Relevant bibliographies by topics / Esters

Academic literature on the topic 'Esters'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Esters"

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Janin, Yves, Vincent Hervin, Eloi Coutant, and Glwadys Gagnot. "Synthesis of α-Amino Esters via α-Nitro or α-Oxime Esters: A Review." Synthesis 49, no. 18 (August 9, 2017): 4093–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1589506.

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This review is an in-depth survey of the reported synthetic approaches for the preparation of racemic α-amino esters via the reduction of α-nitro or α-oxime ester intermediates. Accordingly, it describes the many pathways that have been designed to prepare such intermediates­. This includes synthesis starting with α-nitroacetates, dialkyl malonates, acetoacetates, diethyl oxalates as well as [2+3] or [2+4] cycloadditions using, respectively, alkyl carbonocyanidate N-oxides or alkyl 2-nitrosoacrylates. This review also contains the description of a myriad of side reactions which can occur when working with α-nitro esters­.1 Introduction2 α-Amino Esters from α-Nitroacetates via Condensation Reactions3 α-Amino Esters via C-Alkylation or C-Arylation of α-Nitroacetates4 α-Amino Esters from α-Nitroacetates Using Other Reactions5 Synthesis of α-Amino Esters via α-Oxime Esters6 Synthesis of α-Amino Esters via [2+3] Cycloadditions7 Synthesis of α-Amino Esters via [2+4] Cycloadditions8 On the Reduction of α-Oxime Esters9 Conclusion
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Wang, Wenchao, Fashe Li, and Ying Li. "Kinetics and the fluidity of the stearic acid esters with different carbon backbones." Green Processing and Synthesis 8, no. 1 (August 6, 2019): 776–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gps-2019-0046.

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Abstract In this work, stearic acid esters were prepared using [HPY][HSO4] ionic liquids as catalysts and different kinds of alcohols and stearic acid as reactants in a self-designed reactor. Catalytic esterification, kinetics analysis and low temperature fluidity of the esters were studied. Through single-factor experiment, the optimal reaction conditions were determined for methyl stearate, ethyl ester, propyl ester, butyl ester, and amyl ester. The conversion rates under the optimized conditions were all above 97%. The kinetics of the reaction process of all five esters was analyzed by the integral method, and the activation energy, pre-exponential factor and kinetic model were obtained for the five esters. Finally, the low temperature fluidity of all esters was tested and the best value was observed for amyl alcohol. Therefore, these esters would be useful additives for reducing the condensation and cold filter plugging points of biodiesel, thus improving the cold flow properties of biodiesel.
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Rabinovitch, M., V. Zilberfarb, and C. Ramazeilles. "Destruction of Leishmania mexicana amazonensis amastigotes within macrophages by lysosomotropic amino acid esters." Journal of Experimental Medicine 163, no. 3 (March 1, 1986): 520–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.163.3.520.

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Leishmania amastigotes parasitize almost exclusively the mononuclear phagocytes of mammals. The organisms survive and multiply within acidified vacuoles (parasitophorous vacuoles; p.v.) akin to phagolysosomes. Certain amino acid esters are known to accumulate in and disrupt lysosomes. We postulated that, since Leishmania possess lysosome-like organelles, they may be susceptible to the potentially high ester concentrations attained in the p.v. We report here that L-amino acid esters can rapidly destroy intracellular Leishmania at concentrations that do not appear to damage the host cells. L-leu-OMe, which cured greater than or equal to 90% of infected macrophages at 0.8 mM concentrations, was used in most of the experiments. L-leu-OMe was only active after infection, implying inefficient transfer from secondary lysosomes to the p.v. Parasite destruction had several features in common with lysosomal and leukocyte damage induced by the esters, i.e., inactivity of D-amino acid esters, a marked pH dependence and increased killing after ester pulses at lower temperatures. Killing depended on the amino acid and on the ester substitution. The most active of the methyl esters assayed was that of leucine, followed by those of tryptophan, glutamic acid, methionine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine. Methyl esters of seven other amino acids were inactive when tested at up to 10 mM concentrations. Among leucine esters studied, benzyl ester was sixfold more active than the methyl homolog. The dipeptide L-leu-leu-OMe produced 90% cure at 0.08 mM concentrations. Leishmanicidal activity could be related to penetration of the parasites by the esters or to toxic ester hydrolysis products released in the p.v. The first hypothesis is supported by the pH-dependent destruction of isolated amastigotes by the esters. Furthermore, relatively high concentrations of L-leucine, methanol, or benzyl alcohol were not demonstrably toxic to the amastigotes. We postulate that ester concentrations sufficient to damage the intracellular amastigotes may be obtained within the p.v. after exposure of infected macrophages to the esters. Esters preferentially hydrolyzed by parasite enzymes may be expected to be leishmanicidal, but less damaging to the host.
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Liu, Shanshan, Mingyue Shen, Jianhua Xie, Bohan Liu, and Chang Li. "Effects of Endogenous Antioxidants in Camellia Oil on the Formation of 2-Monochloropropane-1, 3-diol Esters and 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol Esters during Thermal Processing." Foods 13, no. 2 (January 14, 2024): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13020261.

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2-Monochloropropane-1, 3-diol (2-MCPD) esters and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) esters, a class of substances potentially harmful to human health, are usually formed during the refining of vegetable oils under high temperature. The effects of endogenous antioxidants in vegetable oils on the formation of 2- and 3-MCPD esters is still unknown. In this study, the effects of endogenous antioxidants (α-tocopherol, stigmasterol and squalene) on the formation of 2- and 3-MCPD esters in model thermal processing of camellia oil were investigated. The possible formation mechanism of 2- and 3-MCPD esters was also studied through the monitoring of acyloxonium ions, the intermediate ions of 2- and 3-MCPD esters formation, and free radicals by employing infrared spectra and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), respectively. The results indicated that the addition of α-tocopherol had either promoting or inhibiting effects on the formation of 2- and 3-MCPD esters, depending on the amount added. Stigmasterol inhibited the formation of 3-MCPD ester and 2-MCPD ester at low concentrations, while promoting their formation at high concentrations. Squalene exhibited a promotional effect on the formation of 3-MCPD ester and 2-MCPD ester, with an increased promotion effect as the amount of squalene added increased. The EPR results suggested that CCl3•, Lipid alkoxyl, N3• and SO3• formed during the processing of camellia oil, which may further mediate the formation of chlorpropanol esters. This study also inferred that squalene promotes the participation of the free radical in chlorpropanol ester formation.
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Kim, Y. B., C. H. Jung, S. J. Choi, W. J. Seo, S. H. Cha, and D. E. Sok. "Potentiation effect of choline esters on choline-catalysed decarbamoylation of dimethylcarbamoyl-acetylcholinesterase." Biochemical Journal 284, no. 1 (May 15, 1992): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2840153.

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The choline esters potentiated the choline-catalysed decarbamoylation of dimethylcarbamoyl-acetylcholinesterase in proportion to the length of acyl group, although esters containing an acyl chain longer than the hexanoyl group exhibited a corresponding decrease in the potentiation. In structural requirement analysis it was found that both the quaternary ammonium moiety and the ester bond were important for the effective acceleration of choline-catalysed decarbamoylation. In general, the respective thiocholine ester was found to be more effective than the corresponding choline ester. Whereas the binding affinity (Ka) of choline in the decarbamoylation was not significantly altered, the maximum decarbamoylation rate (kr(max.)) of choline was greatly enhanced in the presence of choline esters or thiocholine esters. Along with the above observation, the isotope solvent effect, the effect of ionic strength and the antagonism studies demonstrate that the choline esters or thiocholine esters may interact with one of peripheral anionic sites, and thereby make the choline-catalysed decarbamoylation more favourable.
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Rozga, Pawel, Abderrahmane Beroual, Piotr Przybylek, Maciej Jaroszewski, and Konrad Strzelecki. "A Review on Synthetic Ester Liquids for Transformer Applications." Energies 13, no. 23 (December 4, 2020): 6429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236429.

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Synthetic esters have become more and more popular in last few decades, explaining the increasing number of units filled with this liquid year by year. They have been investigated under different aspects, both from the fundamental point of view and breakdown mechanisms, well as from the application point of view. However, their use in high voltage equipment is always a challenge and deeper knowledge of the various aspects that can be encountered in their exploitation is needed. The intent of this review paper is to present the recent research progress on synthetic ester liquid in relation to the selected issues, most important for ester development in the authors’ opinion. The described issues are the breakdown performance of synthetic esters, lightning impulse strength and pre-breakdown phenomena of synthetic esters, synthetic esters-based nanofluids, combined paper-synthetic ester based insulating systems, application of synthetic ester for retro-filling and drying of mineral oil-immersed transformers, DGA(dissolved gas analysis)-based diagnosis of synthetic esters filled transformers as well as static electrification of synthetic esters. The different sections are based both on the data available in the literature, but above all on the authors’ own experience from their research work on synthetic ester liquids for electrical application purposes.
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Li, Huaqiang, Linfeng Xia, Shengwei Cai, Zhiqiang Huang, Jiaqi Li, and Lisheng Zhong. "Influence of Molecule Structure on Lightning Impulse Breakdown of Ester Liquids." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 18, 2021): 1061. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041061.

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Ester liquids are environmentally friendly insulating oils, and they can be used as an alternative to mineral oil in transformers, even though in most countries spills of ester oils must be treated like spills of mineral oil. Furthermore, the breakdown characteristics of ester liquids are worse than those of mineral oils in heterogeneous electric fields. In this paper, we present a comprehensive experimental research on both positive and negative lightning impulse breakdown properties in point-plane geometries with gaps varying from 1 mm to 50 mm. The breakdown voltages and streamer velocities of five kinds of ester liquids, including natural ester, synthetic ester, and three kinds of single component esters have been measured. The results show that the double bonds have no effect on the breakdown voltage of ester liquids. The average streamer velocities of mono-esters are faster than that of other esters under positive polarity, and the breakdown voltages of all esters are close.
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Chen, Ming, and Shan Shan Li. "The catalysts for synthesis of citrate esters plasticizers and the application of citrate esters plasticizers." Cambridge Science Advance 2024, no. 2 (June 4, 2024): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.62852/csa/2024/10.

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The latest research progress in citrate esters plasticizers at home and abroad was introduced. The advance in the catalysts for the syn thesis of citrate esters plasticizers and the application of citrate esters plasticizers were reviewed in detail. The catalysts for the synthesis of citrate esters included sulfonic acid, solid super acid, heteropolyacids, ionic liquids and inorganic salts. The citric acid ester plasticizers were applied in the fields of food packaging, children's toys and medical instrument. The development prospects of citric acid ester plasticizers were outlined.
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Wang, Liyuan, Ying Ying, Zhengyan Hu, Tianjiao Wang, Xianghong Shen, and Pinggu Wu. "Simultaneous Determination of 2- and 3-MCPD Esters in Infant Formula Milk Powder by Solid-Phase Extraction and GC-MS Analysis." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 99, no. 3 (May 1, 2016): 786–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.15-0310.

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Abstract The objective of this study was to establish a method for detecting fatty acid esters of chloropropanols [including 2-monochloropropane-1,3-diol (2-MCPD) ester and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) ester] in infant milk powder using isotope dilution and GC-MS. The fat fraction in infant milk powder samples was extracted and treated with sodium methylate–methanol to cleave the ester bonds of the 2- and 3-MCPD esters. The resultant 2- and 3-MCPDs in the samples were purified with matrix solid-phase liquid–liquid extraction and derivatized with heptafluorobutyryl imidazole for GC-MS analysis. Standard samples of deuterium isotope–labeled 2- and 3-MCPD palmitic acid double esters and stearic acid double esters were used as the internal standards. We also detected 2- and 3-MCPD ester contents in 88 commercial samples of infant formula milk powder using this system. The detection system we established showed a good linearity of 2- and 3-MCPD ester contents in serially diluted standard solutions within the concentration range 25−1000 μg/L, with r2 > 0.9995 and an LOD of 30 μg/kg for both of the MCPD esters. The recoveries of the two MCPD esters spiked at 25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/kg in blank infant formula milk ranged from 98.2 to 110.5%, with RSDs <4.8%, suggesting good accuracy and reliability of this method. In the 88 commercial infant formula milk powder samples, the mean content of 2-MCPD ester was 41 μg/kg (0–52 μg/kg) and that of 3-MCPD was 185 μg/kg (0–316 μg/kg). Based on these results, we estimated the exposure levels of the two MCPD esters in infants fed on formula milk, and the results indicate potential health risks of consuming formula milk products contaminated by the two MCPD esters.
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Syarifah Ali, Gita, Rista Fitria, Mira Rivai, Erliza Hambali, Rini Purnawati, and Ari Imam Sutanto. "Oleochemical Synthesis of Sucrose Esters from Methyl Esters of Palm Stearic and Oleic Fatty Acids." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1354, no. 1 (June 1, 2024): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1354/1/012027.

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Abstract Palm oil contains fatty acids such as stearic ranges from 3.40 – 5.47% and oleic ranges from 34.85 – 40.78% which can be used as materials for the synthesis of sucrose ester. This study aimed to increase and optimize the potential of palm oil raw materials through the oleochemical synthesis of sucrose ester. The process of sucrose ester synthesis consisted of two stages, i.e., the esterification process of fatty acids into methyl esters and the transesterification process of fatty acid methyl esters with sucrose to become sucrose esters. Esterification of stearic and oleic fatty acids was performed using H2SO4 catalyst and methanol as a solvent. Transesterification of sucrose with stearic and oleic methyl esters was performed using two types of catalysts K2CO3 6% and Na2CO3 6%, without solvents. The results showed that sucrose ester made from stearic acid methyl ester with K2CO3 catalyst tended to achieve better performance and physicochemical properties as follows: pH ranged from 10.29 – 10.45, foam stability ranged from 55.497 – 88.082%, emulsion stability ranged from 40.211 – 78.435%, surface tension ranged from 25.4 – 27.60 dyne/cm, and interfacial tension ranged from 9.69 – 10.91dynes/cm.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Esters"

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Hamilton, Caroline. "Investigations of macrocyclic esters and ether-esters." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298341.

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Said, M. S. "Hydrolysis mechanisms for iminosulphonate esters and fluorene esters." Thesis, University of Essex, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.353160.

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Nagatomi, Eiji. "Autoxidation of neopentyl esters used as models for synthetic ester lubricants." Thesis, University of York, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.482785.

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Arca, Hale Cigdem. "Cellulose Esters and Cellulose Ether Esters for Oral Drug Delivery Systems." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82920.

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Amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) is a popular method to increase drug solubility and consequently poor drug bioavailability. Cellulose ω-carboxyesters were designed and synthesized specifically for ASD preparations in Edgar lab that can meet the ASD expectations such as high Tg, recrystallization prevention and pH-triggered release due to the free -COOH groups. Rifampicin (Rif), Ritonavir (Rit), Efavirenz (Efa), Etravirine (Etra) and Quercetin (Que) cellulose ester ASDs were investigated in order to increase drug solubility, prevent release at low pH and controlled release of the drug at small intestine pH that can improve drug bioavailability, decrease needed drug content and medication price to make it affordable in third world countries, and extent pill efficiency period to improve patient quality of life and adherence to the treatment schedule. The studies were compared with cellulose based commercial polymers to prove the impact of the investigation and potential for the application. Furthermore, the in vitro results obtained were further supported by in vivo studies to prove the significant increase in bioavailability and show the extended release. The need of new cellulose derivatives for ASD applications extended the research area, the design and synthesis of a new class of polymers, alkyl cellulose ω-carboxyesters for ASD formulations investigated and the efficiency of the polymers were summarized to show that they have the anticipated properties. The polymers were synthesized by the reaction of commercial cellulose alkyl ethers with benzyl ester protected, monofunctional hydrocarbon chain acid chlorides, followed by removal of protecting group using palladium hydroxide catalyzed hydrogenolysis to form the alkyl cellulose wcarboxyalkanoate. Having been tested for ASD preparation, it was proven that the polymers were efficient in maintaining the drug in amorphous solid state, release the drug at neutral pH and prevent the recrystallization for hours, as predicted.
Ph. D.
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Deshpande, S. D. "Borate esters promoted epoxidation." Thesis(M.Sc.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 1989. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/2284.

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Witt, Fiona Joy. "Synthetic approaches towards phorbol esters." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276852.

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Belogi, Gianluca. "Boronate esters in oligosaccharide synthesis." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367628.

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Marriott, Robert Edward. "Accelerated cleavage of phosphate esters." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272476.

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Zheng, Xueyan. "Regioselective Synthesis of Cellulose Esters." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49540.

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Cellulose is an extraordinarily abundant polymer that can be harvested and purified from trees and other renewable sources. Cellulose derivatives have been widely used as coatings, optical films, fibers, molded objects, and matrices for controlled release. The properties of cellulose derivatives are not only affected by the degree of substitution, but also by the position of substitution. In order to establish the structure-property relationships of cellulose derivatives, it is of great importance to impart regioselectivity into functionalized cellulose. However, regioselective substitution of cellulose is extremely challenging, especially in the synthesis of regioselectively functionalized cellulose esters due to the unstable ester bond under aqueous alkaline or acid conditions. In this dissertation, the main objective is to search for new tools to synthesize regioselectively substituted cellulose esters, to understand how structural changes impact properties and performance, and thus to design cellulose derivatives delivering high performance. Several strategies for regioselective preparation of cellulose esters are discussed in detail. The obtained regioselective cellulose esters were fully characterized analytically.
Ph. D.
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Gao, Chengzhe. "Regioselective chlorination of cellulose esters." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96548.

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Chemical modification of cellulose has been of growing interest, owing to the abundance and processing challenges of natural cellulose. To date, etherification and esterification are the most effective strategies to modify physicochemical properties of cellulose and append new functionalities. However, they typically require relatively harsh conditions, thus limiting introduction of new functional groups. An alternative strategy to synthesize novel cellulose derivatives is to append a good leaving group to cellulose backbone, followed by nucleophilic substitution reaction. Though tosylation and bromination of cellulose are frequently used, they have drawbacks such as chemo- and regioselectivity issues, high cost, and difficulty in purification. We have successfully developed a method to chemo- and regioselectively chlorinate cellulose esters using MsCl. Compared to bromination of cellulose typically used, this chlorination method has many advantages, including low cost of reagents and ease of separation. The chlorinated cellulose esters are useful intermediates for appending new functionalities by displacement reactions. We have synthesized a library of cellulose ester derivatives by this chlorination/nucleophilic substitution strategy, including cationic and anionic cellulose ester derivatives. These cellulose ester derivatives possess great potentialiii for various applications, including amorphous solid dispersion, tight junction opening, anionic drug delivery, and gas separation membranes.
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Books on the topic "Esters"

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W, Getzen Forrest, Hefter G. T, and Mączyński Andrzej, eds. Esters with water. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1992.

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Mercadante, Adriana Z., ed. Carotenoid Esters in Foods. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788015851.

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1943-, Evans Fred J., ed. Naturally occurring phorbol esters. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1986.

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Liu, Jiping. Nitrate Esters Chemistry and Technology. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6647-5.

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Hall, K. R., and K. N. Marsh, eds. Densities of Esters and Ethers. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b76770.

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MacKey, John Francis. Some esters of antimony trioxide. [Toronto]: University Library, pub. by the Librarian, 1996.

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Dallemagne, Gérard. Les esters phosphates: Fluides hydrauliques. Toulouse, France: Cépaduès-Éditions, 2012.

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Robert, Lang William. Some esters of arsenious acid. [Toronto]: University library ; pub. by the Librarian, 1995.

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Woodward, Kevin N. Phthalate esters: Toxicity and metabolism. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1988.

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Alessandra, Pani, and Dessì Sandra, eds. Cell growth and cholesterol esters. Georgetown, Tex: Landes Bioscience, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Esters"

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Harbison, Raymond D., and C. Clifford Conaway. "Esters." In Hamilton & Hardy's Industrial Toxicology, 505–40. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118834015.ch57.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Esters." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 275. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_4518.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Cetyl Esters." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 99. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_1806.

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Makkar, Harinder P. S., P. Siddhuraju, and Klaus Becker. "Phorbol Esters." In Plant Secondary Metabolites, 101–5. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-425-4_17.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Acrylic Esters." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 15. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_189.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Cellulose Esters." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 128. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_2108.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Copal Esters." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 171. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_2907.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Diallyl Esters." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 204. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_3488.

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Boyde, Stephen. "Organic Esters." In Encyclopedia of Tribology, 2493–500. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92897-5_930.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Rosin Esters." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 637. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_10132.

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Conference papers on the topic "Esters"

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Wakabayashi, Toshiaki, Yasuo Kishida, Akira Tsukuda, Toshifumi Atsuta, and Satoshi Suda. "Tribology and Cutting Performance of Esters as a MQL Machining Lubricant." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44247.

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Synthetic esters have recently been used as a high performance lubricant in minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) machining. However, there is little understanding about the relationship between the cutting performance and the tribological action of these esters. This study therefore investigates the tribological characteristics of some synthetic polyol esters for MQL machining by using a basic friction test. In the results of this friction test, an ester having more ester bonds in one molecule showed the better lubricity and such trend was prominent at higher sliding speed in the range of the test conditions. The study also evaluated the practical cutting performance of these polyol esters by using a turning test. This evaluation presented, particularly at the cutting speed of 50m/min, an ester showing the better lubricity provided the higher cutting performance.
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Kurth, T. L., S. C. Cermak, J. A. Byars, and G. Biresaw. "Adsorption Modeling of Fatty and Oleic Estolide Esters via Boundary Lubrication Coefficient of Friction Measurements." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-64073.

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The frictional behaviors of a variety of fatty esters (methyl palmitate (MP), methyl laurate (ML), and 2-ethylhexyl oleate (EHO)) and oleic estolide esters (methyl oleic estolide ester (ME) and 2-ethylhexyl oleic estolide ester (EHE)) as additives in hexadecane have been examined in a boundary lubrication test regime using steel contacts. Critical additive concentrations were defined and used to perform novel and simple Langmuir analyses that provide an order of adsorption energies: EHE ≥ ME > EHO > MP > ML. Application of a general adsorption model indicates slight cooperative adsorption of EHE, ME, and EHO. MP and ML data require larger attractive interaction terms (α ≤ −2.3) to be adequately fit. Irrespective of ester functionality increasingly negative adsorption energies appear to correlate with molecular weight. This suggests that multiple site coverage and multiple adsorptive interactions are likely for each of the esters studied.
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Perez, Carlos, Stephen M. Walton, and Margaret S. Wooldridge. "An Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Functional Group Structure on Particulate Matter and NO Emissions of Oxygenated Hydrocarbons." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-41947.

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The effects of alkyl group size on nitric oxide and soot emissions in small esters was investigated using a multi-element diffusion burner (a Hencken burner) and pool fires at atmospheric pressure. The esters were chosen to examine chemical structure characteristics, e.g. carboxylic acid length, while holding other parameters constant (molecular weight, and C:H:O ratio), to determine the effects of various structural parameters on the particulate matter and NO emissions. The esters were chosen to vary alkyl chain length from one to four carbons in both their alcohol and carboxylic acid groups with the largest ester chosen containing 5 carbons in total. Increasing the carbon content increased the relative sooting tendencies of the esters. Within the isomer pairs considered, the sooting tendency was higher for compounds with longer alcohol groups compared to longer carboxylic groups. Although the NO results were convolved with temperature and structural effects are not isolated, the NO emissions were significantly affected by the addition of the esters to a baseline methane flame.
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Marci, M., I. Kolcunova, and J. Kurimsky. "Dielectric properties of natural esters." In 2011 10th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eeeic.2011.5874663.

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Lukasiewicz, Marcin. "Enzymatic synthesis of cyclooligosacharide esters." In The 20th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-20-d007.

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Seijas, Julio A., Carolina Mendez-Gálvez, and M. Pilar Vázquez-Tato. "Dibutyltin Oxide Mediated MAOS of Esters." In The 16th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-16-01078.

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Cejkova, Anna, Vaclav Mentlik, and Pavel Trnka. "Validation of condition of natural esters." In 2016 Diagnostic of Electrical Machines and Insulating Systems in Electrical Engineering (DEMISEE). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/demisee.2016.7530471.

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Turaeva, Khurshida, Mukhabbat Yuldasheva, and A. Karimov. "Synthesis of isomer maleimidobenzoic acid esters." In 2021 ASIA-PACIFIC CONFERENCE ON APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0089534.

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Moser, Joerg G., Andreas Ostrowsky, Maria Guemuesdagli, and Beate Kleiber. "Bacteriopheophorbide esters: photosensitizers without "threshold dose"?" In Europto Biomedical Optics '93, edited by Giulio Jori, Johan Moan, and Willem M. Star. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.168653.

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Shapkin, N. P., I. G. Khal’chenko, N. V. Maslova, V. G. Savchenko, and E. M. Zayats. "Phosphorus-containing esters of ricinoleic acid." In MODERN SYNTHETIC METHODOLOGIES FOR CREATING DRUGS AND FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (MOSM2020): PROCEEDINGS OF THE IV INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0068817.

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Reports on the topic "Esters"

1

Schaff, Jilla. Fluorinated esters : synthesis and identification. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5805.

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Wright, J. B., Gerald H. Lushington, Margaret Hurley, and William E. White. Hydrolysis of Phosphorus Esters: A Computational Study. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada434154.

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Suri, Suresh C., and Jacob C. Marcischak. New Application of Bromotrimethylsilane: Elaboration of Aldehydes/Ketones into Homologous Alpha-Beta-Unsaturated Esters via Beta-Hydroxy Esters. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada410496.

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Czarnik, Anthony W. Precomplexation and Activation of Carboxylate and Phosphate Esters. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada247778.

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Czarnik, Anthony W. Precomplexation and Activation of Carboxylate and Phosphate Esters,. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada251846.

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Czarnik, Anthony W. Synthetic Catalysts that Hydrolyze Phosphate and Carboxylate Esters. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada256420.

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Brichart, Thomas, Mahmoud Ould Metidji, Mario Silva, Sissel Opsahl Viig, and Tor Bjørnstad. Lanthanide-Complexed Esters for Single-Well SOR Measurements. University of Stavanger, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.208.

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The main objective has been to improve the prevailing single-well chemical tracer push-and-pull technique, SWCTT, for measurement of residual oil saturation (SOR) in defined pay zones in a single well test [1,2,3] after water injection on the following subjects: • Improvement in tracer detection limits by a factor > 1000 • On-site or even on-line detection of tracer signal in true time • Reduction in the needed amount of tracer by a factor of > 1000 • Reduced footprint on production platforms during tracer operation The intended audience and technology users are oil and service companies.
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Leonard, Joseph M., and George R. Famini. Estimation of Reactivity Based Upon Steric Factors: Amidization of Esters. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada195802.

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Cowley, Alan H. Reactions of Organometallic Compounds with Phosphorus (V) Esters and Related Species. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada190893.

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Myo, Thet, Kazunori Hamasaki, Eiji Kinoshita, and Hiroshi Tajima. Diesel Combustion Characteristics of Single Compositions of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-32-0042.

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