Relevant bibliographies by topics / Estimates

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Estimates'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Estimates"

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Little, Roderick J., and Roger J. Lewis. "Estimands, Estimators, and Estimates." JAMA 326, no. 10 (September 14, 2021): 967. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.2886.

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Beauducel, André, Christopher Harms, and Norbert Hilger. "Reliability Estimates for Three Factor Score Estimators." International Journal of Statistics and Probability 5, no. 6 (October 26, 2016): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijsp.v5n6p94.

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Estimates for the reliability of Thurstone’s regression factor score estimator, Bartlett’s factor score estimator, and McDonald’s factor score estimator were proposed. Moreover, conditions for equal reliability of the factor score estimators were presented and the reliability estimates were compared by means of simulation studies. Under conditions inducing unequal reliabilities, reliability estimates were largest for the regression score estimator and lowest for McDonald’s factor score estimator. We provide an R-script and an SPSS-script for the computation of the respective reliability estimates.
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Zeh, Judith E., and Andre E. Punt. "Updated 1978-2001 abundance estimates and their correlations for the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort Seas stock of bowhead whales." J. Cetacean Res. Manage. 7, no. 2 (March 15, 2023): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.47536/jcrm.v7i2.750.

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The method of Cooke (1996) and Punt and Butterworth (1999) for computing abundance estimates for bowhead whales of the BeringChukchi-Beaufort Seas stock is reviewed. These abundance estimates are computed from estimates N4 of the number of whales that passed within the 4km visual range of the observation ‘perch’ from which the whales are counted, the estimated proportions P4 of the whales that passed within this range and the estimated standard errors (SE) of N4 and P4. Errors discovered while assembling the data used in developing previous estimates were corrected, and new estimated detection probabilities, N4 and P4 values and SEs were computed using the corrected data. The method of Cooke (1996) and Punt and Butterworth (1999) was then applied. The resulting 2001 abundance estimate was 10,545 (95% confidence interval 8,200 to 13,500), extremely close to the 2001 N4/P4 abundance estimate of 10,470 (95% confidence interval 8,100 to 13,500) (George et al., 2004). The estimated rate of increase of this population from 1978 to 2001 was 3.4% per year (95% confidence interval 1.7% to 5%).
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Mead, J. L. "Discontinuous parameter estimates with least squares estimators." Applied Mathematics and Computation 219, no. 10 (January 2013): 5210–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2012.11.067.

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Adler, Robert F., Guojun Gu, and George J. Huffman. "Estimating Climatological Bias Errors for the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP)." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 51, no. 1 (January 2012): 84–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-11-052.1.

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AbstractA procedure is described to estimate bias errors for mean precipitation by using multiple estimates from different algorithms, satellite sources, and merged products. The Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) monthly product is used as a base precipitation estimate, with other input products included when they are within ±50% of the GPCP estimates on a zonal-mean basis (ocean and land separately). The standard deviation σ of the included products is then taken to be the estimated systematic, or bias, error. The results allow one to examine monthly climatologies and the annual climatology, producing maps of estimated bias errors, zonal-mean errors, and estimated errors over large areas such as ocean and land for both the tropics and the globe. For ocean areas, where there is the largest question as to absolute magnitude of precipitation, the analysis shows spatial variations in the estimated bias errors, indicating areas where one should have more or less confidence in the mean precipitation estimates. In the tropics, relative bias error estimates (σ/μ, where μ is the mean precipitation) over the eastern Pacific Ocean are as large as 20%, as compared with 10%–15% in the western Pacific part of the ITCZ. An examination of latitudinal differences over ocean clearly shows an increase in estimated bias error at higher latitudes, reaching up to 50%. Over land, the error estimates also locate regions of potential problems in the tropics and larger cold-season errors at high latitudes that are due to snow. An empirical technique to area average the gridded errors (σ) is described that allows one to make error estimates for arbitrary areas and for the tropics and the globe (land and ocean separately, and combined). Over the tropics this calculation leads to a relative error estimate for tropical land and ocean combined of 7%, which is considered to be an upper bound because of the lack of sign-of-the-error canceling when integrating over different areas with a different number of input products. For the globe the calculated relative error estimate from this study is about 9%, which is also probably a slight overestimate. These tropical and global estimated bias errors provide one estimate of the current state of knowledge of the planet’s mean precipitation.
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Luo, Yong, and Dimiter M. Dimitrov. "A Short Note on Obtaining Point Estimates of the IRT Ability Parameter With MCMC Estimation in Mplus: How Many Plausible Values Are Needed?" Educational and Psychological Measurement 79, no. 2 (May 29, 2018): 272–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013164418777569.

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Plausible values can be used to either estimate population-level statistics or compute point estimates of latent variables. While it is well known that five plausible values are usually sufficient for accurate estimation of population-level statistics in large-scale surveys, the minimum number of plausible values needed to obtain accurate latent variable point estimates is unclear. This is especially relevant when an item response theory (IRT) model is estimated with MCMC (Markov chain Monte Carlo) methods in Mplus and point estimates of the IRT ability parameter are of interest, as Mplus only estimates the posterior distribution of each ability parameter. In order to obtain point estimates of the ability parameter, a number of plausible values can be drawn from the posterior distribution of each individual ability parameter and their mean (the posterior mean ability estimate) can be used as an individual ability point estimate. In this note, we conducted a simulation study to investigate how many plausible values were needed to obtain accurate posterior mean ability estimates. The results indicate that 20 is the minimum number of plausible values required to obtain point estimates of the IRT ability parameter that are comparable to marginal maximum likelihood estimation(MMLE)/expected a posteriori (EAP) estimates. A real dataset was used to demonstrate the comparison between MMLE/EAP point estimates and posterior mean ability estimates based on different number of plausible values.
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OMAR, MH, and AM MEHANNA. "Comparison of measured and estimated crop evapotranspiration over Egypt." MAUSAM 37, no. 2 (April 11, 2022): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v37i2.2216.

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Mehanna (1976) estimated potential evapotranspiration (PE) for a number of meteorological stations in Egypt, using Penman's method with adjustment of the constants of the radiation term and the aerodynamic term, such that they would agree with measurements of radiation in Egypt and with estimates by Omar ( 1971) of PE in a large field at Giza. Omar and Mehanna (1984) compared seasonal measurements of PE at Bahtim (near Cairo) using potential evapotranspirometers with Mehanna's estimates of PE at Bahtim and with estimates by the methods given in the FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No.24 on "Crop Water Requirements” by Doorenbos and Pruitt (1977). The main features of the comparisons were that Mehanna, and three of thc FAO estimates (Blanev-Cridd1e, radiation, and pan evaporation) are within +- 10% of the measurements while the Penman estimate was 15% higher. Mehanna's estimates of FE were used to calculite ET- crop (as -defined in 1he FAO paper) for 4 main crops in Egypt [cotton, maize, wheat and berseem (cover] at 9 meteorological stations, using crop coefficients given in the FAO paper. The estimated ET crop values- at meteorological stations enabled to calculate ET crop at a number of agricultural research stations. Estimates of ET crop were compared with measurements of crop evapotranspiration in conditions--similar-to those of ET crop, and also with measurements in all conditions including those of ET crop. The average ratio, for the four crops, of measured to estimated evapotranspiration was 0.95 and 0.80 respectively. Average ratios were also given corresponding to cases when the FAO Blaney.Criddle,' radiation and Penman methods were used to estimate PE. It is concluded that the comparisons may probably confirm the reliability of applying Mehanna's estimates of PE to the crop coefficients given in the FAO paper to estimate ET crop over Egypt.
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Bowen, W. D., R. A. Myers, and K. Hay. "Abundance Estimation of a Dispersed, Dynamic Population: Hooded Seals (Cystophora cristata) in the Northwest Atlantic." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44, no. 2 (February 1, 1987): 282–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f87-037.

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Pup production of hooded seals (Cystophora cristata) in the Northwest Atlantic was estimated by aerial survey. Simultaneous surveys and the collection of ground-truth data were conducted in March 1984 in both major whelping areas, namely the floe ice in the Davis Strait and off northeastern Newfoundland (the Front). Abundance estimates were obtained from both fixed-wing photographic and helicopter sighting surveys using a strip survey method for unequal-sized sampling units. These abundance estimates were corrected to account for pups which had left the ice and those pups which had yet to be born in each area. A maximum likelihood method was used to combine estimates of abundance from several surveys with estimates of the number of pups in each developmental stage to obtain an estimate of total production. This method weighted each survey point estimate of abundance by the estimated sampling variance and each estimate of the proportion of pups on the ice in each stage by the sample size corrected for loss of degrees of freedom associated with the sampling design. Total production at the Front was estimated to be 62 400 with 95% confidence limits of 43 700 to 89 400 and in the Davis Strait was 19 000 with a 95% confidence interval of 14 000 to 23 000. Total pup production estimates for the Front and Davis Strait are likely underestimates for several reasons, but are substantially higher than those previously assumed for the Northwest Atlantic.
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Rahman, Mohammad Lutfor, Steven G. Gilmour, Peter J. Zemroch, and Pauline R. Ziman. "Bayesian analysis of fuel economy experiments." Journal of Statistical Research 54, no. 1 (August 25, 2020): 43–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.47302/jsr.2020540103.

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Statistical analysts can encounter difficulties in obtaining point and interval estimates for fixed effects when sample sizes are small and there are two or more error strata to consider. Standard methods can lead to certain variance components being estimated as zero which often seems contrary to engineering experience and judgement. Shell Global Solutions (UK) has encountered such challenges and is always looking for ways to make its statistical techniques as robust as possible. In this instance, the challenge was to estimate fuel effects and confidence limits from small-sample fuel economy experiments where both test-to-test and day-to-day variation had to be taken into account. Using likelihood-based methods, the experimenters estimated the day-to-day variance component to be zero which was unrealistic. The reason behind this zero estimate is that the data set is not large enough to estimate it reliably. The experimenters were also unsure about the fixed parameter estimates obtained by likelihood methods in linear mixed models. In this paper, we looked for an alternative to compare the likelihood estimates against and found the Bayesian platform to be appropriate. Bayesian methods assuming some non-informative and weakly informative priors enable us to compare the parameter estimates and the variance components. Profile likelihood and bootstrap based methods verified that the Bayesian point and interval estimates were not unreasonable. Also, simulation studies have assessed the quality of likelihood and Bayesian estimates in this study.
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Frehlich, Rod, and Larry Cornman. "Estimating Spatial Velocity Statistics with Coherent Doppler Lidar." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 19, no. 3 (March 1, 2002): 355–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426-19.3.355.

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Abstract The spatial statistics of a simulated turbulent velocity field are estimated using radial velocity estimates from simulated coherent Doppler lidar data. The structure functions from the radial velocity estimates are processed to estimate the energy dissipation rate ε and the integral length scale Li, assuming a theoretical model for isotropic wind fields. The performance of the estimates are described by their bias, standard deviation, and percentiles. The estimates of ε2/3 are generally unbiased and robust. The distribution of the estimates of Li are highly skewed; however, the median of the distribution is generally unbiased. The effects of the spatial averaging by the atmospheric movement transverse to the lidar beam during the dwell time of each radial velocity estimate are determined, as well as the error scaling as a function of the dimensions of the total measurement region. Accurate estimates of Li require very large measurement domains in order to observe a large number of independent samples of the spatial scales that define Li.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Estimates"

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Houtkooper, Linda, and Jaclyn Maurer. "Calorie Need Estimates." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146643.

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2 pp.
The energy content of food is measured in calories. The number of calories, or energy, an athlete needs to maintain weight depends upon: age, body weight, gender, Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) and physical Activity Energy Expenditure (AEE) levels.
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Läuter, Henning. "Empirical Minimax Linear Estimates." Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/4948/.

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Tran, Manh. "Value-at-risk estimates." Thesis, Aston University, 2018. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/37813/.

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This thesis consists of three empirical essays on the Value-at-Risk (VaR) estimates. The first empirical study (Chapter 2) evaluates the performance of bank VaRs. The second empirical study (Chapter 3) investigates the predictive power of various VaR models using bank data. The third empirical study (Chapter 4) explores VaR estimates with high-frequency data. The first study examines the performance of VaR estimates at seven international banks from 2001 to 2012. Using statistical tests, we find that bank VaRs were conservatively estimated in pre-crisis and post-crisis periods. During financial crisis, while some banks continued to overstate their VaRs, the others significantly underestimated their risk. The potential causes of the poor performance of bank VaRs are also discussed. The second study investigates the predictive power of various VaR models using bank data. We find that the GARCH-based models are superior in estimating bank VaRs in both normal and crisis periods. We conclude that good VaR estimates at banks can be obtained using simple, accessible models rather than the complicated approach or banks’ internal model. Thus, we argue that VaR should not be blamed for misleading risk estimates during financial crisis. The third study evaluates VaR estimates using 5-minute sampling data of WTI Futures. First, we acknowledge the value of high-frequency data on the measure of volatility to characterize the quantile forecast of asset returns. Second, we find that quantile combination can improve the forecast accuracy. With the VaR implication, we show that VaR combination provides more accurate and robust results than individual VaR estimates.
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Millet, Floyd W. "Improving Electromagnetic Bias Estimates." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2004. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd525.pdf.

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Watson, J., and M. Sheedy. "Crop Water Use Estimates." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/210312.

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Irrigation scheduling, by keeping track of irrigation applications, soil storage and crop water use, has been computerized by a number of different individuals. A key component of the computerized methods is the estimation of a reference crop evapotranspiration rate. Complaints about one such method, AZSCHED, led the authors to compare the reference crop evapotranspiration values calculated by AZSCHED with those calculated by a second procedure available used by AZMET. Results of the comparison indicated that no significant difference existed between methods, for either a traditionally "long season", or a contemporary "short season" growing period. AZSCHED did estimate crop water use to be about 5% - 8% more than AZMET, an amount that is not of importance considering the irrigation inefficiencies created by field non-uniformities. Experience by the authors indicates that inappropriate selection of irrigation efficiencies and/or soil water holding capacity may be the main cause of user complaints.
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Wall, Nathan Lane. "Augmented testing and effects on item and proficiency estimates in different calibration designs." Diss., University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1100.

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Broadening the term augmented testing to include a combination of multiple measures to assess examinee performance on a single construct, the issues of IRT item parameter and proficiency estimates were investigated. The intent of this dissertation is to determine if different IRT calibration designs result in differences to item and proficiency parameter estimates and to understand the nature of those differences. Examinees were sampled from a testing program in which each examinee was administered three mathematics assessments measuring a broad mathematics domain at the high school level. This sample of examinees was used to perform a real data analysis to investigate the item and proficiency estimates. A simulation study was also conducted based upon the real data. The factors investigated for the real data study included three IRT calibration designs and two IRT models. The calibration designs included: separately calibrating each assessment, calibrating all assessments in one joint calibration, and separately calibrating items in three distinct content areas. Joint calibration refers to the use of IRT methodology to calibrate two or more tests, which have been administered to a single group, together so as to place all of the items on a common scale. The two IRT models were the one- and three-parameter logistic model. Also investigated were five proficiency estimators: maximum likelihood estimates, expected a posteriori, maximum a posteriori, summed-score EAP, and test characteristic curve estimates. The simulation study included the same calibration designs and IRT models but the data were simulated with varying levels of correlations among the proficiencies to determine the affect upon the item parameter estimates. The main findings indicate that item parameter and proficiency estimates are affected by the IRT calibration design. The discrimination parameter estimates of the three-parameter model were larger when calibrated under the joint calibration design for one assessment but not for the other two. Noting that equal item discrimination is an assumption of the 1-PL model, this finding raises questions as to the degree of model fit when the 1-PL model is used. Items on a second assessment had lower difficulty parameters in the joint calibration design while the item parameter estimates of the other two assessments were higher. Differences in proficiency estimates between calibration designs were also discovered, which were found to result in examinees being inconsistently classified into performance categories. Differences were observed in regards to the choice of IRT model. Finally, as the level of correlation among proficiencies increased in the simulation data, the differences observed in the item parameter estimates were decreased. Based upon the findings, IRT item parameter estimates resulting from differing calibrations designs should not be used interchangeably. Practitioners who use item pools should base the pool refreshment calibration design upon the one used to originally create the pool. Limitations to this study include the use of a single dataset consisting of high school examinees in only one subject area, thus the degree of generalization regarding research findings to other content areas of grade levels should be made with caution.
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Sereevinyayut, Piya. "On estimate aggregation : studies of how decision makers aggregate quantitative estimates in three different cases." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/125062.

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This dissertation examines how people aggregate quantitative advices to reach their own estimates. Each chapter explores a different situation that could affect how advices are evaluated, and consequentially how advices will be combined. The first chapter demonstrates that people measure advices' extremity degrees by anhoring upon the advice set's median. It also shows that, unlike multiplicative scaling, additive scaling of advices affects how outliers are perceived. The second chapter deals with advices that are obtained serially. The results reveals that whether people execute the aggregation sequentially or only once at the end of the series affects how an outlier in the series is detected and combined. The third chapter studies how people revise their own estimates with advices of others, and finds that people revise more if they appear a dissensus. Consequentially having multiple advices can attenuate of the effect of egocentricity and improve accuracy of revisions compared to having only a single advice
Aquesta tesi estudia com les persones agreguen consells quantitatius per arribar a les seves pròpies estimacions. Cada capítol explora una situació diferent que podria afectar com s'avaluen els consells, i en conseqüència com es combinen aquests consells. El primer capítol demostra que les persones mesuren els graus extrems dels consells per ancoratge a la mediana del conjunt de consells. També es mostra que, en comptes d’una escala multiplicadora,l’ escala additiva dels consells afecta a com es perceben els valors atípics. El segon capítol tracta de consells que s'obtenen en sèrie. Els resultats revelen que si les persones executen l'agregació seqüencialment o només una vegada al final de la sèrie, afecta a com es detecten i es combinen els valors atípics en la sèrie. El tercer capítol estudia com les persones revisen les seves estimacions a partir consells dels altres, i es troba que les persones revisen més si es troben en un dissens. Conseqüentment, tenir consells múltiples pot atenuar l'efecte d'egocentrisme i millorar la precisió de les revisions si es compara en tenir només un únic consell.
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Domingo, Salazar Carlos. "Endpoint estimates via extrapolation theory." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396143.

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In this thesis, we study different variants of Rubio de Francia’s extrapolation that allow us to obtain estimates near L1. This theory is subsequently applied to deduce enpoint boundedness for the Bochner-Riesz operator and other classes of multipliers. We also present results related to Yano’s extrapolation on Lorentz spaces and how it can be related to the theory of weights.
En aquesta tesi, estudiem variants de l’extrapolació de Rubio de Francia que permetin obtenir estimacions a prop de l’espai L1. Aquesta teoria l’apliquem després per deduïr acotacions a l’extrem per l’operador de Bochner-Riesz i altres classes de multiplicadors. També presentem altres resultats sobre teoria d’extrapolació de tipus Yano en espais de Lorentz i sobre com es pot relacionar amb la teoria de pesos.
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Bilyk, Dmytro. "Distributional estimates for multilinear operators." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4139.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (May 23, 2006) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Corredor, Orlando A. "Anthropometric estimates for Colombian adults." FIU Digital Commons, 1994. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2643.

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Knowledge of anthropometric dimensions is important for the design of workspaces and equipment. In a developing country, such as Colombia, no anthropometric survey for Colombian adults has yet been published. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assemble a Colombian adult anthropometric data set sufficiently accurate for design applications. An anthropometric survey was conducted on 134 Colombian adults living in South Florida. Twenty body dimensions were measured. Moreover, an anthropometric estimation method was selected, described and validated to be used as a reference when measurement of the user population is not possible. Anthropometric estimates, using the scaling ratio method, and those obtained in the survey were analyzed and compared with other population data. Tables are assembled and dimensional models are suggested which may be used as a design tool.
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Books on the topic "Estimates"

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Treasury, HM. Supply estimates 1986-87: Spring supplementary estimates and revised spring supplementary estimate. London: HMSO, 1987.

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Council, South Northamptonshire (England) District. Estimates. Towcester: South Northamptonshire District Council, 1987.

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Council, Conwy (Wales) County Borough. Estimates. Conwy: Conwy County Borough Council, 1998.

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Conwy (Wales). County Borough Council. Estimates. Conwy: Conwy County Borough Council, 2002.

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Conwy (Wales). County Borough Council. Estimates. Conwy: Conwy County Borough Council, 2003.

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Finance, Malta Ministry of. Estimates. [s.l.]: [s.n.], 1994.

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South Northamptonshire (England). District Council. Estimates. Towcester: South Northamptonshire District Council, 1986.

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Conwy (Wales). County Borough Council. Estimates. Conwy: Conwy County Borough Council, 2000.

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Treasury, HM. Supply estimates for the year ending 31 March: Spring supplementary estimates and new estimate. London: H.M.S.O., 1989.

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Geddes, Spence. Estimating for building and civil engineering works. 9th ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Estimates"

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Madsen, Tom. "Estimates." In The Art of War for Computer Security, 5–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28569-2_2.

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Peletier, L. A., and W. C. Troy. "Estimates." In Spatial Patterns, 69–99. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0135-9_3.

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Sapir, Jonathan. "Estimates." In Thriving at the Edge of Chaos, 105–20. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2020.: Productivity Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429356582-10.

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Alikakos, Nicholas D., Giorgio Fusco, and Panayotis Smyrnelis. "Estimates." In Progress in Nonlinear Differential Equations and Their Applications, 135–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90572-3_5.

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Shen, Zhongwei. "Interior Estimates." In Periodic Homogenization of Elliptic Systems, 65–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91214-1_4.

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Čekanavičius, Vydas. "Lower Estimates." In Approximation Methods in Probability Theory, 141–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-34072-2_10.

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Davis, Richard A., Keh-Shin Lii, and Dimitris N. Politis. "Curve Estimates." In Selected Works of Murray Rosenblatt, 255–82. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8339-8_26.

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Kessler, Stephen B., and Elias Klein. "Cost Estimates." In Membrane Handbook, 212–15. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3548-5_15.

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Ray, Roderick J. "Cost Estimates." In Membrane Handbook, 355–90. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3548-5_25.

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Gillis, A. R. "Crime Estimates." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 1341–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_3086.

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Conference papers on the topic "Estimates"

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Galanina, V. A., L. A. Reshetov, and M. V. Sokolovskay. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BAYESIAN ESTIMATES AND LINEAR CONSTRAINT ESTIMATES." In Modeling and situational quality management of complex systems. Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31799/978-5-8088-1449-3-2020-1-25-27.

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Jørgensen, Magne. "Measurement of Software Development Effort Estimation Bias: Avoiding Biased Measures of Estimation Bias." In 11th International Conference on Embedded Systems and Applications (EMSA 2022). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2022.120607.

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In this paper, we propose improvements in how estimation bias, e.g., the tendency towards under-estimating the effort, is measured. The proposed approach emphasizes the need to know what the estimates are meant to represent, i.e., the type of estimate we evaluate and the need for a match between the type of estimate given and the bias measure used. We show that even perfect estimates of the mean effort will not lead to an expectation of zero estimation bias when applying the frequently used bias measure: (actual effort – estimated effort)/actual effort. This measure will instead reward under-estimates of the mean effort. We also provide examples of bias measures that match estimates of the mean and the median effort, and argue that there are, in general, no practical bias measures for estimates of the most likely effort. The paper concludes with implications for the evaluation of bias of software development effort estimates.
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Zakharov, Igor, Olesia Botsiura, and Pavel Neyezhmakov. "Obtaining Uncertainty Estimates Compatible with Estimates of Monte Carlo Method." In 2019 12th International Conference on Measurement. IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/measurement47340.2019.8779925.

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Zhang, P. F., and Z. J. Pei. "Cost Estimates of Cellulosic Ethanol Manufacturing: A Literature Review." In ASME 2011 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2011-50136.

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Cellulosic ethanol is one type of renewable energy, and can be used to replace petroleum based transportation fuels. The technologies of converting cellulosic biomass into ethanol are relatively mature. However, the manufacturing costs of cellulosic ethanol are too high to be competitive. Economic analyses of cellulosic ethanol manufacturing have appeared regularly to estimate manufacturing costs of cellulosic ethanol. But the estimated manufacturing costs of cellulosic ethanol have a wide range due to differences in used assumptions. It is very difficult to judge which one is most reliable among the markedly different cost estimates in the literature. This paper reviews the literature on cost estimates in manufacturing of cellulosic ethanol. Cost estimates of each manufacturing process are summarized. Cost components and their data sources are discussed. This review provides a foundation to develop a comprehensive cost model for cellulosic ethanol manufacturing.
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Paderno, Pavel I., Evgeny A. Burkov, Elena A. Tolkacheva, Evgeny A. Lavrov, and Olga E. Siryk. "Expert Classification: Probabilistic Estimates." In 2021 XXIV International Conference on Soft Computing and Measurements (SCM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scm52931.2021.9507116.

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Priebe, Carey E., and Dalei Chen. "Spatial scan density estimates." In Aerospace/Defense Sensing and Controls, edited by Firooz A. Sadjadi. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.323849.

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Xu, Jiang, Junsong Yuan, and Ying Wu. "Multimodal partial estimates fusion." In 2009 IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2009.5459475.

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Watson, Andrew. "Better Closure Cost Estimates." In First International Seminar on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_repo/605_41.

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Church, Kenneth W. "Empirical estimates of adaptation." In the 18th conference. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/990820.990847.

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Patel, Raj, and Carlotta Domeniconi. "Estimator Vectors: OOV Word Embeddings based on Subword and Context Clue Estimates." In 2020 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn48605.2020.9207711.

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Reports on the topic "Estimates"

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Holland, Darren, and Nazmina Mahmoudzadeh. Foodborne Disease Estimates for the United Kingdom in 2018. Food Standards Agency, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.squ824.

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In February 2020 the FSA published two reports which produced new estimates of foodborne norovirus cases. These were the ‘Norovirus Attribution Study’ (NoVAS study) (O’Brien et al., 2020) and the accompanying internal FSA technical review ‘Technical Report: Review of Quantitative Risk Assessment of foodborne norovirus transmission’ (NoVAS model review), (Food Standards Agency, 2020). The NoVAS study produced a Quantitative Microbiological Risk Assessment model (QMRA) to estimate foodborne norovirus. The NoVAS model review considered the impact of using alternative assumptions and other data sources on these estimates. From these two pieces of work, a revised estimate of foodborne norovirus was produced. The FSA has therefore updated its estimates of annual foodborne disease to include these new results and also to take account of more recent data related to other pathogens. The estimates produced include: •Estimates of GP presentations and hospital admissions for foodbornenorovirus based on the new estimates of cases. The NoVAS study onlyproduced estimates for cases. •Estimates of foodborne cases, GP presentations and hospital admissions for12 other pathogens •Estimates of unattributed cases of foodborne disease •Estimates of total foodborne disease from all pathogens Previous estimates An FSA funded research project ‘The second study of infectious intestinal disease in the community’, published in 2012 and referred to as the IID2 study (Tam et al., 2012), estimated that there were 17 million cases of infectious intestinal disease (IID) in 2009. These include illness caused by all sources, not just food. Of these 17 million cases, around 40% (around 7 million) could be attributed to 13 known pathogens. These pathogens included norovirus. The remaining 60% of cases (equivalent to 10 million cases) were unattributed cases. These are cases where the causal pathogen is unknown. Reasons for this include the causal pathogen was not tested for, the test was not sensitive enough to detect the causal pathogen or the pathogen is unknown to science. A second project ‘Costed extension to the second study of infectious intestinal disease in the community’, published in 2014 and known as IID2 extension (Tam, Larose and O’Brien, 2014), estimated that there were 566,000 cases of foodborne disease per year caused by the same 13 known pathogens. Although a proportion of the unattributed cases would also be due to food, no estimate was provided for this in the IID2 extension. New estimates We estimate that there were 2.4 million cases of foodborne disease in the UK in 2018 (95% credible intervals 1.8 million to 3.1 million), with 222,000 GP presentations (95% Cred. Int. 150,000 to 322,000) and 16,400 hospital admissions (95% Cred. Int. 11,200 to 26,000). Of the estimated 2.4 million cases, 0.9 million (95% Cred. Int. 0.7 million to 1.2 million) were from the 13 known pathogens included in the IID2 extension and 1.4 million1 (95% Cred. Int. 1.0 million to 2.0 million) for unattributed cases. Norovirus was the pathogen with the largest estimate with 383,000 cases a year. However, this estimate is within the 95% credible interval for Campylobacter of 127,000 to 571,000. The pathogen with the next highest number of cases was Clostridium perfringens with 85,000 (95% Cred. Int. 32,000 to 225,000). While the methodology used in the NoVAS study does not lend itself to producing credible intervals for cases of norovirus, this does not mean that there is no uncertainty in these estimates. There were a number of parameters used in the NoVAS study which, while based on the best science currently available, were acknowledged to have uncertain values. Sensitivity analysis undertaken as part of the study showed that changes to the values of these parameters could make big differences to the overall estimates. Campylobacter was estimated to have the most GP presentations with 43,000 (95% Cred. Int. 19,000 to 76,000) followed by norovirus with 17,000 (95% Cred. Int. 11,000 to 26,000) and Clostridium perfringens with 13,000 (95% Cred. Int. 6,000 to 29,000). For hospital admissions Campylobacter was estimated to have 3,500 (95% Cred. Int. 1,400 to 7,600), followed by norovirus 2,200 (95% Cred. Int. 1,500 to 3,100) and Salmonella with 2,100 admissions (95% Cred. Int. 400 to 9,900). As many of these credible intervals overlap, any ranking needs to be undertaken with caution. While the estimates provided in this report are for 2018 the methodology described can be applied to future years.
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Aedo, Cristían, and Sergio Nuñez. The Impact of Training Policies in Latin America and the Caribbean: The Case of Programa Joven. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011253.

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This paper evaluates Programa Joven, a training program conducted by Argentina's Ministerio del Trabajo. The paper adapts and applies a non-experimental evaluation methodology to answer the following questions: (1) Did Programa Joven increase the labor income of the trainees? (2) Did Programa Joven increase the probability of employment? (3) What was the rate of return to dollars spent on Programa Joven? The basic methodology used was the Matching Estimators approach. The application of this methodology requires two steps: first, the estimation of a model of program participation (propensity scores), and second, conditional upon the estimated propensity scores, the use of matching estimators to calculate the impact of the program. Three different information sources permitted the analysis of an additional question: how sensitive are program impact estimates to different propensity score specifications? The paper hypothesizes that impact estimates are in fact sensitive to different propensity score specifications. Additionally, the paper reports and compares the propensity scores estimated from each of these data sources, and then estimates the program impact on earnings and employment based upon these propensity scores. Finally, the authors carry out a cost-benefit analysis of Programa Joven based upon cost information and program impact estimates (benefits).
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Hahn, H. Ultimate RHIC Performance Estimates. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1119055.

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Van Biesebroeck, Johannes. Robustness of Productivity Estimates. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10303.

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None, None. EERE GPRA2003 metric estimates. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1216530.

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Krakowski, R. A. Bubble fusion: Preliminary estimates. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10116967.

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Schetselaar, E. M., and D. B. Snyder. National database of Moho depth estimates estimates from seismic refraction and teleseismic surveys. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305396.

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Bondar, Istvan, Keith McLaughlin, and Hans Israelsson. Improved Event Location Uncertainty Estimates. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada488858.

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Giordano, Paolo. Trade Trend Estimates - 2018 Infographic. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000949.

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Carroll, R. J., and W. Hardle. Symmetrized Nearest Neighbor Regression Estimates. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada191998.

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