asymptotique." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20154.
Full textDelVecchio, Micah. "The Use of Conditional Convergence Between Economies to Estimate Steady State Incomes Within Economies." Thesis, Colorado State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3635596.
Full textThis dissertation introduces a panel data method to estimate country-specific steady state levels of output in an augmented Solow growth model. The use of panel data permits the estimation of a country-specific effect which can explain the surprising result that many developing economies are above their steady states. These empirical results also confirm that the augmented Solow model can explain the present cross-country income divergence of developed and developing economies. Another application finds evidence that the post-Soviet economies began their transition toward markets with initial conditions of overcapitalization. Finally, when the results are sufficient, there is also the possibility of describing an entire period of growth and gaining insights into future periods. This is shown with the OECD economies.
In Islam (1995), panel data is first used to estimate the parameters of the Solow growth model. The following year, Cho and Graham (1996) published a small paper which illustrates a simple way to compute steady state levels of per capita income by using the results of cross-sectional convergence tests. This dissertation simply combines these two methods with the result that the interpretations are more satisfying. In sum, we find that countries can begin a period of development above or below their steady states and that countries converging from above should be considered to be overcapitalized. This implies that development through investment can only succeed when there is convergence from below the steady state. Above the steady state, total factor productivity is too low to sustain the relatively high levels of capital.
The organization of the dissertation is linear with an introduction preceding the second chapter's literature review and the development of a theoretical and empirical model in the third chapter. The applications of the method then follow. Chapter 4 uses a worldwide sample to compare the result to other work and to show that this fundamental model of growth theory can explain the observed increasing levels of international inequality. Chapter 5 takes a look at the transition economies. In addition to finding evidence of overcapitalization, this dissertation finds a positive correlation between growth and the privatization of small business under transition. Additionally, there is a negative impact of price liberalization under the conditions of repressed inflation experienced by many Soviet-era planned economies. Chapter 6 uses a sample of OECD economies to obtain a significant deterministic, technological growth rate. This is possible because the countries are similar enough to make the assumption that they have the same growth rate more realistic. This enables an understanding of steady states after the initial period and leading into the most contemporaneous period of the sample.
Keywords: macroeconomic analyses of economic development; institutions and growth; measurement of economic growth; cross-country output convergence; models with panel data; government policy; socialist systems and transitional economies: political economy, property rights; socialist institutions and their transitions
Shikongo, Albert. "Numerical Treatment of Non-Linear singular pertubation problems." Thesis, Online access, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/usrfiles/modules/etd/docs/etd_gen8Srv25Nme4_3831_1257936459.pdf.
Full textHoufaidi, Souad. "Robustesse et comportement asymptotique d'estimateurs des paramètres d'une série chronologique : (AR(P) et ARMA(P, Q))." Nancy 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN10065.
Full textHenkouche, Meriem. "Estimateurs du maximum de vraisemblance dans des processus autorégressifs non-linéaires." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30216.
Full textMoon, Kyoung-Sook. "Convergence rates of adaptive algorithms for deterministic and stochastic differential equations." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Numerical Analysis and Computer Science, NADA, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-1382.
Full textNavarro, Fabien. "Estimateurs adaptatifs avec parcimonie structurée." Caen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CAEN2046.
Full textThis thesis presents new statistical procedures in a non-parametric framework and studies both their theoretical and empirical properties. Our works are devoted to two differents topics which have in common the indirect observation of the unknown functional parameter. The first part is dedicated to a block thresholding estimation procedure for the Gaussian white noise model. We focus on the adaptive estimation of a signal f and its derivatives from n blurred and noisy versions of the signal and prove that our estimator achieve the optimal minimax rate over a wide class of balls Besov. Then, we propose an adaptive estimation procedure for selecting the parameters of the estimator in an optimal way by minimizing an unbiased estimator of the risk. In the second part, we consider the context of the density model in which the unknown function undergoes a given transformation before being observed. We construct and study an adaptive estimator based on a on a plug-in approach and the wavelets methodology. Finally, we focus on the problem of estimating the convolution of densities. We propose an adaptive estimator based on kernel methods, Fourier analysis and the Lepski method. We study the L2-risk properties of the estimator. Fast and new rates of convergence are determined for a wide class of unknown functions. Each estimation method is numerically analyzed by simulation, both simulated and real data
Hamdoune, Saïd. "Étude des problèmes d'estimation de certains modèles ARMA évolutifs." Nancy 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NAN10052.
Full textWei, Tianwen. "Analyse de la convergence de l'algorithme FastICA : échantillon de taille finie et infinie." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10030/document.
Full textThe FastICA algorithm is one of the most popular algorithms in the domain of Independent Component Analysis (ICA). There exist two versions of FastICA: the one that corresponds to the ideal case that the sample size is infinite, and the one that deal with the practical situation, where a sample of finite size is available. In this thesis, we made a detailed study of the rate of convergence of the FastICA algorithm of both versions, and we established five criteria for the choice of the non-linearity function. In the first three chapters, we introduced the problem of ICA and revisited the classical results. In Chapitre 4, we studied the convergence of empirical FastICA and the link between the limit of empirical FastICA and the critical points of the empirical contrast function. In Chapter 5, we used the technique of M-estimator to obtain the asymptotic normality and the asymptotic covariance matrix of the FastICA estimator. This allowed us to derive four criteria to choose the non-linearity function. A fifth criterion for the choice of the non-linearity function was studied in Chapter 6. This criterion is based on the rate of convergence of the empirical FastICA algorithm. At the end of each chapter, we provided numerical simulations that validate our theoretical results
Seck, Cheikh Tidiane. "Estimation non-paramétrique et convergence faible des mesures de pauvreté." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00825389.
Full textSchoenig, Gregory Neumann. "Contributions to Robust Adaptive Signal Processing with Application to Space-Time Adaptive Radar." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26972.
Full textPh. D.
Freise, Fritjof [Verfasser], and Rainer [Akademischer Betreuer] Schwabe. "On convergence of the maximum likelihood estimator in adaptive designs / Fritjof Freise. Betreuer: Rainer Schwabe." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1098306937/34.
Full textBenaid, Brahim. "Convergence en loi d'intégrales stochastiques et estimateurs des moindres carrés de certains modèles statistiques instables." Toulouse, INSA, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ISAT0030.
Full textIn many recent applications, statistics are under the form of discrete stochastic integrals. In this work, we establish a basic theorem on the convergence in distribution of a sequence of discrete stochastic integrals. This result extends earlier corresponding theorems in Chan & Wei (1988) and in Truong-van & Larramendy (1996). Its proof is not based on the classical martingale approximation technique, but from a derivation of Kurtz & Protter's theorem (1991) on the convergence in distribution of sequences of Itô stochastic integrals relative to two semi-martigales and another approximation technique. Furthermore, various applications to asymptotic statistics are also given, mainly those concerning least squares estimators for ARMAX(p,r,q) models and purely unstable integrated ARCH models
Benhmida, Saïd. "Robustesse et comportement asymptotique d'un TRA-estimateur des coefficients d'un processus ARMA (p,q)." Nancy 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NAN10035.
Full textVarachaud, Pascal. "Etude asymptotique des estimateurs de type moindres carrés pour des processus ARMA instables-stables." Pau, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PAUU3024.
Full textHamon, Abdellatif. "Estimation d'une densité de probabilité multidimensionnelle par dualité." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUES055.
Full textYahaya, Mohamed. "Extension au cadre spatial de l'estimation non paramétrique par noyaux récursifs." Thesis, Lille 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL30066/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we are interested in recursive methods that allow to update sequentially estimates in a context of spatial or spatial-temporal data and that do not need a permanent storage of all data. Process and analyze Data Stream, effectively and effciently is an active challenge in statistics. In fact, in many areas, decisions should be taken at a given time at the reception of a certain amount of data and updated once new data are available at another date. We propose and study kernel estimators of the probability density function and the regression function of spatial or spatial-temporal data-stream. Specifically, we adapt the classical kernel estimators of Parzen-Rosenblatt and Nadaraya-Watson. For this, we combine the methodology of recursive estimators of density and regression and that of a distribution of spatial or spatio-temporal data. We provide applications and numerical studies of the proposed estimators. The specifcity of the methods studied resides in the fact that the estimates take into account the spatial dependence structure of the relevant data, which is far from trivial. This thesis is therefore in the context of non-parametric spatial statistics and its applications. This work makes three major contributions. which are based on the study of non-parametric estimators in a recursive spatial/space-time and revolves around the recursive kernel density estimate in a spatial context, the recursive kernel density estimate in a space-time and recursive kernel regression estimate in space
Cattaneo, Paolo. "Développement d'une méthodologie de modélisation multiphysique de type best-estimate d'un coeur de REP en évolution." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI037.
Full textThis thesis aims at improving the modelling of Pressurized Water Reactors (PWRs). Nuclear reactors in general can be considered as multiphysic systems, as their accurate representation often requires to account for neutronics, thermal-hydraulics, isotopic evolution and fuel performance. In particular, this work concerns the development of a multiphysic calculation scheme for fine mesh (pin cell resolution) depletion calculations and its numerical optimization. Conventional approaches generally deploy solvers specialised on a subset of the physics, while resorting to simplified models for the rest. Thanks to the increasing availability of large computational resources and to the higher flexibility of modern programming languages, a large number of research groups is working on the development of simulation tools that rely less on the use of simplified models. A general coupling scheme is developed exploiting the tools from the SALOME platform. It ensures the compatibility with a set of the CEA solvers, including APOLLO3® for the neutronics, FLICA4 or THEDI for the thermal-hydraulics and heat conduction and MENDEL for the depletion calculations. Through the coupling of an APOLLO3® core solver with FLICA4, it is possible to combine two-steps neutronic simulations based on pin-cell homogenization with subchannel thermal-hydraulics and heat conduction on every fuel rod. This approach could be placed in between the two most common solutions found in literature for the computation of safety and design parameters at the pin-cell scale: it requires less computing power than the high-fidelity direct calculations (i.e. with no a priori homogenization) and it makes fewer assumptions than the faster running schemes based on the pin-power-reconstruction technique (i.e. the combination of coarse mesh calculations with form functions for the local refining of the results).Following a common approach, the depletion calculations are modelled as a sequence of steady states. For this reason, a large part of the thesis is devoted to the optimization of the steady-state scheme. A simple case study (mini-core: 5x5 PWR fuel assemblies plus reflector) is defined in order to allow to perform a large number of simulations in an acceptable time. On this applicative test, the best combination of models is selected by analysing the performance of the alternatives in terms of discrepancies with the reference and computational cost. In respect of the numerical optimization, two of the most common methods found in literature, the fixed-point and the Anderson methods, are tested confirming the superiority of the latter both in terms of robustness and efficiency. A variant of the fixed-point, here referred to as generalized fixed-point with partial-convergences, which is widespread in the nuclear industry, but hardly ever mentioned in publications, is studied in detail. Knowing that the effectiveness of this technique depends on the considered solvers, in this context, this method proves to solve the major robustness problems of the fixed-point and offers a higher efficiency than the Anderson method. While not possible to directly extend the Anderson method with the partial-convergences, following their core principles, a modified Anderson algorithm is proposed. Preliminary tests lead to promising results in terms of efficiency improvement.In order to account for the evolution of the fuel thermal-mechanical properties along irradiation, a simplified fuel gap heat transfer model is included in the scheme. The first tests confirm the importance of including this model. For the depletion scheme, the research of the target boron concentration is implemented. To do so, an approximated Newton method is adapted to be compatible with the generalized fixed-point with partial-convergences. All the elements mentioned so far are combined together to produce a multiphysic depletion calculation scheme, which is successfully tested on a constant power irradiation scenario
Shao, Yuanyuan. "Beiträge zur Regularisierung inverser Probleme und zur bedingten Stabilität bei partiellen Differentialgleichungen." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-102801.
Full textLenain, Jean-François. "Comportement asymptotique des estimateurs à noyau de la densité, avec des données discrétisées, pour des suites et des chanmps aléatoires dépendants et non-stationnaires." Limoges, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIMO0034.
Full textMessaci, Fatiha. "Estimation de la densité spectrale d'un processus en temps continu par échantillonage poissonnien." Rouen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ROUES036.
Full textWeideman, Craig Ivan. "Linking satellite and point micrometeorological data to estimate : distributed evapotranspiration modelling based on MODIS LAI, Penman-Monteith and functional convergence theory." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012078.
Full textFerfache, Anouar Abdeldjaoued. "Les M-estimateurs semiparamétriques et leurs applications pour les problèmes de ruptures." Thesis, Compiègne, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COMP2643.
Full textIn this dissertation we are concerned with semiparametric models. These models have success and impact in mathematical statistics due to their excellent scientific utility and intriguing theoretical complexity. In the first part of the thesis, we consider the problem of the estimation of a parameter θ, in Banach spaces, maximizing some criterion function which depends on an unknown nuisance parameter h, possibly infinite-dimensional. We show that the m out of n bootstrap, in a general setting, is weakly consistent under conditions similar to those required for weak convergence of the non smooth M-estimators. In this framework, delicate mathematical derivations will be required to cope with estimators of the nuisance parameters inside non-smooth criterion functions. We then investigate an exchangeable weighted bootstrap for function-valued estimators defined as a zero point of a function-valued random criterion function. The main ingredient is the use of a differential identity that applies when the random criterion function is linear in terms of the empirical measure. A large number of bootstrap resampling schemes emerge as special cases of our settings. Examples of applications from the literature are given to illustrate the generality and the usefulness of our results. The second part of the thesis is devoted to the statistical models with multiple change-points. The main purpose of this part is to investigate the asymptotic properties of semiparametric M-estimators with non-smooth criterion functions of the parameters of multiple change-points model for a general class of models in which the form of the distribution can change from segment to segment and in which, possibly, there are parameters that are common to all segments. Consistency of the semiparametric M-estimators of the change-points is established and the rate of convergence is determined. The asymptotic normality of the semiparametric M-estimators of the parameters of the within-segment distributions is established under quite general conditions. We finally extend our study to the censored data framework. We investigate the performance of our methodologies for small samples through simulation studies
Vieilleville, François de. "Analyse des parties linéaires des objets discrets et estimateurs de caractéristiques géométriques." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13405.
Full textAngeletti, Florian. "Sommes et extrêmes en physique statistique et traitement du signal : ruptures de convergences, effets de taille finie et représentation matricielle." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00779703.
Full textFall, Fama. "Sur l'estimation de la densité des quantiles." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066051.
Full textEl, Heda Khadijetou. "Choix optimal du paramètre de lissage dans l'estimation non paramétrique de la fonction de densité pour des processus stationnaires à temps continu." Thesis, Littoral, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018DUNK0484/document.
Full textThe work this thesis focuses on the choice of the smoothing parameter in the context of non-parametric estimation of the density function for stationary ergodic continuous time processes. The accuracy of the estimation depends greatly on the choice of this parameter. The main goal of this work is to build an automatic window selection procedure and establish asymptotic properties while considering a general dependency framework that can be easily used in practice. The manuscript is divided into three parts. The first part reviews the literature on the subject, set the state of the art and discusses our contribution in within. In the second part, we design an automatical method for selecting the smoothing parameter when the density is estimated by the Kernel method. This choice stemming from the cross-validation method is asymptotically optimal. In the third part, we establish an asymptotic properties pertaining to consistency with rate for the resulting estimate of the window-width
Bringmann, Philipp. "Adaptive least-squares finite element method with optimal convergence rates." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22350.
Full textThe least-squares finite element methods (LSFEMs) base on the minimisation of the least-squares functional consisting of the squared norms of the residuals of first-order systems of partial differential equations. This functional provides a reliable and efficient built-in a posteriori error estimator and allows for adaptive mesh-refinement. The established convergence analysis with rates for adaptive algorithms, as summarised in the axiomatic framework by Carstensen, Feischl, Page, and Praetorius (Comp. Math. Appl., 67(6), 2014), fails for two reasons. First, the least-squares estimator lacks prefactors in terms of the mesh-size, what seemingly prevents a reduction under mesh-refinement. Second, the first-order divergence LSFEMs measure the flux or stress errors in the H(div) norm and, thus, involve a data resolution error of the right-hand side f. These difficulties led to a twofold paradigm shift in the convergence analysis with rates for adaptive LSFEMs in Carstensen and Park (SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 53(1), 2015) for the lowest-order discretisation of the 2D Poisson model problem with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions. Accordingly, some novel explicit residual-based a posteriori error estimator accomplishes the reduction property. Furthermore, a separate marking strategy in the adaptive algorithm ensures the sufficient data resolution. This thesis presents the generalisation of these techniques to three linear model problems, namely, the Poisson problem, the Stokes equations, and the linear elasticity problem. It verifies the axioms of adaptivity with separate marking by Carstensen and Rabus (SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 55(6), 2017) in three spatial dimensions. The analysis covers discretisations with arbitrary polynomial degree and inhomogeneous Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. Numerical experiments confirm the theoretically proven optimal convergence rates of the h-adaptive algorithm.
Didi, Sultana. "Quelques propriétés asymptotiques en estimation non paramétrique de fonctionnelles de processus stationnaires en temps continu." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066191/document.
Full textThe work of this thesis focuses upon some nonparametric estimation problems. More precisely, considering kernel estimators of the density, the regression and the conditional mode functions associated to a stationary continuous-time process, we aim at establishing some asymptotic properties while taking a sufficiently general dependency framework for the data as to be easily used in practice. The present manuscript includes four parts. The first one gives the state of the art related to the field of our concern and identifies well our contribution as compared to the existing results in the literature. In the second part, we focus on the kernel density estimation. In a rather general dependency setting, where we use a martingale difference device and a technique based on a sequence of projections on -fields, we establish the almost sure pointwise and uniform consistencies with rates of our estimate. In the third part, similar asymptotic properties are established for the kernel estimator of the regression function. Here and below, the processes are assumed to be ergodic In the same spirit, we study in the fourth part, the kernel estimate of conditional mode function for which we establish consistency properties with rates of convergence. The proposed estimator may be viewed as an alternative in the prediction issues to the usual regression function
Baba, Harra M'hammed. "Estimation de densités spectrales d'ordre élevé." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES023.
Full textAutin, Florent. "Point de vue maxiset en estimation non paramétrique." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008542.
Full textTadj, Amel. "Sur les modèles non paramétriques conditionnels en statistique fonctionnelle." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1219/.
Full textIn this thesis, we consider the problem of the nonparametric estimation in the conditional models when the regressor takes its values in infinite dimension space. More precisely, we treated two cases when the response variable is real and functional. One establishes almost complete uniform convergence of nonparametric estimators for certain conditional models. Firstly, we consider a sequence of i. I. D. Observations. In this context, we build kernel estimators of the conditional cumulative distribution, the conditional density, the conditional hazard function and the conditional mode. We give the uniform consistency rate of these estimators. We illustrate our results by giving an application on simulated samples. Secondly, we generalize our results when the response variable is in a Banach space. We estimate the regression function. In this context, we treat both cases : i. I. D and dependent observations. In the last case, we consider that the observations are Béta-mixing and we establishes almost complete pointwise convergence. Our asymptotic results exploit the topological structure of functional space for the observations. Let us note that all the rates of convergence are based on an hypothesis of concentration of the measure of probability of the functional variable on the small balls and also on the Kolmogorov’s entropy which measures the number of the balls necessary to cover some set. Moreover, when the response variable is functional the rate of convergence contains a new term which depends on type of Banach space
Rabus, Hella. "On the quasi-optimal convergence of adaptive nonconforming finite element methods in three examples." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16970.
Full textVarious applications in computational fluid dynamics and solid mechanics motivate the development of reliable and efficient adaptive algorithms for nonstandard finite element methods (FEMs). To reduce the number of degrees of freedom, in adaptive algorithms only a selection of finite element domains is marked for refinement on each level. Since some element domains may stay relatively coarse, even the analysis of convergence and more importantly the analysis of optimality require new arguments beyond an a priori error analysis. In adaptive algorithms, based on collective marking, a (total) error estimator is used as refinement indicator. For separate marking strategies, the (total) error estimator is split into a volume term and an error estimator term, which estimates the error. Since the volume term is independent of the discrete solution, if there is a poor data approximation the improvement may be realised by a possibly high degree of local mesh refinement. Otherwise, a standard level-oriented mesh refinement based on an error estimator term is performed. This observation results in a natural adaptive algorithm based on separate marking, which is analysed in this thesis. The results of the numerical experiments displayed in this thesis provide strong evidence for the quasi-optimality of the presented adaptive algorithm based on separate marking and for all three model problems. Furthermore its flexibility (in particular the free steering parameter for data approximation) allows a sufficient and optimal data approximation in just a few number of levels of the adaptive scheme. This thesis adapts standard arguments for optimal convergence to adaptive algorithms based on separate marking with a possibly high degree of local mesh refinement, and proves quasi-optimality following a general methodology for three model problems, i.e., the Poisson model problem, the pure displacement problem in linear elasticity and the Stokes equations.
Chebana, Fateh. "Estimation et tests par des méthodes fonctionnelles : applications aux M-estimateurs et aux tests de Bickel-Rosenblatt." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066517.
Full textGeraldo, Issa Cherif. "On the consistency of some constrained maximum likelihood estimator used in crash data modelling." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10184/document.
Full textMost of the statistical methods used in data modeling require the search for local optimal solutions but also the estimation of standard errors linked to these solutions. These methods consist in maximizing by successive approximations the likelihood function or its approximation. Generally, one uses numerical methods adapted from the Newton-Raphson method or Fisher’s scoring. Because they require matrix inversions, these methods can be complex to implement numerically in large dimensions or when involved matrices are not invertible. To overcome these difficulties, iterative procedures requiring no matrix inversion such as MM (Minorization-Maximization) algorithms have been proposed and are considered to be efficient for problems in large dimensions and some multivariate discrete distributions. Among the new approaches proposed for data modeling in road safety, is an algorithm called iterative cyclic algorithm (CA). This thesis has two main objectives: (a) the first is to study the convergence properties of the cyclic algorithm from both numerical and stochastic viewpoints and (b) the second is to generalize the CA to more general models integrating discrete multivariate distributions and compare the performance of the generalized CA to those of its competitors
Khardani, Salah. "Prévision non paramétrique dans les modèles de censure via l'estimation du mode conditionnel." Littoral, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DUNK0277.
Full textIn this work, we address the problem of estimating the mode and conditional mode functions, for independent and dependent data, under random censorship. Firstly, we consider an independent and identically distributed (iid) sequence random variables (rvs) {T_i , i [equal to or higher than]1}, with density f. This sequence is right-censored by another iid sequence of rvs {Ci , i[equal to or higher than]1} which is supposed to be independent of {T_i , i [equal to or higher than]1}. We are interested in the regression problem of T given a covariable X. We state convergence and asymptomatic normality of Kernel-based estimators of conditional density and mode. Using the “plug-in” method for the unknown parameters, confidence intervals are gicen. Also simulations are drawn. In a second step we deal with the simple mode, given by par θ = arg max_{t. IR} f (t). Here, the sequence {T_i , i [equal to or higher than]1} is supposed to be stationary and strongly mixing whereas the {Ci , i[equal to or higher than]1} are iid. We build a mode estimator (based on a density kernel estimator) for which we state the almost sure consistency. Finally, we extend the conditional mode consistency results to the case where the {T_i , i [equal to or higher than]1} are strongly mixing
Attouch, Mohammed Kadi. "Estimation robuste de la fonction de régression pour des variables fonctionnelles." Littoral, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DUNK0227.
Full textThe robust regression is an analysis of regression with capacity to be relatively insensitive to the large deviations due to some outliers observations. Within this framework, one proposes in this thesis studied the robust estimate of the function of regression, if the observations are at the same time independent, strongly mixing and the covariate is functional. Initially, on considers a succession of identically distributed independent observations. In this context, we establish the asymptotic normality of a robust family of estimators based on the kernel method. With title illustrative, our result is applied to the discrimination of the curves, the forecast time series, and to the construction of a confidence interval. In the second time, we suppose that the observations are strongly mixing, and we establish the rate of specific almost complete convergence and uniform of this family of estimators as well as asymptotic normality. Let us note, that the axes structural of the subject, namely “dimensionality” and the correlation of the observations, “dimensionality” and the robustness of the model, are well exploited in this study. Moreover, the property of the concentration of the measure of probability of the functional variable in small balls is used, this measure of concentration allows under some assumptions to propose an original solution to the problem of the curse of dimensionality and thus to generalize the results already obtaines in the multivariate framework. To illustrate the extension and the contribution of our work, we show in some examples how our results can be applied to the nonstandard problems of the non-parametric statistics such as the forecast of functional time series. Our methods are applied to real data such as the economy and astronomy
Lachaud, Jacques-Olivier. "Espaces non-euclidiens et analyse d'image : modèles déformables riemanniens et discrets, topologie et géométrie discrète." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00396332.
Full textOuadah, Sarah. "Lois limites fonctionnelles pour le processus empirique et applications." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00766805.
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